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Download 1 File ^^\PXc '^WW^ The United States National Museum Annual Report for the Year Ended June 30, 1953 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION United States National Museum, Under Direction of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C, October 15, 1963. Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith a report upon the present condition of the United States National Museum and upon the work accomplished in its various departments during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1953. Very respectfully, Remington Kellogg, Director, U. S. National Museum. Dr. Leonard Carmichael, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. Annual Report of the Director United States National Museum June 30, 1953 Scientific staff Director: Remington Kellogg Department of Anthropology: Frank M. Setzler, head curator A. J. Andrews, J. E. Anglim, exhibits preparators Archbologt: Waldo R. Wedel, cu- Physical Anthropology: T. Dale rator Stewart, curator Clifford Evans, Jr., associate curator M. T. Newman, associate curator Ethnology: H. W. Krieger, curator J. C. Ewers, associate curator C. M. Watkins, associate curator R. A. Elder, Jr., assistant curator Department of Zoology: Waldo L. Schmitt, head curator W. L. Brown, chief exhibits preparator; C. R. Aschemeier, W. M. Perrygo, E. G. Laybourne, C. S. East, J. D. Biggs, exhibits preparators; Mrs. Aime M, Awl, scientific illustrator Mammals: Insects: Edward A. Chapin, curator D. H. Johnson, associate curator R. E. Blackwelder, associate curator H. W. Setzer, associate curator W. D. Field, associate curator Charles 0. Handley, Jr., assistant O. L. Cartwright, associate curator curator Grace E. Glance, associate curator Birds: Herbert Friedmann, curator Sophy Parfin, assistant curator F. H. G. Deignan, associate curator Marine Invertebrates: A. Chace, Jr., curator Samuel A. Amy, museum aide Frederick M. Bayer, associate curator Reptiles and Amphibians: Mrs. L. W. Peterson, museum aide Doris M. Cochran, associate curator MoLLUSKs: Harald A. Rehder, curator Fishes: Leonard P. Schultz, curator Joseph P. E. Morrison, associate cu- E. A. Lachner, associate curator rator W. T. Leapley, museum aide R. Tucker Abbott, associate curator Robert H. Kanazawa, museum aide W. J. Byas, museum aide Department of Botany: Jason R. Swallen, head curator Phanerogams: A. C. Smith, curator Grasses: E. C. Leonard, associate curator Ernest R. Sohns, associate curator E. H. Walker, associate curator Cryptogams: C. V. Morton, acting cu- Lyman B. Smith, associate curator rator Velva E. Rudd, assistant curator Paul S. Conger, associate curator Ferns: C. V. Morton, curator Department of Geology: W. F. Foshag, head curator J. H. Benn, Jessie G. Beach, museum aides Mineralogy and Pbtkologt W. F Vertebrate Paleontology: C. Foshag, acting curator Gazin, curator E. P. Henderson, associate curator D. H. Dunkle, associate curator G. S. Switzer, associate curator F. L. Pearce, exhibits preparator F. E. Holden, museum technician A. C. Murray, exhibits preparator Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany Gustav A. Cooper, curator A. R. Loeblich, Jr., associate curator David Nicol, associate curator W, T. Allen, 'museum aide Department of Engineering and Industries: Frank A. Taylor, head curator Engineering: Frank A. Taylor, acting Crafts and Industries: W. N. Wat- curator; in charge of Sections of kins, curator; in charge of Sections Civil and Mechanical Engineering, of Wood Technology, Manufac- Marine Transportation, and Phys- tures, and Agricultural Industries ical Sciences and Measurements Edward C. Kendall, associate curator Rogers, assistant curator; K. M. Perry, associate curator, Grace L. Section of Textiles Section of Electricity E. A, Avery, museum aide S. H. Oliver, associate curator, Sec- William E. Bridges, museum aide tion of Land Transportation Walter T. Marinetti, museum aide Medicine and Public Health: Graphic Arts: J. Kainen, curator George B. Griffenhagen, associate A. J. Wedderburn, Jr., associate curator curator; Section of Photography Alvin E. Goins, museum aide J. Harry Philh'ps, Jr., museum aide Department of History: Mendel L. Peterson, acting head curator Military and Naval History: Civil History: Mendel L. Peterson, associate cura- Margaret W. Brown, associate curator tor Robert Leroy Morris, museum aide J. Russell Sirlouis, assistant curator Philately: Craddock R. Goins, Jr., assistant cu- Franklin R. Bruns, Jr., associate rator. curator Numismatics: S. M. MosHER, associate curator (*=^c^ m^^f , J^-'^¥ij Smithsonian collaborators, associates, custodians of collections, and honorary curators Anthropology Neil M. Judd, Anthropology W. W. Taylor, Jr., Anthropology Zoology Paul Bartsch, Mollusks W. L. Jellison, Insects Arthur C. Bent, Birds W. M. Mann, Hymenoptera A. G. Boving, Zoology W. B. Marshall, Zoology L. L. Buchanan, Coleoptera Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., Mammals M. A. Carriker, Insects J. Percy Moore, Marine Invertebrates Austin H. Clark, Zoology Theodore S. Palmer, Zoology R. S. Clark, Zoology Benjamin Schwartz, Helminthology Robert A. Cushman, Hymenoptera Mrs. Harriet Richardson Searle, Marine Max M. Ellis, Marine Invertebrates Invertebrates W. K. Fisher, Zoology C. R. Shoemaker, Zoology D. C. Graham, Biology Alexander Wetmore, Birds Charles T. Greene, Diptera Mrs. Mildred Stratton Wilson, Copepod A. Brazier Howell, Mammals Crustacea Botany Agnes Chase, Grasses F. A. McClure, Grasses David G. Fairchild, Lower Fungi John A. Stevenson, Fungi E. P. Killip, Phanerogams Geology R, S. Bassler, Paleontology J. P. Marble, Mineralogy Roland W. Brown, Paleobotany S. H. Perry, Mineralogy Preston Cloud, Invertebrate Paleon- J. B. Reeside, Jr., Invertebrate Pale- tology ontology Frank L. Hess, Mineralogy and Pe- W. T. Sehaller, Mineralogy trology T. W. Stanton, Invertebrate Paleon- J. Brookes Knight, Invertebrate Pale- tology ontology Engineering and Industries F, L. Lewton, Crafts and Industries VI Contents Page Introduction 1 Exhibits 8 Accessions 12 Care of Collections 20 Investigation and Research 26 Anthropology 25 Zoology 29 Botany 35 Geology 37 Engineering and Industries 44 History 46 Publications 48 Donors to the National Collections 56 vn Introduction Our National Museum serves many purposes. In it, objects of natural science and treasures of history and technology are preserved for posterity. Through critical study of its collections and the data relevant to them the scope of human knowledge is enlarged. From the exhibition of its collections the visiting public receives information and intellectual stimulation. AU these activities—the amassing, the preserving, the documenting, the study, and the exhibiting of its collections—require not only constant work and attention but also financial support. Lack of adequate funds for exhibits over a period of many years has forced the United States National Museum to leave many of its pubHc halls long unchanged, despite the awareness of its staff that newer and better methods of exhibition would greatly improve them. The Congress has now made appropriations permitting us to start some modernization of these exhibition halls. To this improvement in our service to the public the Museum staff is turning a very considerable part of its thinking and effort. As we commence this long-range undertaking it seems worthwhile to discuss its goals in terms of the mission of the Smithsonian Institution to increase and diffuse knowledge among men. National repository In planning exhibits for the National Museum, a number of factors must be considered in addition to the obvious ones of cost and avail- ability of space and personnel. Several in particular are significant. First, the Museum is the national repository for materials in national history, technology and engineering, and the natural sciences. It is charged with the duty of holding for pubhc use this material, much of which is turned over to it by other departments of the Govern- ment. In more than a century of service to science and the pubhc it has been given the responsibihty for preserving and exhibiting im- mense collections of scientific and cultural objects, many of them unique, valued at many hundreds of miUions of doUars. No museum in this country and few, if any, throughout the world have this func- tion and this opportimity to gather and exhibit so much that is of permanent significance. 1 2 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT, 1953 Public interest Second, the interest of the pubhc in these collections is attested by a recent national poll showing that the National Museum is a tourist attraction in Washington second only to the Capitol and the White House. Because of its location on the Mall, the Museum is frequently the first point of interest for visitors to the Nation's Capital. Citizens from every section of the United States are to be found at almost any time in its halls, which are open to the public every day in the year but Christmas. Many of its visitors return again and again, often from considerable distances. Others, some of them foreign, are able to make no more than one trip to Washington in a lifetime. To all these people, most of whom have a hmited budget of time but a vast interest in seeing as much of as many different things as possible, the Museum has a very great responsibility for making their visit both significant and satisfying. The presence in the Museum of so many authentic relics of our social and technological background provides a rich opportunity to set before the world this material evidence of the factors contributing to our national growth. Also, as the only large museum of its kind in the Washington metropolitan area, its exhibits
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