Community Composition and Status of Avifaunal Diversity in and Around Ottu Reservoir of Sirsa, Haryana, India

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Published online: June 2, 2021 ISSN : 0974-9411 (Print), 2231-5209 (Online) journals.ansfoundation.org

Research Article

Community composition and status of avifaunal diversity in and around Ottu reservoir of Sirsa, Haryana, India

Deepak Rai* Animal Behaviour and Wildlife Conservation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra Article Info University, Kurukshetra- 136119 (Haryana), India https://doi.org/10.31018/ Vanita jans.v13i2.2666 Animal Behaviour and Wildlife Conservation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra Received: April 1, 2021 University, Kurukshetra- 136119 (Haryana), India Revised: May 23, 2021 Accepted: May 27, 2021 *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

How to Cite Rai, D. and Vanita (2021). Community composition and status of avifaunal diversity in and around Ottu reservoir of Sirsa, Haryana, India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 13(2), 593 - 606. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2666

Abstract Assessments of avian communities’ composition in different habitats give an emphasis in monitoring environmental perspective. Depending on specific habitat functioning, their population pattern helps to determine the ecological health of an area. Bird sur- veys were accomplished on a fortnightly basis from October 2019 to September 2020 using Scan sampling, Point count and Line transect methods for evaluation of species abundance and richness in and around Ottu Reservoir, district Sirsa, Haryana (India). A total of 114 species comprising 91 genera, 47 families and 18 orders were recorded, among which 76 species were resident, 30 winter migrants and 8 summer migrants. Out of reported 114 species of birds, one species was vulnerable, 6 Near- threatened as listed by IUCN. Three bird species were listed under Schedule-I and the remaining species under Schedule-IV of IWPA (1972); six species under appendices of CITES (2012). Species such as Rock dove Columba livia, Lesser Whistling-duck Dendrocygna javanica and Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos with decreasing IUCN population trends were reported abundantly in the study area. Analysis of feeding guilds results revealed that Carnivores as predominated guild due to enriched food material. The presence of diverse plantation, aquatic body, serenity and agricultural fields serve the reservoir as potential habitat for residential and migratory species. Therefore, effective measures must be taken for the conservation of this area as a potential site for avian diversity.

Keywords: Avian communities, Ecological health, Passeriformes, Winter migrants, Ottu reservoir

INTRODUCTION 1985; Padmavathy et al., 2010; Whelan et al., 2015) and alter the environment in way beneficial for other The avian population in different ecosystems has be- species. Wetlands sustain distinct communities of come an effective element in protecting biodiversity and plants and animals, considering this habitat as a determining appropriate conservation activities. Bird ‘Biodiversity hotspot’ within an area or landscape population estimation is important for understanding (Gopal and Sah, 1993). These serve as crucial habitat group structure, niche relationship, habitat preference for wetland-dependent and water-associated birds rep- and other behavioural aspects (Pawar et al., 2019). resenting breeding, feeding and roosting sites, vital for Birds are a structural part of entire planet, key species their conservation and management (James et al., in sustaining ecological equilibrium and are needed for 2001; Harisha and Hosetti, 2018; Vishwakarma et al., human sustenance similar to other biotic components 2020). Avian species distribution patterns are deter- (State of India's Birds, 2020). They serve as pointer mined by their mobility, habitat suitability, food availa- species of a particular region (Blair, 1999); bioindicator bility, geo-physiological structure of wetland (Akosim et for understanding environmental issues (Newton and al., 2008).

Anim, 1995); demolish insect pests, scavenge carrions, India harbors 7,57,060 wetlands (with an area ˜ 15.26 pollinate flowers, bio-fertilizers, disperse seeds (Niemi, Mha) embracing 1,88,470 Inland (Natural and Man-

This work is licensed under Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). © : Author (s). Publishing rights @ ANSF.

Rai, D. and Vanita / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 13(2), 593 - 606 (2021) made) wetland; 13,033 Coastal (Natural and Man- Methodology made) wetland and 5,55,557 wetlands (<2.25 ha). The state of Haryana has a total of 11,970 wetlands that An ornithological survey was conducted periodically at covers an area of about 42,478 ha, accounting 0.86% selected study site from October 2019 to September of the state geographic area (National Wetland Atlas, 2020 in three respective phases viz., Morning, Noon 2011). Due to favourable environmental conditions, and Evening phase. Data was recorded with the help of approximately 450 avian species had reported spend- various methods such as Scan sampling (Altmann, ing time for their necessities in this state (Goyal et al., 1974), Point and Line Transect (Gaston, 1975; Suther- 2014). Extensive work has been done by respective land et al., 2005) and presented in the form of checklist researchers (Gupta and Kaushik, 2013; Goyal et al., of avian species. Bird’s observation was made with 2014; Chopra and Jakhar, 2016; Rai et al., 2017; Ku- binoculars and Canon Power shot SX50HS digital cam- mar and Sharma, 2018; Rai et al., 2019; Kumar and eras, and identification was done with the help of field Sahu, 2020) in this state on distribution, ecology, diver- guides i.e., Grimmett et al. (2015); Arlott (2015); Grim- sity and conservation status of birds. Different wetlands mett and Inskipp (2019); Kalsi et al. (2019) and authen- of any site function as balancing reservoir to sustain the ticated avian database (IUCN Red list of Threatened native biodiversity. The presence of diverse plantations, Species, Merlin bird ID and Oriental Bird Club image widespread agricultural fields in and around Ottu Reser- database). A checklist of recorded bird species was voir, located in village Ottu, district Sirsa, Haryana en- prepared and classified based on a common name, dows appropriate habitat for avifaunal diversity. The scientific name, alternative name, order, family and reservoir serves as foraging, roosting, breeding genus using Praveen et al. (2016), Praveen et al. grounds for resident species and stopover or wintering (2019) and IUCN (2020). The assessment of Residen- grounds for migratory species. Depending upon various tial/Migratory status was done based on the presence conditions such as climate, habitat use and resources or absence method (Grimmett and Inskipp, 2003; Ku- stability of a reservoir determines the presence of aerial mar et al., 2016). The abundance status of species was foraging avifauna (Basu et al., 2018). The present study calculated depending on the frequency of sightings and was conducted to fill the knowledge gap about the infor- the definite criteria of Kumar and Gupta (2009), with mation on avifauna in Ottu Reservoir along with its eco- some modifications. The criterion was quite different for logical significance. both residential and migratory species. For residential species, abundance status was classified as Abundant MATERIALS AND METHODS (observed 16-21 times/21 visits), Common (11-15 times/21 visits), Fairly common (6-10 times/21 visits) Study area and Rare (1-5 times/21 visits); whereas for migratory The Ottu Reservoir is situated at district Sirsa, Haryana, species the criteria varies for two selected seasons of with its geographical coordinates 29°29'39"N and 74° one year field survey i.e., Winter (October-March) and 54'02"E, about 12 km west of Sirsa (Fig. 1 and 2). It is Summer (April-September). In the winter season, the perennial lake that serves as a feeder for two Ghaggar status is assigned as: Abundant (observed 9-11 canals (the northern and the southern canals) that car- times/11 visits), Common (6-8 times/11 visits), Fairly ries water to adjoining areas and northern Rajasthan. It common (3-5 times/11 visits) and Rare (1-2 times/11 covers an area of about 950 acres with depth of ap- visits) and in Summer season: Abundant (observed 9- proximately 15 feet (Goyal et al., 2014). The flow of 10 times/10 visits), Common (6-8 times/10 visits), Fairly lake is restricted by Ottu weir situated at 29°29'21"N common (3-5 times/10 visits) and Rare (1-2 times/10 and 74°54'38"E near village Ottu (about 8 miles away visits). The IWPA (1972), CITES (2012), and IUCN from Sirsa) constructed in 1896-97 on Ghaggar-Hakra (2020) were used to assess the conservation status river of Haryana. The average annual rainfall of the dis- and population trends (Increasing ↑, Decreasing ↓, Sta- trict is approximately 325-400 mm, with mean temper- ble → and Unknown?) of the species. Feeding guilds atures ranging from 4°C in winter to 48°C in summer were categorized into 8 guilds (Carnivore, Insectivore, (Goyal et al., 2016). The lake provides tremendous Omnivore, Herbivore, Frugivore, Grainivore, Insecti/ habitat due to diverse trees, bushes, aquatic vegeta- Nectarivore and Piscivore) based on direct observation tion, agricultural fields, floral species such as Euca- and literature (Ali and Ripley 1987; Grimmett et al., lyptus spp. (Safeda), Azadirachta indica (Neem), 1999; Singh et al., 2020). The relative diversity (RDi) Ficus benghalensis (Banyan), Acacia nilotica (Kikar), value of the families was calculated formula given by Ziziphus jujube (Jujube), Dalbergia sissoo La Torre-Cuadros et al. (2007): (Shisham), Ficus religiosa (Peepal), Acacia arabica (Babool), Eichhornia (Water hyacinth) and attracts a large number of avian species considering as a suit- …..Eq. 1 able place for them. 594

Rai, D. and Vanita / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 13(2), 593 - 606 (2021)

Fig. 1. Location and map of Ottu reservoir, Sirsa, Haryana, India.

Fig. 2. Pictorial view of Ottu reservoir, Sirsa, Haryana, India. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (5 species in three families); Columbiformes (5 species in single family); Cuculiformes and Gruiformes (each A total of 114 species belonging 18 orders, 47 families with four species in single family); Piciformes (three and 91 genera (Table 1) were recorded from Ottu Res- species in two families); Bucerotiformes (two species in ervoir, district Sirsa, Haryana during 21 periodic visits two families); Accipitriformes, Ciconiiformes, Psittaci- from October 2019 to September 2020. Due to the out- formes and Suliformes (each with two species in single break of COVID-19, periodic field visits from 26 March family) Galliformes, Phoenicopteriformes, Strigiformes, 2020 to 30 April 2020 were missed. During the present Podicipediformes (each with single species in single study maximum number of recorded bird species be- family) (Table 1). Goyal et al. (2014) also reported 64 longed to Order Passeriformes (41 species in 20 fami- migratory avian species comprising 44 genera, 27 fam- lies) followed by Charadriiformes (17 species in six ilies and 9 orders in Ottu Lake, Sirsa, Haryana. In ac- families); Pelecaniformes (12 species in two families); cordance with previous records such as avifauna of Anseriformes (9 species in single family); Coraciformes Sultanpur National Park, Haryana (Chopra et al.,2012);

595

Rai, D. and Vanita / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 13(2), 593 - 606 (2021)

…..

., 2016 .,

Contd

etal

legged Green Green legged

wingedteal,

billed Afri-duck,

Yellow name(s) Alternative followed by Praveen - - - - - Green Eurasianteal - WhistlingLesserteal, duck Tree Knob cancombduck Patridge Grey - BlueRock Pigeon pigeon IndianDove Ring Dove, Littlebrown SenegalDove -

IV IWPA IWPA (1972) IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

II CITES CITES (2012) ------

Conservation Status

LC IUCN IUCN (2020) LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

↓ Global population trends ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ ? ↓ ↓ → ↑ ↓ ↓ ↑ → ↑

R Abun- dance status C C FC FC FC R FC A R R A C C FC R

H Feeding guild H O H H O O H O O O G F G G G

R Residen- tial Status R WM WM WM WM WM WM SM R R R R R R R

Pal-

(Linnaeus,

0.88

J.R.1781 Forster, (Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, 1758

(Linnaeus, 1758) (Linnaeus, phoenicopterus Treron Scientificname Anaspoecilorhyncha Spatulaclypeata Penelope Mareca (Linnaeus, 1758) strepera Mareca 1758) Aythyaferina Anascrecca Spatulaquerquedula (Linnaeus, 1758) javanicaDendrocygna (Horsfield,1821) Sarkidiornismelanotos (Pennant,1769) Francolinuspondicerianus (J.F. 1789) Gmelin, Phoenicopterusroseus las,1811 Columbalivia J.F. 1789 Gmelin, (Latham, 1790) Streptopeliadecaocto 1838)(Frivaldszky, Spilopeliasenegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Streptopeliachinensis (Scopoli,1786)

4.39

0.88

7.89

BilledDuck

Footed Green Footed

Checklist of Avifaunal Species with their RDi value recorded in and around Ottu (India). reservoir, around and Haryana in recorded RDi Species value their with of Checklist Avifaunal

Comb Duck Yellow Order/Family/Common Order/Family/Common name IndianSpot NorthernShoveler Wigeon Eurasian Gadwall CommonPochard CommonTeal Garganey WhistlingLesserDuck Francolin Grey GreaterFlamingo RockDove Pigeon EurasianDove Collared LaughingDove SpottedDove

9. Sr. Sr. No. (No. of Species=9 Family=1) 1.No. of and ANSERIFORMES 1.1. value RDi (9), Anatidae 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Family=1) No. (No. of and of Species=1 2. GALLIFORMES (1),2.1. value RDi Phasianidae 10. of Family=1) (No. No. of and Species=1 3. PHOENICOPTERIFORMES value RDi 3.1.(1), Phoenicopteridae 11. of andSpecies=5 4.Family=1) COLUMBIFORMESNo. (No. of value RDi 4.1.(5), Columbidae 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Table 1.Table

596

Rai, D. and Vanita / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 13(2), 593 - 606 (2021)

…..

Contd

Crow Pheasant Crow CommonKoel birdBrainfever PiedCuckoo Crested Eurasian Moorhen, IndianMoorhen - EurasianCoot PurpleMoorhen - LargeEgret Egret, Median Smaller Egret - Paddybird - - LittleGreen Heron -

IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

------

LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

→ → → → → ? ↑ ? ↑ ? ↓ ↑ ? ↓ ? ↓ ↓

C C R R C C A R A FC FC A A R A R R

C O In In O O O O C C C C C C C C C

R SM SM SM R R WM R R R R R R R R R R

(Linnaeus,

(Vahl,1797) Linnaeus, 1758

(Boddaert, 1783) (Boddaert, 1766 Linnaeus, Centropus sinensisCentropus (Stephens,1815) Eudynamysscolopaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) Hierococcyxvarius Clamatorjacobinus chloropus Gallinula (Linnaeus,1758) Amaurornisphoenicurus (Pennant,1769) Fulicaatra Linnaeus, 1758 Porphyrioporphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) Bubulcusibis (Linnaeus,1758) Ardeaalba Linnaeus, 1758 Ardeaintermedia Wagler, 1829 Egrettagarzetta 1766) Ardeolagrayii (Sykes, 1832) Ardeapurpurea cinereaArdea Butoridesstriata (Linnaeus, 1758) Nycticoraxnycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758)

3.51

7.89

3.51

–

Cuckoo

…..

backedHeron

breasted Waterhen breasted

Contd

GreaterCoucal AsianKoel CommonHawk Jacobin Cuckoo CommonMoorhen White CommonCoot PurpleSwamphen CattleEgret Great Egret IntermediateEgret LittleEgret IndianHeron Pond PurpleHeron Heron Grey Green Night Blackcrowned Heron

7. PELECANIFORMES (No. of Species=12 and No. of Families=2) and No. Species=12 of (No. 7.PELECANIFORMES 5. CUCULIFORMES (No. of Species=4 and No. of Family=1) 5.(No. No. of CUCULIFORMES of and Species=4 value RDi 5.1.(4), Cuculidae 17. 18. 19. 20. and of Family=1) (No. No. 6.of Species=4 GRUIFORMES (4), 6.1. value RDi Rallidae 21. 22. 23. 24. 7.1.value RDi (9), Ardeidae 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. Table 1.Table

597

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- IndianIbis Black - WhiteIbis, Oriental WhiteIbis - Avocet - SpottedSandpiper - - Greenshank - - DuskyRedshank FantailSnipe - - -

IV IV I IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

------

NT LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC NT

↓ ↓ ? ↓ ↑ ? ↓ → ↑ ? → ↓ ↓ → ↓ ? ? →

R FC R R A R A A C A R FC R R R R A R

In C C C C C In In In In C In In In C In C C

WM R R R R WM WM WM WM WM WM WM WM WM WM WM R R

Lin-

Linnaeus,

2.63

1.75

9.65

(Pallas, 1764)(Pallas,

Himantopus himantopus Himantopus nebularia Tringa 1758) (Linnaeus, Pseudibispapillosa (Temminck,1824) Platalealeucorodia naeus, 1758 Threskiornismelanocepha- lus (Latham, 1790) (Linnaeus, 1758) Recurvirostraavosetta Linnaeus, 1758 Actitishypoleucos (Linnaeus, 1758) Tringaglareola Linnaeus, 1758 Tringaochropus 1758 Tringatotanus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gunnerus, 1767) Calidrispugnax (Linnaeus, 1758) Tringastagnatilis (Bechstein, 1803) Tringaerythropus gallinagoGallinago (Linnaeus, 1758) Calidristemminckii (Leisler,1812) Limosalimosa Vanellusindicus (Boddaert,1783) Chlidoniashybrida (Pallas, 1811)

0.88

sStint

’

tailedGodwit HeadedIbis WingedStilt

…..

- - -

napedIbis wattledLapwing

- -

Contd

Black Red EurasianSpoonbill Black Black PiedAvocet CommonSandpiper WoodSandpiper GreenSandpiper CommonRedshank CommonGreenshank Ruff Sandpiper Marsh SpottedRedshank CommonSnipe Temminck Red WhiskeredTern

49. 7.2. Threskiornithidae (3), RDi value RDi (3), 7.2. Threskiornithidae 34. 35. 36. (No. No. of of and Species=17 8.Families=6) CHARADRIIFORMES value 8.1.RDi (2), Recurvirostridae 37. 38. value RDi (11), 8.2. Scolopacidae 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 8.3.(1), value RDi Charadriidae 50. 8.4. value RDi (1), Laridae 51. Table 1.Table

598

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throatedKing-

Eater

PariahKite - - - - - CommonHorn- Grey bill EurasianHoopoe SmallGreen Bee Eater,Green Little Bee - White fisher LesserKingfish- Pied er - LargeParakeet Indian

I IV IV IV I IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

II - - - II II ------II

LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC NT

? ↑ ↓ ↓ → → → ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ ? ↑ ↓

R R R R R R FC R A R C R A C

C C O O C C O In In In C P F F

R R SM R R R R R SM SM R R R R

(Scopoli, (Scopoli,

(Salvadori,

(Temminck, (Temminck,

Coraciasbenghalensis Hydrophasianus chirurgus Hydrophasianus (Scopoli,1786) Burhinusindicus 1865) Accipiterbadius (J.F. 1788) Gmelin, Milvusmigrans (Boddaert,1783) Athenebrama 1821) Ocycerosbirostris 1786) Upupaepops Linnaeus, 1758 orientalis Merops Latham, 1801 persicus Merops Pallas, 1773 smyrnensis Halcyon (Linnaeus,1758) Cerylerudis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Linnaeus, 1758) Psittaculakrameri 1769) Psittaculaeupatria (Linnaeus, 1766)

1.75

0.88

1.75

0.88

1.75

0.88

0.88 0.88

- -

Eater

Knee

Eater

TailedJacana

…..

BreastedKingfish-

RingedParakeet

CheekedBee -

Contd

PiedKingfisher

Black Kite Black Indian Roller Pheasant IndianThick Shikra SpottedOwlet IndianHornbill Grey CommonHoopoe GreenBee Blue White er Rose AlexandrineParakeet

55. 63. 8.5. value RDi (1), Jacanidae 52. (1),8.6. value RDi Burhinidae 53. (No. of of andSpecies=2 9.Family=1) No. ACCIPITRIFORMES value RDi 9.1.(2), Accipitridae 54. Family=1) Species=1No. 10.of of and STRIGIFORMES(No. (1), 10.1. value RDi Strigidae 56. and of of Species=2 Families=2) 11.No. (No. BUCEROTIFORMES value RDi 11.1.(1), Bucerotidae 57. value RDi 11.2.(1), Upupidae 58. (No. of of andSpecies=5 Families=3) No. 12. CORACIIFORMES 12.1. Meropidaevalue RDi (2), 59. 60. (2), 12.2. value RDi Alcedinidae 61. 62. value 12.3.RDi (1), Coraciidae of andSpecies=2 Family=1) 13.(No. No. of PSITTACIFORMES value RDi (2), 13.1. Psittaculidae 64. 65. Table 1.Table

599

Rai, D. and Vanita / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 13(2), 593 - 606 (2021)

throatedMunia

- Large Pied WagtailLarge Pied WagtailPied - - Indian Swallow Cliff - SpottedMunia White - - IndianRobin Black - - Collared stonechat, EasternStonechat IndianTreepie -

IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

------

LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

→ → → ↓ → ↑ ↑ → → → ↓ → → → → ↓ →

C C C C R C C R R A R C FC R R R R

O In In In In In In G G O O In In In In O O

R R WM WM WM R R R R R R R WM R WM R WM

Tunstall,

(Dumont,

1.75

Linnaeus, 1758 Dendrocittavagabunda

3.51

Motacillamaderaspatensis J.F. 1789 Gmelin, Motacillaalba Motacillaflava Linnaeus, 1758 cinereaMotacilla 1771 fluvicola Petrochelidon (Blyth, 1855) Hirundosmithii Leach, 1818 punctulataLonchura (Linnaeus, 1758) Euodicemalabarica (Linnaeus, 1758) Turdoidesstriata 1823) Argyaearlei (Blyth, 1844) Saxicoloidesfulicatus (Linnaeus, 1766) Lusciniasvecica (Linnaeus, 1758) saularis Copsychus (Linnaeus, 1758) Saxicolamaurus (Pallas, 1773) Corvussplendens 1817 Vieillot, (Latham, 1790) currucaSylvia (Linnaeus, 1758)

1.75

3.51

- 1.75

0.88

1.75

ThroatedSwallow

Browed Wagtail Browed -

BreastedMunia

…..

TailedSwallow

Contd

House Crow White WagtailWhite Wagtail WesternYellow Wagtail Grey Streak Wire Scaly IndianSilverbill JungleBabbler StriatedBabbler IndianRobin Bluethroat Robin OrientalMagpie SiberianStonechat RufousTreepie Whitethroat Lesser

80. 14. PASSERIFORMES (No. of Species=41 and 14. of Families=20) No. PASSERIFORMES value RDi 14.1.Motacillidae(4), 66. 67. 68. 69. value RDi 14.2.(2), Hirundinidae 70. 71. value RDi 14.3.(2), Estrildidae 72. 73. value RDi 14.4.(2), Leiothrichidae 74. 75. value (4), 14.5.Muscicapidae RDi 76. 77. 78. 79. (2), 14.6. value RDi Corvidae 81. (1), 14.7.value RDi Sylviidae 82. Table 1.Table

600

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backed Shrike backed

bellied Wrenbellied

headed Munia,

Warbler - Rufous WarblerWrenPlain - Yellow WarblerWrenAshy - - - - - JungleSindSparrow EuropeanStarling Black Munia Brahminy PiedMyna RosyPastor IndianMyna - -

IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

------

LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC

→ ? → → ↓ → → ↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ → ↓ ? ↑ ? ↑ ↑ ?

R R FC R R R C R C R FC R R R R R FC R C

In In In In/N In In In/N In/N O O O O O O O O O O In

R R R R R R R R R R R R WM R R WM R R R

Valenci-

1.75

0.88 0.88

Linnaeus, 1758

(Delessert, 1840) (Delessert, 1758) (Linnaeus, Lanius vittatus Lanius ennes, 1826 schachLanius Linnaeus, 1758 Priniainornata Sykes, 1832 sutorius Orthotomus (Pennant,1769) Priniaflaviventris Priniasocialis Sykes, 1832 Cinnyrisasiaticus (Latham, 1790) Zosteropspalpebrosus (Temminck,1824) cafer Pycnonotus (Linnaeus, 1766) leucotis Pycnonotus (Gould, 1836) Passerdomesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Passerpyrrhonotus Blyth, 1845 Sturnusvulgaris Sturniapagodarum (J.F. 1789) Gmelin, contra Gracupica (Linnaeus, 1758) Pastorroseus Acridotherestristis (Linnaeus, 1766) Acridotheresginginianus (Latham, 1790) Dicrurusmacrocercus 1817 Vieillot,

- -

1.75

3.51

0.88

5.26

1.75

Eye

BelliedPrinia

EaredBulbul

…..

Contd

Bay Backed Bay Shrike LongShrike Tailed PlainPrinia CommonTailorbird Yellow AshyPrinia PurpleSunbird WhiteIndian RedVented Bulbul White HouseSparrow SindSparrow CommonStarling Starling Brahminy AsianStarling Pied RosyStarling CommonMyna BankMyna BlackDrongo

14.8. Laniidae (2), 14.8.value RDi Laniidae(2), 83. 84. (4), 14.9. value RDi Cisticolidae 85. 86. 87. 88. value RDi (1), 14.10.Nectariniidae 89. value RDi (1), 14.11.Zosteropidae 90. value RDi 14.12.(2), Pycnonotidae 91. 92. 14.13.(2), Passeridae value RDi 93. 94. value RDi 14.14.(6), Sturnidae 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. value RDi 14.15.Dicruridae (1), 101. Table 1.Table

601

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↓

Near

Increasing, Increasing,

breasted

necked Stork, neckedStork,

International International Un-

necked Stork necked : ↑

Fairly Common, R Fairly R Common,

IUCN

- - IndianBaya - - - Woolly White - Crimson Barbet LargeBarbet Green Wryneck,Northern Wryneck Dabchick LargeCormorant

Wildlife Wildlife Protection Act; NT

Common, FC FC Common,

IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV

Population Population trends

Conservation Status: Conservation

Abundant, C Abundant,

------I - - - -

: A

na na and Flora, WPA

Frugivore; Frugivore;

ly ly preferred species);

LC LC LC LC NT LC LC VU NT LC LC LC LC

Abundance status Abundance

↑ ? ↑ → ↓ ? → ↓ ↓ → ↓ ? ↑

Insecti/Nectarivore, Insecti/Nectarivore, F

R A FC R R FC R FC R R R R R

Winter Migrant;

Schedule Schedule IV of IWPA (moderate

Grainivore, Grainivore, In/N

F C In O O O In C C F In C C

Piscivore, Piscivore, G

Summer Migrant, WM Summer Migrant,

R R WM R R SM R R R R WM R WM

(J.F. (J.F.

Herbivore, Herbivore, P

Resident, SM Resident,

Convention Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fau

(Vieillot, (Vieillot,

Carnivore, Carnivore, H

Schedule Schedule I of IWPA (highly preferred species), IV

1.75

0.88

Phylloscopus collybitaPhylloscopus (Vieillot,1817) Ploceusphilippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) Laticillaburnesii (Blyth, 1844) Orioluskundoo Sykes, 1832 pondicerianus Tephrodornis (J.F. 1789) Gmelin, Ciconiaepiscopus (Boddaert,1783) Mycterialeucocephala (Pennant,1769) Psilopogonhaemacephalus (Statius 1776) Muller, Psilopogonzeylanicus Gmelin, 1788) Jynxtorquilla Linnaeus, 1758 Tachybaptusruficollis (Pallas, 1764) Microcarboniger 1817) Phalacrocoraxcarbo (Linnaeus, 1758)

Residential status: Residential

0.88

Omnivore, Omnivore, C

1.75

0.88

1.75

0.88

Vulnerable, Vulnerable, I

0.88

Insectivore, Insectivore, O

Unknown. Unknown.

VentedGrass Bab-

…..

Stable, ? Stable,

Least Least Concern, VU

→

Relative Diversity Index Value; Index Diversity Relative

Contd

Coppersmith Barbet Coppersmith Little Cormorant CommonChiffchaff Weaver Baya Rufous bler IndianGolden Oriole WoodshrikeCommon WoollyneckAsian PaintedStork Headed Brown Barbet WryneckEurasian LittleGrebe Great Cormorant

Feeding Feeding guild:

Rare;

14.16. Phylloscopidae (1), RDi value (1), 14.16.RDi Phylloscopidae 102. (1), 14.17.Ploceidae value RDi 103. value RDi (1), 14.18.Pellorneidae 104. (1), 14.19.Oriolidae value RDi 105. 14.20. Vangidae value RDi (1), 106. Family=1) Species=2No. of and 15.(No. of CICONIIFORMES 15.1.value RDi (2), Ciconiidae 107. 108. 16. of and of Species=3 Families=2) PICIFORMES(No. No. value (2), 16.1. Megalaimidae RDi 109. 110. value RDi 16.2.(1), Picidae 111. Family=1) No. of of and Species=1 17.(No. PODICIPEDIFORMES value RDi 17.1.(1), Podicipedidae 112. Family=1) No. 18. of and of Species=2 SULIFORMES(No. value RDi 18.1.(2), Phalacrocoracidae 113. 114.

RDi RDi value: – ion for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, CITES threatened, LC Decreasing, Table 1.Table

602

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Kalesar National Park, Haryana (Rai et al., 2017b); threatened (NT) and the single species as Vulnerable Gibe Sheleko National Park, South-western Ethiopia (VU). Species such as Black-Tailed Godwit Limosa (Desta et al., 2020); Sheikh Badin National Park, Khy- limosa; Black-Headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocepha- ber (Ullah et al., 2021), order Passeriformes was the lus; Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria; Whisk- most prevalent taxa of avifauna in different areas. Due ered Tern Chlidonias hybrida; Rufous-Vented Grass- to their ability to use a wide range of habitats and con- Babbler Laticilla burnesii; Painted Stork Mycteria leuco- sume varied food items such as grains, nuts, floral buds, fruits, nectar and invertebrates, passerines species encompasses high diversity in an area (Beresford et al., 2005). Analysis of RDi (Relative diversity) results revealed Scolopacidae as a highly diverse family pos- sessing 11 species and the greatest RDi value, i.e., 9.65, in contrast to other families. The presence of food in large quantities plays a crucial role in revealing the existence of specific species in an area. The result of feeding guild of observed species revealed Carnivores (35 species) as highly dominated guild followed by In- sectivores (32 species); Omnivores (26 species); Grainivores (6 species); Herbivores (6 species); Fru- givores (5 species); Insecti/Nectarivores (3 species) and Piscivores (one species). The maximum number of Fig. 3. Comparison of residential status and abundance carnivorous bird species represents that the lake pro- status of species recorded in and around Ottu reservoir, vides enormous food assets in terms of amphibians, District Sirsa, Haryana (India). crustaceans, fishes, reptiles and another non-insect invertebrate as well as vertebrates species (Kumar and Gupta, 2013; Jamwal et al., 2017; Kumar and Sharma, 2018; Sohil and Sharma, 2020). Out of recorded 114 species, 76 species were Resident; 30 Winter migrants and 8 summer migrants (Table 1). Some of the migratory species were Eurasian wigeon Mareca Penelope; Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis; Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus; Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago; Rosy Starling Pastor roseus,; Black Tailed Godwit Li- mosa limosa; Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea; Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca; Great Cormorant Pha- lacrocorax carbo; Common Hawk cuckoo Hierococcyx varius; Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirur- Fig. 4. Relationship between population trends and abun- gus. Earlier record in Ottu Lake, Sirsa, Haryana docu- dance status of species documented in and around Ottu mented 64 migratory species constituting 57 winter reservoir, District Sirsa, Haryana (India). migrants and 7 summer migrant (Goyal et al. 2014). Studies such as Rai et al. (2017a) on Basai wetland; Chopra et al. (2017) on Bhindawas bird sanctuary; Rai et al. (2019) on Basai wetland; Vishwakarama et al. (2020) on Kopra reservoir revealed the presence of a maximum number of migratory birds in winter season in accordance with other respective seasons. Kumar et al. (2016) also recorded highest number of winter migratory species from Rural ponds of Kurukshetra, Haryana, being the presence of their study site on Central Asian Flyway. Being located on CAF (Central Asian Flyway) selected study site Ottu Reservoir, Sirsa also serves as most preferred wintering area for migrant avifaunal diversity that breeds in Palaearctic region of biogeo- Fig. 5. Relationship between residential status and popu- graphic realms. lation trends of species recorded in and around Ottu reser- On the basis of IUCN Red list Criteria, 107 species voir, District Sirsa, Haryana (India). were observed as Least concern (LC); six were Near 603

Rai, D. and Vanita / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 13(2), 593 - 606 (2021) cephala were Near-Threatened (NT) whereas Asian trends need to be prioritized for extensive monitoring Woollyneck Ciconia episcopus was Vulnerable (VU). and other threatened species. A proper management Three species such as Shikra Accipiter badius, Black plan should be made at objective and secondary levels, kite Milvus migrans and Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea emphasizing wetland protection and sustainable use, leucorodia were documented under Schedule-I and the as the lake is home to a huge number of bird species. remaining 111 species under Schedule-IV of Wildlife Conclusion Protection Act (IWPA,1972). Six species from the re- The present study provides information about the eco- ported avian species fall under various categories of logical characteristics of Ottu reservoir, which serves as CITES (2012) presenting Appendix-II (i.e. includes five heaven for 114 avian species (18 orders, 47 families species) and Appendix-I (i.e. include single species), and 91 genera), sustaining serenity, contiguity of river, respectively. In the present study, Rufous-Vented diverse habitat, vast aquatic area, agricultural fields, Grass-Babbler Laticilla burnesii was also recorded by nutrient-rich water and other environmental conditions. us during one year study period in the study area as Recorded data of 114 bird species at the reservoir can well as by others in district sirsa claiming its last sight- be used as baseline data for assessing future perspec- ing in October 2003 (Prayag Arora- Desai, 2019). Data tives and proper management plans for wetland protec- on the abundance status of reported (residential and tion and its sustainable use. Long-term monitoring of migratory) species figured out that 16 species were avifaunal composition in this area will act as excellent abundant, 21 were common, 17 were fairly common means to determine the effects of anthropogenic pres- and 60 were rare in the area. The abundance status of sures and implement conservation strategies of the a species in a region is determined by the composition Ottu reservoir, Sirsa (Haryana). of the vegetation that forms a major component of the habitat (Block and Brennan, 1993). A comparison of ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS residential status of observed species with abundance status revealed that of 76 resident species, 10 species Our sincere thanks to the Department of Zoology, Ku- were abundant, 16 commons, 9 fairly common and 41 rukshetra University, Kurukshetra, for providing the rare; among 30 winter migrants: 4 species were abun- requisite facilities. We are thankful to the CSIR for dant, 4 common, 7 fairly common and 15 rare and Of 8 awarding the JRF Fellowship for this research. Summer migrants: 2 species abundant, 1 common, 1 fairly common and 4 rare (Fig. 3). Depending on the Conflict of interest abundance status, appropriate conservation planning is The authors declare that they have no conflict of essential for maintaining these rare species' diversity in interest. the study area. 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