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Mineral Resources of the Uncompahgre Primitive Area Colorado

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Mineral Resources of the Uncompahgre Primitive Area Colorado Mineral Resources of the Uncompahgre Primitive Area Colorado By R. P. FISCHER and R. G. LUEDKE, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, and M. J. SHERIDAN and R. G. RAABE, U.S. BUREAU OF MINES STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS PRIMITIVE AREAS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1261-C An evaluation of the mineral potential of the area UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON -. 1968 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 STUDIES BELATED TO WILDERNESS PRIMITIVE AREAS Pursuant to the Wilderness Act (Public Law 88-577, Sept. 3, 1964) and the Conference Report on Senate bill 4, 88th Congress, the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines are making mineral surveys of wilderness and primitive areas. Areas officially designated as "wilder­ ness," "wild," or "canoe" when the act was passed were incorporated into the National Wilderness1 Preservation System. Areas classed as "primitive" were not included in the Wilderness System, but the act provided that each primitive area should be studied for its suitability for incorporation into the Wilderness System. The mineral surveys constitute one aspect of the suitability studies. This bulletin reports the results of a mineral survey in the Uncompahgre primitive area, Colorado. The area discussed in the report corresponds to the area under consideration for wilderness status. It is not identical with the Uncompahgre Primitive Area as defined because modifications of the boundary have been proposed for the area to be considered for wilderness status. The area that was studied is referred to in this report as the Uncom­ pahgre primitive area. This bulletin is one of a series of similar reports on primitive areas. CONTENTS Page Summary. _____.__-___-_____...._._--___________...__.__-_--._____ Cl Introduction. _ __ _ _______________________________________________ 2 Geology and mineral resources, by R. P. Fischer and R. G. Luedke._.___ 5 Geology. _________'_____________________________.-_____-_______ 5 Precambrian rocks_______________________________________ 5 Paleozoic rocks...________--___-._____--__.______----_-____ 7 Mesozoic rocks.___________________________________________ 8 Rocks of Late Cretaceous or early Tertiary age,______________ 10 Cenozoic rocks ________________________________________ _ _ _ _ 10 Structure and geologic history__._..__._.__-_____.._._...__ 13 Sampling and analytical results.._________.--_---_-_____-___-___ 15 Mineral resources..___ _________________________________________ 17 Ouray area____j______________________-.__________________ 19 Mount Sneff els-Red Mountain Creek area.___________________ 24 Red Mountains area,______________________________________ 25 Engineer Mountain-Red Mountain Creek area._______________ 29 Wetterhorn Peak-Henson Creek area_________________________ 30 Cow Creek and Cimarron Creek area._______________________ 31 Dallas Creek area.________________________________________ 32 Individual mineral commodities.____________________________ 32 Commodities of recorded production._______-_-_-____-___ 33 Gold....... _________________..___.__._..._..____... 33 Silver____________________________________________ 34 Lead...---_-_____-_______--______-_-------__-.___ 34 Zinc._.-_-_______________________.____.___.._._.. 34 Copper. -___--__-_-_________________-.--__-__---___ 35 Bismuth. __________________________________________ 35 Fluorspar_______.__,_ '^. _-_ .___>______________________ 36 Iron. ________._\.__._._l_.L_.:____i_:,:___--___-_______ 36 Sand and gravel...________________________________ 37 Tungsten.________________________________________ 37 Uranium_ __-___._..___._____.__.____.-._--._.-__- 37 Elements of economic potential or geologic interest._______ 38 Antimony, arsenic, and cadmium.___________________ 38 Beryllium. _______________________________________ 38 Cobalt and nickel____------.__-.___-----_---_------ 38 Molybdenum. ____________________________________ 38 Tin................._.___.___...._. _.._._..._._._ 39 Economic appraisal, by M. J. Sheridan and R. G. Raabe_____.__..___ 40 Claim coverage and mine workings._____________________________ 40 Patented claims.__________________________________________ 40 Unpatented claims.___________._-____.____-______-____---- 40 Relationship of underground mine workings to the primitive-area boundary_ ____________________________________________ 41 v VI CONTENTS Economic appraisal, by M. J. Sheridan and R. G. Rabbe Continued Page History and production.__-______-_-_-__________---_---_--_-__- C41 Early activities....______.___________-___--_-___----_-_-_-_ 41 History of ore-treatment plants serving the San Juan region. _ _ _ 46 Local custom milling facilities.--__-______---___.__-_____ 47 Direct-shipping ores.__________________________________ 48 Currently producing mines________________________________ 49 Camp Bird, Colorado,,Inc_---_-_---__--_------__-----__ 49 Idarado Mining Co______________-___-____-___-__----_. 51 Reserves and potential..____..____-_________-^____-_--__.--___-. 55 Metals and minerals.______________________________________ 55 Leasing Act minerals_^________--___--._-___.___--__-_-_-_ 56 Government activities._____________---__-___--__---_-__-___-__ 56 References cited-________________________________________________^_ 58 ILLUSTRATIONS Page PLATE 1. Geologic map of the Uncompahgre primitive area___ In pocket 2. Sample-localities map of the Uncompahgre primi­ tive area._____________________________________ In pocket 3. Map showing the approximate location of mines and claims, Uncompahgre primitive area_____________ In pocket FIGURE 1. Index map showing location of the Uncompahgre primi­ tive area, topographic quadrangles, and main and secondary roads..-..__ _---_-_______-______,___-__ C3 2. Map showing the approximate eastern erosional edge of Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary beds in the Uncompahgre primitive area and adjoining country. _ 7 3. Diagrammatic geologic cross section through the Ouray area.___________________________________________ 10 4. Map showing major structural features and intrusive igneous bodies in and near the Uncompahgre primitive area _____'_______________________________________ 12 5. Map showing areas of mines and prospects in the San Juan Mountains region and the Uncompahgre primitive area.____-__-__---__-________-____________--____ 18 6. Map showing geographic subdivisions of the Uncompahgre primitive area and adjacent country._______________ 20 7. Generalized map of the Ouray area, showing relations of mineralization to The Blowout stock._______________ 21 8. Map showing the productive deposits generally classified as the pipe type in the Red Mountains area and other nearby deposits yielding similar mineralized material or material of the vein type.____________ _ _ 28 9. Map showing distribution of representative samples of vein and mineralized material, altered rock, and un­ altered rock in which copper or lead predominate over one another...___________________________________ 36 10. Map showing distribution of samples containing detect­ able amounts of tin_-__-__-_________________-__--_ 39 CONTENTS VII Page FIGURE 11. Photograph showing view eastward from near Imogene Pass at an altitude of 13,365 feet.__________________ C42 12. Photograph of Idarado Mining Co. surface plant at portal of the Treasury tunnel along Red Mountain Creek and U.S. Highway 550, Ouray County __________________ 43 13. Photograph of Secondary road No. 26 along Sneffels Creek, Ouray County, showing part of the Camp Bird surface plant at the portal of the 14th level tunnel.--_ 44 14. Graph showing value of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc production from the Uncompahgre primitive area and a l}_-mile perimeter zone.____-_--___-___-_____ 46 15-19. Photographs: 15. Original stamp-amalgamation mill at Camp Bird, about 1903-_-----_-_--------------___---_ 50 16. Present Camp Bird 500-ton-per-day amalgama­ tion-flotation mill and surface plant at the portal of the 14th level tunnel._____________ 51 17. Portal of the Revenue tunnel and site of the former Revenue mill in Sneffels Creek_.___________________ 52 18. Pandora mill of the Idarado Mining Co. at the portal of the Mill Level tunnel, Telluride, San Miguel County__ 53 19. Bureau of Mines diamond drilling of the Cashier vein, Ross Basin, San Juan County, one-half mile south of the Uncompahgre primitive area, 1959._____________ 57 TABLES Page TABLE 1. Generalized table of rock units in the Uncompahgre primitive area__--__._____________________________ C6 2. Analyses of samples of Dakota Sandstone from south of The Blowout__-_-__--_-________-_--_....... ______ 23 3. Analyses of samples from the Uncompahgre primitive area.___________________________________________ 62 STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS PRIMITIVE AREAS MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE UNCOMPAHGRE PRIMITIVE AREA, COLORADO By R. P. FISCHER and E. G. LUEDKE, U.S. Geological Survey, and M. J. SHERIDAN and R. G. KAABE, U.S. Bureau of Mines SUMMARY A study of the mineral resources of the Uncompahgre primitive area, Colorado, was made in 1966 and 1967 by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines. The area is in the intensively mined, highly productive northwestern part of the rugged San Juan Mountains of south western., Colorado. Ouray, a historic mining town, is in the approximate center of the primitive area; Telluride, Silverton, and other small mining towns are nearby. The primitive area, enclosing
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