Northern Ireland Derry ~ Londonderry Trans/link The River is a divisive construct both in Derry~Londonderry and in Northern Ireland at large. Before the construction of the Foyle Bridge in the 1980s, the Carlisle Bridge was the only crossing, making the Foyle representative of the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Even with the three current local Foyle crossings, the river acts as a distancing factor between the majority of the sectarian populations. 1922 The Irish Free State was formed under the Anglo-Irish treaty, and Northern Ireland removed itself from the new state. It was effectively a republic, but was officially made so in 1949. 1967 The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association was formed (NICRA). 1968 August The Battle of Bogside between the RUC and Bogside residents was one of the first major confrontations of the Troubles. October The first civil rights protest march happens in Derry/Londonderry. December The IRA splits, forming the hardliner Provisional IRA 1971 Internment is announced. The Troubles 1972 January Bloody Sunday ends in 14 civilian deaths as British troops fire on unarmed protesters. March Northern Ireland is governed from Westminster under Direct Rule. 1974 The Prevention of Terrorism Act allows police emergency powers to arrest and detain suspected IRA members for up to 7 days. 1976 Political prisoner status is revoked. 1980 Hunger strikes begin in prisons. 1981 Bobby Sands is the first to die of starvation from hunger strikes over the removal of Political Prisoner status. His death sparks a surge of PIRA recruitment and violence. 1985 The Anglo-Irish agreement gives the Irish government an advisory role in the ruling of Northern Ireland. 1861 in county Religious distributionby 1991 in county Religious distributionby according to2011census inNorthernIreland Religious identity according to2011census inNorthernIreland National identity 1993 Sinn Fein are offered a seat in parliament providing an IRA cease fire. 1994 IRA cease fire. 1996 The IRA resume the conflict during peace talks in Belfast. Protestant Catholic 1998 The Good Friday agreement is made in Belfast both as a multi-party agreement by Northern Irish political parties and as an international agreemnet between British and Irish governments. The Bloody Sunday Inquiry was established, which would eventually result in the Saville Report. Irish British 2001 The PIRA start decommissioning. Territorial Acts Republicans In the historically republican area of Bogside, formal murals surround Free Derry Corner, where the violence of Bloody Sunday culminated. Throughout the area, Irish Republican flags are prevalent, as well as the informal graffiti of the BRY (Bogside Republican Youth) and the RIRA. Loyalists The march of the Orange Order makes its way across the bridge and through the predominantly Loyalist area of the Fountain Estate. The residents have marked the streets with Union Jack colours and other Unionist symbols. Painting and marching have added significance in a city with political unease amongst sectarian populations, and it becomes instinctive to ‘claim’ land as one’s own through these territorial acts. Crossing the Wall The design is intended to introduce another point of access to the wall, at the point of two intersecting boundaries: that of the historic city wall, and that of the modern peace line separating the Fountain from an otherwise heavily republican west bank. The route activates the dead spaces of both the bastion and the adjacent green space, and by creating a link between the two encourages interaction with the programme. How to Simply Exist Le Corbusier’s Cabanon defines the idea of the ‘pod’ for living, in terms of arrangement, circulation and the minimum articles required. 1:50 basic plan of the essentials in my pod: bed, bookcase, kettle, clothing rack, fridge and storage. Shower and WC facilities can be used from nearby establishments, from which meals can also be bought. Rain is a Blessing ly Ju A ugu June 21st st June 21st sunset - 22:15 sunrise - 04:50 e un S J e pt em b er R a i n f Soe Ker Tie or The Butterfly Huts by TYIN The wing-shaped rooves collect rainwater a ll Tegnestue. Dormitories for refugee children in Noh which can be stored and used for cleaning. : September 21st Bo on the Thai-Burmese border. September 21st sunrise - 07:15 sunset - 19:30 J u n m e m c 0 . 6 8 0 . m c r m e b m e t p e S prevailing winds from SW t s u g J u u A l y What is Home? Substance tests as a method of applying layers of paper to form a layered shell that would constitute a topographical map. Below are Skinned by KNOL Ontwerp: 2014 Serpentine Pavilion by Smiljan Radic. The images from light tests and samples of each material. fibreglass shell brings in a warm light. latex casts of derelict buildings form a transluscent membrane. The parameters were waterproofing, toxicity and durability. Polyx and varnish were the best against water but toxic or texturally unpleasant. Organic mixtures were generally useless against water, but this could be remedied with a shelter. Polyx Varnish PVA Overall, egg white provided the best texture and stiffness. Egg White Egg Heavy Polyx Light Polyx Flour Egg White Egg White Water PVA PVA would not go to According to a 2005 survey of 399 Protestant respondents: Waterloo Place where size of blue portion represents number of uneasy individuals would not go to Guildhall Square would go shopping in the Diamond ‘I wouldn’t like to think that we’re becoming a wee pocket here and we’ll be surrounded and then we’ll have to put up with what the Fountain has to put up with.’ would not ‘It’s like living in a cage, you can’t go anywhere.’ go to Foyle St. ‘I feel totally comfortable going to the Cityside to shop. I don’t know whether it’s my age or not being brought up in the height of the Troubles... I would go out and socialise in the Cityside; I’d go to the bars and socialise but obviously not all of them - there are some that are too nationalist.’ would go to Foyleside shopping centre feel safer living in predominantly private dwelling Protestant Exaggerated contours of Estimated contours of the neighbourhoods Derry ~ Londonderry ‘map of home’ community developments (schools, gov’t, etc.) commercial developments believe the Protestant community is confident enough to move back to the Cityside believe the ‘other’ community would like them ‘to move out of the city’ 80% feel unsafe or compared to 19% when scared walking in a walking through their Catholic area after own neighbourhood dark The Weaver’s Nest by Porky Hefer. Using willow lends itself to more curved or organic types of structure, especially if using live willow. Derry - Londonderry Wonderland In the listed grounds of Ebrington square: A place for participatory democracy to flourish, enabling all sectors of society to engage and participate. Existing Physical Structures Interiors of existing buildings around Ebrington Square: Most are shells, stripped or derelict. The structure of the building at the centre of the walled site can be seen from photographs taken through the window. The precise detailing can only be guessed from these. It can be assumed that no great expense has been taken in insulating this building, since it has previously only been used for storage. It will therefore need to be replaced or at least altered Ebrington barracks, 1998 for inhabitation. Enclosure by Fortification Liminal States Edge conditions constitute a significant phenomenon in Derry~Londonderry, both in the physical (wards, river, topographical) and in the historical. Ebrington Square exists in a condition at the brink of a complex history, as the former site of the army barracks, and a key space in a peaceful regeneration project. Conflict intensity at Belfast peace lines 2014 2012. Ebrington Square construction, since used for events such as Radio 1 Big Weekend and Fleadh 2013. 2011. Peace bridge construction. 2002. The area was finally demilitarised as a peaceful gesture. 1970. Due to the troubles, the site reverted to an army base and could house over 1000 1955 soldiers at the height of the conflict. The Edge of History 1933 Museum / Heritage buildings on the proposed site. 1914-18, 1939-45. Barracks in full use throughout the war. 1904 1904. The building inside the keep was built. 1873 2019 - onwards The derelict spaces around Ebrington Square are due to be filled to create a ‘new town centre’ for Derry ~ Londonderry 1854 1840. Ebrington barracks first constructed. 1831 1689. The first use of the site for military purposes. Then agricultural land, it went by ´Stronge´s Orchard´and was used by Jacobite forces during the siege of Derry to bombard the walled city. Wonderland Waterside Theatre Glendermott Road Recycling Centre Opened in 2001, the theatre complex was built in the Books, furniture, soil, derelict Ebrington Shirt textiles and raw building Factory. materials such as wood and metal are all recycled here. Retractable seating for 372 with the intention of stimulating arts and social life of the area. Echo Echo Dance Theatre A small dance company with an approach to dance theatre that involves participation programmes. The Millenium Forum The largest local purpose-built theatre, the forum hosts a range of events including theatre, music and comedy. AM noon PM The Playhouse June est. 1992 as a community-based space for the arts. AM noon PM December Development out of Dereliction where darker areas represent abandoned buildings The diptych play(s) House & Garden by Alan Ayckbourn are performed simultaneously on adjacent stages. Actors travel between the two to depict narratives that can be read individually or as a whole.