B y T E R R Y JE NKIN S

When I was about seventeen years old, I decided to get a wild pet. I wasn't too particular about what sort, at first, so long as it was wild. I spent my childhood deeply involved with animals, and wild ones were especially fuscinating to me. I had grown up with pet snakes, I had known of pet raccoons, and a pet opossum poking its head out of a knapsack had once made quite an impression on me, but that was about the extentof my experience. Finally I settled on a wolf, I think because of my particular interest in dogs. No one I knew of had ever even encountered a pet wolf, so firsthandexperience was prettymuch ont of the question. I foundvery little literature about wolves, but I read everything I could get my hands on, and none of it spoke against keeping them as pets. I came away realizing there was really very littleknown about wolves, and much of what was "known" was, in fuct,only assumed. There began to be more purpose behind my drearu.It would be a lifetime commitment,to learn all I could and to share what I learned. It was a bigger respon­ sibility than I ever drearued. So I knew what I wanted beforeI got Bonnie. I wanted her, first of all, to really know she was a wolf, so I arranged not to pick her up from the wo until she had opened her eyes and lived with her family for a time. I intended to raise her on my parents' furm,to socialize her to the chickens, horses, dogs, and numerous cats. It never occurred to me she might not be just another member of the faruily, like the dogs were. I expected she would ride in the back of my old Chevy pickup on outings to the lake with the dogs and me. And I wanted her to become an "aru­ bassador" wolf, like a couple of other wolves of which I had heard, so that she could teach children what the Big Bad Wolf was really like. What I got was an infuntcreature that knew beyond a doubt she was a wolf, that I was not, and that I was directly responsible for removing her from her rightful fumily! That first night home, she mourn-howledincessantly on the vast linoleum kitchen floor; but she also knew that a seventeen-pound tom cat was easy prey for a wolf cub that was all of twentydays old ( and weighed perhaps four pounds), so she bowled him over and attempted to disembowel him on the spot. The experience was one the cat and my family never forgot, and the first shadow of doubt began to creep in around the edges of my drearu. On the second night, when she was three weeks old,· I offeredher some cooked liver frommy plate "to see if wolves like cooked meat." The next moment, she had climbed up my leg like a cat, braced

HSUS NEWS• Winter 1991 her back against my chest, and arrived in fully dragged me toward battle, and my only tinguished dog would leave his desirable my plate, gobbling everything on it with recourse was to head out to deep water, genetic stamp on a litter of first-generation terrible growls! The fumily was in shock. where she swam strong circles around me, wolf hybrids. Of the fiveresulting exquisite In the followingdays, she began todominate with her head, hackles, and tail high above pups, one male was very wolflikeand wild. me, her little body rigid as she "rode up" water, roaring all the while. The Dober­ Afterhis new owner took him, he was never on whatever pmt of me was available, with mans' owners, eventually seeming to sense heard from again and could not be traced. fierce growls responding to every one of my there was somethingnot quite right, loaded One female, which I kept and of whose moves. Worried, I contacted the zookeeper, up their dogs and left. Finally, her future sweet nature I never had a doubt, was also some dog trainers, and a malamute breeder, as an ambassador wolf was not bright. exceptionally wolflike. Sadly, she figured wanting to know how to proceed. Their col­ Children always made her act like a big bad out how to climb over the overhang on the lectiveadvice was to "treat her like a mother wolf, and she was suspicious of adult wolf pen and was killed on the highway. My wolf would, pick her up by the scruff and strangers. heart aches forher still. About the remain­ shake her, throttle her, growl furociously, So there I was, with a maturing wolf that ing three I expect you will form your own make her knowyou're the boss!" There was fit none of the roles I had laid out so nicely judgments. no one else to call, no books to read, and for her. I found myself in the position so Alphie fulled in her first home as a pet, obviously I had to do something, so I took many disillusioned exotic-pet owners turning terribly shy by threemonths of age. their advice. What happened was that the reach-stuck withthe prospect of keeping Her second home, as a companion to an small wolf that had begun to trust me saw forlife a wild animal that was costly, asser­ adult pure wolf, lasted only until she began that I was not to be trusted, that I was tive, dangerous, and destructive and, al­ nipping at her owner's legs when he cleaned unreasonably violent, and was to be avoided though friendly to me within limits, not at the pen. Her third home lasted a full year. at all costs. Instead of submission and love all a "pet." It was unthinkable to destroy or She lived with Arrow, a three-quarters-wolf I got mistrust and defiance. So I did an get rid of Bonnie. We had grown very close. male that had been rescued but was too shy about-fuceand let things revert to the way I had learned many lessons during my to touch, as was she. They made a happy they had been. Bonnie happily dominated friendship with her. I knewnow that wolves, couple. Nothing was expected of them. But, me for the rest of her life. regardless of birthplace, are as . wild as the one day while the fumily was gardening, the At six weeks of age, Bonnie killed her storm blowing over the mountains, that they baby toddled over to the shy animals un­ first chicken. The act in itself was not ap­ are undeniably formidable predators, and noticed. Alphie grabbed him through the palling to me, since most puppies must first that they are not suitable as pets! I felt bad wire and shredded his arm. One hundred kill a chicken before learning it is the about having gotten a wolf for a pet in the stitches on a soft, tiny arm. Alphie was "wrong" thing to do. But, as I approached first place and wanted to do something to killed. I could only fanlt her owners fornot her to take away the chicken and discipline help keep other wolves out of the nightmare having a safetyfence to keep the child away. her, she lefther prey and came after me in of pet situations. Storm was big, soft, and beautifnl, and the most convincing display of aggression So what did I do? I launched into a wolf­ his human family was wonderful. He en­ I had ever seen. It was just about fivemin­ hybrid breeding program that was to span joyed free run of a large yard, got lots of utes beforeI made up my mind, once and a number of years and morelives than I care house time, and played gently with the for all, that it wasn't just a display, that it to place on this paper. At least two wolf­ children. But the owners never built the was going to be my responsibility to keep wise friends advised against this venture, maximum-securitypen I made them prom­ the chickens away from Bonnie, and that one out of hard-learned compassion, the ise to build, and, as luck would have it, training her was not in the picture. other out of concern for the reputation of Storm turnedout to be one of those hybrids By the time she was six months old, it wolves and the safetyof children,. But I be­ that did everything in the book. He jumped became obvious that she was going to be lieved I could do better than the dark over, then ripped through the fenceto play very selective about whom she liked, scenarios they forecast.What followsis only with the neighbor's dog. He ignored "hot" whether they were fumily members or not. a small portionof my experiences as a wolf­ wires. When his owner chained him as a Riding in the truck to the lake was another hybrid breeder. last resort, he ate not one but two holes in plan I scrapped in short order, and, although My intention was to find a mate forBon­ the fanrily's (rented) house large enough to she enjoyed many trips there during her first nie that could produce pups that were very admit him. His second home was in a large, two years, it was in a secure cage built onto wolflikein appearance, so theywould satisfy wolf-proof, L-shaped kennel with a pure the truck. During her third year, she became the urge to have an exotic pet, yet also very . wolf companion. Not shy of strangers, he seriously aggressive to unfamiliar dogs on doglike in temperament, and thereforesuit­ readily accepted his new owners. The en­ our outings. It became impossible to take able as pets. He must be able to produce tire yard was enclosed in six-footchainlink, her out by myself since she was so strong hybrid pups that were "safe" pets, since I but neighbors were over for a barbecue I could not hold her back, even thoughI was knew now that wolves were not. At last I withinthe yard, and their unattended child more than double her weight. On the last foundhim. To giak was.one of the sweetest, was climbing the kennel fence, when Storm occasion I did take her out alone, two gentlest Alaskan malamutes I've ever met, grabbed him and severely mangled his leg. foolish and unleashed Dobermans ap­ as well as an AKC champion with an ex­ Storm was spared the bullet and given to proached us down the beach. Bonnie glee- cellent background. I felt certain this dis- a breeder. He lived for eleven years and

20 HSUS NEWS • Winter 1991 sired hundreds of puppies. What are their might be getting! But even as I chose this the age of three. Although this is a home stories? huggy-soft malamute sire, I guess I knew for refugee animals, it is still a zoo, not a Blue-was the most doglike of the litter but, deep inside he couldn't do magic. Beyond refuge, operated with citydollars, and under from the age of three weeks, his tempera­ a doubt, he was safe. His hybrid puppies a master plan, which means we can offer ment was cold steel. He was _cautious of new were not. There is no such thing as a "safe" refuge to perhaps a lesser number of animals people but feared them not a bit. At three animalto cross with a wolf. The wolf is first than could a private refuge. Most of the months of age, he began lifting his leg to and foremost a formidablepredator, and if animals living here had only euthanasia in urinate. At six months he had begun testing not even thousands of years of domestica­ their future, and most of the hundreds of any adult but me, looking into their faces tion have made him thoroughly safe (as animalswe turn away are killed. During the while jabbing and pinching their legs. At evidenced by the many unsafe dogs we all first three years, the animals most oftenof ­ nine months, I knew beyond doubt that he have known), how can anyone expect to feredto the wo were yearling raccoons,but, was dangerous to children. When he was a undo in one generation, or several, what over the last five years, the wolf hybrid has year into his life, people were often terrified nature spent millions perfecting? risen to this ill-fatedstation. Frequently we of him-even though he was securely My career as a breeder came to a close. receive requests forinformation about how penned: his defiant stance and cold, pale More often than not, I now voice a strong to handle a difficult situation with a wolf yellow stare could make your skin crawl. opinion about hybrids not being suitablepets hybrid. More oftenit is a desperate plea for More thanone person advised me todestroy ' and try to convince other breeders to see a home for an animal that has turned out him before "something happens." I the tragedy their programs are causing. I to be nothing like theowner expected,more refused-I loved him and knewhe liked me. have kept my own animals all these years like a wild animal than he/she is prepared Besides, he was BOnnie's favorite! Beautiful (Bonnie died just shy of sixteen years) but to handle, and a big problem the owners he was, so powerful in a slate blue coat. not without price. After seeing all the trials need to unload. The zoo now has a perma­ Destroy my Blue? Never! But, during his and tragedy we imposed on the wolves­ nent exhibit of wolf hybrids as an educa­ third year, he began to threaten me when and they imposed on us-friends_and fam­ tional public service. Signs on the exhibit I spent daily time in the wolf pen. He was ily members made it clear they felt we were tell the true, and unhappy, stories of the second ranking in a group of seven other foolish to drag around "those animals." hybrids within and stress the serious draw­ wolves and hybrids. My routine involved Finding a home where you may keep them backs of such animals as pets. I know the cleaning up the large wooded pen, thenjust is not easy, whether renting or buying. strategy helps, but it reaches so few, and sitting and visiting or watching the animals, Every place we lived with the wolves and most of thoseit does reac.h believe, as I did, sometimes joining in their games. Long hybrids-and, I regret to say, there were that they can do it better. before, I had learned(the hard way) to stay many-we had neighbor trouble. Wolves The strongest and most painful lessons I out of dominance struggles, so I was no cause suspicion in neighbors, whetherthey have learnedare the ones I am most grateful threat to Blue. But he began circling me, are next door in town or twentymiles down for. Now I know the far-reaching respon­ staring in my eyes and waiting. It got to the mountain and just happen to own a sibilities one assumes when one "owns" an where I had to sit with my back against a wilderness parcel near yours! Permits to animal, especially a wild one, and I am fence and always carry the poop scoops, to keep the wolves do not protect you from committed to sharingthat knowledgefor the brandish and keep him back. I had a cold, neighbors who are either unnerved by the good of people and animals alike. Mine is sick feeling in my gut. My husband, Dan, presence of wolves in the area or object to a personal hell, fornot only do I have many was wonied about me going in while he was theirsinging. We were called on to defend regrets about what I have done, but often at work. Finally Blue fought, beat, and the wolves in court, in public hearings, and the animals I must turn away to an uncer­ nearly killed the alpha Diamond. With Blue in the local newspaper. They were accused tainfuture are, in fact, descendants of pups as alpha, I could never enter the pen again, of howling (true), getting loose and wreak­ I once sold. I am directly responsible for and I. knew he would shortly finish offthe ing havoc (false), causing chickens a mile their tragedies, but the only atonement I can ever gentleDiamond. I shot him as he stared away to die of fright (fulse), and of causing offeris in speaking out against the animals down at me from the highest platform,his the bears, mountainlions, and golden eagles I so dearly love. ■ new throne. When I entered the pen to re­ to leave the vicinity (preposterous)! move his, finally, "safe" body, the wolves . Finally, in 1982, I came to work at the Terry Jenkins, her husband, Dan, and were all gentle and mellow. It seemed they FolsomCity Zoo, a small zoo in Northern daughtersLena and Ma,y Ruth live in Cal­ had expected this. Californiawhich houses a number of non­ iforniawith a number of animals, including It wasn't Togiak's fault. It wasn't Bonnie's releasable NorthAmerican native animals two mustangs and a dwindling pack of fault. It wasn't even their puppies' fault. It and, notably, discarded wild-animal pets. wolves and hybrids. At the Folsom City Zoo was mine, for selling wolf-hybrid time Here I have been witness to the tragicstories she concentrates on improving the animals' bombs to people who refusedto believe the of CO\Jntless unfortunate wild-animal pets. living conditions and developing the zao's warnings I steadfastly sewed into each sale. My experience with wolves and hybrids credo, ''Animals are not disposable.'' The I was so pickyin selecting the right homes! and, now, the zoo, has led me to realize that Jenkinses also ownWalking J,W;lf, a business I was so careful to educate prospective the majority of exotic pets (and here I in­ producing animal-oriented art, embossed buyers about what they were getting, or clude hybrids) are dead before they reach stationery, and jewelry. HSUS NEWS• Winter 1991 21