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Cestóides Pseudophyllidea Parasitos De Peixe Sapo-Pescador, Lophius Gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 Comercializados Nos Muni

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Cestóides Pseudophyllidea Parasitos De Peixe Sapo-Pescador, Lophius Gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 Comercializados Nos Muni Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., v.63, n.4, p.1033-1038, 2011 Communication [Comunicação] Cestodes Diphyllobothriidea parasitizing blackfin goosefish, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915 [Cestoides Diphyllobothriidea parasitos de peixe sapo-pescador, Lophius gastrophysus Miranda-Ribeiro, 1915] M. Knoff1, S.C. São Clemente2, M.C.G. Fonseca1, N.N. Felizardo1, R.M. Pinto1, D.C. Gomes1 1Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Avenida Brasil, 4365 21045-900 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ 2Faculdade de Veterinária - Universidade Federal Fluminense - Niteroi, RJ The Lophius gastrophysus (Miranda-Ribeiro, al., 2008) and their plerocercoid larvae, when 1915) species come from the State of Rio de compared, to show morphological differences Janeiro, Brazil, to Argentina and are the only other than the maximum total length. Other representing Lophiiformes fishe found in the relevant aspects may be taken into consideration, Brazilian Southeast region (Figueiredo and such as the morphological aspect of the tegument Menezes, 1978). The species is highly valuable surface, the length of the microtrichies, the in Brazil, mainly for exportation purposes and format of the scolex, the degree of its due to its great acceptance in the international invagination, the histological arrangement of the market and the increasing opportunities for muscular bundles, and even the infection site exportation to Europe. (Dick and Poole, 1985). Diphyllobothriidea cestodes, mainly the Regarding the blackfin goosefish, despite its Diphyllobothriumspecies, as is widely known, is commercial importance, there are few data on the very important for public health, since they are helminths of this host, including those that can responsible for the accidental settling of human be harmful to health or cause economic losses, diphyllobothriasis. In the intermediate fish hosts, since to date there is only a single record of the diphyllobothriasis can cause disease and Trypanorhyncha cestodes infecting this fish death in natural conditions and breeding species (São Clemente et al., 2007). (Rahkonen et al., 1996). In humans, this zoonosis can appear after they feed on raw fish The aim of this investigation was to identify the meat, or poorly cooked or smoked, or submitted diphyllobothriid cestodes parasitizing specimens to inadequate freezing conditions that favors the of L. gastrophysus in the State of Rio de Janeiro survical of the Diphyllobothrium larvae (Scholz through the morphological and morphometric et al., 2009). The classification of marine characterization with respective parasitic indexes Diphyllobothrium species is somewhat confusing related to prevalence, mean intensity, and mean and the descriptions of Diphyllobothrium species abundance of infection. of plerocercoids, whenever available, are incomplete (Andersen et al., 1987) and thus, From March 2000 to December 2005, 87 require detailed morphological and specimen of the blackfin goosefish Lophius morphometric studies of these larval forms. gastrophysus were obtained from fishermen, Diphyllobothrium latum (Linnaeus, 1758), D. markets, and fish exportation facilities in the dendriticum (Nitzsch, 1824) and D. pacificum municipalities of Cabo Frio (39 specimen), (Nybelin, 1931) are the species referred in South Niteroi (34 specimen), Duque de Caxias (six America, causing diphyllobothriasis (Knoff et specimen), and Rio de Janeiro (eight specimen). Recebido em 1 de agosto de 2010 Aceito em 23 de março de 2011 E-mail: [email protected] Knoff et al. After being purchased, the specimen were intensity, and mean abundance of transported in isothermal containers with ice to Diphyllobothrium sp. in the blackfin goosefish the Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de was 2.3%, 1, and 0.02, respectively. Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro (LHPV/IOC/FIOCRUZ), to be Description of Diphyllobothrium sp., based on investigated for helminths. The identification of two specimen, with measurements, in one: body fish was in accordance with Figueiredo and smooth, slightly rugose, 1.2cm long, 0.1cm wide. Menezes (1978). For recovery procedures, Scolex introverted, inconspicuous, under specimen were eviscerated; the organs and stereomicroscope, only observed under bright abdominal musculature were transferred to field microscopy, was 0.27mm long, 0.75mm individual Petri dishes with a 0.65% NaCl wide (Figure 2.1), frontal glands present in the solution to be examined under a stereoscope scolex, reaching up to 1/3 of the body. Bothrial microscope. The filets, obtained after an incision swelling 0.20mm long. Microtriches hardly from near the opercula to the insertion of the observed, 2.5-5 (3.75) µm (Figure 2.2). caudal fin, were observed through a candling Transversal histological cross-sections in the table. Cestodes were processed for study in middle region of the body showed a not so thick accordance with Eiras et al. (2006). A larva was external epiderm, epidermic longitudinal observed under a bright field Olympus BX-41 musculature in a single layer, and parenchymal microscope and measures were related to body longitudinal musculature well developed in the and scolex length and width and length of the anterior region, becoming less developed near bothrial swelling. The movements of one of the the posterior portion (Figures 2.3-4). worms that was recovered alive were recorded by a digital still camera Sony MVC-FD92 to Representative specimen was deposited in the permit the tracking of its displacement. The CHIOC under no. 37182a (with both body middle portion of the body was embedded in extremities) and 37182b (HE histological paraffin, processed for histological studies, sections of the middle of the body). This is the cross-sectioned (7m thick), stained with first report of Diphyllobothrium sp. plerocercoids haematoxylin-eosin (HE), and observed under an infecting specimens of L. gastrophysus. Olympus BX-41 bright field microscope, for the analysis of internal structures of taxonomic The observed morphological characteristics interest. Another portion of the plerocercoid, related to the small-sized; retracted scolex; with scolex and part of the body, was stained the bothrial swellings; the inconspicuous with Langeron’s carmine and preserved as whole microtriches; the frontal glands in the scolex, mount in Canada balsam. Photomicrographs extending to 1/3 of the body; and the epidermic were obtained in an Axiophot Zeiss bright field longitudinal musculature in a single layer are microscope. The taxonomic classification was very similar to those described in D. latum by based on Andersen and Gibson (1989) and Andersen and Gibson (1989). Kuchta et al. (2008), and the parasitological indexes were according to Bush et al. (1997). A Diphyllobothrium plerocercoids parasitizing representative specimen of the cestode was teleost fishe in Brazil are poorly known. deposited in the Coleção Helmintológica do Recently, Knoff et al. (2008), observed larval Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (CHIOC), Rio de Diphyllobothrium cestodes in the cusk-eel, Janeiro, RJ. Genypterus brasiliensis Regan, 1903. The larvae observed so far were similar to D. dendriticum, Investigated fish specimen were parasitized with with a pseudo-segmented rugose body, with Diphyllobothrium sp. plerocercoids that were conspicuous developing genital apparatus in found in the intestinal serosa and abdominal most of the specimen, that were 4.0-2.29 (1.30) cavity (Figure 1.1). One of the worms was cm long, 0.13-0.29 (0.17) cm wide, scolex 0.065- recovered alive and showed intense activity 0.13 (0.10) cm long and 0.067-0.16 (0.12) cm when transferred to a Petri dish with a 0.65% wide, bothrial swelling 0.04-0.10 (0.16) cm long, NaCl solution (Figure 1.2), thus permitting the microtriches 7.5-11.25 (10) µm long, different tracking of the specimen displacement (Figure from the presently observed material shared 1.3 a-d). The prevalence of the parasitism, mean closest characteristics with D. latum. 1034 Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., v.63, n.4, p.1033-1038, 2011 Cestodes Diphyllobothriidea... Figure 1. Plerocercoid of Diphyllobothrium sp. 1: Abdominal cavity with plerocercoid, bar = 1cm. 2: Petri dish with 0.65% NaCl solution with the plerocercoid after the collect, bar = 1cm. 3: Sequence a-d permitting the tracking of plerocercoid displacent in a Petri dish with 0.65% NaCl solution, bar = 1cm. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., v.63, n.4, p.1033-1038, 2011 1035 Knoff et al. Figure 2. Plerocercoid of Diphyllobothrium sp. 1: Detail of anterior extremity showing introverted scolex, bar = 100µm. 2: Detail of tegument indicating the microtriches (M), bar = 20µm. 3: Transversal histological cross-section in the middle region, bar = 200µm. 4: Detail of 2.3 showing external epiderm (EE), epidermic longitudinal musculature (ELM), and parenchimal longitudinal musculature (PLM) well developed, bar = 200µm. Cases of human infection with diphyllobothriid ingestion of raw, poorly cocked or smoked fish cestodes of the Diphyllobothrium genus, mainly meat (Knoff et al., 2008; Mezzari and D. latum, have been reported in Brazil, with the Wiebbelling, 2008). It reinforces the importance statement that the transmission of of the study of larval cestodes in Brazilian fishe, diphyllobothriasis has occurred after the since in the present investigation, the 1036 Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., v.63, n.4, p.1033-1038, 2011 plerocercoid larva was found alive in the host, to be considered a major risk factor, since it thus permitting to observe the movement and promotes the appearance
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