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Other Austrians Tamara Ehs.Pdf table of contents Thomas Gergen: Regionalsprachen in Frankreich: Zersplitterung der einheitlichen Republik? . .2 Sebastian Krafzik: Licet iuris – Gefecht um die Macht zwischen Kaiser und Papst . 6 Christoph Schmetterer: Rechtsvorschriften zur Hausnummerierung in Österreich von 1770 bis heute . 11. Tamara Ehs: The Other Austrians . 16. Tamás Nótári: Some Remarks on ius vitae ac necis and ius exponendi . 28. Magdolna Gedeon: Juristische Regelung der Einführung und der Organisation der Zirkusspiele im alten Rom bis zur Prinzipatszeit . .39 . Eszter Cs. Herger: Alimony in Hungarian Family Law in the 19th Century . 43. Gábor Schweitzer: Legal Education and Ethos of the Legal Profession in Hungary in the Civil Era . 51. Norbert Varga: The Codification of the Law of Conflict of Interest (incompatibilitas) in Hungary in the 19th Century . 55. Alberto Iglesias Garzón: Reformation of Law Administration in Jean Domat‘s Masterworks . 59. Magdolna Szűcs: “Creditor rem sibi oppignoratam a debitore emere non potest” (Brev . IP . 2, 12, 6) . .65 . Mirela Krešić: Entitlement of Female Descendants to Property of Croatian Communal Household . .73 . Przemysław Dąbrowski: Union of Brest and its Dissolution on the Territories of the Congress Kingdom of Poland, Belarusian and Lithuanian Lands . 86. Anna Klimaszewska: General Principles in the Commercial Code of France of 1807 . 91. Jakub H. Szlachetko: The Geopolitical Thought of Józef Piłsudski and his Political Camp Concerning Central Europe in Comparison to the Achievements of Other Political Centers . 95. Kamila Kędzierska: The Internal Organization and Supervision as Vital Issues in Post-War County Administration in Poland . 100. Michaela Uhlířová: Punishments Connected with Person of Offender in Selected Countries Editorial staff JOURNAL of Ancient World . 105. ON EUROPEAN HISTORY OF LAW: Magda Schusterová: Präambel im Fokus –Anmerkungen zum Vorspruch JUDr. PhDr. Stanislav Balík des Podiebradschen Friedensvertrages . 110. Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic Bohumil Poláček: A Brief History of River Navigation in Bohemia up to the 19th Century – Part 1 . 117. Prof. Dr. Mezey Barna Lucie Bendová Bednářová: The Crime of the „Forced Abortion“ before the Regional Court Eötvös-Loránd-University Budapest, Hungary in Olomouc in the Second Half of the Eighties and in the First Half of the Nineties Doc. JUDr. PhDr. Jiří Bílý, CSc. of the Nineteenth Century . 125. Metropolite – University Prague, Czech Republic Katarína Fedorová: Justices of the Peace in the Judicial Reform of Tsar Alexander II . 134. Alberto Iglesias Garzón, Ph.D. Charles III University of Madrid, Spain book reviews Prof. JUDr. Ignác Antonín Hrdina, DrSc. Beiträge zur Rechtsgeschichte Österreichs . Thomas Olechowski, Christoph Schmetterer (Hrg .), Faculty of Law, Westbohemia University, Plzeň, Band 1/2011: Testamente aus der Habsburgermonarchie: Alltagskultur, Recht, Überlieferung . 139. Czech Republic reports from history of law JUDr. Vilém Knoll, Ph.D. Faculty of Law, Westbohemia University, Plzeň, Anti-Semitic Legislation in Slovakia and in Europe (Report from a Conference) . 141. Czech Republic 200 Years of ABGB – from the Codification to the Recodification of Czech Civil Law, Doc. dr. sc. Mirela Kresic 2nd – 3rd June 2011 . 142. Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Croatia Konferenz „Die Entwicklung des Privatrechts auf dem Gebiet der Tschechischen Republik“ . 143. Conference of Doctoral Students from the Department of the History of the State Doc. Dr. Olga Lysenko Faculty of Law, Lomonosov Moscow State and Law at the Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Dated 30th June, 2011 . 144. University, Russia Viva Voce Examination Report . 145. ao. Univ. Prof. Dr.jur. Christian Neschwara Annex: The Development of Private Law throughout Faculty of Law, University of Vienna, Austria the Czech Territory Dr. Dmitry Poldnikov Faculty of Law, National Research University, Ladislav Vojáček: Geleitwort . 148. Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia Petr Dostalík: The Term “Causa” in Roman Law and in the Later Legal Science . 150. Miroslav Frýdek: Influence of Roman Law on the Law of Obligations according Doc. JUDr. Karel Schelle, CSc. Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Brno, to ABGB – the Comparison of Selected Contract Types . 156. Czech Republic Naďa Štachová: Law of Obligations in Light of the Bohemian Diplomatic Documents of the Thirteenth Century . 160. Dr. Gábor Schweitzer, Ph.D. Institute for Legal Studies Petra Jánošíková: Mining Business Pursuant to “Ius Regale Montanorum” in the 14th Century . 165. of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Stanislav Přibyl: ABGB und das kanonische Eherecht . 169. Adw. Ewa Stawicka Karel Schelle: Die Bedeutung des österreichischen Gesetzes über den Versicherungsvertrag Attorney at Law, Warsaw, Poland aus dem Jahre 1917 . 175. Pavel Salák: Die Ersitzung im tschechischen und römischen Recht . 181. Dr. Magdolna Szűcs, Ph.D. Faculty of Law, University of Novi Sad, Serbia Renata Veselá: Die Änderungen im Familienrecht in der Tschechoslowakei in der Zwischenkriegszeit . 185. Jaromír Tauchen: Die Einziehung des jüdischen Vermögens im Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren . 189. JUDr. Bc. Jaromír Tauchen, Ph.D., LL.M. Radovan Dávid: Czechoslovak Socialist Civil Law in the Years 1948 –1989 . 193. Eur.Integration (Dresden) Faculty of Law, Masaryk University, Brno, Ladislav Vojáček: A Few Remarks on the Origination and the Concept of the Labor Code of 1965 . 197. Czech Republic Radka MacGregor Pelikánová: History of the Czech Copyright Regulation . 201. JOURNAL ON EUROPEAN HISTORY OF LAW © 2011 STS Science Centre Ltd . All rights reserved . Neither this publication nor any part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retreival system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of STS Science Centre Ltd . Published semiannually by STS Science Centre Ltd . „Journal on European History of Law“ is a registered trademark of STS Science Centre Ltd . Issued twice a year . Printed in the EU . ISSN 2042-6402 2 Journal on European History of Law Regionalsprachen in Frankreich: Zersplitterung der einheitlichen Republik? * Thomas Gergen ** Abstract The two first articles of the French Constitution declare that the French concept of State creates a connection between the unity of State and language in order to strengthen social life. Our study sheds light on the way how regional languages and lesser used languages have been treated in French history until today. Since the “Ordonnance sur le fait de la justice” from Villers-Cotteręts, published in 1539 under François Ier, the French language is the symbol for national unity and predominant in justice, administration and government. France seems to keep being one of the most famous examples for the monolinguism because the French language remains the one and only official language. Key words: French constitution; Lesser used languages; Regional languages; “Ordonnance sur le fait de la justice” (Villers-Cotterêts, 1539). Die beiden ersten Artikel der Französischen Verfassung der Verfassung geschützt: Sie gehören damit zwar zum natio- sprechen deutlich aus, dass es nach französischem Staats- nalen Kulturgut, doch wird die Vorstellung einer einheitlichen verständnis einen starken Zusammenhang zwischen der Sprache in einem einheitlichen Staat weiterhin zugrunde gelegt staatlichen und der sprachlichen Einheit gibt, der der so- und durch die einheitliche französische Sprache verkörpert . zialen Kohäsion dienen soll. Wie dabei die Regional- bzw. Die Frage der Sprache in Frankreich kann unter zwei wesentli- weniger verbreiteten Sprachen in Frankreich im Laufe der chen Gesichtspunkten analysiert werden: Die der Bildung und Geschichte bis heute berücksichtigt wurden, ist Thema un- Bewahrung eines einheitlichen Staates (I) sowie die der Ver- seres Beitrages, der feststellen kann, dass Frankreich nach teidigung eines nationalen Kulturgutes, um die internationale wie vor ein prominentes Beispiel für den Monolinguismus Rangstellung des Staates zu sichern (II) . einer einzigen Amtssprache ist. Nach Artikel 1 der Französischen Verfassung von 1958 ist I. Die Bewahrung des einheitlichen Staates Frankreich eine ungeteilte Republik .1 Artikel 2 erklärt Fran- A. Historische Einigung Frankreichs: Die Ordonnanz von zösisch als Sprache dieser Republik und lässt mithin keine Villers-Cotterêts vom 10. August 1539 weitere(n) Sprache(n) zu: La langue de la République est le français . Diese Verfassungsnorm wird dadurch gerechtfertigt, Das Problem der Stellung der Sprachen entstand mit der dass Französisch lange im Wettbewerb mit anderen Sprachen historischen Einigung Frankreichs, vor allem durch die Ordon- stand . Schon im Ancien Régime bis in die 1950er Jahre war nanz von Villers-Cotterêts im Jahre 1539 . Nach Art . 111 dieser diese Furcht von „untreuen“ Minderheiten zu spüren: Wenn in „Ordonnance sur le fait de la justice“ waren Verträge, Urteile einer Region eine als fremd betrachtete Sprache benutzt wurde, und Gerichtsprotokolle „en langage maternel francoys et non so entstanden regelmäßig Befürchtungen vor republikuntreuen autrement“ abzufassen . War das Französische bis zu jenem Jahr bzw . königsuntreuen Untertanen, die für Nachbarstaaten ein bloß Amts- und Gerichtssprache der Ile-de-France, und damit Motiv schaffen könnten bzw . hätten schaffen können, Territo- ebenfalls nur Regionalsprache, wuchs die Bedeutung der fran- rialansprüche gegen Frankreich zu erheben . Die immer noch le- zösischen Sprache nunmehr
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