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Husbandry Guidelines for the Galah Eolophus Roseicapillus Aves

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Husbandry Guidelines for the Galah Eolophus Roseicapillus Aves Husbandry Guidelines for the Galah Eolophus roseicapillus Aves: Cacatuidae Author: Charmaine Scannell Date of Preparation: June, 2008 Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond Course Name and Number: Certificate III in Captive Animal RUV 30204 Lecturer: Graeme Phipps, Jackie Salkeld, Brad Walker and Andrew Titmuss Disclaimer These husbandry guidelines were produced by the compiler/author at TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute, Richmond College, N.S.W. Australia as part assessment for completion of Certificate III in Captive Animals, Course number 1068, RUV30204. Since the husbandry guidelines are the result of student project work, care should be taken in the interpretation of information therein, - in effect, all care taken but no responsibility is assumed for any loss or damage that may result from the use of these guidelines. It is offered to the ASZK Husbandry Manuals Register for the benefit of animal welfare and care. Husbandry guidelines are utility documents and are ‘works in progress’, so enhancements to these guidelines are invited. 2 Annual Cycle of Maintenance for the Galah Eolophus roseicapillus Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Comments Breeding Will vary depending upon region where housed. Nestboxes introduced Preventative Will vary upon Medicine (bi- individual monthly) breeding cycles -weights and body condition Routine Health Checks (visual observations) Faecal May vary upon Collection institutions (every 6 veterinary months) department Vet Checks (6 Before and months) or as after potential needed breeding period Enclosure Major Renovations renovations and general occur annually upkeep Full enclosure Cleaning (every 3 months) Worming Will vary upon faecal results as to when administered Heating Specific to colder regions OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATION FOR WORKING WITH THE GALAH (EOLOPHUS ROSEICAPILLUS) Risk Category: Classified innocuous although can pose injury hazards to humans such as biting. Possible risks: Cockatoos/Galah’s have large, heavy beaks and strong jaws and have the potential to inflict a bite that could amputate a person’s finger if provoked. They also have sharp nails, which can scratch and/or pierce the skin. Methods to reduce risks: Gloves can be worn when handling Galah’s to protect hands from bites or scratches although this can also hinder dexterity. It is suggested a small towel be used to cover the birds’ head to prevent biting and assist in reducing stress. When holding, face the bird away from the handler and ensure it beak and feet are immobilised (see section 7.3 for suggested handling techniques). Other techniques such as conditioning the animal for routine procedures such as nail clipping and beak trimming could be employed. OH&S Categories and their relationship to working with Galah’s: Biological: As stated in Clause 29 Zoonoses EAPA General Standards (2004): “Zoonoses are diseases that are transmissible from animals to humans and include Australian bat lyssavirus, chlamydia, cryptosporidiosis, hydatids, leptospirosis, psittacosis, ringworm, Salmonella, tetanus, toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis”. Of the diseases listed, three are potentially present in Galahs. These include: Psittacosis (Chlamydiosis) Salmonella (salmonellosis) Cryptosporidiosis As a means of controlling cross infection the EAPA General Standards (2004) it suggests the following be undertaken: “1) Visitors who are in contact with animals must be encouraged not to: a) suck fingers or objects. b) kiss the animals. c) touch the mouth with hands, or lick fingers. d) eat food intended for animals. e) eat. f) wipe hands on clothing, if avoidable. g) touch soil or faeces. 2) Where members of the public are allowed to contact animals, hand washing enclosures/toilet/bathroom must be provided on the premises or venue (for mobile exhibitors) and the members of the public must be encouraged to thoroughly wash their hands after touching any animals”. For keepers who are handling and working within Galah enclosures it is encourage that Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) be used/worn including: Face mask to minimise the risk of inhaling feather dust or faeces dust containing bacterial parasites, rigorous hygiene practices, disposable gloves when cleaning area such as perches where dried faeces may be present. Strict hygiene guidelines should be practiced in the workplace to minimise the spread of infection and adhered to by all staff and/or visitors directly contacting the birds. Vaccination should also be encouraged if applicable to any potential disease transmission. Chemical: As stated in the EAPA General Standards Clause 34 Point3: “When disinfecting solid surfaces within the enclosure these surfaces must first be washed with soap and water, or steam. Disinfected surfaces must be rinsed before animals come in contact with them again. The disinfectants are to be of a kind approved by and used in compliance with veterinary advice”. A number of chemicals are required to be used in the cleaning and maintenance of Galah enclosures designed specifically for aviary use. These include: Aviclens – a bacterial preventative in water used to reduce contamination of water by fungi, algae and yeast. Can also be used in seed soak water to reduce bacterial contamination (Appendix 16.1 MSDS) Virkon S – a broad spectrum disinfectant that assists in the control of fungi, bacteria and viruses such as Avian Flu (Appendix 16.1 MSDS) F10SC – a veterinary disinfectant (Appendix 16.1 MSDS) Unique Pine – a commercial grade disinfectant (Appendix 16.1 MSDS) Recommended PPE can be found on the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) specific to the individual chemicals’ usage. First aid kits should also be readily available and maintained regularly to ensure supplies are up to date and present. Physical: If extended periods of time are being spent within the aviary or in close proximity to birds in general, it suggested that some form of ear protection be worn. This may include the use of earmuffs or earplugs to lessen the impact of repetitive, loud squawking, screeching or general bird calling on the inner ear in an attempt to prevent long term hearing loss or damage. Psychological: The only apparent hazard falling into this category is emotional due to the sufferance of grief upon the death of an animal with which a keeper has developed a bond or cares for on a daily bases. Ergonomic: Aviaries should adhere to recommended size and height guidelines to ensure there is adequate space for not only the inhabitants but also for keepers needing to access the enclosure. Positioning and height of perches should be located so that the birds can be easily reached at various points within the enclosure and not pose a danger to keepers moving around within the area. The height and location of feed and water bowls should also be in a location that is easily accessible for both the bird and the keeper and placed at various locations within the aviary depending upon the number of inhabitants and for enrichment in variation of feeding locations. Environmental/Radiation: As enclosures tend to be located in outdoor environments, a number of recommended PPE items should be used including: SPF factor 15-30 sunscreen for exposed areas of the body including lips, wearing long sleeved shirts and long pants, wearing a wide brimmed hat or cap with neck flap (be aware of ear exposure) and closed in shoes. If working in the outdoors for prolonged periods areas of shade would be the preferred working location or regular breaks out of the direct sun should be taken. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 9 2 TAXONOMY .................................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 NOMENCLATURE ........................................................................................................................ 11 2.2 SUBSPECIES ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.3 RECENT SYNONYMS ................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 OTHER COMMON NAMES ........................................................................................................... 12 3 NATURAL HISTORY ...................................................................................................................... 13 3.1 MORPHOMETRICS ....................................................................................................................... 13 3.1.1 Mass And Basic Body Measurements ................................................................................... 13 3.1.2 Sexual Dimorphism ............................................................................................................... 14 3.1.3 Distinguishing Features ........................................................................................................ 14 3.2 DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT ..................................................................................................... 15 3.3 CONSERVATION STATUS............................................................................................................. 17 3.4 LONGEVITY ................................................................................................................................ 17 3.4.1 In the Wild ............................................................................................................................
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