2017 Pest Management Guide for Grapes in Washington

WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION • EB0762

EB0762 Pest Management Guide for Grapes in Washington—2017

POISON EMERGENCY Washington Poison Center: 1-800-222-1222 For further information, see Pesticide Safety

PESTICIDE LABELS YOU ARE REQUIRED BY LAW TO FOLLOW THE LABEL. It is a legal document. Always read the label before using any pesticide. You, the grower, are responsible for safe pesticide use.

Trade Names Trade (brand) names are provided for your reference only. No discrimination is intended, and other pesticides with the same active ingredient, provided they are also registered for use on the intended crop and for the intended target, may be suitable. No endorsement is implied.

Pesticide Information National Pesticide Information Center 1-800-858-7378

Spray Guide Coordinators Gwen Hoheisel, Regional Extension Specialist Michelle Moyer, WSU Extension Viticulturist

Front Cover Photos Michelle Moyer, WSU Extension Viticulturist

SECTION COORDINATORS: Regulations & Safety Catherine Daniels, WSU Pesticide Coordinator

Weeds Tim Miller, WSU Extension Weed Scientist

Insects Douglas Walsh, WSU Extension Environmental and Agrichemical Education Specialist

Nematodes Inga Zasada, USDA-ARS Research Plant Pathologist

Plant Diseases Michelle Moyer, WSU Extension Viticulturist Naidu Rayapati, WSU Extension Grape Virologist

Plant Nutrition Joan Davenport, WSU Professor of Soil Science

Prepared by representatives of Washington State University, WSDA and USDA personnel, and industry representatives.

WSU Extension • Washington State University • Pullman, Washington

CONTENTS

General Information...... 1 Viruses of Grapevines...... 43 Management of Grapevine Virus Diseases Pesticide Safety...... 1 Grapevine Leafroll Disease Precautions for Use and Storage Rugose Wood Complex (Grafted Vines) Pesticide Disposal Grapevine Fanleaf and Grapevine Decline Symptoms of Poisoning Diseases Emergency Treatment Grapevine Red Blotch Disease Reporting Poisonings and Pesticide Accidents Potential Virus Diseases

Chemical Weed Control...... 5 Nutrient Management Programs...... 47 Application Rate and Equipment Established Vineyards General Precautions New Vineyards

Herbicide Information...... 7 Spray Recommendations ...... 51 Weed Identification General Soil-Applied Herbicides Formulations Foliar-Applied Herbicides Calibration of Vineyard Sprayers Dilutions Herbicide Injury...... 11 2,4-D Drift Documentation Regulatory Information...... 54 Pesticide Residues on Grapes Weed Management Program Pesticide Restricted Entry Standards For Grapevines...... 12 Licensing Chemigation Pests of Grapevines...... 16 State Laws and Regulations Black Vine Weevil Worker Right-To-Know Act Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Horticulture Pest and Disease Boards Cottony Maple Scale Tank Mixes Cutworms Drosophilla suzukii Grape Flea Beetle Grape Leaffolder Grape Mealybug Grape Phylloxera Leafhoppers Mites Thrips Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Pest Management Program for Grapevines...... 23

Diseases of Grapevines...... 28 Trunk and Root Diseases Foliar and Fruit Diseases

Disease Management Program for Grapevines...... 33

GENERAL INFORMATION

The Pest Management Guide for Grapes in Washington Always consult with your processor, winery rep- presents various chemicals and their uses against resentative, or Extension agent if you have any pest problems in Washington vineyards. While questions on approved pesticides or pesticide uses. the recommendations are based on eastern The registration status of various chemicals, for- Washington conditions, the information may mulations, and manufacturers’ products changes often be applied to similar pest problems found rapidly. You may lose your crop or market if you throughout the state. Specific and more detailed misapply or use improper materials that leave il- information on pests and diseases can be fo