Eucharistic Practice & Sacramental Theology in Pandemic Times
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Eucharistic Practice & Sacramental Theology in Pandemic Times REFLECTIONS BY CANADIAN ANGLICANS Compiled by the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada Edited by J. Eileen Scully General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada 80 Hayden Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4Y 3G2 [email protected] www.anglican.ca/store Copyright © 2021 by the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data pending ISBN 978-1-55126-630-5 (print book) ISBN 978-1-55126-631-2 (eBook) Printed and bound in Canada Contents Executive summary ..................................................................................... 5 Preface ............................................................................................................. 6 Introduction ................................................................................................. 14 Spiritual roots for stressful times ........................................................ 24 1. Patricia Bays. The sacrament of the present moment: Eucharist in the time being ................................................................................ 24 2. Stephen Black. Diaspora and the breach of COVID-19 ............................ 27 3. Anne Germond. Behold what you are; become what you receive ....... 30 4. Rebecca Graham. An eschatological view of Eucharist in a pandemic period........................................................................ 35 5. James Koester. Dining at the Table of the Word ........................................ 40 Learning in context: Congregational life and mission .................. 45 6. Dan Bowyer. Sacramental living in a context of long-term care ......... 45 7. Marie Louise Ternier. Eucharistic theology on the ground in pandemic times .................................................................................................. 47 8. Kyn Barker: A Deacon’s reflections ................................................................. 53 9. Chris Ross. Eucharistic practice and sacramental theology in time of pandemic .................................................................................................... 56 10. Nancy Ford. Eucharistic practice and sacramental theology: Praxis vs. intent ....................................................................................................... 59 11. Leslie Flynn. Gathering anew: Reflections on youth ministry amidst a pandemic .................................................................. 63 12. PJ Hobbs. Conversations: Church in the midst of the pandemic........... 67 13. Nicholas Pang. Accessibility and mystery ..................................................... 71 14. Anne Privett. Discerning the Body: Reflections on worshipping on Zoom .... 75 15. Brandon Witwer. The gifts of things unseen: A digital Compline experiment.......................................................................... 78 16. Stephen London. A question of digital Church ........................................... 80 17. Joanne Mercer. Pushing back from the Table ............................................. 83 18. Donna Joy. Our attempt at faithful worship during COVID-19 ............. 87 19. Murray Still. Reflection on the Eucharist in pandemic times ................ 96 20. Hilary Bogert-Winkler. Individual communion cups and COVID-19 ......... 99 Discipleship and mission ..................................................................... 103 21. Deborah Meister. Flesh ..................................................................................... 103 22. Brendon Neilson. Hopeful complications for our dialogue ................ 106 23. Lisa Vaughn. Eucharistic practice and sacramental theology in a time of pandemic: A missiological viewpoint ....................................... 114 3 Theological foundations and journeys: The Eucharist and sacramentality .................................................... 120 24. Scott Sharman. The Eucharist belongs to none alone ........................... 120 25. Barbara Liotscos. Questions to explore ...................................................... 125 26. Terry Brown. Notes ............................................................................................ 127 27. Richard Leggett. Virtual is real: Some preliminary reflections on Eucharistic worship in a pandemic .............................................................. 129 28. David Harrison. We do not presume (or do we?) .................................... 138 29. Alison Kemper. What of the Eucharist in the COVID-19 pandemic? 145 30. David Edwards. A reflection on Anglican Eucharistic practice in and beyond the pandemic ........................................................................... 153 31. Greg Kerr-Wilson. Fulfilling all things in Christ...................................... 159 32. Queen’s Theological College. The essential nature of the Eucharist and the modes of reception ................................................. 164 33. Grant Rodgers. Can God spread a table in the wilderness? ................. 169 34. Paul Jennings. Experiencing the sacramentality of the Word ............ 178 Theological foundations and journeys: The Eucharist and the life of the Church ......................................... 186 35. Alexa Wallace. An understanding of the Eucharist ................................ 186 36. Iain Luke. To make bread, first grow the wheat ...................................... 189 37. Chris Brittain. On Anglican sacramental theology ................................ 194 38. William Cliff. The Pandemic and worship notes ...................................... 198 39. John W. B. Hill. The interdependence of the dinner table and the Lord’s table ............................................................................................................ 207 Theological insights from ecumenical and Anglican Communion partners ...................................................................................................... 211 40. Andrew O’Neill. The presence of God in all things ................................. 211 41. Philip Tovey. One body ...................................................................................... 215 42. Ruth Meyers. Spiritual communion in a season of social distancing ...... 220 43. James Farwell. The assembly and Eucharist............................................. 225 44. Juan Oliver. A virtual Kingdom? ..................................................................... 227 Epilogue ...................................................................................................... 232 45. Eileen Scully. Theology of lament and hope ............................................. 233 4 Executive summary In the Spring of 2020, in the early weeks of pandemic shut-down, the Faith, Worship, and Ministry committee of the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada invited submissions of theological reflections on eucharistic practice and sacramental theology. Over forty submissions were received and are now here collected, edited and organized into a full resource for study and discussion. All are of a theological nature, though their approaches to the doing of theology differ. They include teachings about the spiritual foundations we need to cultivate during these times, reflections on congregational experience, and elucidations of core matters of doctrine. All exhibit in some way the Anglican ethos that seeks to integrate pastoral, liturgical and theological concerns together. Some, more than others, call more upon Scripture; some, more than others, call more upon the Tradition. Some focus their attention on the urgency of present missional call in order to challenge us; some offer perspectives to root us in the spirituality that we need to continue in the ways that we are trying to be faithful. All contributions reflect a deep pastoral care to nurture faithful discipleship in local communities for the sake of God’s mission in the world. Eucharistic Practice & Sacramental Theology in Pandemic Times 5 Preface When public health measures necessitated the closure of places of wor- ship in Canada back in March of 2020, local parish leaders entered into a flurry of activity to tend to difficult and immediate pastoral needs, and to reshape the worshiping and gathering life of their communities. Creativ- ity abounded in some very lovely ways as the internet was engaged as never before to lead worship, hold pastoral conversations, dig into disci- pleship formation, and offer prayer. For many, the loss of the capacity to celebrate the eucharist struck hard and the grief that ensued was tough. A growing number of voices started to advocate for permission to adapt Holy Communion for remote or distanced safe practice, and debates sprang up about the nature of such words as real, virtual, presence, com- munion. The conversations, sometimes energetic, sometimes polarized, pointed to a number of realities in the experiences of congregations, clergy, and lay leaders these days. That the celebration of Holy Eucharist has become the principal dominical act of worship, every, or almost every, Sunday in most communities in the Anglican Church of Canada, though it may seem like ‘it’s ever been thus’ is actually relatively new in the last