DOCSLIB.ORG

Role of Fatty Acid Omega-Hydroxylase 1 and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Role of Fatty Acid Omega-Hydroxylase 1 and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 5-18-2016 12:00 AM Role of Fatty Acid omega-Hydroxylase 1 and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation Meg Haggitt The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Mark Bernards The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Biology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © Meg Haggitt 2016 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Haggitt, Meg, "Role of Fatty Acid omega-Hydroxylase 1 and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation" (2016). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 4074. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4074 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Role of Fatty Acid omega-Hydroxylase 1 (FAωH1) and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation Thesis format: Integrated-Article By Meghan L. Haggitt Department of Biology, Faculty of Science A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy SCHOOL OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO LONDON, ONTARIO, CANADA © Meghan L. Haggitt 2016 Abstract Suberin is a complex biopolymer composed of two distinct but covalently-linked domains. The first domain is composed of polymerized phenolic monomers, whereas the second domain is predominately fatty acid derivatives esterified with glycerol. Deposited in specialized cells during development or in response to abiotic stress, suberin functions as a barrier against water loss and pathogen attack. In potato, more than 65% of suberin monomers undergo ω-hydroxylation, representing a major class of fatty acids in the final biopolymer. The ω-hydroxylation reaction is catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 (CYP) proteins, of which few have been characterized to date. In 2009, CYP86A33 from potato was identified and implicated as the main suberin-associated ω-hydroxylase by another research group through RNAi gene silencing; although functional characterization of in vitro protein was unsuccessful. Simultaneously, I identified and characterized gene expression patterns for three CYP86A and CYP94A ω-hydroxylase genes in potato. From this expression analysis, I identified CYP86A33 as the primary candidate for a suberin- associated ω-hydroxylase, from which ω-hydroxylase activity was confirmed through an in vitro enzyme assay with recombinant protein. Following an in silico analysis of the CYP86A33 promoter region, which identified many ABA-responsive promoter elements, an extensive analysis of the effects of ABA on gene expression and suberin biosynthetic regulation was conducted. Using a biosynthetic inhibitor of ABA production, fluridone, I investigated the effects of ABA on suberin regulation by inhibiting ABA de novo biosynthesis with or without the addition of exogenous ABA. Using wounded potato tubers, three parallel timecourse experiments were conducted with different treatments to quantify the ABA concentration, suberin-associated gene expression, and soluble and i insoluble aliphatic monomer deposition into the suberin biopolymer. Expression of suberin-associated genes, including CYP86A33, was reduced post-wounding with fluridone treatment. Similarly, insoluble aliphatic monomer accumulation was nearly eliminated from suberin in fluridone-treated tissues, exhibiting both chain length and monomer class specific effects. These fluridone effects on gene expression and suberin deposition were rescued through the addition of exogenous ABA. Overall, ABA was shown to have a regulatory post-wounding effect on the gene expression of key suberin- associated genes, with concomitant downstream impact on aliphatic suberin deposition. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, potato, suberin, CYP86A33, FAωH1, ω-hydroxylation, abscisic acid, fluridone, wounding ii Statement of Co-Authorship The following people contributed to the publication of the work undertaken as part of this thesis: University of Western Ontario, London, Canada: Meghan L. Haggitt University of Western Ontario, London, Canada: Anica Bjelica Author details and their roles: Bjelica A, Haggitt ML, Woolfson KN, Lee DNP, Makhzoum AB, Bernards MA. 2016. Fatty Acid ω-Hydroxylases from Solanum tuberosum. Accepted pending revisions to Plant Cell Reports Located in Chapter 2, discussed in Chapter 4 Candidate was the secondary author, who identified CYP86A33, cloned CYP86A33 and its promoter, created promoter deletion construct library (12 constructs), and conducted semi-quantitative RT-PCR tissue-specific expression analysis. AB completed all complementation assays, including aliphatic suberin analysis, and promoter analyses. KNW conducted qPCR to repeat tissue-specific expression for publication. DNPL created the CYP86A33 minimal promoter construct for the P2 allele. ABM established hairy root cultures in the lab group. MAB supervised the lab work and wrote the manuscript. Haggitt ML, Woolfson KN, Zhang Y, Kachura A, Bjelica A, Bernards MA. Differential Regulation of Polar and Non-Polar Metabolism During Wound-Induced Suberization in Potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers. In preparation for submission to The Plant Cell Located in Chapter 3, discussed in Chapter 4 Candidate was the first author, who co-designed and conducted ABA and FD treatments on wound-healing potato tissue, isolated the wounded tissue, conducted semi-quantitative RT-PCR and non-polar metabolite analysis. KNW conducted qPCR to repeat tissue-specific expression for publication. YZ conducted the parallel ABA quantification in treated potato tissued. AK repeated the ABA and FD experiment and prepared the polar metabolites for analysis. AB conducted the polar metabolite analysis. MAB evaluated the polar metabolites, supervised the lab work and wrote the manuscript. iii Acknowledgements Firstly, I extend my sincere and utmost gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Mark Bernards. Your guidance and leadership throughout my Ph.D study created a truly enjoyable environment to work in, and I learned a great deal that far exceeded my field of study. In addition, I thank my advisory committee, Dr. Denis Maxwell and Dr. Chris Guglielmo. You have both impacted my development as a researcher and provided guidance throughout my degree, for which I am truly grateful. Special thanks to Dr. Maxwell for acting as a reader for my thesis, your thoughtful insights were appreciated. Besides my formal advisors, there were so many other professors who provided guidance throughout my time at Western, including but not limited to Dr. Kathleen Hill, Dr. Susanne Kolhami, Dr. Norm Huner, Dr. Yolanda Morbey, Dr. Sheila Macfie and Dr. Charlie Trick. Thank you for your generosity with your time, it will be remembered. I also thank my fellow lab mates over the years whom I have had the pleasure of working with, in particular Andrea Neculai, Dr. Dimitre Ivanov, Anica Bjelica, Dr. Yanni Zhang, Dr. Leon Kurepin and Trish Tully. Many hours we spent pondering the world while we worked at our lab benches, and I truly enjoyed the lively and diverse discussions. Also, thank you to all the past and present fellow graduate students on 4th floor NCB and beyond. Thank you for the stimulating and often unpredictable discussions. I will remember the many grad club lunches and laughs we had over the years. iv I am very grateful to my parents, Lois and Glenn Hayter, for their incredible support and guidance. As I have grown up I have realized the incredible gifts you gave me, including the solid belief I could achieve whatever I put my mind to and the knowledge that you will always be there to encourage and support me every step of the way. I have not always chosen the conventional path, but you never doubted that I would get there in my own time. I love you both and I am grateful to have you in my life. Words cannot express the extraordinary gratitude I have for my incredible partner in life, Dave Haggitt. So often I am asked how I balance it all in my life, and the answer is being partnered with you. I have never met another person who approaches the world with such a kindness, generosity and true appreciation for how to fully support others in their goals. Saying that I am lucky to have chosen you as my partner in life is an understatement and, with having spent more than half our lives together already, I can’t imagine it any other way. As you have been right alongside me through my entire education, I feel this achievement belongs in part to you. You handled the many, many nights of solo childcare with amazing grace, and I am so thankful for your love and leadership in our family. Last but definitely not least, my two beautiful little ladies, Taya and Lexi. As you grow up I know you too will have the chance to build a life you love to live, find incredible people to surround yourself from which to learn, and choose follow your passions. I hope I can infuse in you a love of learning as great as mine, so that you may find your own amazing opportunities to explore the world. v Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................ i Statement of Co-Authorship ..........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WO 2017/074902 Al 4 May 20 17 (04.05.2017) W P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/074902 Al 4 May 20 17 (04.05.2017) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, A61K 8/37 (2006.01) A61Q 19/00 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, A61K 31/215 (2006.01) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, (21) International Application Number: KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, PCT/US2016/058591 MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (22) International Filing Date: OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, 25 October 2016 (25.10.201 6) SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (25) Filing Language: English ZW. (26) Publication Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (30) Priority Data: kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 62/247,803 29 October 20 15 (29. 10.20 15) US GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (71) Applicant: GLAXOSMITHKLINE CONSUMER TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, HEALTHCARE HOLDINGS (US) LLC [US/US]; 271 1 DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, DE 19808 (US).
    [Show full text]
  • ( Vaccinium Myrtillus L . ) And
    Food Chemistry 354 (2021) 129517 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food Chemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foodchem Analysis of composition, morphology, and biosynthesis of cuticular wax in wild type bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and its glossy mutant Priyanka Trivedi a,1, Nga Nguyen a,1, Linards Klavins b, Jorens Kviesis b, Esa Heinonen c, Janne Remes c, Soile Jokipii-Lukkari a, Maris Klavins b, Katja Karppinen d, Laura Jaakola d,e, Hely Haggman¨ a,* a Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland b Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia c Centre for Material Analysis, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland d Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway e NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, NO-1431 Ås, Norway ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: In this study, cuticular wax load, its chemical composition, and biosynthesis, was studied during development of Cuticular wax wild type (WT) bilberry fruit and its natural glossy type (GT) mutant. GT fruit cuticular wax load was comparable Fruit cuticle with WT fruits. In both, the proportion of triterpenoids decreased during fruit development concomitant with Gene expression increasing proportions of total aliphatic compounds. In GT fruit, a higher proportion of triterpenoids in cuticular Glossy type mutant wax was accompanied by a lower proportion of fatty acids and ketones compared to WT fruit as well as lower Triterpenoids Wax composition density of crystalloid structures on berry surfaces. Our results suggest that the glossy phenotype could be caused Chemical compounds studied in this article: by the absence of rod-like structures in GT fruit associated with reduction in proportions of ketones and fatty β-Amyrin (PubChem CID: 73145) acids in the cuticular wax.
    [Show full text]
  • Biochemistry Prologue to Lipids
    Paper : 05 Metabolism of Lipids Module: 01 Prologue to Lipids Principal Investigator Dr. Sunil Kumar Khare, Professor, Department of Chemistry, IIT-Delhi Paper Coordinator and Dr. Suaib Luqman, Scientist (CSIR-CIMAP) Content Writer & Assistant Professor (AcSIR) CSIRDr. Vijaya-CIMAP, Khader Lucknow Dr. MC Varadaraj Content Reviewer Prof. Prashant Mishra, Professor, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, IIT-Delhi 1 METABOLISM OF LIPIDS Biochemistry Prologue to Lipids DESCRIPTION OF MODULE Subject Name Biochemistry Paper Name 05 Metabolism of Lipids Module Name/Title 01 Prologue to Lipids 2 METABOLISM OF LIPIDS Biochemistry Prologue to Lipids 1. Objectives To understand what is lipid Why they are important How they occur in nature 2. Concept Map LIPIDS Fatty Acids Glycerol 3. Description 3.1 Prologue to Lipids In 1943, the term lipid was first used by BLOOR, a German biochemist. Lipids are heterogeneous group of compounds present in plants and animal tissues related either actually or potentially to the fatty acids. They are amphipathic molecules, hydrophobic in nature originated utterly or in part by thioesters (carbanion-based condensations of fatty acids and/or polyketides etc) or by isoprene units (carbocation-based condensations of prenols, sterols, etc). Lipids have the universal property of being: i. Quite insoluble in water (polar solvent) ii. Soluble in benzene, chloroform, ether (non-polar solvent) 3 METABOLISM OF LIPIDS Biochemistry Prologue to Lipids Thus, lipids include oils, fats, waxes, steroids, vitamins (A, D, E and K) and related compounds, such as phospholipids, triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides and others, which are allied more by their physical properties than by their chemical assests.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Thesis.Pdf
    THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE EFFECTS OF DIETARY LINOLEIC ACID ON CONVERSION OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS TO LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS ELIZABETH ANN FLAHERTY FALL 2018 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in Veterinary and Biomedical Science with honors in Veterinary and Biomedical Science Reviewed and approved* by the following: Dr. Kevin Harvatine Associate Professor of Nutritional Physiology Thesis Supervisor Dr. Robert VanSaun Professor of Veterinary Science Honors Adviser * Signatures are on file in the Schreyer Honors College. i ABSTRACT With the modern diet that is high in total fats, high in omega-6 fatty acids (FA), and low in omega-3 FA, there is a high prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Certain dietary acids are beneficial, while others may contribute to these disease processes. Eggs are an important part of the human diet as they are protein and nutrient dense and are a good source of vitamins and minerals. It is possible to manipulate the nutrients and composition of FA in the eggs by modifying the balance of the hens diets. This makes them a good target for experiments with fatty acids (FA). A diet high in omega-3 (n-3) FA has many beneficial effects including plasma lipid reduction, reduction in some types of cancer mortality, anti-inflammatory effects, antiarrhythmic effects, antithrombotic effects, antiatheromatous effects, and less severe manifestations of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. Due to the benefits of n-3 FA, it is important to understand the effects of oleic acid and linoleic acid (LA; C18:2n-6) on the deposition of n-3 FA in egg yolks.
    [Show full text]
  • Waradur® Wax Additives Improve Your Plastic
    | plastic series WARADUR® WAX ADDITIVES Higher tensile Proper Flow Reduced strength / dispersion improvement ejection force impact strength IMPROVE YOUR PLASTIC PRODUCTION WARADUR® S | WARAMONT CA | WARADUR® GE WARADUR® GSM | WARADUR® E | WARADUR® ESM WARADUR® OP | WARADUR® OPplus | WARADUR® GSA OVERVIEW With almost 120 years of experience in the production of VOELPKER Plastic Series: At the heart of the WARADUR® (the montan and specialty waxes, VOELPKER is one of the most subject of this brochure) and CEVO® special wax additives from experienced wax producers in Europe. VOELPKER develops and VOELPKER is their unique multifunctionality. This enables the produces tailor-made wax derivatives whose chemical functio- simultaneous resolution of different processing problems. It nalities and application properties are precisely adapted to the leads to improved surface quality and filler or pigment dispersi- specific use. on, improved flow properties and the reduction of friction peaks. WARADUR® montan wax derivatives also enable the production of particularly high-quality compounds containing recyclate. WARADUR® WAX ADDITIVES - PERFORMANCE AND MULTIFUNCTIONALITY INTRODUCTION WARADUR® montan waxes are used as high performance addi- challenging tasks in the engineering plastics field where high tives in the plastics industry, due to their unique properties and demands are placed on functionality, optical appearance and versatility. Montan wax derivatives serve for example as com- cycle time reduction. WARADUR® montan waxes in addition bined external
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0247001 A1 Lötzsch Et Al
    US 20150247001A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0247001 A1 Lötzsch et al. (43) Pub. Date: Sep. 3, 2015 (54) THERMOCHROMIC MATERIAL MOLDED (30) Foreign Application Priority Data ARTICLE COMPRISING SAD MATERAL AND USE THEREOF Sep. 24, 2012 (DE) ...................... 10 2012 O18813.7 (71) Applicant: FRAUHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT Publication Classification ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG (51) Int. Cl. E.V., Munich (DE) C08G 63/9. (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Detlef Lötzsch, Berlin (DE); Ralf CPC .................................... C08G 63/912 (2013.01) Ruhmann, Berlin (DE); Arno Seeboth, Berlin (DE) (57) ABSTRACT (73) Assignee: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT The invention relates to a thermochromic material compris ZUR FORDERUNG DER ing at least one biopolymer, at least one natural dye and at ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG least one reaction medium, selected from the group of fatty E.V., München (DE) acids and derivatives thereof, gallic acid and derivatives thereOThereof and mim1Xtures thereOT.hereof. TheThe ththermochrom1C hromi materiaial (21) Appl. No.: 14/430,419 according to the invention is completely based on non-toxic, 1-1. natural products. Processing into materials or molded articles (22) PCT Filed: Aug. 8, 2013 can occur, according to the invention, by means of conven tional extrusion technology in the form offlat film, blown film (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP2013/066604 or sheets or multi-wall sheets. The thermochromic material S371 (c)(1), can be used in particular in the food industry and medical (2) Date: Mar. 23, 2015 technology. OH iC O N CH 21 OH C HO O HO Patent Application Publication Sep.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatty Acids, Trivial and Systematic Names
    FATTY ACIDS, TRIVIAL AND SYSTEMATIC NAMES Trivial Name Systematic Name Abbreviation Formic Acid Methanoic Acid Acetic Acid Ethanoic Acid Propionic Acid Propanoic Acid Butyric Acid Butanoic Acid 4:0 Valerianic Acid Pentanoic Acid 5:0 Caproic Acid Hexanoic Acid 6:0 Enanthic Acid Heptanoic Acid 7:0 Caprylic Acid Octanoic Acid 8:0 Pelargonic Acid Nonanoic Acid 9:0 Capric Acid Decanoic Acid 10:0 Obtusilic Acid 4-Decenoic Acid 10:1(n-6) Caproleic Acid 9-Decenoic Acid 10:1(n-1) Undecylic Acid Undecanoic Acid 11:0 Lauric Acid Dodecanoic Acid 12:0 Linderic Acid 4-Dodecenoic Acid 12:1(n-8) Denticetic Acid 5-Dodecenoic Acid 12:1(n-7) Lauroleic Acid 9-Dodecenoic Acid 12:1(n-3) Tridecylic Acid Tridecanoic Acid 13:0 Myristic Acid Tetradecanoic Acid 14:0 Tsuzuic Acid 4-Tetradecenoic Acid 14:1(n-10) Physeteric Acid 5-Tetradecenoic Acid 14:1(n-9) Myristoleic Acid 9-Tetradecenoic Acid 14:1(n-5) Pentadecylic Acid Pentadecanoic Acid 15:0 Palmitic Acid Hexadecanoic Acid 16:0 Gaidic acid 2-Hexadecenoic Acid 16:1(n-14) Sapienic Acid 6-Hexadecenoic Acid 16:1(n-10) Hypogeic Acid trans-7-Hexadecenoic Acid t16:1(n-9) cis-Hypogeic Acid 7-Hexadecenoic Acid 16:1(n-9) Palmitoleic Acid 9-Hexadecenoic Acid 16:1(n-7) Palmitelaidic Acid trans-9-Hexadecenoic Acid t16:1(n-7) Palmitvaccenic Acid 11-Hexadecenoic Acid 16:1(n-5) Margaric Acid Heptadecanoic Acid 17:0 Civetic Acid 8-Heptadecenoic Acid 17:1 Stearic Acid Octadecanoic Acid 18:0 Petroselinic Acid 6-Octadecenoic Acid 18:1(n-12) Oleic Acid 9-Octadecenoic Acid 18:1(n-9) Elaidic Acid trans-9-Octadecenoic acid t18:1(n-9)
    [Show full text]
  • Fatty Acids in Human Metabolism - E
    PHYSIOLOGY AND MAINTENANCE – Vol. II – Fatty Acids in Human Metabolism - E. Tvrzická, A. Žák, M. Vecka, B. Staňková FATTY ACIDS IN HUMAN METABOLISM E. Tvrzická, A. Žák, M. Vecka, B. Staňková 4th Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Keywords: polyunsaturated fatty acids n-6 and n-3 family, phospholipids, sphingomyeline, brain, blood, milk lipids, insulin, eicosanoids, plant oils, genomic control, atherosclerosis, tissue development. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Physico-Chemical Properties of Fatty Acids 3. Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids 4. Classification and Biological Function of Fatty Acids 5. Fatty Acids as Constitutional Components of Lipids 6. Physiological Roles of Fatty Acids 7. Milk Lipids and Developing Brain 8. Pathophysiology of Fatty Acids 9. Therapeutic Use of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary Fatty acids are substantial components of lipids, which represent one of the three major components of biological matter (along with proteins and carbohydrates). Chemically lipids are esters of fatty acids and organic alcohols—cholesterol, glycerol and sphingosine. Pathophysiological roles of fatty acids are derived from those of individual lipids. Fatty acids are synthesized ad hoc in cytoplasm from two-carbon precursors, with the aid of acyl carrier protein, NADPH and acetyl-CoA-carboxylase. Their degradation by β-oxidationUNESCO in mitochondria is accompanied – byEOLSS energy-release. Fatty acids in theSAMPLE mammalian organism reach CHAPTERSchain-length 12-24 carbon atoms, with 0- 6 double bonds. Their composition is species- as well as tissue-specific. Endogenous acids can be desaturated up to Δ9 position, desaturation to another position is possible only from exogenous (essential) acids [linoleic (n-6 series) and α-linolenic (n-3 series)].
    [Show full text]
  • ( 12 ) United States Patent
    US010155042B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 10 , 155 , 042 B2 Bannister et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: * Dec. 18 , 2018 ( 54 ) COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR A61K 31/ 60 (2006 . 01) TREATING CHRONIC INFLAMMATION A61K 47 / 10 ( 2017 .01 ) AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES A61K 31 / 202 (2006 . 01 ) A61K 31 / 337 (2006 .01 ) ( 71 ) Applicant: Infirst Healthcare Limited , London A61K 31 / 704 ( 2006 . 01 ) (GB ) A61K 31/ 25 (2006 . 01) 2 ) U . S . CI. ( 72 ) Inventors : Robin M . Bannister , Essex (GB ) ; John CPC .. .. .. .. A61K 47 / 14 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 / 08 Brew , Hertfordshire (GB ) ; Wilson ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 /2013 (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K Caparros - Wanderely , Buckinghamshire 31/ 192 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31 /60 ( 2013 .01 ) ; (GB ) ; Suzanne J . Dilly , Oxfordshire A61K 47 / 10 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 47 /44 ( 2013 .01 ) ; (GB ) ; Olga Pleguezeulos Mateo , A61K 31 / 19 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 31 / 202 Bicester (GB ) ; Gregory A . Stoloff , (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31/ 25 ( 2013 .01 ) ; AIK London (GB ) 31 / 337 ( 2013. 01 ) ; A6IK 31/ 704 ( 2013 .01 ) ( 73 ) Assignee : Infirst Healthcare Limited , London (58 ) Field of Classification Search (GB ) CPC . .. .. A61K 31 /192 ; A61K 31/ 19 USPC .. .. .. 514 / 570 , 571, 557 ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this See application file for complete search history . patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U . S . C . 154 (b ) by 0 days . References Cited This patent is subject to a terminal dis (56 ) claimer . U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 3 , 228 ,831 A 1 / 1966 Nicholson et al. (21 ) Appl . No. : 15 / 614 ,592 3 , 800 ,038 A 3 / 1974 Rudel 4 ,571 ,400 A 2 / 1986 Arnold (22 ) Filed : Jun .
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Fatty Acids/Fat Soluble Component from Medicinal Plants Targeting BACE Modulation and Their Role in Onset of AD: an In-Silico Approach
    Journal of Graphic Era University Vol. 6, Issue 2, 270-281, 2018 ISSN: 0975-1416 (Print), 2456-4281 (Online) Role of Fatty Acids/Fat Soluble Component from Medicinal Plants Targeting BACE Modulation and Their Role in Onset of AD: An in-silico Approach Prashant Anthwal1, Bipin Kumar Sati1, Madhu Thapliyal2, Devvret Verma1, Navin Kumar1, Ashish Thapliyal*1 1Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India 2Department of Zoology Government Degree College, Raipur, Dehradun *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Received May 25, 2017; Accepted August 10, 2018) Abstract Fatty acids have been reported in several researches targeting cure and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Besides having so many contradictory reports about fatty acids related to the issues of human health, there are many evidences that point towards the beneficial effects of PUFAs and essential fatty acids on human health, even in AD. This study investigated the interaction of fatty acids and phyto-constituents for the inhibition of BACE enzyme (mainly responsible and prominent target for amyloid hypothesis) through in-silico approach. Phyto-compounds from Picrorhiza kurroa, Cinnamomum tamala, Curcuma longa, Datura metel, Rheum emodi and Bacopa monnieri, which are well known, were screened. For screening of drug molecules, Lipinski’s rule is usually used. Because of this rule compounds like Bacoside A, Bacoside A3, Bacopaside II, Bacopasaponin C, Baimantuoluoline C, Daturameteline A, Cucurbitacin B, Cucurbitacin D, Cucurbitacin E, Cucurbitacin I, Cucurbitacin F, Cucurbitacin R, Picroside III, Kutkoside, Picroside II are usually excluded from docking/binding studies because of their higher molecular weight as they do now follow the Lipinski’s rules.
    [Show full text]
  • In Silico Antidiabetic Activity of Bioactive Compounds in Ipomoea
    The Pharma Innovation Journal 2019; 8(10): 05-11 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.03 In silico antidiabetic activity of bioactive compounds in TPI 2019; 8(10): 05-11 © 2019 TPI Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 04-08-2019 Accepted: 08-09-2019 Ranjith D and Viswanath S Ranjith D Assistant Professor, Department Abstract of Veterinary Pharmacology and In the present study molecular interactions of 15 bioactive compounds in Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq viz., Toxicology, College of Veterinary taraxerol, taraxerol acetate, beta-sitosterol, scopoletin, dodecanoic acid/ lauric acid, chloroacetic acid, and Animal Sciences, Pookode, tetradecanal/myristaldehyde, tetradecanoic acid/ Myristic acid, hexanoic acid/Palmitic acid, octadec-1- Wayanad, Kerala, India ene, octadecan-1-ol, octadecanoic acid/stearic acid, octacosane, nonacosane, tetracosane against diabetic targets namely Glutamine: Fructose – 6 -Phosphate Amidotransferase (GFAT, PDB ID - 2ZJ3) and Viswanath S Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor- gamma (PPARs PDB ID – 3G9E) were assessed. Molecular Senior Veterinary Officer (SVO), docking studies were performed using ArgusLab docking software 4.0.1 respectively. The docking Department of Animal studies of multifarious ligands with the target proteins showed good inhibitory activity, amongst the Husbandry and Veterinary compounds screened sitosterol beta (Binding energy; 2ZJ3: -12.02 kcal/mol, 3G9E: -12.55 kcal/mol), Services (AH & VS), taraxerol (Binding energy; 2ZJ3: -9.93 kcal/mol, for 3G9E: -13.70 kcal/mol) and taraxerol acetate Government of Karnataka, India (Binding energy; 2ZJ3: -11.58 kcal/mol, 3G9E: -13.12 kcal/mol). Sitosterol beta has shown maximum inhibition for 2ZJ3 protein whereas taraxerol shown maximum inhibition for 3G9E protein, both these phytocompounds can be further subjected to fractionation and isolation to confirm their activity towards in vitro and in vivo studies and can be commercialized as a potent antidiabetic agents.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,511,042 B2 Falla Et Al
    USOO951 1 042B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,511,042 B2 Falla et al. (45) Date of Patent: Dec. 6, 2016 (54) N-ACYL AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES FOR JP 08-3375.15 12/1996 TREATING SKIN CONDITIONS SUCH AS E. SI36 758 CELLULTE JP 2007-15384.5 6, 2007 JP 2007-314464 A 12/2007 (75) Inventors: Timothy J. Falla, Woodinville, WA RU 224.5358 C2 1/2005 (US); Lijuan Zhang, Kenmore, WA WO 90.14429 A1 11, 1990 (US) WO 2004/069240 A2 8, 2004 WO 2006/0298.18 A2 3, 2006 WO WO20060298.18 * 3, 2006 (73) Assignee: setts biomedix INC. Bothell, WO 2006/082978 A1 8/2006 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this OTHER PUBLICATIONS patent is extended or adjusted under 35 Kono, Mitsuyoshi et al.JP2006183039. Jul. 2006. Machine Trans U.S.C. 154(b) by 64 days. lation. Caruso et al. (Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery (21) Appl. No.: 13/703,292 (2008) 61, 1321-1324).* Thomas et al. EP1938789. Jul 2008. (22) PCT Fed: Jun. 28, 2011 Patani et al. (Chemical Reviews, 1996, vol. 96, No. 8).* Enzo Emanuele, M.D. (Cellulite: Advances in treatment: Facts and (86). PCT No.: PCT/US2O11AO42123 controversies. Clinics in Dermatology (2013) 31, 725-730).* See Luebberding et al. Cellulite: An Evidence-Based Review. Am J S 371 (c)(1), Clin Dermatol (2015) 16:243-256.* (2), (4) Date: Dec. 10, 2012 Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and The Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the (87) PCT Pub.
    [Show full text]