EUROPEAN COMMISSION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR ENERGY

DIRECTORATE D – Nuclear energy, safety and ITER D.3 – Radiation protection and nuclear safety

Verification under the terms of Article 35 of the Euratom Treaty

Technical Report

BULGARIA

Routine and emergency radioactivity monitoring arrangements Monitoring of radioactivity in drinking water and foodstuffs

13-15 November 2018

Reference: BG 18-02

VERIFICATIONS UNDER THE TERMS OF ARTICLE 35 OF THE EURATOM TREATY

FACILITIES Routine and emergency radioactivity monitoring arrangements Monitoring of radioactivity in drinking water and foodstuffs

LOCATIONS Sofia,

DATES 13-15 November 2018

REFERENCE BG 18-02

TEAM MEMBERS Mr V. Tanner (team leader) Ms F. Tzika

REPORT DATE 15 April 2019

SIGNATURES

V. Tanner F. Tzika

Art. 35 Technical Report – BG 18-02

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION 5 2 PREPARATION AND CONDUCT OF THE VERIFICATION 5

2.1 PREAMBLE 5 2.2 DOCUMENTS 5 2.3 PROGRAMME OF THE VISIT 5 3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR RADIOACTIVITY MONITORING 7

3.1 LEGISLATIVE ACTS REGULATING ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY MONITORING 7 3.2 LEGISLATIVE ACTS REGULATING RADIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF FOOD 7 3.3 INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION AND GUIDANCE DOCUMENTS 8 4 BODIES HAVING COMPETENCE IN RADIOACTIVITY MONITORING 10

4.1 MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND WATER 10 4.1.1 Environmental Executive Agency 10 4.2 MINISTRY OF HEALTH 11 4.2.1 National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection 11 4.3 NUCLEAR REGULATORY AGENCY 12 4.4 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY 13 4.5 INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY 13 5 RADIOACTIVITY MONITORING PROGRAMMES 14

5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL EXECUTIVE AGENCY 14 5.1.1 Introduction 14 5.1.2 Automatic monitoring of external gamma dose rate 14 5.1.3 Monitoring of radioactivity in air 16 5.1.4 Monitoring of radioactivity in water 17 5.1.5 Monitoring of radioactivity in soil 18 5.1.6 Mobile monitoring systems 18 5.1.7 Information to the general public 18 5.2 NATIONAL CENTRE OF RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIATION PROTECTION 18 5.2.1 Introduction 18 5.2.2 Monitoring of external gamma dose rate 19 5.2.3 Monitoring of radioactivity in air 19 5.2.4 Monitoring of radioactivity in atmospheric deposition 19 5.2.5 Monitoring of radioactivity in water 20 5.2.6 Monitoring of radioactivity in soil 20 5.2.7 Monitoring of radioactivity in terrestrial flora 20 5.2.8 Monitoring of radioactivity in food 21 5.2.9 Information to the general public 21 5.3 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY 22 5.3.1 Monitoring of radioactivity in air and atmospheric deposition 22 5.4 INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY 23 5.4.1 CBRN monitoring vehicle 23

Page 3 of 31 Art. 35 Technical Report – BG 18-02

6 VERIFICATIONS 24

6.1 GENERAL DIRECTORATE FIRE SAFETY AND CIVIL PROTECTION 24 6.1.1 Stand-by duty service 24 6.2 NUCLEAR REGULATORY AGENCY 24 6.2.1 Mobile laboratory 24 6.3 NATIONAL CENTRE FOR RADIOBIOLOGY AND RADIATION PROTECTION 24 6.3.1 Public Exposure Monitoring Laboratory 24 6.3.2 Radiation Expertise and Radon Monitoring Laboratory 26 6.4 EXECUTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY 26 6.4.1 Atmospheric radioactivity monitoring station 26 6.4.2 Laboratory for radiological measurements 27 6.4.3 Early warning system data centre 27 6.5 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY 28 6.5.1 Sampling for atmospheric radioactivity monitoring 28 6.5.2 Laboratory 28 6.6 INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY 29 6.6.1 Mobile CBRN laboratory 29 7 CONCLUSIONS 30

Annexes Annex 1 Verification programme

Abbreviations CBRN Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear EEA Executive Environmental Agency EURDEP EUropean Radiological Data Exchange Platform GM Geiger-Müller HPGe High-purity Germanium IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency ICP-MS Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry INRNE Institute for Nuc