LYNN

LYNNFIELD

MAR'BLEHEAD

NAHANT

- >J . . . . :< 7 , - :. SAUGUS ?, '-"*i -. . --. 1. - . ;. ;. . - 7 x.. ->. .-,I - .. - ,, ,I -*, i 5: .* . I.. -- ,I- : 1 8. . SWAMPSCOTT !PHI3 mISH POPULATION OF GREATER LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS

(Lynn, Lynnf ield , Marblehead, Saws, ~wampscott)

A DENOGRAPHIC STUDY - 1956

TRE JEWISH CmmJZDERATION OF GREATER LYNN 45 Market Street Lynn, Mass. - OF GREATER LYNN, Inc. 45 MARKET STREET, LYNN, MASS. . Telephone Lynn 5-5648

SERVING LYNN, LYNNFIELD, MARBLEHEAD, NAHANT, SAUGUS AND SWAMPSCOm

Harold 0. Zimman, President Jewish Community Federa.tion 45 Market Street Lynn, Mass.

Dear Harold:

We are indeed pleased to submit the completed report on the study of the Jewish P3pulation of Greater Lynn, Mass. We have included herewith an analysis of the major demographic characteristics of our Jewish community together with a compilation of supporting tables and statistics.

This completes phase one of a two-fold study of the Jewish population of r Grea.ter Lynn, which includes Lynn, Lynnfield, Swampscott, Marblehead, Nahant and Sa.ugus. The second section of the study dealing with the needs of our older citizens will get under way this Fall.

The success of our survey was due primarily to the work of our committees, especially the technical sub-cormnittee, which had direct overall responsibility for the project. We wish at this time to express our appreciation to the more than 150 volunteer interviewers whose telephone and home visit contacts accom- plished the phenomenal job of securing valuable information from our 3,000 local Jewish families. We also wish to thank the Executive Director and staff of the Federation for its competent handling of the many details of this very large study project. Finally, we wish to acknowledge the assistance of Martin Greenberg, Regional Director and Alvin Chenkin, Technical C.,nsultant of the Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds.

Our efforts have already borne fruit. Lists of all types have now been dis- tributed to our agencies, congregations, schools and organizations. This is indeed a demonstration of how Federation ca.n provide valuable help to those who are planning a.nd carryin3 out vital Jewish community programs.

Sincerely yours,

DR. E7m. V. SAUL DAVID L. WINER Chairman Cho imlan Technical Sub-Co~unittee Social Planning Committee SOCIAL PLANNING COMYII'ITEE

David L. \liner, Chairman hlrs. Harry Abrams Dr. Ellis hlichelson Zelman Berdichevsky Mrs. Bernard Miller Benjamin Bockser Maurice 0. Rain Mrs. David Chaletsky Mrs. Joseph Risman Rabbi Meyer Finkelstein Dr. Harold Rubin Rabbi Samuel J. Fox Dr. Ezra V. Saul Kenne t h Ganek Irving School Mrs. Harold Giller Mrs. Jacob Shactman Harold Goodman Henry Stark Mrs. Herman Goodwin Dr. Meyer Weiner Bruce Hamlin Mrs. Harold W. Young h!r s. Frank Levine Rabbi Samuel' Zaitchik Dr. Daniel Lipman Walter Zand Sidney Lipman Mrs. Harold Zimnan Murray Lichtenstein

Study Director - Albert M. Stein Studv Coordinator - Mrs. Frances Tobin

Dr. Ezra V. Saul, Chairman

Zelman Berdichevsky Dr. Meyer Weiner Rrs. Herman &odwin David L. Winer l rving School Walter Zand Mrs. Jacob Shactman TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction Map of Greater Lynn Showing Distribution of Jewish Population Follows I11

Analysis Population Number VII Geographical Distribution VII Sex-Rat io VII Age Structure VIII Marital Status =:'.

Household Size XI1 't Employment Status XV Place of Employment XVI Current Jewish Education XVII Jewish Education Plans Congregational Membership XM Congregational Preferences XX Area Moved Frcan XXI Borne Ownership XXII Characteristics of Aged XXIII Appendix A Major Tables (For detailed listing see following page) Appendix B Background Materials Technical Note 81 General Instructions to Interviewers 83 Special Instructions - Worksheet 84 Suwested Interview Statement 86 Introductory Letter Mailed to Residents Follows Above Study Questionnaire Follows Above List of Volunteer Interviewers Inside of Back Cover List of Swmnary Tables and Figures in Text Figures 1-5 Age-Sex Pyramids Follows VIII Wble A Geographical Distribution of Jewish Population VII B Sex Ratios VIII C Percentage Distribution of Marital Status by Sex and Age X D Percentage Distribution of Marital Status by Area XI E Average busehold Size by Area XI1 F Percentage Distribution of Households by Size and Area XI11 G Average Size of Jewish Households in Other Communities Xrv H Percentage Distribution of Employed by Areas of IiZnployment XVI I Percentage Employed Heads of Eouseholds to All mployed by Area and Sex XVII (continued) List of Summarg Tables and Figures in Text (continued) Table J Current Jewish School Enrollment XVII K Plans for Future Jewish School Enrollment XVII L Fall 1955 Jewish Education Enrollment Rates by Ages 5-13 XVIII M Congregational Affiliation by Area XLX N Distribution of Congre@;ational bmberships by Area XM 0 Distribution of Congregational Memberships by Selected Age Grouping of Head of Household Households With Congregational Affiliations Compared With Preferences of Unaffiliated Households . XX Mobility Within Greater Ignn XXI Movement Within Greater Lynn 1951-1955 XXII Home Ownership Status for Households Moved in 1951-1955 XXIII Percentage Distribution of Households With Aged Members XXIV Distribution of Greater Lynn's Aged Population by Area XXIV Percentage Distribution of Older hhabitants by Marital Status and Size of Household Proportion of Owned Hames by Size of Household List of Major Tables in Appendix A Table I Age Distribution by Sex and Area 1 I1 Marital Status by Sex and Area 3 I11 Size of Eousehold by Age of Head and Area 11 N Employment Status by Age, Sex, and Area 19 V Number of Households With Employed Members by Number Employed, Size of Household, and Area 27 VI Place of Employment by Age, Sex, and Area 28 VII Place of Employment of Employed Heads of Households by Age, Sex, and Area 36 VIII Current Jewish School Attendence by Type and Sex 44 M Jewish Education Plans by Sex, Type, and Area 45 X Congregational ~embership(s)by Age of Head of Household and Area 53 XI Congregational Preferences of Bouseholds by Age of Head of Household and Area 56 XI1 Town of Iast Previous Residence and Number of Years Since Last Move 58 XI11 Home Ownership Status by Area 62 XIV Number of Households With One or More Aged Members by Size of Household and Area 63 XIV A Proportion of Households With Aged Members to Total Number of Households by Size of Household and Area 63 IN Aged Individuals by Age, Size of Household, Sex, and Area 64 XVI Relationship to Head of Household of Persons Aged 65 and Over, by Sex, Area, and Age 70 XVII Congregational ~embership(s)of Households With Aged Member(s) by Area 73 XVII A Congregational Pmference (s) of Households With Aged Member (s ) by Area 73 XVIII Home Ownership Status of Households With One or More Aged Members by Size of Household and Area 74 XIX Date of Last Move Made by Households With Aged Members by Area and Town Moved Fram 75 JmJISH CmFEDERATION OF GREATW LYNN, INC. 45 Market Street, Lynn, Mass.

INTRODUCTION

The decision to embark on a Population Study stemmed from the remarlcable changes in the character, size and location of the Jewish population of Greater Lynn following the end of World War 11. As a re- sult it was seen as important to understand effects of these chawes on the planning of programs by local congregations, Jewish schools and social agencies. Greater Lynn is located on the North Shore, fifteen miles above Boston. It includes the city of Lynn and the towns of -field, Saugus, Nahant, Marblehead and Swampscott. As part of the suburban movement noted throughout the country, many Jews were known to be moving from sections of Greater Boston to the seashore communities with the largest movement into the resort towns of Swampscott and Marblehead. These people were coming from Boston proper, from Chelsea, Everett, Malden, Newton and Brookline - in other words the major congested areas of Jewish population in Greater Boston. In addition Jews were moving from West Lynn and East Liynn to Swampscott and Marblehead. Local Jewish residents were cognizant of this movement but they didn't know specific all^ how many had moved in, where they came from, what were their interests and identifications, and thus didn't knaw how to assess or plan for the changes in programs which all organizations must make to met the needs of this new situation. At meetings of our Federation Social Planning Connnittee, lay and professional leaders of congregations, schools and social agencies asked that a way be found to get "the facts": They wanted to knaw: How many people have moved in the newer residential areas and who are they? Where did they come from? Are they affiliating with schools, synagogues, centers? How can these newcomers be reached and woven into the fabric of a community which must serve their needs as Jews? What does the "new look" of our community mean for the future location of our schools and synagogues? Do we need new and increased services and facilities for our aged? Should the Jewish Community Center be relocated? I?lese and many other very real questions led to the decision of the Social Planning Committee to sponsor a population study. TBE FEDEFUiTION DECISION In June 1955, after 6 months of committee discussion, the deci- sion to carry out a population study was made by the Executive Committee of the Federation and the sum of $3,900.00 was voted to cover the costs of this project. STUDY ORGANIZATION

Although the primary responsibility for the study was in the hands of the Full Social Planning Committee, under the chairmanship of David L. Winer, the actual manageaent of the study froan the development of the questionnaire through the recrul-tment of volunteers, the inter- viewing, the compilation and analysis of the fiadings, was hsndled by a &1 technical committee headed by Dr. Ezra V. Saul, Assistant Professor of Educational Psychology at Tufts Unlrnrsity. Other members of the Technicsl Committee included: Zelman Berdicfievslqy, Mrs, Herman Goodwin, Irving School, Mrs. Jacob Sbactman, Dr. Meyer Weiner, hvid L. Winer and Walter Zand. * The Director of the study was the Federation Executive Director, Albert M. Stein and he was atded by a study coordinator, Mrs. Frances L. Tobin and by Federation staff members, Lucille Litvack and William M. Pruss.

A SPECIAL KIND OF STUDY

A special note introduced into the discussions about such a studs was the desire for specific practical data - not trend information. What - was wanted were lists, names and addresses, with groupings of these lists by sections of the city, by age groups, by affiliation and non-affiliation with all types of programs, etc. The need, and the demand, were for "working tools" to be used by the Jewish organizations, agencies and in- stitutions so they could "act" on the information supplied,

This clear mandate for a "practical and usable" study forced a cmumg80~6decision to be made by the committee charged with carrying out the project. To do what was required meant a radical departure from the traditional population study both as to content and method, A new "short cut1' approach had to be found if a quiz of every Jewish family in the corn- munity - (over 3,000 families) - was to be carried out otherwise ti job at hanil would.be prohibitive in terms of man pier and costs.

5 first decision made was to eliminate such traditional questions .a8those on nativity, citizenship, etc., and to include only those items uMch met the criterion of use as "workfag tools", This brought abut the reduction of the nder of questions fmaa the 30 to 40 used in other pop- ulation studies to only 18 simply worded items, .-- A UNIQUE METHOD - HOW AND WHY IT WORKEDRKED The plan called for the adoption of a short cut telephone pofl method. -. It was agreed -inadvance that we had to have at bast 8% succesa- f'ul results Irg thls method as a prerequisite to its use. A pilot study tested this appro&ch..to our satisfaction and the f'ull study shawed close to " gOqb success by telephone, with an additional 5$ coverage obtained by special hosle visits.

. .

' ' Bowever,. it is important to note that thie telephone method was Successfulmly because we created the favorable canditions which mads- suc- -. cess possible. Wse pre-conditioning elements are listed as fallms: . - ..

. -

~ssisting-themembers of this committee were staff embers of the ...... Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare finds: Ma;-tin Greenberg,

- lkEngland Regional Director and Alvin Chenkin Director of the ...... Statistical Unit in that or@mizationts national office. . . . . ,. . -. .- - ..

. . . .- . . 1. The questionnaire was devised both as to content and format so as to restrict each interview by telephone to less than 5 minutes. Actually, it was found that as the interviewer became more experienced the time of each contact was closer to 3 minutes.

2. We embarked on an elaborate and carefully worked out Job of conditioning the cmunity to cooperate. This preparation phase took 9 weeks of intensive work by the study director and technical committee before the study was launched:

a. Discussion of the need and the survey plan took place with the president of almost every adult organization in the community. This job was done by the study director. b. Discussions were arranged at membership meetings of major Jewish orgpnizations, congregations and agencies. This part of the work was covered by members of the technical committee.

c. Involvement of over 20 adult organizations in takir- "their share", of responsibility for volunteer work at the telephone center. d. Carefully timed newspaper publicity. e. Finally, special letters were sent to the head of each family explaining the need and study plan and asking each family to cooperate with the interviewer. These letters were staggered so as to arrive a few days before the actual interview call.

TEE JEIISH POPULATION OF GREATER LYNN, MASSACHaSETTS - 1955*

SUMMARY

NUMBER There were an estimated 10,391 Jews residing in Greater Lynn in Fall 1955. This was sligh+,ly more than the 10,000 figure used by the community in recent years.

GEOGRAPHICAL The bulk of Greater Lynn's Jewish population was located in DISTRIBUTION four areas: East and West Lynn (50.2 per cent) and Marble- head and Swmnpscott (46.5 per cent). Saugus, Nahant and Lynnfield together accounted for less than four per cent of the total.

SEX There were slightly more males than females in the total population. Contrary to most experience elsewhere the median age of males was above that for females 33.2 to 32.7.

AGF, Thirty-five per cent of Greater Lynn's Jewish population STRUCTURF: were under 20 years of age; 57 per cent between the ages 20 and 64; and seven per cent 65 years and over. The pro- portion of aged to total population is lower than the United States aver- age of ei&t per cent.

The effects of the current increase in children born plus in-migration of age-selective groups from outside Lynn is evidenced in the relatively small proportion of Lynn's Jews to be found in the age groups from 15 to 29.

MARITAL Three quarters of Greater Lynn's Jewish population over the STATUS age of 13 were married, 19 per cent single, five per cent widowed and one per cent divorced or separated.

The bulk of the single individuals were under 25. While the average age at marriage was older than for the general population, the number which remained single was very -11, less than seven per cent for the age group 35-39 and on.

The proportion widowed was almost a quarter of all those in the age group 65-69 increasing for succeeding five-year age groups. The number of widows compared to widuwers was substantially greater, consistent with surveys of other comnunities.

HOUSEHOLD Greater Lynn's average household size was 3.30. This was SIZE slightly higher than the average size Pound in almost all Jewish communities surveyed in the period from 1940 on, Much variation in size existed between the old and new areas of Greater Lynn: 3.0 and 2.9 in East and West Lynn, 4.0 and 3.6 in Marblehead and Swampscott.

* The analysis following was prepared by Alvin Chenkin, Director of the Statistical Unit, Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds, who served as technical consultant to the Study. While the four-person household was most prevalent in Greater Ignn as a whole, the older areas of settlement in Greater Lynn - East and West Liynn - had more two-person households than any other size. EMPLOYMENT Approximately 44 per cent of Greater Lynn's Jewish popula- tion over 13 was in the labor force; of males more than three- quarteks were in the labor force, of females, 11 per cent. Almost none under 20 years of age were employed reflecting the traditional emphasis on education prevalent in Jewish communities.

Most households (88 per cent) had only one employed member and there were only 45 households in all Greater Lynn which had more than two employed persons.

Almost 60 per cent of Greater Lynn's employed individuals worked in Greater Lynn; 37 per cent worked in various North Shore towns or in Boston; a small remainder, under seven per cent, worked elsewhere.

A larger proportion of East and West Lynn's employed worked in Greater Lynn than did the employed of MarSlehead and Smmpscott. Simi- larly, more fenales, proportionately, were eaployed in Greater Lynn than were males.

3lWISH Six out of every ten boys and girls in the age group five to EDUCATION 12 were receiving some form of Jewish education with plans made for an additional two children.

Peak enrollment begins at age nine and drops after 12 although almost half of the thirteen year olds were still enrolled for Jewish education

The largest enrollment (59 per cent) was in the schools of the three conservative temples. The enrollments of the new Reform Temple, the Orthodox Congregation, and the Lynn Hebrew School ranged from 13 to seven per cent. All others accounted for eight per cent of total eraollment.

CONGRFGA!CIONAL Over three-quarters of Greater Ipn's households were affili- MEMBERSHIP ated with one or more congregations. The rate of affiliation was generally highest in the newer areas of settlement, lower in the older. More than half had Conservative Temple memberships with the Orthodox affiliation a close second. The Reform Temple, newly organized, accounted for seven per cent of all affiliated households.

The Orthodox memberships were centered in West Lynn and to a lesser extent East Lynn, while the Conservative affiliations predominated in the newer areas of settlement. The Reform affiliations were almost entirely in Marblehead and Swampscott.

In general the older inhabitants showed a stronger prefer- ence for Orthodox affiliation, the younger for Conservative and Reform.

Those not affiliated reported corgregational preferences in roughly similar proportion to affiliated households but with a trend away fron the Orthodox congregation. MOBILI!I!Y Mobility was quite fluid in Greater Lynn, seven out of every ten pi-esent residents having moved within the past ten years. Two-fifths of all those who last moved within five years of the study came from outside Greater Lynn, the bulk of these to the towns other than East and Vest Lynn. The general trend of movement is toward Marblehead and Swamp- scott since increeeing numbers of households from %st and West Lynn are also moving to these two towns. HOME Owned homes rather than rented is the rule rather than the OWNERSHIP exception in Greater Lynn. Although the general percentage of home ownership in Greater L~Mis 61 per cent, the newer areas of settlement showed rates f~un83 per cent to 100 per cent. GREATER Seven per cent of Greater Lynnfs total population were aged LYNN'S AGED 65 and over and of these 83 per cent resided in West and POPULATION East Ignn (respectively 57 per cent and 26 per cent).

The distribution of households with aged members by size showed that almost half were two person households while another sixth comprised one aged individual only.

The pattern of living for Greater Lynn's aged population is largely one of living with spouse or alone, residing in either East or West with less than half owning their own homes. The majority of households with aged members reported Orthodox affiliations or preferences. The remainder were Conservative, the Reform grouping accounting for no more than three per cent of such households. VII

NUMBER At the time of the population study undertaken in Fall 1955, an estimated total of 10,391 Jews resided in Greater Lynn, an area covering East and West Lynn* and the adjacent towns of Saugus, Nahant, wield, Marblehead and Swampscott.

The term estimate is employed because 119 households out of a total master list of 3,163 could not be reached by interviewers. Using the information on average househola size derived from the households sur- veyed, 343 individuals were added to the 10,048 Jews from whom data were secured during the course of the Study. All of the information provided below is based upon the Study total of 3,044 households and 10,048 individuals interviewed.

GEOGRAPHICAL Slightly more than half the total Jewish population of Greater DISTRIBUTION Lynn resided in the original areas of settlement, East and West Lynn. The bulk of tAe remainder was found in Swampscott and Marblehead. Table A following gives the geographical distribution of Greater Lynn's Jewish population as of the Fall 1955.

!rABU A. GECGRAPEICAL DISTRfBUTION OF GREAm LYNN'S JEWISH POPULATION - 1959 Total Male Female Per Per Per Tam Number Cent Number Cent Number Cent EAST LYNN WEST LYNN SAUGTJS NAHAN'J? LYI'mFIEfS Mmm SGJAMPSCOTT GRERTER LYNN

SEX-RATIO The number of males and females in Greater Lynn's Jewish population was quite similar. This relationship is inportant because any sharp disparity between the nuniber of males and females, particu- larly in the marriageable ages, has an effect on the ability of a group to reproduce itself within the confines of its own traditions. Table B following gives the "sex-ratios" (expressed in terms of the number of males for every 100 females) for each area in Greater Lynn expressed for all ages and for ages 15-24.

*West Lynn is separated from East Lynn by a line drawn from the ocean front north-west along Washington Street until Essex Street; than north-east along Essex Street until the Swampscott town line. VIII GREATER LYNN'S SEX-RATIOS

Total Ages Town Population 15-24

EAST LYNN WEST Lrn SAUGUS NAHANT LYMVFIELD MaRBm SWAMPSCOTT GBlwm LYNN

Ignoring the results in Saugus, Xahant, and Lynnfield, whose small Jewish populations give rise to extreme ratios, the sex ratios are very close to 100 for the general population in the four heavily populated areas. When the analysis is limited to the ages 15-24,' the ratios are some- what higher but even here the highest is the 112.1 for Smpscott. The ex- cess of males over females in the younger age groups is consistent with the generally observed fact that more boys are born on the averase than females. It is not until the later age groups that the =eater longevity of females begins to reverse this.

AGE The "age-sex pyramids" shown below reproduce graphically the

STRUCTURE age structure of Gre~terIpm and of its four most populous I areas, East and West Lynn, Marblehead, and Swampscott. In these pyramids, the broader the base in relation to the top, the younger the population. The reader will note in Figure 1 that the base of the pyramid for Greater Lynn is not noticeably broader than the middle sections. In addition the age groups from 15-24 form a "hollow class", i.e. , an age group sharply deficient in numbers compared with surrounding age groups. This is most obvious in the 20-24 year group corresponding to the birth years 1931-1935. The depression period had a definite effect in cutting back the number of births.

In camparing the individual figures for the four densest areas of Jewish population, we see sharp differences. In East and West Ipm the pyramids show strong rectilinear forms characteristic of populations in which the aged form a large component part. Indeed, for West Lynn (Figure 3) the proportion of the populat.',on found in the age group 65-69 is, for males, exceeded in the age groups under 40 only by the 5 to 9 year olds, and for females, by the 10 to 14 year olds. By contrast, Figure 4 for Marblehead shows the characteristically broad base of a "youthhl" population up to the age of 14. Then there are sharply deficient age groups until age 30 with the largest age group (exclusive of children) being in the 35-39 class. Figure 5 (~wampscott)is not as extreme, although showing the same general tendencies as the figure for Marblehead.

Data described later in the text show that the age structure for these last two towns is strongly affected by selec-Live immigration from East and West Lynn and from surrounding areas outside of Greater Lynn. -- AGE-

MALE FEMALE

PER CENT figure 2 AGE- SEX PYRAMID (EAST LYNN) AGE

65332101 23456 PER CENT Figure 3 - AGE-SEX PYRAMID (WESTLYNN)

-MALE

PER CENT Figure 4 - AGE-SEX PYRAMID (MARBLEHEAD) AGE

MALE FEMALE

PER CENT Figure 5 GE-SEX PYRAMID (SWAMPSCOTT) -AGE

MALE FEMALE

PER CENT MARITAL Of the Jewish population of Lynn 14 years of age and over, STATUS abou.: 15 out of 20 were married, not quite four in the 20 single, one widowed, the remainder either divorced or status unknown. Actually, the prevalence of the married state among Jews in Lynn is even greater than the above figures would seem to indicate. As is evidenced in other Jewish population studies, the average age at which Jews marry tends to be later than for the general population. Thus when .the proportions are looked at in terms of specific age groups we find that less than one per cent of those under 20 are married, for those 20-24 about one- third are married, but for the 25-29 year group 79 per cent were married. The figures for all age groups follow: TABLE C. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF MARITAL STATUS BY SEX AND SPECIFIC AGE GROUPS GREATER LYNN JEWISH POPULATION - 1955

Marital Status Single Married Widowed DivorcedSeprated -Unkmn Age Group Male- Fenale Total aFemale Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male- Female Total UNDER 20 99.5 98.8 99.2 20-24 86.5 47.4 66.1 25-29 25.4 8.7 15.7 30-34 9.9 5.3 7.3 35-39 7.3 5.1 6.2

9-94 - - - NO AGE GIVEN 62.5 11.1 12.0

TOTAL - ALL AGES 21.2 16.0 18.6 The f'act that men ntarry later in life than women is also clear from the above table; only 13 per cent of the males in the 20-24 year age group were married while for females the respective percentage was over one-half.

The proportion of the population which is widowed is of particular concern to a community because of the many social problems which often are the result of this situation. Those widowed before 50 (ages at which dependent children may most likely be found) comprised from less than one per cent of each specific five-year age grouping under 40 to two per cent of all those in the 45 to 49 age group. After 50, the rate of widowhood rises sharply. w all those 65 to 69 years old, almost one-fourth were widowed.

Similar to the experience noted in other communities, the number of widows was far higher than widowers. By age 50-54 ten per cent of all females in that age group were widows compared with only one per cent of all males. By 65-69 the proportions were: females, 36 per cent; males, 12 per cent.

These sex differences are due to a variety of causes. For one, warnen have a greater life expectancy, for two, husbands are older than wives on the average (and thus on the average die earlier) , and finally widowers probably re-marry to a greater extent than widows.

By interyreting these figures (and other tables in this report with age groupings) it is important to recognize that these data relate not to "cohort" experience, i. e. , the exprience of those born in a specified five-year period and then carried through successive five-year periods until their death, but to Lynn's total population taken at one point of time. It is therefore quite possilole (and to be expected) that the experience shown for a specific age group will not be repeated to the same exact degree when individuals now in the younger age groupings arrive at the same age. For example, medical and social advances may reduce male mortality and as a consequence the relative imbalance between widows and widowers in the middle year age groups m- decrease.

The proportion of divorced and separated were inconsequential, half of one per cent. For aee groups up to 60, the rates for women were higher, reflecting most probably the higher male re-marriage rate reported for the general population.

TABU D. PERCEM!A(% DISTRIBUTIOE, MARITAL SIIATUS, BY AREX, GRWE3 LYNN - 1955 Greater East West Lynn- Marble- Swamp- MaritaJ. Status Lynn L;ynn Imm Saums IWmnt field head scott Smm 18.6 19.1 20.3 24.1 11.1 8.1 12.8 19.7 MARRIED 74.4 71.9 69.1 69.4 84.4 90.3 84.3 76.7 WIDOWED 5.5 7.1 8.7 2.8 4.4 1.6 2.0 2.5 DIVORC~-SEPARATED 0.5 1.0 0.6 1.9 - - 0.1 0.3 STATUS UNKNWN 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.9 - - 0.8 0.9 TOTAL MlMBER 7,257 1,766 2,243 108 45 C 62 1,125 1,908 The sectional differences apparent in the table above are reflections of the differences in age structure. Speaking generally, those sections with many young people over 13 but under 24 will show a large proportion single, viz.: East and West Lynn, Saugus, Swampscott; those with larger proportions between 25 and, say, 54 will show the highest rates for marriage, viz.: Nahant, Lynnfield, Marblehead; while those with pro- portionately larger numbers over 54 will show a concurrent increase in the ratio widowed, viz.: East and West Lynn.

It is instructive to compare West Lynn with Swampscott. Both have almost identical proportions of single - 20.3 per cent for the former, 19.7 per cent for the latter. In the case of West Lynn this is a result of a population "older" than any of the other areas comprising Greater Lynn. As a result 41 per cent of that section's single iadividuals are 25 and over. For Swampscott the same age grouping is only 14 per cent. The current marriage rate for West Lynn is lower tbn for Swampscott, 69.1 per cent campared with 76.7 per cent. However, when both married and widowed are counted, the proportions are more nearly equal - 77.8 per cent to 79.2. HOUSEH0I;D The average household size in Greater Lynn was 3.30, slightly SIZE higher than the average found in many of the studies made of other Jewish communi-ties in the forties and early fifties.

The average size varied quite widely among Greater Qm's areas - the low point beiw 2.92 for West Lynn, the high, 3.95 for Marblehead.

T-4BLE E. AVEWGE H0USEIK)W SIZE BY AREA, 1955

Number Average of Per Area Size Eouseholds -Cent WTLYNN WEST LYNN SAUGUS NAHANT LYrWIEI;D mm SWAMPSCOTT GREATER LYNN

* Household in this study includes all related members (by blood or marriage) living together in one dwelling unit.

The household size most commonly found in Greater Lynn was the four person household (33 per cent); next the two person household (24 per cent) followed closely by three person (22 per cent). The other two sizes of any importance were five person households (12 per cent) and single person households (6 per cent). Striking differences are apparent when these data are pre- sented town by tam in Table "F" below.

PERCENTAGE DISmIBmION OF HOUSEHOLDS BY SIZE AND AREA

Household Size Not Area -1 -2 3 4 2 6 2 Given EAST LYNN WEST LYNN SAUGUS NAHANT LYNNJrnLD MAliB- SWAMPSCOTT GrCEATER LYNN

#mhsn.5 of one per cent.

In the older sections of Greater Lynn, i.e., East and West Lynn, two person households predominate although in East Lynn the second most numerous size is the four person household. In these sections there is a larger proportion of households with heads aged 55 and over and it is in these age brackets that we find a large number of two person households. In these same sections and age groups there is also fo~nda relatively large number of single person households.

GJhen the newer sections are looked at, we find that Marble- head, the town with proportionately the largest number of households headed by younger adults, has almost one-half its households comprised of four persons, almost three-quarters, four or more.

Swampscott, the other sizeable new area of settlement, also has the four person household as the most numerous. In distinctzon to Marblehead, huwever, both two and three person households are more numerous than five person households.

!The fact that Greater Lynn's average household is larger than the repo~tedsizes for most of the other Jewish communities in the past decade and a half (see Tbble "G" below) lends credence to the belief that it is larger now for Lynn compared with that community's past period. XIV AVERAGE SIZE OF WISH HOUSEHOmS

Comnit3- Date of Studg Size Comunitg Date of Study Size

Jacksonville Port Chester Grand Rapids Elmira Inclianapolis Los Angeles Camden Toledo Nashville Utica Trenton New Orleans Gary Tucson Erie Miami Worcester Salt Iake City Passaic

The question of the degree to which this reflects increased fertility (and the possibility of the natural increase for mn~ewry) is however still in doubt.

On the one hand, the putative increase in Ipm's average house- hold size is largely the result of selective in-migration from other areas to such tams as Marblehead and Swampscott. The average household size in these two tams for households whose heads were 45-49 (and whose wives were presumably at or near the end of the biologically possible period of fertility) were: Marblehead 4.2, Swampscott 3.9. These figures are of course extremely crude when used as a substitute for nuuber of children ever born to mother: college students away from home are excluded, children who may have deceased are not counted, and other than the immediate family of parents and children may be included. But it should be borne in mind that in the long run more than two children per Jewish family are required simply to perpetuate the nunber of Jews at the present level because of (1) Jews who do not marry, (2) deaths before marriage age (which for Jews is relatively late), (3) inter-marriage which was not probed by this study but which is estimated, based on Canadian and other American studies at from five to 10 per cent.

The average size of household in Marblehead and Swampscott for those headed by individuals aged 30-34 and 35-39 was as follows :

Age of Head 30-34 35-39

For Swampscott the average size for the households headed by the two age groups given above is larger than for households headed by the age group 45-49; in Marblehead slightly smaller. It is a matter of con- jecture whether the average size of household now shown for those headed by the 30-34 and 35-39 age groups will increase, i.e., whether more children will be born or whether families are simply having their children sooner because of improved economic and social conditions. It is obvious, however, that the average number of children born to Jewish mothers mst exceed a figure in the neighborhpod of 2.5 (equivalent to a household siza.5 if all childmn are living and present except for the father and mc5her) if an increase 113 the Jewish population is to be sustained. (%re h&s pro2~'c?-: been an increase similar to that observed for the general po ulation attrib- utable to (1) the decline in mortality to rscord lows and (27 the lowering of the aversge marital age with a consequent quickening of the birthrate. But the factors discussed above relate to the long-term factors required to sustain an increase in the American Jewish population from natural causes. )

33- Three thousand one hundred and twenty-three of Greater Qmgs total population over 13 of 7,255 were employed, or 43 per cent. Another one per cent were unemployed, making almost 45 per cent in the labor force. The next highest proportions were housewives (36 per cent), students (8 per cent) and retired (4 per cent). Approximately eeven per cent did not provide infornration. There is naturally a wide difference when the employ- ment status is shawn se~ratelyfor males and fermles. Mom than three- quarters of the males over 13 are in the labor force compred with 11 per cent for females.

The Jewish population, with its emphasis on education, ha8 very few individuals under 20 years of age enrployed. If thle age group 16 excluded the proport5ons for malee and females becanse respectively 55 per cent and 12 per cent, while for males and females together, the proportion employed rose from 43 per cent to 48 per cent. Sectional differences are also apparent here based largely upon differences in the relative mber of those 14 through 19 and over 65.

For the four moat populated areas, the propomions employed were as follcms:

Prmrtion Ehmloyed Area --Total 24d.e Female EAST LYNN 45 77 14 WEST LYNN 43 71 16 MARB- 44 83 4 SWAMPSCOTP 42 76 6

The closeness of the total proportion smployed in each of the above areas conceals scm sharp differences. Weat Ipn aa tb section with the largest number of older inhabitants and concmently the rnnallest number of dependent children has at one time both the snrrllest proportion of employed males and the largest proportion of employed females. At the other extreme, Marblehead with the largest pro?ortion of "young" families has the greatest proportion of employed males an' the smallest for employed females. The other two sections fall 113 between, Ust Qmn bein& generslly closest to West Iynn and 8wampscott to PIarbIzhead. For Greater Lynn a whole, most households - 88 out of a hundred - reported only cw employed person. Here too area differences are apparent. Marblehead, w'ich has the largest proportion of young complete households of the four csnsest areas reveals tkt 95 per cent of their households with employed members had only one a-aber employed, whsreas West Lynn dropped to 82 per cent. Relatively few households had more than two employed indiv- iduals - 45 in all Zynn and the bulk of these - 34 - were in East and West Lynn. PLACE OF host six out of every ten employed persons worked in Greater EMPLmNT L7y-m. Of the remainder, the largest proportion (16 per cent) worked in the Boston Combined Jewish Appeal. North Shore Area. * Another 13 per cent worked in other Boston CJA* Areas, while eight per cent were employed in other towns of the North Shore Area. A s~natteringtotalling under seven per cent worked elsewhere.

Table "H" shows the differences in employment areas for the various towns in Greater Lynn.

Employed residents of Fast and West Lynn worked largely in Greater Lynn, 67 per cent and 71 per cent respectively of all employed re- siding in these two areas. For Marblehead and S~ampscottthe proportion employed in Greater Lynn was much smaller - 35 per cent and 46 per cent. Indeed for Marblehead more employed residents worked in the two Boston CJA Areas (42 per cent) than they did in Grea%er Lynn. This trend was dso in evidence in Swampscott but to a lesser degree.

Separating the statistics on places of employment by sex, we note the not unexpected fact that msles tend to a much greater extent to be employed outside Greater Lynn than do the females. lhre 45 per cent of the employed males worked outside of Greater Lynn, only 28 per cent of the em- ployed females did likewise.

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF EP4PLOYED BY ARiUS OF ~LOYME~T

Boston Other North CJA Boston Other Other Outside Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Mass. New New No Area Residing Lynn Area Area Area Area England England Report

EAST LYNN WEST LYNN SAUGUS NAHANT LYNNFIELD MARBUEEAD SWAPIIPSCOT'I' GREATER LYNN

* Towns included in Boston CJA IJorth Shore Area: Revere, East Boston, Somerville , Canbridge, Chelsea, Everett, Wintimop, iklden, Melrose and Medford. Tuwns included in other Boston CJA Area: ROX~UI~,Dorchester, Boston (etc. ). XVII

Of Greater Lynn's total employed 85 per cent were heads of households. me proportions for the variocs areas as well as for males and females follow in Table I.

TABm I. PERCEIVWGE EMPLOYED HEADS OF HOUSEHOLDS TO ALL EMPLOYED BY P,REII AM) SM Area -Total -Male Female EAST LYNN 82.7 92.5 WEST LYNN 77.0 89.4 SAUGUS 80.0 97.2 NAHANT 94.1 94.1 LrnIEI;D 96.4 96.4 Mm- 95.3 98.7 Swmscm go. 1 96.9 Gmm LYNN 85. I. 94.0

Cm There were 647 boys and 612 girls attending same form of JEWISH Jewish school in 1%5.* The bulk of the students were EDUCATION between the ages of five and 13.

In order of their enrollment the schools used are listed below:

Number School Total Male Female

TBPIXS BETH-EL, ISRAEL, SIIUI 748 !FENPIE EMANW-EL 151 CONGREGATION AHABAT SHALOM 90 LYNN HEBREW SCHOOL 159 mTZYIDDISH SCHOOL 56 OTHER 3 4 PRIVATE 11 AIL-DAY SCHOOL -10 TOTAL 1,259 647 612

The students attending Temple Emnu-El come almost in their entirety from Marblehead and Swampscott (142 out l5l), while those attending Congregation Ahabat Shalom, the Lynn Hebrew School, and the Peretz Yiddish School come mainly from East and West Lynn (respectively 73 of 90, 143 of 159, and 35 of 56). Two of the three Conservative Temples (1srael and Sinai) drew their student body almost exclusively from Swanpscott and Marblehead but the third, Beth-El, had 201 students from East and West Lynn campared with 146 from the newer areas.

* Data relating to total school enrollments was derived from material supplied by the schools. See footnote to Table VIII in the Appendix. JEWISH The type of education planned by parents for children aged EDUCATION '2-12 was not materially different from actual enrollment PM?S experience as Table "I<" below shows.

Per Cent Per Cent Currently Reporting School Attending Plans

TEMPLE m-EL TEMPI8S BETH-EL, ISRAEL, SINAI CONGREGATION AHABAT SWM LYNN HEBREW SCHOOL PERETZ Y IDD ICH SCHOOL ALL-DAY SCHOOL PRIVATE OTHER NOT SURE OF TYFE

If we exclude the 10 per cent who have no specific plans, the distribution of those planning to send their children to specified schools comes even closer to the distribution of actual enrollment.

Of the age group 5-12, over 60 per cent of the boys and girls were currently obtaining some form of Jewish education. The parents of an additional 17 per cent of the children in this age group reported plans for Jewish education. Thus in 1955 about 80 per cent of the children 3-12 either were enrolled or had plans to be enrolled for Jewish education. The proportion of each age actually enrolled increases with age up to 9 years, then stabilizes at between 74 and 71 per cent until age 13, when it drops again to 48 per cent. The special enrollment rates by age are shown below :

FALL 1355 JXWISH EDUCATION EmOLLdiNT RATES BY AGES 5 - 13 Percentage of Enrollment to Total In Age Group COITGIEEATIONAL More than three-quarters of Lynn's households reported con- MEMBERSHIP gregational membership while just above a fifth were un- affiliated. The table below shows the variation by area:

TABU M. CONGREGATIONAL AFFILIATION BY AREA

Per Cent Non- No Area Affiliated Affiliated Report

EAST LYNN 72.1 WEST LYNN 73.7 SAUm 78.2 I?AHmT 55.0 LYNNEIE~ 64.3 I'ml33- 75.8 SWAMPSCom 86.2 cmm LYNN 76.7

me area with the largest proportfon of congregational member- ships is Swampscott; an area comprised largely of households headed by in- dividuals under 50 years of age, many children with the parents' consequent concern for their Jewish education, maqv new arrivals but not so new that there has not been the to sink roots.

Swampscott, together with Marblehead, is predominantly con- servative: in Swampscott 65 per cent of the households were so affiliated, in Marblehead, 56 per cent. By contrast only 36 per cent of ~agtLynn's households were affiliated with Conservative Congregations and in West Lynn only 11 per cent. In West Lynn, the bulk of the households were affiliated with the Orthodox Congregation - 60 per cent. Table "N" following shows the distribution by area of congrega- tional memberships for each grouping.

TABU N. DISTRIBUTION OF CONGREGATIONAL MEMBERSHLPS BY AHEA FOR EACH CONGREGATIONAL GROUPING

Area Orthodox Conservative Reform

EAST LYNN 25-7 WEST LYNN 57-9 SAUGUS 1.5 NAHANT 0-5 LrnIELD 0.5 mum 3.6 SWAMI?SCOTT 10.2 Gmm LYNN 100.0 The relationship of type of congregational membership to age. is evidenced by Table "0".

TABLE: 0. DISTRIBUTION OF CONGREGATIONAL MEMBERSHIPS BY SEUCl'ED AGE GROUPING OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD (~xclusiveof ~naffiliated )

Age of Head of Household Orthodox -Conservative Refonn 20-29 24.$ 58.4% 15.4% 60 and Over 68. @ 26.3% 2.1s

It is evident from the above that the passage of time will see a strengthening of the Conservative and Reform movements at the expense of the Orthodox grouping unless the latter make strong in-roads among either the very young or the unaffiliated.

COWGREGATION.4.L With the minor exception of Lynnfield and Nahant, the unaffili- PFEFERENCES ated households with no preference for any congregational grouping ranged from 13.8 per cent of Marblehead ' s unaffiliated households (109) to 17.5 per cent of West m.'s (228). For Greater Lynn, there were 657 households which reported no affiliation and of these 103 or 15.7 per cent reported no congregational preference. In terms of Greater Lynn's total number of households, approximately three per cent reported no congregational preferences.

For those households which expressed a preference, the greatest number, 243 or 44 per cent favored the Conservatives, while almost as many, 210 or 38 per cent listed an Orthodox preference. Ninety-seven or 18 per cent of the unaffiliated households expressed their preferences for Reform. As with the affiliated households, the proportion favoring the Orthodox congregations increased with age while the reverse was true for those households favoring the Reform movement.

Among unaffiliated households there was a somewhat stronger preference expressed for Reform and somewhat less for Conservative and Orthodox when compared with affiliated households. The comparable figures follow :

HOUSEHOIlDS WITH CONGREGATIONAL AJ?l?ILIATIONSCOMPARED WITH -1JCES OF UNAFFILIATED HOUSEHOLDS

Orthodox Conservative Reform AFFILIATED HOUSEH0U)S 4% 51% 7$ PREFEIiENCES OF UNAFFIUTED HOUSEHOLDS 3@ 44% 18% XXI

One reason for the greater interest in the Reform congrega- tional grouping shuwn by unaffiliated households is the greater proportion of "younger" households campared with the affiliated households. Approxi- mately 41 per cent of all unaffiliated households were headed by individuals in the 20 to 39 age group. The comparable gge group for the affiliated households was 25 per cent of the total number.

AKEA MOVED !Iwo thousand, nine hundred and seventy-nine households reported FROM the date of the last move for the household. Sixty-five households did not report - either the informant did not know or the respondent had been born in the presently occupied swelling. Tlie non-respondents amount to 2.1 per cent of the total replying. Of those responding, 68 per cent (2,017 hauseholds) had last moved wi+hin the past 10 years.

Sligh+,ly more than 40 per cent of these removals were from areas outside Greater Lynn. In the five year period 1951-1956, 41.7 per cent of the households which moved during these years came from outside Greater Lynn; in 1946-1950, the proportion was 40.2 per cent; in 1941-1945 it was 26.2 per cent. In the decade preceding 1941, only 22.9 per cent of the moves last originated in this period came from outside Greater Lynn. To a certain degree this would be anticipated. me question to respondents askad only place prior to last move. The further back in time we go, the greater the occurrence of household shifts, the first of which may have been from outside Greater Lynn, but the last (the one for which respondent was queried) consequently being from within Greater Lynn. For this reason, the most profitable use of the statistics in Table XI1 is limited to those respondents whose last move was made within 1951 through 1955.

The table below highlights the differences in mobility between the various areas of Greater Lynn during the most recent period of 1951 through 1955.

TABLE Q.. MOBILITY WITHIN GREATER LYNN - 1951-1955

Percentage Distribution of Number of Households Moved From Households Whose Iast Greater Outside Greater L.m Previous Address Was Area Moved To Lynn Number Per Cent Outside of Greater Lynn

EAST LYNN 217 96 30.7 WEST LYNN 204 63 23.6 SAUGUS 4 5 55.5 NAHANT 3 9 75.0 Lmnm 3 20 86.9 MAIIB~HEAD 135 162 54.5 SWAMPSCOTT 207 139 49.0 TOTAL 773 554 41.7 100.0

More than 17 per cent of all households present during the census taken in Fall 1955 had moved from outside Greater liynn during the period from 1951 on. Tm bulk of these (65 per cent) had settled in two areas - Marblehead and Swampscott, comprising 29 per cent of all households in these two areas. From 1946 on, the proportion of all present households XXII

in Marblehead and Swampscott which had moved from outside Greater Lynn in this period was 41 per cent. Ths comparable percentages for East and West JLym combined were 9.3 per cent for 1951-1955 and 15.3 per cent for the period 1946 on.

The above statistics reveal clearly how Lynn's Jewish popula- tion has been swelled by movement fram the outside and how most of this influx has been directed towards Marblehead and Swampscott. But this does not take into consideration the Further fact of population movement within Greater Lynn itself and also directed tmrds these two areas. The following table shows - for every household which reported that it moved from a Greater I$nn address in 1951-55 - the area from and to which moved.

TABLE R. MOVEME3T WITHIN GIiEATER LmJ - 1951-1955 Areas Moved Fron East and Lynn- Marble- Swamp- Greater Area Moved To head scott Lynn

EAST LYNN 204 WEST LYNIJ 198 SAUGUS 2 NAHANT 2 LYI'JNFJELD 2 MARB- 93 SWAMPSCOTT 141 GREA'PER LYNN 642

Most of the households situated in Marblehead and Swampscott elected to stay in these tams when they decided to move during the years 1951 to 1955 - almost 90 per cent in the case of Marblehead, 85 per cent for Swampscott. For East and West Lynn the comparable percentage of households moving within the same area is only 63 per cent. The remainder (36 per cent) with the minor exception of six households which moved to Saugus, Nahant, and Lynnfield moved to Marblehead and Swmpscott. Of the two towns, Swampscott had about one and one-half as many removals to it from East and West Lynn as did Marblehead. Within this past period - 1951-1955 - there has been much less movement within Marblehead and Swm?scott as com~redwith the older sections, East and West Lynn. For the former towns the households which moved repre- sented seven per cent and 11 per cent respectively of the total households now residing in these towns. For East an9bTest QWI the comparable percentage was 38 per cent.

HOMe The maJority of hams in Greater Lynn are owned rather than OWNERSHIP rented - 61 per cent compared with 38 per cent. In the towns outside ~adtand West Lynn fie proportion of owned to rented homes is very much higher than this general average, ranging from 83 per cent in Saugus to 100 per cent in Lynnfield. That these patterns will be maintained may be seen from Table "St' giving for those households which have moved during 1951-1955 information on whether they moved from within Greater Lynn or from outside, and whether present home is owned or rented. HOME WNERSEIP STATUS FOR HOUSEHOIDS MOVED IN 1951-1955 Home Owner St~tusby Areas Moved To East West Ij?m- Marble- Swamp- -(a) ~~gnn(b) Saugus Whant field head(c) scott Moved Frm --Own Rent --Own Rent --Own Rent --Own Rent --Own Rent --Own Rent --Own Rent EAST AM) WEST LYNN 73 130 45 152 1 1 2 - - 2 89 4 114 27 smus - - - -1 ------2 - IIAHANT - - - - - 11- - - 1 - - - LYNNFIELD - 1 - 1- - - - - 1 - - 1 - MARBIEHEAD - 3 - 1------20 1 9 1 SWAMP SCOT^^ 3 6 - 4------20- 476

AREAS OUTSlDE GREATER LYNN 17 78 28 34 4 1 g - 20 - 155 6 171 28 -. - GRAND TOTAL 93 218 73 192 6 3 12 - 20 3 285 11 344 62

(a)es two non-reports, one in Greater Lynn and one from outside Greater Lynn. (b) Includes two non-reports, one in Greater Lyln and one from outside Greater Lynn. (c) Includes one non-report, from outside Greater Lynn.

AGE0 SECTION Over one-half the households with individuals aged 65 and over are situated in West Lynn with the next largest cluster in East Ipnn (28 per cent). Of the remaining towns in Greater Lynn only Swampscott accounted for as much as ten per cent of households with aged members. Approximately 18 per cent of all Greater Lynn's households had members aged 65 and over. The largest number of these households (259 or 48 per cent) were two person households while one and three person households folluwed with 17 and 16 per cent respectively. Less than 20 per cent of households with one or more aged persons had four or more individuals in the household. The key fact here is that over 84 per cent of Lynn's house- holds with older members are situated in East and West Lynn. In this area one-half of all the single person households were comprised of individuals 65 and over, while 40 per cent of all two person households had at least one aged person. Table "TI' below shows both the distribution throughout Greater Lynn of households with aged members and the relative proportion of these households to total householders in each area. TABLE T.- PERCENTACZE DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHODS WITH AGED mERS IN GREATER LYNN - 1m Percentage Per Cent of Distribution of Households With Households With Aged Members to Area Aged Members Total Households EAST LYNN WEST LYNN SAUGUS NAHANT L-IEIS MARBm SWAMPSCOTT GRFATER LYNN

There are 700 individuals in Greater Lynn aged 65 or over, 361 males and 339 females. These are distributed percentagewise into ages 65-69, 70-74, and 75 and over as fol1v.s:

65-62 70-74 Over

Although there are more men than women in Greater Lynn the expected greater longevity of women is evidenced here by the larger proportion of females comprising the ages 70-74 and 75 and over. The distribution of the aged by area is as follows:

DISTRIBUTION OF GREAT! LYNN'S AGD POPULATION

Aged as Distribution Percentage of of Total Aged Total Individuals Area in Greater Lynn in Each Tawn

WEST LFlN EAST LYNN SWfiPSCOTT MA,%- NABANT SAUGUS LYNNFIELD GREATER LYNN

#-bn #-bn 0.5 of one per cent. Some 83 per cent of all aged Jews in Greater Lynn are located in West and &st Lynn, almost 60 per cent in West L3nn alone. In that latter area, the proportion of aged to total Jewish inhabitants is almost one in six, nearly twice the average reported for the general American population in the 1950 Census. The croportion of aged in West and &st Lynn to these areas' total population is likely to grow as younger families move to newer areas of the city and in-migration is relatively small from other areas.

Acproximately 13 per cent of Greater mfs700 aged Jews live apart from any relatives - one quarter of tbse are males, the remainder, females. There are very few single or divorced individuals in this group living alone, the greater number being either widowers or widows. The largest proportion of Greater Lynn's aged Jews (47 per cent) maintain their domicile with their spouse. Another seven per cent are not married and live with one other relative.

Table "V" shows clearly that the pattern of living for older people in Lynn does not include living with large family groups. Almost three-quarters of all aged people in Greater Lynn lived in either one, two, or three person households.

~~ V. PEZRCamGE DISTRI3UTION OF OWIER rJHABITANTS BY MARITAL STATE PJJD SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD

Size of Household Single Married Divorced Widowed No Report Total

TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

The data collected on aged individualsf relationships to the head of household again point up the degree to which older individuals live apart from their relations. Sixty per cent of all old people were heads of households and another 24 per cent were married to the head of household. Thus only 16 per cent were otherwise related. The greater longevity of women (and perhaps greater dependence) is responsible for the fact that 4.1 per cent of all older people were living with others as father or father-in-law, while 11.0 per cent was the compara'ble figure for mothers and mothers-in-law.

Age plays a role - 90 per cent of all aged in the 65-69 age group were either heads of households or married to one, in the 70-74 age grouping this per cent dropped to 81 per cent, by 75 and over the percentage was 71 per cent.

Of the 534 households with aged members, some 415 or 78 per cent reported congregational memberships. This was almost identical with the proportion for the total number of households in Greater Lynn (7'7 per cent). Hawever, where the households in the total community reported 42 per cent of their affiliated households to be Orthodox, those with aged members reported 67 per cent. For Conservative affiliations , the propbrt ions were respec tively 52 per cent and 25 per cent, for Reform seven per cent and three per cent. Similar proportions existed for those households which, while unaffiliated, reported congregational preferences: Bor all such households 38 per cent indicated Orthodox, households wlth aged member(s) reported 51 per cent. For the Consematin grouping the proportions were respectively 44 per cent and 16 per cent; for Reform 18 per cent and seven per cent. These figures bear out the correlation between age and congregational grouping noted above in the section on congregational affiliation.

Although 61 per cent of all households in Greater Lynn own their own homes, the proportion for households with aged members is only 48 per cent. This is a reflection of the bulking of such households in East and West Lynn together with the predominance of one and two person households. Table 'v" below shows how home ownership increases with size of household.

TABU W.. PROmTIQN OF mNED mSBY SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD

Size of Proport ion Household Owned

TOTAL

, Mobility for households with older members was sharply cur- ' tailed. Although numbering 18 per cent of all households in Greater Lynn, they accounted for only nine per cent of all those moving within the most current five year period. Of most significance is the fact that almost no households From outside Greater Q,mn moved in with any aged members. From 1951 to 1955, 554 households moved into Greater Qmn from outside its limits and of these, only 22 or four per cent had member(s) 65 years or older. APPENDM A

Major Tables TABLE I AGE DISTRIBUTION OF JEWISH EOPUIATION BY SM AND aREA GREATeR LYNN - 1955 Greater Lynn East lynn West Iynn Saugus AGE Per Per Per Per GROUP -me Female --Total Cent -Male Female --Total Cent -Male Femle --Tot& Cent -Male Fede --Total cent

mIAH AGE 33.2 32.7 32.9 36.8 37.1 36.9 39.3 40.1 39.8 25.6 29.8 27.0

#-ban .5 of one per cent. TAD I (~ont'd) Am DISTRIBVTION OF JEWISH POPULATIOn EM SEX AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Nahant - LyNNFIELD MARBBHEAD SWAMF'SCOTT AGE Per Per Per Per -GROUP -Mele Female Total-- Cent -Male Female --Total Cent Male Female Total Cerrt -Male Female Total Cent 10 17 27 25.5 5 6 11 10.4 3 3 6 5.7 2 1 3 2.8 1 2 3 2.8

TOTAL 34 32 66 100.0 49 57 106 100.0 968 936 1,904 100.0

PER CENT 0.4 0.3 0~7 0.5 0.6 1.1 9.6 9.3 18.9

MEDIAN AGE 30.7 29.0 30.0 26.9 24.0 24.8 24.7 25.3 25.1

$ - Less than .5 of one per cent. TABLE I1 M4RITAL STATIXS OF JEWISH IQPLUTION, AGE 14 AND OVER, BY SEX AM) AREA GREATE3 LYNN - 1955 Marital Statue Single Married Widowed - Divorced-Separated ffnlmown AGE Per Per Per Per Fer -oIIOaP -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent --F Totd -Cent -M ---F Totd Cent -M ---F !l!otal Cent Under 20 392 324 716 53.2 20-24 166 99 265 19.7 25-29 60 28 88 6.5 30-34 31 52 3.9 35-39 31 24 55 4.1 TABU I1 (continued) MARITAL STATUS OF JEWISH H)PULATION, Am 14 AM) OW, BY SEX AND AREA EAST LlXN - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated Unknm AGE Per Per Br Per Per -GROUP -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent Under 20 75 71 1 43.3 - 2 2 0.2 ------20-24 50 32 82 24.3 9 33 42 3.3 - - - - - 1 1 5.9 25-29 14 7 21 6.2 . 41 53 94 7.4 ------30-34 13 11 24 7.1 54 72 126 9.9 - - 1 1 2 11.8 35-39 8 5 13 3.9 57 75 132 10.4 - - - - - 2 2 11.8

m CENT (110.6 8.4 1g.i 100.0) TABU3 I1 (continued) MARITAL STATUS OF JEWISH TOPULATIDEI, AGE 14 AND OVER, BY SEX AID AREA WEST IXNN - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated unhnam ACIE Per Per Per Per Per M F Total Cent fi F Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Tcvtal Cent M g Total Cent 7mm ------TAFU I1 . (Continued) MARITAL STATUS OF JEWISH POPULATIDN, AGE 14 AND OVER, BY SEX AND AREA SAUGUS - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated Unknown AGPC Per Per Per Per Per -GZllOUP -M F Total Cent -M F Total Cent ! ---F Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent

Under 20 16 5 21 80.8 o - - - - - o 20- 24 1 1 2 7.7 - 3 3 4.0 - o - 25-29 - o - - 7 6 13 17.3 o - - 30-34 - - - - 1 2 3 4.0 - - - 35-39 - - o - 3 5 8 10.7 - - - TABU3 I1 (continued) MARITAL STATUS OF JEWISH FOPUIATIDN, AGE 14 AM) Om, BY SEX AN0 AIEA NABANT - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated Unlmam A(fE Per Per Per Per Per GROUP -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent -M -F --Total Cent

PER CENT (45- 8.9 2.2 11.1 100.0) TABU I1 (continued) MARITAL STATUS OF JEWISH RIPULATION, Am 14 AND OVER, BY SEX AND AREA LPPTNFIEIS - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated Unknown AGE Per Per Per Per Per GmUP M F Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Total Cent ------_L------

PER CENT (62~ 6.5 1.6 8.1 100.0) TABU3 I1 (Continued) MARITAL STATUS OF JEWISH RlPUIATION, AGE 14 AM) OVER, BY SEX AND AREA MARBLEHEAD - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated Unbnown AtZ Per Per Fer Per Per GmUP M F Total Cent M F Totalcent M I? Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Total Cent ------C ------Under 20 63 48 111 '77.1 1 - 1 0.1 ------20-24 14 5 19 13,2 2 19 21 2.2 - 1 1 4.3 - 1 1 100.0 25-29 2 2 4 2.8 29 65 94 9.9 ------30-34 3 - 3 2.1 77 105 182 19.2 ------35-39 3 - 3 2.1 125 132 257 27.1 - 11 4.3 - - - -

PER CENT (1,125~ 7.6 5.2 12.8 42.2 42.0 84.3 0.4 1.6 2.0 - OJ 0.1 100.0) TABU I1 (concluded) MARITAL STATE OF JEWISH RIPULATION, AGE 14 AND OVER, BY SEX. AM> AREA SWAMPSCOTT - 1955 Marital Status Single Married Widowed Divorced-Separated unknown AGE Per Per Per Per Per GmUP M F Total Cent F Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Total Cent M F Total Cent - - - -__I !! ------Under 20 127 117 244 65.1 - - 20-24 52 28 80 21.3 4 25 29 2.0 25-29 17 4 21 5.6 37 71 108 7.4 30-34 1 2 3 0.8 77 120 19713.5 35-39 2 1 3 0.8 117 124 241 16.5 TABI$ I11 SIZE OF EDUSEIg)IS, JEWISH FOPULATDDN, BY Am OF FEW AM) AREA

Size of Household No Per AGEOFHFAD -1 2 -3, -4 -5 -6 7 -8- Report Total Cent

70-74 29 76 10 1 1 2 - - - 119 3 9 75 and Over 27 39 13 5 2 1 - - - 87 2.7 Age llhlu~own - 8 13 8 2 2 - - - 33 1.1

PER CENT 6.0 24.2 22.1 32.6 12.0 2.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 100.0 FABLE 111 (continued) SIZE OF H)IEEDIiD, JEWISH K)PULATIOIB, BP AGE OF HEAD AND AREA GREATER Lmr - 1955

EAST LYNN Size of Household No Per AGE OF BEAD -1 -2 4 _2. 6 8 Report Total Cent

70-74 13 15 1 - 1 - 0 0 30 3.9 75 and Over 10 14 1 1 1 - - - 27 3.5 Age Unlmown 0 3 2 2 - - - 0 7 0.9

TOTAL 76 236 167 201 65 16 - - 1 762 100.0 TABlE I11 (Cant inued ) SIZE OF IDISEEIIS, JEWISH WPULATION, BY AGE OF HEAD 1IM) ARE2l GREMW? LYNN - 1955

WEST

Size of Household No Per -1 3-2 4 LLLLReport -Total -Cent

70-74 75 and Over Age Unknown

PER CENT TABU! 111 (Continued) SIZE OF HDUSESILD, JEWISH IOPULATIDN, BY AGE OF HEAD AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955

size or uausemla UAMu Per AGE OF- EEAD

70-74 75 and Over Age Unlmam

TOTAL

PER CENT TABLE I11 (Continued) SIZE OF ECKEmm, JEWISH H)PULATION, BY AGE OF HEAD AM> AREA GZiEATER LYNN - 1955

Size of Household No Per AGE OF HEAD 1 -2 2 4 -5 -6 -8- Report Tote3 Cent

70-74 ------75andOver - 1 - - o o - - - 1 4.8 Age Unknown 1 ------1 4.8

PER CXNT 4.8 38*1 9.5 28.6 19.0 - - - - 100.0 TABm I11 (continued) SIZE! OF IDUSEEg)IS, JEWISH K)WLATIX)N, ISP AGE OF BEAD AND AtiEA GrnTER LYNN - 1955

Size of Household No Br AGE OF HEAD 2 -3,-2 4 -5 -6- 7 -8 Report --Total Cent

70-74 ------75 and Over - o - - o o - - o Age Vnknown - - - o - o - - -

PER CENT TABm 111 (cmtinuea) SIZE OF BDTISEEDD, JEfQISH rnmhATD[)N, IIP AGE OF HEAD AND AREA GREAm LYNN - 1955

Size of Household No Per AGE OF HEAD -1 -2-2 4 ---5 6 7 8 Report Total Cent

70-74 75 and Over Age Unknown

TOTAL

PER CEHT TABIE I11 (Coaclubed) SIZE OF 8)-m, JJSJ7JfGEE rnH)HILATlDN, BY AGE OF HEAD AM) AmA .VLYNN - 19!55

SIze of Household No Per -Cent TABm IV EWlBYMENT STATLPi OF JJWISE RIPULATIDN, AC;E 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX, AND NiEA GREATER LYNPT - 1955

GREATER Lrn Total Female Q) Y

Under 20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39

65-69 70-74 75 and Over Me ahlmm

-----(..- 7,255 f 100.0 Per Cent------3,610 - 100.0 Per Cent------3,645 = 100.0 Per Cent--- 43.0 1.1 4.2 36.4 8.2 0.5 6.6 75.7 1.5 5.2 9.8 0.9 6.9 10.8 0.7 3.2 72.4 6.7 6.3 a pas0Tm3~ 11111 Irlrlrll Irlrll In UI -m rn0(r) 0

CU\DQOCU PCmQmIn +,-I I I paJfo7:dml rl rlrl rlCUrl 2 ;z I rl

22mIn I CU I rlrl I CU ""3 0 IQ qJ&q In : Ir; *I I ,,-,I I I I I I 2 $2 U rl

I) pa0't-l-a lrllrll I,,,, ,I,, rl g: m

OCU InUIUIIn pa~ordml 8 PC- m dzd\o"S 3 3 8m :UII? I PC TABU IV (continued) EMPIC)YM3NP STATUS OF JEWISH FDPULATION, AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX, AND AREA GREATER LPNN - 1955

WEST LYrN Total Male Female

Under 20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39

65-69 70- 74 75 and Over Age Thknown

----1,097 = 100.0 Per Cent------1,144 = 100.0 Per-Cent PER CENT n.4 3.2 9.5 8.3 0.9 6.7 15.5 1.5 4.3 67.4 5.2 6.1

10 t-' b$ r r 1111 11111 IIPPU (student I 0 !5 I1 I 1111 11111 11111 Military I Service I I CI I

1111 11111 11111 IEmpEied 1

1111 11111 11111 Military IService

1111 11111 IIPI~(NoRepoA

1111 11111 IIIIW (Student I tJ I I1 I 1111 IIIII 11111 Military ! I Service I

Military 1111 11111 11111 I Senrice

FS VI* P 1111 IPIII 11111 (Retired 0 00 .o'# 9' tcj \O I I P~UPI~U~U~ I I l~o~sewif

TABU3 IV (continued) &MPLOPMEIUT STATUS OF JEWISH XQPULATION, AGE 14 AND OVER, BY W, SEX, AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955

Total Male Female a a a 42 it: 0 a +J 0 X'Lt$ g 3 .dmas Fri 4J AGE 4R1)UP ------Pam& - -

65-69 70- 74 75 and Over Age Unknown

------1,125 100.0 Per Cent------+TO 3 100.0 Per Cent------555 = 100.0 Per Cent---- PER CENT 43.8 0.1 1.4 41.1 7.1 0.2 6.3 82.8 - 1.8 8.8 0.4 6.3 3.8 0.2 1.1 83.2 5.4 6.3 TABLE IV (concluded) EmYMENT STATUS OF JEWISH FQP~T~N,AGE 14 AM) OVER, BY Am, SEX, AID ARW GREATER LYNN - 1955

Total Male Female -0 0 .P

AGE GmUP

Under 20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39

65-69 70-74 75 and Over Ag;e ~aro

-----Om 1,908 ., 100.0 Per Cent------968 100.0 Per Cent------940 = 100.0 Per Cent---- 41.5 0.6 2.4 36.4 11.1 0.4 7.7 75.6 0.8 2.1 13.0 0.7 7.7 6.3 0.3 2.8 73.9 9.1 7.6 TABL;E V EIUMEER OF IQClSEfg)ISS WITH EMPLOYED MEMERS, JEWISH FDPULATION, BY IWMEER EMPIX)YED, SIZE OF ElUSERD;U> AND AREA GW-TER LYNN - 1955 Size of Household No Per AREA and NUMBER EMPLOYED -1 -2 Q 4 -5 -6 1 -8 Report_ Total -Cent GREATER LYNN

5 TOTAL EAST LYNN 1 34 165 127 174 57 11 - - 1 569 2 3 TOTAL

WEST LYNN

TOTAL

NAHANT 1 2 TOTAL

,wRBmHEAD 1 2 3 TOTAL

TOTAL

2 - ~SSthan .5 of one per cent. GRX&.E?R TCLE T'I LY 1% mACE OF EMmaPMEMI, JEWISH FOFUWL'IDEJ A(3E: 14 OVER, - BXN, SEXANDAReAJHcGREATERU'NN- 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other En@;- Eng- No -GROUP Ignn Area Area 8___ Area Msss . land land Report; Total - - - 1 13 I mder 20 7 1 1 3 1 20-24 54 16 4 1 1 - 91 I - 15 a 2 - rl 25-29 108 18 33 45 9 8 223 30-34 161 24 71 41 19 2 1 2 321 & 35-39 - - - - 232 - - 33- - - 94 - - -8- - -23 - - 6 ------7 2- 460 a 40-44 302 58 38- 22 -5- 7 -539- a, 45-49 271 4 2 78 52 17 5 2 2 469 24 4 5 41 17 6 2 6 337 Q) 50- 54 196 55-59 152 19 31 28 2 1 - 24 0 60-64 ----- ;;$ - - -7-12 - - U. - - -26 - - - - - 2 ------4 2 207- k 65-69 1 - 133 0 I 70-74 32 - 1 1 - - 1 - 35 75 and Over 13 1 - 1 - 1 1 17 g Ageunknown 12 3 10 4 1 - 1 - 31 r TOTAL 1792 242 499 392 126 33 36 16 336 4 .PER CENT 57.1 7.7 15.9 12.5 4.0 1.1 1.1 0.5 100. C * I - - - 1 6 I Under 20 3 1 1 - 1 - 4 8 I 20-24 28 - 7 7 4 1 1 I1 25-29 91 17 31 39 8 2 7 195 1I 30-34 142 22 68 36 19 2 1 2 292 21 6 2 I 35-39 ,, , , 201 - - 29- - - 2% - - -2- - -25 - - - - 1 ------4L3- I1 40-44 553 55 93 -5- 7 - 495 I1 45-49 215 37 73 46 17 5 2 2 397 41 38 17 6 2 5 295 j $1;; 124163 1523 30 27 2 1 - 206 1 2 1 60-64 ------11 11 26 - - ,-2, ,, - - - -121- 65-69 &;$ -7- - - To- - - - 4--- i 1 - 124 1 1 1 I 70-74 31 - - - - 34 1 75andOver 1 - 1 - 1 9 - 16 I 13 I I Age Unlmown 11 2 10 3 1 - 1 - 28 I I I TOTAL 1506 220 466 347 121 33 34 13 2740 PER CENT 55.0 8.0 17.0 12.7 4.4 1.2 1.2 0.5 1OO.C under 20 4 3 5I ------7 I 20-24 26 - 8 9 - - - - 43 1 25-29 17 1 2 6 1 - 1 - 28 30-34 19 2 3 5 - - - I 29 35-39 - - - - 3L - - 4 4 6 2 ------47 1 40-44 -49 -3- - - -5- - - - 5--- P - - - i34- 1 45-49 56 5 5 6 - - - - 72 3 50-54 33 1 4 3 - - - 1 42 8 55-59 28 4 1 1 - - - - 34 60-64 ------1 - ----______- - - 1 1 16 65-69 lil - 1------9- I I 70-74 1 I ------1 1 9 1 1 -- I 75 and Over - - - - - I &known 1 1 1 I Age - - - - - 3 I I I TOTAL 286 22 33 4 5 5 - 2 3 396 4 PERCENT 72.2 5.6 8.3 11.4 1.3 0.5 0.8 ~OO.O EAST LYNN TABLE VI (~ontinued) PIAa OF m,JEWISH H)PULATIX)N AC;E 14 AND OW, BY Am, SEX AND AREA GREATER Lm- 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GrnUP bnn Area Area Area hhsa. land land Report Tda----. t under 20 2 - - 1 0 0 0 3 t 20-24 26 - 2 4 2 0 0 34 28 6 8 12 2 2 2 - 60 j 5;:;: 4 3 5 10 8 5 - 1 1 73 0 0 35-39 ----zl-- - i3-8 - - i3-4 - - k3- - - 1 --,,-,------r. 40-44 77 11 -2- 2 - - -118 % 45-49 81 9 13 14 1 2 2 2 124 50-54 69 3 9 9 6 - 0 1 98 3 55-59 55 5 9 8 1 1 1 1 80 1 60-64 - - - - 20- - - 4 3 ,-,,,,,6 ------,S,,-S--,57- 65-69 34 -3- - - -1- 0 1- 0 0 0 39 O1 70-74 4 - 1 1 0 - 1 1 7 r;d 75 =d Over 5 1 0 - - - 6 f: Age Unknown 3 - 2 - - - 5 $' TOTAL 528 57 75 87 21 8 10 11 791 i mc~m 66.8 7.2 9.5 11.0 2.7 1.0 1.3 1.4 loo.( Under 20 1 - - 1 20-24 14 - 2 2 - I 18 25-29 22 5 7 12 2 2 2 52 30-34 34 . 5 9 8 5 1 1 63 35-39 - - - - g3-42 - - i3---il-6 4 --io----2---z12 1 0 ,- - ,- - - ,-0 - - -55, 40-44 0 - 101 45-49 61 9 11 13 1 2 2 2 101 50-54 56 2 7 8 6 - 1 80 55-59 48 3 9 7 1 1 1 - 70 60- 64 ----A% 4 ,------S------3 6 0 1 - 62 65-69 30 - - -3- 1 1 - 35- 70-74 3 0 1 1 0 - 1 - 6 75 and Over 5 1 - - - - 6 Age Unknown 3 2 - g - .. 5 I TOTAL 427 51 65 79 21 8 10 4 665 PWCElPP 64.2 '7.7 9.8 11.9 3.2 1.2 1.5 0.6 loo.(

Under 20 1 I 1 - - - - 2 20-24 12 - 2 2 - - g 16 25-29 6 1 1 - - - 8 30- 34 9 - 1 - 0 0 - 10

45-49 20 9 2 1 0 - 0 23 50-54. 13 1 2 1 0 0 9 1 18 55-59 7 2 9 1 - 0 0 0 10 60-64 - - - - 5 ------,- - - - -0 - - - -.I - - - - - ,- - ,------3- 65-69 4- - 0 - 4 70-74. 1 - 9 1 75 and Over - - - - I Age llhknown 0 I 9 9 9 0 9 WEST LYNm TAE3IJEC VI (continued) -" m;RCX-QFEI@WYMEXC', JEWISB~~~~~ATX)N~~~ANDOVER, BY AGE, SEX AND AREA cilmvns LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of /- North CJA Boston New Mew AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Ew- No -mUP Lynn Area Area Area Mass. land land Rp,po,-t TotR' Under 20 4 1 - 2 o - - 1 8 1 - I 20-24 20 - 7 6 1 - 1 35 23-29 36 4 7 18 3 - 4 - 72 30-34 4 6 4 9 10 5 - - 1 75 - 1 - 116 g 35-39 ----?--- B-'-l4 143--- 12------8 - a 4 0-4 4 11 2 - I------1rg- 45-49 84 5 13 11 6 - - - 119 1 a, 50-54 72 5 12 11 4 1 1 107 55-59 62 5 6 5 2 - - - 80 $!! $!! 60-64 - - - -73 - - - -1 - - - -2 - - - 12 ------,-2L2 - - 1 69-69 5 2 3 -4- 3 1 - - n Q 70-74 24 ------24 4a 75 and Over 6 ------1 7 +.' Age Unknown 1 1 3 - - 1 - 13 r0 7 TOW5 683 40 87 105 36 2 9 5 967 d ERCENT 70.6 4 -1 9.0 10. 9 . 0.2 0.9 0.5 100.0 * I 1 I Under 20 1 1 - - - - - 3 1 20-24 . 10 - 3 1 1 - 1 - 16 I 1 25-29 27 4 6 15 2 - 3 - 57 I - - 1 I 30-34 39 3 9 8 5 65 12 - 1 - I 35-39 - - - -63 - - - 3 7 ------7 - - - -,-23- 1 40-44 92 - - -15 - - - To- 2 - -1- - 123 45-49 I 58 4 12 8 6 - - - 88 50-54 11 1 1 1 l-i 59 5 9 4 91 g 55-59 43 5 5 5 2 - - - 60 1 60-64 1 2 12 2 - - I - - - -66 - - - - - v ------v--vc------1 2 1 I 65-69 5F 2 -4- 3 - - 2- 1 24 I 70-74 ------24 1 I 75 .- over 6 ------6 I Unknown I Age 6 1 1 2 - - 1 - 11 I I I TOTAL 548 35 75 81 34 2 8 3 786 -- ERCENT 69.7 4.5 9.5 10.7 1.3 0.3 1.0 0.4 100.0

- - - iI 35-39 - - - 14 ------1 2 5 ---,------v---1 23 1 40-44 -22 2 1 - -1- - - - I) 56 I 45-49 26 1 1 3 - - - - Q) 31 4 50-54 13 0 1 2 - - - 0 16 55-59 19 - 1 - - - - - 20 1 8 1 65-69 1 - - - - - I -5- 1 70-74 - I ------1 o o I 75 and Over - - - - - 1 1 I Age Unknown 1 - - 1 - - - - 2 I I 1 'KlTAL 135 ' 5 12 24 2 - 1 2 181 PER CENT 74.6 2.8 6.6 13.3 1.1 - 0.6 1.1 100.0 TAB7 VI (continued) PUCE OF E'IGTO~CIIT, JEWISH K)PUATION AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX AND AREA * GREATER LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New - AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -Cl?aOUP Lynn Area Area Area M8ss. land land ReTotal - Under 20 - o - - - - I - - 0 - .. 20-24 - - - 6 25-29 2 - 2 o 2 - - - 30-34, 2 - 1 - - - 3 g 35-39 ----9------1 - - - - - 4. 40-44 7 - 2 - - - - - 9 45-49 9 - 1 - - - - 10 50-54 3 1 - - - 0 4 4 55-59 4 - 1 - - - - - 5 60-64 ------1 - - ...... - - 0 - 1 k 65-69 - - i - - - 1 2 70-74 ------75 and Over ------% &e U*m 1 - 1 - - - - 2 7 mm 32 1 10 - 2 - - - 45 d PER CENT 71.1 2.2 22.2 - 4.4 - - - 100.0 * : Under 20 - - 9 ------0 1 20-24 - - I - o - o - 1 25-29 2 - 2 2 - 6 30-34 1 - 9 - - - - - 1 I 2 1 - - 1 35-39 ------,------,----,-,------, 40-44 5 - i - - - - - 2 1 45-49 7 - 1 - - - - - 8 1 9 - - - - - 3 ;;I:; 42 0 1 - 0 - - - 5 60-64 1 0 9 - - - - - 1 ------c------,------65-69 - - rw-- o - o - 1 70-74 - - 9 ------: 75 and Over o - 9 ------: Age unknown 1 - 1 0 0 - - 2 I

35-39 ...... 1 0 * - - - 0 - 1 40-44 2 - 1 - - - - - 3 45-49 2 ------2 50-54 1- o 9 - - - - - 1 55-59 - .. - - - 9 o 9 60-64 ce------c------w------65-69 - 9 0 - - - - - 70-74 ------75 and Over - - 9 ------Age Unknown .. - 9 - - - 9 - .. mTAL PER CEMl TAd-E TI ( c ont inued ) PLACE OF EMPLOYMENT, JEWISH K)PULATION A(3E 14 AM) OVER, BP ACZ, SEX AREA GmlgR LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other lbg- Eng- IT0 -CmUP FJmn Area Area Area Mass. larid land Report Total

0 0 0 0 o o - tI mder 20 - - 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 - - I 20-24 - 0 0 0, 1 1 o - - 2 4 25-29 - YI - - 30-34 0 0 1 2 - 3 0 0 0 0 1 I% 35-39 ,-,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2 ,,,---,-,--,,-----3- - - 0 1 40-44 o - - i o - - 0 0 0 1 y 45-49 1 - 0 0 - 0 0 0 4. 50-54 1 0 1 2 0

0 0 0 55-59 0 0 1 - - 1 60-64 ------0 0 0 ...... 1 - 0 0 0 1 65-69 - - -1- 0 0 0 0 0 1 9-1 70-74 - - - o - o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 and Over - - - o - 0 C 0 * Age Unknown - o - - - - 8 TOTAL 5 o 6 6 - - o - 17 i FER,, 29.4 0 35.3 35.3 0 - - - 100.0

o o o o I lhder 20 - - - . - I 20-24 o - - - o 9 o o - I I 1 1 o I 25-29 - - - - - 2 1 o 1 I 30-34 - 2 - - - - 3 I 35-39 ------,,-----,--.*.*-,------.*--1-2 0 1 0 0 - 0 - 40-44 0 0 0 1 - 0 0 - 1

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 :I 45-49 - 1 50-54 1 - 1 2 - 0 - - 4 0 0 0 55-59 0 0 1 C - 1

0 0 0 0 0 ' 60-64 ---.------...... 1 0 - 1 1 65-69 o - -1- o - o o - 1 1 70-74 - - o o o - o - - I 1 75andOver - - . o - - - - o I I Age lR&nown o o o o o o I - - - I I TOTAL 5 o 6 6 o . - o 17 Ir: PERCE~ 29.4 0 35.3 35.3 9 0 0 0 100.0

Under 20 I o - o o - - o - 20-24 - o - o o - o - o

0 0 0 0 0 25-29 - 0 - - 0 0 0 0 30-34 0 0 0 0 - 35-39 ------,----.--,.--..------.----- 0 0 0 0 0 - - 0 40-44 0 0 9 0 0 0 - 9 0

Age Unknown - - o - - - o o - w.xv1 (continued) PLACE OF EMPIDYMFJWT, JEWXSH H)PULATlDN AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX AND AHEA * GREA'IBR LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of -J North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GROUP Ijrlm_ -Area Area Area Mass, land land Report Total

Under 20 - - - - o - - - o I 1 20-24 - - 1 - - - - 0 1 25-29 1 1 5 - - - - o 7 30-34 2 - 4 - 1 - - - 7 g 35-39 ------1 - --,------2-4 - 0 - - - 40-44 - - -1- 1 1 - 0 - - 3 a 45-49 - - 1 - - - - - 1 % 50-54 - - 1 - - - - 1 2 4 55-59 1 1 - - 0 - - - 2 60-64 ...... o ------65-69 - 0 ------& 70-74 ------l;d 75 and Over - - - - o - - - - % Age lhknuwn - 0 ------E+ I TOTAL 5 3 17 1 1 - - 1 28 3 PERCENT 17.9 10.7 60.7 3.6 3.6 - - 3.6 ~OO.O

Under 20 - - o ------I I 20-24 - - 1 - o - - 1 I I 25-29 1 1 5 - - - - - 7 I I 30-34 2 - 4 - 1 - 0 - 7 ., I 1 4 - - 35-39 - - ,- ,, - - ...... - - - 5 : 40-44 - -1- 1 1 0 - - 3 1 45-49 - - 1 - - - - 0 1 50-54 - - 1 - - - - 1 2 3 55-59 1 1 - - - - - 0 2 60-64 ...... - - o - - - - - o 65-69 ------70-74 - - - 0 - - - - - I I 75andOver ------I I Age Unknown - o - - - - - .. I I TOTAL 5 3 17 1 1 - - 1 28 3 PERCENT 17.9 10,7 60,7 3 F;-- 3.6 - - 3.6 100.0 Under 20 20-24

76-74 - 75 and Over -

TOTAL PER CENT MARB- !CABLE VI (Continued) 34.. PLACE OF EMPIL)YMEIQT, JEWISH FOPULATION AGE 14 AM) Om, BY AGE, SEX A&D AREA *(SWDlFl LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N,Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GEOUP Imm Area Area Area Mass, land land Report Total Under 20 - 1 - - - - 1 20-24 2 - 1 2 - - - 5 25-29 15 3 7 5 2 - - - 31 30-34 8 24 8 4 1 - - 80 35-39 - - - -2; 14 - - -38 - - XI,,. 8 4 -.-----4 2 wigw 40-44 30 - - -25 3 -21 8---'--- 3 - 45-49 28 6 14 7 2 1 - - 58 50-54 7 6 6 7 2 - - 2 30 55-59 7 3 4 2 - - 16 60-64 ----a-,----- 5 4 ,----,--,------13-1 - - - - 65-69 3 - i - - 1 5 70-74 ------75 and Over - - - - - 1 - - 1 Age llhlu~bm 1 - 2 - 1 - - - 5

Under 20 - - 1 - - - - - 1 I I 20-24 2 - - 1 - - - 3 1 25-29 15 3 7 3 2 - - - 30 30-34 4 1 0 - n I: 35 7 23 7 t 35-39 --- 40 - - -13 - - -38 - - -11 ------4 - w - - 4 - - - -2 0 - 19- 40-44 -28 21 3r 20 H - 3 - -114 45-49 27 6 14 7 2 1 - - 57 50-54 7 6 6 7 2 - - 2 30 55-59 5 1 4 2 - - 0 - 12 60-64 ----3-,------4 4 1 0 0 0 12 65-69 3 - 1 - - - 1 - I -5- I 70-74 ------I I 75andOver - - - - - 1 - - 1 I I Unknown 1 1 1 I Age - 2 - - - 5 t I I TOTAL 166 61 134 66 26 7 8 4 4 72 d PERCENT 35.2 12.9 28.4 14,O 5.5 1.5 1.7 0.8 100.0

30-34 1 1 1 - - - I 3 1 1 0 1 I 35-39 ----3------w------w------6 1 40-4.4 2 1 0 1 0 - -4- : 45-49 1 - - I - - 0 1. 3 50-54 ------g 55-59 2 2 - - 0 L 4 Q) - 0 60-64 ...... - 1 - I 0 0 1 7 65-69 ------I - 1 70-74. o I ------t o L o I 75 and Over - - - - I Age g I Unknown - - - - .- - - I I 1 TOTAL 8 6 3 4 1 - 0 - 22 PERCENT 36-4 27.3 13.6 18.2 4.5 - - 100.0 SWATmCOTT TARJ.JZ VI (concluded) 35 mACE OF EMXUlBCNT, JEWISH POPULATION AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX AND AREA GmTlCB LYMN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of CJA New New r' North Boston AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No GmUP Area Area Area Mass. land land Report Total * - - : Under 20 1 ------1 20-24 6 - 4 4 1 1 - - 16 25 4 3 11 - - 2 1 46 33 22 13 4 1 80 - 124 35-39 55 ---3L--- z2-21 - -15 6 - - -3-2 -___-_---2 - a 40-44 - - - -7T - - -1 Z 35 3 -la- 45-49 68 22 36 20 8 2 - 156 50-54 44 9 16 12 5 5 1 - 9 55-59 23 5 10 13 4 1 - - 56 1 60-64 - - - 20 2 2 6 1 ------1 1 1 34 65-69 -15---3--- h------16 70-74 4 - - - - - 4 75andOver 2 - 1 - - - 3 Age Vnknown 0 2 4 - - - 6 3 I TOTAL 365 74 167 123 39 16 9 2 795 d PERCENT 45 9 . 21.0 15.5 4.9 2.0 1.1 0.3 100.0 20 1 1 II:I Under - - - - I 20-24 2 - 3 3 1 - - - 10 I 1 25-29 23 4 3 9 2 - 4 1 I I 30-34 31 22 11 4 1 - - 76 I 35-39 - 119 I - - - -51 ------::---21 6 2 ------2 1 40-44 - -1h7- I 65 1I 50- - - 8 - - -3- 3 I 45-49 61 18 34 18 8 2 - 141 50-54 38 9 15 12 5 5 1 - 85 55-59 23 5 10 13 4 1 - 0 56 2 1 1 1 60-64 - - - -12 ,- - ,, - , ------326 - 10 2 I 65-69 5 - - - 16 1 - - - - I 70-74 4 4 1 2 1 I 75 and Over - - - - 3 I Agemown - 1 - - - - - I 4 5 I I I TOTAL 330 69 161 114 37 16 8 1 736 3 PER CEIiT 44.8 9.4 21.9 15.5 5.0 2.2 1.1 0.1 100.0 Under 20 5I ------I 20-24 4 1 1 - - - - 6 I 1 25-29 2 - - 2 - 1 I 5 I1 30-34 2 - - 2 - - 4 4 1 I 35-39 ------i-'--2------'------5 I 40-44 9 2 - - - T4- 45-49 7 4 2 2 - 15 - 1 - - - .I j ;;I;; 6 - - - - 7 60-64 ...... 1 - - 1 2 65-69 ------I I 70-74 ------I 1 75 and Over I - - I Age Unlmam - 1 - - 1 I I I I TOTAL 35 5 6 9 2 1 1 59 3 PERCENT 59.3 8.5 10.2 15.3 3.4 - 1.7 1.7 100.0 GfiEATER T-WL VII LYNN PIACE OF EMPLC)m1UT OF =XED HIEADS OF IK)Tfi;EIK)IDS, JEWISH K)PULATDN AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GROUP Ignn Area Area Area Mass. land land Report -Total

70-74 30 - 1 1 - - 1 2 35 a 75 and Over 12 1 - 1 - 1 - - 15 g Age Ilnknown 11 2 10 3 1 0 - 1 28 5' I Z7OTAL 1475 220 455 323 112 30 28 27 2670 PERCENT 55.2 8.2 17.0 12.1 4.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 100.0 Under 20 ------I 1 20-24 2 21 I 9 - 7 3 - - - 25-29 73 14 27 26 6 1 3 I - 150 I1 30-34 131 22 65 33 16 2 1 2 272 35-39 88 I --- 182 - -22 - - -g5 - - - 5;- - - m - - 2 - - -7- - - -3- - 33- 1 40-44 20 5 7 I - 479 45-49 2 3 391 I 209 37 4 6 17 5 o 50-54 4 1 38 15 6 2 8 290 d 157 23 g 55-59 123 15 27 27 7 2 1 1 203 1 60-64 11 10 2 1 129 - - - - 0 - - 0 - - 26 - - -;------3------35- 1 65-69 - - - - 35- 7 9 -4- 1 1 - 121 1 70-74 29 - 1 1 - - 1 - I 32 I 75andOver 12 1 - 1 - 1 o o I 15 I Unhown 11 2 10 3 1 - - 1 28 I Age I I I TOTAL 1402 214 449 321 112 30 28 19 2575 4 PERCENT 54.4 8. , 17.4 12.5 4.3 1.2 1.1 0*7 loo. c Under 20 - - - . - - - - - 20-24 2 - - o - - - - 2 25-29 - - - - 0 - - - - 30-34 - - 1 - - 0 0 1 2 1 0 - - - - 35-39 - - - - -3------,------4 40-44 11 i 1 0 - - - -1- - - i4- 45-49 19 - 1 1 - - - - 21 50-54 10 1 1 o - - - 3 15 55-59 14 3 1 1 - - - - 19 60-64 - - - - 6 ...... ------1 -;- 65-69 -7- 0 1 - 0 - - - 70-74 1 - - - - 0 - 2 3 75 and Over - - 0 0 - 0 0 - - Age lhlmown o - - o - - - - .

TVTAL 73 6 6 2 o .. - 8 95 PER CEPST 76.8 6.3 6*3 2,1 - - - 8.4 ~OO,O !PXX VII (Cmtinued) PLACE OF mmNT OF EMFIL)m IBADs OF mwm, JEWISH K)PULATX)N AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, AND AREA GREATER LXNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston lfew New AC;E Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other - Eng- No -GmUP Lynn Area Area Area Mass. land land Report Total 7 Under 20 .. .. - - - - - 1 20-24 6 - - 1 - 7 6 8 2 1 2 39 3 ;:I;: 1530 5 7 7 5 .. 1 1 56 1 - - - 60 : 35-39 - - - -8 - - I---A--- 10 ------a 40-44 -12 12 9 5 - - -2- - - -183- 45-49 70 9 12 13 1 2 2 2 111 50-54 57 3 8 8 6 - - 4 86 9 8 1 1 1 1 75 3 :;::: --- 445--- 9 4 5 ---$------6 ------3------1 - 62 ok 65-69 -33 3 L i - - - 38- 70-74 3 - 1 1 - - 1 - 6 75 and Over 4 1 - - - 5 g Agelhknown 3 - 2 - - - 1 6 E: 1 TOTAL 420 54 64 70 20 7 10 9 654 4 PER CEWT 64.2 8.3 9.8 10.7 3.1 1.1 1.5 1.4 100.0

7I Under20 - - - - 1 I 20-24 5 - - 1 - - - 6 1I 25-29 15 5 6 8 2 1 2 - 39 1I 30-34 30 5 7 7 5 - 1 1 56 ; 35-39 - - - -% - - 6 3------10 1 - ,------28- 1 40-44 11 9 2 I -15 - - - -2- - - 98 1I 45-49 61 9 11 13 1 2 2 2 101 50-54 53 2 7 8 6 - - 2 78 3 55-59 47 3 9 7 1 1 1 1 70 I1 60-64 - - - 42 -----,-~------3------~9-4 6 - 1 - 1 1 1 I 65-69 -23 3 - - - 34 1 70-74 2 - 1 1 - - 1 - 5 I 1 4 1 ------8 75andOver 5 I Age Umown - - - - 1 I 3 2 6 I I 1 TOTAL 391 50 61 69 20 7 10 7 615 4 PERCZWT 63,6 8.1 9.9 11.2 3.3 1.1 1.6 1.1 100.0 t I 20 I Under ------1 I 20-24 1 ------1 1 25-29 ------I 1 I 30-34 ------I 1 1 ------8 35-39 ----h------2 1 40-44 - 1 - - - - -5- 45-49 9 - 1 - - - - 10 50-54 4 1 1 - - 2 8 55-59 2 2 - 1 - - - 5 60-64 ----t------;-. . - - I 65-69 - - - 1 70-74 1 - - - - - 1 I 1 8 75 and Over ------I I Ageunknown ------I I I mTAL 29 4 3 1 - 0 2 39 PERCENT 74.4 10.3 7.7 2.6 - - 5.1 100*0 WEST LYNN TABIB VII (continued ) 38. PACE OF EMmDYMEl?I OF l3MPIQYED EEADS OF fg)lJSEBDW)S, JEWISH EOPUUTION AGE 14 AND OVER, BY A(3E, SEX AND AREX GREATER LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore Noshore CJA Other - Eng- No -GIOUP Area Area Area 14ass. land land Report Total * I I Under 20 ------1 20-24 3 - 3 1 1 - - - 8 I a, 1 1 rl 25-29 19 3 4 8 - - 36 g 30-34 32 3 9 6 4 - - 1 55 g 35-39 - - - 52 -2- 11 6 6 - - - - o - 1 - 79 40-44 -87 - 5 --lT---T-- P - -I------IT< 3 45-49 64 4 11 8 6 - - - 93 60 5 11 9 2 1 1 2 Q) 50-54 91 55-59 54 5 6 5 2 - - - 72 9 60-64 - - 68 1 ------2 12 2 - - 1 86 k 5 0 65-69 -5g - - - 3 r------3 -I------69- 70-74 23 ------1 24 75atldOver 6 ------6 Age Unknown 6 1 1 2 - - - - 10 24 I TPTAL 530 32 73 70 29 2 4 5 745 2 PER CENT 71.1 4.3 9.8 9.4 3.9 0.3 0.5 0.7 100.0 Under 20 ------I I 20-24 2 - 3 1 1 - - - 7 I 1 25-29 19 3 4 8 1 - 1 - 36 30-34 6 4 I 32 3 9 - - - 54 - 1 - 35-39 - - - 3 - - - 3 - o 11 ______L_6 6 ------78- 40-44 83 5 -1z 9 2 - -1- - 112 1 45-49 54 4 11 8 6 - - - 83 I a, 50-54 56 5 11 9 2 1 1 2 87 p 55-59 5 5 5 2 - - - 60 60-64 ----:; ------1 2 12 2 ------82 1 63-69 53 2 2 re--3 - - - 55- 1 70-74 - - - I 23 - - - - 23 I 75 and Over 6 - - 0 - - - - 6 I I Age~awn 6 1 1 2 - - - - 10 I I 1 TOTAL I 493 32 71 70 29 2 4 2 703 * PER CENT 70.1 4.6 10.1 10.0 4.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 100.C Under 20 ------20-24 1 ------1 25-29 ------30- 34 ------1 1 35-39 ,,,-6----'------1 ------1 40-44 ------4- 45-49 10 ------10 50-54 4 ------4 55-59 11 - 1 - - - - - 12 60-64 ----3,--,------,------1 - - - - - 4 65-69 3 - 1 ------4- 70-74 - - 0 - - - - 1 1 75 and Over ------Age Unlmown ------TOTAL 37 - 2 - - - - 3 4 2 PER CENT 88.1 - 4.8 - - - - 7.1 100.0 Tt a2 VII (continued ) PLACE OF ElPLOY3EUT OF EWJBlED HEADS OF Ig)FmS, JEWISH H)PULATION ACE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SElt AM) AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GRDUP Lynn -Area Area Area M8ss. land land Report Total 7 Under 20 ------o - - - - I 20-24 - - - - 1 - 2 - 2 - - - 5 ij ;:I;: 1 - 1 - - - - - 2 2 1 L - - g 35-39 -,,,,-,,,,,- ...... - - 40-44 5 - -1- - 0 - - - -& 1 45-49 7 - 1 0 - - - - 8 o - - - 50-54 2 1 o o 3 55-59 4 - 1 0 .. - - 0 5 60-64 ------1 - - ...... 0 - - - - 1 3 65-69 - - -1------1- w 70-74 ------rl 75 and Over o o o a ------Age Unknown 1 - 1 o o - - - 2 ? TOTAL 24 1 9 - 2 - - - 36 d PER CENT 66.7 2.8 25.0 0 5.6 - - - 100.0

Under 20 o I ------I 20-24 o - - o - - - - - 25-29 1 - 2 - 2 - - - I 5 I 30-34 1 ------1 I 35-39 ------2 - 1 ...... - - - - - 40-44 5 - -1- - - 0 - - -2- 45-49 7 - 1 - - o - o 8 50-54 2 1 ------3 55-59 4 - 1 - - - - - 5 I 60-64 ------1 - --I------e------1 t 65-69 ------1- 70-74 o - - o o - - - - I I 75andOver- o I ------I Age Unlmcun 1 1 2 I ------I TOTAL 24 1 8 - 2 - - o 35 d PER CENT 68.6 2.9 22.9 - 5 7 - - - 100.0

Under 20 - o - - - - 3 - - 20-24 - - - - o - - - o 25-29 ------0 0 1 30-34 - - 1 - 0 - - 35-39 ...... ------40-44 ------0

75 and Over - - - - - o - - o Age Unlulm - - - - - o o - -

TOTAL 0 - 1 - - 0 PER CENT - - 100.0 - - - TABI;E VII (continued) PLACE OF EMPLOE4ENT OF EMPLOYED HEADS OF HDUSEmISS, JEWISH IOPULATmN AGE 14 AM) OVER, BY Aay SE=X AND AREA GREATER LPMY - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GFOUP Lynn ---Area Area Area. --Mass. land land Report Total.

? Under 20 - o ------I 1 20-24 ------I 2 a, 25-29 1 1 - o - - 1 30-34 - - - 2 - 2 & 35-39 ------.------9-2 - 1 - - 0 40-44 - - 1 - 1 g 45-49 1 0 - 0 - - 1 50-54 1 - 1 2 0 4 3 55-59 1 1 60-64 ------.-l------.------C - 1 C - - 1 1 65-69 o C - - - - 70-74 - - - - - o - - o 75 and Over - - - - o - - - %" AgeThlman - - - - - 7 MTU 5 5 6 - - - - 16 d PERCENT 31.3 - 31.3 37.5 - - - - 100.0

Under 20 - - - o - - - 20-24 ------25-29 1 1 - - - - 2 30-34 - - - 2 - - - 0 2 35-39 ------.-.------.--9-2 - 1 - - - 0 - 40-44 - - - 1 - - - - 1 45-49 1 0 - - - - - 1 50-54 1 1 2 - - - - 4. 55-59 - 1 - - - - 1 60-64 ...... - - 1 - - - - 1 65-69 - - 1 - - o - 1 70-74 ------0 - - 75 and Over - o - - o - - - - Age IBlImown ------

Under 20 20-24

75andOver - Age Uthown - MTAL PER CEm TABT;Ii: VII (continued) PLACE OF Ei~IF.G43i\TOF EWIYED BEADS OF L?JUSEIg3ISS, JEWISH FOPULATDN AGE 14 AND OVER, EIY AGE, SW AM) AREA GliEATER LYNN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other - EM- No -GmUP I&mn Area Area Area Mass. land land Report Total - - - ?I Under 20 - - - . - 1 20-24 1 1 I ------1 - 5 - - - - - 6 3 ;::;t 2 - 4 - 1 - - - 7 1 4 g 35-39 - ,- - ,, , - ...... - - - - - 4 - 4 0-4 4 - i 1 - - p - 3 3 45-49 - - 1 - - - 1 50-54 - 1 . - - 1 2 Q) - 4 55-59 1 1 - - - - 2 60-64 ...... ------& 65-69 ------+I0 70-74 ------75aadOver ------P Age Unknown ------I I TOTAL 5 2 17 1 1 - - 1 27 3 PERCENT 18.5 7.4 63. o 3.7 3.7 - - 3.7 100.0 Under 20 I ------1 20-24 1 1 I - - - - I 25-29 1 - 5 - - - - - 6 30-34 2 4 - 1 - - - 7 I 1 - 4 - - - - I 35-39 ------5 1 40-44 - -1- 1 1 - - - - 3 : 45-49 - - 1 - - - - 1 50-54 - - 1 - - 1 2 55-59 1 1 - - - - 2 1 60-64 ------I 65-69 - - - - - 1 70-74 ------I 1 75 and Over ------I I Age mown ------I I I 1 TOTAL 5 2 17 1 1 1 27 4 m~ CENT 18.5 7.4 63.0 3.7 3.7 - - 3.7 100.0 7 I Under 20 I ------1 20-24 ------I 1 25-29 I ------1 30-34 ------I 35-39 ------I 40-44 ------: 45-49 -I ------@ 60-64 ------I_------65-69 ------70-74 ------I 1 75 and Over ------.. I I Age Unknown I ------I I I fl3TAL .. - - I - - - - 4 mCEm .. - I .. - .. - - 9 TABTE VII (continued) PLACE OF E~Y~~OF EMPLOYED HEADS OF I%;)FmS JEWISH fOrmLATlDN AGE 14 AND Om, BY AGE, SIW AND AREA GREATER LYNm - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJA Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Big- Ew- No -GmUP Lynn Area Area Area Mass. land land Repo* Total * I 20 g - - - I Under - - - - - 1 I 20-24 1 - 1 1 - - - - 3 0 6 3 1 I - - 28 4 25-29 15 3 30-34 35 7 23 7 4 1 - - 77 35-39 - - - 40 13 - - -32 - - - - - &-----4 -3---1--4 126 22 1 'El 40-44 -27 - - - 33 - 3x4- $j 45-49 27 6 14 7 2 1 - - 57 50-54 7 6 6 7 2 - 2 30 55-59 6 2 2 2 - - 9 - 12 3 60-64 ----3----,,------4 4 1 ------12 65-69 3 - 1 - 0 9 -1- - -5- P.I 70-74 ------1 1 4a 75andOver - - - - 1 - - 1 -g Age Unknown 1 - 2 1 1 - 5 ? I TOTAL 165 63 130 66 25 7 8 7 471 PERCEIW 35.0 13.4 27.6 14.0 5.3 1.5 1.7 1.5 100.0

Under I 20 ------1 1 1 1 t 20-24 - - - - - 3 1I 25-29 15 3 6 3 1 - - - 28 I1 30-34 35 7 23 7 4 1 - - 77 I 4 I 35-39 - - - -2 - - -3 - - 3 - - -1 - - - - ,-4- - - ,- - - 2 - - 126 40-44 27 21 33 20 3 - 3 - -1i2- 1 1 I 45-49 27 6 14 7 2 - - 57 50-54 7 6 6 7 2 0 9 2 30 55-59 5 1 2 2 9 - - - 10 60-6h ----3------4 4 1 - - - - 12 1 1 I 65-69 3 - - - - -5- ; 70-74 o - - - 9 - - o - 1 I 75 and Over - - - - - 1 - - 1 I I I Age Unknown 1 - 2 1 1 - - 5 I I I TOTAL 164 61 130 66 25 7 8 5 466 II: PER CENT 35.2 13.1 27.9 14.2 5.4 1.5 1.7 1.1 100.0

o I Under 20 ------1 20-24 - o ------I

1 g I 25-29 ------1 30-34 ------I I ------I 35-39 ...... 1 40-44 - 1 - - 0 - - 1 - -2- : 45-49 ------aJ ------:;::; 1 1 ------2 60-64 ...... ------I I 65-69 ------1 I 70-74 ------1 1

1 9 g o I 75 and Over - - - - .. ; Ageunknown ------I I TOTAL 1 2 - 0 - 2 5 PER(=ENT 20.0 40.0 - - 40.0 100,O TARLZ VII (~oncllrded) PLACE OF EMKDYMeNT OF EMPI1L)YED BEADS OF B3WBDI;DS JEWISH H)PUL4TDlN AGE 14 AND OVER, BY AGE, SEX APID AREA GREATER IJMN - 1955 Boston Other Other Out of North CJS Boston New New AGE Greater Shore N.Shore CJA Other Eng- Eng- No -GmUP Lynn -Area Area Area Mass. 1 land Report Total * I Under 20 ------I I 20-24 1 - 2 1 - - - 4 I o 25-29 21 3 3 7 - - - - 34 - 1 3 30-34 31 7 22 11 2 1 - 75 g 35-39 --- -3 - - - 3O - a ,,21 - - - 6 - - -3-1 - - -3-2 - - - - - 116 40-44 1t - - -3r 20 - -150- 3 45-49 59 18 34 19 8 2 1 141 ' a 50-54 40 9 15 12 5 5 1 2 89 ?I 55-59 23 5 9 13 4 1 - 55 60-64 - - - 18------ao02 1 6 1 1 - 1 65-69 -15 2 3 - - - - - 15 9-1 70-74 4 ------4 g 75andOver 2 - - 1 - - - - 3 .t; Age Unknown - 1 4 - - - - - 5 %' I 'IOTAL 326 68 157 110 35 14 6 5 721 3 PER CENT 45.2 9.4 21.8 15.3 4.9 1.9 0.8 0.7 100.0 *, Under 20 ------I 1 20-24 1 - 2 - 1 - - 4 I I 25-29 21 3 3 7 I - - - - 34 1I 30-34 31 7 22 11 2 1 - 1 75 48 - 115 I 35-39 ----6---8- 3O - - - -21 - - - B---3----3------6 1 2 1 40-44 1 -31T 20 - -1fi7- I - 1 45-49 59 18 34 18 8 2 - 1 14o 50-54 12 5 5 1 1 86 d 38 9 15 g 55-59 23 5 9 13 4 1 - - 55 I 60-64 - - - 18 ------ao-2 1 6 1 1 - 1 1 65-69 -15 2 3 - - - - - 15 70-74 4 ------4 I I 75 and Over 2 - - 1 - - - - I 3 I Age Unknown - 1 - - - - - I 4 5 I I I mTAL 320 68 157 109 35 14 6 4 713 3 PERCENT 44 .9 9.5 22.0 15.3 4.9 2.0 0.8 0.6 100.0 Under 20 ------I 1 20-24 ------I 1 25-29 ------I 1 I 30-34 ------I 1 - - - - - 1 I 35-39 ...... 1 40-44 3 ------I -3- 1 45-49 - - - 1 - - - 1 - - - - - 1 3 3 ;;I;; 2------0) 60- 64 ...... ------o 7 63-69 ------I 1 I 70-74 - - - - - 1 I 75 and Over ------t Age LWmom .. - - o - - - I I 1 TDTAL 6 - - 1 - - - 1 8 II: PERCENT 75.0 - - 12.5 - - - 12.5 100.0 TABIZ VIII c-m ,nmmI SCrnL mmBY TPPE AM) SEX+ Total MBLe Fenmale Br Br Per -lhtbr -Cent Number -Cent lbuber -Cent TEMmg BETH EL - 346 ) TEMPLE ISRAEL - 306 ) 748 59.4 394 60-9 354 57.8 TEMPLE SINAI - 96 )

CONG. AHABAT SEE)IDM 90 7.1 53 8.2 37 6.0

LYNN HEB'REW SCmL 159 12.6 74 11.4 85 13.9

PERETZ YIDDISH SCBX)L 56 4.4 25 3 9 31 5.1 ALL DAY SCEK>OL 10 0.8 4 0.6 6 1.0

PRIVATE 11 0.9 9 1.4 2 0.3

+ This table was derived Prom enrollment statistics supplied by the schools listed (except Other, and Private taken from questionnaire responses), A comparison of these data with the Study material obtained directly from the respondents shared certain discrepancies in the distribution of students by schools although the overall enrollments derived from both sources differed by no more than five per cent. It was felt that the sizeable number of "no information" answers to this question derived from the Study respondents made the data from this source less useful than the school figures even though the latter were less detailed. LYNN JEWISH HIUCAT3X)N PLANS, CKCLDREN UNDER 13 YEARS OF AGE, BY5,TYPEANDAREA G~~ LYNN - 1955

1: 0 2 17 - 1 - - 1122 3 4 7 I1I 2 27 4 2 - - 2 29 4 70 12 7 10 3 4 1 11-25 4 56 3 - 23 4 2 - 1-237 6 75 4 : ---1---30------3- - ,2 ------2 -- 24 - - -4 - - 12- 1 5 1 19 -4- 1 -2- - - -3- -25 3 55 6 2 15 - 3 2 - - - 11 3 36 j 7 1 15 3 - - - - 13 5 37 8 - 8 3 2 1 - - - 13 1 28 g - 8 C 9 2 9 - - - 22 I ------3------I 10 - 9 1 9 9 - .. -13-----1 51- 11 9 3 1 - - - 1 10 2 I - 17 1 12 - - 2 21 I 3 3 - - - 13 I TOTAL 25 185 21 25 8 4 2 9 240 38 557 PER CENT 4.5 33.2 3.8 4 -5 i,4 0,7 0.4 1.6 43.1 6.8 100.0 EAST TABU3 IX (~orrtinued) LYWN JEWISH EDU=ATXlN PUUB, CH5U)REN UPiIDER 13 PEARS OF AGE, - BY SXX, TYPE AND AlBA GHEATER LYNN - 1955

4 d gg; s! 9) NrOd 9d Q 23 dlad fad a sg ga +dsE8.a s8 $ B+S~8 g ad" -Am -8~" E-ca~m-- o am &Crn a 2 ! 0 - - 1 - 1 --11 2 20 I 5 1 1 11 2 - - 0 - - 17 2 33 2 1 12 2 3 - - - - 16 2 36 B 3 1 9 3 1 - 2 110 2 29 $: 4 2 8 4 2 ------,, - -3- -- -2------P - -1 - 3L- 5 - 6 3 0 - - - 9 3 23 6 - 5 - - - - -1 2 1 9 7 1 4 ------3 1 9 - 1 2 - - - -- 4 - 7 3 - 1 1 1 - - - 0 - 8 k 9 --'----E------l---'------w0 10 - - - - - i? - 7 11 - 1 1 1 - 0 -1 1 - 5 12 1 ------4 - 5 +'0 TOTAL 7 65 17 14 - 5 - 3 95 16 222 4 PERCENT 3.2 29.3 7.7 6.3 - 2.3 - 1.4 42.8 7.2 100.0

$ 0 - 2 0 - - 1 -- 4 2 1 9 I 1 1 5 1 - - 0 - - 9 1 17 I2I - 10 2 1 - - - - 10 I - 23 13 1 9 - - 0 1-16 1 19 14 ------3----3-,--3--,,,,-,-,------1 - - - - 6 2 18 - 5 - 5 1 2 0 - - - 5 1 -1q f6 - 2 - - - - -1 2 1 6 1 1 - - 0 - - - 3 - 5 - 1 1 - - - - 0 1 3

I TOTAL 4 4 0 9 7 - 2 -248 8 120 d PERCENT 3.4 31 3 7.5 5.8 - 1.7 - 1.7 40.0 6.7 100.0

TOTAL 3 25 pERCENP 3.0 24.5 WEST TAJ3B IX (~ontiawd) LYNN JENISE EDUCATIDTT CHILDREN UIm 13 YEARS OF Am, - BP SEX, TYPE AND AREA WTER LYNm - 1955

0 1 1 14 2 18 5I - - - - - I - - 1 3 1 - - - 16 - 21 0,l - - 14. 1 26 2 - 2 2 6 1 - - 3k 5 - 2 1 - 17 4 29 4 ------1 4 -2-- - - -3-8 - - -2-1 ------9-----1 24 5 0 3 - --- -13 3 z5- 3 6 1 2 1 6 6 - - 9 2 27 7 1 3 - 8 - - - - 10 2 24. - 1 1 2 1 - -- 6 1 12 1 1 2 0 - - - 6 k 9 ------$--I.-- i o -1- 1- w0 10 - - - -8- 11 - 1 - - - - - 5 1 7 ';d 12 ------7 1 8 TOTAL 3 2 3 9 40 15 - 1 - 125 19 235 PER CENT 1.3 9.8 3.8 17.0 6.4 - 0.4 - 53.2 8.1 100.0 o 1 1 8 2 12 tI ------0 12 I 1 0 - 2 1 - - 9 - 2I 2 1 4 7 1 I - - - - - 15 I 3 - 3 - 2 1 - - 7 0 13 I4 1 0 6 2 I ------1------'------i;--3---9- I5 - 3 -2- - - - 14 6 1 2 1 3 4 - -- 4 1 16 1 1 6 - -- 2 - 10

0 %I ; ------1 1 0 0 0 2 II9 ---,------l------1 - - 1 10 - - - 1 - 1 - -2- I - 1 11 - - 0 - - - - - 0 I - 1 12 I ------1 1 I I I TOTAL 3 12 3 26 9 - 1-46 7 107 PER CE~2.8 11.2 2.8 24.3 8.4 - 0.9 - 43.0 6.5 100.0 2 I o - 6 I ------6 11 1 1 0 I - - - 7 9 12 - - 1 2 1 - - - 7 0 11 3 - 2 - 0 0 - - 10 4 16 : 4. ------4 ------2 1 ------1 15 5 - -2- 1 -1- - - - a 1 11- TABIE fX (Continued) JEWISH EDDCATTJR PIAN3, CHlIZlm UNDER 13 PEARS OF AGE, mm,TYPEmAHEA GREATES L!lNN - 1955

rl Q)

AGE- - -- -H

7 0 E: KKI?AL - 6 - - - o -5 - 2 13 PERCENT 46.2 - 0 - - - 38.5 - 15.4 100.0

I I TOTAL - 5 - - - - -4 - 1 10 PERCEKC - 50.0 - o - - - 40.0 - 10.0 100.0 TtZBIX IX (continued) 3EWISH EDWTIDN PLANS, CHILMBE UI'UIER 13 YEARS OF AGE, BY SEX, TYPE AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955

rl .. W mrl .r Q) QWrl rl RZS +'a AGE R - - ..----- 7

b r TOTAL - 1 2 2 1-2 - - 8 4 PERCENT - 12.5 25.0 25.0 - 12.5 - 25.0 - - 100.0 * ! 0 ------

I 11OTA.L - - 1 1 - 0 -1 - - 3

4 PERCENT - - 0 . - 100.0 * 33.3 33.3 - - . -

I I 11OT.L 0 1 1 1

4 PER CEW 0 20.0 20.0 20.0 TABUS M (Continued ) JEWLSH EDUCATDN IZANS, CHlUEEN UNDER 13 YEPiRS OF AGE, IIY SEK, TYPE AND AREA ml!ER LYNN - 1955 ..

"Jd .. A a, Q,Wd Nrnd !Id

@h"p + I2 gz;:kaa rig?98 5 $ +,cd +,bd 4 0 AGE- -R RWHm - 8:dS -$,&+bs!% - 2 - -13

i3 10 8 21 I TOTAL - - - 3 - - - 4 PERCE~ - - - 14.3 - - - 47.6 38.1 - 100.0

I 1 TOTAL - - - 2 - - -52 - 9 PERCENT - - - 22.2 - - - 55.6 22.2 - 100.0

I I TOTAL - 3 PERCENT - lAImBl3- ?t%Buz M @oat%md) HEAD JEWISH mmI#PLFm, VNDER 13 YE= OF AGE, - flYSEX,TrPEAM)~ GREAT5R IXNN - 1955 a $d2 35 dlCv-4 2 'i 83c1 84&- %w % AGE- -R H~HV) & +..o~~~o..~.~ooF~~le~~~~~~o~~o~~~*..--o--.------we------* *-Total for Male and Female---*

R)POO\O~O\UI~WIUPO IUPO\~CD+(~\UI~WIU~O ~roam4mulrwruroIb I

i I I I a I 1

Temples Beth-El , Israel, Sinai

Peretz I I Illllplrll ill Yiddish I I ISchool All-Day I School ( Private

I I I I r mIU I I not sure PC I r IIW 4 I I III I I I IUIPIUP 8 r to rr811 rrrru~ruwruww I-' IU of Type I I 1 I I I I I 1 I I rr rr ru I I I rru~rrururur I rrruwlrtrrru btal ?P ,d,,&q%KGSt; ?8: WNNrr4WW4W\Dlul \o-r~oultru~N~m I I I 82 I 0 0 0 I 3 CU, I aco lnr-lncomr- ma 8%m0%% ~~~~\4~% a NN 5-+Iw a3 I-II-II-I r( CU

'u I 0: 9 a3 A 88 $ r(cuv3mr-m coo I rlcuwcu 1 Irl~rlrn~r-d dwas CU Ess s 5 m 'U. E rnchr(rnr(I mln CU4-aCUcuI a ,-,ln,-,IaI ,-,#-I 0 r-nr(r( wr( r( r( w 8

I T T 1 k a, lna ma m Oco Incur( ma3 mw lnr-wmma *,-I 8 z ln~%t-sd sm r(=s%mr( CUt-m CU mr( r( 0r( r( E! 2 U 1 l?ABIX X (continued) CONGREGATIONAL MEMHERSHIP(S ) , JEWISH H)PULATIODI, BY AGE OF BEAD OF EIUSEHDLD AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Ortho- dox, Ortho- Ortho- Conser- Conser- dox and dox vative vative Un- AGE Ortho- Conser- Conser- and and and aff il- No -AREA -GIdOUP dox --vative Reform vative Reform --Reform Reform iated Report -Total

50-59 60-69 70 and Over TOTAL PER CENT

40-49 50-59 60-69 70 and Over mTAL PW CENT ~YNNFBm 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70 and Over

!lm!RL PER mNT TABLE X (concluded) CONGREGATIONAL MEMBERSHIP(S ) , JEWISH FOPULATIOPT, BY AGE OF HEAD OF HOUSEBDIS AM) AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Ortho- dox, Ortho- Ortho- Conser- Conser- dox and dox vat ive vat ive Un- Ortho- Conser- Conser- and and and af f il- No dox vative Reform vative Reform Reform Reform iated Report Total L--- -

50-59 60-69 70 and Over mTAL PER CENT

40-49 50-59 60-69 70 and Over ml3m XI CONGREGATIONAL ~~ OF HOUSEBOIDS, JEWISH POPULATION, BY AGE OF HOUS%HDLD HEAD AM) AHEA (Including Only Those Not Reporting Congregational ~ffillations) GREATER LYNN - 1955 Age of Conarega,tional Preferences Household None Area Head Orcthodox Conservative Reform Other Specified -Total GREA~LYNN 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70 & Over No Age Specified TOTAL Per Cent

EAST LYNN

40-49 9 50-59 15 40-69 16 70 & Over 6 No Age Reported 2 TOTAL 63 Per Cent 31.3

WEST LYNN

40-49 50-59 60-69 70 & Over No Age Specified TOTAL Per Cent

SAUGUS 20-29 30-39 - 40-49 - 50-59 - 60-69 1 70 & Over - No Age Specified - TOTAL 1 Per Cent 14.3 TABU3 XI (continued) CONGmGATIONAL pla3mamE OF HOUSEHom, JEWISH POPULATION, BY AGE OF HCXEXHOLD EEAD AM) AREA (~ncludingOnly Those Not Reporting Congregational Affiliations) GREATER LYNN - 1955 Age of Congre~atiomlPreferences Household None Area Head -x Conservative Reform Other Specified -Total 1 4 40-49 - 1 50-59 - - 60-69 1 2 70 & Over 1 1 No Age Specified -- 1

TOTAL 2 10 ' Per Cent 20.0 100.0 4 4 40-49 - 50-59 1 60-69 - 70 & Over - No Age Specified - TOTAL Per Cent

40-49 50-59 60-69 70 & Over No Age Specified TOTAL Per Cent

40-49 50-59 60-69 70 & Over No Age Spec ified TOTAL Per Cent h XI1 TOWN OF LAST -US RES- AND OF YEARS SZNCK LAST M3VEy BY CUEEWW AREA GHEATER LYNN - 1955 GREATER LYNN EAST LYNN Tam of Ntmrber of Years Since Last Move Number of Years Since Last Mo,ve Last Previous Over Over Residence 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 25 ~otsl 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 25 ~otsl -- 7 - BEVERLY 12 6 1 2 1 22 - - - 11 2 BOSTON 43 37 3 g 14 106 9 7 - 3 5 24 araOOKLINE 39 32 5 4 1 81 4 4 - - - 8 CAMBRIDGE 7 8 - - 1 16 12 - - 1 4 CHElSEA 94 32 9 8 8 151 8 2 1 2 2 15 DORCHESTER 29 10 10 5 4 58 8 3 3 3 2 19 EAST BOSTON 1 - - 1 - 2 ------mTT 20 11 - - - 31 - 1 - - - 1 GI13I.JcESTER 11 - - - 2 - - - - 0 -

ReVERE 58 19 3 8 1 89 9 6 2 3 - 20 W3XBUHlt 14 8 3 3 4 32 12 1 2 - 6 SALEM 21 20 6 2 5 54 4 2 1 - 1 8

Wl3%mRlP 19 5 - - - 24 2 1 - - - 3 OTEER MASS.TI)WPJS 40 19 14 2 7 82 10 2 10 1 1 24 OTBER N.E. TOWNS 16 8 4 2 2 32 9 2 2 - 1 14 OITTSIDE N.E. 54 18 14 9 5 100 19 5 5 3 - 32 OUTSIDE U.S.A. 6 6 3 2 12 29 2 1 1 - 4 8 TO TAL 1,327 690 336 338 288 2,979 313 156 118 93 68 748 PER CENT 44.5 23.2 u.3 11.3 9.7 100.0 41.8 20.9 15.8 12.4 9.1 100.0 TABIX XI1 (Continued) TOWN OF LAST PR&VIOUS FESn]BeNCe: AND NWBEFt OF YEARS SINCE LAST MIVE, BY CURREWT ARlFA GREAaGR LYNN - 1955 WEST LYNN SAUGUS %own of Mrmber of Years Since Last Move Number of Years Since bat Move Last Previous Over Over Residence -6-10 11-9 16-25 25 Total 5 -6-10 11-15 16-25 25 Total

EAST EDSmN 1 - - - 1 - - 0 f 0 - EVERETT 12 - - 3 2 - - - 2 0 GII)UCESTER o ------

WINTEIOP 4 3 - - - 7 o - - - - o OTHER MASS.^^ 4 8 3 1 4 20 - - - - I I OTHER N.E. mWNS - 1 1 11 4 - - - - I I OUTSIDE N.E. 3 3 7 6 4 23 - - - - .. OITTSIIX U.S.A. 2 5 2 2 8 19 - - - - - ..

~TAL 267 191 114 167 181 920 9 11 6 5 8 39 PER CENT 29.020.8 12.4 18.219.7100.0 23,128.2 15.4 12.8 20.5100.0 TABI1E XI1 (continued) TOWN OF LAST PREVlDtIj RESmPITJ@E AND IRMER OF YEARS SINCE LAST EDTTE, BY c-MI ARerCl CREA!l!ER LYNN - 1955 NAHANT LYNNFIELD Tam of Number of Yews Since Last Move IWmber of Years Since Last Move Last Previous Over Over Residence --0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 25 Total 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 23 -Total

EAST BDSTON - - - 1 - 1 - - - - 0 - - - - 1 EVERETT - - 0 - - - 1 - GUIUCESTER - - - 9 ------

LYYN-EAST & WEST 2 1 - - o 3 2 1 - 1 - 4 - 1 LYrrnIEIID 0 - - - - - 1 - - - MALDEN ------4 - - - - 4

REVERE ROXBURY SALEM

WIN!rEmP - 0 ------9 - OTBERMASS.~WNS - 1 - - o 1 1 - - - - 1 OTHER N.E. TOWNS ------

OEL'SIDE N.E. 3 - - o - 3 2 - - - - 2 OUTSIDE U.S .A. - - - - - 1 - - - 9 1 TAB= XI1 (concluded) TDWN OF LAST PREVllOUS RESIDIEm AND NUME2 OF PEARS SINCE LAST WVE, BY cmNTAREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 , MARBLEHEAD SWAMPSCOTT 'Pam of Number of .Years Siace Lasf Moye Num'oer of Years Since Last Move Last Previous Ove;: Over Residence --0-5 6-10 16-25 --25 ~otal 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-25 25 Total

EAST B3S?ON - - I ------EVERETT 10 1 - - - 11 6 7 - - - 13 GID WSESTER 1 - - - - 1 - 1 - - - 1 -LYNN-EAST & WEST 93 33 8 8 - 142 141 85 41 36 20 323 -LYNNF'lEI;D - - - - - 1 - - - - 1 141l;ljEN 6 1 - - - 7 14. 1 - - - 13

REVERE 17 1 - - - 18 19 7 o - - 26 mXBm 7 4 - - - 11 3 2 1 - 1 7 SALEM 7 8 2 1 - 18 8 8 2 - - 18

JIMTBTfOP -4 1 - - - 5 9 - - - - 9 ITEERMASS~TOWNS 8 3 - - 1 12 17 5 1 - 1 24 ITHER N.E. TOWNS 5 2 1 - - 8 2 3 - 1 - 6 )UTSmE N.E. 11 7 1 - - 19 16 3 1 - 1 21 IIITSIIJE: U.S.A. ------1 - o - - 1 DTAL! 297 134 25 16 2 474 406 190 72 34 29 751 'ER CENT 62.7 28.3 5.3 3.4 0.4 100.0 54.1 25.3 9.6 7.2 3.9 100.0 TABU XI11 BOMF: OWNERSHIP STATUS, JEJJISH POPUIATION, BY AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Home Ownership Status No Area -Own Rent Report EAST LYNN WEST LYNX SAUGUS NAHANT LYNNFIl3LD MARBm SWAMPSCOTT GREATER LYNN Per Cen3 (3,0449100.0 ) TABLE XIV DUhiBER OF HOUsEZXDS WITH OmE OR MOKE AGED MEMBERS, 65 YEARS OF AGE OR OVER, BY SlZE OF HOUSEHOLD AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955

Size of Household Per Area -1 -2 3 2 -6 1 -Total -Cent EAST LYNN 33 67 18 13 12 5 - 148 27.7 WEST LMJN 52 154 58 11 20 8 1 304 56.8 SAUGUS - 1 2 - - - - 3 0.6 NAHANT - 3 - - - - - 3 0.6 LYNNFIELD ------MARBLEHEAD 1 12 2 2 4 2 - 23 4.3 SWAMPSCOTT 5 --22 8 8 8 2 1 54-10.1 GREATEI~ LYNN 91 259 88 34 44 17 2 535 100.0 Per Cent 17.0 48.4 16.4 6.4 8.2 3.2 0.4 100.0

TABLE XIV A PROPORTION OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH AGED MEMBEZS TO TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS BY SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD AND AREA GIiEATER LYNN - 1955

Size of Household Area 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -Total EAST LYNN 43.4 28.4 10.8 6.5 18.5 31.3 - 19.4 WEST LYNN 56.5 48.0 24.3 5.5 26.3 47.1 50.0 32.1 SAUGUS - 14.3 16.7 - - - - 7.5 NABANT - 37.5 - - - - - 14.3 LmIELD ------M4RBmm 100.0 25.5 2.5 0.8 3.9 15.4 - 4.8 SWAMPSCOTT 45.5 19.1 4.8 2.5 7.2 7.4 25.0 7-1

GREATEI~ LYNN 50.0 35.1 13.1 3.4 12.0 22.1 28.6 17.6 TABm XV ACED INDIVIDUAIS, 65 YEMG AND OVER, BY AGE, SIZF: OF HOUSEHOD, SEX, AND ARXA GREATER LYNN - 1955 - GREATER LYNN MALE l?EM4LE TOTAL Size of Household 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & & Marital Status & 74 Over Tots1 69 74 Over Total 74 Over Total (Siqle 2-- 2 - - 1 1 2 - 1 3 (Married ------(Divorced-separated 1-1 2 - - - - 1 - 1 2 (widowed 837 18 24 26 18 68 32 29 25 86 {~aritalStatus Unknown 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 ------(TOTAL 12 3 8 "2 24 26 19 69 362927 92 (S ixgle -21 3 1 - - 1 121 4 (~ai-ried 103 64 29 201 76 31 19 126 184 95 48 327 2 (Divorced-separated ------Widowed 677 20 14 8 6 28 20 15 13 48 i Marital Status Unknown ------(TOTAL 114 73 37 224 91 39 25 155 205 112 62 379 (single 17- 2 - - - - 11- 2 (biirried 34 8 8 50 15 6 4 25 49 14 12 75 3 (Divorced-separated ------(wid owed 327 12 4 6 14 24 7 8 21 36 (Maritsl Status Unkncrwn 1 - - 1 - - - - 1-- 1 ------(TOTAL 39 11 15 65 19 12 18 49 58 23 33 114 - - 1 1 - - - - - pi:d 9 14 14 52 - 7 1434- 1 2l1 4 Divorced-Separated ------(widowed 112 4 51 7 13 629 17 (Marital Status Unkmwn - - 1 1 -1 1 2 -12 3 ------(TOTAL lo 2 6 20 10 4 8 22 20 6 16 42 (single ------(Married 421 7 51 - 6 9 3 1 13 5 (~ivorced-separated ------(W id.owed 144 9 97 8 24 10 11 12 33 (Marital StatusUnkmwn - - - - -1 1 2 -11 2 ------(TOTAL 565 16 14 9 9 32 19 15 14 48 ------133 7 21 2 5 345 12 6 (~ivorced-separated ------(W idowed 211 4 33 1 7 542 ll (~aritalStatus VnZma~n - 1 - 1 - - - - -1- 1 -LT-%------354 12 54 3 12 897 24 (single ------(~arried ------7 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed 1 - - 1 -1 - 1 11- 2 (Marital Status Uhknown ------(TOTAL 1-- 1 - 1 - 1 11- 2 (Single 332 8 1- 1 2 433 lo (Married 156 78 45 279 103 41 25 169 259 119 70 448 (Divorced -separated 1-1 2 - - - - 1-1 2 Widowed 22 18 28 68 59 52 54 16~ 81 70 82 Marital Status Unknwn 2 1 1 4 -2 2 23d g (GRRM) T(YPAL 184 loo 77 361 163 95 82 340 347 195 159 701 .TABLE XV (Continued) AGED INDIVIW.AIS, 65 YEARS AND OVER, BY AGE, SIZE OF HOUSEHOD, SEX, AmD GmmLYNN - 1955 EAST LYNN Mm l?Ewux TOTAL Size of Househo1.d G5- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & & Marital Status 74 Over Total &-Over Total 6J 74 Over Total (single ------1 1 - - 1 1 (Ibrried ------1 (~ivorced-separated ------(widowed 11 2 4 8 12 7 27 9 13 9 31 (~laritalStatus Unlmom 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1

(~ingle -1 1 2 - - - - -1 1 2 (Nazried 27 13 8 48 19 6 5 30 46 19 13 78 2 (~ivorced-separated ------(widowed 11 4 6 52411 63 8 17 (Parital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 28 15 13 56 24 8 9 41 52 23 22 97 (Single -1 - 1 - - - - -1 - 1 (Married 7 - - 7 11 - 2 81 - 9 3 (Divorced-separated ------(llidowed 11 2 4 -1 3 4 12 5 8 (Marital Status Unknawn 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 ...... (T~AL 92213 12 3 61045 19 (single - - 1 1 ------1 1 (Married 4- 1 5 3 - - 3 7- 1 8 4 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed -1 1 2 11 3 5 12 4 7 (Marital Status Unknown ------1 1 - - 1 1 ...... (TOTAL 41 3 8 41 4 9 82 7 17 (single ------(Married -2 1 3 21 - 3 23 1 6 3 (Divorced-separated ------(W idmed 12 2 5 13 - 4 25 2 9 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 14 3 8 34 - 7 48 3 15 (single ------(Married ------5 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed - - 1 1 12 1 4 12 2 5 (Marital Status Unknown ------(TOTAL - - 1 1 12 1 4 12 2 5 =------me------!(single -2 2 4 - - 1 1 -2 3 5 (Married 38 15 10 63 25 8 5 38 63 23 15 101 3 (Divorced-separated ------8 (widowed 4 6 12 22 16 21 18 55 20 27 30 77 (Marital Status Unhown 2 - - 2 - - 1 1 2- 1 3 5' (GRAND TOTAL 44 23 24 91 41 29 25 95 85 52 49 186 66. TABIE XV (continued ) AGED INDIVIDUALS, 65 YEARS AND OVER, Ek AGE, SlZE OF HOUSEHOI;D, SEX,AND AREA GREAm LYllN - 1955 WTST LYNN ?~~ MaF, F'EMAIE TOTAL Size of Household 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & -65- 70- 75 & Marital Status @ 74 Over Total 69 74 --Over Total 3 74 Over Total (Single 2 - - 2 - - - - 2 - .. 2 (Married ------1 (Divorced-Separated 1- 1 2 -- - - 1 - 1 2 (Widowed 52 4 11 14 13 10 37 19 15 14 48 (Marital Status &known ------...... (TOIIAL 82 5 15 14 13 10 37 22 15 15 52 (Sin& -1 - 1 -- - - -1- 1 (Married 63 41 15 119 41 23 11 75 104 64 26 194 2 (Divorced-Separated ------(widowed 56 3 1475 2 14 12 11 5 28 (Marital Status Uhknown ------...... (TOTAL 68 48 18 134 48 28 13 89 116 76 31 223 (Single 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 (Married 20 7 6 33 11 3 4 18 31 10 10 51 3 (Divorced-separated ------(W idowed 21 4 7 44 9 17 6 5 13 24 (Marital Status Unknown ------(TOTAL 23 8 10 41 15 7 13 38 15 23 76 ------25------[;%a 2 - 2 4 11 - 2 312 6 4 (Divorced-Separated ------(widowed 1- 1 2 2- 3 5 3-4 7 (MaritalStatusUnknm - - 1 1 ------1 1 ...... (TOTAL 3- 4 7 31 3 7 617 14 (Single ------(Married 3 - - 3 3- - 3 6 - - 6 5 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed -2 1 3 43 3 10 454 13 (Marital Sta-tus Unknown - - - - -1 1 2 -11 2 ...... (TOTAL 32 1 6 74 4 15 lo 6 5 21 (Single ------(Married 13 1 5 21 - 3 341 8 6 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed - - - - 21 - 3 21- 3 (Marital Status Unknown - 1 - 1 -- - - -1- 1 ...... (TOTAL 14 1 6 42 - 6 561 12 (Single ------(Married ------(Divorced-separated ------.. (widowed - - - - -1 - 1 - 1 - 1 (Marital Status Unknown ------(TOTAL - - - - -1 - 1 -1- 1 ------3- i - --'- - 6 ------3- -1------6 1~:::d i1~:::d 89 51 24 164 58 28 15 101 147 79 39 265 9 (~ivorced-separated 1- 1 2 - - - - 1 - 1 2 a (wiaowed 13 11 13 37 33 27 27 87 46 38 40 64 (Marital Status Unknown - 1 1 2 -1 1 2 -22 4 5j (GRAND TOW 106 64 39 209 91 56 43 1%) 197 120 82 399 'PABIZ XV (continued) AGED INDIVIDUAIS, 65 YEARs AM) OVER, BY AGE, SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD, SEX, AM) AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955

Mrn FEMALF: TOTAL Size of Household 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & 5- 70- 75 & 8: Marital Status 9 74 Over Total Over Total & 74 Over Total (Single ------(Married 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 2 (Divorced-Separated ------.. - - - - - (widowed ------(Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 (Single ------(Married 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 3 (~ivorced-Separated ------(widowed - - 1 1 - - 1 1 - - 2 2 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 1- 1 2 - - 1 1 1- 2 3 g (=me ------2 - - 2 - - - - 2 - - 2 1 ~~~~~d-Separated------8 (widowed - - 1 1 - - 1 1 - - 2 2 (Marital Status Unknown ------gL------GRAND TOTAL 2- 1 3 - - 1 1 2- 2 4

MAU l?EMALE TOTAL Size of Household 95- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & & Marital Status -69 '& Over Total 69 74 Over Total 69 74 --Over Total (Single ------(Married 2- 1 3 21 - 3 41 1 6 2 (~ivorced-Separated ------(W idawed ------(Marital Status Unknown ------...... ( TOTAL 2- 1 3 2 1 - 3 4 1 16 ------2- 1 3 21 - 3 41 1 6 (Divorced-Separated ------.. - - (W idared ------(~arita1status unknown ------dI------CXUmD TOTAL 2- 1 3 21 - 3 41 1 6

LYNNFIELD . . . . No aged individuals resid- in this town . . . . TABLE XV (continued) AGED INDIVIDUALS, 65 YEARS AM> OVER, BY AGE, SIZE OF HOUSEBOLD, SEX, AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955

MALE FEwm3 TOTAL Size of Household 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & 65- 70- 75 & & Marital Status 69 74 9ver Total 69 74 Over Total 69 74 Over Total (Single ------(Married ------1 (~ivorced-Separated ------(W idowed - - - - 11 - 2 11 - 2 (Marital Status Unknown ------.-.------(TOTAL - - - - 11 - 2 11 - 2 (single ------(Married 433 10 5 - 2 7 9 3 5 17 2 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 (Marital Status Unknam ------...... (TOTAL 4 3 3 10 6 - 2 8 lo 3 5 18 (single ------(Married 2 - - 2 2 - - 2 4 - - 4 3 (Divorced-separated ------~- - - (widowed ------(Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 2 - - 2 2 - - 2 4 - - 4 (single ------(Married - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 4 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 (Marital Status Unknown ------.------(TOTAL - - - - 2 - - 2 2 - - 2 (Single ------(Married 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 5 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed - - - - 2- 1 3 2- 1 3 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 1 - - 1 2- 1 3 3- 1 4 (Single ------(Married ------6 (~ivorced-Separated ------idow owed 11 - 2 - - - - 11 - 2 (Marital Status Unknam ------...... (TOTAL 11 - 2 - - - - 11 - 2 (single ------(Married 733 13 8 - 2 10 15 3 5 23 (~ivorced-separated ------4 (viaowed 11 - 2 51 1 7 62 1 9 (Marital Status Unknown ------(GRAM) TOTAL 8 4 3 15 13 1 3 17 21 5 6 32 69. TABLF: XV (concluded) AGED INDIVIDUAIS, 65 YEARS AND OVER, BY AGE, SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD, SEX, AND AKEA GREATER LYNN - 1955

Size of Household & Marital Status & & --&er Total & fi &er Total ?4 &er Total (single ------(Married ------1 (Divorced-separated ------(\lidawed 2- 1 3 1- 1 2 3 - 2 5 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 2- 1 3 1 - 1 2 3- 2 5 (single - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 (Married 117220 91 111 208 3 31 2 (Divorced-Separated ------(widowed - - - - 11 - 2 11 - 2 (Marital Status Unknuwn ------...... (TOTAL 117 2 20 112 114 229 3 34 (single ------(Married 41 2 7 12 - 3 53 210 3 (Divorced-Separated ------(widowed - - - - -1 1 2 -1 1 2 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 41 2 7 13 1 5 543 12 (single ------(Married 31 1 5 -1 - 1 32 1 6 4 (Divorced-Separated ------" - - 1- 1 2 1- 1 2 Eiit: status unknown - - - - - 1 - 1 -1 - 1 31 1 5 12 1 4 43 2 9 -&------[E:;:d [E:;:d ------5 Divorced-Separated ------Widawed - - 1 1 21 4 7 21 5 8 IMarital Status Unlmown ------(TOTAL 1 -+------1 21 4 7 21 5 8 (single ------(Married - - 2 2 - - 2 2 - - 4 4 6 (Divorced-separated ------(widowed 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOW 1 - 2 3 - - 2 2 1- 4 5 (single ------(Married ------7 (Divorced-separated ------(W idared 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 (Marital Status Unknown ------...... (TOTAL 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 (single - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 (Married 16 9 7 34 10 4 3 17 28 13 10 51 (Divorced ------f (widowed 4- 2 6 53 715 93 9 a (Marital Status Unknown - - - - -1 - 1 -1 - 1 (GRAM) TOTAL 22 g g 40 16 8 10 34 38 17 19 74 TABLE XVI 70. RELATIONSHIP !Kl HEAD OF mEEEDI9 OF PERSONS AGED 65 AND OVER, EN SEX, AREA AND AGE GREATER LYIJN - 1955 W.e and Female Head of House - Father- Mother- No Area end Age hold Wife Father in-Law Mother in-Law Other Report Total - - __I_ - EAST LYNN 65-69 54 24 - 1 1 4 1 - 85 70-74 31 6 1 3 3 6 2 - 75 and Over -27 -5 - -6 5 - TJTAL 112 35 1 10 3 =15 P - 4 Per Cent 60.2 18.8 0.5 5.4 4.8 8.1 2.2 - 100.0

79-74 75 27 3 4 5 2 - 119 75 and Over 49 -16 -2 5 6 - -- TJTAL m 101 5 i z 33 t - 3%- Per Cent 62.1 25.5 1.3 1.5 4 .O 4.5 1.0 - 100.0

. . 75 and Over TOTAL Per Cent 66.7 - - 33 3 - - - - 100.0

75 and Over -1 -- - - -w - -- - TOTAL 3 3 ------i Per Cent 50.0 50.0 ------100.0 -_--LYID*F'ZL;D ...... No aged individuals residing in this town......

76-74 4 - 1 .. - - - - 5 75 and Over -2 - - -- 1 -- - -6 TOTAL rt 9 1 o - 5 2 - 31 Per Cent 45.2 29.0 3.2 - - 16.1 6.5 - 100.0

75 and Over 2 -1 -1 -6 - -- -18 TOTAL 39 ii 1 3 i? 9 - 1 73 Per Cent 53.4 21.9 1.4 4 .1 5.5 12.3 - 1.4 100.0 GREATER LYNN 65-69 209 102 - 3 10 16 5 - 345 70-74 120 38 6 7 13 4 1 194. 75 and Over 87 24 11 -12 18 -1 -- 156 TOTAL 411j '1'54 i 29 47 10 1 695 Per Cent 59.9 23.6 1.2 2.9 4.2 6.8 1.4 0.1 100.0

TABLZ EJI (concluded ) 72. KELATD3IJSHIP TO HEW OF BDUSEBI)IS OF PERSONS AGED 65 AND OVER, OF SEX, AREA AND AGE GREATER LYNN - 1955 Female Head of muse- Father- Mother- No Area and Age hold -Wife -Father in-Law Mother in-Law Other Report Total WF- 12 24 - - 1 4 - 41 - 70-74 14 6 - o 3 6 29 75 and Over 2 -- -- -5 -5 - - 25 TOTAL p 35 - - 9 15 - - 95 Per Cent 37.9 36.8 - - 9.5 15.8 - - 100.0 ImST LYNN 65-69 18 58 - - 7 7 1 - 91 70-74 13 27 - 4 5 2 - 56 75 and Over -15 -16 -- -- 5 6 - -- mTAL 51 101 - - z5 i5 3 - i% 'Per Cent 27.0 53.4 - - 8.5 9.5 1.6 - 100.0

75 and Over TOTAL

1 - - 0 - - - 1 75 and Over ------o - TO TAL - 3 ------3 Per Cent - 100.0 - - - o o - 100.0 LYNNFIELD . . . . , . .No aged individuals residing in this town, ......

75 and Over -- -2 ------1 -- -- 3 TOTAL 1 9 - - - 5 2 - 17 Per Cent 5.9 52.9 - - - 29.4 11.8 0 100.0

- 75 and Over 1 -- -0 -6 -- -- TOTAL i z - - B 9 - 1 g Per Cent 11.8 47.1 - 11.8 26.5 - 2.9 100.o GREATER LYNN 65-69 32 102 - - 10 16 3 - 163 70-74 34 38 C - 7 13 2 1 95 75 and Over -26 24 -- -- -12 18 - -- 80 TOTAL 92 0 - 29 47 5 1 33 Per Cent 27.2 48.5 - - 8.6 13.9 1.5 0-3 100.0 TABU XVII CONGREGATIONAL MEMBJ3RSEUP ( s ) OF HOUSEBO~WITH AGED l!ENE3ER ( s 1, 65 YFXRS OF AGE OR OVER, BY AREA QREATER LYMN - 1955

Congref@tional Affiliations Orthodox Conser- Orthodox and Orthodox vative Conser- Conser- Conser- and and vative Area Orthodox --vative Reform vative Refom Reform Reform -Total EAST LYNN 59 46 1 2 - - 1 109 WEST LYNN 206 18 3 6 - - - 233 SAUGUS 1 1 - - - - - 2 NAHANT I - - - - - 1 LrnIELD ...... No households with aged members ...... MARBLEHEAD 3 11 5 - - 1 - mmLeSc0TT 17 28 1 2 1 - - Gmm LYNN 286 105 10 10 1 1 1 PER CENT

TABLF: rnIA C 0NGRF:GATIONA.L PXEFEZUINCE ( s ) OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH AGED MEMBER( s ) , 65 YEARS OF AGE OR OVER, BY AEiEA (~xclusiveof Households Reporting Congregational Affiliations) GREAllER LYlUW - 1955 Congregational Preferences Orthodox Ortho- Conser- Orthodox and dox vative Conser- None Ortho- Conser- Conser- and and vative Speci- Area -dox vative Reform vative Reform Reform Reform fied Total EAST LYNN 17 9 4 1 7 - - 1 39 WEST LYNN 3 4 4 2 2 17 - - 12 71 SAUGUS 1 ------1 NAHANT 2 ------2 LrnIELD ...... Nohouseholdswithagedmembers ...... MAKBUHEAD - - - - 2 - - 1 3 SWAMPSCOTT 1 4 ------5 Gmm LYNN 55 17 6 3 26 - - 14 la PER CENT HWUWNERSHIP STATUS OF HOUSEBOLDS WITH ONE OR MOKE AGED MEMBERS, 65 YEARS OR OLDER, BY SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD AND AREA GREATER LYNN - 1955 Area and Ownership Size of Household Per Status -1 -2 1 -4 2 -6 1 -Total -Cent EAST LYNN Own Rent No Report TOTAL WEST LYNN Own Rent No Report TOTAL

SAUGUS Own Rent No Report WAL NAHANT OhJll Rent No Report TOTAL . . . . . No households with aged members in this town . . . . . MARBmHEAD Own Rent No Report TOTAL SWAMPSCOTT Own Rent No Report TOTAL GREATER LYNN Own Rent No Report TOTAL

Per Cent Home Ownership By Size ofBhuaWd 4.4 45.2 48.9 61.8 81.8 88.2 100.0 TABU XIX DATE OF LAST MOVE MADE BY H0USEIK)IDS WITH AGED MEMBERS, JEWISH POPUI;CITIONy BY AREA AND TOWN MOVED FR6M GREATER LYNN - 1955

GREClTER LYNN

Year of Move Town Moved From 1944 1945 1946 @J 1948 1949 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955

Beverly - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - Boston - - - .. - 1 - 1 1 - 1 - Brookline - - - - - 1 1 o 1 - - - Chelsea - 1 - - 2 - 1 3 - 1 - - Dorchester ------1 1 1 1

East & West Lpnn 6 18 6 9 8 14 19 16 23 14 16 15 Malden - - 1 1 - - 1 - 1 - - - Marblehead - 1 - - - 1 1 1 - o - - Peabody - - - - 1 o - - 1 - - - Revere - - - - 1 1 - 1 - - 1 -

Roxbury ------2 - o - - - Salem - - o - - - 1 - - - - - Saugus - - 0 1 ------Swampscott 2 - - 1 - - 3 1 - 2 2 2 Winthrop ------1 Other Mass. Towns - - - - 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 - Other N. E. Towns - - 1 ------1 1 Outside N.E. - 2 - - - 1 ------Outside USA - - - - - 1 ------Not Reported ------1 - - - - TOTAL 8 22 g 12 13 21 30 24 30 18 23 20 TABLE XIX (continued) DATE OF LAST MOVE MADE BY HOUSEHOI9S WITB AGED MENEERS, JEWISH POPULATION, BYAHEAANDT(IWNMOVEDFROM GREAmR LYNN - 1955 EAST LYNN

Year of Move Town Moved From 1944 1946 1947 1948 1949 101951 121 1954

East &West Lynn 3 5 1 4 3 4 5 8 6 6 10 6 Malden - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - Marblehead ------1 - - - - Peabody ------Revere ------

TOTAL 4 8 2 4 4 5 6 10 9 7 14 6 TABU XM (continued) DATE OF LAST MOVE MADE BY HOUSEHOLDS WITH AGED MEMBERS, JEWISH POPUIATION, BY AREA AND TOWN MOVED FROM GREBTER LYNN - 1955

WEST LYNN

Year of Move Tam Moved From 1944 1944 1946 1941 1948 194.9 1950 1951 1952 1954 1955

East & West Lynn 3 10 4 5 3 7 11 7 14 6 5 9 Mdden - - - 1 - - 1 - - - - - Marblehead ------1 - - - - - Peabody - - - - 1 ------Revere - - - - 1 ------

Other Mass. Towns - - - - 1 1 1 - - - - - Other N.E. Towns - - 1 ------Outside N.E. ------Outside USA - - - - - 1 ------Not Reported ------TOTAL 3 10 5 6 6 9 16 7 14 6 6 10 TABU Xn (Continued) DATE OF LAST MOVE MADE BY HOUSEHOLDS WITH AGED MEMBERS, JEWISH PO~TION, BY AREA AND TOWN MOVED FROM GKEATER LYNN - 1955

SAUGUS

Year of Move

Town Moved From 1944 1945 1946 ' 1947 1948 1950 1951 95 1954

*ws TOTAL

Year of Move Town Moved From Boston ------1 - - - - TOTAL ------1 - - - -

. . . No households with aged members . . . TABU XM (continued) DATE OF LAST MOVE MADE BY HOUSEHOLDS WITH AGED MEMBERS, JXWISH POPCTLATION, BY AREA AND TOWN MOVED FROM GlnAm LYNN - 1955

Year of Move Town Moved From TABLE XIX (concluded) DATE OF IAST MOVE MADE BY HOUSEHOLDS WITH A0MEMBERS, JEWISH POPULATION, BY AREA AM) TOWN MOVED FROM GREATER LYNN - 1955

Year of Move Town Moved Won 1944 1945 1946 1941 1948 1949 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955

East & West Qrm - 3 1 - 2 3 2 1 1 1 - - Malden ------Marblehead ------Peabody ------1 - - - Revere - - - - - 1 - 1 - - 1 -

TOTAL 1 3 2 1 3 4 5 6 3 3 2 1 APPENDlX B

Background Materials After the comunity had revised and added to its master list prior to the start of the Study, there were 3,359 households included. During the course of the Study, this number was reduced to 3,240 by eliminating 95 duplications, 11 households removed by death, 33 non-Jewish, and 55 which had removed from Greater Lynn or were only summer residents. Of the remainder, all but 119 were able to be surveyed and included in the Study. Of the 119, 83 could not be reached, eight refused because of illness, and 28 were non- cooperative. The households for whom information could not be derived were distributed throughout Greater Lynn as follows:

West Lynn East Lynn SWampscott Marblehead Saugus Nahant Lynnf ield

In order to estimate the total number of individuals comprising these households, the average size per household for each of these areas was used to multiply against the number of households missed. The total, when added, amounted to 380. However, since the bias among those households not answering was assumed to be damward, the figures were reduced by an arbitrary ten per cent. The estimated additional number of Jews not surveyed was, therefore, as follows:

Area -Total MPL> Female EAST LYNN W%ST LYNN SAUGUS NABANT LYhNFIEIS MARBLEHEAD SWAMPSCOTT GREATER LYNN

Households as defined in this Study included all related members (whether by blood or marriage) living together. While those who were employed in jobs which took them outside of Greater Lynn were included as residents, students who were in full dormitory attendance in colleges and those in military service stationed outside of Greater Lynn were not. The exclusion of these, while consistent with the definitions used in the last United States Census, has some effect in reducing the proportions in the Lynn Jewish popula- tion in the 15 to 24 year age groups.

Non-response in general was found to be negligible to almost all questions. !L!he one serious area which was found during the course of the Study was that for age. At a point when it was determrined that the refusal rate to this question might run as high as eight per cent, steps were taken to reduce this by examination of voting records. This proved successful in sharply lowering the rate of no response to this question. There are minor discrepancies in totals among various of the tables due to problems incurred in the preparation of the data for IBM tabulation and in the processing of these data. Where such discrepancies appeared to merit it, recourse was had to the original schedules and the corrections naade. Bowever, the expense and time required to have made all of these corrections was considered too great for the minor variations which were left. In all cases these variations were considered too dlto effect any conclusions which could be derived from the Study data. JENISH CaMMupJITY FEDERATION OF GKEATER LYNN. INC. 45 Market Street, Lynn, Mass.

JEWISH POPULATION STUDY

1. TBIS FOLDER HAS BEEN PBPARED TO HELP YOU WITH YOUR IlTLERVmS.' PLEASE KEAD THE MATERIAL CARETULIP - ANI) TBEN ASK FOR EXPIANAT1011 OF ANY POINT WHICH IS NOT CLEM3 TO YOU.'

2. Write Legiblx. Use pencils given to you. Do not use ink or indelible pencils. Erasures are permissable.

3. Public Relations

The success of this study depends on the good will of our Jewish families. We must therefore be very carehl not to offend anyone. Keep tne following in mind:

1. Use no coercion or pressure to gain cooperation. Politely express regrets if refused and ask person to think it over. Indicate we will call again.

2. If there is resistance, to any question, do not press for answer; if normal explanation does not work, pass on to next question.

SPECIAL NOTE: To gain confidence in the study, mention the names of the coopera- tiw. organizations (~istedon Exhibit B). 4. Accuracy of Recordis

The scientifLc value of the material obtained depends on the complete honesty and accuracy of the recording on the worksheet. Do not interpret what is said, write down exactly what is told. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS - WORKSHEET

This is a HOUSEHOLD questionnaire. Therefore, each questionnaire is to cover EVERY individual permanently residing in that household, whether or not his last name is the same as the head of the faaily. However, list only JEWISH MEMBERS of the household. (Include grandparents, grand- children, adopted children, etc. ). Secure replies to every pertinent question.

If the answer is "Don't k-"- write this in, If answer is "None" - write this in.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR EACH QUESTION

NAME EACH MTNBER OF HOUSEHOLD - List names starting with: head of family Unless otherwise specified, last name of head of family should be the same last name for all individuals enumerated. Order of listing should be: father, mother, all children beginning with the oldest and ending with the youngest, and then all other members of the household. RELATION TO HEAD - Fill in relationship of each member of family to head of family, namely, wife, son, daughter, father-in-law, etc. -SEX - Fill in "M" for male and "F" for female. DATE OF BIRTEI - Fill in year and month for each person. &SJ . . . .-"Could you give me the birth dates for each member of the family?" IF RESISTANCE -Explain information needed in order to give us important date about the size of different age groups in each section of the community. This will help our congree- tions and agencies to plan their programs better.

IF REFUSED - Try to get ages on children under 13 and adults over 65 - don't press for other age information. MARITAL STATUS - Fill in "s" for single, "M" for married, "W" for widm or widower, "D" for divorced and "SE" for separated. EMPLOYMENT STATUS - If employed - list town i.e., Boston, Chelsea, Salem, L3mn. If unemployed - use code as guide at right of worksheet. Be sure to ask for employment status of adults in family in addition to husband. Fxplain - This information will help us to find out what percentage of our Jewish population is economically part of our Greater community. G. VETERANS STATUS - Check (J)any member of household who is a veteran of any war. have all others blsnk. H. & JEWISH EDUCATION - "ARE YOUR CBLtDREN ENROUXD IN A JEMISH SCHOOL?" Can I. you tell me which? If enrolled - use code (at right of worksheet) to specify type of school for each child. If not enrolled - "WHAT FUTURE PLANS DO YOU HAVE FOR THEIR mISH EDUCATION?" use code (at right of worksheet) to list future plans. REASON FOR INFORMATION - We hope to find out what our Jewish schools will face in enrollment during the next 2-5 years so they can plan more effectively for classrooms, teachers, etc. Also, we can discover the names of families with school age children not yet enrolled w& might be encouraged to send their children for a Jewish education. J. RELIGIOUS IDENTIFICATIONS - "AHE YOU A MEMBEROF A ~ISH CONGREGATION?'^ Is it Orthodox - Reformed - Conservative? If member, check by denmina- tion only. If not a member, ask '-T DO YOU CONSDER YoURSEIJ??" Orthodox -Reformed - Conservative? Check (J) by preference expressed. REASON FOR INFORMATION - The more Jews who are members of religious institutions, the stronger will be our Jewish community. If we can discover the non-members and tbeir identification (Orthodox - Reformed - conservative) we can make it possible for our Congregptions to approach them about affiliation. K. RESIDENCX - Date only for most recent move. List name of town moved from i.e., Boston, Chelsea, Lynn, etc. (check yes or no on home ownership) L. NEW RESIDENTS - List names and addresses (NAMESALONE HAVE NOVALUB).. M. CaElMENTS - (Optional use by interviewer) If any special problems came up which are worth noting - or if any unusual attitudes are evident - you may wish to m&e a comment here. SUGGESTED INTEKVIEW STATEMENT

-Good I4orning (afternoon - evening) ., , , . this is Mrs. ------calling for our Jewish population study in Greater Lynn, i id you have a chance to read the letter fram the Federation telling you about the population study? If they read letter - "Do you have about 5 minutes naw to answer a few simple quest ions.

If no resistance, begin the questionnaire. If you note some reluctance - suggest you ask if they have any questions and try to reassure them. If letter not read - explain the purpose of the study as simply as possible. The following is a statement which you may use as a guide.

"Because so many Jews have been moving in and out of the 6 different sections of Greater Slynn during the past 5-10 years, we do not have any real facts about the niiber living in each section. This has made it hard for our Congregations, Temples, Jewish schools, the Jewish Center, the Home for the Aged and other important Jewish organizations to make plans for the future intelligently.

So, all of these organizations are working together through this study to get this important information. We want to know sech simple facts as, where people live, the size of families, ages, congregations and schools attended, etc.

The facts we gather wiLl be used only to help our organizations to plan Jewish programs and will not be used for any other purpose.

We are, therefore, asking you and every other Jewish family in Lynn,

Swampscott, Marblehead, Lynnfield, Nahant and Saugus to help us by answering a small number af simple questions. We hope you will cooperate so we can make things better for all of us Jews in this community." \_.-. MARBLEHEAD

ps:~~pscor~Jewid~ SAUGUS commMnit,

~ ,_ NAHI~NI OF GREATER LYNN, Inc. 45 MARKET STREET, LYNN, MASS. . Telephone Lynn 5-5648

- - -- \ J - SERVING LYNN, LYNNFIELD, MARBLEHEAD, NAHANT, SAUGUS AND SWAMPSCOTT

OFFICERS

HONORARY PRESIDENT Eli A. Cohen October 31, 1955

PRESIDENT Harold 0. Zimman Dear Friend: VICE - PRESIDENTS Dr. Harold I. Cohen On June 16, 1955, our Jewish Community Federation voted to conduct a Jewish Dr. David Klickstein population census in the Greater Lynn area. This census has been organized with the Willy Nordwind Dr. Harry W. Parker co-operation of all our4Congregations, Jewish Schools, the Jewish Social Service Ted Poland Agency, the Jewish Community Center and the Jewish Home for the Aged. The Charles Shulman reason for gathering this information is to make it possible for us as Jews to do a better HONORARY TREASURER job of planning our Jewish schools and religious programs, youth activities and social Morris Gass services - in this way helping us to build a better Jewish community. TREASURER Samuel P. Backman We are now ready for the major phase of the interviews which will cover more than

ASSISTANT TREASURER 3000 Jewish households in Lynn, Lynnfield, Marblehead, Nahant, Saugus and Swamp Hyman Addis scott. Your household is included in this phase of the census. A volunteer interviewer, 7 F .CIA1 SECRETARY specially trained for this project, will telephone you sometime during the week of Sydney Sugarman November 7th, and will ask you a number of simple factual questions. The inter-

RECORDING SECRETARY viewers will be happy to provide you any 'information you desire about this survey. David Fermon The auspices under which this study is being conducted should be ample assur- ance of its authenticity and reliability. All information will be restricted in use to our EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Albert M. Stein ccloperating agencies and institutions for the planning of Jewish-sponsored programs. Rest assured that this information will not be made available for commercial purposes.

POPULATION STUDY We are confident that you will wish to ccloperate with the interviewer and thus CO-OPERATING ORGANIZATIONS help to insure progressive and well planned programs for our entire Jewish community. Congregation Ahabat Sholom Congregation Ahavas Shalem Most sincerely yours, Congregation Anshe Sfard Congregation Chevra Tillum Temple Beth El HamU O. Zinzman David L. Wim Temple Emanu-El HAROLD 0.ZIMMAN, President Am.DAVID L. WINER, Chairman Temple Israel Jewish Community Federation Federation Social Planning Committee Temple Sinai Jewish Community Center - Jewish Home for the Aged Ezra I? Saul Jewish Social Service Agency DR. EZRA V. SAUL, Chairman Lynn Hebrew School Technical Committee

-' Peretz Yiddish School Population Study

ANNUAL CAMPAIGN WR U.J.A., LOCAL, NATIONAL AND OTHER OVERSEAS NEEDS STUDY WORKSHEET JEWISH COMMUNITY FEDERATION OF GREATER LYNN, INC. POPULATION STUDY - 1955

Schedule No ...... Name & Address: Interviewer(s) : Date Tlme Interviewer(8) : Date Tlme Editor(~):

1st...... 3rd ...... 1st...... \ Section # ...... 2nd...... 4th...... 2nd...... Phone No. (A) (B) (C) (Dl (El (F) (GI First Name of Each Household Member. Relation to Sex Date of Marital Employment Status Veterans Jewish Education CODES Last Name Only if Different From Top Head Birth Status (if born prior to 1941) Status (for children born after 1942) Box. (Circle name of informant). If employed give town check(p) othenvise--use code (HI (1) already enrolled Plans for those (use code) not enrolled (use code) (Last ) (First) (Year) (Month)

Code for F

pppp-- -- U-Unemployed R-Retlred H-Housewife S-Student M-Military Service

No Plans Not sure of type ...... NT Temple Emanu-El Sunday...... E Temple Emanu-El Sunday 1 day Hebrew ...... E-1 Temple Beth El ...... C3 Temple Israel ...... C-3 Temple Sinai ...... C-3 Cong. Ahabat Sholom ...... C-4 L- Lynn Hebrew School ...... H-5 Peretz School ...... YH All Day ...... AD Private P

-- - (J) (K) (L) (M) Religious Identification of Household What year Moved to Do you know of any Jewish families which have recent!y Comments- If any special problems or attitudes developed in (Check one or more boxes) Present Address? ...... moved in near you? If so, please give name and address. interview, please note: If congregational member, speclfy: Town Moved Orthodox ...... Conservative ...... Reform ...... From? ......

If unamliated, specify preference: Own Present Residence Yes ...... No ......

Orthodox ...... Conservative ...... Reform ...... VOLUNTEER INTERVIEWERS

Mrs. Elliot Adelman Mrs. Lena Greenberg Harvey Rooks Mrs. Ralph Alpert Mrs. Monte Greenstein Mrs. Isadore Rooks Mrs. Nathan Ansin Mrs. Milton Helsel Mrs. Hyman Rose Mrs. Abraham Backman Mrs. Melvin Hershenson Mrs. Harry Rosen Mrs. Maurice Baker Mrs. Louis Hotz Mrs. Martin Rosenstein Mrs. Mark Baltimore Mrs. Irving Kalikow Mrs. Abraham Rothman Saul Bass Mrs. Myer Kaplan Mrs. Julius Rozeff Mrs. Samuel Benjamin Mrs. Julius Katz Mrs. Jack Rubin Mrs. Bernard Berk Mrs. Max Kimmel Mrs. Manuel Samuel Irving Block Mrs. Morris Kimmel Mrs. Jack Saunders Mrs. Meyer Block Mrs. David Klickstein Mrs. Jacob Saval Bernard 0. Bloom Mrs. Louis Kobrin Mrs. Max Sax Mrs. Ida Bloomberg Mrs. Hennan Kogan Mrs. Irving School Mrs. Gertrude Boyarsky Mrs. Bennett Kolner Mrs. Aaron Schulte Mrs. Carl Bornstein Mrs. Leo Koplow Mrs. Max Schwartz Mrs. George Brass Sherman Kostick Mrs. Sam Schwartz Mrs. Abraham Brody Mrs. Gerald Kramer Mrs. Irving Selsky Mrs. Albert Brown Mrs. Max Kramer Mrs. Jacob Shactman Mrs. Simon Butman Max Kremen Mrs. Michael Shapiro Mrs. David Chaletsky Mrs. David S. Kunian Mrs. Albert Sherman Mrs. Nathan Challant Mrs. Nathan Lager Mrs. William Sherman Alfred Cogan - Mrs. Louis Letvak Herbert Shriebman Mrs. Max r AI Mrs. Irving Leventhal Mrs. Harold Shuman Wax P3gah- Mrs. Frank Levine Mrs. Paul Silbert Mrs. Louis Cohen Mrs. Jacob Levine Mrs. Kenneth Silverman Mrs. Alex Collier Mrs. Max Levine Mrs. Betty Simons Mrs. Adrian Cornins Mrs. Samuel Levine Mrs. Harry Singer Mrs. Bernard Copans Mrs. Julius Licter Mrs. Bernard Siskind Mrs. Robert Davis Edward Lipman Mrs. Morton Slavin Mrs. Murray Dell Sherman Lippa Myer Slipsky Mrs. Maurice Dinerman Mrs. Abel Lipson Mrs. Samuel Smith Mrs. Isiah Dinner Mrs. Irving Lyons Mrs. Samuel S~iegel Mrs. Benjamin Engleman Mrs. Burton Machinist Mrs. Richard Spitzer Mrs. Morris Epstein Mrs. Arnold Magazine Mrs. Henry Stark Mrs. Joseph Erlich Mrs. Samuel Maize Mrs. Albert H. Stein Mrs. David Feldman Mrs. Maurice Marder Mrs. Arthur M. Sugannan Mrs. Solomon Feldman Mrs. Albert Marlin Mrs. Samuel Sullaway Mrs. Nathan Fierston Irving Mathis Morris Tabb Edward Fleishman Mrs. Henry Medros Mrs. Milton Vinick Mrs. Max Freedman Mrs. Jack Meltzer Mrs. Myer Walters Mrs. Warren French Mrs. William Menkes Mrs. Eric Weil Mrs. Philip Friedman Mrs. Bernard Michelson Mrs. Hyman Weinblatt Harold Frisch Mrs. Morris Miller Dr. Meyer Weiner Mrs. Harold Frisch Mrs. Max Molk Mrs. Meyer Weiner Louis Frisch hlrs. Melvin Musinsky Mrs. David Weinshanker Mrs. Sidney Gale Mrs. Samuel Naseck Mrs. Edward Weinshanker Mrs. Nathan Gass Mrs. Israel Nesson Mrs. Harry Weinstein Mrs. David Goldberg hirs. Abraham Olanof f Mrs. Samuel White Mrs. Harry Goldberg Mrs. Philip Orloff Mrs. Abraham Whi tman Frank Goldman Saul Paster David L. Winer Mrs. Harris Goldman Mrs. Harry Poolner Mrs. Matthew Wolozin Mrs. Benjamin Goodman Mrs. Leon Potash Mrs. Walter Zand .. Harold Goodman Miss Patricia Printz Mrs. Harold 0. Zimman Mrs. Harold Goodman Mrs. Joseph Risman Glrs. Frank Zuckerman Mrs. Bernard Gordon Mrs. Samuel Robinson Mrs. Nathan Green Mrs. Bernard Rodman