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Intellectual Property Analysis of Indecopi’s Functions in Light of the Ruling of its Dispute Settlement Bodies Intellectual Property INDECOPI’S TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY COLLECTION Intellectual Property 1 Copyright © 2013 National Institute for Defense of Competition and Protection of Intellectual Property (Indecopi) Calle de la Prosa 104 – San Borja, Lima, Peru. Telephones: (51-1) 224-7800 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.indecopi.gob.pe AUTHORs : Patricia Gamboa Vilela, Sandy Boza Alzamora, Dante Vilches Livia, Verónica Perea Málaga, Bruno Merchor Valderrama, Martín Moscoso Villacorta, Rubén Trajtman Kizner. PROOFREADING : Helena Karina Díaz Salcedo CARE AND REVIEW OF THE EDITION : Hebert Tassano Velaochaga y Giovana Hurtado Magán TRANslatION : Business Communications Consulting S.A.C. DESING AND PRINTING : Corporación Gráfica Aliaga SAC. Domicilio Legal: José de la Torre Ugarte 570 - Lince Printed in Lima, Peru November 2013 – First Edition Printing: 100 copies Registered with the National Library of Peru – No. 2013- 16523 ISBN: 978-9972-664-44-1 The information contained in this document may be partially reproduced, prior written notice to INDECOPI with credit given to the author and/or source. INDECOPI uses standard masculine language to refer to both men and women in its texts. This use seeks to provide a standardized, easy-to-read, simple document. In no way does this reduce the institution’s commitment to gender equality. Ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are entirely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of INDECOPI. 2 Intellectual Property Board of Directors Hebert Eduardo Tassano Velaochaga President María Elena Juscamaita Arangüena Counselor Juan Manuel Echevarría Arellano Counselor Oswaldo Del Carmen Hundskopf Exebio Counselor Malka Maya Albarracín Counselor Advisory Board Elena Conterno Martinelli Walter Albán Peralta Richard Webb Duarte Catalina Chepa Guzmán Melgar José Ricardo Stok Capella Carlos Ramos Núñez Chief Executive Officer Santiago Dávila Phillipon Director of National School of Indecopi Giovana Hurtado Magán Intellectual Property 3 4 Intellectual Property CONTENTS FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 11 OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER 1: DISTINCTIVE SIGNS ...................................................................................................... 17 1.1. Department of Distinctive Signs ............................................................................... 18 1.2. Foundations of Distinctive Signs ............................................................................... 21 1.2.1. Distinctive Signs and its place in Intellectual Property ............................... 21 1.2.2. Guidelines for the establishment of a specific concept of distinctive signs 23 1.2.3. Principles of Distinctive Signs ....................................................................... 26 a. Principle of Territoriality ........................................................................ 26 b. Principle of Registration and Recordation ............................................ 27 c. Principle of Specialty ............................................................................. 27 1.2.4. Importance of Distinctive Signs in the Market ............................................ 28 1.2.5. Types of Distinctive Signs .............................................................................. 29 a. Products and Services Trademarks ........................................................ 30 b. Certification Marks ................................................................................ 31 c. Collective Marks .................................................................................... 31 d. Commercial Names ................................................................................ 32 e. Slogan ..................................................................................................... 32 f. Appellations of Origin ............................................................................ 32 1.3. Laws on Distinctive Signs.......................................................................................... 33 1.3.1. Law Applicable to Distinctive Sings in Peru ................................................. 33 Intellectual Property 5 1.3.2. Community Laws ............................................................................................ 33 1.3.3. International Legal Framework ..................................................................... 34 1.3.4. Domestic Legislation ...................................................................................... 35 1.3.5. Administrative Procedures concerning Distinctive Signs ............................ 36 1.4. Case-law concerning Distinctive Signs .................................................................... 41 1.4.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 41 1.4.2. Summary of Case-law .................................................................................... 42 a. The supplementary nature of the slogan. ................................................. 42 b. The examination of non-distinctive elements when comparing conflicting marks.. ...................................................................................... 42 c. The family of trademarks alleged by applicant as a defense argument in an opposition to an application for registration of a trademark. ......... 43 d. Assessing the history of registered trademarks when examining notoriety .. 44 e. The lack of distinctiveness as an assumption that does not result in the denial of registration of a slogan......................................................... 45 f. Adequacy of means of evidence to prove the use of slogan (Part 1). ...... 45 g. Opposition based on a registered trademark in a Country Member of the Andean Community against an application for registration of an slogan. ... 46 h. Undue use of the symbol ® with a sign that has elements registered as marks.. .................................................................................................... 47 i. Adequacy of means of evidence to prove the use of slogan (Part 2). ...... 48 j. The examination of pieces of evidence submitted in a language other than Spanish.. ................................................................................... 48 1.5. Collective Marks ........................................................................................................ 49 1.5.1. Definition, Advantages, and Requirements of Collective Marks ................. 49 1.5.2. The Work of the Department of Distinctive Signs ........................................ 51 1.5.3. Indecopi – AGRO RURAL – UNIDO Alliance .............................................. 52 1.5.4. Activities Performed by Indecopi – AGRO RURAL – UNIDO Alliance ....... 53 1.5.5. First Results .................................................................................................... 61 6 Intellectual Property 1.6. Appellations of Origin in Peru ................................................................................... 62 1.6.1. Conceptual Delimitation ................................................................................ 63 1.6.2. Legal Framework – Overview ........................................................................ 64 a. Definition and elements ............................................................................ 65 b. Procedure.................................................................................................... 68 c. Owner and Protection System ................................................................... 71 d. Control Board ............................................................................................. 73 e. Legislative amendments resulting from bilateral treaties signed by Peru .... 75 1.6.3. Peruvian Registered Appellations of Origin ..................................................... 76 1.6.4. Authorized Control Boards ............................................................................. 101 1.6.5. International Protection of Peruvian Appellations of Origin ....................... 105 1.6.6. Activities ......................................................................................................... 105 1.6.7. Difficulties, challenges, future ....................................................................... 107 CHAPTER 2 INVENTIONS (PATENTS) AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES ........................................... 109 2.1. Department of Inventions and New Technologies ................................................... 110 2.1.1. Organizational Flow Chart ............................................................................ 110 2.1.2. 1992 – 2012 Evolution of Laws ...................................................................... 112 2.2. Protection of Traditional Knowledge in Peru ............................................................ 115 2.2.1. Legal Aspects .................................................................................................. 116 2.2.2. Activities Performed ......................................................................................
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