DOCSLIB.ORG

Geologic and Hydrogeologic Framework of Regional Aquifers in the Twin Mountains, Paluxy, and Woodbine Formations Near the SSC Site, North-Central Texas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Geologic and Hydrogeologic Framework of Regional Aquifers in the Twin Mountains, Paluxy, and Woodbine Formations Near the SSC Site, North-Central Texas Geologic and Hydrogeologic Framework of Regional Aquifers in the Twin Mountains, Paluxy, and Woodbine Formations near the SSC Site, North-Central Texas Topical Report by Alan R. Dutton, Robert E. Mace, H. Seay Nance, and Martina Bli.im Prepared for Texas N ational Research Laboratory Commission under Contracts No. IAC(92-93)-0301 and No. IAC 94-0108 Bu reau of Economic Geology Noel Tyler, Director The University of Texas at Austin University Station, Box X Austin, Texas 78713-7508 April 1996 QAe7128 Geologic and Hydrogeologic Framework of Regional Aquifers in the Twin Mountains, Paluxy, and Woodbine Formations near the SSC Site, North-Central Texas .I I, Topical Report I I I I by i i Alan R Dutton, Robert E. Mace, H. Seay Nance, and Martina Blum : ! __ J ' ' I ' Prepared for Texas National Research Laboratory Commission under Contracts No. IAC(92-93)-0301 and No. IAC 94-0108 Bureau of Economic Geology Noel Tyler, Director The University of Texas at Austin University Station, Box X Austin, Texas 78713-7508 April 1996 '' ' : I I - } r1 CONTENTS ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 2 REGIONAL HYDROGEOLOGIC SETTING ................................................................ 7 Hydrologic Units .................................................................................................. 7 North-Central Texas Regional Aquifer System ............................................ 7 Regional Confining System............................................................................... 9 Surficial Aquifers ............................................................................................... 10 Regional Structure............................................................................................. 11 · Physiography, Climate, and Land Use ........................................................... 16 PREVIOUS GEOLOGIC STUDIES ............................................................................... 17 Trinity Group...................................................................................................... 19 Paluxy Formation .............................................................................................. 20 Woodbine Formation ....................................................................................... 22 PREVIOUS HYDROGEOLOGIC STUDIES ................................................................ 23 METHODS AND DATA ............................................................................................... 24 Stratigraphic Data............................................................................................... 24 Hydrologic Data ............ :..................................................................................... 26 Numerical Modeling of Ground-Water Flow ............................................. 29 Cross-Sectional Model .......................................................................... 32 Three-Dimensional Model .................................................................. 39 • l_ Model Size and Finite-Difference Grid ............... :···· .. ···········39 Boundary Conditions ................................................................ 39 Hydraulic Properties and Calibration ....................................44 Estimates of Pumping Rates:·························· .. ······ ................. 49 ,---. iii \ ,i I STRATIGRAPHY .......................................................................................................... .58 Stratigraphic Occurrences of Sandstone........................................................ 58 Description of Aquifer Units and Depositional Systems .......................... 59 Twin Mountains Formation ............................................................... 62 Paluxy Formation .................................................................................. 65 Woodbine Formation ........................................................................... 67 Summary of Aquifer Stratigraphic Framework.......................................... 69 HYDROGEOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 70 Ground-Water Production ......................................, ....................................... 70 Hydraulic Head................................................................................................... 71 Hydrologic Properties........................................................................................ 78 Recharge ............................................................................................................... 88 Discharge..................................................................................... ......................... 88 Flow Velocity ....................................................................................................... 89 Summary of Aquifer Hydrologic Framework ................ '. ............................ 90 SIMULATION OF GROUND-WATER FLOW ....................................................... 91 Cross-Sectional Model ...................................................................................... 91 Calibration ............................................................................................... 92 Results ...................................................................................................... 93 Regional Three-Dimensional Model .......................................................... 100 Steady-State Flow System................................................................... 100 11 I I Historical Flow System ........................... ;........................................... 109 Comparison of hydrographs .................................................. 110 Comparison of potentiometric surfaces.............................. 114 Prediction of Future Ground-Water Levels................................... 117 iv Regional Water Budget ...................................................................... 118 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 127 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................ 128 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 129 FIGURES 1. Location of study area in North-Central Texas ............................................. 3 2. Schematic relationship between stratigraphic units .. :................................. 8 3. Major structural•· features and paleogeographic elements......................... 12 4. Elevation of the top of the Twin Mountains Formation.......................... 13 5. Elevation of the top of the Paluxy Formation .......................... :.................. 14 6. Elevation of the top of the Woodbine Formation...................................... 15 7. Histogram of water-level measurements from 1901 through 1992 ....................................................................................................... 27 8. Relation between specific capacity and transmissivity .............................. 31 9. Geologic cross section showing hydrostratigraphic units used for numerical profile model .................................................................. 34 10. Finite-difference grid used for numerical cross-sectional model.................................................................................................................... 35 11. Active blocks used to represent the Twin Mountains Formation ............................................................................................................ 40 ., 12. Active blocks used to represent the Paluxy Formation ............................. 41 13. Active blocks used to represent the Woodbine Formation...................... 42 V ! I 14. Location of selected water wells for comparison between recorded and simulated water levels ............................................................. 48 15. Model of high-destructive delta system........................................................ 60 16. Early Cretaceous (Coahuilan) paleogeology and paleogeography................................................................................................... 61 17. Net sandstone map of the Twin Mountains sandstones .......................... 63 18. Net sandstone map of the Paluxy Formation .............................................. 66 19. Net sandstone map of the Woodbine Formation ...................................... 68 20. Estimated historical and projected future ground-water.. production ........................................................................................................... 72 21. Water-level declines in Twin Mountains, Paluxy, and Woodbine Formations ..................................................................................... 74 22. Estimated potentiometric surfaces for the Twin Mountains Formation in 1900 and 1990 ....................................................... 75 23. Estimated potentiometric surfaces for the Paluxy Formation in 1900 and 1990............................................................................. 76 24. Estimated potentiometric surfaces for the Woodbine Formation in 1900 and 1990
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Depositional Systems in the Paluxy Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Northeast Texas- Oil,Gas, and Groundwater Resources by Charles A
    Geological Circular 77-8 Depositional Systems in the Paluxy Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Northeast Texas- Oil,Gas, and Groundwater Resources BY Charles A. Caughey BUREAU OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN AUSTIN, TEXAS 78712 W.L. FISHER, DIRECTOR 1977 Second Printing, 1985 GEOLOGICAL CIRCULAR 77-8 Depositional Systems in thePaluxy Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Northeast Texas- Oil,Gas, and Groundwater Resources BY Charles A. Caughey BUREAU OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN AUSTIN, TEXAS 78712 W.L. FISHER, DIRECTOR 1977 SecondPrinting, 1985 Contents Abstract 1 Dispersal patterns 28 Introduction 1 Structural influence 28 Structural framework 3 Resources 28 Stratigraphicrelationships 4 Groundwater 29 Sedimentary facies 5 Outcrop 29 Depositions!systems 8 Subsurface 29 Fluvial system 8 South area 30 Channel-fill and floodbasin facies 9 Meanderbelt facies 11 Central area 31 Fluvial model 12 North area 34 Delta system 13 Conclusions 35 Coastal barrier facies 14 Oil and gas 35 Proximal subfacies 14 Minor producingareas 38 Distal subfacies 16 South Bosque field 38 Lagoon facies 17 Updip trend 38 Deltamodel 19 Major producingareas 41 Classification 19 Fault zone trend 41 Holocene analog 19 Downdipproduction 42 Strandplain system 22 Proximal trend 42 Strandplain facies 22 Distal trend 43 Strandplainmodel 26 Summary 45 Sediment dispersal 27 References 47 Source areas 27 Appendix .. 50 Figures 1. Location map 2 6. Depositional systemsand facies,Paluxy 2. Major structural features of northeast Formationand equivalent lithostrati- Texas 3 graphic units,northeast Texas 7 3. Distribution of Paluxy Formation and 7. Representativeelectric logpatternand related stratigraphic units,surface and shale content of channel sequencesin the subsurface,northeast Texas 4 channel-fill and floodbasin facies,Paluxy fluvial system 9 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The Petroleum Potential of H Serpentine Plugs" and Associated Rocks, Central and South Texas
    BAYLOR FALL 1986 ulletin No. 44 The Petroleum Potential of H Serpentine Plugs" and Associated Rocks, Central and South Texas TRUITT F. MATTHEWS Baylor Geological Studies EDITORIAL STAFF Jean M. Spencer Jenness, M.S., Ed.ttpr environmental and medical geology CONTENTS Page O. T. Hayward, Ph.D., Advisor. Cartographic Editor Abstract .............................................................. 5 general and urban geology and what have you Introduction. .. 5 Peter M. Allen, Ph.D. Purpose ........................................................... 5 urban and environmental geology, hydrology Location .......................................................... 6 Methods .......................................................... 6 Harold H. Beaver, Ph.D. Previous works. .. 7 stratigraphy, petroleum geology Acknowledgments .................................................. 11 Regional setting of "serpentine plugs" ..................................... 11 Rena Bonem, Ph.D. Descriptive geology of "serpentine plugs" .................................. 12 paleontology, paleoecology Northern subprovince ............................................... 13 Middle subprovince ................................................. 15 William Brown, M.S. Southern subprovince ............................................... 18 structural tectonics Origin and history of "serpentine plugs" ................................... 26 Robert C. Grayson, Ph.D. Production histories of "serpentine plugs" ................................. 30 stratigraphy, conodont biostratigraphy
    [Show full text]
  • Glenrose.Pdf
    LÉXICO ESTRATIGRÁFICO DE MÉXICO Glen Rose, Formación...........................................................Cretácico Temprano (Albiano) Referencia(s): Hill, R.T., 1891, The Comanche series of the Texas-Arkansas region: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 2, 503-528. Barnes, V.E., 1967, Geologic atlas of Texas, Sherman Sheet; Walter Scott Adkins memorial edition: University of Texas-Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000. Historia nomenclatural de la unidad: Hill (1891 en GEOLEX, 2007) utilizó el nombre de capas Glen Rose para diferenciar la parte superior del Grupo Trinity al referirse a las rocas que están expuestas a lo largo del Río Paluxy en las cercanías del poblado Glen Rose, en el Condado de Somerwell, Texas, Estados Unidos. Posteriormente, Freeman (1964 en GEOLEX, 2007) sustituye el término de capas por el de caliza Glen rose para una secuencia que aflora a lo largo del Río Grande en los Condados de Terrel y Brewster, Texas. Finalmente, Barnes (1967 en GEOLEX, 2007) es quien le da el rango de formación a dicha unidad. Localidad tipo: Se encuentra ubicada a lo largo del Río Paluxy en las inmediaciones del poblado de Glen Rose en el condado de Somerwell Texas, Estados Unidos (Hill, 1891). Descripción litológica: Esta formación consiste en gran parte de estratos de caliza, caliza arenosa, argilacea, alternando con estratos delgados de arcilla arenosa, arenisca y marga, los cuáles muestran diferente espesor, hacia la cima de dicha unidad la caliza es ligeramente más arenosa, también contiene material
    [Show full text]
  • Early Cretaceous (Albian) Decapods from the Glen Rose and Walnut Formations of Texas, USA
    Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum, no. 42 (2016), p. 1–22, 11 fi gs., 3 tables. © 2016, Mizunami Fossil Museum Early Cretaceous (Albian) decapods from the Glen Rose and Walnut formations of Texas, USA Carrie E. Schweitzer*, Rodney M. Feldmann**, William L. Rader***, and Ovidiu Fran㶥escu**** *Department of Geology, Kent State University at Stark, 6000 Frank Ave. NW, North Canton, OH 44720 USA <[email protected]> **Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242 USA ***8210 Bent Tree Road, #219, Austin, TX 78759 USA ****Division of Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Bradford, Bradford, PA 16701 USA Abstract Early Cretaceous (Albian) decapod crustaceans from the Glen Rose Limestone and the Walnut Formation include the new taxa Palaeodromites xestos new species, Rosadromites texensis new genus, new species, Karyosia apicava new genus new species, Aetocarcinus new genus, Aetocarcinus muricatus new species, and the new combinations Aetocarcinus roddai (Bishop, 1983), Necrocarcinus pawpawensis (Rathbun, 1935) and Necrocarcinus hodgesi (Bishop, 1983). These two formations have yielded a much less diverse decapod fauna than the nearly coeval and proximally deposited Pawpaw Formation. Paleoenvironment is suggested as a controlling factor in the decapod diversity of these units. Key words: Brachyura, Nephropidae, Dromiacea, Raninoida, Etyioidea, North America Introduction deposited in the shallow waters of a broad carbonate platform. Deposition occurred on the southeastern flank of Late Early Cretaceous decapod faunas from the Gulf the Llano Uplift and, on the seaward margin to the Coastal Plain of North America have been well reported northwest, behind the Stuart City Reef Trend. Coral and and described since the early part of the twentieth century rudist reefs, algal beds, extensive ripple marks, evaporites, (Rathbun, 1935; Stenzel, 1945).
    [Show full text]
  • SPRING 1963 Bulletin 4 BURR A. SILVER
    SPRING 1963 Bulletin 4 The Bluehonnet Lake Waco Formation {Upper Central Lagoonal Deposit BURR A. SILVER thinking is more important than elaborate equipment-" Frank Carney, Ph.D. Professor of Geology Baylor University 1929-1934 Objectives of Geological at Baylor The of a geologist in a university covers but a few years; his education continues throughout his active life. The purposes of training geologists at Baylor University are to provide a sound basis of un­ derstanding and to foster a truly geological point of view, both of which are essential for continued professional growth. The staff considers geology to be unique among sciences since it is primarily a field science. All geologic research including that done in laboratories must be firmly supported by field observations. The student is encouraged to develop an inquiring objective attitude and to examine critically all geological concepts and principles. The development of a mature and professional attitude toward geology and geological research is a principal concern of the department. PRESS WACO, TEXAS BAYLOR GEOLOGICAL STUDIES BULLETIN NO. 4 The Member, Lake Waco Formation {Upper Central Texas - - A Lagoonal Deposit BURR A. SILVER BAYLOR UNIVERSITY Department of Geology Waco, Texas Spring, 1963 Baylor Geological Studies EDITORIAL STAFF F. Brown, Jr., Ph.D., Editor stratigraphy, paleontology O. T. Hayward, Ph.D., Adviser stratigraphy-sedimentation, structure, geophysics-petroleum, groundwater R. M. A., Business Manager archeology, geomorphology, vertebrate paleontology James W. Dixon, Jr., Ph.D. stratigraphy, paleontology, structure Walter T. Huang, Ph.D. mineralogy, petrology, metallic minerals Jean M. Spencer, B.S., Associate Editor Bulletin No. 4 The Baylor Geological Studies Bulletin is published Spring and Fall, by the Department of Geology at Baylor University.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Depositional Environment of the Eagle Ford
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2012 Evaluation of the depositional environment of the Eagle Ford Formation using well log, seismic, and core data in the Hawkville Trough, LaSalle and McMullen counties, south Texas Zachary Paul Hendershott Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Hendershott, Zachary Paul, "Evaluation of the depositional environment of the Eagle Ford Formation using well log, seismic, and core data in the Hawkville Trough, LaSalle and McMullen counties, south Texas" (2012). LSU Master's Theses. 863. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/863 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EVALUATION OF THE DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE EAGLE FORD FORMATION USING WELL LOG, SEISMIC, AND CORE DATA IN THE HAWKVILLE TROUGH, LASALLE AND MCMULLEN COUNTIES, SOUTH TEXAS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Master of Science in The Department of Geology and Geophysics by Zachary Paul Hendershott B.S., University of the South – Sewanee, 2009 December 2012 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my committee chair and advisor, Dr. Jeffrey Nunn, for his constant guidance and support during my academic career at LSU.
    [Show full text]
  • Mollusks from the Pepper Shale Member of the Woodbine Formation Mclennan County, Texas
    Mollusks From the Pepper Shale Member of the Woodbine Formation McLennan County, Texas GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 243-E Mollusks From the Pepper Shale Member of the Woodbine Formation McLennan County, Texas By LLOYD WILLIAM STEPHENSON SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY, 1952, PAGES 57-68 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 243-E Descriptions and illustrations of new species offossils of Cenomanian age UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1953 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 25 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Abstract________________________________________________________________ 57 Historical sketch__-___-_-__--__--_l________________-__-_-__---__--_-______ 57 Type section of the Pepper shale member.____________________________________ 58 Section of Pepper shale at Haunted Hill._______________-____-__-___---_------- 58 Systematic descriptions._______.._______________-_-__-_-_-____---__-_-_-_----_ 59 Pelecypoda_ ________________________________________________________ 59 Gastropoda.______-____-_-_____________--_____-___--__-___--__-______ 64 Cephalopoda-_______-_______________________-___--__---_---_-__-— 65 References......___________________________________________________________ 65 Index.__________________________________________________ 67 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 13. Molluscan fossils, mainly from the Pepper shale__________
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Lower Austin Chalk Secondary Porosity Using Modern
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 8-2018 Mapping Lower Austin Chalk Secondary Porosity Using Modern 3-D Seismic and Well Log Methods in Zavala County, Texas David Kilcoyne University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Geology Commons, and the Geophysics and Seismology Commons Recommended Citation Kilcoyne, David, "Mapping Lower Austin Chalk Secondary Porosity Using Modern 3-D Seismic and Well Log Methods in Zavala County, Texas" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2835. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2835 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Mapping Lower Austin Chalk Secondary Porosity Using Modern 3-D Seismic and Well Log Methods in Zavala County, Texas A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geology by David Joseph Kilcoyne University College Cork Bachelor of Science in Geoscience, 2016 August 2018 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. ____________________________________ Christopher L. Liner, PhD Thesis Director ____________________________________ ___________________________________ Thomas A. McGilvery, PhD Robert Liner, M.S. Committee Member Committee Member Abstract Establishing fracture distribution and porosity trends is key to successful well design in a majority of unconventional plays. The Austin Chalk has historically been referred to as an unpredictable producer due to high fracture concentration and lateral variation in stratigraphy, however recent drilling activity targeting the lower Austin Chalk has been very successful.
    [Show full text]
  • Late Cretaceous and Tertiary Burial History, Central Texas 143
    A Publication of the Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies www.gcags.org L C T B H, C T Peter R. Rose 718 Yaupon Valley Rd., Austin, Texas 78746, U.S.A. ABSTRACT In Central Texas, the Balcones Fault Zone separates the Gulf Coastal Plain from the elevated Central Texas Platform, comprising the Hill Country, Llano Uplift, and Edwards Plateau provinces to the west and north. The youngest geologic for- mations common to both regions are of Albian and Cenomanian age, the thick, widespread Edwards Limestone, and the thin overlying Georgetown, Del Rio, Buda, and Eagle Ford–Boquillas formations. Younger Cretaceous and Tertiary formations that overlie the Edwards and associated formations on and beneath the Gulf Coastal Plain have no known counterparts to the west and north of the Balcones Fault Zone, owing mostly to subaerial erosion following Oligocene and Miocene uplift during Balcones faulting, and secondarily to updip stratigraphic thinning and pinchouts during the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary. This study attempts to reconstruct the burial history of the Central Texas Platform (once entirely covered by carbonates of the thick Edwards Group and thin Buda Limestone), based mostly on indirect geological evidence: (1) Regional geologic maps showing structure, isopachs and lithofacies; (2) Regional stratigraphic analysis of the Edwards Limestone and associated formations demonstrating that the Central Texas Platform was a topographic high surrounded by gentle clinoform slopes into peripheral depositional areas; (3) Analysis and projection
    [Show full text]
  • Aptian–Albian) of Texas and Oklahoma
    Reappraisal of the tribosphenidan mammals from the Trinity Group (Aptian–Albian) of Texas and Oklahoma BRIAN M. DAVIS and RICHARD L. CIFELLI Davis, B.M. and Cifelli, R.L. 2011. Reappraisal of the tribosphenidan mammals from the Trinity Group (Aptian–Albian) of Texas and Oklahoma. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56 (3): 441–462. The Trinity therians have long been the focus of attempts to reconstruct the evolutionary history of higher mammals, es− pecially in the context of the development of tribospheny. In this paper, we update the taxonomy of the tribosphenidan taxa known from the Trinity Group and establish with more confidence the premolar/molar count in each. Many isolated specimens can be referred to a specific tooth locus. Additional diversity is revealed within the Deltatheroida, with the de− scription of an additional species of Oklatheridium; Pappotherium is here considered a likely metatherian based on the in− ferred presence of four molars, while Holoclemensia is a basal eutherian (the opposite of some traditional interpretations). The remainder of the genera, Kermackia and Slaughteria, cannot be allied with either of the living groups of tribo− sphenidan mammals using the available data. We identify strong morphological diversity within this assemblage of stem taxa, including modifications to the traditional tribosphenic occlusal pattern in Kermackia. Mammalian evolution at the base of the tribosphenidan radiation was complex, and this underscores the need for caution when interpreting the mor− phology and relationships of taxa known by incomplete material. Key words: Tribosphenida, Metatheria, Eutheria, Deltatheroida, Trinity Group, Early Cretaceous. Brian M. Davis [[email protected]] and Richard L. Cifelli [[email protected]], Department of Zoology and Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave, Norman, OK, 73072, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Map Showing Geology and Hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards Aquifer Catchment Area, Northern Bexar County, South-Central Texas
    Map Showing Geology and Hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards Aquifer Catchment Area, Northern Bexar County, South-Central Texas By Amy R. Clark1, Charles D. Blome2, and Jason R. Faith3 Pamphlet to accompany Open-File Report 2009-1008 1Palo Alto College, San Antonio, TX 78224 2U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO 80225 3U.S. Geological Survey, Stillwater, OK 74078 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado: 2009 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: Clark, A.R., Blome, C.D., and Faith, J.R, 2009, Map showing the geology and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards aquifer catchment area, northern Bexar County, south- central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1008, 24 p., 1 pl. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. 2 Contents Page Introduction……………………………………………………………………….........……..…..4 Physical Setting…………………………………………………………..………….….….….....7 Stratigraphy……………..…………………………………………………………..….…7 Structural Framework………………...……….……………………….….….…….……9 Description of Map Units……………………………………………………….…………...….10 Summary……………………………………………………………………….…….……….....21 References Cited………………………………………….…………………………...............22 Figures 1.
    [Show full text]
  • An Early Bothremydid from the Arlington Archosaur Site of Texas Brent Adrian1*, Heather F
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN An early bothremydid from the Arlington Archosaur Site of Texas Brent Adrian1*, Heather F. Smith1, Christopher R. Noto2 & Aryeh Grossman1 Four turtle taxa are previously documented from the Cenomanian Arlington Archosaur Site (AAS) of the Lewisville Formation (Woodbine Group) in Texas. Herein, we describe a new side-necked turtle (Pleurodira), Pleurochayah appalachius gen. et sp. nov., which is a basal member of the Bothremydidae. Pleurochayah appalachius gen. et sp. nov. shares synapomorphic characters with other bothremydids, including shared traits with Kurmademydini and Cearachelyini, but has a unique combination of skull and shell traits. The new taxon is signifcant because it is the oldest crown pleurodiran turtle from North America and Laurasia, predating bothremynines Algorachelus peregrinus and Paiutemys tibert from Europe and North America respectively. This discovery also documents the oldest evidence of dispersal of crown Pleurodira from Gondwana to Laurasia. Pleurochayah appalachius gen. et sp. nov. is compared to previously described fossil pleurodires, placed in a modifed phylogenetic analysis of pelomedusoid turtles, and discussed in the context of pleurodiran distribution in the mid-Cretaceous. Its unique combination of characters demonstrates marine adaptation and dispersal capability among basal bothremydids. Pleurodira, colloquially known as “side-necked” turtles, form one of two major clades of turtles known from the Early Cretaceous to present 1,2. Pleurodires are Gondwanan in origin, with the oldest unambiguous crown pleurodire dated to the Barremian in the Early Cretaceous2. Pleurodiran fossils typically come from relatively warm regions, and have a more limited distribution than Cryptodira (hidden-neck turtles)3–6. Living pleurodires are restricted to tropical regions once belonging to Gondwana 7,8.
    [Show full text]