II~ / ­ fiv-'a FM 41-10 r IEPII1IIIIT ••am IIlJ ... CIVIL AFFAIRS OPERATIONS _1EPII1IIIIT •• am 1I'1IIZ FIELDMANUAL HEADQUARTERS. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY NO. 41-10 I WASHINGTON25. D. C.. 14 May 1962 CIVIL AFFAIRS OPERATIONS Parngrnphs Page CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................... ............... 1-9 3 2. CIVIL AFFAIRS FUNCTIONS .......................... 10-14 18 3. ORGANIZATION FOR CIVIL AFFAIRS OP- ERATIONS Section I. General ........................................ .............................. 15-22 39 I1. Organization of Staff Sections and Units .......... 23-34 45 I11. Cellular Teams ....................... ......................... 35. 36 54 IV. Personnel .................................................................. 37-39 56 V. Training .................................................................... 40-53 60 CHAPTER 4. CIVIL AFFAIRS STAFF FUNCTIONS AND PROCEDURES ..................................... .......... 54-62 65 5. THE ARMY IN THE COMMUNITY .................. 63-70 74 6. CIVIL AFFAIRS COLD WAR OPERATIONS Section I. General .................................................................... 71-78 83 I1. Civic Action ........................................................... 79-84 88 I11. Unconventional Warfare (UW) ........................ 85-90 100 CHAPTER7. COMBAT AND POST COMBAT CA OPERA- . TIONS Section I. Employn~entof CA Organization ........................ 91-95 107 I1. Unit Operations ............. 96-101 114 I11. Displaced Persons. Refugees, and Evacuees ...... 102-105 127 IV. Civil Defense and Area Damage Control ............ 106,107 136 V. Special Operations ...................... .........................108-110 141 VI. Other Agency Support of CA Operations ............ 111-119 . 148 CHAPTER8. CONTROL MEASURES Section I. Control and Supervision 120, 121 153 11. Civil Affairs Tribunals . 122-126 158 I11. Published Regulatory Matter .............................. 127-133 161 CHAPTER9. INTELLIGENCE Section I. CA Requirement For Intelligence ...................... 134-139 167 I1. CA Support In Intelligence Activities ................ 140-144 172 111. Operations Of The Intelligence Section ............145-148 174 CHAPTER10. Section I. General ...................................................................... 149-153 178 I1. Requirements .......................................................... 15-1-160 184 I11. Procurement ............................................................ 161-172 187 IV. Distribution .............................................................. 173-175 193 V. Hospitalization and Transportation .................... 176, 177 196 *This manual supersedes FM 41-10, 2 May 1957 and FM 41-15, 26 March 1954. TAGO 614TB- May 1 APPENDIX I. REFERENCES I1. FORM FOR CA UNIT COhIMANDER'S ESTIMATE OF THE SITUATION ........................................................ I11. FORM FOR CA AKNEX TO OPERATION OR ADMIN- ISTRATIVE PLAN OR ORDER ................................... IV. EXAMPLE OF CA ANNEX TO OPERATION ORDER -ARMY ............................................................................. V. FORM FOR CA POLICY CHECKLIST ............................ VI. FORM FOR CA ANNEX TO SOP ...................................... VII. FORM FOR COMBAT CHECKLIST ............................ .... VIII. EXAMPLE OF A CHECKLlST FOR CA INSPECTION IX. FORM FOR CA INTELLIGEXCE COLLECTION PLAN X . FORM FOR INITIAL CA PROCLAMATION FOR USE IN LIBERATED TERRITORY ...................................... XI. FORM OF INITIAL PROCLAMATION FOR USE IN OCCUPIED TERRITORY ................................................ XI1. EXAMPLE OF AN ORDINANCE PERTAINING TO THE CIRCULATION OF CURRENCY IN OCCU­ PIED TERRITORY ..................................................... XI11. EXAMPLE OF AN ORDINANCE PUBLISHED IN OCCUPIED TERRITORY SPECIFYING PENAL­ TIES FOR CRIMES AND OFFENSES ........................ SIV. EXAMPLE OF A NOTICE SPECIFYING HOURS OF CURFEW IN OCCUPIED TERRITORY .................... .. XV. SOLOG AGREEMENT 29 .................................................... XVI. SOLOG AGREEMENT 39 (STANAG 2056) .................... SVII. SOLOG AGREEMENT 40 (STANAG 2057) .................... ST'III. SOLOG AGREEMENT 41 (STANAG 2058) .................... XI9. SOLOG AGREEMENT 42 ......................................... ?........ XX. STANAG XO. 206.5 ................................................................ XXI. PERIODIC CA REPORT ...................................................... XXII. A CA UNIT CHECKLIST ................................. ............... XXIII. EXTRACTS OF TREATY IDRO\'ISIONS FOR PRO­ TECTION OF PROPERTY ........................................... XXIV. TYPE TASK ORGASIZATIOSS ...................................... INDEX................................................................................................................ AGO 6147B CHAPTER 1 1. Purpose and Scope a. This manual is published for use of all personnel concerned with civil affairs (CA) operations. It is intended for use in con- junction with FM 41-5. It is generally applicable to nuclear and nonnuclear, general or limited war, as well as to operations of the Army conducted during situations short of war, the cold war, and peacetime. It contains procedures employed by CA staff sections, units, and teams in furthering national policies of the United States, in fulfilling international obligations, and in pro- viding maximum support for military operations by the planning, conduct, and supervision of civil affairs operations and activities. b. Users are encouraged to submit recommended changes or comments to improve this manual. Comments should be keyed to the specific page, paragraph, and line of the text in which the change is recommended. Reasons should be provided for each comment to insure understanding and complete evaluation. Com­ ments should be forwarded directly to the U.S. Army Civil Affairs School, Fort Gordon, Ga. 2. Definitions In this manual terms will be used as defined below- a. Civil Affairs. Those phases of the activities of a commander which embrace the relationship between the military forces and the civil authorities and people in a friendly (including US home territory) or occupied area where military forces are present. In an occupied country or area this may include the exercise of executive, legislative, and judicial authority by the occupying power. b. Civil Affairs Operations. Those activities which directly support a commander's political-military mission. Any project or activity of a military unit involving points of contact with or designed to influence or control civilians and civil organizations outside the military establishment can be classified as a civil affairs operation regardless of the location of the activity or the size of the participating military unit. The legal aspects of CA operations may be governed by a provision of United States law, including the law of a state, territory possession or other political subdivision of the United States; a bilateral or multilateral agree- ment, including an agreement concluded without the formalities AGO 6147U 3 required of treaties, a rule of law established by custom, or a provision of the law of a foreign state made relevant by a provision of United States law, the terms of an international agreement, or rule of international law. The scope of military authority or control in a civil affairs operation may extend from measures of liaison and coordination with appropriate local civil- ian agencies to the furnishing of assistance and support to local officials and populations or even to the assumption of responsi- bility for the exercise of some or all of the functions of govern- ment in the locality in question. The degree of authority or control necessary to assure the success of civil affairs operations will at all times be consistent with law and the factual posture of the civil affairs relation. c. Civil Defense. All those activities and measures designed or undertaken to­ (1) Minimize the effects upon the civilian population caused or which would be caused by an enemy attack, (2) Deal with the immediate emergency conditions which would be created by any such attack and, (3) Effectuate emergency repairs to, or the emergency resto- ration of, vital utilities and facilities destroyed or dam- aged by any such attack. d. Civil Emergency. Emergencies affecting public welfare as a result of enemy attack, insurrection, civil disturbance, earth- quake, fire, flood, or other public disasters or equivalent emergen- cies which endanger life and property or disrupt the usual process of government. e. Civil Affairs Agreement. Defines the relationship between a visiting force, on one hand, and the indigenous population and governmental authority of the host country, on the other hand, including the degree of control and the extent to which support is to be rendered or derived therefrom. f. Status of Forces. A term used to describe the legal position of a visiting military force deployed in the territory of a friendly state. Agreements delineating the status of visiting military forces may be bilateral or multilateral. Provisions of agreements de- fining the status of visiting forces may be grouped into a separate agreement or they may form a part of a more complex civil affairs agreement. These provisions describe how the authorities of a visiting force may control members of that force and the amena- bility of the force or its members to the local law or to the authority of local officials in such matters as civil