Tulpomania Haarlem

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Wilh St oofs ni te t t eg Ko a Barr a evoetestraa r t Tulpomania s Anegan r t armoesstraa e e raat g W V t e s g n aat a Hout L ne Haarlem rne at r Spaa Boterm rote Drap arkt G Spaa at eniers mingstr a a G traa Vl edempte O t From Doelstraat, take the second street on the right, Lange Raamstraat. You are uchthuisstra T rstraat e nvest Gi re now in the district known as ‘De Vijfhoek’, the Pentagon t Br ude Schaghelsstr a ees a tra r at G In the ‘De Vijfhoek’ quarter, all street names are reminders of the flourishing textile rach t industry of the Golden Age. As you stand in the middle of the crossing, you can see that Kleine Houtstraat Lange He nnastraaKortt e A Gie ote Houtstraat ge Raamst e r five streets converge here, hence the name of this quarter: ‘Vijfhoek’ or pentagon. straar- G

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straat ein r ot Heiligland At the crossroads in Lange Raamstraat turn into Drapenierstraat on your left l e o and follow this street until you reach Gedempte Voldersgracht. Turn right here and Gi Gr erksp K carry on to the end of the street. You will find Jopenkerk on your left. we t u e Jopenkerk is a grand café and restaurant situated in the former Jacobskerk. Built in i Ker at N kst traa raat s Korte Houtst ut tstra 1910 as a liberal Protestant church, it is situated on the corner of the Hortusplein Raamvest o raat square. The square got its name from the fact that there used to be a hortus or garden te H Ra o amsing ine Hou here. Since 2010, beer has been brewed at Jopenkerk itself. The name Jopen comes Gr el Kle t mperves from the 112-litre barrels in which the beer used to be transported from Haarlem via Ka Gasthuisvest Schalkwijkerstraat the river Spaarne. Kampersingel

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Next to the Jopenkerk is where the Zijlpoort gate used to stand. Just like the Kleine Houtpoort, this was a favourite spot for tulip traders and wealthy citizens to enjoy blossoming tulips in their own small gardens. During the 17th century, market gardens and small bulb fields were also abundant in this part of Haarlem. g we in t e l u Map p o Colophon ut

e H From here you can walk to the bus stop at the Wilhelminastraat and catch the Ho n Production and editing: Haarlem Marketing. Photos: Frans Hals Museum and

number 50 Arriva bus to the Keukenhof where you can visit the Tulpomania exhibi- Klei Noord-Hollands Archief. Graphic design: Frederiek van Waes. Tourist Information Haar-

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Eu Fonteinlaan ro pawe Haarlemmerhout g The Golden Age was a period of great prosperity. In Haarlem, wealthy With your back to the VVV Haarlem tourist information office, walk straight on, genre pieces but also for being the only female member of the Haarlem painters’ guild. Carry on through Gasthuisvest and take the first side street on the right. You are citizens and merchants benefited from the favourable economic crossing Grote Markt square. Veer slightly to the right and turn into the narrow little She became a member of the guild at age 24 in the year 1633. The style of her genre now in Groot Heiligland. As you walk on, you will come to the Frans Hals Museum. climate and trade increased. At the end of the 16th century, the tulip street just before Grote of St Bavokerk (St Bavo’s Church), Lepelstraat. pieces and portraits showed similarities to the work of Frans Hals. Which, for a long The Frans Hals Museum at Groot Heiligland number 62 has a long history. The ‘Oude had arrived in the Netherlands from Turkey, the flower very quickly Lepelstraat is a tiny street next to the Vleeshal which means Meat Hall, named after time, led to many of her pieces being incorrectly attributed to Frans Hals. Mannenhuys’ or old men’s home was built in 1608. It was a home for old men aged became hugely popular. The subsequent tulipmania between 1634 and the Lepel family who used to own a house here. During the Middle Ages, Groentemarkt 60 and over who came here to retire. Small cottages were built around the courtyard 1637, which affected Haarlem in particular, went down in history as the (vegetable market) square adjoined this street. During the 17th century, images of tulips were incredibly popular. Tulips were painted where the men lived two by two. first major economic crisis. to show what colours they had. Consequently, tulip portraits were of great importance. They were created in a different way to still-life paintings of flowers. The idea was to At the Frans Hals Museum, you can visit the special flower exhibition. For this As a result of increasing prosperity and a new interest in the tulip, this flower became a Cross Oude Groenmarkt, continue through Warmoesstraat which brings you to depict the tulip as accurately as possible. Many painters of that time, including Judith exhibition, the rooms and halls of the museum have been decorated with fresh flower symbol of status and wealth. Before long, the demand far exceeded the supply. The soil Anegang. Turn left here and walk to the end. Leyster, painted tulips. In 1643, a number of these paintings were compiled in Judith arrangements and flowers in special vases and pots. Some of the vases were made by around Haarlem turned out to be very suitable for the cultivation of bulbous plants and The building you are currently facing, occupied by Chocolaterie Pierre, was the home of Leyster’s Tulip Book. This book is now exhibited at the Frans Hals Museum. students of the Rietveld Academy, especially for this exhibition. Also take a good look so wealthy citizens bought ornamental gardens on the southern outskirts of the city. painter Salomon van Ruysdael in the 17th century. at Judith Leyster’s Tulip Book, at the Vroeghe Brabançon, an important tulip that was And so the tulip bulb became a popular object of trade and speculation. Van Ruysdael, born around 1600 and died in 1670, lived in Haarlem almost his whole Turn right at the end of Helmbrekersteeg, then take the fourth turn on the right affected by the tulip breaking virus. You will also find the paintings ‘Flora’s Wagon of life but travelled the Netherlands to paint cityscapes in various cities. He became (alongside the canal), into Kampervest. As you continue walking (up to Kleine Hout- Fools’ by Hendrik Pot and ‘Satire of Tulpomania’ by Jan Breughel worth your On February 5th 1637, one Semper Augustus tulip bulb was sold for 6,000 guilders famous for his landscapes and a number of his paintings can be admired at the Frans straat), you will see a bridge here on your left. This is where the Kleine Houtpoort while. Both paintings show how the tulip speculation was ridiculed. at auction. This was the highest price ever paid for a tulip back then the equivalent Hals Museum. gate once stood. amount of a canalside house on the Herengracht in Amsterdam. These unprecedented Kampersingel still forms a boundary between the city centre and the rest of Haarlem. After leaving the Frans Hals Museum, turn left, then take the first side street on high prices caused the bubble to burst and brought the economy on the verge of Now turn right into Kleine Houtstraat. This is where the Kleine Houtpoort gate used to be in the 17th century. A lot of people the left, Nieuw Heiligland. Turn right, then immediately left into Cornelissteeg. At collapse. Due to this financial meltdown, but also partly because of the out-break of the Van Ruysdael was by no means the only well-known painter in this part of Haarlem. The would go through the gate to visit the tulip fields owned by wealthy citizens. Growers the end of this alley, turn left into Grote Houtstraat, crossing this street, as it were, plague, the flower speculation came to an abrupt end. famous painter Frans Hals used to live in the Kleine Houtstraat. Records show that he Pieter Bol, Barend Cardoes and Dirk Voorhelm were among the people that owned land into Doelstraat. definitely lived here in 1642, though it is not exactly clear in which house. Frans Hals here. Many famous florists lived in Grote Houtstraat. The majority of those involved in the This walk of about an hour takes you past monuments from that period to the Frans was the son of Flemish immigrants who moved to Haarlem around 1586. In 1610, he tulip trade in the 17th century were merchants and rich craftsmen, but there were also Hals Museum and Jopenkerk brewery. became a member of the Guild of St Luke and took on apprentices. Frans Hals is mostly Cardoes became particularly famous because he, along with a few others, signed the a few traders who held important positions. One of them was Cornelis Guldewagen, the known for his vibrant group portraits of the civic guard and the many portraits he agreement that signalled the end of the flower speculation. owner of the Vergulde Hart brewery and future mayor of Haarlem. He owed his name to De Tulip Garden painted of his contemporaries. the family home he owned in Grote Houtstraat, De Vergulde Wagen. Hidden between the Jansstraat and the Smedestraat, you can find the Wijngaard- Rozenprieel just outside the city gate was very popular. This is where traders planted tuin. With a wonderful view of the St. Bavo Cathedral, it is a truly unique spot in Take the second side street on the left, which brings you to Helmbrekersteeg. their tulip bulbs and met other traders to exchange information. As a brewer, Guldewagen was a very influential man in the city, but he, too, suffered the centre of Haarlem. In the fall of 2018, hundreds of tulip bulbs were planted. Another painter who could often be seen in a side alley off the Kleine Houtstraat was From the second half of the 18th century, professional florists and bulb growers settled heavy financial losses during tulip mania. In February 1637, just before the prices col- The most beautiful varieties of tulips bloom here in the spring. Certainly worth a Judith Leyster. The house at Helmbrekersteeg was where she used to paint in her atelier. here. These days, Van Eeden, Tubergen and Krelage are still well-known names. Floricul- lapsed, he transported 1,300 tulip bulbs from Wassenaar to Haarlem. In one fell swoop, visit! Leyster gained particular fame because of her success as a female painter with her ture around the city thrived and continues to be of great importance today. they became worthless.