Energy in Bulgaria
MADE BY: GEORGI VALCHEV General information
Bulgaria is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres and a population of 7 million people. History of energy development
• 1899 - First thermal power plant in the city of Pernik – 180 MW – coal and natural gas • 1900 – First Hydropower plant in Panchevo - 1600 kW • 1939 – Overall thermal and hydropower generation – total 111 MW • 1944 – 117 local small power plants – total 130 MW • 1949 – Thermal plant “Sofia” – 130 MW – natural gas • 1982 – 234 Electrical power plants in total – 9 499 MW (140 Thermal – 5 844 MW, 84 Hydro – 1 895 MW, 1 nuclear – 1700 MW Coal and nuclear fuel
Coal mining: lignite (93.6%), brown coal (6.3%), black coal (0.1%).
Average annual lignite coal mining – 34.5 million tons.
Biggest coal mining company – “Maritza East” (95.7% share). Uranium mining:1944 – 48 operated uranium mines, 13 000 employees. Annual production – 645 tons (55% of the fuel needs of Kozlodui Nuclear Power Plant – 3600 MW peak) 1992 – all uranium mining terrains are shut down, due to environmental reasons. Natural gas and oil
Natural gas: mainly imported from Russia – 2.8 million m3. Underground gas supply – “Chiren” – 450 million m3 capacity. Processing companies – “Melrose Resource Sarl”, “Research and Supply of Petrol and Gas AD”. Distribution companies – “Bulgargas”, “Bulgartransgas”, “Overgas” and others. Oil: natural resource - 20 000 tons annually. Main importer from Russia and processor of oil – “Lucoil Neftohim Burgas” – 4.5 million tons annually.
Thermoelectric power
Thermal Power Plants: 6888 MW : ü “Maritza East 1”: 670 MW ü “Maritza East 2”: 1630 MW ü “Maritza East 3”: 908 MW ü “Maritza 3”: 120MW ü “Ruse East”: 400 MW ü “Varna”: 1260 MW Thermal power plants in Bulgaria provide almost 50% of the total power capacity. Nuclear power Nuclear (1 in Kozlodui): 2000 MW -“Kozlodui”, block V: 1000 MW -“Kozlodui, block VI: 1000 MW -Blocks I and II – decommissioned in 2004 -Blocks III and IV – decommissioned in 2006 “Kozlodui” Blocks V and VI provide around 32% of the country’s power demand. Hydroelectric power
30 Hydro-electric power plants: 2713 MW in turbine regime and 937 MW in pump regime (total 3161 MW) -Hydroelectric Power Plants bellow 10 MW: 192 MW -Hydroelectric Power Plants above 10 MW: 243 MW Providing around 10% of the power demand in the country. Wind power
Wind power production capacity – 691 MW (3.23% of total power demand). Biggest wind farms: Kavarna – 110 turbines – 322,5 MW Vetrocom – 29 turbines – 72.5 MW Mogilishte – 13 turbines – 20.6 MW Shabla – 22 turbines – 13.7 MW Overall landmass with higher than 6.5 m/s wind speed is 1400 km2 – 1.26% of total land. Solar power Total solar power capacity – 100 MW Biggest solar farm: “Karadzhalovo Solar Park” – 60.4 MW Small solar plantations between 1 and 10 MW. Future projects: Bulgarian company “4B Solar” – 180 MW plant near town of Devnya 16.2 MW plant in Zdravetz.
Consumption
The average annual consumption of electrical energy in Bulgaria is 38 TWh. The absolute maximum consumed load is 6897 MW and the absolute minimum consumed load is 2768 MW. The electric consumption of one Bulgarian citizen on average is 5088 kWh. The average annual heating consumption is 14.6 TWh. The total power capacity of Bulgaria is 12 840 MW. Thank you for your attention! References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Bulgaria http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/cou ntries-a-f/bulgaria.aspx https://www.overgas.bg/web/english/natural-gas-price https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kozloduy_Nuclear_Power_Plant http://see-industry.com/img/industrial/071010014518SEEIM_2010_2_sm all.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity_in_Bulgaria https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_Bulgaria http://www.rea-ruse.com/images/upload/2010-03-12-23-32 -09-document_file-%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD %D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0% B2_%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F.pd f https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_Bulgaria https://balkangreenenergynews.com/local-company-developing-180- mw-solar-power-plant-project-in-bulgaria/