No. 152 Spring 2012 €4.00 Stg£3.00

Ÿ Ruairidh MacThòmais RIP Ÿ 12,000 Demonstrate in Kemper for the Future of Languages and Reunification of Breizh Ÿ Arzourien eus Breizh e Bro Skos Ÿ Brittany – June General Election Prospects Ÿ Nuclear Threat in the Bro Gymraeg Ÿ The Fiscal Treaty – Indefinite Austerity. Vote NO! Ÿ Growth in Declaration of Cornish Nationality Ÿ Public Protests over Education Cuts in Mann Ÿ Celtic League - The Way Forward

ALBA: AN COMANN CEILTEACH BREIZH: AR C’HEVRE KELTIEK CYMRU: YR UNDEB CELTAIDD ÉIRE: AN CONRADH CEILTEACH KERNOW: AN KESUNYANS KELTEK MANNIN: YN COMMEEYS CELTIAGH It is widely recognised that in order to “save Gaelic”, outreach campaigns must enthuse the general Scottish population with a passion for “our language”. In my opinion, the trouble is that it is often impossible to recognise the Alba qualities in a language until it is gone. While a language is commonly spoken its virtues are often taken for granted, and while a language is dying its virtues are often lost in the flurry of nationalistic flag waving. Therefore loud A’ Choille Ghruamach proclamations of the need to protect Gaelic can often only enthuse those who are already (Oran do dh’ America) impressed by a language, whilst leaving the target audience completely unimpressed. A more effective argument is an appeal to Gaelic Original English Translation the literature of a language, but there the problem is that the literature of Modern 1. Gu bheil mi ‘m ònrachd ‘s a’ choille ghruamaich, 1. That I am alone in the gloomy wood languages like Gaelic often cannot Mo smaointinn luaineach, cha tog mi fonn: My thoughts restless, I can’t raise a tune compete with the massive corpus of Fhuair mi ‘n t-àite so ‘n aghaidh nàdair I find this place against nature Modern literature in English, Spanish or Gu ‘n thréig gach tàlanta ‘bha nam cheann: So that each talent that was mine has abandoned me Mandarin. However, even amongst this Cha dean mi òran a chur air dòigh ann, I can’t make a song that is structured smaller corpus there are many gems, ‘N uair ‘ni mi tòiseachadh bidh mi trom: When I try to start I am heavy of spirit some of which really highlight the Chaill mi ‘Ghàidhlig seach mar-a b’ àbhaist dhomh I’ve lost [the] Gaelic I was accustomed to unique nature of the living Gaelic ‘N uair a bha mi ‘s an duthaich thall When I was in the country ‘cross [the water] language. One such, “A’ Choille Ghruamach” 2. Cha ‘n fhaigh mi m’ inntinn leam ann an òrdadh, 2. I can’t bring my mind to order (The Gloomy Wood), also called “Oran Ged bha mi eòlach air deanamh rann; Although I know about composing verse do dh’ America’ (A Song to America) is ‘S e ‘mheudaich bròn dhomh ‘s a lùghdaich sòlas My sadness is stronger with the lessening of light presented below. This poem is perhaps Gun duine còmhl’ rium a ni rium cainnt. Without anyone with me that will make for me a song one of the most famous in all of Gaelic Gach latha ‘s oidhche ‘s gach car a ni mi Each day and night and each job I do literature, and was written by a colonist Gu ‘m bi mi cuimhneachadh anns gach àm I’ll be remembering each time in in Nova Scotia in the nineteenth century. An tìr a dh’ fhàg mi tha ‘n taic an t-sàile, Th[at] land that I left [by] support of the sea For our purposes it is especially Ged tha mi ‘n dràst ann am bràighe ghleann. Although I am now in the heart of a glen interesting because it was written by somebody who had left behind Scotland, 3. Cha ‘n ioghnadh dhomhsa ged ‘tha mi brònach, 3. It’s no surprise to me, although I am sad and Gaelic, and therefore is ideally ‘S ann tha mo chòmhnuidh air cùl nam beann, Here is my dwelling behind the mountain situated to explain the relative merits of Am meadhon fàsaich air Abhainn Bhàrnaidh [In] the middle of the wilderness on Barney’s River [Station] Gaelic and Scotland, compared to Gu ‘n dad a’s feàrr na buntàta lom. Without anything better than a single potato. Canada and his life there. Since it was Mu ‘n dean mi àiteach ‘s mu ‘n tog mi bàrr ann As I cultivate the land and as I raise my roof above published in 1881 it is also entirely ‘S a’ choille ghàbhaidh ‘chur ás a bonn It’s a dangerous forest that is spreading below public domain in the UK (and most Le neart mo ghàirdein, gu ‘m bi mi sàraichte I am fatigued by the strength of my arms other countries), making it a treasure Is treis air fàilinn mu ‘m fàs a’ chlann. And my strength [may] fail before I raise [my] children trove for modern researchers or for writers of derivative works, since it can 4. ‘Si so an dùthaich ‘s a bheil an cruadal 4. This is the country that is the hardiest be edited and re-published without any Gun fhios do ‘n t-sluagh a tha tigh ‘nn a nall, Without the people who are coming here knowing. permission needed. Gur h-olc a fhuaras oirnn luchd a bhuairidh Ill [the words] that were received by those who heard them I have also given a rough translation to A rinn le ‘n tuairisgeul ar toirt ann. That gave up the earnings they made. assist those without either perfect 19th Ma ni iad buannachd cha mhair i buan dhaibh, If they [the sellers] make a profit it won’t last long for them century Gaelic or a few hours to spend Cha dean i suas iad ‘s cha ‘n ioghnadh leam, It will not improve them, no surprise to me with Dwelly (and the quirks of the ‘S gach mallachd truaghain a bhios ‘g an ruagadh Each poor cursed one of them that chase[d out people] author, e.g. mu=ro[imh]). Irish readers Bho ‘n chaidh am fuadach a chur fo ‘n ceann. Back when the Clearances were first began might be very interested to note that unlike in the most recent Scottish Gaelic, which only uses one accent 5. Bidh gealladh làidir ‘ga thoirt an tràth sin, 5. A strong promise it is that he gave that time (stràc/fada), this poem actually uses Bidh cliù an àite ‘g a chur am meud ; The place is incredible, ?given its qualities? both grave and acute accents and Bidh iad a gràitinn gu bheil ‘ur càirdean They are happy to be your friend therefore represents an earlier step in the Gu sona saibhir gun dad a dh’ éis : Happily rich without wanting anything. evolution of the language. Finally, in Gach naigheachd mheallta ‘g a toirt gu ‘r n-ionnsaidh-se Each beguiling rumour that he gave for your instruction part 2, next issue, Canadian readers will Feuch an sanntaich sibh dol nan déigh ; Trying your greed to go and follow them no doubt note the native borrowings Ma thig sibh sàbhailt ‘n uair ‘chi sibh iadsan If you arrive safely, then you will see them (e.g. moccasins), and of course the fun Cha ‘n fheàrr na stàtachan na sibh féin. In no better state than you yourself colloquialism ‘dollair ghorma’ (blue dollars). Words in square brackets [ ] are 6. ‘N uair théid na dròbhairean ‘sin ‘gur n-iarraidh, 6. When those drovers ask you not indicated in the original text. Finally, ‘S ann leis na briagan a ni iad feum, Those are the lies that they will make use of as tempting as it would be to coin a new Gun fhacal firinn a bhi ‘g a innse Without a true word that will tell you (or old) phrase, grizzly bears are not ‘S an cridhe ‘dìteadh na their am beul: A condemned soul it is [to whom] the[ir] mouth will suggest native to Novia Scotia, and therefore the Ri cur am fiachaibh gu bheil ‘s an tìr so To pay the [great] price that is on this land. phrase ‘na mathain bhéisteil’ probably Gach ni a’s prìseile tha fo ‘n ghréin: Each thing that is precious [to you] under the sun just refers to an especially grumpy group ‘N uair thig sibh innte gur beag a chi sibh When you will come [here] you will see little of them of black bears. Ach coille dhìreach ‘toirt dhibh an speur. Except forest alone, taking away [view of] the sky Lee Ramsay Lee Ramsay

2 Carn Ruaraidh MacThòmais RIP

Not in 1981. He has published seven collections of Gaelic poetry in all, with many English My Name translations, including Meall Garbh/The Rugged Mountain (1995) and Smeur an Dochais. One of the best things at 2011’s Edinburgh He was at the helm of Gairm magazine Festival was Kevin Williamson’s show “Not (and the publishing house of the same in My Name” about Robert Burns. But I’m name) for over fifty years. Sadly, since he not actually sure whether I was more amazed retired from Gairm, nothing else seems to to see a piece of Scottish culture so have replaced it, as a long-term all-Gàidhlig prominently advertised at the Festival, or the magazine or newspaper. Both Gath and An fact that the National Library of Scotland Ruaraidh MacThòmais Gàidheal Ùr attempted to fill the gap, but was hosting the event. Most Scottish culture both have since folded. He also wrote, or Ruaraidh MacThòmais (Derek Thomson) at the Festival consists of the Military was involved in, numerous works which died at the age of ninety on the 21st March. Tattoo, performances of Macbeth and introduced Scottish Gaelic culture to the Equally at home as a poet, a professor, a busking bagpipers. Enough said. wider Scottish public including Why Gaelic publisher and an editor, MacThòmais Matters. revolutionised Scottish Gaelic studies and In the 1970s, he was Chairman of the literature. He was the author of numerous SNP’s Gaelic Committee. He was a proud books including An Introduction to Gaelic Leòdhasach, a supporter of independence Poetry, Gaelic Poetry in the Eighteenth and a seminal figure in the Scottish Gaelic Century: A Bilingual Anthology and Renaissance. He has left a great legacy, and European Poetry in Gaelic. His collected one we can all rightly be proud of. Cuirear poems Creachadh na Clàrsaich clach air ur càrn. (Plundering of the Harp/Clarsach) shared On a happier note, his fellow poet the Scottish Book of the Year Award in Aonghas MacNeacail (Aonghas Dubh) 1983. from Uig, Skye recently celebrated his In 1984, he won the Oliver Brown award seventieth birthday. An entire issue of for his service to Gàidhlig. He edited The North Words magazine was dedicated to Companion to Gaelic Scotland. His him. Meall ur naidheachd, Aonghais! English-Gaelic dictionary was published in Duke Damaged

The massive statue of the Duke of Sutherland, which stands above Goillspidh, As Pushkin is to Russia, and Goethe to has long been a subject of controversy. The Germany, so Burns is to Scotland. He is Duke was one of the most notorious figures widely loved, and dare I say, a wee bittie of the Highland Clearances, and so the statue overexposed. He is secular saint and literary is considered highly offensive by many hero, Casanova and cliché. But forget the people. While he evicted his tenants from staid conservative (and unionist?) guff that their homes, raised their rent, replaced them gets recited at many a Burns Supper... “Not with sheep, and so on, he built himself a in My Name” reclaims Burns as a radical, castle and gardens which were modelled on and republican, and makes him fresh and the palace at Versailles. relevant once more. Williamson’s renditions Recently, a few stones have been moved, or of Burns’ more controversial poetry were removed from the plinth of the statue. These lively, fluent, rousing, and often funny. This actions have gained a fair bit of press was enhanced by well-considered coverage, but no culprits have been found. (I multimedia, which matched parts of the think if I had a penny for every person who performance to images of various claimed to have made an attempt to destroy contemporary events and people. this statue, I would be a wealthy man!) I I hope Kevin considers taking “Not in My myself have mixed feelings about the action. Name” on the road. Not only to other parts of If it succeeded in making the statue Scotland, but to other Celtic countries and genuinely unsafe, then it could have resulted beyond. There is another Burns that needs to in the squashing of several well-meaning not. A few people in Goillspidh want the be heard. I’m not sure how most Americans activists. We also now have official means of statue to be left up there. God knows why. would react to it though. Some passing removing the statue through the Scottish We don’t need it as a memorial to the tourists seemed puzzled that the man off Government, if anyone is actually bold Clearances. The ruined villages around the Scottish tea towels could write such enough to do so. If the countries of Eastern Highlands are memorial enough. We could, subversive filth. Why shouldna puir folk Europe could remove Stalin etc from their on the other hand, seriously do with a proper mow, mow, mow? streets, why can’t we do likewise? Would it land reform act in this country. Ray Bell actually lose the SNP the election? I think R.B

Carn 3 MacPherson’s The Bugaled Breizh Rant Truth Sacrificed for Reasons of State

MacPherson’s Rant takes its cue from On January 14th 2004, just off the Lizard another quarter. Somewhat like Mamma Mia, Peninsula in Kernow, the Breton trawler We Will Rock You and Moulin Rouge, this Bugaled Breizh (Child of Brittany) from musical recycles a number of old songs, and LokTudi, sank in 90 seconds killing all five strings a story between them. However, in fishermen aboard. Immediately the fishermen this case, it tends to work, and the songs are thought that the net had hooked the propeller some of Scotland’s best loved folk tunes, of a submarine, but 8 years on and the cause including the MacPherson’s Rant of the of the sinking remains a mystery and the title... songs which have survived the questions that need to be addressed are still centuries better than those of Queen or Abba being avoided by the French state. Such inconsistencies have led to many ever will. I’m very familiar with the original The skipper of the trawler, Yves Gloaguen questions being asked by the people of story as it took place a few miles from where (Youn) had time to call his colleague Serj Loktudy and Gwilvinec. I used to live. Basically, it concerns James Cossec from Eridan who was fishing in the Robert Bouguéon, the former president of MacPherson a gypsy, who fights for love, is same zone a few miles away. The call lasted the fishing community where the fishermen falsely accused, and has some run-ins with for only 90 seconds before the boat sank, originated from, said that he is more the local landowner, and the British state. It’s which is too short a time for the ship to sink determined than ever to find out what an old story, but a good one. The naturally. happened, saying: “We are not going to let MacPherson of the story was also a legendary The inquiry into the sinking has now lasted them down like that and time will not run fiddler, who played below the gallows he was for 9 years and during that time the French against us.” just about to be hanged on. state has played with a range of different As it happens, as time passes since the theories as to why the trawler sank, including disaster people are less afraid to speak out. blaming a Philippine cargo ship, the Seattle Two years ago, I met a member of the Trader, of colliding with the trawler and even military personnel, working at the maritime blaming the crew of the Bugaled Breizh for headquarters, who said that a quarter of an snagging the sea bed with the net. Soon after hour after the Bugaled Breizh sank, the the people of Bigoudenie - the fishing French authorities ordered the deletion of all community where the Bugaled Breizh was messages relating to the Bugaled Breizh. Last based in the southwest Breizh - learned that year, G. Lemetayer, the son of the mechanic NATO was engaged in maneuvering on the Bugaled Breizh, went to England with activities in the area of the sinking on the day Yann Queffelec, as part of his own that the Bugaled Breizh sank. investigation. While in England Lemetayer Since the sinking of the Bugaled Breizh the met a colleague of the commander of HMS Celtic League has been drawing attention to Turbulent who said that he had admitted the possibility that a submarine could have responsibility for the sinking of the trawler. sunk the trawler. The Bugaled Breizh is not Meanwhile Michèle Alliot-Marie attempts to While I enjoyed the show, I had two major the first trawler from the Celtic nations to blatantly cover up for both the French and issues with it. Firstly, the actors did not sound sink in strange and mysterious circumstances British Navy, preferring to accuse the Seattle as if they came from the north east, and east like this, which has resulted in speculation Highlands, where the story is set. This seems about how the boat might have sunk. The to be a common problem, and I had the same possibility that a submarine may have sunk issue with a production of Sunset Song. Most the Bugaled Breizh has become something of Scottish theatre doesn’t seem to really an ‘open secret’. Rumours have grown with appreciate the importance of regional the apparent cover up of the British and accents. Admittedly, if you come from the French states appearing to be complicit in north east, you notice this much more than a their seeming desire to disrupt the legal southerner. Not everyone in Scotland sounds inquiry into the sinking, by giving false as if they come from round about Edinburgh testimonies, intimidating witnesses, or Glasgow. Secondly, one of the characters providing distorted expert reports and the is a young girl who is mentally disabled. refusal of the French Minister of Defence, While the actress herself gave a decent Minister Michèle Alliot-Marie, to disclose documents to the lawyers of the families of performance, I felt that the role should be The Bugaled Breizh wreck after being the drowned fishermen. rewritten as it is wide open to criticism as it lifted to the surface by a salvage vessel. stands. The lengthy case is continuing amid an The story is somewhat melodramatic, but it atmosphere of distrust, but the Breton Trader for a collision that people believe did is family friendly (hanging aside!), and the families are more determined than ever to see not occur. audience loved it. Because of its reliance on justice done. Recently the legal inquiry has It may be left up to the European Court of folk tunes, it will also appeal to people who suggested the involvement of the HMS Human Rights to get to the bottom of what don’t particularly like Broadway/West End Turbulent submarine - a British nuclear really happened. The solicitors working for style musicals (I count myself amongst submarine - in the incident, but the French the families of the drowned fishermen had them). There is a delicious nationalist state seem determined to play British their offices burgled, confirming their belief undercurrent in the whole thing too. All in involvement down. Reports from British that what they think is right: that the French all, it’s good light entertainment. authorities claim that there were two state is actively trying to cover up what really http://www.macphersonsrant.com survivors from the sunken trawler, but the happened in 2004. Ray Bell Royal Navy say that no bodies were found. Thierry JIGOUREL

4 Carn bet ur gwir blijadur o tiskouez o labourioù da weladennerien kastell Balgonie. Hemañ ‘zo bet savet er XIVvet kantved gant ur manac’h templour eus Bro Fife. Breizh Evel-just, an arzourien eus Breizh-Alba a gendalc’h da vont war raok. Pep hini gant e zoare da livañ ar bed keltiek, a zo a-du da gendalc’h, dreist-holl e Bro Skos. Setu perak e savan ur galv evit sachañ lec’hioù nevez da ziskouez o livadurioù. Arzourien eus Breizh e Bro Skos Per Delignere. evit gouzout hiroc’h: www.bretagne-ecosse.org Ur gazetenn skosat war ar Genrouedad hag ispisializet en abadennoù sevenadurel e Din- Edin e oa bet skrivet warni e miz Kerzu 2011: “Al livourien gweledvaoù eus Breizh a zo re nebeut da zont betek Bro Skos. Padal kreizenn sevenadurel Bro Frañs e Din-Edin a ziskouez tri war an taol. Ur gwir blijadur evit an daoulagad profet gant hor c’heniterv kelt, Breizh”. Un nebeut dervezhioù goude, ar gevredi- gezh Breizh-Alba he deus resevet ul lizher e- bezh digant ur Skosadez: “Hiriv em eus bet tro da welet an diskouezadeg gant arzourien eus Breizh e kreizenn sevenadurel Bro Frañs hag em eus kavet anezhi brav-kenañ !”. Gwir eo ar vaouez-se, o chom e Din-Edin, a lavare e oa dimezet gant ur Breizhad eus Pempoull. An dourlivadur graet gant Manya, al livadu- rioù Laskal, graet gant eoul hag akrilik, Pêr Deligniere, o tiskouez gweledvaoù Breizh dindan a bep seurt tu ha stumm a oa bet graet evit plijout dezhi ! Hag ouzhpenn-se e oa un Laskal & Per Delignere e kastell Balgonie. tamm droughirnezh gant ar Skosadez-mañ. Ur seurt “riviera” evit Kelted an hanternoz eo Summary Breizh, n’eo ket ‘ta ? The strong links between the President Per Deligniere and Vice-President of Bretagne-Ecosse, Visant Gerin, rener Kreizenn Sevenadurel Rob Gibson, brought about the opportunity for Breton artists to organise exhibitions in special Bro Skos, hag eñ a-orin eus Roazhon, en places in Scotland. deus graet un taol kaer, a-raok Nedeleg, o pediñ an arzourien eus ar gevredigezh Breizh-Alba er savadur Randolph Crescent. Gant e skipailh e oa laouen gant ar vrud graet Brittany – French General Elections d’an diskouezadeg. An arzourien-se, e Breizh-Alba n’int ket June 2012 gant an taol-esa. Nedeleg tremenet e oa evito ar pevare gwezh. Ouzhpenn al livadurioù UDB – The Breton Democratic Union – A moving force for the country. diwar-benn Breizh eo bet savet un nebeut The UDB will field ten candidates in the General Elections in 2012 throughout the taolennoù diwar-benn Bro Skos ivez. five Breton departments (counties). An diskouezadegoù o deus bet tro vont du- mañ du-se a vloaz da vloaz. The French system and its constraints In such a context, it is no easy task for the Da gentañ edo e-barzh ar “Byre Theatre” e Ever since the reform of the French five- UDB, a federalist party striving for Sant Andrew, e miz Gouere 2010. Daou- year-term of office the Presidential Election autonomy and which by definition is present ugent taolenn a oa bet diskouezet eno. Er has taken place a few weeks before the in the five Breton departments, to be seen memes bloavezh e miz Du, an diskouezadeg- General Elections, which strengthens the and heard, all the more so as access to the se a oa bet degemeret e Ti Tudor un ostelleri presidential side of the fifth republic. A king national media is limited. e kreiz-kêr Din-Edin. Ur staliad-win eus ar like president to rule a jacobin (i.e. Given the French system as it is, alliances c’hentañ klas a zo bet savet gant an itron centralised) country. The presidential are essential. Concerning the first round of Virginie Brouard, eus Daoulaz. Ur vaouez a candidates are in the public eye for months the Presidential Election, the UDB has called galon he deus savet ur greizenn evit sikour and the media places more importance on the for votes for Eva Joly (Europe Écologie –The bugale Ethiopie, asambles gant livourien statements made during the week than on the Greens) whose programme clearly integrates Breizh hag all... actual background discussions. The main a large number of their own claims – a Livourien Breizh a zo bet laouen-tre o zis- function of the general elections, which federal republic, the ratification of the kouez o labour en ur gwir gastell. Un dra ret follow close behind the Presidential European charter for regional languages, e Bro Skos evel-just. E miz Ebrel 2011, Elections, is to give the new President the boundary changes allowing the reunification Laskal gant e daolennoù arouezek ha miste- majority in the National Assembly – thus of Brittany as well as giving up nuclear rius ha Pêr Delignere, plijet gant an doare allowing him/her to rule as he/she pleases. power… In the run off the UDB has backed arouezel met diheverz, a glot mat gant ar The phrase “dictatorship of the useful vote” François Hollande, a candidate for a gweledvaoù eus Breizh ha Bro Skos o deus may then be used. grouping of the left. Although his

Carn 5 programme is well short of the proposals of the slogan “in love with Brittany with our well as small pensions and favours welfare. the UDB the fact remains that he turns out to hearts inclined to the left”. The plan revolves A society in which people live and stick be the only left wing candidate in a position around six main axes. together with public services within easy to beat Nicolas Sarkozy, from whom An economy centred on human beings, an reach, access for all to education, health and Brittany can expect nothing since his policy industry and agriculture both rooted in housing facilities. is so deeply impregnated with destructive territories, so as to let people work and live in A strengthened democracy within a and ultra-jacobin liberalism. the region where they belong. parliamentary and federal republic accepting An ecology acting jointly in order to give up cultural and linguistic differences, including Will a Breton federalist become deputy nuclear power and allow a vigorous transition in addition self-governing regions and a (M.P) in June? to create jobs. reunified Brittany. The UDB is a member of R & P S A genuine social and fiscal justice, which A federal and democratic Europe in order to (Solidarity between Regions and Peoples), a redistributes wealth and raises low wages as check the drifting of financial national federation, and has made a global internationalisation. agreement with EELV (Europe Ecology – Ten candidates are nominated by the UDB: 5 The Greens). This agreement enables the women and 5 men. UDB to gain the support of EELV in a All Celts are welcome to give a hand to number of constituencies and, in particular, their Breton cousins who stand in the to contemplate the election of a deputy (MP), election. Cash donations as well as practical a Breton militant, in the PLOERMEL support will be highly appreciated. constituency, where the UDB has in fact UDB:Morgan Perhirin. appealed to Paul Molac by opening up the www.udb-bzh.net political spectrum. He is a local, born and bred in those parts, and the first President of Editor’s Note: Eva Joly received 2.3% in the the new Breton Cultural Council. He has the first round (would go to Hollande in 2nd support of the UDB, EELV as well as the round). PS candidate Hollande came first socialist party, which makes him the with 28.7% against Sarkozy’s 27.1%. challenger of the UMP candidate in that National Front’s Marine Le Pen received historically right – wing constituency. 18.5%, their highest yet causing A UDB plan which aims at making commentators to speculate that the outcome Brittany a laboratory for the better of the run off would be decided by the way The philosophy of that plan is reflected in Paul Molac this vote goes.

the cultural associations, which represent 12,000 Demonstrate in Kemper for the Future of more than 50,000 members in the five our Languages (Breton, Gallo) and for Reunification. departments in Breizh.

This demonstration, planned at the end of last summer, was held during the French The demonstration Presidential elections, other protests were also held throughout the state and in its overseas In Breizh sixty VIPs including artists, territories; this campaign was organised by all parties in favour of the recognition of journalists etc…appealed for support for the minority languages. march -protest. Amongst them were Alan Stivell, PPDA (journalist Patrick Poivre On March 31st 55,000 citizens took part in gathered at Lille demanding the right to d’Arvor), eighty cultural clubs and the a protest- march in order to put pressure on teach Flemish in schools. There were other federation of Breton wrestling (Gouren). the candidates standing in presidential demonstrations in Savoy, in Picardy and About 1,600 other people and groups signed election to declare their intentions regarding Poitou. Occitania represents one third of the the appeal. On the Friday night before the the ratification of the European Charter for French state from Provence to Bearn etc… protest the famous psycholinguist, Gilbert Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML). That’s why they were able to muster some Dagalian, hosted a conference which focused The French state has signed the agreement, 28,000 demonstrators in Tolosa. The on answers to the questions about linguistic however only 39 out of the 98 articles of this demonstration in Kemper was a success with and cultural diversity in favour of: Charter were accepted. The EU only requires regard to organisation and participation “l’hominisation” since the beginning and for States to ratify the charter without thanks to Kevre-Breizh. the next centuries, at least. overseeing the implementation of it. In Saturday started with the installation of a France the political parties in power, both Kevre Breizh Village with a dozen stands from clubs and right and left, refused to fully ratify the As the Cultural Council of Breizh (CCB) publishing houses. We will mention the Charter, they preferred instead a specific law had lost its independence the Breton stand of the Redadeg. It’s a long-race which did not endanger French unity and the movement needed to build a new association (1,500Km) where different relay runners future of their “loved” language. They fear that would have the freedom to organise take over each kilometre. Sponsorship cost that this partial ratification of the European demonstrations without having to get €100 per Km and the funding raised will go Charter will force them to go down the path approval from the Regional Council. Kevre- towards helping a number of bodies. A to full recognition of the minority languages Breizh (Brittany’s League) was born last debate also took place with representatives giving them the same status as French. We year… The coordination of the new body is of the presidential candidates in order to are far from this situation! managed by President T. Louarn (EBLUL.); ascertain their stance on the issue of Demonstrations took place in Occitania, the Vice-President is P. Herve from the linguistic rights. In the afternoon the protest- the Basque country, in Cataluña, in Alzas, in Diwan schools. The composer and singer, G. march started at 3pm with a few bagadoù Corsica with respectively: 28,000 in Tolosa, ArFUR, was in charge of the demonstration bands and dancers leading with the 7,000 in Baiona, 6,000 in Perpinyà, 500 in Kemper. The Webmaster is L. Tavennec protesters following. This demonstration people in Strasburg and a human chain of from Studi & Dudi (Study & Pleasure) etc… was supported by the city hall, which was 300 people at Aiacciu. One hundred people Kevre Breizh gained support from most of only too happy to transform this protest-

6 Carn march into: «Kemper Cultural Capital of 1) Modify the Constitution so that the The others were totally opposed, like Breizh». Several councillors in the city are French Republic would protect and promote Nicolas Sarkozy (UMP) and J.- already engaged in the cultural fight. The the diversity of the languages... L.Melenchon (Left-Front). However, if F. population, including shopkeepers, showed 2) Ratify the European Charter for Minority Hollande, with the help of J.-L. Melenchon, their approval of the event. They appeared to Languages from the Council of Europe. succeeds: What will happen??? be delighted to hear the songs from choirs, 3) Vote for a new framework that allows Otherwise, regarding the reunification of especially «Kanomp Breizh». The other territorial language legal rights Breizh, we cannot expect any help from F. good news was the strong participation of 4) Generalise the teaching of regional Hollande because his close friend, J.-M. the people of Naoned, under the leadership languages, taking into account immersion Ayrault (Mayor of Naoned), and the of «Bretagne-Réunie». They produced more pedagogy, at all levels. socialist President of “Pays-de-Loire” are than 300 posters with symbolic slogans like: 5) Help to set up specialised media: radio, strongly opposed to this political option. «Breton language on my TV in L.A. », TV, WEB, newspapers... The financial crisis or the French state debt «Reunification Now» and «Pays-de-Loire 6) Nominate at state level, a person to take will be an excuse to avoid all or part of our get out of L.A. ». charge of the regional languages in order to demands. One step forward has been taken; The march-protest ended in front of the ensure a link between the different ministers it is now up to us to try to transform this state building (Prefecture), where non- involved and the Regions. achievement ASAP… violent activists from Ai’ta showed the 7) To have a specific budget for the Jakez Derouet crowd about thirty road signs in French minority languages. Gallo is a roman dialect spoken in the taken from all over Breizh, which they had The only candidates in favour of the eastern half of Breizh. dismantled previously. Even if Kevre-Breizh European Charter were: Eva Joly (Green), L.A.: Loire Atlantique…Department had not given their agreement, due to delays, François Bayrou (MoDem), François (county) N°:44…in “Pays-de-Loire”. this display was a success gaining the Hollande (S.P.) and Philippe Poutou (NPA). attention of the media. The day ended with a concert by a famous punk-band, «Menhir’s Sweeps», along with the traditional singer Louise Ebrel. Christian TROADEC Local, Regional and state TV covered a (B.W.R.): M.P.? few demonstrations as well as some interviews that night. However, on Sunday and Monday only the Regional newspapers The French centralised state will be holding carried reports of the protest-march in its Parliamentary elections in June, some five Kemper. Unfortunately the French TV did weeks after the Presidential elections. not take into account the scale of the Consequently, the newly elected President will different demonstrations across the state, have a strong majority in the House of with 55,000 demonstrators this campaign Parliament. This kind of situation is a should had gained more attention. Must we drawback for all the Regional parties, in go to Paris and stop the traffic in order to be Brittany. Christian Troadec, leader of Breizh War really taken seriously? Raok (B.W.R. - M.B.P. in French), started his Christian Troadec public life with the Rock Festival: Erer Kozh, in Karaez. The challenge was already in place: between the two appeared when C. Troadec’s the farmers versus the city and the navy. This newsletter was published, which carried a year the navy will organise, in the port of photo of himself and F. Hollande at the 20th Brest, an important meeting of «old boats». rock festival with the slogan: F. Hollande: The Erer-Kozh Festival, which takes place in President - C. Troadec: M.P. In Brest the the summer, will attract more than 150, 000 jacobin leader of the socialist party in Penn fans in the fields of Kerampuilh. Last year, to Ar Bed (29), took objection to this and was celebrate its 20th anniversary they invited the quick to remind his socialists members that Mayor of Woodstock (USA)!!! The people of R. Ferrand was the only socialist leader in Central Brittany are proud to have a lively Central Brittany!!! On the right wing, former social scene in the summer time. They thrive in M.P. C. Menard, will not be competing in the this open world!!! At the same time as this elections but Dominique Cap, a centre-right special event, C. Troadec launched a local candidate will run for the conservative party newspaper: Le Poher. After he sold this well- of Sarkozi. So the question is, who will be the known paper from Central Brittany to the strongest challenge to him in the second Telegramme he became the boss of round, C. Troadec or R. Ferrand? Korev/Coreff’s brewery, a business he had to C. Troadec and BWR have a strong sell when he was Mayor of Karaez city. political programme for Breizh. R. Ferrand’s He started his own political party: Breizh social policy has been unpopular especially War Raok, which means: Breizh Forward! The when he accepted the state’s decision to close first election result in Breizh5, with 4 million Karaez’s Hospital, whilst C. Troadec and the people, was very good, even if the party did not people of Central Brittany took to the streets Demonstrators march through the reach 5%. BWR is a regionalist Republican and won the right to keep the Hospital open. centre of Kemper. Courtesy YA! Party on the centre left. C. Troadec is backing Troadec is a strong leader ready to fight hard The inter-languages coordination, in which F. Hollande, which brings him into in order to: «work and live in his own land», Kever-Breizh took part, reaffirms their competition with his old enemy, Richard Regarding the farming industry, J.Y. opposition to the French state’s long-term Ferrand, the apparatchik leader of the socialist LeDRIAN (S.P.) is in favour of more propaganda of uniformity and assimilation. party in Central Brittany. As Mayor, C. exchanges and a new orientation in this sector They express their will to work for a Troadec has beaten him a couple of times, but in order to help the farmers to survive. «Republic» of diversity and democracy. The thanks to the party-list, R. Ferrand was elected Agriculture is economically by far the most candidates were asked: at the Regional Council. The first tensions important industry in Breizh. Central Brittany

Carn 7 is already very weak in terms of population railway stations. We need to secure the and the politicians know that they need to professional goal of the teachers who are reverse this decline to keep the countryside ready to teach Breton. It’s very important for alive. In order to develop the financial the kids to have two or three languages in their capacity of Breizh, alongside of the Social and brain in order to accept different cultures and Economic Council he is in favour of a «Big be open to the world. Loan for Breizh». This money should help to Yves Pelle believes that the conditions exist create 130.000 new jobs in the sustainable for devolution to become a reality and now is energy sector like it did in Scotland. This the time to create strong political opposition to celtic nation inspires a lot C. Troadec’s the state. Breton people are disillusioned with policies in many spheres. With a budget of French administration so Breizh should strive 1billion Euro, Breizh is far behind most of towards more subsidiarity like in a lot of the what the devolved Regions in the E.U. other euro-regions. Y. Pelle also considers receive! that in a globalised world Europe is the right The windmills at sea also offered the leader good size. It’s with these new ideas that Pelle, of BWR the opportunity to speak about a manager with a strong economic fishing and tourism. In both these industries Yves PELLE background, will stand for M.P. in the area of he is ready to accept new concepts, new Dinan. training and to initiate workshops in order to mainstay of the Breton economy. Today Gi Keltik. create new jobs for the young workers. As an farmers and citizens are well aware that we http://www.partibreton.org/ important leader of the Breton language he is must improve the system and develop a new Strollad Breizh Parti Breton backing all cultural activities as well as Diwan organisation: sustainable but intensive. We lise (A-level) and the Rock-Festival. He must ask for the control of the C.A.P. by the believes that, “Culture and social services Regions. Breizh must promote new products must be developed in Central Brittany”. in order to make higher profits. We must also He is a strong character willing to go keep in mind that whilst the production of The Bard of forward together with the people. Hopefully, organic foods is doing well at a local level, the his regionalist’s ideas will gain ground during level of production is low. This problem can Orkney this election for the position of M.P. for the be overcome by introducing a more state... That will be good news in the professional structure in this sector, as they George Mackay Brown was born on Orkney on 17 October 1921. His father was a postman forthcoming local and regional elections. did in Germany. Whilst the landers are whilst his mother worked in a local hotel. He GiK allowed to produce energy from attended Stromness Academy and was a vora- http://mouvement-bretagne-progres.fr/ mechanisation and get some revenue for doing so, the EDF in France controls the production cious reader as a child. Tuberculosis ended his of electricity and are not willing to develop school education -he was sent to a sanatorium- small units of production. As a consequence but the “enforced leisure” enabled him to read Yves PELLE MP the farmers do not make enough money to further and to “develop his literary taste” for Dinan? cover the cost of wages. (Spence 2004). About the SICA’s platform, S.B. is not going His health remained poor. It meant he could- to interfere in local questions. Anyway, S.B. is n’t serve in World War Two for instance and he In November 2010 Yves Pelle was elected very much in favour of COMBIWEST. This found himself virtually unemployable. George President of Strollad-Breizh (S.B. - B.P., in organisation of producers manages, with the began to write however and by the early 40’s his reviews began to be published and he had a reg- French). From the outset he strongly opposed help of the Deutche Bahn, to transport ular column in Orkney’s weekly paper. bipartisanism at state level and now at the vegetables, by rail, from Breizh to Lyon and His life was “coloured” though, Spence (2004) regional and local elections (cf.: New then on to Italy. It’s a very positive challenge says, by a “fondness for drink.” For 10 years his territorial law). The next election for the in terms of carbon emissions and money for writing remained sporadic until, in 1951, he was Parliament will give an important boost to the our regional economy. Unfortunately, the invited to become a mature student at Newbattle winner of the Presidential election. Therefore French railway, SNCF and the French it is a huge challenge for this Breton Abbey College under the auspices of the Orkney administration is trying to stop this new poet, Edwin Muir. regionalist, democratic and European parties. challenge in the Law Court. Regarding air The centralised French political structure has At Muir’s behest he also went to Edinburgh transport. S.B. is not in favour of a new University to read English literature and then inbuilt limitations within the EU. Strollad- important airport, in Naoned. They do not Breizh considers that in an open market later published his first major book of verse, think that Naoned can be a new hub on the LOAVES AND FISHES, in 1959. Another volume Europe is the good size. So, they ask for more continent. Yves Pelle stated that, «We must Devolution in the European community. of poems, THE YEAR OF THE WHALE, appeared develop other ways to attract tourists to in 1965 and it was followed in 1967 by his liter- Cataluñya and Scotland are good examples Breizh». As an elected member of Erquy, Y. ary prose work, A CALENDAR OF LOVE AND for Breizh. Pelle is very concerned about the fishing OTHER STORIES. Yves Pelle started his political career in the industry, especially scallops. ST Brieux’s bay All this work and his next offering, A TIME TO city of Erquy, not far from ST Malo. As a is doing well in terms of marketing, keeping a KEEP AND OTHER STORIES (1969), told of member of PWC he had a good knowledge of tight control of production. Today the main Orkney folk and their lives from the “deepest his- the Breton economy. At the Regional Council worry is about the age of the boats, some over tory to the present day” (Spence 2004). A sense for Social and Economic Affairs he was 20 years old. S.B. is willing to prepare for the of community was important to Brown and in President of the infrastructure of roads, rails, future within the E.U. his first novel, GREENVOE (1972), he wrote of cities countryside and environment etc. As the After the important protest-march in island life being threatened by Black Star, a President of the DEB (Diaspora Eco.Breizh), Kemper, in March, Y. Pelle expressed the “mysterious nuclear development” (BBC 2011). he developed the links between Brittany and need to develop Breton schools throughout Brown was awarded an OBE in 1974 and made the rest of the world. He also learnt a lot from Breizh. «We must do what is done in Wales”, a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in his involvement with the think tank of the he insists. It is important to both children and 1977. His final novel, BESIDE THE OCEAN OF Lokarn-Institute. In 2010, he took over the parents that Breton in seen to be used in the TIME -published in 1994- was short listed for presidency of Strollad-Breizh in order to gain community and in the public sector. S.B the prestigious Booker Prize. It was also judged more influence at a regional level. supports Ai’ta and believe they are right to ask Scottish Book of the Year by the Saltire Society. Y. Pelle, stressed that agricultural for Breton on road signs, in post offices and in Alan Stewart production was by far the most important

8 Carn Welsh-language communities can campaign together for their future. The last census showed a significant drop in the number of communities where Welsh is spoken by over Cymru 70% of people and the results of the next cen- sus are expected to show the same pattern. Cymdeithas will use their Wales-wide “Taith Tynged yr Iaith” (Fate of the Language Tour), part of the society’s 50th anniversary celebrations, to draw attention to Sianel Gymraeg newydd ar yr awyr – the state of the language at a community level and encourage other communities to Sianel62 join the new alliance. Hywel Griffiths, com- munities spokesman for Cymdeithas said: “Merched y Wawr was established in Y Parc, Lansiodd Cymdeithas yr a chynnwys gwleidyddol a an example of a movement which has gone Iaith Gymraeg sianel dychanol na allwch weld ar from strength to strength; contributing sig- deledu Gymraeg y sianeli teledu nificantly to our communities and the Welsh newydd - “Sianel 62” presennol. Bydd nifer o language. We hope that this alliance we’re - ar y 19eg o ddigwyddiadau i starting today can gain momentum and act Chwefror fel rhan ddathlu ein hanner as a voice for Welsh-language communities o’u dathliadau canmlwyddiant yn which are facing a crisis. If Welsh is to con- hanner cael eu darlledu, gan tinue as a viable and thriving language, we canmlwyddiant. fod y sianel yn gyfle must defend and grow the number of Welsh- Cewch ei gweld ar arall i ddiolch i’r holl language communities.” www.sianel62.com. bobl sydd wedi Penri Jones, spokesman for the campaign in Sianel 62 ydyw’r ymgyrchu dros yr iaith Y Parc, said: “Our native Welsh language sianel Gymraeg newydd dros y degawdau.” rural communities are increasingly scarce gyntaf. ers 30 mlynedd. Cynhwyswyd yn y and decaying.... the natural Welsh speaking Mae’n fwriad gan y darllediad cyntaf hanes teulu areas are facing a real risk of being deprived Gymdeithas dangos rhaglenni Caerdegog yn Ynys Môn, clipiau of everything at the moment. The local school heriol, gwleidyddol, doniol, dychanol, comedi, Tynged yr Iaith II a cherddoriaeth almost without exception has been, and is, dwys ac ysgafn, bob nos Sul rhwng 20:00 a gan fandiau a fyddai yn perfformio yn yr Ŵyl the heart of the rural community and when 22:00. Hanner Cant ym Mhontrhydfendigaid ym the countryside’s schools are lost the other Yn ôl y trefnwyr y gobaith yw y bydd y mis Gorffennaf ymysg pethau eraill. ties are certain to be undone. sianel yn “llai fel Noson Lawen ac yn fwy o Felly, bob nos Sul rhwng 20:00 a 22:00 – “I see setting up the alliance ... as an essen- Noson Chwyldroadol”. Mae’r Gymdeithas www.sianel62.com ! tial step to a strategy of sustaining and keep- wedi sefydlu dau hwb i’r sianel, yng ing a thread which connects the network Nghaerdydd a Chaernarfon, ar gyfer y Summary that’s left ... the latest visionless attempt by prosiect a darperir hyfforddiant ac offer i As part of their 50th anniversary councils to close small schools has highlight- bobl sydd am gyfrannu iddi. commemoration Cymdeithas yr Iaith have ed the reality of the situation. The Welsh lan- Dywedodd Cydlynydd Sianel 62 Greg launced their own TV channel. It broadcasts guage areas must prosper if we are to see Bevan adeg y lawnsio: 2 hours per week on Sunday evenings any long term successful future of the Welsh “Mae hwn yn brosiect nid yn unig i ddathlu between 20:00 and 22:00 on language and culture. ‘You cannot reap hanner canmlwyddiant y Gymdeithas, ond www.sianel62.com. It is also to compensate unless you sow,’ says the proverb. We must hefyd yn brotest yn erbyn diffyg rhaglenni for the tame nature of most of the output on continue to sow and nurture the shoots of our heriol am y Gymru gyfoes ar hyn o bryd. Mi S4C, the official Welsh TV channel. rural communities come what may.” fydd y sianel yn cynnig llwyfan newydd i Launching the alliance, Cymdeithas wel- leisiau amgen ac unigryw sydd yn tueddu comed the unanimous vote in the Assembly cael eu hanwybyddu gan y darlledwyr that week calling on the government to set up traddodiadol.” a task and finish group to plan for an increase “Sianel ‘ifanc ei naws’ fydd hi a phobol Welsh language in the number of communities where Welsh gyffredin yn y gymuned fydd yn datblygu’r is the main language. Bethan Williams, syniadau a chynhyrchu’r rhaglenni o dan communities Cymdeithas leader commented: arweinyddiaeth tîm proffesiynol. Wrth gwrs, “We’re pleased the Welsh Government will gall sianel deledu fod yn fecanwaith lobby launched be establishing a group to examine the lan- dylanwadol a phwerus iawn, felly mae hwn guage’s future at a community level. The yn gyfle digynsail i sefydlu’r strwythurau i Government’s planning and sustainable rywbeth a all fod yn ganolog i waith y A Welsh-speaking village where the local development bills offer an opportunity for the Gymdeithas am flynyddoedd i ddod. Mae school is under threat will has become the Government to reverse the pattern where the llwyddiant y fenter yn ddibynnol ar bobl yn first area to join a new alliance to lobby for interests of developments take priority over cyfrannu, felly cysylltwch gyda ni os the future of Welsh-language communities. the interests of the Welsh language and its gallwch fod o gymorth - Y Parc, near Bala, is the first area in communities. We will be urging the [email protected].” Cynghrair Cymunedau Cymru (Alliance of Government over the months to come to Ychwanegodd Bethan Williams, Welsh Communities). The launch was held accept that housing developments in a num- Cadeirydd y Gymdeithas: in March during a day of protest in the vil- ber of places in the country are damaging the “Bydd y sianel yn llai fel ‘Noson Lawen’ lage against Gwynedd Council’s decision to language and commit to changing the plan- ac yn fwy o Noson Chwyldroadol, gobeithio. seek to close Ysgol Y Parc. The alliance is an ning system to prevent that pattern from con- Mae’n fenter gyffrous iawn, ac mae ‘na initiative of Cymdeithas yr Iaith (the Welsh tinuing.” groeso i bawb gymryd rhan. Fe fydd lleisiau Language Society), established so that

Carn 9 The Welsh Language Society are equally concerned about Wylfa B, and have declared Nuclear Threat to land in the their support to Richard and Gwenda Jones. The Society noted at their AGM in October, that since the Fukushima disaster back in Bro Gymraeg March 2011, the German Government decided to close down all their nuclear stations by 2022. A referendum took place in A dispute has been brewing in Anglesey Italy earlier in 2011 when 95% voted against over the last year between a local dairy building new nuclear stations. The Japanese farmer and a nuclear giant. Richard Jones, are also pressurising their Government to who runs Caerdegog Uchaf Farm near abandon nuclear power. Llanfechell, has found his land threatened by The Society have grave concerns that the Horizon Nuclear Power. His land (which migration of thousands of builders would borders land that Horizon have purchased on have a damaging effect on the Welsh the Wylfa site) has been in Mr Jones’s language family for 300 years, but the firm now wants They note that the present Wylfa station has to buy some of his best agricultural land in contributed greatly to the Anglicisation of order to build a new generation nuclear the north and the east of Anglesey. power station next to Wylfa, on the northern According to an Estyn report on Cemaes shore of the island. Primary School in 2006, only 4% of pupils Horizon, which is an amalgamation of Farmer Richard Jones and his family came from Welsh speaking homes. German-owned E.ON and RWE npower, has Although it’s easy for Horizon to boast on already bought roughly 230 hectares of land But why is Horizon so determined to their website (Feb 2011) that they will be on Anglesey and has its eye on a further 65 expand at this specific location? It would investing £90k to support 30 apprentices, I ha. appear that back in June 2011, the British wonder how many locals have the necessary Mr Jones has said that 26 ha of his best Government confirmed a list of eight suitable skills and expertise to capitalise and compete land, and another 8 ha that they rent, were locations for new power stations by 2025. I for the job opportunities which could arise? threatened. This would result in the 80 cows assume that Wylfa has made this list due to Considering the number of power stations that they milk having to be dispersed its sparsely populated location on the north across Europe, who says the company won’t meaning that the remaining land would not Anglesey coast? Amlwch is the nearest small recruit cheap skilled foreign workers and be viable as an agricultural unit. town, it’s roughly 7 km east of Cemaes Bay. contractors as they did to keep down building Although some farmers have already sold If Wales must have a new power station, I costs for the London games? their land to the firm, Eifion Hughes, guess that Wylfa is geographically the I personally object to the construction of chairman of the Farmers Union of Wales furthest point away from any of our most Wylfa B for a number of reasons. I’m highly milk committee, said “the loss of land would populated towns and cities. sceptical of the grand claims made by have a devastating effect on the farmer and Horizon held a media briefing in Horizon Power, (which are supported by his family”. Caernarfon recently, and were greeted by Anglesey County Council and the island’s Mr Jones and his family have been visited several protestors from PAWB (People political parties) regarding the potential job three times by the surveyors, Fisher German, Against Wylfa B). PAWB are calling for a boost for the region’s workers. The health who are acting on behalf of the nuclear firm. nuclear free Wales and for investment in the hazards associated with nuclear power are The surveyors have been very forceful and green energy market. They believe nuclear another huge turn off for me. We are won’t take no for an answer. Surveyors have energy is dangerous, as has been shown at regularly told by the press that these clusters, told them that they may buy the land by stations in the past, such as Fukushima in or higher than average incidents of cancers, compulsory purchase. Japan. The group are also worried about the are attributed to our lifestyles, (such as Horizon Nuclear has stated in press reports impact that this development would have on reported in the Daily Post on May 31, 2011), that they have not ruled out forcing through the Welsh language and culture of the area. and I agree that this is a growing factor, but the sale of land with Compulsive Purchase Leon Flexman, Horizon’s director of no government is going to openly admit any Orders so that Wylfa B can be built – but it communications, told the Daily Post “The incidents of radiation leaks in Britain. Being would be a last resort. overwhelming support of the people of honest would cause too much alarm, which is Richard Jones and his wife Gwenda have Anglesey for another power station on the of course an added health risk! stood firm against these bullying tactics, they island had been a major factor in Horizon’s I believe that the family should be have made their position clear and will fight decision to seek to build Wylfa B”. supported all the way in their brave stance to the end. Selling 34 hectares of land to This is in stark contrast to the concerns that against the bullying nuclear giants. Horizon would prevent his family from worry many local residents. Concerns have Horizon even denies Mr Jones the courtesy making a living. His son Owain has hopes to been raised that, in an emergency, the mass of correspondence in Welsh. carry on farming. evacuation of Anglesey in the wake of a I fear that this is a growing trend, where Dewi Jones, Anglesey NFU Cymru County Fukushima style disaster would be arrogant, super-rich firms seem to have the Chairman, said authorities and company impossible, since only two escape routes power to do as they wish, with government representatives should resist turning to the onto the mainland exist, via the already backing. Compulsory Purchase Act 1994 to acquire congested Menai bridges. Farmers are Since March this year there have been major land. “Compulsory purchase can ruin a farm, obviously worried about consumer developments to the Wylfa B plans as a especially if a road is built in the middle of confidence in their products. direct result of strategic decisions taken in it, thereby splitting it in two and forcing the According to a recent survey commissioned Germany. E.ON and RWE npower, (the farmer to move his livestock back and forth by PAWB, almost three quarters of the 500 parent companies who formed Horizon), in a trailer or wagon. Dividing farmland in locals asked stated that they would prefer to have pulled out of the plans due to the global such a way can also reduce its market value. see jobs created through renewable/alternative economic crisis, recent nuclear Anglesey is one of the most important energy, and a similar percentage of locals developments in Germany and the significant farming areas of Wales,” Mr Jones told were alarmed that nuclear waste could be costs of the project. NewsWales. stored on site for 160 years. Continued on page 11 10 Carn Welsh language S4Craffu - new group to monitor Welsh TV

Commissioner’s The relationship between S4C (the Welsh- source of funding for the channel. Bethan language TV channel) and the BBC will be Williams, chairman of Cymdeithas yr Iaith first day under the microscope following the Gymraeg, said that concerns remain about announcement on the 10th of April of a new the channel: “Our campaign last year did Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg wished Meri alliance between unions and language ensure that there is some type of future for Huws, (see photo p.14), a former leader of groups. The group S4Craffu has been created the channel but the future remains uncertain. Cymdeithas, well as she started her new job following the campaigning partnership There was a only a compromise on S4C so as the first Commissioner for the Welsh formed during the battle against the cuts to the work continues to make sure that S4C language in April. This new position has S4C’s budget. The intention of the new group continues to contribute to a prosperous been created by the Welsh government to is to continue to defend S4C and its culture and creative broadcasting. replace the now terminated Welsh Language independence in addition to monitoring Board, of which Meri Huws was the last standards in the TV industry in Wales. chairman. Members of the group include the trade Bethan Williams, chairman of Cymdeithas union BECTU, the Writers’ Guild, and commented: “We hope she will take the Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg. opportunity to make the substantial changes Speaking about the new group, Madoc needed for the benefit of the language. With Roberts from the union BECTU said: “This a cross-party consensus and amongst civic new group is a chance to keep a close eye on society in favour of establishing the post, she the standard of the TV industry in Wales and has a golden opportunity to start afresh and to scrutinise the relationship between S4C ensure this new system prioritises people. and the BBC. This is a positive initiative, “Although there are a number of with the intention of ensuring that S4C offers weaknesses in the system set up by the new the best possible service to its viewers. The legislation, with goodwill and clear group will enable anyone who fears for the commitment from the Commissioner and the future of broadcasting in Wales to raise any Government they can make a big difference. concerns they have.” A difference that will enable people to use S4C is facing cuts of over 90% to its grant more Welsh day to day. We should see major from the UK Government, and BBC Wales is improvements to services for Welsh suffering because of cuts to Welsh services Roger Williams speakers, learners, and others like parents meaning 120 jobs risk being lost at the with children in Welsh-medium education. corporation in Wales. Madoc Roberts added: ”Roger Williams on behalf of the Writers’ “We expect the Commissioner to be an “The UK Government promised that the BBC Guild said: “During all the discussions the independent voice for the language and to would not gobble up S4C and that the UK Government was very keen to convince put the interests of people first, rather than relationship between the two broadcasters everyone that there was no threat to S4C’s following the tendency of the old Language would not damage production standards in independence so during the consultation on Board, a Government agency who Wales. The two broadcasters are facing big S4C’s future, we will be active in ensuring concentrated on compromising with large cuts so we are very keen to ensure that this that the Government stick to the promises businesses and organisations. doesn’t have a negative effect on the quality made about the relationship between the “We hope that the Commissioner will of the productions.” BBC and S4C and that the relationship will secure rights for people to high quality Last year, S4C accepted an agreement not interfere with the ability of S4C to act Welsh language services by placing clear which meant that the BBC would be the main independently.” and ambitious duties on companies and bodies. “She also needs to tackle the discrimination against Welsh speakers in the NO TO “TEAM GB”! workplace, by securing rights for people to When the British Olympic Association principally to protect the identity of each work through the medium of Welsh. We hope (BOA) suddenly announced back in June national association. With that in mind, we we can make Welsh organisations bilingual 2011, that a “historic agreement” had been cannot support nor formally endorse the in the true meaning of the word, where there made with the English Football Association approach that has been proposed by the is substantial use of the language internally. (FA), regarding fielding a Great Britain (English) Football Association.” This This is an area where neither the Assembly team, “Team GB”, for next summer’s statement was signed by all three chief nor the Government are showing leadership Olympic Games in London, they must have executives, as reported by the BBC in June at the moment.” hoped that the news would slip beneath the 2011. radar of the three other FAs of the home The FA sanctions all competitive matches Continued from page 10 nations, however there was an immediate in England, with HRH Prince William as its The UK government are hopeful that other reaction. President. However, as the Welsh FA investors will be found. In April, the Russian A joint statement from the others rejected president Phil Pritchard stated, “The nuclear firm Rosatom have declared an this and claimed that no discussions ever [English] FA have no authority to speak on interest in the development. If we can take took place. “The Football Associations of our behalf, they do not represent us.” any comfort from this news, it is that Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland What concerns international fans Rosatom insists that “the Chernobyl reiterate our collective opposition to Team organisations from around Great Britain is experience helped the Russian nuclear GB participation at the 2012 Olympic Games the real threat to the four associations’ proud industry reach new standards in achieving in London, contrary to the media release and long standing independent status. They safe nuclear power” (Telegraph 25 April, issued by the BOA. state on their website (noteamgb.com), that 2012). “We have been consistently clear in there is a view within FIFA, the world Aled Cottle explaining the reason for our stance, governing body, that the home nations

Carn 11 should compete jointly under the same have informed the BOA that they will do as next World Cup qualifiers start on 7th banner. “It is our view that a joint Great they wish. Further complications could arise September 2012 against Belgium, and the Britain football team at the Olympics would if Rangers or Celtic FC have a home FAW will be keen to keep their star players further enhance their case”, they state. European qualifier during this time. free from any avoidable injuries, to give the But since the FIFA secretary general has The Northern Ireland situation is a little nation the best possible chance of reaching given all four associations written assurances baffling to say the least. Nigel Worthington, the 2014 World Cup, which is after all our that participating as Team GB would not who has recently stepped down as the priority, and what most professional football compromise their football sovereignty, it’s Northern Ireland manager stated that “he players really aspire to reach. strange that only the English FA are satisfied doesn’t have a problem with Northern Neville Southall, Wales’s most capped by this guarantee? Can anyone really trust Ireland players competing in a GB team at player, also opposes Team GB. He told BBC FIFA today? the Olympics” (Belfast Telegraph, 23 June Sport “The whole point of going to the When FIFA (the international organising 2011). s. The Irish FA, just like the Welsh Olympics is that special moment when your body) was formed in Paris in 1904, they and Scottish FAs, fiercely oppose the idea. flag goes up. What flag are they going to put declared that they would adhere to the rules But how can a Northern Irish athlete up if they win it? The Union Jack? It’s not set by the IFAB. As football’s popularity qualify for ‘Team GB’ if Northern Ireland my flag. My flag’s a dragon.” A valid point grew around the globe, FIFA representatives isn’t part of Great Britain? Great Britain considering Wales isn’t recognised on the were soon admitted to IFAB. Furthermore, refers to the countries of England, Scotland Union flag! by saving FIFA from bankruptcy in 1947, and Wales. It’s incredibly arrogant of the FA to go England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern So, since the BOA has not proposed to ahead and appoint Stuart Pearce as Manager Ireland earned themselves a permanent create a ‘Team UK’, and all the Olympics in the wake of such opposition. The headline position on FIFA’s eight man International literature and promotional material refer to “Stuart Pearce preparing to select players for Football Association Board. I hope this Great Britain alone, isn’t this an insult to Team GB” appeared in The Telegraph (1 explains the political power that the home proud Northern Irish athletes? Dec 2011), and in the same article it stated nations have enjoyed over FIFA until recent times. But times have changed and, crucially, football has since grown to become a global sport, hence the growing pressure from the International Football community for the home nations to merge under one banner, with one FA and a single membership of FIFA and UEFA. This is quite understandable of course. It must be very No Team GB Banner at the Iceland V Scotland Game. difficult for many European and Southern Hemisphere nations to understand why half of FIFA’s eight man Board is made up from To add further confusion, any ‘Team GB’ “Another potential complication is the one state. They question the injustice of one gold medallists at the Games will be greeted opposition to a unified British team from the state being able to send four teams to play in by the UK Union Flag, and hear the UK Football Associations of Wales, Scotland, international tournaments, and in their eyes, anthem, God Save the Queen. As if this isn’t and Northern Ireland”. Many have suggested the UK are denying three other nations the enough to mull over, the current International that this Team GB football farce is all about opportunity to compete at the top level by Olympic Committee’s charter states “The selling more tickets next summer. Why else overcrowding tournaments. If the UK had mission of the Olympic Council of Ireland would the English FA and the BOA go out of only one seat on the IFAB, this would (OCI) is to develop and protect the Olympic their way to bully the Celts into submission? provide opportunities for South American Movement on the island of Ireland”. And why is all the opposition brushed under nations for example to have a much greater In contrast, this is a current quote from the the carpet with the full assistance of the influence on FIFA. British Olympic Association website “Team brainwashing British media? My opinion is that this situation should be GB is the Great Britain and Northern Ireland I hope that it’s not a knee jerk reaction by looked at again, and surely there is a way of Olympic Team”, “The Team is selected and the Government to the SNPs growing re-distributing IFAB board seats without managed by the British Olympic popularity up north. having to abandon our individual identities. Association”, “There is only one Olympic And since the Duke and Duchess of Since FIFA already recognises 23 non- team from Great Britain and Northern Cambridge and Prince Harry have been made sovereign entities as distinct nations, I Ireland; Team GB.” official Team GB ambassadors, combined believe that resisting Team GB is the most As a result, the Olympic Council of Ireland with the recent announcement that the Queen sensible way of preserving Team Cymru in sends a team to represent Ireland and the will travel around the UK (or should that be this global game. BOA sends a team representing Great GB) in the run up to her Jubilee, it looks as if Scottish fans are the most vocal in their Britain. there will be a lot more media and political opposition to Team GB. Some fear they Although the official title for the Olympic brainwashing in support of this false united could lose more than just their national team. team is “Team GB and Northern Ireland”, I front right up to the opening ceremony. If Scotland lost its status as an independent wonder whether the last part of the title is I have friends in Catalonia who are envious football nation, it would also lose its FA and dropped because the BOA is aware that the of our Welsh national team; it’s a form of with it the opportunity to enter teams in the OCI have jurisdiction for all 32 counties. national identity that they desperately want. Champions League. FSF Cymru spokesman Vince Alm has Many Welsh fans are taking it for granted, Concerns have also been raised that the previously said, “The majority of Welsh but we don’t have much time if we want to start of the SPL will clash with the London supporters are against it … This could be the preserve our Team Cymru. Our national team Games. The Olympic Charter insists that no end of the home unions and I think that is worth more than Lord Coe and the BOA’s top class football games will be played would be sad”. No Team GB banners were financial targets! during the Olympics. Although the BOA unveiled by fans during Wales’s friendly No Team GB! stated publicly there will be no domestic against Norway last month. Aled Cottle games played during the Olympics, the SPL It’s also worth remembering that Wales’s Director of Information Cymru Branch

12 Carn leis an údar, tá síceolaíocht shainiúil ag baint le gach saothar, is é sin go mbíonn síceolaíocht ar leith ag gach aon saothar liteartha. Cuirtear an léamh atá déanta ar Éire gach ceann de na saothair i gcomparáid leis an tráchtaireacht a deineadh orthu go dtí seo. Sampla maith de sin is ea Ó Thuaidh. Dar leis na criticeoirí go dtí seo, ní thugann Ua Maoileoin léargas iomlán ar na carachtair sa Vir Ex Navi saothar sin ach, leis an gcur chuige nua a sholáthraítear ar an saothar sin in Vir ex Navi, cur chuige nua critice curtha i bhfeidhm ar éiríonn sé soiléir go bhfuil léargas i bhfad níos mó á thabhairt ag an Maoileonach ná shaothair mhórúdair gaeltachta mar a tuigeadh go dtí seo. Dar le hOisín Uíbh Eachach, níor tugadh a Scríbhneoir gaeltachta a fuair bás sa shainiúil a chuid saothar a ionramháil. cheart don Mhaoileonach mar scríbhneoir go bhliain 2002 ab ea Pádraig Ua Maoileoin. Scrúdaíonn an t-údar próiseas an dtí seo agus níl dóthain scríofa ó thaobh na Chaith sé a shaol oibre sna Gardaí Síochána, chruthúcháin, an próiseas as a bhforbraíonn critice de chun cruthaitheacht agus tábhacht a i gColáiste na hOllscoile agus sa Roinn saothar liteartha, agus tá téis ilghnéitheach chuid saothar a thabhairt chun léire. Leis an Oideachais (agus é ag obair ar Fhoclóir Uí forbartha aige chun anailís a dhéanamh ar leabhar nua seo, áfach, tá modh aimsithe faoi Dhónaill). Ar nós an fhile Albanaigh, thoradh an phróisis sin sna saothair atá dheireadh chun gnéithe de chruthaitheacht Uí Somhairle MacGill-Eain, tógadh Ua roghnaithe aige agus coincheapa éagsúla de Mhaoileoin agus dá thábhacht mar Maoileoin sa chultúr béaloidis gaeltachta a chuid Jung i leith na litríochta a aimsiú iontu. scríbhneoir comhaimseartha a léiriú, gnéithe bhí i réim ar feadh na mílte bliain sular Léiríonn an t-údar máistreacht agus é ag plé a rabhthas dall orthu go dtí seo. scuaib an cultúr angla-mheiriceánach chun le coincheapa Jung agus tugann tuiscintí nua Agus tionchar chomh mór sin ag an bealaigh é le teacht na mórmheán i dtaobh na critice Gaeilge chun cinn – mbéaloideas ar an litríocht sna tíortha cumarsáide leictreonach. Ní nach ionadh, tuiscintí lena dtugtar léargas as an nua dúinn Ceilteacha, is mithid cur chuige critice a mar sin, bhain sé leas as an mbéaloideas a ar shaothair Uí Mhaoileoin. bheith ar fáil a chuirfidh ar ár gcumas léargas bhí de dhlúth agus d’inneach ina shaol chun Cuireann an t-údar go mór leis an léamh is ceart a thabhairt ar shíceolaíocht na saothar cuid mhaith saothar próis a scríobh. féidir a dhéanamh ar na trí shaothar a bhfuil litríochta is fearr dá bhfuil fágtha le Dar le hOisín Uíbh Eachach, údar leabhair hoidhreacht againn ag ár mórscríbhneoirí. Tá nua faoin Maoileonach, ní bhfuair Pádraig an méid sin bainte amach anois ag Oisín Ua Maoileoin a cheart riamh ón lucht Uíbh Eachach. léirmheastóireachta agus tá leas bainte ag Tadhg Ó Broin Uíbh Eachach as cur chuige nua léirmheastóireachta chun téamaí agus coincheapa de chuid Carl Gustav Jung a Summary aimsiú i saothair Uí Mhaoileoin. Vir Ex Navi Vir ex Navi is a book by Oisín Uíbh Eachach - cur chuige síocanailíseach doimhneachta i presenting a new understanding of the leith phrós Phádraig Uí Mhaoileoin atá mar literary works of Pádraig Ua Maoileoin. Ua theideal ar an leabhar agus déantar cur Maoileoin was a 20th century author from chuige critice, cur chuige atá bunaithe ar an the Kerry Gaeltacht. Uíbh Eachach’s gcritic liteartha shíocanailíseach Jungach, a methodology is based on the depth psycho- chur i bhfeidhm ann ar thrí shaothar de chuid analytical approach of CG Jung, the Uí Mhaoileoin – Bríde Bhán, Fonn a Níos groundbreaking 20th century psychoanalyst. Fiach agus Ó Thuaidh. It offers Ua Maoileoin’s readers a fresh Leis an gcur chuige nua seo, cuirtear understanding of his works and illustrates léargas nua ar fáil ar chruthaitheacht an the often underplayed creativity of this mhórscríbhneora chomhaimseartha author. Publishers Coisceim, Price €7.50. Ghaeilge seo. Déantar plé leathan i dtús an leabhair ar an Jungachas, is é sin cur chuige an tsíceolaí, Carl Gustav Jung. Cur chuige Irish Language síocanailíseach doimhneachta is ea cur chuige Jung i leith na sícé, mar is cur chuige an cur chuige siocanailíseach curtha i App Launched é a phléann leis an gcaidreamh idir an bhfeidhm aige orthu, saothair a bhfuil Abair Leat!, the first ever Irish language comhfhios agus an neamh-chomhfhios. easnamh ar an tráchtaireacht a deineadh social network launched the ‘Lámha Suas’ Cuirtear ar chumas an léitheora leis an gcur orthu go dtí seo. Leis an anailís atá déanta ag app, a Facebook application for Irish chuige nua seo an ceangal idir an scríbhneoir Uíbh Eachach ar na húrscéalta Bríde Bhán, speakers of all-levels, from second-level to comhaimseartha agus an béaloideas i Fonn a Níos Fiach agus Ó Thuaidh, tagann professionals in early Arpli. litríocht na Gaeilge a fheiscint i an léitheoir ar thuiscint nua ar thábhacht agus The interactive game is made up of gcomhthéacs nua. Pléitear úsáid ar chruthaitheacht Phádraig Uí Mhaoileoin rounds of 13 questions. These questions chomhfhiosach na síceolaíochta ag agus a shaothar. Déantar gach saothar a vary from Irish grammar to guessing the scríbhneoirí móra de chuid na Gaeilge – thógáil leis féin agus féachtar air i lines from famous songs and movies, Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill agus Máirtín Ó gcomhthéacs choincheap an ghníomhaí which have been dubbed in Irish. Cadhain ina measc – agus an chritic atá ann éifeachtaigh. Coincheap is ea an gníomhaí The ‘Lámha Suas’ app is available from i leith shaothair na scríbhneoirí sin. Cé nár éifeachtach a úsáideann an t-údar chun plé le www.facebook.com/abairleat mhaígh Pádraig Ua Maoileoin riamh go saothar liteartha i gcomhthéacs an Abair Leat!, was launched in February of raibh úsáid chomhfhiosach á baint aige as charachtair is fearr ar féidir gach gné den this year and currently has 5000 users, and coincheapa síceolaíochta ina chuid saothar, scéal a cheangal leis ar mhaithe le 1,000 people visit the site on a daily basis. tá gá le cur chuige nua chun síceolaíocht síceolaíocht shainiúil an tsaothair a lorg. Dar

Carn 13 long periods (> 3 years) at the end of 2011: the Office of the President, the Arts Council, BAD NEWS FOR IRISH LANGUAGE Office of the Ombudsman, the Courts Service, Galway County Council, the FROM LANGUAGE COMMISSIONER Revenue Commissioners, and the Department for Education and Skills. l By year end, no language scheme had While Irish census figures released in April Irish language sector will provide a been confirmed for the Department of Arts, show an increase in those who say they can sufficiently dynamic boost to the remnants of Heritage and the Gaeltacht, which was speak Irish to 1.77M this seemingly positive the Gaeltacht and to the learner community. formally established on June 1st 2011. Last result does not mean that much as the vast This sectoral approach of the Strategy year’s statistics show that matters have majority of them do not speak the language represents an anaemic response to serious undoubtedly been allowed to slide out of on a daily or even regular basis. Only 55,554 issues of linguistic meltdown in the control and that the system for the speak Irish on a daily basis and 103,132 on a Gaeltacht. It appears to be a strategy confirmation of language schemes appears weekly basis. The overall position is that the towards a post-Gaeltacht Ireland; it is not a now to have failed completely. I regret to Gaeltacht is still in a precarious state while strategy for native Irish communities or their say that I am of the opinion that it will no progress has been made on the use of regeneration. The Gaeltacht in common with prove next to impossible to re-establish Irish as a community language outside it. many minority language communities, no confidence in that system. (Author’s The 20 year strategy for the Irish Language longer has the critical demographic and emphasis). claims to aim for 250,000 daily speakers to social density in all age groups necessary for l Particular significance attaches to an be achieved within the 20 years (almost 2 the viability of this proposed delayed investigation which found that An Garda gone already and no concrete steps taken on bilingual strategy. A prerequisite for such Síochána stationed a substantial number of implementation). It does not seem likely this communities is the local reconsolidation of a members of the force, who did not speak will happen as matters exist now, certainly critical mass of active native speakers. Irish, in the heart of the Donegal Gaeltacht in not with plans by Foras na Gaeilge (FnaG) To appreciate how precarious the position breach of statutory obligations. Only one of for a New Funding Scheme for Irish is in the Gaeltacht read the 2007 report A the nine Gardaí stationed in the parish of language voluntary bodies which is trying to Comprehensive Linguistic Study of the Use Gaoth Dobhair spoke Irish. This occurred at force short term project related funding of Irish in the Gaeltacht, available to a stage when the status of Irish as a arrangements on them instead of providing download on the web. community language in the Gaeltacht is more the steady financial support needed to found At the end of April the Irish Language vulnerable than at any time in the past. The Irish nursery schools, Gaelscoileanna at Commissioner, Seán Ó Cuirreáin, published State can hardly expect the Irish language to primary and second level and initiatives to his report for 2011. It makes for sombre survive as the language of choice of bring the language into everyday use. reading. Some key points (extracts from Gaeltacht communities if it continues to Incidentally the voluntary groups get a third Summary, full bilingual report available at require people in such areas to carry out their of the Foras budget, the other 2/3 is spent on www.coimisineir.ie.) business with the State through English. the Foras bureaucracy with no talk of cut backs on that. The North South Ministerial Council to whom FnaG answer to (FnaG is one of the few cross border bodies that emerged from the Belfast agreement) mandated a three month consultation period for bodies and the public which finished on 2nd April. A submission was sent on behalf of the Irish Branch on the New Funding Schemes opposing them strongly. The full statement issued on the census results ‘Irish Language – Positive Census Results but Major Threats Loom’ may be found on the League web site in www.celticleague.net/news archives. It would seem that the analysis on the 20 An Coimisinéir Teanga, Seán Ó Cuirreáin, at a meeting in Dublin with Meri Huws – Year Strategy given last year by two of the the first Language Commissioner appointed in Wales. He offered her the authors (Conchúr Ó Giollagáin and Brian Ó assistance and co-operation of his Office. Curnáin, who contribute to the MA program l The report stated “The system of l As a result of two other investigations it in Language Planning of Acadamh na language schemes is at the very heart of the was found that the Department of Social hOllscolaíochta Gaeilge, NUI Galway) of a legislation and we rely on the language Protection failed to correctly award bonus new book (in Irish) An Chonair Chaoch: an scheme system to improve the quantity and marks for competence in Irish and English in Mionteangachas sa Dátheangachas [The quality of much of the services provided in internal promotion competitions. The Blind Alley: The Minority Language Irish by public bodies. In total, 105 language system, which is in operation since 1975, Condition and Bilingualism] is valid. schemes have been confirmed by the was set up as a replacement for ‘compulsory’ “Perhaps these weaknesses can be Minister to date, but by the end of 2011, 66 Irish, and it was designed to ensure that Irish- rectified in the implementation of the of these had expired. This means that no speaking staff would be available at all Strategy as it evolves, but as it stands it can second scheme has been confirmed for two grades in the Civil Service. The Department be compellingly portrayed as a costly and thirds of public bodies. of Social Protection did not appeal the ineffectual palliative care model for dying l At least 20% of the language schemes decision of the investigation to the High Irish without disclosing its real intent to the had expired for more than three years and a Court, but neither did it implement the patient or its carers, i.e. Irish speakers and further 20% for more than two years. The recommendations. That in itself is a matter of Irish language institutions. It is unclear how following were among the public bodies concern but the situation is made worse by the Strategy’s proposed supports for the whose language schemes had expired for the knowledge that the practice of failing to Continued on page 15 14 Carn showed 30% Yes, 23% No, and 39% don’t The Fiscal Treaty – know ( 8% will not vote). This unfortunately is rather different to a poll last October when there were 28% Yes, 47% No and 25% Indefinite Austerity. Vote NO! undecided. It would seem that scare tactics Legal Challenge on EMS have brought about a shift from No vote to Undecided for the present. However it may be noted that in the first Lisbon Treaty in At the end of February the Government In early April a group of some forty May 2008 the Yes side had a bigger lead in announced that a referendum would be held economists and social scientists made a polls but lost in the referendum by 53% to on the Fiscal Treaty. While they clearly public appeal in an Irish Times article 47%. So it is clear that the coming weeks of wanted to avoid a referendum they were ‘Austerity without Growth a Guarantee of campaigning will be crucial and that the advised by the Attorney General that one Stagnation’ for a U turn on economic policy. undecided must be won over to No side if was necessary. This, it was stated, was due to In the course of this they stated ‘At a years of austerity are to be avoided and hopes the fact that the Fiscal Treaty, although it European level instead of addressing the of recovery dashed. transfers sovereignty to EU institutions, is roots of the crisis – continuing instability in not an EU Treaty. It applies only to the states the financial sectors, unstainable debt which agree to sign it (Britain and the Czech burden and the flawed design of the Republic have refused to do so). The date Eurozone itself – policy focuses on later set for the referendum is 31st May. The enshrining austerity through the proposed full Treaty title is ‘Treaty on Stability, fiscal compact.’ Coordination and Governance in the At the Dáil committee on European Affairs Economic and Monetary Union (TSCG) and Professor Terence McDonough of NUI it is now being promoted by the Galway said the Treaty was ‘ completely Government, clearly for scaremongering without historical precedence’. Forcing a (who would vote against ‘Stability’?) as the country at the bottom of a depression to run Stability Treaty. The Treaty includes budget cuts and tax increases year after year requirements that Governments run balanced and forcing the same policy on its neighbours budgets with ‘structural deficits’ that do not was not the safe option.” If the Irish people exceed 0.5%. Incidentally it can take affect if are against permanent austerity they should only 12 of the Eurozone states accept it. reject this Treaty “he said. Speaking at the launch of his pamphlet The It was also clarified at the same hearing Fiscal Treaty and the Euro Crisis (available that there was no provision to withdraw from from www.voteno.ie) Kieran Allen, senior the Treaty. Dr Andy Storey from University lecturer in sociology in UCD said the treaty College, Dublin emphasised the opposition Thomas Pringle, would lock down public spending and ensure of the European Trade Union Confederation TD, Donegal South West. that the people of Europe are squeezed for to the Treaty. To date three Trade Unions years to come in order to pay back bonds. (Mandate, Unite and TEEU) in the Republic An interesting feature is that the main have come out calling on their members to argument for supporting the Fiscal Treaty – vote against the Treaty. The General access to a permanent eurozone loan fund to Secretary of the TEEU, Eamon Devoy, in an be set up by a another new Treaty the Continued from page 14 article written after the first round of the European Stability Mechanism Treaty award bonus marks correctly is common French Presidential election said the final (ESM) could be fallacious as this might throughout the Civil Service. outcome could offer a window of never come into force. The Irish Government has deemed that no referendum is necessary l If bonus marks are not awarded for opportunity which should not be ignored. He proficiency in the two official languages in called on the Irish Government to await its and proposed bring this into law after the internal promotion competitions at a time outcome before attempting to lock us into a referendum on the Fiscal Treaty. It has to be when little recruitment is taking place in the fiscal compact that will be bad medicine for ratified by July and is authorised by an Public Service and at a time when the work Europe and possibly fatal for ourselves. “ By amendment to Article 136 of the European of Gaeleagras, the Irish language training deferring the referendum and capitalising on Treaties agreed by the European Council body for the Public Service has been all but the groundswell against austerity across (Prime Ministers and Presidents) last year. terminated, it is very difficult to see how the Europe it could help tilt the balance of power However the establishment of the EMS is quantity and quality of state services through back towards the people of Europe “ he arguably illegal under EU law Irish could be improve wrote. Unfortunately there is little hope that unconstitutional in Ireland and the proposal As the Irish Times Irish language columnist this plea will be heeded by Government. The is in conflict with the amendment to Article put it in his headline ‘A Frightening Irish Congress of Trade Unions (ICTU) is 136. Insight….’ sitting on the fence, not making any A legal challenge was launched in the Irish Meanwhile we have the hypocrisy of the recommendation on voting. Their General High Court by Thomas Pringle, an first cosmetic effort of the Family Support Secretary of ICTU said they had ‘ a gun to Independent TD from Donegal, in mid April. Scheme (which replaced the Scheme for their head’ in the threat of being locked out Mr. Pringle said he was concerned the Spoken Irish in the Gaeltacht) of issuing from the new European Stability Mechanism European Stability Mechanism treaty and the pamphlets to pregnant women in cities in the if we do not sign up to more austerity. Stability, Coordination and Governance in West encouraging them to rear their children However this is the first time that ICTU has the Economic and Monetary Union (Fiscal in Irish while the Department of Educations not backed a Yes vote in an EU referendum. Compact) treaty raised “serious legal and Skills totally ignores the right to The full establishment, political and media difficulties” both in Ireland and Europe. He education through Irish in the vast majority and many economists back a Yes vote, said was asking the courts to examine if the of the country and Government Departments ironically even some who at the beginning of European Stability Mechanism treaty could and An Gárda flaunt the recommendations of their statements point out had bad the Treaty be passed without ratification by the Irish the Language Commissioner. is conclude it must be supported. public and to assess if it went against Seán Ó Faircheallaigh MRBI opinion polls published in mid April principles previously ratified by Irish voters.

Carn 15 Raidió na CALLS TO RELEASE MARIAN PRICE Gaeltachta – About two hundred people participated in a all costs, even if that means bringing in 40 years demonstration in Derry in mid April internment.” MLA Jennifer McCann, a Sinn demanding the release of prominent Fein member of the justice committee at on the air republican Marian Price. Stormont who met the minister in Belfast, The demonstration included a march from demanded in early April that she be freed. Free Derry Corner to Guildhall Square. At She said: “The doctors have also stated that In Easter week Raidió na Gaeltachta Guildhall Square, the march was addressed she is not fit to participate in any legal celebrated this major milestone in its by different speakers, including Jerry proceedings. The fact that she has twice been history with a series of programmes and a McGlinchey, husband of Marian Price, released on bail by senior judges, who have new radio drama, Baile an Droichid. It was Mons. Raymond Murray, former Long Kesh seen evidence not available to her solicitors, at 3 o’clock on Easter Sunday 1972, that chaplain and human rights campaigner, Kate raises the question, how is she a threat to Raidió na Gaeltachta broadcast its first Nash, Bloody Sunday relative, and Foyle anyone? programme. The founding of the station SDLP MLA Pat Ramsey. “This is an abuse of natural justice. On came as a result of a long running Mr McGlinchey called for the secretary of humanitarian terms alone she should be campaign. state to release his wife, who was returned to moved to an outside hospital, never mind the Saor Raidió (Free Radio) Chonamara prison when her licence was revoked fact that her continued imprisonment was established in 1970 by the Gluaiseacht following her arrest after an Easter damages public confidence in the justice Chearta Sibhialta na Gaeltachta (Gaeltacht commemoration in Derry last year. “He has system.” Civil Right Movement) in the Comamara not made clear in any way what threat she See also: http://www. Gealtacht to put pressure on the authorities poses. I don’t think she poses any threat. He belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/news- to set up a radio service to cater for the refuses to say what evidence he has,” he said. analysis/ sinn-fein-knows-the-real-risk-of-a- Gaeltacht community. One of its notable SDLP MLA Pat Ramsey called for a prison-standoff- 16137090.html# broadcasting events was during the meeting with the secretary of state to discuss ixzz1syO7zrLS Oireachtas na nGael festival in Rosmuc. They succeeded in their campaign, the Government bowed to their demands and Raidió na Gaeltachta was set up two years later. In the beginning, 7 broadcasters provided the service within the Gaeltacht regions for 2 hours a day.40 years later and the station is now a national institution, on the air 24 hours a day, seven days a week all around the country, and in recent years internationally through the internet and satellite services. A public event was held on Easter Sunday, 8th April in Óstán an Cheathrú Rua, from which Togha agus Rogha (a listener’s choice music show) was broadcast live and the attending crowd entertained for the evening. The celebrations will continue over the next couple of months with one-off programmes and concerts, and the highlight will take place in May when the Kate Nash, Jerry McGlinchey, Mons. Raymond Murray, and Pat Ramsey MLA, President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, leading the demonstration calling for the release of Marian Price. will visit the station’s headquarters in Casla, cementing the importance and the ongoing detention of Ms Price. “It is The Celtic League has highlighted the status of Raidió na Gaeltachta in the lives fairly obvious that 12 months of solitary Marian Price case with the Secretary of State of Gaeilgeoirí all over the country, and confinement has taken its toll. The SDLP are for Northern Ireland, Owen Patterson. See now, the world. of the opinion she should be released. There press release on www.celticleague.net . We is something not right if we have senior would ask all members of the Celtic League consultants telling us this lady should be in a to write to ask for the immediate release of hospital environment and the justice minister Marian Price and two others detained in is being told something else.” similar circumstances, Martin Corey, and A supporter of the dissident republicans Gerry McGeough. You can send a letter or stated “In the past year and a half there has email to Owen Patterson MP Secretary of been a concerted effort by the British State for Northern Ireland, House of Seán Ó hÉanaigh who, with Mairi Anna Government to silence opponents of the Commons, London, SW1A 0AA, England or Nic Ualraig linking in from BBC Radio Good Friday Agreement, known in the media [email protected] or to David Ford nan Gaidheal. Alba, co-presents a as Dissident Republicans. In the English MLA, Justice Minister, Room 221, programme with an interceltic flavour, media dissidents in countries like China, Parliament Buildings, Ballymiscaw, Sruth na Maoile, with Irish and Scottish Burma and Libya are portrayed as people we Stormont, Belfast, BT4 3XX, Ireland or music and songs in Irish and Gàidhlig. must support, however in Ireland, being a [email protected] dissident means that you must be stopped at

16 Carn mellys orth Godhelek, kyn fe politek po gonisogethel po liennek. Marr ha Gillies a fondyas an Kesunyans Kenedhlek Albanek (SNL) warbarth yn 1920. Kernow An SNL yw onan a’n chapters an moyha a vri yn hwedhel kynsa dedhyow Kenedhlogeth, hag an moyha a vri a’n lies bagas may feu Erskine a Varr omvyskys gansa. An SNL a synsi ynno dres oll Ruaraidh Arascain is Mhàirr kenedhlogoryon trigys yn Loundres ha selys o war remenantow diwettha inkarnatyans Kesunyans an Uheldiryow (Highland Land Kenedhlekter Albanek arnowyth re beu poblans iseldirek, amkan may sewenis dre League). An chyf diffrans ynter an SNL ha’n kuhudhys yn fenowgh ha gans y skoodhory- vras, redys a-les del o gans an kledh Albanek. SHRA (Kowethas Albanek Rewl Teythyek) on ha gans y arvreusysi a vos re dhidheurys Kyn re bia ev pub prys gorthpredennek ha o an SNL dhe skoodhya anserhogeth gans erbysieth, orth kost a wonisogeth. Ny’s gorthvreselek, ny via ev bykken socyeler hag Albanek hag a synsi yn y eseleth tevo yeth yn arbennek an rol gresel yn yn 1906 ev re dhenaghas socyelogeth avel Keltegydhyon dre vras. kenedhlekter Albanek an ugensves kans- “kryjyans preydherek”. Byttegyns, del hevel, Ny gavas an SNL dalleth da awos y vos vledhen del re’s tevo yn Kembra hag yn yth esa Erskine ow mos ha bos moy ha moy selys yn Loundres ha spena moy termyn y’n Iwerdhon. Byttegyns, yth esa pub prys elven gwreydhyelhes a-dro dhe dermyn an vresel, kynsa bledhynnyow ow tadhla hag owth genedhlogek Godhalek a-ji dhe’n omsav bresel deskrifys ganso avel “kasadow… argemynna savla Iwerdhon ha huni Alban. anserhogeth re’s teva amkan a dhri anewn… skollyek … kilwelek” (Guth na Byttegyns, yn despit dh’y fowtys, an SNL a Godhalek dhe voward an rol negys politek. Bliadhna). besya yn kres an bledhynnyow 1920 dhe vos Yn kynsa bledhennyow an omsav kenedhlek Delanwesow troboyntel prys an bresel yn ha bos nerth a vri yn politegieth kenedhlo- ordenys, yth esa unn den neb a’n jevo meur displegyans socyalogeth Marr o Sordyans an gek. Yn 1926 y talathas an Anserheger a vri awos y jalenj rag omsav Godhalek Pask ha’n Domhwelyans Russek, hag a weli Albanek (Scots Independent) avel organ an kenedhlek yn Alban, a via par a Sinn Féin ha ev dhe vos gorthemperourethek ha dhe SNL yn-dann gespennskriforyon Liam Conradh na Gaeilge (Kowethas an skoodhya omervirans. Erskine o onan a’n Gillies ha’y vab Iain Gillies. An SNL a Iwerdhonek). Hemm o an kenedhloger a’n bohes a’n kledh Albanek dhe skoodhya sor- skoodhya ynwedh kaws an unnses kenedhlo- kledh Ruaraidh Erskine, po – del o gwell dyans 1916 hag ev a wre devnydh a’n gek y’n furv a barti politek kenedhlogek, ganso – Ruaraidh Arascain is Mhàirr. Daswel Albanek rag kyhwedhla nowodhow kaws a via sewen yn 1928 pan wrussa an Erskine a veu genys yn Brighton yn 1869, Sinn Féin. Ynwedh ev a assaya avonsya Kesunyans omjunya gans SHRA ha nessa mab an pympes Arludh Erskine neb kevrennow ynter Alban hag Iwerdhon yn unn Kowethas Kenedhlogel Albanek Pennskol esa ow servya ena yn kaslu sowsnek. Y flo- assaya selya paper nowodhow mellek keltek Glasgow (GUSNA) rag furvya an NPS holeth a veu spenys yn Keredin hag yn y Albanek hag iwerdhonek war-barth hag Art (National Party of Scotland – ‘Parti yowynkneth ev a dhyskas Godhelek yn freth O’Brien, gidyer Kesunyans Omerviransek Kenedhlek Alban’). a’y vagores Hebridek. Hag ev tevesik Iwerdhon (Irish Self Determination League) Erbynn termyn fondya an NPS, Erskine e yowynk Erskine a dhalathas skrifa hag ev yn Breten Veur. ha bos figur le posek yn politegieth eth ha bos figur lyha a lien yn Loundres. Orth diwedh an vresel, y ledyas Marr assay kenedhlogel. Ha moy a genedhlogoryon Politegieth eth ha bos bern bras dhe’n may fo dhe Alban y honan kannas dhe bennfrosek tennys dhe’n SNL, an Geltegysi Erskine yowynk hag yn 1892 ev eth ha bos Geskussulyans Kres Paris, assay heb sewena y’n bagas a dheuth ha bos yn minorita ha’n islewydh a’n SHRA (Kowethas Rewl wor’tiwedh, hag a waynyas skoodhyans efan messach kenedhlogel Godhelek o tanowhes. Teythyek Albanek), kowethas a vedra kavos a Eseli Senedh Lavur “Clydeside Rudh” y’ga Hemm o a kas a-berth an NPL yn arbennik senedh Albanek a-berth y’n Emperoureth mysk John MacLean meur y vri. mayth esa Marr ha’y dhyskyblon yn minori- Predennek. Keffrysyas politek aral Erskine o y goweth ta a’n dalleth. Nyns o politegieth Erskine kehaval orth an Liam Gillies (1865-1932) a veu genys yn Ha Marr settys moy ha moy a-denewen y’n re a’n SHRA ha dyworth penn an gansvled- Loundres dhe gerens Albanek hag omvyskys omsav kenedhlogel, yth hevel y vrys dhe hen ev eth ha bos moy ha moy omres dhe o ev yn ogas ha pub bywder yn Loundres vera war-tu ha ragdresow politek erel. War- dowlen bolitek fest moy gwreydhyel, henn barth ha Hugh MacDiarmid, ev a lonchyas an yw anserhogeth Albanek ha’n dasserghyans lyver termyn kenedhlogel berr y vywnans a Wodhelek dres Alban oll. Kenedhlekter Daswel Pyktek (1927-8). Yn 1929 fondyer o Erskine o pan-keltek ynwedh hag ev a grysi ev a Gesunyans Keltek berr y vywnans, yn keffrysyans hag ynno oll an hwegh bro restrans a besya a-dro dhe unn vledhen na geltek. Rann aral a vri a’y skians politek o allas askorra saw unn lyvrik hepken. Yn kryjyans may fe unn parti politek kenedhlo- 1930, wosa gwryth wann an NPS y’n gek. Ogas ha certan yw y feu Erskine neb a etholans ollgemmyn a’n vledhen gyns, Hugh omgemeras dyllans an “Dowlen rag Parti MacDiarmid, war-barth ha Ruaraidh Erskine Albanek” gans “John, Earl of Marr” yn 1907 ha Compton MacKenzie, a formyas Clann hag a elwis rag an daswrians a gemenieth Alban. I a vynnas bos Clann Alban omsav Wodheleger y’n Uheldiryow ha rag prov a kudh domhwelus ha kenedhlogek ha dhedhi, wodhvos a Wodhelek rag oll an re a synsi del leverys, towlow a sesya an Men a Denkys soodh a’n stat yn Alban. ha degemeres Kastel Keredin po Ynys Rùm. Tybyansow Marr a vedha avonsys der aray Byttegyns, ny seweni an restrans ma. a lyvrow termyn a dhylli ev hag yn Sowsnek Ny ylli Erskine akordya gans strateji NPS a hag yn Godhelek. An moyha a vri a’n sevel rag dewisyans dhe Westminster. Ow lyvrow termyn ma o Guth na Bliadhna yn krysi bos polici omhedhans Sinn Féin an tiwyethek (1904-1905) ha’n Daswel unsel fordh a gowlwul Rewl Tre, Erskine a Albanek yn Sowsnek (1914-1920). An skrifas erthygel a guhudha an NPS a vos Daswel Albanek a veu selys rag may fe “kesoberyek” y’n Alban Arnowyth yn 1930 gwelvaow Erskine moy hedhadow dhe’n Liam Mac Gille Íosa (Liam Gillies). hag ev a removas dhe Bow Frynk Dyhow.

Carn 17 Kyn fewas ev bys dhe 1960, mar vras o didolans Erskine gans an movyans kenedhlo- Why don’t we stop feeding gel ma na gemeras ev bythkweth rann vyth yn politegieth Albanek. Kyn hwra nebes a bolicis Erskine, evel y the trolls? Jakobegieth, heveli bos nebes gis koth y’n dydhyow ma, y gryjyansow a-dro dhe Unionist arguments claim that we are financially better off within the U.K. but such Wodhelek a vira a-rag yn hwir hag yw fest arguments do not stand up to scrutiny. Under international law, much of the oil extracted haval orth an welva a lies gweythresydh from the North Sea is within Scottish waters, but the money seems to go to Westminster. yethek a-lemmyn. Ny’n jeva dout Erskine Cornwall, despite being the poorest region of the U.K. receives so much in aid, but bos Godhelek, kewsys kyns oll a-derdro Cornwall still pays more than it receives, and it goes to the exchequer in Westminster, to Alban, poosek gans Alban oll. Yn dyllans the net loss to Cornwall of £600 per head per year! We can assume that a similar pattern Kynyav 1912 Guth na Bliadhna ev a skrifas: prevails in Wales where similar arguments are used against autonomy. (Imagine if Wales “Dhe witha an omsav Godhelek strothys actually received the money for all the water in their daily “gift” to Birmingham?) dhe’n Uheldiryow a via, a pe hewul – ha Meanwhile, the London banking system remains corrupt with the current global financial nyns yw – polici omladhek yn hwir”. Del crisis generated by bankers gambling with your money, then getting bailed out with more grysi Erskine ynwedh, y tegoodh dhe’n of your money and carrying on as before. The conditions that created the crisis have not omsav Godhelek bos onan politek ha breusel gone away, and the bankers still pay themselves huge bonuses with money taken from you. o ev a’n Comunn Gàidhealach (Kowethas The Occupy movement has many detractors, but one thing they have got right; our Godhalek) ha korfow erel a avonsya dre vras current system is not working. Usually accused of failing to provide any solution to this ilow hag gwedhow erel a’n wonisogeth wod- situation, they have generated at least one simple one- stop feeding the trolls. Instead of us helek dre Sowsnek yn le avoncya an yeth. Yn giving our money to the rich bankers to play fast and loose with our money, transfer our 1904 ev re arvreussa an plegyans kemmyn: accounts to the many credit unions that are regulated like the banks, but managed by their “…dhe dhyghtya an omsav yethek avel neb members and keep your money local? gwariel – avel hoba gwiw rag gorthuherow While all of the economic arguments mainly apply to those Celtic lands still shackled to gwav tewl, po avel askus rag “kuntelyansow the corruption in Westminster, the corrupt banks operate in all of the Celtic lands. If we kowethasek” may hyllir omvodhya yn te ha stop feeding the trolls, it is not the solution but it is one step, one way that we as Celts can kyhwedhlow (an brassa rann yn Sowsnek) begin to reclaim our selves and make a difference on an individual, community and .[…] Termyn leun yw lemmyn ragon ni dhe international level. hepkorr agan gwariow – dhe dhiwedha byn- Ireland’s credit unions face strong criticism (see www.irishcuvoice.com) but it is worth nari agan flows romansek gwra-travyth oll noting that 3million of Ireland’s 4.5million population hold accounts with credit unions. a-dro dhe gordhow ha “Pennsevik Charli They are widely seen as the people’s bank and while they too need bailing out, they are to Brav” hag omri yn sad dhe negys.” need only 1bn Euros in their bail out across 407 credit unions, while the banks needed Y’n gordhiwedh, res yw leverel Erskine 63billion Euros. This simple comparison suggests that while some credit unions are more dhe dhegemeras dyghtyans pur gemyskys reliable than others, the sector as a whole is still vastly more stable than the banking sector. y’n lyvrow istori. An Istorior H.M. Hanham For Scotland, see the Scottish League of Credit Unions (www.scottishcu.org). There are a’n henow “onan a’n genedhlogoryon an twenty-two credit unions operating in Wales moyha abel ha lel dh’y bennrewlys re beu (http://wales.gov.uk/topics/housingandcommunity/regeneration/debt/affordcredit). askorrys gans Alban bys dhe lemmyn”. Rag Beware of bogus credit unions operating in the Isle of Man, check they are registered with an achesonyow ma, gwell yw mires orth the Financial Supervision Commission (www.fsc.gov.im). Cornwall has an association of Ruaraidh Arascain is Mhàirr avel den neb esa credit unions (www.cornishcreditunions.co.uk) and Brittany has at least one (www.breizh- ow mires yn kettermyn hag yn-rag hag a- credit.fr) dryv. Kows a-dro dhe agh ha Jakobegieth yn Again, this is not a solution, but it is perhaps the road to a solution and maybe a small sampel yw moy y’n gis a kenedhlogieth a’n step towards our own money benefiting our own communities rather than providing nownsegves kansbledhen ages a’n ugensves. bankers’ with their inflated bonuses? Nowyttha o y skoodhyans a anserhogeth, Matt Blewett polici nag o synsys yn manifesto an SNP bys wosa an Nessa Bresel an Norvys. Na res ankevi y vos onan a’n kynsa neb a elwis rag furvyans a barti unys kenedhlogek y’n kynsa THE INDEPENDENCE EFFECT le. Tybyans a Gesunyans Keltek politek o a- dherag y dermyn ha ny veu fondys an With the Scottish independence referendum Kesunyans Keltek del y’n aswonnyn lemmyn moving ever closer and the Welsh bys yn 1961. government securing more law making powers last year in their own referendum, there is a growing interest from the media in Summary what the knock on effect will be for Ruaraidh Erskine of Marr’s importance to Cornwall. A number of journalists have the history of Scottish nationalism and the contacted activists within the Cornish Gàidhlig. He helped set up the NPS, prede- movement in recent months to find out more cessor of the SNP, the Scottish Home Rule about the strength of nationalist feeling. Association, the Scots National League, and Only last month a Russian television crew the Highland Land League, which fought for from Vesti TV visited Cornwall to film the St crofters’ civil rights and the breaking up of Piran march in Truro and interview various the large estates. He was a powerful cam- people, ‘The Times’ newspaper sent touch again later in the year to make a paigner for Gàidhlig, and was responsible journalists to write about the nationalist programme, then a journalist for the Japanese for the earliest journalism and novel in the movement, BBC News Night contacted the daily newspaper, ‘The Asahi Shimbun’, language. He also proposed a Celtic League General Secretary (GS) of the League interviewed the GS and several others for an decades before it actually happened. wanting to know more about the Cornish article being written about devolution in the movement and said that they would be in UK.

18 Carn these figures. Are people in Cornwall increasingly feeling antagonised by the lack Growth in Declaration of Cornish Nationality of recognition for their Cornish identity, which has resulted in a growing surge of In 2006 the category ‘Cornish’ was of Cornish national identity, but this is to Cornish expression or are people finally introduced on the Pupil Level Annual School over simplify a complex issue. The role of feeling more confident about expressing Census (PLASC) survey for the first time culture in the development of a Cornish themselves as Cornish? It could also be the and since that point the number of pupils consciousness should not be under estimated case of course that the younger generation being recorded as ‘Cornish’ on the survey in Cornwall. Cultural sporting pastimes such feel more Cornish than their forebears. has been increasing. This figure has risen as rugby, wrestling, hurling and surfing are Whatever the case, the results of the 2012 from 24% and 37% was recorded in 2010. not distinctly Cornish, but are seen by many PLASC survey and the 2011 Census will This was extrapolated to suggest as many as to be typical Cornish pursuits. Cornish make for interesting reading. 200,000 people consider themselves Cornish dialect, pasties, tourism, the prominence of R Tal-e-bot – over five times as many suggested by the Methodist chapels and standing stones will 2001 Census. This anomaly is more all be familiar aspects of a child’s everyday profound when other factors are taken into understanding of the place they know as Cornwall Still account. Cornwall, but how that understanding manifests itself into the self identification on Poor! the PLASC survey as Cornish is not clear. Article 8 of the United Nations Convention Recent figures from the European on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) states Commission show that Cornwall and that Governments shall respect the right of a the Isles of Scilly are still among the child to preserve his/her identity, but even poorest areas of the EU despite though the UK Government are signatories receiving over a billion pounds of aid of the Convention and 41% of children in from the European Union since the mid Cornwall identify themselves as Cornish on 1990’s. The European cash seems to have done little to alleviate Cornwall’s the PLASC survey, schools in Cornwall are dire economic problems with the latest not obliged to teach the Cornish language, figures revealing that Cornwall’s GDP heritage and culture as part of the curriculum In 2002 an application to the Secretary was 71.9% for 2009 - 3% below the EU in order to help meet the requirements General of the Council of Europe was made average. This means that Cornwall is highlighted in the UNCRC unlike Scotland by the UK Government on the inclusion of poorer than parts of the Eastern or Wales. Cornish under the European Charter for European countries, including Romania, Like Scotland, Wales has a long history of Regional or Minority Languages and the Bulgaria and the Czech Republic and conflict with the English and that the Welsh Council of Europe accepted this application. compares unfavourably with the County people traditionally regard themselves as of Devon, which had a GDP in 2009 of The Cornish language Partnership was set up being part of a Celtic nation and a geographic 86.5% of the EU average. in 2005 “to promote and support the Cornish minority within Britain. This argument can Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly will language” and one of its main achievements similarly be applied to the Cornish, but the therefore qualify for another round of was the agreement of a Standard Written Cornish as a geographic minority grouping EU funding over the next seven years, Form of Cornish in 2008. However the within Britain have traditionally been equivalent to £410 million number of fluent speakers is small and excluded from such arguments. In Wales, it One ex Liberal Democrat Member of widely spread preventing a nucleus of fluent is argued that young people can grow up in a Parliament, Lord Robin Teverson, said speakers forming. local majority culture and at the same time be that Cornwall “needed to get off the life The Cornish are not recognized as a support” – a move that would no doubt part of a minority culture within a wider distinct group under the Framework drag the economy into further recession societal context. In Cornwall this idea is Convention for the Protection of National in the current economic climate! different in that Cornish people are part of a Minorities (FCPNM). The inclusion of the local minority culture within a minority Cornish under the terms of the FCPNM’s culture within a wider societal context. If would allow a sizable minority of people in some form of crisis is needed to resolve Cornwall who regard their identity as Mebyon Kernow issues of identity then the Cornish – at both a Cornish some form of protection. local and wider level are certainly that A separate tick box option has never been people. Members Visit Plaid included on the ONS Census for Cornish ethnicity, although it has been recorded. Cymru Conference Since 1961 migration into Cornwall has accelerated, compared to most other regions MK party members travelled to the Plaid of the UK. So it would be logical to believe Cymru Spring Conference in Ffos Las that fewer children would be self- Racecourse near Llanelli in March 2012 identifying/identifying as ‘Cornish’ on the in what is becoming a regular event in the PLASC survey’s than current results calendar of MK activists. Over the last indicate. With such minimal official few years members of both MK and Plaid recognition, protection and promotion from As noted above when there are so many Cymru have attended and spoken at each successive UK governments, a severe lack of factors seemingly working against the free other’s party conferences. At the 2011 political and economic devolution compared expression of the Cornish to assert their MK conference in Bodmin, Plaid Member to the other Celtic countries, a surprising identity, why an increasing number of of the UK Parliament Jonathan Edwards feature of the Cornish is not that fact that children are being recorded as Cornish on the was invited to address delegates and in they are in a minority, but that they exist at PLASC survey is certainly worth exploring. 2010, MK Leader Dick Cole addressed all. At the same time it is worth trying to Plaid’s pre election conference in The ‘persistence of difference’ in Cornwall determine how and where the role of the Cardydd/Cardiff. could indeed by solely attributed to a sense family has contributed to the increase in

Carn 19 cairys heshoil, shassoo ry cheilley as boodeeys. T’ee bentyn da coreggyrtys, cha nee preevaadjaghey. T’ee bentyn da possanyn dy scoillyn gobbraghey ry cheilley Mannin marish y co-phobble er aght strateishagh gys feesh rheynnit jeh ynsagh share.’ Ta tooilley scoillyn er jeet ry cheilley dy yannoo dossyn as er ngoaill ayns laue dy ve nyn dreishtyn co-obbragh. Ta Mark Clutsom Y Chorn noi’n Cho-reiltys Goaldagh ny ard-ynseyder ec Bunscoill Upton Cross, scoill-çheerey veg as ny sloo na shiaghtad Roish screeu mychione scoillyn sy Chorn, lhoobaght jeh rheynn argid as skimmee ynseydee aynjee. T’ee shirveishagh ard- lhig dou gra dy vel mee er naa-vioghey yn marish scoillyn sy nabooys. Ta treishtyn goll eirinys ta skeaylt harrish Reeast Bodmin. cedilla! Va mee goaill aggle nagh beagh er stiurey myr sheshaghtyn coreggyrtagh ta Haink eh dys y vriwnys dy nee cur treisht co- sleih ennagh abyl eh y chlou, agh nish ta mee freayll shirveish-ynsee ta deynlagh – obbragh er bun va’n ynrican aght dy livrey daaney dy liooar eh y chur erash. shirveish raad oddys skimmee, paarantyn, curriglym lhean da e ynseydee, red nagh dod She Screeudeyr Ynsee y Cho-reiltys ynseydee as y co-phobble gra myr possanyn agh bunscoillyn mooarey jannoo. Dooyrt Goaldagh Michael Gove. Sleih casley rhym corrym cre’n aght lhisagh scoillyn goll er Mnr Clutsom: ‘Cha nel treisht cho-obbragh pene va cliaghtey fakin y fer agglagh shoh er stiurey. caghlaa ny conaantyn ta’n skimmee claare ny h-ellynyn oie Jeheiney er BBC2 Jon Lawrence, ard-ynseyder ec Scoill Sir gobbraghey fo – t’ee niartaghey as formoiley paart dy vleeantyn er dy henney, gyn ourys James Smith ayns Camelford, she eshyn va’n yn obbyr erbashtal t’er ve fo raad harrish y ta ram jin goaill yindys dy vel pooar dy chied ard-ynseyder sy Chorn dy ghoaill ayns Chorn’. Nish, ta ny shlee treishtyn co- liooar ec y toot sonaasagh shoh sy reiltys laue yn coarys co-obbragh. Ren eh co- obbragh sy Chorn na academeeyn. Ta’n smoo Thoreeagh t’er ve ayns Lunnin rish obbraghey marish yn NASUWT dy Chorn soilshaghey magh dy vel feesh-ynsee ymmodee bleeantyn. Agh foddee nagh chummey treisht ren shickyraghey dy row ayn ta freayll y spyrryd jeh ynsagh-steat, lhisagh shin goaill yindys: she reiltys feer faill as conaantyn ashoonagh er nyn vreayll, feesh ta cur ny femeyn jeh skimmee-scoill as varb as almoragh t’ayn, ta currit da daa eie- as dy row bree ec sheshaghtyn-keirdey ynseydee kiart ec e cree. oaylleaght nyn lomarcan: cur ooashley da bentyn da barganey. Dooyrt Mnr Lawrence: Cha nodmayd cur y loght er Michael Gove boght son academeeyn ny lomarcan. Va’n eie argid as tranlaasey sleih boght. Ta Gove ‘Cur er scoillyn dy ve nyn academeeyn, cha jeh academeeyn snaue mygeayrt ayns lhing jeeaghyn gollrish as loayrt gollrish yn ard- nel shen croo anchaslys as cur reih er e Tony Blair – y Trass Aght as ooilley yn yilley ayns scoill Hostnagh son gillyn hoshiaght. Dy bunneydagh, t’eh noi cooishyn voghtynid shen. Agh ta loght mooar er Gove. berçhagh. Agh she dooinney feer ghaueagh ynnydagh as t’eh noi deynlaght – t’eh cur Casley rish ram politickeyryn Sostnagh t’eh t’ayn, dy jarroo. T’eh jannoo e chooid share smaght er ynsagh ayns ny laueyn jeh possan graihagh er goll gys çheeraghyn elley, dy stroie scoillyn y phobble t’ayns Sostyn feer veg. Ta’n coarys co-obbragh cur cryss jeeaghyn er ny reddyn t’ad jannoo ayns nish as dy chur colleishyn-Gove syn ynnyd hauaillagh dooin – caghlaays ta dy firrinagh scoillyn, as çheet erash gys Sostyn dy chur oc. T’eh gra ‘academies’ rish ny colleishyn so-chummal seose, ta cur ablid da sleih shoh. S’treih yn red eh dy vel y Chorn bree da ny h-eieyn Thoreeagh echey hene - ynnydagh dy obbraghey ry cheilley ry hoi lhiggey er dy daink ny h-eieyn shen veih coontit dy ve ny h-ayrn jeh Sostyn as dy vod yrjaghey stundayrtyn – as dy hauail scoillyn- Gove cur yn olk er ny Cornee. çheeraghyn joarree. Ta Gove gra dy vel eh çheerey beggey.’ jannoo arrish er eieyn veih’n Toolynn as veih Ayns y Chorn, tra hug Gove toshiaght da’n She yn Dr Pat McGovern ard-ynseyder çhalee echey, dooyrt kuse dy h-ard- Finnlynn. Agh ny ‘scoillyn Soolynnagh’ t’eh Colleish Co-phobble Helston. T’eh gra dy son cur er bun ayns Sostyn, ta ny Soolynnee ynseyderyn dy row ad arryltagh goaill cruinn: ‘She shirveish heayagh yn ynsagh, Skillin y Ree – v’ad aarloo dy chaglaa nyn gra nagh bee ‘scoillyn Soolynagh’ Gove oddys çhebbal cairys sheshoil da dy casley rish scoillyn Soolynnagh. As, creid eh scoillyn dy ve nyn golleishyn-Gove. Hug chooilley pheiagh. Cre’n aght oddys peiagh shen broo mooar er scoillyn faggys daue y ny dyn, ta Gove coontey ram jeh scoillyn erbee ve daaney dy liooar dy chur ny scoillyn Finnlynnagh. Coardail rish gagh scrutaght red cheddin y yannoo. Agh hass ard- ain da possan beg dy leih nagh jagh er reih ec eddyrashoonagh, ta ny scoillyn Finnlynnagh ynseyderyn elley dy dunnal noi caghlaa ny y theay – possan phoint ad hene? Scoillyn ta mastey ny scoillyn share sy teihll. Agh cha scoillyn oc gys academeeyn. Ghow ny h-ard- çheet dy ve nyn academeeyn, t’ad çheet dy nel Finnlynn gollrish Sostyn er chor erbee. ynseyderyn toshiaght dy smooinaghtyn ve neu-chrogheydagh, t’ad gobbraghey ayns Ayns Finnlynn, cha nel paitçhyn goll er mychione cur er bun coarys-ynsee sauçhey boayl-margee. Myr shen, foddee ad brishey ynsaghey dy formoil derrey t’ad shiaght veagh coadey yn fallsoonys jeh ynsagh-steat seose coarys ashoonagh. Ta’n Treisht Cho- bleeaney dy eash. Cha nel prowallyn ny as credjue firrinagh ayns co-phobbleyn. obbragh er ny cur er bun er co-obbraghey, scrutaghtyn erbee ec paitçhyn Finnlynnagh Shimmey scoill veg t’ayns y Chorn, as dy derrey t’ad faagail scoill, bunnys. Ta staydys mennick ta ny scoillyn beggey shoh ayns ard ec ynseyderyn Finnlynnagh, ta cosney buill fadaneagh. Yn aght ta scoillyn geddyn argid mie. As ayns Finnlynn, cha nel monney argid (coardail rish formley ayns Sostyn), anchaslys eddyr sleih berçhagh as sleih nagh v’eh jannoo baggyrt dy ragh scoillyn beggey vel cho berçhagh. Cha nel ooilley yn fysseree sy Chorn er dooney. Hoig y lught-reill shen mychione Finnlynn ry chlastyn voish ynnydagh nagh voddagh ad cur argid son dy Gove. Booise da Jee dy vel Cornee shassoo bragh dy chummal scoillyn beggey foshlit. noi yn dooinney atçhimagh shoh. Begin red ennagh y yannoo dy chummal ny scoillyn shoh myr ayrn jeh ny co-phobbleyn Summary ynnydagh oc. Y feaysley – çheet dy ve nyn There is resistance in Cornwall to the ayrnyn jeh treishtyn co-obbragh (co- dictatorial actions of the London coalition operative trusts). government in forcing schools to become so- Çheet dy ve ny ayrn jeh treisht cho- called ‘academies’ – a major pet project of obbragh, shen aght da scoill dy hannaghtyn the hyperactive Michael Gove, the ayns boodeeys marish lught-reill ynnydagh Dr Pat McGovern ard-ynseyder Colleish coalition’s education boss. as, ec y traa cheddin, cosney yn foays as so- Co-phobble Helston. Brian Stowell

20 Carn PUBLIC PROTEST OVER EDUCATION CUTS

There has not been such public anger They were further advised not to sign approved a scheme which will not be debated expressed for many a year in the Isle of Man. petitions nor attend demonstrations. This is nor voted upon. Stuart Dobson, Chief We expected a tough budget, since the UK intimidation and bullying, and the Executive of the Dept. of Education and informed us that we had been receiving more Department’s Chief Executive Officer, Children presented the scheme. Mr. Butt sent than our share of VAT (which is controlled Stuart Dobson, quickly back-pedalled. As if a summary of the decisions in the report to by and reimbursed to the Isle of Man to pre-empt any possible trouble, he stated me with his own comments as follows: Government by the UK under a reciprocal that teachers in the Isle of Man had a ‘no The DEC will provide a voucher p.a. of agreement). Nevertheless, the public was strike’ agreement. This is incorrect, Manx £350 per child (not means tested) and for shocked and furious at the choice of cuts. unions have only agreed not to call strikes those entitled to free meals £1,150 p.a. The The 2012 budget is considered to be one that over pay as the Department agrees to pay service will be given over to private most hurts the young, the old and the settlements agreed in the UK! providers. DEC school premises will be vulnerable. Chief Minister, Alan Bell ruled During the budget speech, Minister Karran available for rent to providers. Private sector out any change in the tax system which made a false allegation of leaking the news charges vary between £2.83 and £11 per favours the rich (no tax is paid on earnings in against fellow education member and hour, per child. Providers would be excess of £100,000) and he hopes to attract opponent of the cuts, Dudley Butt MLC. Mr encouraged to follow the present curriculum. more super-rich to the Island, so that they Karran was forced to make an ill-graced There is no means of enforcing that they do may build their big bespoke mansions in retraction but the damage was done and Mr so. The DEC will no have responsibility for large private grounds, away from the “hoi Butt resigned from the Department the next the curriculum nor any input. polloi” of England, where they conduct most day. A motion to defer the cuts for further With cost of rent included, the £350 of their business. consideration failed. voucher would provide 49.5 sessions of 2.5 A pre-budget ‘leak’ to the media on hours per year (cheapest provider) and 12.7 Thursday 16th February revealed that the sessions (dearest). The £1150 voucher would eleven state-funded pre-school classes were provide 162 sessions or 41.8 respectively. to close. Links were swiftly posted on social Enquiries by Mr. Butt revealed, “Jersey network sites, sparking an unprecedented now provides, at no cost, 760 hours of deluge of letters, emails, and phone calls to teacher led curriculum based Early Years Tynwald members, condemning these cuts. Education (EYE) in their schools and from Online petitions immediately started. private providers and are led and financed by The following day, and only after much their Department of Education. I have pressure from various quarters, Education spoken to the Jersey Education officers and Minister, Peter Karran, (Liberal Vannin) asked how they can afford such a quantity of confirmed the cuts in a poorly prepared press hours when they did their Cost Reduction conference. They include closure of the Review (they have budget problems as well). Family and Rural Library service and Bride They decided to make EYE a top priority. School. He stated that the closure of England and Scotland now both provide 570 preschools was deeply regrettable but that it hours free per year of teacher led curriculum was not a ‘political’ decision, rather one of based on EYE. My only reason for ‘fairness’ as it is not a universal provision supporting EYE is because it has been (the pres-school classes had very tight proved to break cycles of poverty and geographic catchment areas). Inequality through the rest of their lives”. News of the Family and Rural Mobile As to children with Special Needs or more Library closures came as another bitter blow. extreme emotional and behavioural The Family Library is an excellent facility problems, I asked what incentive private which provides many child-centred providers would have to put extra resources educational activities, apart from loaning Dudley Butt MLC. into those needs. Chris Corlett, Chief books, CDs and DVDs. It is available to all Executive of Social Care stated that Social Island residents, including teachers. The On the Saturday following the budget The Care would address it at their expense. His Rural Library provides an important service Family and Rural Library held an open day, intervention did give the impression of being to those whose access to other services is which was well attended with more protests made up ‘on the hoof ’, as did several things limited or non-existent. It also supplies to save the libraries. Letters to the press and said by the Minister of Education and Mr. books and talking books to town libraries. to members of government poured in during Dobson in response to more searching Demonstrations against the cuts were held the following weeks, confirming public questions by the Members present”. outside Government Buildings on Budget anger. Concerning the criterion of free meals, Mr day (21st February) by the Prospect Union There has been a suggestion that private Butt thought it imperfect. He said, “There (representing the library staff) and parents nurseries had been approached, long before will no doubt be children receiving free campaigning for retention of preschool news of cuts broke and the Department has meals who have supportive and involved facilities. There was good public support on repeatedly claimed that private nurseries (a parents whose children will have less need of the day, with passing motorists sounding totally different set-up) will step in to replace the benefits of EYE. Conversely, there will vehicle horns. School staff were informed of the loss. This was in order to deflect criticism be children receiving free meals, who have the closures and consequent loss of jobs in and no such plan actually existed. emotional and behavioural problems or the week leading up to the budget, but were Post event, a Council of Ministers Special Needs and need the support of early ordered by the department not to disclose Committee was set up to investigate this information on pain of instant dismissal. alternatives and this committee has now Continued on page 21

Carn 21 years, but will never have more than the £350 voucher”. ALAN BENNETT SUPPORTS MANX LIBRARY CAMPAIGN Other education cuts include a contribution of £5,000 towards tuition fees for university The campaign to stop cuts to library students whose courses are more than 3 provision on the island received an years; discarding Primary Modern Language unexpected boost of support this week from Service; loss of one of two health education Oscar nominated screenwriter, playwright, officers; end of free instrumental music actor and author Alan Bennett. Bennett has lessons and withdrawal of a grant to DASH been a strong supporter of campaigns to keep (Drugs Advisory Service and Helpline). libraries open in North West London, and Letters of protest and complaint have been personally sent press cuttings and a the mainstay of the letters pages of local handwritten message to campaigners here papers for the past six weeks at the time of stating: “... an interview I did for Camden writing. Some letters have suggested New Journal…says all I want to say about retention of primary French and instead, libraries – and which applies equally to the scrapping the voluntary Manx lessons, and Isle of Man as to NW1. All good wishes and questioning the existence of Bunscoill with every support, Alan Bennett” Ghaelgagh. Fortunately the latter costs no Bennett has indicated in interviews that more to the public purse than any other children are vital users of libraries and the school. importance of free access to books for a Chief Minister Bell has forewarned of lifetime cannot be underestimated – further cuts in education, leaving all particularly for those without access to Angela Moffatt teachers feeling very vulnerable. The computers. Department has grown out of all proportion Angela Moffatt, Negotiations Officer for Members of the public have set up an to the increase in population, with an army Prospect stated: “It was pretty unexpected to online petition to save the library services at of civil servants, a Director of Education be honest – and was sent in a recycled http://www.petitionbuzz.com/petitions/iomf and now a Chief Executive. Seems like a envelope and with a postcard of the amilylibrary. great deal of empire building to me! Gone Yorkshire Dales. So a very efficient and A Facebook group has been created to save are the days when it was run in a small quick response from him! I think the the libraries - office in Strand Street, with a director, an opinions he has expressed on library closures https://www.facebook.com/groups/3646395 advisor and a handful of clerks. It ran in the UK are almost weirdly in sync with the 90222322/ - Libraries perfectly well then. I know very well where situation here. Website – www.saveourlibrary.co.uk any other ‘necessary’ cuts should be, but I think the question here is whose opinion Paper petitions can be obtained by emailing that’s unlikely to happen! do you trust more on this? Alan Bell? Or [email protected] CJK Alan Bennett?” CORNISH NEWS IN BRIEF

Pasty Tax Waste Incinerator Plans A proposed increase in the VAT of hot snacks to 20% in the UK Budget potentially means that Cornwall’s best loved daily snack – the Cornish pasty – could soon be out of Reinstated the budget of many ordinary Cornish folk. As many readers of Carn will know, the Cornish Following the rejection of plans to construct a waste pasty has become a national symbol of Cornwall and an internationally recognised part of incinerator in St Dennis by the High Court in 2010, the Cornish culture. In 2011 the European Commission awarded the Cornish pasty the much- plans have now been approved at an Appeal Court. The coveted protected geographical indication (PGI) status, which means that Cornish pasties campaign to stop the incinerator being built has been cannot be called ‘Cornish’ unless they have been made in Cornwall. The award was the ongoing since plans were introduced in 2002. Campaigners culmination of a long-term campaign of which the Kernow branch of the League was part. have fought a long hard battle against the incinerator, In addition to the financial cost for ordinary people, the tax will affect the hundreds of businesses in Cornwall that are linked to the making and/or selling of pasties in a Cornish which has included a public inquiry and taking the case to economy that is severely under pressure at the best of times. various courts. In one instance UK Conservative Party Supporters are being asked to sign an online UK government petition or write to their Minister Eric Pickles granted permission for the incinera- Member of Parliament calling for the government to reconsider its proposal. Supporters tor, even after campaigners had been successful in democ- can even buy ‘Say No to the Pasty Tax’ t-shits in a campaign that is not going to be ratically quashing the plans. Minister Pickles later revealed dropped by Cornish people easily. that he knew nothing about the incinerator and hadn’t even seen the report. Cornish Language DVD for Learners A DVD of Cornish language films for learners is now on sale from Mebyon Kernow – New Maga for 9.99. The Tamm ha Tamm series of films includes twelve Website Launched episodes on various topics such as the weather, colours, in the pub, numbers and telling the time. The films are roughly five minutes long Mebyon Kernow – the Party for Cornwall (MK) and features a Cornish language learner learning and teaching and has launched its new website. The website is Cornish. designed in a simple easy to use style and pro- A taster of the films (including the scripts used in the films) can be found by visiting vides all the basic information you need to know http://www.magakernow.org.uk/Default.aspx?page=494 and can be purchased from the about the Party. Supporters can now even join new Keskewsel site http://www.keskewsel.com/www.keskewsel.coms/info.php?p=10 or MK online, so if you are not a member of the from Maga direct. Party, then visit www.mebyonkernow.org now.

22 Carn Negotiating Identities Celtica a French Perspective

A member of the Cornish Branch of the Celtic League has published a book that analyses the political discourse of two The Way Forward European left of centre nationalist parties. Negotiating Identities in Europe looks at 2011 was the golden jubilee year of the Carn – Carn will become an electronic pub- how the Scottish National Party (SNP) and Celtic League and throughout the last half lication to be produced three times a year. Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) in century members have worked tirelessly to However, it will continue to be printed until Catalonia have worked to negotiate their fulfil its constitutional aims in a way that no the end of next year (2013) while pilot e ver- identity within a European context. The other organisation has been able to achieve. sions are tested and Paypal introduced on our author, Emilie Champliaud, approaches the At the 2011 AGM several ideas about how web site. It is planned, subject to finances, debate from a less well known and often that in addition to eCarn there will be a sin- the League should develop in the future were overlooked polemic perspective by exploring gle hard copy publication once a year. presented and discussed by delegates. It was how the ERC and the SNP discursively con- l GS role – the GS will focus a significant agreed, in accordance with the League’s struct the political and social role of the proportion of time on working to achieve constitution, that a special commission European Union and whether their discourse more formal associations between the Celtic would be set up to investigate the extent of contributes to the redefinition of a European countries and maximise the benefit of having any transitional changes that the commission political and institutional identity. achieved consultative status for the League felt should be considered further. It was The book is an academic political analysis with the UN. decided that the special commission would that offers the reader an interesting perspec- tive on how each nationalist political party works to produce a distinct identity for itself in a Europe that is dominated by State poli- tics. Members of the SNP or pan Celticists in general will be interested to see how the author - who originally comes from France and wrote the book whilst studying interna- tional relations at the University of Aarhus in Denmark - presents the political dialogue of these two parties from an ‘outsiders’ view- point. Emilie said: “My interest in European nationalist movements inspired me to write this text, but I was particularly drawn to the SNP who seem to have had a love/hate rela- tionship with the European Union through- out their history. With the recent electoral success of the SNP in Scotland and the confi- dence with which they are currently operat- Three members of the Celtic League Special Commission on the way forward for the ing at all levels of government, the European League (from left) Adam Philips (Cymru Branch Secretary), Rhisiart Tal-e-bot, discourse that they have constructed for (General Secretary) and Cathal Ó Luain (Convenor), outside the Miner’s Institute in themselves, certainly seems to be working!” Rhosllanerchugo, Cymru where the commission met at the end of March. Emilie, who now lives in Cornwall, has make a number of recommendations in time l Membership – for a ‘supporter’ level of become the director of an educational charity for the AGM in 2012 where delegates would membership to be introduced at a reduced there and is also a member of the Celtic vote on the proposals made. Since the 2011 rate of subscription League. AGM members of the commission have dis- l Celtic League News – for Celtic League R. Tal-e-Bot cussed a range of ideas and held a meeting in News items to be given more prominence Rhosllannerchrugog, Cymru (where the and a web page of its own and renamed League was founded) on 31st March 2012 to Celtic Press decide on the recommendations to be pre- Further details of the above recommenda- sented. tions will be made available to Branches over The recommendations that have been decid- the next month so that they can be discussed ed upon by the Special Commission centre on by the membership at length ahead of the four issues – Carn, the role of General 2012 AGM, which will be held in Breizh in Secretary (GS), membership and Celtic the autumn. If you would like to be part of League news. At the AGM it was agreed that the discussion then please get in touch with any potential changes to the structure and your Branch Secretary or contact me using work of the League would be outlined in this the contact details on the back cover of Carn. edition of Carn, so that members and support- We look forward to working with members ers would be kept informed about the issues of the League to ensure that we can develop being discussed. Consequently a brief synop- in a way that will lead to the organisation’s sis of the proposals agreed by the Special continued success over the next fifty years. Commission to be presented at the AGM Rhisiart Tal-e-bot 2012, are set out below: General Secretary Emilie Champliaud

Carn 23 CELTIC LEAGUE FLAG Membership and Subscriptions

All those who agree with the constitution and aims of the Celtic League are eligible for membership. The membership/ sub- scription rates (including Carn) are: €24.00, Sterling £14.50, Europe (airmail) £20.00, Outside Europe £22.00. US$30.00 (US funds, cheques drawn on a US bank). For information about the Celtic League contact secretaries: ALBA. Iain Ramsay, 22 Denholm The new Celtic League flag, a composite of the flags of the Celtic Nations with the Celtic Knot Gardens Greenock PA16 6RF ,Alba in the centre, was launched by Gi Keltik, Breton Branch Secretary, at the 50th AGM of the BREIZH Gi Keltik Plougerne, Celtic League last year. The Celtic Knot, an intertwining design with six interlinked nodes BP44 -29880 Breizh/Brittany. representing the six Celtic nations, is the symbol of the Celtic League and of Celtic Unity. The [email protected] design of the new flag was proposed by Gi and agreed at the 2010 AGM and Gi undertook to have it produced to mark the 50th year of the League. Our thanks to Gi for all the effort CYMRU Adam Philips, involved and ensuring it was ready to fly outside the Town Chambers in Falkirk in 2011. 30 Parc Alun Mold, Flintshire CH7 1LQ [email protected] The flag is full flagpole size 1.8m x 1.2m, it is hoped to produce other smaller sizes soon. ÉIRE Caoimhín Ó Cadhla, 61 Ascaill € It can be obtained directly from Gi Keltik for 30 plus p&p. Address alongside this or Gairbhille, Ráth Garbh, B.Á.C 6 email: [email protected], Tel: 0033(0) 698750555 SUBS to: 33 Céide na Grianóige, Ráth We encourage all members to buy one, buy one for your friends also. All language bodies and Cúil, Co. Átha Cliath cultural bodies would be interested, ask them. Your local authority and tourist office would like [email protected] one too to welcome Celtic guests. Sports organisations and their clubs, traditional music bodies KERNOW Matt Blewett, 3, Trevarth and cultural organisations will be interested. Canvass them to buy some. Terrace, Lanner, Redruth TR16 6AG [email protected] Help us have this flag fly all over the Celtic countries! MANNIN M Kermode, c/o Thie Meanagh, 7 Michael St., Peel, IM5 1HA . Tel No: 07624 474159 Celtic League Celtic League [email protected] ENGLAND BRANCH Florence Kenna, press releases WEBSITE 72 Compton Street, London, EC1V 0BN. Those who would like Celtic League press USA Margaret Sexton, c/o P.O. Box releases via Electronic Mail can subscribe 20153, Dag Hammarshjold Postal Centre, (free of charge) to the mailing list at: www.celticleague.net New York, NY 10017. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/celtic_league INTERNATIONAL BRANCH Mark Lockerby, 12 Magherdonnag, Pony Interested in Gaelic? Fields, Port Erin, IM9 6BY, Isle of Man. International Branch Make it part of your GENERAL SECRETARY Internet Site future too… Rhisiart Tal-e-bot, http://homepages,enterprise,net/mlockerby 5 Chyandour, Resrudh/Redruth TR15 3AB. Kernow/Cornwall Email: International Branch Secretary [email protected] [email protected] EDITOR Ms P. Bridson, 33 Céide na Cli Gàidhlig Grianóige, Ráth Cúil, Co. Átha Cliath, Éire. E: [email protected] Quote this publication of a Articles for Carn should be e-mailed to free info pack from: the Editor. Appropriate photographs should be sent with them. Clì Gáidhlig Material for the next issue of Carn should 1-4 Highland Rail House, reach the Editor no later than 15th. June Independent Scots read the Academy Street, 2012. Articles sent for publication in Carn ‘Scots Independent’ Inverness, IV1 1LE. must relate to our aims. All materials copyright © Carn unless otherwise stated. Contact +44(0)1463 226710 51 Cowane Street, Stirling FK8 1JW The views expressed in Carn are not Alba/Scotland necessarily those of the editor or of the www:cli.org.uk Celtic League. Telephone Stirling 01259 730099 Website www.scotsindependent.org Email: [email protected] ISSN 0257-7860

24 Carn