Failure Engineering Artifacts
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Learning from Pipeline Failures
This document was downloaded from the Penspen Integrity Virtual Library For further information, contact Penspen Integrity: Penspen Integrity Units 7-8 Telephone: +44 (0)191 238 2200 St. Peter's Wharf Fax: +44 (0)191 275 9786 Newcastle upon Tyne Email: [email protected] NE6 1TZ Website: www.penspenintegrity.com United Kingdom WTIA/APIA Welded Pipeline Symposium Perth, Australia March 2008 LEARNING FROM PIPELINE FAILURES Hopkins, P ABSTRACT All engineering structures can fail, and oil and gas pipelines can and do fail. What can we learn from these failures, and could they have been avoided? Pipeline failures continue to occur, as pipelines present a complex mix of problems, in particular deterioration with time, changing conditions, external factors, and - as always – the ‘human’ factor. This paper emphasises that learning from pipeline failures can help us reduce these failures, and hence we should never allow a pipeline failure to pass without a thorough and wide ranging ‘lessons learnt’ exercise that is both used and shared within the pipeline community. Three major conclusions emerge from this paper: o Pipelines are a safe form of energy transportation; o Current trends indicate reducing pipeline failure rates; o Good training (knowledge transfer), a solid skills base, and strong management are key to preventing failures, but safety always starts with good design. Of particular note from recent failures is the increase in theft, sabotage and terrorist attacks. It will be difficult to reduce these failures by detection methods; therefore, prevention will be the best approach. KEYWORDS Pipeline, Oil, Gas, Failure. Damage, Defects, Theft, Sabotage, Terrorism. AUTHOR DETAILS Professor Phil Hopkins ([email protected]) is a Technical Director with Penspen Ltd., UK, and Visiting Professor at Newcastle University, UK. -
Caxton Okoh a Framework
CAXTON OKOH A FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT TO PREDICT REMAINING USEFUL LIFE OF A GAS TURBINE MECHANICAL COMPONENT SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE, TRANSPORT AND MANUFACTURING Manufacturing Department DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY, PhD Academic Year: 2013 - 2017 Supervisors: Professor Rajkumar Roy, Professor JÖrn Mehnen September 2017 SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE, TRANSPORT AND MANUFACTURING Manufacturing Department DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY, PhD Academic Year 2013 - 2017 CAXTON OKOH A Framework Development to Predict Remaining Useful Life of a Gas Turbine Mechanical Component Supervisors: Professor Rajkumar Roy, Professor JÖrn Mehnen September 2017 This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Cranfield University 2017. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright owner. ABSTRACT Power-by-the-hour is a performance based offering for delivering outstanding service to operators of civil aviation aircraft. Operators need to guarantee to minimise downtime, reduce service cost and ensure value for money which requires an innovative advanced technology for predictive maintenance. Predictability, availability and reliability of the engine offers better service for operators, and the need to estimate the expected component failure prior to failure occurrence requires a proactive approach to predict the remaining useful life of components within an assembly. This research offers a framework for component remaining useful life prediction using assembly level data. The thesis presents a critical analysis on literature identifying the Weibull method, statistical technique and data-driven methodology relating to remaining useful life prediction, which are used in this research. The AS-IS practice captures relevant information based on the investigation conducted in the aerospace industry. -
A-P201807-MICE Science Based Operational Risk
MIRCE Science Based Operational Risk Assessment Jezdimir Knezevic, MIRCE Akademy, Exeter, UK Abstract The philosophy of MIRCE Science is based on the premise that the purpose of existence of any functionable system 1 is to do functionability work. The work is done when the expected measurable function is performed through time. However, experience teaches us that expected work is frequently beset by the natural environment, the general population or the businesses, some of which result in hazardous consequences. Undoubtedly, the ability to accurately and quantitatively assess the risk of occurrence of these undesirable and especially those hazardous interruptions early in the design stages would be invaluable for all decision makers. Regardless of whether engineering solutions or management methods are chosen to control the risk, they will have a direct impact on the operational plan that should deliver the expected work, within the expected budget and delivering the expected return on their investment (e.g. profit or performance). For the last sixty years, Reliability Theory has been adopted to address this need. However, the efficacy of these predictions is only valid until the time of the occurrence of the first failure of a functional system. This is seldom understood and far from satisfactory where we are working with repairable or maintainable equipment and systems over their expected life. Consequently, the main objective of this paper is to demonstrate how the body of knowledge contained in MIRCE Science can be used for the assessment of the risk of occurrences of operational interruptions during the expected life of any given functionability system type. -
Failure Analysis Engineer Resume
Failure Analysis Engineer Resume Sometimes ligamentous Karim preconstructs her waster hereabout, but undivided Petr rimming tautly or spread conjunctionally. How purging is Tray when palmaceous and estuarine Nevin encores some untying? Addorsed Roosevelt chandelle, his cutworm condones undressing groundlessly. When writing skills for failure engineer resumes you do a valid credit card number in the engineers to determine if it needs to receive suggestions for all. WHERE: X ray MSG: This word is normally spelled with hyphen. Chemistry or others relevant fields. You are given an assignment by your professor that you have to submit by tomorrow morning; but, you already have commitments with your friends for a party tonight and you can back out. The technical knowledge of? RCA is used in many areas but especially in evaluating issues dealing with Health and Safety, production areas, process manufacturing, technical failure analysis and operations management. Ever think of all failures have provided timely work environment by. Select at least one location. Marshal and engineering staff augmentation services! You can also add special certificate courses you undertook. Support failure analysis requests coming from doubt and considerable customer. Excellent ability of preparing highly qualified technical reports and publications. This is the journal is important for the american society board qualification name but you have on the world. Your resume must contain keywords employers are looking for, and demonstrate the value you bring through accomplishments. Developed advanced FA techniques such as laser applications, voltage contrast, liquid crystal techniques, etc. Analyze root causes for PCBA and system level failures in HP desktops, laptops, tablets, and servers. -
44 Années D'essais
12 L’ INDEX 13 Elan 360 S/Elan 400 516/510 Gazelle croisière (c.) 495 Kerkena 6.1 (c.) 485 Opus/(c.) 119/116 Sprint 224 Eleuthera 408 Gem/(c.) 131/115 Kerkena 7.6 489 Orana 44 446 Sprint 108/108 IMS 279/301 Elor 65 51 Gerris 458 Kouign Amann (c.) 419 Oriyana 20 320 Sprint 750 458 Eolia (c.)/(b.) 167/356 Gib’Sea Amaranthe 300 KOD 33 399 Otarie 61 Sprinto 315 Eros 45 Gib’Sea 20 (c.) 47 Kronos 45 271 Ourson Rapide 465 SS 34 32 Eryd 30 449 Gib’Sea 24 (c.) 83 Lacoste 36 188 Outremer 40/Outremer 42 338/428 Start 7 89 44 ANNÉES d’essais Espace 800/Espace 1000 124/153 Gib’Sea 28/(c.) 87/119 Lago 950 Racing 314 Outremer 45 525 Sterell 6.30 476 Voici, classés par types et ordre alphabétique, les bateaux essayés par Voiles et Voiliers. La lettre (b.) signifie «bilan», (c.) «compa ratif», (sb) «semaine à bord», (ns) numéro de Salon. En face, figure le numéro de Espace 1100 174 Gib’Sea 33/Gib’Sea 37 50/55 Lagoon/Lagoon 380 400/365 Outremer 49/Outremer 5X 467/499 Stir Ven 19 525 Etap 20/Etap 21i 118/317 Gib’Sea 106 S (b.) 354 Lagoon 39 511 Ovni/Ovni 28 54/89 Sun Charm 39 215 Voiles et Voiliers qui vous intéresse. Toute commande doit être adressée à Voiles et Voiliers Essais, 13, rue du Breil CS 46305, 35063 Rennes Cedex, et accompagnée d’un chèque de 6,20 euros (6,80 euros pour Etap 22 (c.) 47 Gib’Sea 114/(c.) 144/147 Lagoon 400 460 Ovni 31 (c.)/Ovni 32 (c.) 119/199 Sun Dance 36 217 les numéros de Salon). -
International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis
International Topic al Meeting on International Topic al Meeting on Pro babilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis September 24 – 28, 2017 www.psa2017.org 1 PSA 2017 International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis Our most sincere thanks to our sponsors for their support of the 2017 PSA Conference URANIUM SPONSORS RADIUM SPONSORS ZIRCONIUM SPONSORS Table of Contents Welcome Messages . 2 Welcome message from the General Chair . 2 Welcome message from the International Chair . 3 Welcome message from the Academic Chair . 4 Acknowledgement . 5 Organizing Committee . 6 Technical Program Committee . 7 Daily Schedule . 8 General Information . 11 Registration . 11 Guidelines for Speakers . 12 Mobile App Instructions . 12 Workshops . 13 Workshop #1 – RAVEN . 13 Workshop #2 – Bayesian Inference for PRA . 13 Workshop #3 – PyCATSHOO . 14 Plenary Speakers . 15 Plenary Lecture #1 – Confidence in Nuclear Safety under Uncertainties and Unknowns 15 Plenary Lecture #2 – Safety Culture and the One Reactor At a Time Mindset . 16 Plenary Lecture #3 – Computational Risk Assessment . 17 Plenary Lecture #4 – PRA Community Support for Delivery of the Nuclear Promise . 18 Plenary Lecture #5 – PRA R&D – Changing the Way We Do Business? . 18 Special Sessions . 19 Special Session #1 – Bayesian Inference for PRA . 19 Special Session #2 – MUPRA Advances, Issues, Impediments and Promise . 19 Special Session #3 – Delivering the Nuclear Promise with Risk-Informed Regulations 20 Special Session #4 – Accident Tolerant Fuel Panel . 20 Technical Tour . 21 Technical Session Abstracts . 22 Conference Rooms Maps . 84 1 Welcome Messages Welcome message from the General Chair Welcome to the 2017 International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis (PSA 2017). -
Madge, Jason John (2009) Numerical Modelling of the Effect of Fretting
Numerical Modelling of the Effect of Fretting Wear on Fretting Fatigue Jason John Madge, MEng(Hons). Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2008 Numerical Modelling of the Effect of Fretting Wear on Fretting Fatigue Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………. v Publications ……………………………………………………………………. vi Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………… vii Nomenclature………………………………………………………………...… viii Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Air Travel………………………………………………………………. 1 1.2 Socio-Economic Drivers for Efficient Engine Design .……………. 2 1.3 A Future Perspective ………………………………………………… 2 1.4 Spline couplings……………………………………………………….. 3 1.5 Aims…………………………………………………………………….. 6 1.6 Thesis scope…………………………………………………………… 6 Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………... 8 2.2 Contact mechanics……………………………………..……………… 8 2.3 Tribology.……………………………………………………………… 16 2.3.1 Introduction……………………………………………………….. 16 2.3.2 Friction…………………………………………………………….. 16 2.3.3 Wear……………………………………………………………..... 18 2.4 Fatigue of Metals……………………………………………………... 19 2.4.1 General………….………………………………………………… 19 2.4.2 Fatigue Mechanisms…………………………………………….. 20 2.4.3 Relating Stress and Fatigue Life……………………………….. 21 2.4.4 Damage Models………………………………………………….. 24 2.4.5 Fracture Mechanics…………………………………………….... 27 2.5 Fretting…………………………………………………………….... 32 2.5.1 General…………………………………………………………...... 32 2.5.2 Multiaxial fatigue parameters in fretting…………………........... 36 2.5.3 Fracture mechanics in fretting……………………….................. 38 2.5.4 -
Failure Analysis and Fatigue Life Estimation of a Shaft of a Rotary Draw Bending Machine B
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Vol:11, No:11, 2017 Failure Analysis and Fatigue Life Estimation of a Shaft of a Rotary Draw Bending Machine B. Engel, Sara Salman Hassan Al-Maeeni important to ensure that the shaft geometry will satisfy the Abstract—Human consumption of the Earth's resources increases material strength requirements and shaft-supported element the need for a sustainable development as an important ecological, requirements. Stress analysis at specific points depends on the social, and economic theme. Re-engineering of machine tools, in local geometry, while slope and deflection analysis relies on terms of design and failure analysis, is defined as steps performed on the overall dimensions of the shaft [1]-[4]. Stresses an obsolete machine to return it to a new machine with the warranty that matches the customer requirement. To understand the future concentrate in shaft shoulders and key ways and depend on the fatigue behavior of the used machine components, it is important to local dimensions [2]. Shafts mostly work under the influence investigate the possible causes of machine parts failure through of fluctuated loads or combined torsion and bending loads. If a design, surface, and material inspections. In this study, the failure shaft supports a static load, the bending stresses are fully modes of the shaft of the rotary draw bending machine are inspected. reversed and the torsion is steady [1], [5]. Even well-designed Furthermore, stress and deflection analysis of the shaft subjected to shafts, when subjected to repeated loads or overloads, will combined torsion and bending loads are carried out by an analytical method and compared with a finite element analysis method. -
Biodegradable Surgical Staple Composed of Magnesium Alloy
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Biodegradable Surgical Staple Composed of Magnesium Alloy Hizuru Amano 1, Kotaro Hanada2, Akinari Hinoki3, Takahisa Tainaka3, Chiyoe Shirota3, Wataru Sumida3, Kazuki Yokota3, Naruhiko Murase3, Kazuo Oshima3, Kosuke Chiba3, 3 3 Received: 11 February 2019 Yujiro Tanaka & Hiroo Uchida Accepted: 25 September 2019 Currently, surgical staples are composed of non–biodegradable titanium (Ti) that can cause allergic Published: xx xx xxxx reactions and interfere with imaging. This paper proposes a novel biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloy staple and discusses analyses conducted to evaluate its safety and feasibility. Specifcally, fnite element analysis revealed that the proposed staple has a suitable stress distribution while stapling and maintaining closure. Further, an immersion test using artifcial intestinal juice produced satisfactory biodegradable behavior, mechanical durability, and biocompatibility in vitro. Hydrogen resulting from rapid corrosion of Mg was observed in small quantities only in the frst week of immersion, and most staples maintained their shapes until at least the fourth week. Further, the tensile force was maintained for more than a week and was reduced to approximately one-half by the fourth week. In addition, the Mg concentration of the intestinal artifcial juice was at a low cytotoxic level. In porcine intestinal anastomoses, the Mg alloy staples caused neither technical failure nor such complications as anastomotic leakage, hematoma, or adhesion. No necrosis or serious infammation reaction was histopathologically recognized. Thus, the proposed Mg alloy staple ofers a promising alternative to Ti alloy staples. Intestinal anastomosis using staples is widely practiced in surgery nowadays1–4. Staples used for this procedure are primarily composed of non–biodegradable titanium (Ti) alloy. -
Centerboard Classes NAPY D-PN Wind HC
Centerboard Classes NAPY D-PN Wind HC For Handicap Range Code 0-1 2-3 4 5-9 14 (Int.) 14 85.3 86.9 85.4 84.2 84.1 29er 29 84.5 (85.8) 84.7 83.9 (78.9) 405 (Int.) 405 89.9 (89.2) 420 (Int. or Club) 420 97.6 103.4 100.0 95.0 90.8 470 (Int.) 470 86.3 91.4 88.4 85.0 82.1 49er (Int.) 49 68.2 69.6 505 (Int.) 505 79.8 82.1 80.9 79.6 78.0 A Scow A-SC 61.3 [63.2] 62.0 [56.0] Akroyd AKR 99.3 (97.7) 99.4 [102.8] Albacore (15') ALBA 90.3 94.5 92.5 88.7 85.8 Alpha ALPH 110.4 (105.5) 110.3 110.3 Alpha One ALPHO 89.5 90.3 90.0 [90.5] Alpha Pro ALPRO (97.3) (98.3) American 14.6 AM-146 96.1 96.5 American 16 AM-16 103.6 (110.2) 105.0 American 18 AM-18 [102.0] Apollo C/B (15'9") APOL 92.4 96.6 94.4 (90.0) (89.1) Aqua Finn AQFN 106.3 106.4 Arrow 15 ARO15 (96.7) (96.4) B14 B14 (81.0) (83.9) Bandit (Canadian) BNDT 98.2 (100.2) Bandit 15 BND15 97.9 100.7 98.8 96.7 [96.7] Bandit 17 BND17 (97.0) [101.6] (99.5) Banshee BNSH 93.7 95.9 94.5 92.5 [90.6] Barnegat 17 BG-17 100.3 100.9 Barnegat Bay Sneakbox B16F 110.6 110.5 [107.4] Barracuda BAR (102.0) (100.0) Beetle Cat (12'4", Cat Rig) BEE-C 120.6 (121.7) 119.5 118.8 Blue Jay BJ 108.6 110.1 109.5 107.2 (106.7) Bombardier 4.8 BOM4.8 94.9 [97.1] 96.1 Bonito BNTO 122.3 (128.5) (122.5) Boss w/spi BOS 74.5 75.1 Buccaneer 18' spi (SWN18) BCN 86.9 89.2 87.0 86.3 85.4 Butterfly BUT 108.3 110.1 109.4 106.9 106.7 Buzz BUZ 80.5 81.4 Byte BYTE 97.4 97.7 97.4 96.3 [95.3] Byte CII BYTE2 (91.4) [91.7] [91.6] [90.4] [89.6] C Scow C-SC 79.1 81.4 80.1 78.1 77.6 Canoe (Int.) I-CAN 79.1 [81.6] 79.4 (79.0) Canoe 4 Mtr 4-CAN 121.0 121.6 -
Fatigue Failure Analysis of a Speed Reduction Shaft
metals Article Fatigue Failure Analysis of a Speed Reduction Shaft Rodrigo S. Miranda 1 , Clarissa Cruz 2, Noé Cheung 3,* and Adilto P. A. Cunha 1 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of Maranhão-UEMA, São Luís 65055-310, MA, Brazil; [email protected] (R.S.M.); [email protected] (A.P.A.C.) 2 Department of Production Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto-UFOP, João Monlevade 35931-008, MG, Brazil; [email protected] 3 Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-860, SP, Brazil * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-19-3521-3488 Abstract: The mining industry sector is notable for the severe service loads and varied environmental conditions that it imposes on its equipment and mechanical systems. It has become essential to identify the causes of failures and use the information to avoid similar failures and improve projects. In this paper, a study on shaft failure in a speed reduction box was carried out. A section of a fractured shaft made of hardened austempered steel was analyzed to determine the cause of the break. Fractography was performed to characterize the failure mode on the fracture surface. The microstructural analysis and hardness profile revealed that the shaft was inadequately heat treated, resulting in low resistance microstructures and the development of a thin layer of bainite at the shaft edge. Large amounts of inclusions were found in the fracture region, and the tensile tests revealed that the material had an elongation below the specification. The analyses showed that the combination of factors of a large amount of inclusions present in the low resistance banded structure, and the presence of concentrated pores in that same region, acted in a synergistic way to decrease the Citation: Miranda, R.S.; Cruz, C.; fatigue resistance and fatigue life of the shaft material. -
Sucker Rod Failure Analysis a Special Report from Norris
Sucker Rod Failure Analysis A Special Report from Norris A NORRIS A ______ D O V E R ) COMPANY A NORRIS A DOVER) COMPANY Failure Mechanisms........................................................ 1 Design and Operating Failures ....................................... 5 Mechanical Failures ........................................................ 8 Bent Rod Failures ............................................................ 8 Surface Damage Failures ............................................... 9 Connection Failures ........................................................ 10 Corrosion-fatigue Failures................................................ 14 Acid Corrosion ....................................................... 15 Chloride Corrosion ............................................... 16 CO2 Corrosion ...................................................... 16 Dissimilar Metals Corrosion .................................. 17 H2S Corrosion ...................................................... 17 Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) ....... 18 Acid Producing Bacteria ............................. 18 Sulfate Reducer Bacteria ........................... 19 Oxygen (02) Enhanced Corrosion ........................ 19 Stray Current Corrosion ....................................... 20 Under-Deposit Corrosion....................................... 20 Manufacturing Defects ..................................................... 20 Failure Analysis Request Form ........................................ 23 2 © 2000-2007 Norris/A Dover Company