Brief Guide to the Norman Miller Collection

An East African archive of print and photo material for the study of government, economics, and human rights Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive Regions of East Africa of Miller’s field research

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Map of East Africa

Author’s 1960 journey and research sites 1964-2005 ( ) Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive

Table of Contents

I. Introduction to the Collection...... 9 II. Mapping the Collection...... 12 Physical Materials in the Miller Collection...... 12 Finders’ Guide: Major Topics...... 13 Local Government and Politics...... 13 Political Anthropology in East Africa...... 14 Tanzania Resettlement...... 14 Field Research and Methods...... 14 Ethnographic Film...... 14 Wildlife Management and Environmental Studies...... 14 International Health and Cross-Cultural Medicine...... 15 HIV/AIDS...... 15 Witchcraft Violence and Human Rights...... 15 Finders’ Guide: Miller Database Collection...... 15 Miller Field Notes...... 15 Tanzania Rural Leadership Survey...... 16 Amy Miller Eberhardt Survey (in progress)...... 16 Witchcraft and the Press Database...... 16 Correspondence (in progress)...... 17 MacDonald-Miller Correspondence on Witchcraft (1985-2015)...... 17 III. Miller Publications and Films...... 18 Books...... 18 Monographs and Theses...... 18 Articles and Chapters...... 20 American Universities Field Staff Reports...... 20 Conference Papers, Proceedings...... 22 Journals Founded and Edited...... 22 Film-related Publications...... 25 Filmography...... 28 Films in the Faces of Change Series...... 28 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive

Afghanistan...... 28 Bolivia...... 28 Kenya...... 28 China Coast...... 30 Taiwan...... 30 United Nations and USAID Films:...... 30 Still Photographic Galleries...... 30 Early Africa Collection...... 30 IV. Selected Bibliographies (Politics, Witchcraft Studies)...... 31 Working Bibliography: African Local Government and Politics (1955-1985)...... 31 Working Bibliography: African Witchcraft and Human Rights (1955-2005)...... 31 Books on Witchcraft...... 32 Chapters and Monographs...... 34 Articles and Reprints...... 36 Unpublished Papers...... 42 Bibliography Index Cards – Collected by Norman Miller (1960-1990)...... 42 V. Inventory of Archived Materials, MSU Africana Library...... 58 Social Science and Film Archives...... 58 Box 1 – Introduction and Norman Miller Publications...... 58 Box 2 – World Field Trip, Exploration, and Field Preparation (1959-1963)...... 59 Box 3 – East African Fieldwork (1964-1965)...... 59 Box 4 – East Africa Research – Three districts in Tanzania (1964-1965)...... 61 Box 5 – Post-Fieldwork Analysis & American Universities Field Staff (1966-1985)...... 61 Box 6 – De Benko Collection (120 documents)...... 63 Box 7 – Visual Evidence and Visual Literacy Collaborative ...63 Visual Anthropology...... 63 Visual Evidence...... 63 Box 8 – Rodger Yeager Papers (1965-2006) ...... 64 Box 9 – HIV/AIDS (1989-2006)...... 64 Box 10 – HIV/AIDS (1989-2006)...... 64 Box 11 – Environmental Studies (1982-2005)...... 65 Box 11A – Environmental Studies and African Wildlife (1980-1985)...... 65 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive

Box 12 – Health and Wildlife (1982-2005) ...... 66 Box 13 – Wildlife, Traditional Medicine, Healing (1985-2005) ...... 66 Box 14 – Traditional Medicine...... 67 Box 15 – Special Project Files...... 67 Witchcraft and Human Rights Archive...... 68 Box 16 – “The Fear System” Manuscript and Related Files and Documents...... 68 Box 17 – Introduction to the Witchcraft Collection: Background Materials and History...... 68 Background...... 68 History...... 69 Box 18 – Witchcraft History (cont’d); Witchcraft Philosophies; Witchcraft Beliefs ...... 70 Witchcraft and Modern Africa...... 70 Witchcraft Philosophies, Theories, and Evil...... 70 Witchcraft Beliefs and Ethnicity...... 70 Box 19 – Witchcraft Practitioners; Witchcraft Maps; Special Topics; Art...... 71 Witchcraft Practitioners...... 71 Witchcraft Maps, Charts, Chronologies, and Graphics...... 71 Witchcraft Special Topics...... 71 Witchcraft Art...... 72 Box 20 – General Witchcraft Cases; Violence...... 73 Major Research Categories...... 73 General Witchcraft Cases...... 73 Violence...... 73 Box 21 – Political Witchcraft; Economics and Witchcraft...... 74 Economics and Witchcraft...... 74 Box 22 – Traditional Healing; Religion; Education; Society....75 Traditional Healing...... 75 Religion and Witchcraft...... 76 Education and Witchcraft...... 76 Society and Witchcraft...... 76 Box 23 – Encounters with Witchcraft Published Book Drafts...... 76 Box 24 – Witchcraft and The Press Book Project Files...... 77 Box 25 – Witchcraft and the Press Book Project (in progress)...... 78 Preface...... 78 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive Background...... 78 Evidence...... 78 Conclusions...... 79 Methodology and Annexes...... 79 Resume: Norman Nees Miller...... 80 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive

I. Introduction to the Collection By Franny Eanet and Jessica Achberger Norman Miller, whose first trip to East Africa as a young man occurred in the British colonial era, was in the first group of American field researchers who worked for long periods of time in remote regions of Kenya and Tanzania. His library, which has been gifted to Michigan State University, is a diverse collection of field notes, databases, field surveys, government documents, maps, books, still photos, and 16mm films. Miller taught at Michigan State between 1966-1971 as an Assistant and tenured Associate Professor in Political Science and African Studies. He founded and edited Rural Africana, a research journal (MSU 1967+), and taught courses in African politics, political anthropology, and African development. He was cited as an outstanding teacher. This extensive collection of Africana is particularly important because it documents early economic and political realities in Kenya and Tanzania—nations that followed very different development pathways. As the timeline of Miller’s life (below) reflects, his unorthodox career ranges from deep academic research, teaching, and writing to work as a correspondent, film producer, and as a project director of grants in both the wildlife conservation and international health fields. Miller lived in Africa for over 12 years, was married in Kenya, and was briefly on the faculties of the University of Dar es Salaam and the University of Nairobi. He also held a research appointment at the Makerere Institute of Social Research in Uganda during his early PhD fieldwork. Although trained in economics and political science, Miller approached most of his African work from an anthropological perspective. He championed in-depth field work, village-level analysis and “rural studies.” He relied on the field methods of anthropology, particularly participant observation, case studies, and in-depth interviews. The nations of Norman Miller’s main concern were Kenya and Tanza- nia, although he traveled extensively in Africa as what he termed an “academic journalist,” writing on Malawi, Somalia, Uganda, and the Indian Ocean. His first field diaries include notes on his travels in the Belgian Congo and the Sudan. In East Africa, the specific geographic locations where he worked and the ethnic groups of his interest include Kenya’s Nyeri and Marsabit districts (Kikuyu and Borana people) and Tanzania’s Tabora, Rungwe, and Kisarawe districts (Nyam- wezi, Nyakyusa, and Zaramo people - see map). He also lived on and photo- graphed the Indian Ocean, near Ukunda on the south coast of Kenya.

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To understand the diversity of the Norman Miller Collection, it is useful to note his work after his years at MSU. In 1972, with grants from the National Science Foundation, he left full-time academia to produce and direct twenty- eight educational documentary films in five regions of the world, including East Africa. In the late 1970s and 1980s, he divided his time between working as a correspondent in East Africa and part-time professorships at Dartmouth College and Dartmouth Medical School. On three occasions during those years he was on a national lecture circuit for the American Universities Field Staff, speaking on a range of African topics. The archive holds Miller’s lecture notes, teaching guides, and course material. At Dartmouth, he taught courses in environmental studies and international health, giving way in 1988 to a full-time administrative focus on the emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic. Here he won grants and served in the role of program director and editor working specifically on education projects surrounding HIV/AIDS in world militaries. In 2004, Miller turned to writing about case material he had collected on traditional medicine, witchcraft, and human rights. This interest spanned five decades and makes up a large portion of the archive, particularly case material, field documentation on witchcraft, and Millers unpublished writings. He continues this work today with contributions to a United Nations-supported project on witchcraft and human rights.

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Chief’s compound, Usagari village, western Tanzania, 2004

Author with village leaders and Omani storekeepers, 2004

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1980 1990 2000 1970 2010

1960

Major periods in Miller African research

II. Mapping the Collection The Norman Miller papers, as noted, contain extensive materials in the academic fields of East African studies, African development, local government and politics, political history, political and visual anthropology, environment and wildlife, and HIV/AIDS. In addition, witchcraft and human rights material make up nearly forty percent of the collection. The form of the materials is equally diverse. They include the author’s publications, field notes, databases, data search systems, maps, reprints, district-level reports, government publications, photos, moving image material, bibliographical essays, teaching outlines, course outlines, and course materials particularly on African environment and natural resources, traditional medicine, wildlife, and HIV/AIDS. The scope of the Miller Collection is broad, including academic sub-dis- ciplines: African studies, local government and politics, political anthropology, field methodologies, visual anthropology and pedagogy, ethnographic film, environmental studies, wildlife conservation, land-use policy, traditional healing, and cross-cultural medicine, HIV/AIDS education and prevention, comparative religion, and witchcraft and human rights. Miller’s books, publications, and films reflect these themes, as do his writing as a correspondent in East Africa (1969-1985). Physical Materials in the Miller Collection The physical inventory of the material gifted to MSU includes: 65 rare books on Africa; 220 government documents; 600 articles, reprints, and periodicals; 1200 photos; 28 finished films; selected bibliographies of some 1800 citations (mainly on witchcraft); and nearly 45 linear feet of paper notes and documents. The 30 boxes of print material contain over 300 subject folders, an estimated 12,000 pages. In addition, five computer databases of digitized material are available on the Norman Miller Archives website (www.normanmillerarchive.com). Both MSU and the Smithsonian hold physical material from the Norman Miller Col- lection. The Smithsonian holds 180,000 feet of 16mm negative and sound tapes

12 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive from the original five film locations of the Faces of Change project (see links on inside front cover).Field Diaries – covering the period 1960-2005. »» Field Notes – 1500 typed 5”x8” cards from field work in Tanzania and Ke- nya, 1964-1966, and usable databases. »» Pre-computer punch card key sort system which serves as an index to the Field Notes – 180 topics, for indexing of 1500 cards of field notes, including usable databases. »» Tanzanian Leadership Survey – Local-level social-economic status and opinion surveys of 460 farmers, 180 questions, conducted in 1964-1965. »» East Africa Newspaper Reports of Witchcraft – 525 reports collected 1960- 2010 and summarized in a database. Additional 600 press clippings on witchcraft in Zambia, Malawi, Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania. »» Bibliography – 180 3×5 cards, typed and handwritten, local documents, publications on Tanzania and Kenya local government, anthropology, law, courts, and missionary records. »» Books – approximately 65 rare books on East Africa. »» Government Periodicals, Local Publications – approximately 180 publications on poitics and anthropology of East Africa. »» Government Documents, Missionary Documents – approximately 250 documents including a collection at MSU (De Benko deposit, 1969). »» Back issues of Rural Africana, AIDS and Society, and Civil-Military Alli- ance »» Newsletter and related editorial files (N. Miller, editor). »» Maps – Collection of district level maps of Tanganyika, Tanzania, Kenya, and Eastern Africa. »» Photos – Collection of black & white and 35mm color photos, annotated, East Africa and the Congo, 1960-2005. »» Films (16mm and digital formats) – 12 films on East African topics, produced by N. Miller, digital copies, and original printing master material, NSF-sponsored films (filmography to follow). Archival footage of 38,000’ (18 hours) on northern Kenya. »» Subject Files – Special collections of materials by topic. Folders of documents and printed and typed material on author’s main topics of interest: witchcraft in Eastern Africa (200 file folders), Environment and Wildlife (80 file folders), HIV/AIDS, Africa (42 file folders), East African Modern History and Politics (80 file folders). Finders’ Guide: Major Topics Local Government and Politics The local government and politics collection includes documentation of how district- and village-level government were operating in the period immediately following independence, including: the survival of traditional chieftaincy, village-level politics, political change and development, how political 13 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive authority is received from the higher levels. Files include politics and administration, in Nyeri district Kenya and Tabora, Rungwe, and Kisarawe districts Tanzania. Miller’s PhD thesis, American Political Science Review article, and other publications flowed from this (Boxes 1 and 2). Political Anthropology in East Africa Materials include documents, missionary reports, field notes, and peri- odical publications on chieftaincy, tribal power and ritual, the transition from chieftaincy structures to local government structures, indirect rule, local and district courts (Box 3). Tanzania Resettlement Norman Miller was involved briefly in the Ford Foundation/Syracuse University Tanzanian Resettlement Research Project from 1964-1967, an at- tempt by President Julius Nyerere’s government to relocate hundreds of thousands of peasant farmers. Materials on the project include an unpublished manuscript on resettlement by Dr. Rodger Yeager (Box 3). Field Research and Methods The author’s comprehensive field notes (1500 typed cards), his survey databases, research methodologies and the archival systems he used reflect the survey research approaches of the 1960s-1990s. His work reflects the traditional anthropological technique of in-depth research and long-term residency in village areas (Boxes 3-5). Ethnographic Film Norman Miller spent six years producing and directing 28 documentary films, 26 of which were from the Faces of Change series funded by the National Science Foundation. Most were ethnographic in nature. Five of his films were about Northern Kenya depicting the semi-nomadic Boran people. The MSU archive holds the finished films and related educational materials, including a textbook produced as part of the project. The collection also includes film essays, teaching guides, bibliographies, and a visual essay by Miller on the philosophy and pedagogy surrounding visual evidence. The original film negative, sound recordings, camera logs, sound logs, and research materials are at the Smithsonian Institution’s Human Studies Film Archive (https://anthropology. si.edu/naa/home/hsfahome.html) (Box 7). Wildlife Management and Environmental Studies From 1981-2012, the author had a special interest in wildlife management in East Africa and in natural resource conservation. The collection includes extensive documentation on wildlife management, park management, poaching, economics of wildlife, value of wildlife commodities, endangerment, preserva- tion, and the concerns of international organizations. Miller’s book on wildlife management with Rodger Yeager and his teaching files for the Dartmouth Dept. of Environmental Studies are included (Boxes 11 and 12).

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International Health and Cross-Cultural Medicine From 1978-2018, the author served as professor in community and family medicine at Dartmouth Medical School, particularly concerned about cross-cultural medicine, issues of medical anthropology, public health, health policy, and the issues of grassroots health and poverty. His American Field Staff publications are on traditional healing and environmental health. Case studies on traditional healing are a major part of the collection (Boxes 12-14). HIV/AIDS In the 1980s and 1990s Miller directed and co-directed with Dr. Stuart Kingma, an international HIV/AIDS prevention and education project funded by WHO, UNAIDS, Ford Foundation and other donors. The project files include behavioral research, issues of health, politics, health policy, HIV transmission, and social issues particularly concerning the military and other uniformed services worldwide. Ford Foundation, and (Boxes 9 and 10).

Witchcraft Violence and Human Rights Witchcraft and human rights is a major subsection of the Miller Archive. Topics deal with witchcraft cases, biographies of practitioners, beliefs, the ancient history of witchcraft, geographic scope of witchcraft, police and court records, cases of violence, the impact witchcraft has on the societies of east Africa. There is a major collection of materials on the economic and developmental impact of witchcraft, the political uses of witchcraft, and how witchcraft mani- fests itself in the modern society. The connections between traditional healing and witchcraft are particularly important. The collection holds some 600 press clippings from east Africa and draft manuscript material on how witchcraft cases appear in the press (Boxes 16-26). Finders’ Guide: Miller Database Collection Miller Field Notes 1500 typed 5”x8” cards from Tanzania and Kenya, 1964-1966, in usable. researchable database form. Includes a unique pre- computer punch card, hand-operated key sort system which serves to retrieve specific information on 180 specific topics, in the 1500 cards. The Miller Field Notes are a digitized, searchable collection. He devised the accompanying pre-computer punch card search system to cross-index a broad array of topics. The original Miller fieldwork was done to compare three different traditional leadership systems: one, hierarchical with paramount chiefs (Nyamwezi), one without paramount chiefs but with traditional leaders (Run- gwe), and one with family and clan heads as the political authority (Kisarawe). The research was conducted as part of Dr. Miller’s doctoral dissertation: Miller, Norman N. “Village Leadership and Modernization in Tanzania: Rural

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Politics Among the Nyamwezi People of Tabora Region.” (PhD Dissertation, Indiana University, 1967). URL: https://normanmillerarchive.com/earlyfieldnotes/ ______Tanzania Rural Leadership Survey Local-level social-economic status and opinion surveys of 435 farmers, 180 questions, conducted in 1964-1965. The socio-economic survey of rural farm heads of family and rural leaders of different occupation was done in three geographically and politically diverse districts in Tanzania shortly after the nation’s independence in 1963. Some 435 individuals were interviewed in depth by the author and three research assistants. The socio-economic survey (SES) questionnaire was divided into two parts: in part one, the socio-economic profile of individual family heads, including personal data on age, education, religion, income, farm size and other questions; in part two, a large number of questions on personal knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in the political and economic spheres. Political attitudes were particularly important as the survey was done shortly after the end of the colonial era and new ideological, administrative, and political changes were underway. URL: http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Africana/Norman_Miller_Tanza- nia/Village%20Leadership%20Survey%20-%20Tanzania%20Codebook.pdf https://normanmillerarchive.com/databases-and-studies/ ______Amy Miller Eberhardt Survey (in progress) Follow up survey conducted by Miller’s daughter Amy Miller Eberhardt in 2005 revisiting 90 selected original respondents from Tanzania Rural Leader- ship Survey URL: http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Africana/Norman_Miller_Tanza- nia/documentation/millerHistory.pdf https://lib.msu.edu/branches/dmc/collectionbrowse/?coll=69&par= https://normanmillerarchive.com/tanzanialeadership/ ______Witchcraft and the Press Database East Africa Newspaper Reports of Witchcraft – 525 reports collected 1960-2010 and compiled into spreadsheet. Between 1960 and 2010, some 521 newspaper reports on witchcraft

16 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive in East Africa were collected from local press sources. Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda were the nations covered in this study. Another 180 reports were gath- ered initially for Malawi and Zambia, but not used when the focus was reduced to East Africa. Data categories include: • Press summaries: One to four sentence summaries of a full press clipping on a topic related to witchcraft. The original reports were in the form of news stories, features, commentaries, editorials, letters to the editor and graphics. • Date: Date of publication of the press reports • Press: Source of original publication, wire services, electronic sources • Country: Place of publication (KEN=Kenya; TAN=Tanzania; UGA=Uganda) • Category codes: Press reports clustered by socio-economic categories for analysis URL: https://normanmillerarchive.com/pressreports/ Correspondence (in progress) MacDonald-Miller Correspondence on Witchcraft (1985-2015) An exchange of letters, e-mails, and documents between Norman Miller and Duncan MacDonald, MD, including a four-volume collection of MacDon- ald’s writing produced over 30 years. PDF files include: (1) Summary notes on topics discussed by email and (2) Miscellaneous Correspondence on Witchcraft, 1970-2015. Duncan MacDonald served as a physician in Zambia and Kenya, including a period as an emergency “Flying Doctor”. He later served as a provincial psychiatrist in Cornwall, UK. He has had a life-long interest in witchcraft based on his years in Africa and correspondence with Norman Miller. Search terms for the data include that lead to a substantial amount of material and general ideas about witchcraft:

Bantu behavior Christian/Christianity definition (of witchcraft) economics evil fear system history moral panic politics prehistory psychology religion traditional medicine violence Dozens of other terms relevant to individual searches are embedded in the material. This is unpublished material that reflects MacDonald’s thinking about issues of witchcraft, not only in Africa but in the developing world.

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III. Miller Publications and Films Between 1960 and 2015, Norman Miller published nearly one hundred books, articles, monographs and other materials. His collected works are organized chronologically and by publication type. Books Monographs and Theses Articles, Chapters, and Monographs American Universities Field Staff Reports Conference Papers, Proceedings Journals Founded and Edited Film-related Publications Filmography Still Photographic Galleries

Books 1. Miller, Norman N. Encounters with Witchcraft: Field Notes from Africa. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2012. 2. Miller, Norman N., and Rodger Yeager. Kenya: The Quest for Prosperity. 2nd edition. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994. 3. Miller, Norman N., and Richard C. Rockwell, eds. AIDS in Africa: The Social and Policy Impact. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 1988. 4. Yeager, Rodger, and Norman N. Miller. Wildlife, Wild Death: Land Use and Survival in Eastern Africa (SUNY Series in Environmental Public Policy). Albany, N.Y.: State Univer- sity of New York Press, 1986. 5. Miller, Norman N. Kenya: The Quest for Prosperity. 1st edition. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1984. 6. Miller, Norman N., and Manon L. Spitzer, eds. Faces of Change: Five Rural Societies in Transition: Bolivia, Kenya, Afghanistan, Taiwan, China Coast. Lebanon, N.H.: Published for the American Universities Field Staff by Wheelock Educational Resources, 1978. (film studies textbook) 7. Miller, Norman N. ed. Research in Rural Africa, East Lansing, MI. Michigan State Univer- sity Press, 1969. a. Also published as Research in Rural Africa: Canadian Journal of African Studies, Loyola College and the African Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1969. Monographs and Theses 8. Miller, Norman N. African Journey: Writing on Eastern Africa, 1969-1983 (Collected Writings). Hanover, NH: African-Caribbean Institute, 1994. [In Dartmouth College Col- lection] 9. Miller, Norman N. “Village Leadership and Modernization in Tanzania: Rural Politics Among the Nyamwezi People of Tabora Region.” 1967. (PhD dissertation, Indiana Univer- sity). 10. Miller, Norman N. “Kenya: Nationalism and the Press: 1951-1961.” 1962. (MA thesis, Indiana University).

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Articles and Chapters 11. Yeager, Rodger D. and Norman N. Miller. “Seafarers and Seaport Workers: A Hidden Population at Risk.” 1997. Civil-Military Alliance Newsletter (HIV/AIDS Publication). 3(4); 1, 10. 12. Miller, Norman N. and Rodger D. Yeager. “The Military: An Occupation that Puts Soldiers at Risk.” Civil-Military Alliance Newsletter (HIV/AIDS Publication). 1996. 2(1); 1, 10. (HIV/AIDS Publication) 13. Miller, Norman N. and Rodger D. Yeager. “By Virtue of the Their Occupation, Soldiers and Sailors are at Greater Risk.” Special Report: The Military. AIDS Analysis Africa. 1995. 5(6):8-9. 14. “Losing the Struggle against AIDS: Policy Issues in Africa’s Urban and Rural Dilemma.” African Urban Quarterly 6.1/2 (1991): 8–11. 15. Miller, Norman N. “The Other Somalia.” 1983. Horn of Africa: An Independent Journal. Volume 5, No. 3: 3-19. 16. “Environmental Health and Human Behaviour: UNEP’S Twin Challenge”. United Nations Environment Programme Annual Review 1978. Nairobi: 1980. 74-81. 17. “Education for What? Faces of Change for the Kenya Boran.” Ekistics 43.259 (1977): 342–45. 18. “Borderlands: Human Adaptation in the Semi Desert.” Common Ground. III.1. 1977. 31- 38. 19. “Discussion: Population Planning and Belief Systems: The Catholic Church in Latin Amer- ica.” Are Our Descendants Doomed? Technological Change and Population Growth. Eds. Harrison Brown and Edward Hutchings, Jr. New York: Viking Press. 1972. 330-334. 20. “Kenya.” Population: Perspective 1971. Eds. Harrison Brown and Alan Sweezy. San Fran- cisco: Freeman Cooper, 1972. 205–235. 21. “Kenya: Pioneer in African Family Planning.” Fieldstaff Perspectives. Hanover, N.H.: American Universities Field Staff. 1971. 20 pp. 22. “The Rural African Party: Political Participation in Tanzania.” The American Political Sci- ence Review 64.2 (1970): 548–571. Reprinted in: a. Uphoff, N.T. and W.F. Ilchman, eds. The Political Economy of Development. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1972. 425-439. b. Miller, Norman N. “The Rural African Party: Political Participation in Tanzania.” Papers in International and World Affairs. 1970 series – October – No. 4. Lansing: Michigan State University International Programs. 37-60. 23. “Political Mobility and the Pedestrian Society.” Canadian Journal of African Studies 4.1 (1970): 17–31. 24. “Witchcraft and Sorcery in Tanzania.” Fieldstaff Perspectives. Hanover, NH, American Universities Field Staff, 1970. 25. “Tanzania: Documentation in Political Anthropology–the Hans Cory Collection.” African Studies Bulletin 11.2 (1968): 195–213. 26. “The Political Survival of Traditional Leadership.” The Journal of Modern African Studies 6.2 (1968): 183–198. 27. “The Defeat of a Minister.” One Party Democracy: The 1965 Tanzania General Elections. Ed. Lionel Cliffe. East African Publ. House: N.p., 1967. American Universities Field Staff Reports (chronological order) 28. “Witchcraft and Sorcery in Tanzania–Part I: The General Dimensions.” American Univer- sities Field Staff Reports VIII.1 (1969): 1–18. 29. “Witchcraft and Sorcery in Tanzania–Part II: Cases for Analysis.” American Universities Field Staff Reports VIII.3 (1969): 1–19.

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30. “Witchcraft and Sorcery in Tanzania–Part III: Biography of a Witch-Finder.” American Universities Field Staff Reports VIII.4 (1969): 1–17. 31. “East Africa–1969: An Assessment of Current Political Realities in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda.” American Universities Field Staff Reports VIII.2 (1969): 1–13. 32. “Assassination and Political Unity: Kenya.” American Universities Field Staff Reports VIII.5 (1969): 1–13. 33. “Population Review 1970: Kenya.” American Universities Field Staff Reports IX.1 (1970): 1–26. 34. “Teaching African Development with Film.” American Universities Field Staff Reports X.1 (1971): 1–20. 35. “Uganda and the Wonder Drug: A New Approach to Population Control.” American Uni- versities Field Staff Reports X.4 (1971): 1–8. 36. “The Dynamics of Population in Uganda.” American Universities Field Staff Reports X.5 (1971): 1–21. 37. The Politics of Agriculture in Kenya.” American Universities Field Staff Reports X.6 (1971): 1–8. 38. “Military Coup in Uganda.” American Universities Field Staff Reports X.3 (1971): 1–18. 39. “The Politics of Population.” American Universities Field Staff Reports X.2 (1971): 1–15. 40. “Journey in a Forgotten Land–Part I: Food and Drought in the Ethiopia-Kenya Border Lands.” American Universities Field Staff Reports XIX.4 (1974): 1–24. 41. “Journey in a Forgotten Land–Part II: Food and Drought: The Broader Picture.” American Universities Field Staff Reports XIX.5 (1974): 1–16. 42. “Kenya Boran Revisited.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 35 (1979): 1–11. 43. “The United Nations Environment Programme.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 17 (1979): 1–36. 44. “Malawi–Central African Paradox.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 2 (1979): 1–12. 45. “The Indian Ocean: Traditional Trade on a Smuggler’s Sea.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 7 (1980): 1–23. 46. “Traditional Medicine in East Africa.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 22 (1980): 1–15. 47. “East Africa’s New Decade of Doubt–Part I: Kenya and Tanzania.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 9 (1980): 1–17. 48. “East Africa’s New Decade of Doubt–Part II: Uganda and Regional Relations.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 12 (1980): 1–11. 49. Miller, Norman N., and David R. Smock. “Soviet Designs in Africa.” American Universi- ties Field Staff Reports 17 (1980): 1–17. 50. Miller, Norman N., and James C. Strickler. “China’s Revolution in Health.” American Uni- versities Field Staff Reports 3 (1980): 1–24. 51. Miller, Norman N., and James F. Hornig. “Habitat: The New United Nations Initiative in Human Settlements.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 28 (1981): 1–31. 52. “The Other Somalia–Part I: Illicit Trade and the Hidden Economy.” 29 (1981): 1–17. 53. “The Other Somalia–Part II: Foreign Aid and Local Politics.” American Universities Field Staff Reports 30 (1981): 1–13. 54. Yeager, Rodger, and Norman N. Miller. “Food Policy in Tanzania: Issues of Production, Distribution, and Sufficiency.” UFSI Reports 17 (1982): 1–24. 55. Miller, Norman N. “Wild Life–Wild Death: Kenya’s Man-Animal Equation.” UFSI Reports 1 (1982): 1–28. 56. Miller, Norman N. “Village Victories: New Motivational Techniques in Kenya and Zimba- bwe.” UFSI Reports 13 (1983): 1–8.

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Conference Papers, Proceedings 57. “AIDS and the Military: Policy Seminars.” Hanover, N.H.: African-Caribbean Institute. June 5-6, 1993. 58. Yeager, Rodger D. and Norman N. Miller. 1993 HIV/AIDS in Military Populations Around the Globe: Proceedings of a Seminar: Jointly Sponsored by the United Nations Develop- ment Programme and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (USA). 6-7 June 1993, Berlin, Germany. 59. “Village Leadership in Tanzania.” Conference Proceedings. Kampala, Uganda: East African Institute of Social Research. 1965. 60. “Political Conflict and Democracy in Africa.” Proceedings of the Institute on World Af- fairs. San Diego State College. 1963. Journals Founded and Edited 61. Rural Africana: Research Bulletin in the Social Sciences, African Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1967 – 1986. (Issues edited by Norman Miller, 1967-1971). a. Issue 1 – Winter, 1967 – Local Politics b. Issue 2 – Spring, 1967 – Political Anthropology c. Issue 3 – Fall, 1967 – Rural Development and Agricultural Change d. Issue 4 – Winter, 1968–Development Administration e. Issue 5 – Spring, 1968 – Rural Communication f. Issue 6 – Fall, 1968 – Rural Geography g. Issue 7 – Winter, 1969 – Ethnohistory h. Issue 8 – Spring, 1969 – Rural Development: West Africa i. Issue 9 – Fall, 1969 – Rural Education j. Issue 10 – Winter, 1970 – Special Issue: Research Index k. Issue 11 – Spring, 1971 – Population l. Issue 12 – Summer, 1971 – Film and African Development 62. AIDS and Society: International Research and Policy Bulletin. African-Caribbean Institute. 1989-1995. (Issues edited, 1989-1995, with article listings) a. Vol. 1, No.1 – October 1989 – Social Science and the AIDS Challenge; AIDS: A Dis- ease of Development?; AIDS in Latin America; Economic Impact of AIDS in Develop- ing Nations; Social Science Issues at Montreal (V International Conference) b. Vol. 1, No. 2 – January 1990 – AIDS, Women, and Children; AIDS in the Soviet Union; Women and AIDS in Africa; Male Knowledge: KAP and AIDS in Zimbabwe c. Vol. 1, No. 3. – April 1990 – Puerto Rico and the Caribbean: Regional Updates: China, USSR, Romania; Prostitution and AIDS in Sri Lanka; AIDS and Homosexual Groups: Southeast Asia; The “Social Marketing” of Condoms; Resources to Assess the Social Impact of AIDS in Africa d. Vol. 1, No. 4 – July 1990 – HIV Transmission and the Military; San Francisco Reports (VI International Conference) e. Vol. 2, No. 1 – October/November 1990 – AIDS in India; World AIDS Estimate; AIDS in Nigeria; Children and AIDS; Women and AIDS; New Research Survey; Ethics in Research f. Vol. 2, No. 2 – January/February 1991 – China’s Emerging AIDS Policy; Mapping the Politics of AIDS; U.S. International AIDS Policy; African Health Mission; Slowing Heterosexual Transmission of AIDS; Political Science: What Can It Add? g. Vol. 2, No. 3 – April/May 1991 – Puzzling New Patterns of AIDS Transmission; African Projections: 70 Million Infected; Targeting Truckers in Tanzania; Intervention Strategies for the Prevention of STD/HIV; The Politics of AIDS in Africa: A Bibliogra- phy; Regional Reports: Greece, Australia, Africa, Tanzania h. Vol. 2, No. 4 – July/August 1991 – Asia – The Smoldering Volcano; Florence Confer-

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ence (VII International Conference); India’s Epidemic; Teenagers Along the Trans- African Highway; HIV Intervention: Zaire; AIDS in Tanzania i. Vol. 3, No. 1 – October/November 1991 – Dynamics of International Networking on AIDS; Expanding Partnerships with the Corporate Sector; NGOs and Politics in Af- rica; AIDS Orphans; NGOs and AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean; Consor- tium: The Kenya Experience; NGOs and Government Agencies; ICASO: A Model for Unified NGO Response; NGM Inventory j. Vol. 3, No. 2 – January/February 1992 – Is AIDS Eradication Possible?; Coping with AIDS: Africa and Beyond; Latin America: Role of Community Organizations; Report from Uganda: AIDS Impact on Children; Book Review k. Vol. 3, No. 3 – April/May 1992 – Political Disintegration and AIDS; A Community- based Program of Prevention; Traditional Medicine and AIDS; Treating HIV with Traditional Medicine l. Vol. 3, No. 4 – July/August 1992 – Burma’s AIDS Epidemic; Viewpoint: Oh Amster- dam!; Amsterdam Viewpoint: Costly AIDS Conference; Opinion: Jonathan’s report Card; Amsterdam Report: Social Impact & Response; Research Report: Suriname & French Guyana; Research Report: AIDS Work in the Sudan m. Vol. 4, No. 1 – October/November 1992 – AIDS and Sex Tourism; Sex Tourism: Thailand; Sex Tourism: Dominican Republic; Map: Sex Tourism: Africa: Negative Population Growth?; Opinion: AIDS World Adrift?; Vaccine Watch n. Vol. 4, No. 2 – January/February 1993 – AIDS in South Africa; HIV and Drug Inject- ing; Drug Injecting: India; Map: HIV and Drug Injecting; AIDS in Greece; Vaccine Watch o. Vol. 4, No. 3 – April/May 1993 – China Update; AIDS Prevention: Mexico City; Sexual Education: Peru; Drama as an AIDS Education Tool; Report: Haiti; Vaccine Watch p. Vol. 4, No. 4 – July/August 1993 – Still Searching for a Blueprint; Anthropology and HIV/AIDS Prevention in Kenya; HIV/AIDS Counseling in the Developing World; Italy: Injecting Drug Use; Vaccine Watch q. Vol. 5, No. 1 – October/November 1993 – The Role of Traditional Health Practitioners in HIV/AIDS Control; AIDS and Humility Before the Facts; Women HIV/AIDS and the UN; On the Social Impact of AIDS; Vaccine Watch r. Vol. 5, No. 2 – January/February 1994 – The AIDS Information Explosion; Report from Morocco; HIV/AIDS Network Activities in Southern Africa; Commentary: Challenges in South Africa; AIDS Information Resource Directory; Developing a Resource Center; Vaccine Watch s. Vol. 5, No. 3 – April/May 1994 – An Intervention that May Slow HIV Transmission; Watch on Drugs and AIDS; Youth in Action; Traditional Medicine and HIV AIDS Control; Report from Russia t. Vol. 5, No. 4 – June/July 1994 – The Influence of HIV/AIDS in the Rwanda Tragedy; Vaccine Watch: Rockefeller Foundation Initiative, Accelerating the Development of HIV Vaccines; South Africa: New Government Faces Epidemic; Declaration on Ethics, Law, and HIV; Rwanda: Comment on Psychology and War u. Vol. 6, No. 1 – October/November 1994 – Sober Appraisals, Guarded Outlooks and AIDS Fatigue; Vaccine Watch; Review: British Military Awareness Program; AIDS and Population v. Vol. 6, No. 2 – January/February 1995 – The Economic Impact of AIDS; New UN Initiative; Mexico: Pharmacies, Communication, and Condoms; Paris Summit; Kenya: AIDS and the Church; AIDS in Ghana; Global Summary 1994-1995 w. Vol. 6, No. 3 – March/April 1995 – AIDS in Prisons; Commentary: AIDS in Prisons; China’s Control of Prison HIV; Prison Update: Canada, Scotland, Australia; Stress Factors: HIV and Prisoners; New York Police: AIDS Education; Policy Contrasts: Aus- tralia and Canada; Policy Contrasts: Tennessee, USA; Educating the Courts; US Prison

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Policies on HIV: Legal Background x. Vol. 6, Nov. 4 – July/August 1995 – AIDS and Human Rights; Mexican Prisons; Networks on Human Rights, Ethics, Law and HIV: Knowledge of HIV in Diverse Populations; Nutrition and AIDS; East Africa: AIDS Orphans; UNAIDS Update; AIDS Education in Prisons 63. Civil Military Alliance Newsletter. Civil Military Alliance to Combat HIV and AIDS. African-Caribbean Institute. 1995-1999. a. Vol. 1, No. 1 – January 1995 – New International Organization Responds to HIV/ AIDS Challenge; Alliance: The Issues at Stake; Civil-Military Alliance: Defining the Territory; Consensus Statement; The Military Importance of AIDS b. Vol. 1, No. 2 – April 1995 – Policy Ambivalence on Military AIDS Prevention; Alli- ance: More Issues to Consider; Key Policy Issues Face the Civil-Military Alliance; Bel- gian Military Medicine AIDS: No Cure, But Care; HIV and AIDS: Risk in Southeast Asia; Military Medicine: West Africa: HIV/AIDS Among U.S. Military Veterans c. Vol. 1, No. 3 – July 1995 – The Impact of AIDS on Military Institutions; Violence and Human Rights: NCIH Conference Themes; South Africa: Mandatory Military Testing; Argentina: Major Military AIDS Decree; Seven-Nation Meeting on Military AIDS; Military AIDS: Latin America; Alliance Business: Planning for New Initiatives d. Vol. 1, No. 4 – October 1995 – Six-Nation Meeting on Military AIDS Prevention; New, Emerging, and Re-Emerging Diseases; Spotlight on Conflicting Military HIV Policy; HIV/AIDS and Peer Educators in Mexico; The U.S. Army Program: Development Continues: HIV Prevention in Military Communities; Report: First Regional Seminar for South and Southeast Asia on AIDS Prevention in Military Populations e. Vol. 2, No. 3 – January 1996 – The Military: An Occupation That Puts Soldiers at Risk: Factors Affecting Women in African Military Settings; AIDS Prevention: A Priority Military Mission; Civil-Military Alliance Seminar; Where is the Leadership Coming From?; Alliance Planning for Latin America; Training for Improved Sexual Health f. Vol. 2, No. 2 – April 1996 – Major Regional Seminar on African Military HIV/AIDS; HIV Prevalence in the Global Military; Salvation Army and Military AIDS Preven- tion; Assistance to Orphans of Tanzanian Military Personnel; China’s Gathering Storm; The Ugandan Army’s HIV/AIDS Control Project; Alliance Regional Training Seminars Planned on HIV/AIDS Prevention in Military Populations; A Glossary of Technical Terms; Military AIDS Interventions g. Vol. 2, No. 3 – August 1996 – Emerging Military AIDS Issues Recognized at World Conference; Latin America Moves Toward Global Leadership; Protect Yourself Against HIV/AIDS: A Briefing Document for Police and Armed Forces Personnel; Malawi: Regional Policy Workshop on AIDS Prevention in a Civil-Military Environ- ment h. Vol. 2, No. 4 – October 1996 – Bolivia’s ‘Sentinels of Health’; HIV/AIDS in the Armed Forces; The Quintessential AIDS in the Workplace Issue; Do’s and Don’ts for Indian Army; Hazard Table for Blood-borne Infections; Child Prostitution: A Case Study in Military Camps in Liberia i. Vol. 3, No. 1 – January 1997 – HIV Education Plan for the Italian Armed Forces; Closing the Distance Between Military and Civilian Populations; Alliance News: Latin America; The Civil-Military Alliance to Combat HIV and AIDS; Global Survey of Military HIV/AIDS Policies and Programs; Zambia’s Mobile Military Prevention Teams j. Vol. 3, No. 2 – April 1997 – Military HIV Issues Confronted in Namibian Conclave; Global AIDS Data, 1997; Alliance Receives Funding for Two-Year Latin America Program; Is a Military Code of Conduct Possible?; On the Margins: Men Who Have Sex with Men and HIV in the Developing World; The Child Soldier: Military HIV’s Youngest Problem

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k. Vol. 3, No. 3 – July 1997 – Status of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic; Design of a Training Program; Women, Community, and Military HIV Prevention; AIDS Prevention in the Malawi Army; Understanding Prevention: A Primary Mission for Military Medical Services; High Risk Behavior in Young Soldiers (and Partners); Military Networks for Surveillance of Communicable Diseases l. Vol. 3, No. 4 – October 1997 – Seafarers and Seaport Workers: A Hidden Population at Risk; First Regional Meeting in Honduras; Behavioral Surveillance and Intervention in the Military Environment; AIDS Information for Seafarers m. Vol. 4, No. 1 – January 1998 – AIDS in Prisons; HIV/AIDS Features and Statistics by Region; Asia/Pacific Regional Symposium; Military Medical Leaders Gather in Senegal to Strengthen HIV/AIDS Prevention; AIDS Awareness Playing Cards and Educational Posters n. Vol. 4, No. 2 – April 1998 – Tracking the Epidemic; What Will Thousands of People from Around the World Talk About When They Meet for the 12th World AIDS Conference?; Tanzania: Civil-Military Alliance Established; The Military Medical Team: How Ready?; The Civil-Military Alliance to Combat HIV and AIDS; Drugs for Dealing with HIV o. Vol. 4, No. 3 and 4 – July 1998 – Data Shows New HIV Indicators; Report on the Global Epidemic–June 1998; AIDS in the Workplace: Military Parallels; World AIDS Conference Highlights; AIDS and the Military; Sexual Health and Seafarers Research and Development Meeting; Protect Your Health with Knowledge; More Each Day, AIDS Has a Feminine Face p. Vol. 5, No. 1 – January 1999 – Military HIV and Sexual Violence; Final Summary Project Report: Chile; Military Involvement and Strategic Planning; Final Summary Project Report: Peru Film-related Publications 64. Miller, Norman N. “Visual Evidence: An Instructional Approach.” Faces of Change: Five Rural Societies in Transition: Bolivia, Kenya, Afghanistan, Taiwan, China Coast. Eds. Nor- man N. Miller and Manon L. Spitzer. American Universities Field Staff, 1976. 1976: 1–27. 65. Miller, Norman N. “Kenya Boran II: Education for What?” Faces of Change: Five Rural Societies in Transition: Bolivia, Kenya, Afghanistan, Taiwan, China Coast. Eds. Norman N. Miller and Manon L. Spitzer. American Universities Field Staff, 1976. 95–106. 66. Miller, Norman N. “Boran Herdsmen: Survival Economics in the Dry Lands.” Faces of Change: Five Rural Societies in Transition: Bolivia, Kenya, Afghanistan, Taiwan, China Coast. Eds. Norman N. Miller and Manon L. Spitzer. American Universities Field Staff, 1976. 107–122. 67. Miller, Norman N. “Harambee [‘Pull Together’].” Faces of Change: Five Rural Societies in Transition: Bolivia, Kenya, Afghanistan, Taiwan, China Coast. Eds. Norman N. Miller and Manon L. Spitzer. American Universities Field Staff, 1976. 143–164.

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Chiefs throne and picture of British King George, replaced by picture of Julius Nyerere, first President of Tanzania, with Chiefs daughter, 1964

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Author, chief’s children, and colonial throne, Usagari, Tabora, Tanzania, 1964

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Filmography Norman Miller produced or directed a total of 28 color documentary films, 26 of which were sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Two others were sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and by the United States Agency of International Development. The Faces of Change series is distributed by the Documentary Educational Re- sources (www.der.org). Films in the Faces of Change Series Afghanistan 68. An Afghan Village (44 minutes). Filmmakers Herbert DiGioia and David Hancock. Pro- ducer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 69. Naim and Jabar (50 minutes). Filmmakers Herbert DiGioia and David Hancock. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 70. Wheat Cycle (16 minutes). Filmmakers Herbert DiGioia and David Hancock. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 71. Afghan Women (17 minutes). Filmmakers Herbert DiGioia and David Hancock. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 72. Afghan Nomads: The Maldar (21 minutes). Filmmakers Herbert DiGioia and David Han- cock. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. Bolivia 73. Viracocha (30 minutes). Filmmakers Hubert Smith and Neil Reichline. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 74. The Children Know (33 minutes). Filmmakers Hubert Smith and Neil Reichline. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 75. Potato Planters (17 minutes). Filmmakers Hubert Smith and Neil Reichline. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 76. Andean Women (17 minutes). Filmmakers Hubert Smith and Neil Reichline. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 77. The Spirit Possession of Alejandro Mamani (27 minutes). Filmmakers Hubert Smith and Neil Reichline. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Water- town, MA, 1974. 78. Magic and Catholicism (34 minutes). Filmmakers Hubert Smith and Neil Reichline. Pro- ducer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. Kenya 79. Kenya Boran: Part I (33 minutes). Filmmakers David MacDougall and James Blue. Pro- ducer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 80. Kenya Boran: Part II (33 minutes). Filmmakers David MacDougall and James Blue. Pro- ducer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 81. Boran Herdsmen (17 minutes). Filmmakers David MacDougall and James Blue. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 82. Boran Women (18 minutes). Filmmakers David MacDougall and James Blue. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 83. Harambee (Pull Together) (19 minutes). Filmmakers David MacDougall and James Blue. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974.

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Brochure for Norman Miller’s films, 1972-74 Retransferred and remastered, 2018 Documentary Educational Resources, Boston, MA. email: [email protected] www.der.org/films/faces-of-change.html

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China Coast 84. Island in the China Sea (32 minutes). Filmmakers George Chang, Richard Chen, and Nor- man Miller. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 85. Hoy Fok and the Island School (32 minutes). Filmmakers George Chang, Richard Chen, and Norman Miller. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 86. China Coast Fishing (19 minutes). Filmmakers George Chang, Richard Chen, and Nor- man Miller. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 87. Three Island Women (17 minutes). Filmmakers George Chang, Richard Chen, and Nor- man Miller. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 88. The Island Fishpond (13 minutes). Filmmakers George Chang, Richard Chen, and Nor- man Miller. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. Taiwan 89. People Are Many, Fields Are Small (32 minutes). Filmmakers Richard Chen and Frank Tsai. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 90. They Call Him Ah Kung (24 minutes). Filmmakers Richard Chen and Frank Tsai. Pro- ducer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 91. Wet Culture Rice (17 minutes). Filmmakers Richard Chen and Frank Tsai. Producer Nor- man Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 92. A Chinese Farm Wife (17 minutes). Filmmakers Richard Chen and Frank Tsai. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. 93. The Rural Cooperative (15 minutes). Filmmakers Richard Chen and Frank Tsai. Producer Norman Miller. Documentary Educational Resources, Watertown, MA, 1974. United Nations and USAID Films: 94. The Forgotten Farmers: Women and Food Security (28 minutes). Producer Norman N. Miller. Rome: FAO of the United Nations, 1985. 95. Women in a Changing World (48 minutes). Producer Norman N. Miller. American Uni- versities Field Staff Films and USAID, 1975. Still Photographic Galleries Early Africa Collection The Norman Miller Collection of still photos is being developed as small galleries with brief annotations of each photograph. Some 1200 photos are divided into such galleries as (1) Kenya Boran Collection (1972-1975), (2) Field Work, Professional Life (1964-1969). The sub-collection topics include: geography and environment, wildlife, portraiture, shelter and architecture, roads and infrastructure, witchcraft and traditional healing, politics and government and others. ______Bibliography compiled by Franny Eanet, African-Caribbean Institute, and Amy Witzel, Baker-Berry Library, Dartmouth College, June 1, 2016.

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IV. Selected Bibliographies (Politics, Witchcraft Studies) Between 1960 and 2015, Norman Miller collected a wide variety of bibliographical materials on East African topics. Much of this bibliographical material is found in the individual collection files of the archives, including materials on politics/government, environment/wildlife, and HIV/AIDS. (Note that these are uncorrected bibliographies and may contain inaccuracies.) Working Bibliography: African Local Government and Politics (1955-1985) Between 1960 and 1990, Norman Miller collected a wide range of African government-related publications, particularly focusing on economic development, nationalism, and nation-building issues in the East African region. 1. Collection of 3x5 index cards begun as a field bibliography and later expanded in Miller’s research on local government and politics in East Africa (printed cards only). 2. Documents for the Study of Government and Politics in East Africa (Norman Miller Col- lection, 120 documents with subject matter index, compiled 1969). 3. Documents for the Study of Politics and Economic Development in East Africa (Norman Miller Collection, 275 miscellaneous documents, 1958-1990, at MSU) 4. Annotated Bibliography for the Study of Nationalism in East Africa (Norman Miller with J. Gus Liebenow, Indiana University, 1962, unpublished manuscript; Further study of Roland Young and J. Gus Liebenow, APSR article, 1959?) Working Bibliography: African Witchcraft and Human Rights (1955- 2005) Between 1960 and 2010, Norman Miller collected a wide range of witchcraft-related materials, including books, articles, manuscripts, and unpublished papers. In addition, he compiled a working bibliography on witchcraft, some 440 index cards both typed and handwritten. Much of the material referred to in the index cards was a working field bibliography and is uncorrected. The overall bibliography was compiled by Franny Eanet, Katrina Wheelan, Sarah MacCormick, and Maddie Lyons in 2017 from Miller’s earlier field work. 1. Witchcraft-related Books in the Norman Miller Personal Collection 2. Chapters and Monographs 3. Articles and Reprints (selected reprints included) 4. Unpublished Papers (selected papers included) 5. Bibliography Index Cards – Collected by Norman Miller (1960-1990) For an in-depth study of witchcraft, see the master bibliography compiled by Dr. Roma Standefer of Ottawa, Canada, as part of her doctoral dissertation, “African witchcraft beliefs: a study in comparative symbolic classification,” University of Oxford, 1972 (http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/OXVU1:LSCOP_ OX:oxfaleph013466883), which comprises some 900 sources from 1900-1971. In addition, a major bibliographical study of health and traditional healing covering many witchcraft-related topics was compiled by Steven Feierman (Health and Society in Africa: A Working Bibliography, Waltham: Crossroads, 1979).

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Five contemporary books listed below are noted for their up-to-date modern witchcraft bibliographies: 1. Bond, George C., and Diane M. Ciekawy, eds. Witchcraft Dialogues: Anthropological and Philosophical Exchanges. Athens: Ohio U Center for International Studies, 2001 2. Geschiere, Peter. The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Postcolonial Africa: Sorcellerie Et Politique En Afrique: La Viande Des Autres. Charlottesville: U of Virginia, 1997. 3. Geschiere, Peter. Witchcraft, Intimacy, and Trust: Africa in Comparison. Chicago: U of Chicago, 2013. 4. Luongo, Katherine. Witchcraft and Colonial Rule in Kenya, 1900-1955. Cambridge: Cam- bridge University Press, 2011. 5. Stewart, Pamela J, and Andrew Strathern. Witchcraft, Sorcery, Rumors, and Gossip. Cam- bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. * indicates items in this section donated to MSU by Miller. Books on Witchcraft 1. African Studies Review. Atlanta: African Studies Association, 1998. 2. African Studies Review. Atlanta: African Studies Association, 2003. 3. Barham, Tony. Witchcraft in the Thames Valley: Traditional Witchcraft Tales of the Thames Valley. Bourne England: Spur, 1973. 4. Barrett, David B. Schism & Renewal in Africa: An Analysis of Six Thousand Contempo- rary Religious Movements. Oxford University Press, 1968. 5. Beattie, John, and John Middleton. Spirit Mediumship and Society in Africa. New York: Africana Pub., 1969. 6. Behringer, Wolfgang. Witches and Witch-hunts: A Global History. Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2004. 7. Bond, George C., and Diane M. Ciekawy, eds. Witchcraft Dialogues: Anthropological and Philosophical Exchanges. Athens: Ohio U Center for International Studies, 2001. 8. Brown, Lee M. Ed. African Philosophy: New & Traditional Perspectives. Oxford Univer- sity Press, 2004. 9. Bynum, Edward B. The African Unconscious: Roots of Ancient Mysticism and Modern Psychology. New York: Cosimo Books, 2012. 10. Canwell, Diane, and Jonathan Sutherland. Witches of the World. Edison, NJ: Chartwell, 2007. * 11. Ciekawy, Diane, and Peter Geschiere, eds. African Studies Review. Atlanta: African Studies Association., 1999. 12. Crawford, J. R. Witchcraft and Sorcery in Rhodesia. London: Oxford Univerdity Press, 1967. 13. Demos, John. Entertaining Satan: Witchcraft and the Culture of Early New England. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982. 14. Demos, John. Past, Present, and Personal: The Family and the Life Course in American History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. 15. Demos, John. The Enemy Within: 2000 Years of Witch-hunting in the Western World. New York: Viking, 2008. 16. Dorson, Richard, Ed. African Folklore. Indiana University Press, 1979 17. Douglas, Mary, Ed. ASA Monographs: Witchcraft Confessions & Accusations. Tavistock Publications, London, 1970. 18. Dubb, Allie. Myth in Modern Africa: The Fourteenth Conference Proceedings of the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute of Social Research, Lusaka, Northern Rhodesia, 1960. Lu- saka: s. n., 1969. 19. Ellis, Stephen & Gerrie Ter Haar. Worlds of Power. Oxford University Press, NY, 2004.

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20. Evans-Pritchard, Edward, and Eva Gillies. Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande. Oxford: Clarendon, 1976. 21. Gebauer, Paul. Spider Divination in the Cameroons. Milwaukee Public Museum, 1964. 22. Gehman, Richard J. African Traditional Religion in Biblical Perspective. Kijabe, Kenya: Kesho Publications, 1989. 23. Gelfand, Michael. Witch Doctor: Traditional Medicine Man of Rhodesia. London: Harvill, 1964. 24. Geschiere, Peter. The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Postcolonial Africa: Sorcellerie Et Politique En Afrique: La Viande Des Autres. Charlottesville: U of Virginia, 1997. 25. Geschiere, Peter. Witchcraft, Intimacy, and Trust: Africa in Comparison. Chicago: U of Chicago, 2013. 26. Givry, Grillot De, and J. Courtenay Locke. Picture Museum of Sorcery, Magic & Alchemy. New Hyde Park, NY: University Books, 1963. 27. Graf, Fritz, and Franklin Philip. Magic in the Ancient World. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1999. 28. Gregor, Arthur S. Witchcraft and Magic: The Supernatural World of Primitive Man. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1972. 29. Harrison, Michael. The Roots of Witchcraft. Frederick Muller Ltd., 1973.* 30. Hartwell, David G. The Dark Descent. New York: Tor Books, 1987. 31. Harwood, Alan. Witchcraft, Sorcery, and Social Categories among the Safwa. London: Published for the International African Institute by Oxford U.P., 1970. 32. Haule, Cosmas. Bantu “Witchcraft” and Christian Morality. Nouvelle Revue De Science Missionaire, 1969. 33. Holland, Heidi. African Magic: Traditional Ideas That Heal a Continent. London: Viking, 2001. 34. Kluckhohn, Clyde. Navaho Witchcraft. Beacon Press, 1944. 35. Lindenbaum, Shirley. Kuru Sorcery: Disease and Danger in the New Guinea Highlands. Mayfield, 1979.* 36. Luongo, Katherine. Witchcraft and Colonial Rule in Kenya, 1900-1955. Cambridge: Cam- bridge University Press, 2011. 37. Mair, Lucy. Witchcraft. McGraw-Hill, NY, Toronto, 1969. (2 copies) 38. Marwick, Max, Ed. Witchcraft and Sorcery. Penguin, 1970. 39. Marwick, Max. Sorcery in Its Social Setting: A Study of the Northern Rhodesia Ceŵa. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1965. 40. Mbiti, John Samuel. African Religions and Philosophy. London; Ibadan; Nairobi; Heine- mann: Heinemann, 1970. 41. Middleton, J. & E.H. Winter. Witchcraft & Sorcery in East Africa. 1963 42. Middleton, John. Magic, Witchcraft, & Curing. University of Texas Press, 1967. 43. Mitchell, Robert Cameron, and Harold W. Turner. A Comprehensive Bibliography of Modern African Religious Movements. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1966. 44. Ogembo, Justus Mozart H’Achachi. Contemporary Witch-hunting in Gusii, Southwestern Kenya. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen, 2006. 45. Reynolds, Barrie. Magic, Divination, and Witchcraft among the Barotse of Northern Rho- desia. Berkeley: University of California, 1963. 46. Robertson, Roland, and Michael Zwettler. Sociology of Religion: Selected Readings. Pen- guin, 1985. 47. Schipper, Mineke. Source of All Evil: African Proverbs & Sayings on Women. Phoenix Publishers, Nairobi, 1991. 48. Smith, Huston. The Illustrated World’s Religions: A Guide to Our Wisdom Traditions. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1994. 49. Stroeken, Koen. Moral Power: The Magic of Witchcraft. New York: Berghahn, 2010.

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50. The African Studies Review, Vol. 28, Nos. 2/3. African Studies Association, UCLA, 1985. 51. Tindall, Gillian. A Handbook on Witches. New York: Panther, 1967. 52. Turner, Victor W. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-structure. Chicago: Aldine Pub., 1969. 53. Witchcraft and Healing: Proceedings of a Seminar Held in the Centre of African Studies, University of Edinburgh, 1969. Edinburgh: U of Edinburgh, 1969. 54. Zaretsky, Irving I. Bibliography on Spirit Possession and Spirit Mediumship. Berkeley: Dept. of Anthropology, U of California, 1966. Chapters and Monographs 1. “Industrial and Mining Hazards in the Third World.” CS Quarterly 6.1 (1982): 3-9. Web. 2. Abrahams, Raphael Garvin. “Introduction.” Villagers, Villages and the State in Modern Tanzania, African Studies Centre, Cambridge, 1987, pp. 1–13. 3. Beattie, John, et al. “Sorcery in Bunyoro.” Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa, Routledge & Paul, London, 1963, pp. 27–56. 4. Bourdillon, M. F. C. “Witchcraft and Sorcery.” African Spirituality: Forms, Meanings, and Expressions, edited by Jacob K Olupona, Crossroad, New York, 2000, pp. 176–197. 5. Clifford, W. Crime in Northern Rhodesia. Vol. 18, Lusaka, Rhodes-Livingstone Inst., 1960. * 6. Culwick, A. T. Good out of Africa: A Study in the Relativity of Morals. Manchester, Man- chester University Press, 1969. 7. Davidson, Basil. “Of Witches and Sorcerers.” The African Genius: An Introduction to African Cultural and Social History, Little, Brown, and Company, Boston, Ma, 1970, pp. 121–130. 8. Evans-Pritchard, Edward Evans., et al. “Absence Makes the Heart Grow Fonder: Some Sug- gestions Why Witchcraft Accusations Are Rare among East African Pastoralists.” 9. The Allocation of Responsibility, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1972, pp. 163–191. 10. Fernandez, James W. “Politics and Prophecy: African Religious Movements.” Anthropol- ogy, vol. 2, 1965, pp. 71–75. 11. Forde, Cyril Daryll. African Worlds; Studies in the Cosmological Ideas and Social Values of African Peoples. London, Oxford University Press, 1954. 12. Fortes, M., et al. “Witchcraft and Sorcery.” African Systems of Thought, Oxford University Press, London, 1972, pp. 21–27. 13. Gluckman, Max, and Meyer Fortes. “Ritual and Office in Tribal Society.” Essays on the Ritual of Social Relations, edited by Cyril Daryll Forde, University Press, Manchester, 1962, pp. 53–88. 14. Gluckman, Max. “The Logic in Witchcraft.” Custom and Conflict in Africa, Blackwell, Oxford, 1991, pp. 81–108. 15. Gray, Robert F. “Medical Research: Some Anthrological Aspects.” The African World: A Survey of Social Research, edited by Robert A. Lystad, Praeger, New York, 1966, pp. 532–370. 16. Gray, Robert F. “Some Structural Aspects of Mbugwe Witchcraft.” Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa, edited by John Middleton and E. H. Winter, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1963. 17. Gray, Robert. “Some Parallels in Sonjo and Christian Mythology.” African Systems of Thought, edited by M. Fortes and G. Dieterlen, Oxford University Press, London, 1972, pp. 49–63. 18. Heald, Suzette. “The Ritual Use of Violence: Circumcision among the Gisu of Uganda.” The Anthropology of Violence, edited by David Riches, Blackwell, Oxford, 1987, pp. 70–85. * 19. Huntingford, G. W. B., et al. “Nandi Witchcraft.” Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa,

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1965, pp. 295–306. * 118. Ruel, M J. “Witchcraft Beliefs in an African Society.” Folklore. 74.4 (1963): 563-564. * 119. Ruel, Malcolm. “Witchcraft, Morality and Doubt.” Odù: Journal of Yoruba and Related Studies. 2.1 (1965): 3-27. * 120. Schapera, Isaac. “Sorcery and Witchcraft in Bechuanaland.” African Affairs, vol. 51, 1952, pp. 41–52. * 121. Seidman, R. B. “Witch Murder and Mens Rea: A Problem of Society Under Radical Social Change.” The Modern Law Review 28.1 (1965): 46-61. 122. Shack, William A. “Hunger, Anxiety, and Ritual: Deprivation and Spirit Possession Among the Gurage of Ethiopia.” Man, vol. 6, no. 1, 1971, pp. 30–43. * 123. Shorter, Aylward. “Religious Values in Kimbu Historical Charters.” Africa, vol. 39, no. 03, 1969, pp. 227–237. * 124. Shweder, Richard A. “Likeness and Likelihood in Everyday Thought: Magical Thinking in Judgments About Personality [and Comments and Reply].” Current Anthropology, vol. 18, no. 4, 1977, pp. 637–658. * 125. Smith, Edwin W. “Inzuikizi.” Africa, vol. 8, 1935, pp. 473–480. * 126. Smith, Marian W. “Towards a Classification of Cult Movements.” Man, vol. 59, Jan. 1959, pp. 8–12. * 127. Southall, Aidan. “Spirit Possession and Mediumship Among the Alur.” Ed. John Middleton and J. H. M. Beattie. Spirit Mediumship and Society in Africa (n.d.): 231-72. * 128. Spanos, Nicholas P. “Witchcraft in Histories of Psychiatry: A Critical Analysis and an Alternative Conceptualization.” Psychological Bulletin, vol. 85, no. 2, 1978, pp. 417–439. (1st page only) * 129. Spiro, Melford E. “Sorcery, Evil Spirits, and Functional Analysis: A Rejoinder.” American Anthropologist, vol. 63, no. 4, 1961, pp. 820–824. * 130. Ssekamwa, John C. “Witchcraft in Buganda Today.” Transition. (1967): 31-39. (excerpt) * 131. Stocking, George W. “Animism in Theory and Practice: E. B. Tylor’s Unpublished ‘Notes on ‘Spiritualism’ ‘.” Man, vol. 6, no. 1, 1971, pp. 88–104. * 132. Sullivan, Margaret A. “The Witches of Dürer and Hans Baldung Grien.” Renaissance Quar- terly, vol. 53, no. 2, 2000, pp. 333–401. * 133. Tait, David. “A Sorcery Hunt in Dagomba.” Africa, vol. 33, no. 02, 1963, pp. 136–147. * 134. Tanner, R. E. S. “The Magician in Northern Sukumaland, Tanganyika.” Southwestern Jour- nal of Anthropology, vol. 13, no. 4, 1957, pp. 344–351. * 135. Tanner, R. E. S. “The Witch Murders in Sukumaland: A Sociological Commentary.” The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1970, pp. 7–41. (2 copies) * 136. Thompson, Graham. “The Bewitchment and Fall of a Village Politician.” Villagers, Villages and the State in Modern Tanzania, edited by Raphael Garvin Abrahams, African Studies Centre, Cambridge, 1987, pp. 110–133. * 137. Trevor-Roper, H. R. “Witches and Witchcraft.” Encounter, vol. 28, no. 6, June 1967, pp. 13–34. * 138. Turner, H. W. “A Typology for African Religious Movements.” Journal of Religion in Af- rica, vol. 1, no. 1, 1967, pp. 1–34. * 139. Turner, H. W. “The Place of Independent Religious Movements in the Modernization of Africa.” Journal of Religion in Africa, vol. 3, no. 1, 1969, pp. 43–63. * 140. Turner, Victor W. “Witchcraft and Sorcery: Taxonomy versus Dynamics.” Africa, vol. 34, no. 04, 1964, pp. 314–325. * 141. Willis, R. G. “Kamcape: An Anti-Sorcery Movement in South-West Tanzania.” Africa, vol. 38, no. 01, 1968, pp. 1–15. * 142. Wilson, Monica Hunter. “Witch Beliefs and Social Structure.” American Journal of Sociol- ogy, vol. 56, no. 4, Jan. 1951, pp. 307–313 *

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Unpublished Papers 1. 1. Abbo, Catherine. “Management of Mental Health Problems by Traditional Healers in Kampala District.” Makerere University, 2003. * 2. Abrahams, R. G. Some Aspects of Nyamezi Witch Belief. Paper read at conference of EALSR MaKercet, Kampala 1958. * 3. Arens, W. Witchcraft and Sorcery in a Poly-Ethnic Community: Taxonomy versus Dy- namics Revisited. Baltimore, 1978. * 4. Ashforth, Adam. AIDS, Witchcraft, and the Problem of Power in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Paper Number 10, Occasional Papers of the school of Social Science. May 2001. * 5. Critchfield, Richard. The Supernatural in Villages. Mexico City, 1977. 6. Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Dar es Salaam. Reducing the Harm Caused by Witchcraft in Tanzania: Can Policy Awareness Help? A research proposal to the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs. November 2007. * 7. Harrison, C. “Witches and Sorcerers.” M.A. Thesis. University of London, 1999. * 8. Haworth, A. Schizophrenia, Hysteria and Other Barriers to Communication. 1967. TS. Zambia, n.p. * 9. Hwang, Irene. Witchcraft in Africa: Remnants of the Past. Dartmouth College, 2000. 10. Kokwaro, J. O. Traditional Medicine as One of the Oldest African Sciences. 1979. TS. University of Nairobi, n.p. * 11. Luongo, Katherine. Witchcraft, Law, and Human Rights: Regimes of Knowledge and Prac- tice. Northeastern University. November 2012. * 12. Matsuura, Brian. Losing Touch: Salience of Witchcraft in Africa. Environmental Studies 7, 2000. 13. McCombs, Suzanne. A Descriptive Analysis of the Role of Witchcraft in African Tribal Society. 1967. TS. Michigan State University, n.p. * 14. McKee, Robert Guy. Lynchings in modern Kenya and inequitable access to basic resources: A major human rights scandal and one contributing cause. (initially presented at the 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Applied Anthropology, Denver, CO, March 19-23, 2013). * 15. Miller, Norman N. African and the Supernatural Dimension: Preliminary Thoughts on Witchcraft as a Fear System. Dartmouth Medical School/American Universities Field Staff. Paper prepared for the Lunar Society, Dartmounth College, October 16, 1979. * 16. Rigby, A. Witchcraft, Kinship and Authority in Gogo. 1962. TS. N.p. * 17. Rigby, Peter, and Fred Lulo. Divination and Healing in Peri-Urban Kampala, Uganda. * 18. Swantz, Marja-Liisa. The Spirit Possession Cults and Their Social Setting in a Zaramo Coastal Community. N.d. TS. N.p. * 19. Ueda, Histoshi. Witchcraft and Sorcery in Kitui of Kamba Tribe. 1971. TS. University of Nairobi, n.p. * 20. Willis, Roy. “Magic” and “Medicine” in Ufipa. N.d. TS. N.p. * 21. Wober, J.M. Beliefs About Witchcraft, and Related Topics. 1969. TS, Seminar on Witch- craft and Healing. N.p. * 22. Wright, Marcia. Nyakyusa Cults and Politics in the Later Nineteenth Century. 1970. TS. Columbia University, n.p. * Bibliography Index Cards – Collected by Norman Miller (1960-1990) 1. Abrahams, R., A modern witch-hunt among the Lango of Uganda, Cambridge Anthropol- ogy, Vol. 10, No 1. 1985, pp 32-44. 2. African Systems of Thought, Oxford University, London 3. Aguessy, H., La Divinité lêgba et la dynamique du panthéon Vodoun au Dan-Horné, Cahuers du Religions Africaines 4(7) Jan. 1970 p.89-96.

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4. Aguessy, Honorat, Presénse Africaine, Cultural Review of the Negro World, No 74 2nd Q 1970, “Traditional African Religions” as a source of Civilisation Values. 5. Ames, David W. “Belief in ‘Witches’ Among the Rural Wolof of the Gambia.” Africa. (1959). 6. Anonymous, “Muchape”, Nada XIII, 17. 1935, Department of Native Affairs, South Rho- desia. 7. Aquina, Sister Mary, A sociological interpretation of sorcery and witchcraft beliefs among the Karanga, NADA (Salisburg) 9, 5. 1968 p 47-53. 8. Ashton, E H, Medicine, Magic, and Sorcery Among the southern Sotho, Communications from the School of African Studies, Cape Town Un. Pess., 1943. 9. Awolalu, Omosade, Yoruba Sacrificial Practice, Journal of African Religions vol. V, Fas. 2, 1973, p. 81. 10. Bachrach, Peter, and Mouton S. Baratz, Two Faces of Power APSR, Vol 56, Dec. 1962, pp 947-52. “Decision and Nondeusau: An Analytical Framework” APSR vol. 57, Sept. 1963, pp 632-642. 11. Baker, B., “Modern Witch-mania in Africa and Superstitions” African Observer III, 1935, 2, 24/31. 12. Baker, E. C., “Mumoami, Magic (East-African) Man XXX 1930, p. 73. 13. Banton, Michael, ed., Anthropological Approaches to the study of religion, London, Tavis- tock, 1965. 14. Barrett, David B., Schism and Renewal in Africa, Nairobi: Oxford Univ Press, 1968. 15. Bascom, William, Ifa Divination: Communication Between Gods and Men in West Africa, Bloomington, Illinois, Indiana Univ. Press, 1969. 16. Baxter, H. C., “Introduction to Witchcraft on Africa”, Tanganyika Notes and Records, No. 18, 1944, pp 69-76. 17. Baxter, H. C., Introduction to Witchcraft on Africa, Tanganyika Notes and Records, 17: 69-76. 18. Baxter, P. T. W., Witchcraft and Social Control in Pastoral Societies, Lecture Delivered at Oxford, February 23, 1968. 19. Beattie J. Middleton J (eds), Spirit Mediumship and Society in Africa African Pub. Corp. 101 1st Avenue. NYC, 1969. 20. Beattie J. Middleton J (eds), Spirit Mediumship and Society in Africa CR: A Redmayne African Affairs (289) October 1973. 21. Beattie J. Middleton J (eds), Spirit Mediumship and Society in Africa CR: R.T. Curley, American Anthropologist 73(2) 1971. 22. Beattie, J., Review of the African Witch by J. R-Gelfand. American Anthropologist 70: 1206-7, 1968. 23. Beattie, John, Sorcery in Bunyoro in Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa, Editor Middle- ton and Winter, pp 27-55, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London. 24. Beidelman, T. O., Witchcraft in U Kagura in Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa ed. Middleton and Winter-pp 57-98. 25. Beidelman, T.O., Matrilineal People of Eastern Tanzania, Ethnographic Surveys of Africa, April and June Institute. 26. Benedict, R. “Magic” Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences X 1935 p. 39-44. 27. Bernadi, B., The Mugwe: a failing Prophet, Oxford 1959. (Meru Kenya). 28. Biedelman, T. O., Toward More Open Theoretical Interpretations, in Mary Douglas, ed. Witchraft Confessions and Accusations. London: Tavistock, 1970, pp. 351-356. 29. Black, LT and Selton AJ, Sacrifice in Ibo Religion, American Anthropologist 75(4), August 1973: 1177-1180. 30. Bloomfield, G. W., Witchcraft, Service of Religion in Witchcraft by J.J. Mumday, E.M., Roules and G. W. Bloomfield pp. 52-62, Central Africa House Press. London, 1951. 31. Bloomhill, Greta, Witchcraft in Africa, Cape Town: Timmins, 1962.

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32. Bolinder, Gustaf, Devilman’s Jungle, NY Roy Publishers, 1954. 33. Bowen, E.S., Return to Laughter, Harper and Bisthas. NYC (?), Natural History Library Anchor Books, Doubleday and Co. Garden City, NY. 34. Brain, J. L., Mou Modern Witch Findings, Tanganyika Notes and Records, 62: 44-48. 35. Brazier, F. S., The Nyabingi Cult. Religion and Political Scale in Kigezi 1900-1930, MISR Conf. Papers (D) Jan. 1968. 36. Brelsford, W. V., Severe Cases of Witchcraft, The Northern Rhodesia Journal, Vol 1. No 1:53-56. 37. Brian, Robert, Child Witches in Bangera, Paper Presented at A. S. A., Conference. Cam- bridge, April 1968. 38. Brian, Robert, Child-Witches, in Mary Douglas, Witchcraft Confessions and Accusations, London: Tavistock, 1970, p 161-179. 39. Brock, P.W.Q. and Beverly Brock, Myth and Environmental Change and Tanganyika (Ni/ iha), Mau, Vol. 65. No. 150, 1965 p 155. 40. Brown, R. and E. Strokes, eds, The History of the Central African Peoples, Lusaka: Rhodes Livingstone Institute. 41. Browne, G and J Arde, Witchcraft and British Colonial Law, Africa 8: 481-87, 1935. 42. Browne, G. ST. J. Orde, “Witchcraft and British Colonial Law” Africa VIII 1935 p. 481-487. 43. Brownlee, WT, Witchcraft Among the Natives of South Africa, Rhodesian Scientific As- sociation Proceedings, Bulawavo, 1912 v. XI, p. 103-123. 44. Butler, Eliza, M, Ritual Magic, Cambridge: University Press, 1949, Selected Bib 318-22. 45. Butt, Thompson, J.W., West African Sercet Sorceries, London 1929. 46. Buxton, Jean, Chiefs and Strangers, Oxford University, Press, 963a . 47. Buxton, Jean, Mandari Witchcraft, in Witchcraft of Sorcery in E. Africa, p.p. 99-121, 1 ed. Middleton of Winter Routledge and Kegan Paul. London, 1963a. 48. Buxton, Jean, The Mandari of the Southern Sudau, m J. Middleton and D. Tait, Tribes Without Rulers. 49. Buxton, W.F.P., Juba Religion of Magic in Custom of Belief, Musee Royal de L’Afrique Cen- trale, Lervuren, Belgique Annales. Serie Jun. 8. Sciences Humaines. No. 35. 50. Cannell, W.J., Sympathetic Magic Among the Gogo of the Mpwapwa District, TNR 39, 1955, p. 25-38. 51. Carter, Gwendolen M. (ed.), Five African States, Ithaca: Cornell V. P. 1963. 52. Casagrande, J, Review of Walkers in the Cave: Apuerto Rican LIfe History by Sydney W. Mintz, Beyond the Mountains the Moon by E.H. WInter, American Anthropologist, 63: 1354-60, 1961. 53. Cassirer, Erast, Myth XXX of the State, New Haven: Yale University Press, 194 54. Cavo Baroja, Julio, The World of Witches, Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1964, BF 1566, c. 2821. 55. Cavveatu, Revel, Man and His Superstitions, Cambridge: Community Press, 1925. 56. Cay, Joyce, The African Witch, Victor Gallanez Ltd, London, 1936. 57. Clodd, E, Animism, The Seed of Religion, London:A Constable and Co. 1905. 58. Clogger, T.J., Witchcraft, Quarterly Review, Jau, 1965, pp 77-83. 59. Coleman, James S., Nationalism in Tropical Africa, American Political Science Review, 48 (2), June 1954. 60. Coleman, James, S., Current Political Movements in Africa, The Annals [ of the American Academy of Political and Social Science] W.O. Brown ed., Philadelphia 298 Mar. 1955, pp 95-108. 61. Collomb, H, PoPartino and M. Drop. Les Difficultés de Psychiatrie à plopos du meurtre d’un sorcerer. Société Médicale d’Afrique Noir de Langue Française, Bulletin, vol 9, 1964. 62. Colquhou, John C. A History of Magic, Witchcraft and Animal Magnetism, London: Lougman, Brown, queen and Lovermans, 1851. 63. Colson, Elizabeth, Ancestral Spirits and Social Structure Among the pLateau tenga, Inter-

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national Archives of Ethnography, vol 67, Part I, 1954, pp 21-68. 64. Colsou, Elizabeth and Max Gluckman, Seven Tribes of British Central Africa, Oxford: Ofouel U. Preno, 1961. 65. Cory, Hans, The Indigenous Political System of the Sukuwa, Kampula: X X Insitute of Soul Research, 1954. 66. Cory, Hans, The Nlewi, London: Macmillan, 1951. 67. Cory. H, Sukuma- Nyamwezi, typescipt, p 107-133 ON. 68. Crawford, J.R., Witchcraft and Sorcery in Rhodesia, London: Oxford University Press, 1968. 69. Crawford, JW, The Kikuyu Medicine Man, Vol. 9, p. 53, 1909. 70. Cudjee, D., The Du-legba-cult Among Eve of Ohana, Baessler Archives, 1971, p 187-206. 71. Culwick, A.T., Good Out of Africa, A Study in the Relativity of Morals, The Rhodes-Liv- ingstone Papers, No 8, 1943. 72. Cunnison, I., The Luapula Peoples of Northern Rhodesia, Manchester: Manchester Univ. Press, 1959. 73. Daryll Forde (ed.), African Worlds, London: Oxford University Press, 1954. 74. Davidson, Basil, The African Genius, London: 1969. 75. Davies, R Trevov, Four centuries of Witchcraft, Belley, London: Melhuen, 1947. 76. Dawson, J.L., Temne Witchcraft Vocabulary, Sierra Leone Language Review, No 2 1963. 77. Debrummer, Rev. H., Witchcraft in Ghana, Presbyterian Book Depot, Accra 1961. (Brown, Knight, and Truscott, London). 78. Desamonde, William, Magic, Myth and Money. Glencoe Jillians: Free press, 1962. 79. Dionisi, M.R., The religions of the Inhabitants of the Rwanda, Annali del Pontificio Museo, Ethnological Missionaries, Rome 1970, 1972. 80. Doob, L.W. Healers, Followers and Attitudes Toward Authority, L.A. Fallers (ed), The Kenya Meu, London: Oxford University Press, 1961, pp 336-356. 81. Douglas, Mary, Which Witch?, New Society of August 1969, 222-3. 1964. 82. Douglas, Mary, Witchcraft Beliefs in Central Africa, Muca, vol 37, No 1, 1967, pp 72- 80. 83. Douglas, M. Purity and Danger, Routledge and Regan Paul, London, 1966. 84. Douglas, Mary Techniques of Sorcery Control in Central Africa, in Witchcraft of Sorcery in E.A. Hua, pp 123-141, ed Middleton and Routledge of Kegan Paul, London, 1963. 85. Douglas, Mary Witchcraft Beliefs in Central Africa, Africa 37: 72-80, 1967. 86. Douglas, Mary, ed Kaberry, P.M., Mau in Africa, London: 1969. 87. Douglas, Mary, Kaberry, Phyllis, Man in Africa, Tavistock Publication, London, 1969. 88. Douglas, Mary, Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology, London: Barrel and Rockliff Cressett Press, 1970. 89. Douglas, Mary, The Hele of the Kasai; London: Oxford, 1963, (for International African Institute). 90. Douglas, Mary, The Tele of the Kasai, Oxford University Press London, 1903. 91. Douglas, Mary, Thirty Years After Witchcraft Oracles and Magu, Introduction to Witch- craft Confessions and Accusations, Javistock, Publicationsm London, 1970. 92. Downes, R.M., The Tv religion, Ibiden University Press, ibiden 1971. 93. Driberg, J.H., Conception of Law, Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law, Noverher, 1934. 94. Dubb, A (ed), Myth Modern Africa, Lusaka: Rhodes-Livingston Institute for Social research, 1960). 95. Durkheim, B., The Elementary Forms of the Religious LIfe, Translated by J Swain, Glen- coe, Free Press, 1961, pp52-6; 62-3, 464-72. 96. Durkheim, E, Elementary Forms of the Religious Life, London: George Allon ad Unwin, 1915. 97. East, Rupert, Akiga’s STory: The Sir Juke as Seen Beyond of its Members, Oxford Univer-

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Ch VI Mystical Disturbance and Ritual Adjustment, pp 216-267. 157. Gluckman, Max, Psychological, Sociological and Anthropological Explanations of Witch- craft and Gossip: A Clarification, 1968. 158. Gluckman, Max, The Logic in Witchcraft, Custom and Conflict, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1956. 159. Gluckmen, Max, “The Logic in Witchcraft” in Custom and Conflict. Oxford: Basil Black- well, 1956 p 81-108 160. Goodwin, Charles, W. Graeco-Egyptian Work Upon Magic, Cambridge: Deighton, 1852. 161. Gray, R. and D. B. Birmingham, Pre-Colonial African Trades. London: 1970. 162. Gray, R. and D.B. Birmingham, pre-Colonial African Trades, London 163. Gray, Roberts, Some Structural Aspects of Mbugwe Witchcraft, in Witchcraft and Sor- cery in E. Africa pp 143-173 ed. Middleton Winter Routledge of Kegan Paul, London, 1963. 164. Gullium, P. H. ed. “Transition East Africa”. London: Ruthluge and Kyan Paul. 1969. 165. Gullium, P. H., Social Control in East African Society: “Process of Dispute Settle- ment.” 166. Gutkind, P. C. W., “The Passage of Tribal Man in Africa”, Special Issue. Journal of Asian and African Studies No. 1-2, Vol 5, 1970. 167. Gwengwe, John W. and A.V. Risdon. Educating Away Your Fears of Witchcraft, Blautyre, Malawi: Hetherwick Press, 1967. 168. Hamad-Tooke, W. D., Urbanization and the Interpretation of Misfortune: Africa, 40, 1, Jan. 1970, p. 25-39. 169. Harries, L. “Notes on Mythology of the Bantu in the Ravuma District.” INR, No. 12, 1941. 170. Harris, Grace. Possession “Hysteria” in a Kenya Tribe. American Anthropologists, vol. 56, No. 6, 1957, pp. 1046-1066. 171. Harris, W.T. and Sawyer, H. The Springs of Mende Belief and Conduct: Belief in the Super- natural among the Mende. Freetown, Sierra Leone University Press: 1968. 172. Hartman, Sven and Edsman, C. (eds). Mysticism. Based on papers read at the Sympo- sium on Mysticism held at Äbo on Sept. 7-9, 1968. Stockholm, Amguist and Wiksell, 1970. 173. Hartwig, Gerald W. “Long Distance Trade and the Evolution of Sorcery Among the Kerebe. Conference Paper. Dahe Assembly, March, 1970. 174. Harwood, Alan. Witchcraft, Sorcery and Social Categories among the Safura (Interna- tional African Institute, London: Oxford University Press, 1970). 175. Haule, Cosmos. Bantu “Witchcraft” and Christian Morality, Schöuech-Bechemreid, Swit- zerland, Nouvelle Revue de Science Missionaire, 1969. 176. Hayward, V. E., African Independent Church Movements. Edinburgh: Edinburgh House Press, Research Pamphlet No. 11. 177. Hellmann, Ellen. Nature Life in a Johannesburg Slum Yard. Africa. 8: 34-61. 1935. 178. Hellmann, Ellen. Rooiyard A Sociological Study of an Urban Nature Slum Yard. Rhodes Livingston Papers, No. 13. 1948 179. Hemans, T. J. The Exorcism of Evil Spirits or Modern Exorcism, NADA (Salisbury), vol. 10, No. 2, 1970, pp. 64-6. 180. Herrell-Bond, Barbara. Let Us Break Bread Together: Social Relationships Among the Professional Group in Sierra Leone. 181. Hobley, C. W. Bantu Belief and Magic. London: Witherby, 1938. 182. Hobley, C. W. Ethnology of Akamba and Other East African Tribes. Cambridge 1910. 183. Hodder, B. W. and D. R. Harris 184. Hodder, B.W. and D. R. Harris, Africa in Transition, Methuen and Co. 1967

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185. Hodgson, A.G.C, “Rainmaking, Witchcraft and Medicine among the Anyangja, Man XXXI 1931 p. 266-270 186. Hodgson, A.G.O, Notes on the Achewa and Angoni of the Dowa District of the Nyasaland Protectorate, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Vol 63, pp 123-164 187. Hodgson, A.G.O, Rainmaking, Witchcraft and Medicine Among the Anyanja, Man, No. 263. Dec. 1931, pp 266-71 188. Hodgson, A.G.O, Rainmaking, Witchcraft, and Medicine Among the Anyanja, Man XXXI: 266-270 189. Hogg, Garry, Cannibalism and Huron Sacrifice, London: Robert Halo, 1958 190. Holleman, J. F., Indigenous Administration of Justice, NADA, No 32, 1955, pp. 44-47 191. Holleman, J.F., Indigenous Administration of Justice, NADA, No 32, 1955, pp. 44-47. 192. Horton, R. African Tradition and Thoughts, Western Science, Africa 37: 50-71 193. Horton, R. African Traditional Thoughts Western Service, Africa 37: 50-71 194. Howell, P.P. JBA Lewis, Nuer Cluls: A form of Witchcraft, SNR XXVIII:157-168. 195. Howman, Roger., Witchcraft and Law, NADA No. 25, 1947, P.P 1-18 196. Hughes, A.F.B., Uzimu: Some Preliminary Notes on Vengeance Magic Among the Rhode- sian People, Human Problems in Central Africa, 19: 27-45 197. Hunter, M., Reaction to Conquest, Oxford University Press. London, 1936 198. Huntingford, 6. WB, Nandi Witchcraft, In Witchcraft of Sorcery in E. Africa pp. 175-186, ed. Middleton of Winter Routledge of Kegan Pal London 199. Huntingford, G.W.B, “Charms used by Nandi Women” Man 1927, XXVII, p. 209- 210 200. Huntingford, G.W.B., “Charms used by Nandi Women” Man 1927, XXVII, p. 209- 210 201. Huntingford, GWB, Ghosts and Devils in East Africa, Man, London, 1928 vol. XXVIII p. 76-78 202. Hutton, Webster, Magic, A Sociological Study, Stanford Culif: Stanford University Press, 1948. 203. Idowu, E. Bolaji, African Traditional Religion: A Definition, Marywell Press, NY, Orbis, 1973 204. Idowu, EB, African Traditional Religion: A Definition, Marywell Press, NY, Orbis, 1973 205. Independent Black Africa, The Politics of Freedom, W.D, Hannah (ed.), Chicago: Rand McNally, 1964, p 208-234. 206. Jahoda, G. Social aspirations, Magic and Witchcraft in Ghana: A Social Psychological Interpretation. M P.C. Llyod New Elites of Tropical Africa (London Oxford U.P. for 2A2, 1966). Pp- 199-212 207. Jahoda, G., “Witchcraft Magic and Literacy” in New Society, No 16, vol. 4, January 17, 1963, pp 15-17 208. Jahoda, G., Persistence of Supernatural Beliefs among Ghanaian University Students, in Witchcraft and Healing pp. 43-54 Center of African Studies Edinburgh 209. Jahoda, G., Social Aspirations, Magic and Witchcraft in Ghana: A Social Psychologi- cal Interpretation, in New Elites of Tropical Africa, ed. P.C. Lloyd, London, Cambridge, 1966 210. Jahoda, G., Social Aspirations, Magic and Witchcraft in Ghana: A Social Psychological Interpretation, in New Elites of Tropical Africa, ed. P.C. Lloyd, pp. 199-212, London, Cam- bridge, 1964 211. Jahoda, G., Traitional Healers and Other Institutions Concerned with Mental Illness in Ghana. International Journal of Psychiatry vol. 7, 1961, pp 245-268 212. Jahoda, G., Witchcraft, Magic and Sorcery, New Society 1: 16, 15-17, January 17, 1963

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213. Jannu, RES, The Sorcery in Northern Sukumaland, Tanganyika, SWJA 12: 437-443. 214. Jon Hoffman, Carl (Eugene Lohuke, ed.) Jungle Gods, London: Constable and Co. 1929 215. Jones, G.I, Basutoland Medicine Murder: A Report on the Recent Outbreak of ‘Diretlo’ Murders in Basutoland. Cund 8209. London: HMSO, 1958, Secretary of State for Com- monwealth Relations to Parliament 216. Jones, G.I, Witchcraft in Biojia and Eastern Nigeria: A Comparative Study, Paper Present- ed at ASA Conference Cambridge 1968 217. Jones, G.I., A Boundary to Accusations, in Mary Douglas, ed. Witchcraft Confessions and Accusations, London: Tavistock, 1970, p321-332 218. Kaberry, Phyllis, Witchcraft of the Senu: Incest in NSO, in Man in Africa ed. Douglas, p. Kaberry, pp 174-195 219. Kaigh, Frederick. Witchcraft and Magic in Africa, London: R≥ Lesley, 1947. 220. Kato, L.L, Rethinking Witchcraft Legislation in East Africa, E.A. ISR University Social Source, Confirme, Law Papers, 1968. (Kampala, Uganda) 221. Kato, Litapigwa L., “Functional Psychosis and Witchcraft Fears: Excuses to Criminal Re- sponsibility in East Africa.” Law and Society, vol. 4, No. 3, 1970, pp 385-406 222. Kennedy, John G., Psychological and Social Explanations of Witchcraft, Man 2, 2. June 1967 p 216-225 223. Kennedy, John G., Psychological and Social Explanations of Witchcraft: A Comparison of Clyde Kluckhohn of E.E Evans Put Chafer, Man A.S 2 pp:n216-225. 224. Kennedy, John G., Psychosocial Dynamics of Witchcraft and Sorcery. Bulletins of the American Anthropological Association. September 1968. 225. Kilson, Manion, Ambivalence and Power: Mediums in GA Traditional Religions, Journal of African Religions vol. IV Fasc. 3. 1972 p. 171 226. Kimble, George, Tropical Africa, vol. I, II, New York: Twentieth Century Fund. 227. Kluckhohn, Clyde, Navaho Witchcraft, Cambridge, Mass: Peabody Museum Papers, Har- vard University, vol 22, No 2, 1944 228. Kluckhohn, Clyde, Navaho Witchcraft, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1944. 229. Knud, Ochsner, Church, School, and the Clash of Cultures: (Tanzania), Journal of African Religions Vol. IV, Fasc. 2, Leiden, 1971 230. Kopytoff, Igor, A Witchcraft Complex: The Problems of Explanation, Paper Presented at ASA Conference, Cambridge, London 1968 231. Krige, E.J. and J.D., The Realm of the Rain Queen, London: Oxford, 1943. 232. Krige, J.D. and E.J. Krige, Realm of a Rain Queen, University Press London, 1943. 233. Krige, J.D., “The Social Function of Witchcraft”, Theories, 1947. 234. Krige, J.D., Reader in Comparative religion, Leasa, WA and EZ, Vogt Eds, Rowm Peterson and Co, Evanston, 1958, p. 283-294. 235. Krige, J.D., The Social Function of Witchcraft, A Journal Studies on the Arts Faculty, Natu- ral University College, I: 8-21, 1958 236. Kuper H, And African Aristocracy, Oxford University Press, London, 1947. 237. Kushner, Gilbert, An African Revitilization Movement, Mau Mau, Anthropos, vol 60, pp 763-802, 1963. 238. La Fontaine, J.S., The Gisu of Uganda, London: International Museu Institute, Ethno- graphic Survey of Africa, 1959. 239. La Fontaine, Jean, Witchcraft in Bugisu, in WItchcraft of Sorcery in East Africa pp 187- 220, 1963. 240. La marchand, René, Congo (Leopoldville), Political Politics and National Integration in Tropical Africa, (J.S. Coleman & C.G. Rosberg Jr., ed. Berkeley, U. of California Press, 1964. 241. Lanternar, Vittorio, The religion of the Oppressed, London: MacGibbon & Kee, 1963.

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301. Melland, frank, Ethical and Political Aspects of African Witchcraft, Africa 8: 495-503, 1935. 302. Mendelsohn, Jack, God, Allah, and JuJu: Religion in Africa today, Beacon Press Boston, 19645. 303. Mends, E.H., The Concept of Mbusu in the Ritual Ceremonies of the Fante, Obama Bul- letin— Theology, 1972. 304. Merriam, Alan, Congo Background of Conflict, Evanston? Northwestern? 1961. 305. Middleton, John (ed.) Magic, Witchcraft, and Learning. Garde, City N.Y. Natural History Press. 306. Middleton, John and David Tait, eds. Tribes Without Rulers: Studies in African Segmen- tary Systems. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1958. 307. Middleton, John and Greet Kershaw. The Kikgura and Kamba of Kenya: “The Central Tribes of the North-Eastern Bantu,” London: International African Institute 1965. 308. Middleton, John and Winter, E. H. (eds). Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa. (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963.) 309. Middleton, John, Lugbara Religion, Oxford University press, London, 1960. 310. Middleton, John, The concept of “Bewitching” in Lumbar, Africa 25: 252-60, 1955. 311. Middleton, John. ed. Black Africa. Toronto: Macmillan Co, 1970. 312. Middleton, John. Gods and Virtuals; Headways in Religious Beliefs and Practices. Garden City, NY: Natural History Press, 1967. 313. Middleton, John. Lugburra Religion: Ritual and Anthology Among an East African People. Second Printing. 1969. 314. Middleton, John. Myth and Cosmos. Garden City Press: Natural History Press, 1967. 315. Middleton, John. Review, Witchcraft of Sorcery in Rhodesia by J.R. Crawford. AA70: 1205-1206. 316. Middleton, John. The Concept of Bewitching in Lugbara. Africa. Vol. 25, No. 3 1955 pp. 252-260. 317. Middleton, John. The Lugbara. Hart, Rinehartland Winston. New York. 318. Milner, A. “M’Naghhen and the Witch Doctor: Psychiatry and Crime in Africa.” Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. Review, vol. 114, June, 1966, pp. 1134-1169. 319. Milner, Alan ed. African Penal Systems, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1969. Ch. 4 “Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, by James S. Read, pp89-164. 320. Milner, Alan. The African Law Reports, Malawi Series, vol 1-4. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. Oceania; 1968. 321. Mitchell, J. Clyde. The Meaning in Misfortune for Urban Africans, in M. Fortes and G. Dieterlen (eds.), African Systems of Thought. Pp. 192-202 Oxford University Press. Lon- don. 322. Mitchell, J. Clyde. The Yao of Southern Nyasaland in E. Colson ed M. Gluckman, eds, Senu Tribes of British Central Africa. 323. Mitchell, J. Clyde. The Yao Village. Manchester University Press, Manchester for Rhodes- Livingstone Instititue. 1956. 324. Mofels. T. Chaka: an historical Romance. Translated from the original Sesuto by F.H. Sut- ton. Oxford University Press. London. 1967 325. Monsouga, Nicholas. Ambivalence and the Cult of Possession: A Contribution to the Study of Bori-hausa. Editions Anthropos, Paris: 1972. 326. Monter, E. William ed. European Witchcraft. Major Issues in History Series. John Willey and Sons—New York. 1969. 327. Morris, H. F. and James S. Reod. Uganda: The Development of its Laws and Constitution. In The British Commonwealth. London: Stevens, 1966. 328. Mors, O. “Soothsaying among the Bahaya”. Anthropos vol. 46. No. 5 /6. p. 825-852. 1951. 329. Morton, Williams. “The Atinga Cult among the South-Western Yorula: A Sociologi-

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cal Analysis of a Witch-Finding Movement”. Bulletin dec’ I.F.A.N. xviii 3/ 4 p. 315-334 (1956). 330. Munday, Rev. J. T. “The Fear of Witchcraft”. The Northern Rhodesia Journal. No III, Vol II: 48-55. 1954. 331. Munday, Rev. J. T. Witchcraft in England and in Central Africa in Witchcraft pp. 27-51. By J.T. Munday, E. M. Veules and G.W. Broomfield. 1951 332. Munday, Rev. J. T., Veules, E. M. and G.W. Broomfield. Witchcraft. London. Central Africa House Press. 1951. 333. Murdock, George P. Africa: Its Peoples and Culture. 334. Murdock, George Peter. Theories and Illness: A World Survey. Pittsburg: University of Pittsburg Press. 1980. 335. Murphee, Marshall W. Christianity and the Shona. University of London Athlone Press. LSE Monograph on Social Anthropology. No. 36. 1969. 336. Murry, Margaret A. The God of the Witches. London, Faber and Faber, 1952. 337. Mutungi. O. K. Witchcraft and the Criminal Law in East Africa. Valpaviso Law Review Indiana (Forthcoming). 338. Mutura, Credo. My People: Writings of Azulu Witchdoctor. Anthony Blond. London: 1969. 339. NADA (journal). 1934. III pp. 23-26. Witchcraft. 340. Nadel, S. F. “Witchcraft and Anti-Witchcraft in Nupe Society”. Africa (1935) viii, 4, pp. 423-447. 341. Nadel, S. F. Nupe Religion. Routeledge and Kegan Paul. London: 1954. 342. Nadel, S. F. Witchcraft in Four African Societies: An Essay in Compassion. AA. 54: 18-29. 1952. 343. Nadel, S.F. Witchcraft in Four African Societies, American Amthropologist, vol 54, No 1, 1952, pp 18-29. 344. Ndeti, Kigute, Moral and Traditional Sanctions of the Kamba People, Pan African Journal, vol 3, no 3, summer 1970, p. 187-202. 345. Nigeria Magazine, 53: 119-134, “Cherubim and Seraphim” Religious Sects. 346. Norbeck, Edward Religion in Primitive Society, New York: Harpers, 1961. 347. Norbeck, Edward, African Rituals of Conflict, American Anthropologists, vol ?, No ?, 1963. 348. Nzakara, C.L., Oracles et Ordalies, Anne Retel-Laurentin, Mouton, 1969. 349. Oesterreich, J.K., Possession Demoniacal and Other, New York: Richard R. Smith, Inc. 1930. 350. Oesterreich, TK, Possession— Demonical and Other Among Primitive Races in Antiquity, the mIddle Ages— Modern Times, London, Trench, Trubner and Co, Ltd., 1930. 351. Okonkwo, C.O. and Jau Mcloan, Cases and Crucial law, Procedure and Evolution of Nige- ria, 1954. 352. Pachi, B., Editor, The Memoirs of a Malawian: The Story of Lewis Mataka Bandawe. , Christian Literature Association of Malawi, ?. 353. Park, G.K., Divination and its Social Contexts, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Insti- tute, vol 93, No. 2, pp 195-209, ?. 354. Parkin, David J, Medicines and Men of Influence, Man, Vol. 3, No, 4, 1968. 355. Parkin, David J., Politics of Ritual Syncretism: Islam Among the Non-Muslim giriama of Kenya, Africa, Vol. 60, No. 3, 1970, pp 217-232. 356. Parrinder, E.G. Religion in Africa, American Athropology, 1971, p 365-368. 357. Parrinder, G., African Mythology, London 1967. 358. Parrinder, G., Witchcraft: European and African, Faber and Faber— London. 1965. 359. Parrinder, I: E.G. African Traditional Religion, London 2nd ed. 1962; Il: West African Religion, London 2n ed., 1961; III: Religion in African Cty, London 1953; IV: Witchcraft, London 1958; V: Comparative Religion, London 1962; African Religion Harmondsworth/

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NY 1969. 360. Parriner, Edward G., Witchcraft: European and African, London: Faber and Faber, 1963. 361. Parsons, Anne, Expressive Symbolism in Witchcraft and Delusion, Comparative Study, Belief, Magic of Anomie?, p 177-203, 1969. 362. Parsons, Elsie, Witchcraft, Witchcraft Among the Pueblos: Zudian and Spanish, Man Vol 27:70-80 (2 parts), 1927. 363. Passin, Hubert, Sorcery as a Phase of Tarahumara Economic Relations, Man 42: 11-15, 1942. 364. Paulme, Denise, Les Gens du Riz, 1954. 365. Peacock, 7, Witchcraft and its Effects on Crime in East Africa, Police Journal London, vol II, p 121-131, 1929. 366. Penley, E.W., Superstition Among the Jukana, Man XXX 1930, p. 139-140. 367. Perryman, P.W., Native Witchcraft, Uganda Journal, vol 4, No 1, 1937. 368. Perryman, PW, Native Witchcraft (Among the Bagishu of Mount Elgon), Typewritten MSS, Rhodes House Library, Oxford, 1923. 369. Pi-Sunyer, O, Religion of Witchcraft: Spanish Attitudes of Pueblo Reactions, Anthropo- logical:1, p. 66-75, 1960. 370. Pitt-Rivers, Julian, The Image of the Witchcraft: The Nagual, Presented at A.S.A. Confer- ence Cambridge, April 1970. 371. Price-Williams, D.R., A Case Study of Ideas Concerning Disease Among the Sur, African XXXIII, 123-131. 372. Price-Williams, D.R., Displacement and Duality in ? Witchcraft, J. Social Psychology 65: 1-15, 1965. 373. Price, T. More about the Maravi. African Studies. 11 (2), 75-79. 1952. 374. Prince, R. The Yoruba Image of the Witch. Journal of Mental Science. 107(7): 795-805, 1961. 375. Prins, A. H. J. Islamic Maritime Magic: A Ship’s Charm from Lamu. In H. Greschat and H. Jungraithmayr, eds. Wort und Religion, 294-304, Stuttgart: Evangelischen Missionsverlag, 1969. 376. Radin, Paul. Primitive Religion. N.Y: Dover Publications, 1957. 377. Ranger, T O. The African Churches of Tanzania. Nairobi: East Africa Publ. House, 1969. 378. Ranger, T. O. The Historical Study of African Religion. Univ. of Calif. Pr, 1972. 379. Ranger, T. O. Witchcraft Eradication Movements in Central and Southern Tanzania and Their Connections with the Maji-Maji Rising, History Conference, Dar es Salaam, UC Dar, 1966 Paper 380. Rawcliffe, Donovan H. The Struggle for Kenya. London: Gollancz, 1954. 381. Read, Margaret. The Ngoni of Nyasaland. London [etc.: Oxford University Press, 1956. 382. Redmayne, Alison. “Chikanga: an African Diviner with an International Reputation.” Witchcraft, Confession & Accusation. (1970): 103-128. 383. Reynolds, Barrie. Magic, Divination, and Witchcraft Among the Barotse of Northern Rhodesia. London: Chatto & Windus, 1963. 384. Richards, Audrey I. “A Modern Movement of Witch-Finders.” Africa. 8 (1935). 385. Richards, Audrey I. “229.” Man, vol. 64, 1964, pp. 187–188. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/sta- ble/2796589. 386. Richards, Audrey I. East African Chiefs: A Study of Political Development in Some Uganda and Tanganyika Tribes. New York: Praeger, 1959. 387. Rigby, A. Witchcraft, Kinship and Authority in Gogo. Place of publication not identified: Author, 1962. 388. Rivière, Peter. “Factions and Exclusions in Two South American Village Systems.” Witch- craft, Confession & Accusation. (1970): 245-255. 389. Robbins, Rossell H. The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology. New York: Crown,

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1959. 390. Roberts, C C. “Witchcraft and Colonial Legislation.” The African Explains Witchcraft. (1935): 488-494. 391. Róheim, Géza. Witches of Normanby Island. Glebe: Australian Med. Publ. Co, 1948. 392. Rose, B.W. “African and European Magic: A First Comparative Study of Beliefs and Prac- tices.” African Studies 25 (1) 1-9. 1964. 393. Rose, Ronald. Living Magic. the Realities Underlying the Psychical Practices and Beliefs of Australian Aborigines. [with Plates, Including Portraits.]. London, 1957. 394. Ross, A. C. 1969. ‘The political role of the witchfinder in southern Malawi during the crisis of October 1964 to May 1965’ in R. G. Willis (ed.), Witchcraft and Healing: Proceedings of a Seminar Held in the Centre of African Studies, University of Edinburgh, 14th and 15th February 1969. pp. 55–64. 395. Ruel, M J. “Witchcraft Beliefs in an African Society.” Folklore. 74.4 (1963): 563-564. 396. Ruel, Malcolm. “Witchcraft, Morality and Doubt.” Odù: Journal of Yoruba and Related Studies. 2.1 (1965): 3-27. 397. Sampson, Harold F. The White-Faced Huts: Witchcraft in the Transkei. Johannesburg: Voortrekkerpers, 1969. 398. Sangree, Walter H. Age, Prayer and Politics in Tiriki, Kenya. New York: Published on behalf of the East African Institute of Social Research [by] Oxford University Press, 1966. 399. Santandrea, Stefano. “Evil and Witchcraft Among the Ndogo Group of Tribes.” Africa. 11 (1938): 459-481. 400. Schapera, I. “Witchcraft Beyond Reasonable Doubt.” Man. 55 (1955): 72. 401. Schapera, Isaac. “Sorcery and Witchcraft in Bechuanaland.” African Affairs. 51.202 (1952): 41-52. 402. Schüler, O. Nyakyusa Konde: The African Explains Witchcraft. London: Milford, 1935. 403. Scobie, Alastair. Murder for Magic: Witchcraft in Africa. London: Cassell, 1965. 404. Seidman, R B. “Witch Murder and Mens Rea: a Problem of Society Under Radical Social Change.” The Modern Law Review. 28.1 (1965): 46-61. 405. Seidman, Robert.B. A Sourcebook of the Criminal Law of Africa: Cases, Statutes and Materials. London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1966. 406. Sempangi, F. K. Witchcraft and Demonology. Kampala: Makerere University, 1967 (Dip. Fine Art thesis). 407. Seth, Ronald. Witches and Their Craft. London: Odhams, 1967. 408. Shepperson, George. “Nyasaland and the Millennium.” In John Middleton (ed.), Black Africa: Its Peoples and Their Cultures Today. New York: Macmillan, 1970. pp.234-247. 409. Shorter, Aylward. “The Migawo: Peripheral Spirit Possession and Christian Prejudice.” Anthropos. 65 (1970). 410. Slater, Mariam K. African Odyssey: An Anthropological Adventure. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1977. 411. Smith, Donald E. Religion, Politics, and Social Change in the Third World: A Sourcebook. New York: Free Press, 1971. 412. Smith, Marian W. “Towards a Classification of Cult Movements.” Man. 59 (1959): 8-12. 413. Southall, Aidan W. Alur Society: A Study in Processes and Types of Domination. Cam- bridge: W. Heffer & Sons, 1953. 414. Spiro, Melford E. “Sorcery, Evil Spirits, and Functional Analysis: a Rejoinder.” American Anthropologist. 63.4 (1961): 820-824. 415. Spooner, Brian. “The Evil Eye in the Middle East.” Socialization. (1970): 311-319. 416. Ssekamwa, John C. “Witchcraft in Buganda Today.” Transition. (1967): 31-39. 417. Sundkler, Bengt G. M. Bandu Prophets in South Africa. London: Lutterworth, 1948. 418. Swantz, Marja Liisa. Religious and Magical Rites Connected with the Life Cycle of Women in Some Bantu Ethnic Groups of Tanzania. Nordic Tanganyika Project: Dar es Salaam, 1966.

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419. Tait, David. “Konkomba Sorcery.” In John Middleton (ed.), Magic, Witchcraft, and Curing. Garden City, N.Y: Natural History Press, 1967. pp. 155-170. 420. Tanner, R E. S. “The Magician in Northern Sukumaland, Tanganyika.” Southwestern Jour- nal of Anthropology. 13.4 (1957): 344-351. 421. Tanner, R E. S. The Witch Murders in Sukumaland: A Sociological Commentary. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1970. 422. The Study of Africa (McEwan & Sutcliffe), London: Methuen 1965, p 156-183. 423. Tucker, Archibald N. “Witchcraft Applied to Animals.” Sudan Notes and Records. 14 (1931): 191-195. 424. Turner, H.W. African Prophet Movements. Hibbert Journal (London). 61 (242), 1963. pp. 112-116. 425. Turner, Paul R. “Witchcraft As Negative Charisma.” Ethnology. 9 (1970): 366-372. 426. Turner, V W. The Drums of Affliction: A Study of Religious Processes Among the Ndembu of Zambia. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. 427. Turner, Victor W. “Witchcraft and Sorcery: Taxonomy Versus Dynamics.” Africa. 34 (1964): 314-325. 428. Turner, Victor W. “Sorcery in its Social Setting: A Review Article.” African Social Research 2: 159-164, 1966. 429. Turner, Victor W. Schism and Continuity in an African Society: A Study of Ndembu Vil- lage Life. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1957. 430. Uedi, Hitoshi. Witchcraft and sorcery in Kitui of Kamba tribe (Discussion paper–Univer- sity of Nairobi, Institute of African Studies; no. 25). July 1971. 12 pp. 431. Vansina, Jan. “The Bushong Poison Ordeal.” Man in Africa / Edited by Mary Douglas and Phyllis M. Kaberry. (1971): 245-261. 432. Wedeck, Harry E. A Treasury of Witchcraft. New York, Philosophical Libr. 1961. 433. White, C M. N. Witchcraft, Divination and Magic. Lusaka?: Northern Rhodesia, 1947. 434. Willis, R G. “Kamcape: An Anti-Sorcery Movement in South-West Tanzania.” Africa. 38.1 (1968): 1-15. 435. Willis, Roy G. “Changes in Mystical Concepts and Practices Among the Fipa.” Ethnology 7(April): 139-157. 1968. 436. Wilson, Monica H. “Witch Beliefs and Social Structure.” American Journal of Sociology. 56.4 (1951): 307-313. 437. Winans, Edgar V, and Robert B. Edgerton. “Hehe Magical Justice.” American Anthropolo- gist. 66 (1964): 745-764. 438. Winter, E H. “The Enemy Within: Amba Witchcraft and Sociological Theory.” In John John Middleton, E H. Winter, and John Beattie (eds.). Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1963. 439. Wright, A C A. “The Magical Importance of Pangolins Among the Basukuma.” Tanganyika Notes and Records 36 (1954): 64. 440. Wyatt, A W. “The Lion Men of Singida.” Tanganyika Notes and Records 28 (1950): 3.

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V. Inventory of Archived Materials, MSU Africana Library URL: http://as.lib.msu.edu/repositories/2/resources/1985/ The physical inventory of the Norman Miller Collection at MSU is found in nearly 30 “banker’s boxes” each containing acid-free manila folders of materials. This boxed physical collection also follows the career timeline illustrated earlier, although the overall collection is divided into two major sections. The first contains the general Social Science holdings (government and politics, film, wildlife, environment, traditional medicine, HIV/AIDS). The second section contains the extensive witchcraft and human rights material, of which the witchcraft bibliography is a part. Social Science and Film Archives

Box 1 – Introduction and Norman Miller Publications Description: Introduction note to the collection, plus bound publications authored or co-authored by Miller, including copies of Miller’s MA and PhD theses. Folders 1. Introduction to Archives: Notes on Norman Nees Miller Africana Collection, Biography of Norman Miller, Norman Nees Miller Collected Works, Curriculum Vitae (medical school). 2. Miller, Norman N. “Kenya: Nationalism and the Press: 1951-1961.” 1962. (MA thesis, Indiana University). 3. Miller, Norman N. “Village Leadership and Modernization in Tanzania: Rural Politics Among the Nyamwezi People of Tabora Region.” 1967. (PhD dissertation, Indiana Univer- sity). 4. Miller, Norman N. ed. Research in Rural Africa, East Lansing, MI. Michigan State Univer- sity Press, 1969. 5. Miller, Norman N., and Manon L. Spitzer, eds. Faces of Change: Five Rural Societies in Transition: Bolivia, Kenya, Afghanistan, Taiwan, China Coast. Lebanon, N.H.: Published for the American Universities Field Staff by Wheelock Educational Resources, 1978. (film studies textbook) 6. Miller, Norman N. Kenya: The Quest for Prosperity. 1st edition. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1984. 7. Yeager, Rodger, and Norman N. Miller. Wildlife, Wild Death: Land Use and Survival in Eastern Africa (SUNY Series in Environmental Public Policy). Albany, N.Y.: State Univer- sity of New York Press, 1986. 8. Miller, Norman N., and Richard C. Rockwell, eds. AIDS in Africa: The Social and Policy Impact. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 1988. 9. Miller, Norman N., and Rodger Yeager. Kenya: The Quest for Prosperity. 2nd edition. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994. 10. Miller, Norman N. Encounters with Witchcraft: Field Notes from Africa. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2012. 11. Miller, Norman N. African Journey: Writing on Eastern Africa, 1969-1983 (American Universities Field Staff Reports). Hanover, NH: African-Caribbean Institute, 1994. (See section 4 of Miller Bibliography in Folder 1.)

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12. Miscellaneous Faces of Change Film Documents [multiple articles] 13. Miller Journal Articles [multiple articles] a. “The Political Survival of Traditional Leadership.” The Journal of Modern African Studies 6.2 (1968): 183–198. b. “Political Mobility and the Pedestrian Society.” Canadian Journal of African Studies 4.1 (1970): 17–31. c. “The Rural African Party: Political Participation in Tanzania.” The American Political Science Review 64.2 (1970): 548–571. d. “The Other Somalia.” 1983. Horn of Africa: An Independent Journal. Volume 5, No. 3: 3-19. e. “Education for What? Faces of Change for the Kenya Boran.” Ekistics 43.259 (1977): 342–45. 14. Rural Africana (sample issue) 15. Miscellaneous Miller articles a. “Witchcraft and Sorcery in Tanzania.” A Fieldstaff Teaching Publication. 1975? b. Hans Cory Collection – Library Bulletin No. 52. 1966. 16. Introduction to Africa’s Conservation for Development ______

Box 2 – World Field Trip, Exploration, and Field Preparation (19591963) Description: In 1959, Norman Miller began an around-the-world journey (21 months), which took him through Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. Copies of his India and Africa journals constitute folders 2 and 3. Field Journals from author’s round-the-world trip in 1959, fieldwork and course notes for doctoral work, bibliographic materials, unpublished manuscript. Folders 1. Introduction to Box 2, World Field Journal Photo-Collage, Photographs 2. World Field Journal, Saigon to Congo, 19591960 3. World Field Journal, Congo – Germany, 1960 4. Preparation for Fieldwork, Indiana University Ph.D. program, 1963 5. Preparation for Fieldwork, Readings on Local Politics, IU, 1963 6. Preparation for Fieldwork, Logic of Science graduate course, IU, 1963 7. Annotated Bibliography on African Nationalism (unpublished MS.), IU, 1962 8. Miller unpublished manuscript: Vagabond’s Road (20 chapters, 23 countries), 1962-1963 (see folder 3a) 9. PhD preparation – bibliography [3x5 cards] 10. Who’s Who in East Africa, 1963; Africa’s Conservation for Development (copy 2) ______Box 3 – East African Fieldwork (1964-1965) Description: East African field notes in 4 bound volumes organized by region, punch card search system, bound documents, 4 books on Nyeri district, Kenya. Note on East African Field Notes: Box 3, Folders 2-5, are duplicate hardcopy (green bound volumes) of the Miller Field Notes organized by loca- tion of the fieldwork (Nairobi; Nyeri District, Kenya; Tabora District, Tanzania;

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Rungwe District, Tanzania; Coastal Region, Tanzania. These pages are in rough chronological order but have been reorganized to allow researchers to focus on the material from the five districts. Norman Miller’s 554 pages of field notes (843 .tif files) can be searched online at https://normanmillerarchive.com/field- note-database/. The Lost Data Punch Card Search System described below can be used to retrieve data on those electronic files. Note on Lost Data Punch Card Search System (Box 3, Folder 6): This unique pre-computer system was devised by Norman Miller in the field, to retrieve immediately specific data from the 554 pages of field notes. It is a “needle- stick” system whereby a long metal needle is thrust through a specific hole in the card that relates to the master card index system. For example, hole 27 can be “All Witchcraft.” The resulting 32 cards with this hole punched out would refer to those field notes on that topic. These hard copy punch cards are dupli- cated in the electronic search system available at https://normanmillerarchive. com/field-note-database/. Folders 1. Introduction to Box 3, Fieldwork administration, planning and finances (to be sent later), 1963 2. East African Field Notes, 1964-65 [4 bound volumes organized by region]: Volume 1: London-Nairobi Arrival; Nyeri District Research; Kenya Regional, safari research; Tabora, Tanzania research 3. East African Field Notes, 1964-65 [4 bound volumes organized by region]: Volume 2: Kisarawe, Tanzania research; Safari notes, Arusha, Bukoba, Uganda, Mwanza, Mpanda 4. East African Field Notes, 1964-65 [4 bound volumes organized by region]: Volume 3: Rungwe District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania 5. East African Field Notes, 1964-65 [4 bound volumes organized by region]: Volume 4: Kisarawe District II, Coast Region, Tanzania 6. Punch Card Search System (used for Miller Ph.D. research on political leadership and cultural anthropology at Indiana University, 1964-65). See https://normanmillerarchive.com/ field-note-database/ for electronic version of Punch Card Index Master File. a. Guide to the pre-computer field note search system b. Metal needle used for sorting field data punch cards c. Index to field data 7. Punch Card Search System 8. Fieldwork Nyeri District, Leadership and Village Questionnaire blanks forms, Kenya, 1964 9. Fieldwork, Nyeri District, Kenya, 1964 10. Fieldwork, Nyeri District, Kenya, agriculture, local government, 1963 11. Fieldwork, Nyeri District, Kenya, coops, agriculture, 1964 12. Fieldwork Nyeri District, Kenya, local government, 1964 13. Fieldwork, Nyeri District, Kenya, political parties, unions 1964 14. Fieldwork, Nyeri District, Kenya, ethnographic notes 1964 15. Fieldwork, Nyeri District, Kenya, Administration, Correspondence, 1965 16. Bound documents – 10 research documents on Nyeri district, collected 1964 17. Specialized books on Nyeri district a. Leonard, Rural Administration in Kenya b. Sorenson, Land Reform in the Kikuyu Country c. Ruthenberg, African Agricultural Production Development Policy in Kenya 1952-1965

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d. Dutto, Nyeri Townsmen Kenya

______Box 4 – East Africa Research – Three districts in Tanzania (1964-1965) Description: Questionnaires, notes, maps, and other materials used in field work in Tabora, Rungwe, and Kisarawe districts, Tanzania. Folders 1. Introduction to Box 4, Tabora District, Tanzania, extracts of field notes, field administration 2. Miscellaneous questionnaires, Tabora, 1965 3. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Sukumaland, 1964-1965 4. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Original Questionnaires, 1964-1965 5. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Questionnaires, 1964-1965 6. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Questionnaires, 1964-1965 7. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Voluntary Associations, 1964-1965 8. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Village Administration, 1964-1965 9. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Usagari village – general, 1964-1965 10. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Tabora Leaders, 1964-1965 11. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Questionnaires, methodology, field questions, 1964-1965 12. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Committees, Students, Questionnaire analysis, 1964-1965 13. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Tabora Administration, 1964-1965 14. Fieldwork, Tabora District, Tabora - general, 1964-1965 15. Fieldwork, Rungwe District - general notes, 1965 16. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Maps, Data, Personal Histories, Surveys, 1965 17. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Political Notes, History Mbeya region, 1965 18. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Ethnographic Notes, History Mbeya region, 1965 19. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Field Note Extracts, Reading Notes, 1965 20. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Mbeya Province, Administration, 1965 21. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, District Council, Local government, 1965 22. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Political Party, 1965 23. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Ethnography, 1965 24. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Village research files, 1965 25. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Village questionnaires, 1965 26. Fieldwork, Rungwe District, Original village questionnaires, 1965 27. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Tanzania, Study, field diary, 1965 28. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Village file 29. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Coast Village I, 1964-1965 30. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, New Projects, 1964-1965 31. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Coast: Maneromawgo Village 32. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Tanzania: 2 leaders, documents 33. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Coast Questionnaires 34. Fieldwork Kisarawe District, Original Questionnaires 35. University of Dar es Salaam Institute of Public Administration, 1965 ______Box 5 – Post-Fieldwork Analysis & American Universities Field Staff (1966-1985) Description: Files containing dissertation materials and analysis, press

61 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive clippings, teaching notes (MSU and Dartmouth), field project logs. Folders 36. Revised Thesis Outline, 1966 37. Leadership Data, Coding Questions, 1966 38. 120 document index, 1966 39. 120 document subject index, 1966 40. Index to Field Data, 1966 41. Lost Data Project leadership questionnaire, 1966 42. Thesis Analysis, Leadership Data, 1966 43. Lost Data Project original codebook, 1966 44. Leadership Codebook, printouts, sample analysis, 1966 45. Press Clippings, Local Government, Politics 1966 46. Index to Clipping File, 1966 47. Search System for PhD analysis, 1966 48. Leadership Survey – Analysis, 1966 49. Leadership Survey – Analysis – 3 district comparisons, 1966 50. Leadership Survey – Cross-breaks, 1966 51. PhD Dissertation Outlines, 1966 52. Leadership Survey – Analysis, unpublished papers, 1966 53. Draft article on Tanzania elections, 1966 54. PhD final examination announcement, 1966 55. Hans Cory Collection, 1965 56. Graduate Student Analysis, 1967 57. Institution-building project, grant, 1968 58. Rural research study – Rosberg, Liebenow, 1968 59. MSU Field Techniques Course (Miller taught) – Lecture files, 1967-1968 60. Placeholder for American Universities Field Staff Reports (1969-1985) which may be found in Box 1, Folder 5 of archives (appears here chronologically) 61. Sample analysis Leadership Survey 1966-1968 62. PhD examinations, 1963 63. African course outlines, 1963-1968 64. Sample materials “Faces of Change series” 1971-76 65. Development Project histories, 1971-1989 66. Swahili language notes, 1999 67. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – Introduction, 1982-2002 68. Dartmouth College Environmental Studies Teaching Materials and Overheads, ENVS 85, ENVS 7, 1982-2002 69. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – Human Poverty, 1982-2002 70. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – Defining Environment, Fragile Eco- systems, 1982-2002 71. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – African Environment, 1982-2002 72. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – Environmental Policy, 1982-2002 73. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – Miscellaneous Research Topics, 1982- 2002 74. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 85 – Medical Systems, 1982-2002 75. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 7 – Introduction, 1982-2002 76. Dartmouth College Teaching Materials, ENVS 7 – Desertification, 1982-2002 77. Field project logs: Log Kenya and Tanzania (1980); Dartmouth Kenya Foreign Study Project and Field Notes (1981-1983); Kenya UNEP Project Log (1985-1986); Project Log (HIV/AIDS Kenya) (1985-1986); Safari Log Kenya Tanzania (2005).

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______Box 6 – De Benko Collection (120 documents) Description: Between 1960-1969, Miller collected some 120 documents from Tanzania and Kenya including many ephemeral government publications and local government reports. His first gift to MSU in 1969 was this collection of documents in honor of Dr. Eugene De Benko, then librarian for the Africa Collection. Miller also prepared a companion document subject index that included such topics as government administration, agriculture, court cases, chieftaincy, customary law, district councils, economics, education, elections, history, indirect rule, legislation, local government, medicine, political development and political parties, and TANU. There were also documents on Miller’s districts of interest, Kisarawe, Rungwe, and Tabora. Witchcraft-based material in this collection includes over 20 documents dealing with local court cases on witchcraft (documents 1023, 1025, 1026, 1029, 1030, 1044, 1045-1061, 1082, 1093), and another 7 documents dealing with district-level administration and tribal histories concerning witchcraft (documents 1017, 1021, 1025, 1026, 1030, 1075, 1080). ______Box 7 – Visual Evidence and Visual Literacy Collaborative Description: Norman Miller taught courses in visual anthropology. He also developed and published briefly in the field of visual pedagogy. One of his key concepts published was visual evidence, first published in his Faces of Change series, and thereafter published by the Smithsonian in their early visual anthropology initiatives (Margaret Mead and Richard Sorenson). The collection is particularly useful for teaching and course development. Folders

Visual Anthropology 1. Introduction to Visual Anthropology collection 2. DER – Bushman, Yanomami 3. Film and Development 4. Ethnographic film – Karl Heider 5. Herbert DiGioia, David Hancock 6. Reflexive film, 1980s; Hubert Smith 7. Visual Evidence – Film and Anthropology – Unpublished papers, c.1970-1980 8. David McDougal 9. Published articles, reprints, misc. film, 1970s-1980 10. Bibliography, instructor guides

Visual Evidence

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1. Introduction 2. Visual Anthropology course, 1985 3. Visual Anthropology teaching materials, 1990 4. Film usage, research, 1990 5. Course syllabi, 1990 6. “Learning with Film” essay 7. Ethnographic film course syllabi, 1990 8. Film Evidence notes 9. Visual Anthropology Journal 1989 10. Flaherty film seminar, 1968 11. Anthropological film seminars, 1962-1975 12. Visual literacy, film, art, teaching, 2009 13. Film guides, lists, 1970-1990 14. Visual evidence, approach, philosophy 15. Visual evidence notes, film center, design and proposal, 1976 16. Criteria for evaluation of ethnographic film 17. Film presentation and storage 18. Visual Literacy and Visual Evidence 19. Visual learning, visual education, study guides 20. R. Sorenson 21. Film pedagogy, Analysis: Dani of West Irian 22. Visual Sociology, visual geography, 1980s ______Box 8 – Rodger Yeager Papers (1965-2006) Description: The Miller-Yeager papers include typed copies of Miller’s colleague Dr. Rodger Yeager’s field notes in Tanzania (pink papers). Tanza- nia’s rural settlement scheme, a huge nationwide project from 1960-beginning of 1962, was the doctoral research topic of Dr. Yeager. Tanzania settlement schemes were also the research topic of a dozen Syracuse University doctoral students. The project was led by Dr. Fred Burke and others from Syracuse. The papers include an unpublished manuscript on the settlement schemes edited by Yeager that was being revised at the time of his death in 2012. ______Box 9 – HIV/AIDS (1989-2006) Description: Norman Miller HIV/AIDS project, including the AIDS and Society newsletter, edited by Miller, Yeager, and Kingma. The project expanded in its later years (1998-2005) to include both Asian and Latin American sub- projects. Miller AIDS project administrative and planning files, draft HIV/AIDS publications, including the book AIDS in Africa: Social and Policy Impact (Lewiston NY: The Edwin Mellen Press,1988) compiled and edited by Norman Miller and Richard Rockwell. ______Box 10 – HIV/AIDS (1989-2006) Description: The HIV/AIDS project, directed and later co-directed by Norman Miller, generated a large number of publications, administrative files, 64 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive financial files, collegial contact networks, proposals, final reports to foundations and other administrative material. ______Box 11 – Environmental Studies (1982-2005) Description: Articles, essays, and publications on environmental topics including food, famine, agriculture, water and desertification. Bundles of material were clustered by topic and not individually inventoried. Bundle 1 Food, Famine, and Agriculture: Various Newsletter articles and essays, publications on water (Uganda), Miller’s essays (Sudan), and reports on Kenya. Bundle 2 Desertification: UNESCO reports concerning arid zones, copies of different issues of Women and Agro forestry. ______Box 11A – Environmental Studies and African Wildlife (1980-1985) Description: Miller teaching materials for Environmental Studies courses at Dartmouth focusing on international environmental issues, population, wildlife, conservation, environmental policy and management, with a special focus on Africa.

Folder 1 - Introduction to Environmental Materials for Teaching. This packet of the Norman Miller Collection holds both teaching materials for his Environ- mental Studies courses at Dartmouth and the documents he provided students for their research. Miller taught Environmental Studies 85, International Environmental Affairs. This course followed the United Nations Environment Programme breakdown of subject matter such as regional seas, desertification, and fragile ecosystems. Miller had worked for UNEP in Nairobi, writing its annual report in 1979 and doing a major review of its entire program published as an Ameri- can Universities Field Staff report. Materials in this collection include teaching documents used for student research on contemporary issues in the environmental field. Bundle 1 Environment and Wildlife – Zimbabwe Bundle 2 Environment and Wildlife – Kenya Bundle 3 Environment and Wildlife – Botswana Bundle 4 Environment and Wildlife – Somalia Bundle 5 Environment and Wildlife – South Africa Bundle 6 Environment and Wildlife – Sudan Bundle 7 Environment and Wildlife – Namibia

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Bundle 8 Miscellaneous Teaching Documents – Eastern Africa Bundle 9 ~30 files of teaching documents, research topics for student support (1975-2005) Folders 10. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Shelter, Habitat 11. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Population 12. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – IRPTC (Potentially Toxic Chemicals) 13. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Outer Limits and Basic Human Needs 14. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Refugees, Disasters, CERTI 15. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Population 16. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Conservation 17. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Environment and Development 18. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Oceans and Regional Seas 19. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Energy 20. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Natural Disasters 21. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Environmental Law 22. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Environmental Management 23. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Appropriate Technologies 24. Environmental Studies (1979-2000) – Industry and Environment

______Box 12 – Health and Wildlife (1982-2005) Description: Miller course outlines and lecture notes, publications, book excerpts, newspaper clippings, and magazines (including Swara, published by the East African Wild Life Society).

Bundle 1 Miscellaneous materials on wildlife conservation Bundle 2 Miscellaneous materials on wildlife conservation Bundle 3 Miller course outlines and notes: Environmental Health including papers and photocopies of book chapters on traditional medicine in Tanzania, Kenya, Japan, India, and Latin America Bundle 4 Wildlife in Kenya, Zimbabwe, and Uganda: Wildlife magazines, publications by Miller and others, progress reports, lecture notes about wildlife and economics. Bundle 5 Wildlife News: Newspaper clippings, copies of Swara magazines (Library does not hold these volumes) and other magazines. ______Box 13 – Wildlife, Traditional Medicine, Healing (1985-2005) Description: Final wildlife materials from previous box, including bibliographies. Files on traditional healing (including Chinese medicine), Dart- mouth teaching materials, essays and book chapters.

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Bundle 6 Miscellaneous materials on wildlife conservation Bundle 7 Wildlife Bibliographies bundles, and other files. Traditional Medicine: files on traditional healing, ENVS 7, key concepts, teaching materials. Also includes traditional medicine in China: essays and book chapters. ______Box 14 – Traditional Medicine Description: Continuation of traditional medicine and cross-cultural healing in different societies. ______Box 15 – Special Project Files Description: Special project notes, lectures, course outlines, country studies of Somalia and Botswana, review of Ford Foundation natural resources

Wildlife research, Tanzania, 1985

67 Norman Miller Collection - An East African Archive project, and teaching maps. Descriptions of Norman Miller’s Village Leadership database (1964), description of Amy Miller Eberhardt field project (2005). Folders 1. Introduction to Box 15 2. Somalia Field Notes, newspaper clippings, 2 AUFS articles (1981) 3. Botswana – Natural Resources Project (1984-1985) 4. Natural Resources Project in East Africa (1984-1988) 5. Teaching – Maps and transparencies – East Africa (1985-2005) 6. Village Leadership Database (1964) – New Analysis (Tanzania, 2016) 7. Miller-Eberhardt Field Project – Analysis and Field Notes – Tanzania, 2005 8. Miller-Eberhardt Field Project – Survey Questions, Survey Data, Results, Codebook – Tanzania, 2005-2006 9. Miller-Eberhardt Field Project – Field Data, Results of Questionnaires – Tanzania, 2005- 2006 10. Miller-Eberhardt Field Project – Finished Draft Article – Tanzania, 2005-2006 11. Miller-Eberhardt Field Project – Correspondence, Miscellaneous Notes, Tanzania,