and eontains good faims There is considerable pine in the tomhip. Tb- are one mist and six saw milla in the tomshio. ~o~uiationin 1841, 1598, who are prhe~pallyCanadiane, with some Lw migrants Rom Europe. Batable property in the township,- £24,207. GALT. A Village in the township of Dumfrieq prettily sitnated on the Grand Rivar, in a vdley surrounded by high hills; twenty-five miles froin Hamilton, and eighteen from Brantford. It ha6 very valnable water-power, by the employ- ment of whicb. in milling and manufacturing, the place is fast iising into pro* perity; and dready hrgins to assmne the appearance of a town. The streets are neatly lnid out, and the employment of stone in biiilding (which is proeu- rab'e in any required quantity from the hanks of the river), gives the houses and oiher buildings, a very suhatantial appearance. Galt contains about 1000 inhabitants, who are principally Scotch. They have a curling club, mechania' institute. circulating library, and fire engine coinpany. Stages run evcry day to Hamilton and Guelph, and three times a-week to Gderich. A newspaper ie published here every Saturday-the "Dumfries Courier." There are in Galt five churches and chapels, vil., one Episcopnl, three Presbyterian. one Metliodist. Post Office, post evev day. Professions and Tracles.-Three physicians and surgeons, two lowyers, one gpothecary, tro grist mills (each containing four run of stones)! two siiw mills, two foundries. two carding machines and cloth factories, onc brewery, two distilleries, one taonery, eight stores, one pail factory, one last factory, one ch* mist and druggist, nine taverns, two gmcrries, one veterincuy surgeon, one printer, seven blacksmithq one saddler, one watchmaker, five waggon malers, eight tailors, one cabinet maker. four shoemalrers, three balers. two chair fac- toiies, three tinsmithq three bnuhers, two livery stables, four coopers, OIE gunsmith, one edp-1001 maker, trn carpenters, one paintrr, one tallow cbandler, one school. One bank ageney, "Gore." Stage Fare fiom Galt to Hamilton ...... $1 Da Galt to Guelph ...... ;f Do. Galt to Goderich ...... Quantity of Flou ground in Galt for exportation, from Sept 1844, to July, 1845 ...... 15,755 barrels

GANANOQUE A Village in thc toiunship of Leeds, situated on the Rirer Sr. Lawrence, zt the moutb of the Ganancque Rirer, sixteen miles east of Kingston ; the easteni road passes through it It contains about 300 inhabitauts, who bave a church (Preïbytrriao). Post Osce, poat ever day. Profpssims and ~1.18.-~ristmil1 (four run of stooes), saw mil], nail works, esrdiug machine and cloth factory, pail factory, three stores, two bverns, one pbysician and surgeon, one tailor, two shoemakere.

GARAFRAXk A Township in the Wellington District; is bounded on the sontb-east by Caledon, Erin, and Eramosa; on the south-west by Nichol and Peel; and on the north by Luther and Amaranth. In Garafraxa 13,318 acres are taken iip, 1638 ofwhich are under cultivation. This is a triangulnr shnped township, much of the Imd in which is of exeellent qunlity. The Grand River niw thugh the west corner of the township. Three thousand seven hundred and Eny-Ere acres of Cmwn lands are open for ?iile,in Garafraxa, at 88. nimaey per acre. There are one grist and two snw milla in the township Population in 1811, 322. Ratablc property in the township,- £6207. GA.RDEX ISLkND. A small Island in Lake , opposite Kingston, containing about thirty acres It is occupied hy a firm who are largely engaged in therafririg biuinasq it king oonveniently situated for the purpose. A large numhec of vessels a= employed in hringiog staves froni al1 parts of the western country to the islmù, where they are unlaaded, and the staves made in10 rafts for the voyage Co Queheo.

GEORGETOWN. A flourishing Village in Esquesing, situated on a hranch of the River Ciiedft 17 miles north finm Dundas Street. It contaiua about i0O inhahitanta. $,&-ions and Trade8.-One grist mill, one saw do., cloth factory, taro tanneries, Mo stores, one foundry, one ashery, one tavern, orle chair maker, three wac,qon makers, one cabinet maker, four hlecksmiths, two tailors, three

GEORGINA. A Township in the Home District ; is bounded on the north hp Lake Shcoe; on the West by the township of Gwillimhiiry North; on the south hy Scott; and on the east by Brock. In Georgina 11,827 acres orL. taken up, 2653 of which are under cultivation. Much of the lnnd in this township is hilly and broken ; mme of it, however, is of excellent qnasty, and is hcavily timbered. The hnnb ofthe lake in Gmrgina are gencrally rather high. A strearu, called Hlack River, rusthrough the eut of the township, from south to north. on which ie a villafc, colled Bouchers', or Sutton Mills, situated about two niiles soiith of the lake. On the lake short*, about three miles fiom the village, is an Episcopal church, The steamhoat " Bearer " stops at Jockson'a Point in rhe township 2900 acres of Crown lands are open for sale in Georgina at 8s. currcncp per me. There are two grist and three saw mills, and one distillery in the township. Popiilation in 184% 586. Ratahle property in the township,- £8418. GERMANY, LITTLE A German Settlement in the township of Waterloo, ohoiit nine miles south- west from Preston, aithin half a mile of the township of Guelph; contains a catholic church, two taverns, two hlacksiniths, and about sixty inhabitants.

GIBBS' JIILLS. A Settlement in the township of Whitby, about one mile sonth from Oshawa It cantams about 150 inhabitanta, grist mdl, oaunal do., pot hadey do., distii- lery, tannery, and cloth factory (thc machinery of which is worked hy water), where excellent corne cioths and blankets are ma&

GLANFORD.

A Townshi~in the Gore District: is hounded on the east hv the~ townahl~~~ of Cziôtor: un r6e nortli hy ~dncin;oh thr w~srby ~n&&r;;nd on th~siuth bg Seue<,u. lu üIbuf'ord, 15,803 acres xrv tixkïn up, :;3IP of' whicli 3re uu&r niluvation. l'hi6 is u ôrnall, wrll ôerrl~ùwruship, coniain,u,: goiid farins. and B mixed population. There is one saw mil1 in the township Population in 1841, 996. Ratable property in the township, £26,794. GLASGOW, OR "BHOEMAKER'S MILLS." A Village in the township of Waterloo, fourteen miles ftom Galt, situsted on a branch of the Gtand Kiver; contains about 160 inhabilanta. There isalarge e~tablishmenthere, consisting of grist and saw mille, distillev, fulling miIl and carding machine, and oil mil1 for making iiiseed oil; and one cigar manu- facturer.

GLENELG. A Township in the Wellington District; is bounded on the east by the tom- ship of Artemisia; on the north by Hollnnd; on the aest hy Bentinck; and qp the mith by Egremont. This tnwnship 1iu only lately heen surreyed and laid ont, and no return has yet been made from it

GLEIiGARY. A Counv in the Eastern District; comprises the townships of Charlotten- burg, Kenyon, Lochiel, Lancaster, and the Indian reserve. It retuins a member to the Houe of Assemhlg. - GO1)ERICH. The District Town of the Huron Diitrict, situated on , at the entrance of tbe Meirland River. It mas laid out in 1827 hy >Ir. Gnlt, then secretary of the Company. The town is hendsomelj situated, the greater part being huilt on a rising glound, more than 100 feet ahore the level of the lake, and it is consrquently dry and healthy. The scenery in the neigh- hoiiihood k beautiful, but the town is rsther exposed to nonh and north West wiuds from the lake. in consequence of nhicli the weather is occasionally wiutry, even in the niidùle of suinmer, on the ahole homever, it is a ver. pleasant summer residenc~. Owing to il6 remote situation, and partly from its heirig inaccessihlc hy laïid from any part of the Pi,ovirire west of Londoii, Goderich has not increased as fast ae manp other places of the same age. A horboiir has &en construcied ut an expense of £16,000; but the piers are noa gerring out of iapair. This ie the only harbour betaeen Port Sarnia and the Saugeen Islands. A light houie is just about being erected hy the-goverment. In 1827 a ioad wns opened to the township of Wiimot, at a cost of £1900; a road bas also been made to the toan of London. A steamboat and serernl schooners hwe baen built here. S.ages run twice a aeek fiom Ooderich to London and Galt, and during the last season the steamboat '' Goderich" (iate " Gore") ealled here on her ueckly trips from Windsor to Owen's Soimd. A fishing companp was estahlish~dherc, sorne years since, but from some mismanagement didnot succeed vcry weil, and is now broken up. A fine pelican vas shot here driring the spvinp of 1643, while feeding in the harbour. Goderich contains five churches and cbapels, uiz; Episcopal, Presbyterian, Catholic. Secession and ivIethodist ; there is also a stone jail and court house, and the Canada Company's offices are kept brre. Post Office, post four umes a week. Population, 669. The folloaing governmeot and district offires are kept in Goderich: Clerk of Peace, Treacurer of District, Shenff, Regbtrar of the County, Collector of Customs, Inspectar of Licenses. Inspector of Fish, District Clerk, Clek of District Court. Profmiena and Tmdea.-Three phgsicians and surgeons, tao lawyers, one Fmeyor, two hreweries, threj distilleries, tao tanneries, nine stores. one drng- gist, five taverne, one tinsmith, five tailors, 5wo groceries, one Eoundry, hvn aatchmakers, two aaggon makers, three hlacksmiths, ten shoemakera, one. gunsmith. two bakers. two scbooie, one bank agency, '+Upper Canada. " Principal tavern, 'Rattenbury's. " Goderich in fitîy-nine miles hmLondon, and eighty-two from Galt ; for stage îares, see London, Galt, and Hamilton. The exportsîor 1844 were small, Sut during the spring of 1815, about 12,000 huahels of wheat were shipped.

GODERICH. A Township in the Huron District, i~ hounded on the north hy the River Maitland; on the West hy Lake Huron; on the south hy the River Bayfield; and on the east bp Hullrtt. The soi1 on the hanks of the lake, and the Rivera Maitland and Bagfield, is poor and stony; the rest of the township is good land. The township oontains 56,066 acres, 35,118 of whioh are leased or sold, of wliich 5,156: Bcres are under cultivation. Goderich contains one &stand tw0 6aw mills. fulling-mil], and oarding machine. There is a tavern on the Bay- field road, four mites soiith of Godciich Population, 1,673. Ratable -.propercy. in the township.- £16,189 8s. GORE DISTRICT. Consists of the Cuunties of Wentworth and Halton, and contains some of the richest, best settled, and most highly cultivated townships in Canada West. The rapid growth of Hamilton, the districl town, seems to hare given an inipe- tus to the rest of the district, and it has increased in wealth faster, during the last few years, than any other portion of the prorince. Between January 1842, and January 1844, 44,000 acrcs of land have been bmught into cultiration, a ,vcry pcat incresse. T1iei.e are mnny large farms in the district, one of which in partioular deserves mention; that of Mr. Colman, near Paris, in the township of Dumfries, who lut year had 375 acres of land in wheat. There are many soientific English and Scotch farmers in the District, who possess stock that would be a credit to any country. Large numhers of the farms have flourishing orchards attached to them. The Grand River runs throngh the district, on whioh, andits frihutaries, are numerous grist and saw mille. HamiIton, the district town, being the key to the west, is becoming the great depot former- chandize intended for the west, and western produce; and the villages of Dun- du and Galt are fast hecoming manufachiring towns, through the agency of their extensive water power. A profitable trade is carried on in freestone and limestone, mnch of which is exported. klarge portion of the inhabitants of the district are English, Scotch and Irish, and the remainder, Canadiaos, Ame- ricans and their descendants, and a few Germans. 2,400 acres, only, of orown lands are open for sale in the Gore District, to yurchase any of which, appli- cation must he niade to the Cmwn lands' agent at Hamilton. The population of the Gore District in 1841, amounted to 31,507, since when the numher has prohahly increased one third; the town of Hamilton alone, ha8 douhled its population in the period. The following abstract from the assesment rolls will show the rate of increase and improvement in the district.

1 1 1 1 1 1 Gownment and District O@en in the Gare UUtrict. Sheriff...... Edward Cartwright Thomas Hamilton. Registrar ...... Alexander Stewart ...... Wentworth. Clerk of the Peace ...... S. B. Freeman ...... Hamilton. Treaaurer...... Henry Beasley ...... a Judge of District Court ...... Miles U'Reilly ...... Clerk of do...... Andrew Stuart...... " Dimiet Clerk ...... H. N. Jnckson ...... " Inspeetor of Licenses...... John Wilson ...... Colleetor of Customs...... John Dnvidson ...... Warden ...... John WetenhalL ...... '. Crown Lands Agent ...... Peter Carroll ...... " Judee of Surrogate Court ...... John Wilson ...... Registrar of da ...... George Rolph ...... '. Emigrant Agent ...... John H. Palmer ...... u District Superintendent of Schools. Patrick Thornton ...... a Coroner...... John Ryckman ...... +d Number of Cmmon Schola in operation in each taonship in the Gore Disiricl.- Barton, six; Giauford, five; Saltflcet ten; Biuhrook, foui.; Brantford, twenty- three; Onondaga, four; Ancaster, fifteen; Dumfries, twenty-nine; Beverly, eighteen; Esquesing, fifteen; Nassaga~eya,six; Nelson, fifteen; Trafalgnr, eighteen; East Flamboro', seven; West Flamboro', nine; Oneida, four; Senecs. 8even.-Tot4 195. - GOSFIELD. A Township in the county of Essex; is bounded on tbe north hy the tom- ships of Rochester and Maidstone ; on the west b Colchester ; on the south hy ; and on the enst by Mersea. In dosfield 24.803 acres of land are taken up, of which 5,030 are undar cultivation. About halfthe land in thk township in wet, and requires considerabledraining ; the remainder is mostlyex- celientland Timber-maple, ash, oak, beech, black wnlnut, huttemut, ehestnui, &c., with a smaU quantity of cedar on the lake, at the mouth of Cedar CreeJx. Belle River, and the River Ruaeom, take their rise in this township. In the wuth-east of the township, about four miles from the lake, are found iarge quantitiea of iron ore, which produces hnof excellent quality. A furnace and foundry have heen in operation here since 1834, and large quantities of iron have been made. In Gosfield there are two steam grist and saw mi% and one water grist-mill, situated on the iake shore ; and two tanneries, one store and aabery, and a tavern, on Cedar Creek. in the south-west of the township. There are also one Methodist and one Baptist ehapel. Gosûeld is well settled. Popdation 1338. The Canada Company possess about 6,000 acres in the tomhip. And 200 acres of Cmm landa are open for sale in the township, at 8s. e'y per acre. Ratahle ptoperty in the township, 17,006.

GOULBOURN. A township in the Dalhousie District; is bounded on the nonb-east hy the township of Nepean ; on the north-west by Huntley and Yarch ; on the south- west by Beckwith ; and ou the south-east by Marlborough. In Goulbourn 44,714 acres are taken up, 9,319 of which are under cultivation. This is the best settled township in the Dalhousie District, and contains some good famis. The village of Richmond ia sitaated in the east corner of the township, and there is one grist-miil and one saw-miIl in the township. Ten thousand five hundred and forty acres of Crown landa are open for sale in Goulh~urn,nt 8s. c'y per acre. Popdation in 1842, 2,606. Ratable properiy in the toamship £26,759. GOUGICHIN LAKE. b continimtion of , norrh of the Narrows. It is about twelve miles long, and from three to five niiles broad. The scenery of tris smail lake is ver? romantic; the shores being indented with many beautiful bays, aud the lake itself studded with almost innumerable islands, varying in size fiom 4. fiv square yards to many acres. The villa e of Orillia is situated on its vestern shore, and that of Rama on the erist. Wt the northern extremity of the ]al<<, its waters enter the Severn River, and from thence make their war to Lake Huron GOWER,~TH. A Tciwnshin in the Johnstorn District : is bounded on the north-east hv the township of biouotÿin ; on the north-wescby North Gower ; on the soiith:wrst by Oxfoid ; and an the south-east by Edwardsburgh. In South Gower 14,307 acres are takcn up, 4,311 of which are uuder cultivation. This is a long mrrow township, is pretty well settled, and contains soine gwd farms. Six huodred and ûity acres of Cro~vnlands are open for sale in South Gower, at 8s. c'y per acre. There are Iwo saw-mil16 in the township. Population in 184'2, 687. Ratÿble propercy in the township, 810,466.

GOIVER, NORTR A Townshi~in the Dalhousie District: is bounded on the east and soiith-east by the Rideai Canal; on the north-west'by Nrpean; and on the soiith-west by M;irlborough. In Sorth Gower 17,474 acres are taken up. 3,400 of wliich are under cultivation. Much of the land in this township, bordering on the Rideau Cnnal, iî poor and stony. Four hundred and thirty acres of Crom lands are open for sale in North Gower, nt 8s. c'y. .per nccre. Popuiation in 1e42, 8b5. Ratable property in the tomhip. 89,549,

GRAFTON. A Village in the township of Haldimand, sitoated on the eastem road, eight miles east from Cobourg. Population about 200. Grofton contains three churches and chapels, viz.-Episcopal, Free Church and Methodist Post-office. post every day. Professionsarad Trades.-Two physicianssnd surgeons, one eonveyancer, three stores, one druggisb one distiuery, oneitannery, Iwo taverns, four blaeksmiths, two waggon makem, and five shoemakers.- GRAFTON HARBOUR. . A smii cove on Lake Ontni-io, three miles from the village of Grafton.

GRAND RIVER, OB OUSE. Takes its rise in the township of Amaranth, about thirty miles above Ferglis, runs sonth and a little west through Garafraxa, South West through Niehol, south through Wooluieh, at the south-east border of which it is joined by the Ca- nastoga, a branch from the west ; it then runs south thugh Waterloo; in the south-emt of which it is joined by the River Speed, a branch from the townships of Guelph und Dumfries; when it enters Brantford, and runs south-east to Lake Erie, forming the dividing lie between the townships of Onondaga and Tusoa- Tora, Seneca and Oneida, passes through Caynga, and forms the boundary of Canboro', Moulton, and Sherbrooke, on the north and east, d Dunn on the sonth and west. In its course it is very tortuous, sometimes making sudden bends to the east or wesi. and as suddmlv eurvine" back again in the onoosire>. direction. ., The Grand River is navigable for large vessels as fur as Dunnville, where the feeder of the entem it ; and for amaller bats to within a 0 2 short distance of the town of Brautford (siity miles abore Dunoville), where a canal, three milea in length, and aith three locks, to overcome an ascent in the river of thirty-thne feei. has been constriicted to enable vessels to reach the tom. In oder to render the river navigable abovc Dunnville, five locks have been built, to overconie an ascent of forty-three feet There are several grist and saw mills, and other macbinery on the river, both ahove and below Brant- ford. Thedammingof theriver in order to supply the WellandCanal, has eaused it to orcrflnu ntueh of the lor land nï3r ii~~Ïio"tli. At the ttnniiiation of tlic uar of Iudrperidrncr. tlir Six Satinne Iiidian6 of th<, Mohaak rnllrv. aho hnd iaken part aith ilie Uritiih axain't tlie Aiiieriuinq hecame apprehensbe that consequ&ees injurious to thëmselves might result from their hunting grounds being aithin the territory helonging to the United States. They aecordingly deputed their ehief, Joseph Erant, (Tyendenaga) to represent their fears to General, aitervards Sir F. Haldimand, aho va6 then Goverrior of the Province of Quebec ; and wbo, in the folloiiing gear, by a prpclametion, dated October 25, 1764, granted ro tlie Sh Nations and their heirs for ever, a tract of land on the Ouse, or Grand River. sir miles in depth on each side of the river, beginning at Lake Eiie, and extending to thc head of theriver. Thiqgrant vas conhed, and its conditions dehned, by a patent under the Great Seal, issued by Lieutenant Governor Simeoe, and bearing date Jaouary 11, 1793. The original extent of the tract was 694,910 acres, but the greater part of th* has been since sum~deredta the Cmm, in trust, to be wld for the benefit of these tribes. And some smaller portions have been either granted iii fee simple to purchasers, with the assent ot the Indians, or have heen alienated hy the chiefs npon leases; which, although legally invalid, the government did not at the time conaider it equitable or ex&ient to caucel The following is a list of the piincipal silrreriders : Januay 15, und February 6, 1798.-The lands now forming the toanships of Dumfries. Waterlm, Wmlwich, and Niehol. extending downaards on both nides of the ~iverfrom the northem extremity of the resërve; and the greater oait of the townshios of Canbom' and Monlton. on the eastern side of the êntrauce of the ~r&dRiver452,707 acrea Aprili9, 1830.-The site of the town of Brantford, on the Grand River- 807 acres. Apil 19, 1831.-The northern part of the present township of Csynga, on îhe lower pan of the river-20,670 acres. Febriiary 8, 1834.-The residue of Cayuga, the present township of Dnnn, (which adjoins that of Carna),. -. and part of Canboro' and Moulton-50,212 acres. March 26, 1835.-A' conûrmation of al1 the preceding snrrenders. January 18, 1841.-The residue of the land, with the exception of a reserve of 20,000 acres, and the lands actually in the oeeupatian of Indis, amounting to npwards of 220,000 acres. Of thc earlier surrenden, the greater portion bas been already sold, and the pm~edshave been invested either in eonsols in England, or in the GrandRiver navigation stock. The survey of the portion last surrendered is not complae, but a cousiderable part is already oceupied. by settlen or squatters, and the whole will probablg be smn settlcd. The Six Nations catsist pmperlg of the Mohawks, Oneidae, Senecas, Onon- dp,and Cayup, whieh fonned the original c6nfedemcy.of the "Five Nations," ealled Irqoiq by the French. withthe Tuscaroras, vho were adopted into the wnfederacy. But the community on the Grand River inelndes also a few Delawares, Tutulies, Muntures, Nantieokea, and nome other Indians, to- @ber wjth a few families of Negroes, adopted injo the nation. The number ofthe whole, according to a census taken in 184$, ~22223. They arc settled in mal1 banda, divided aocording tn their tribes, or oollecîed under eeparak chiefs, on bath sides of the river., £mm the Cayngn township line to the south si& of the Haniilton Rond ; but are at present about toretrre altog:ther to the sonth aide. The grenter part live in log houses, scattered over thw tract; very few comparatii.ely live in villages. Of these there are properly but three; the Mo- hawk, Tuscarora, and Cayuga. The firat, ~vhichis between one and two miles frorq Brantford, vas established in 1785, the year after the emigration of the Sir Nations. It contains about twent~fourhouses, and ertends in a very imgular form, for ahove s quarter of a mile. Iia church, which is said to be the oldest in Cannda West, is a ver? nent building, in excellent repair, and con- tains the family vadt of the eelebrated Chief of the Mohawks, Joseph Brant. All the Indian inhabitants of rhis village, with the exception of four orfive families, have soid their irnprovements to white settlers, and have removed to other parts of the reserve. chiefly for the oonvenienee of procuring fuel which they had great düficiilty in obtaining nt the village. The Tuscarora village is a mile and a half from the site of the Sir Nations' Council Bouse, which is eleven niiles from Brantford. It was estahlished ten or fifteen yews later thnn the Mohawk vi1lap.e. and is of nearly the same ertent; but the houses, of which there are about thirty, are less scattered. It contains few or no white settleni; and there is a "est littie church at one end of the village. The Upper Cayuga village is now deserted hy the Indians; the houses are nU of Io@, and in each seFtlement there are several barns. None of the Six Nations Indians reside in wrgirams According ia an acçount taken in 1843, it appears that the 2223 individuale, forming ahout 500 families, occopy 397 houses, having 55 barns attached ta them. They possess 85 waggons, 127 sleighs, 153 ploiighs, and 97 harrows, Their stock consists of 350 homes, 561 oren, 790 cows, 2070 swine, and 83 aheep. The ertent of improved land aniong them in, 6908 acreg or on an ave- rage, ahont fourteen acres to a family. Some, however, hald extensive farms, as will he seen hy the folloainx ahstracr :- No. of Iudiaiis holding no improved land ...... 50 do. do. under 5 acres ...... 96 do. do. from 5 to IO acres ...... R5 do. do. do. 10 to 20 " ...... 67 da do. do. 20 to 50 " ...... 68 do. do. do. 50 to 100 " ...... 28 do. do. do.10oial50 " ...... 9 uo. do. do. 150 to 200 " ...... 1 Io those cases in vhich the family has no impmved land, the men generally uork out iu the winter. In the spring and suinmer, aud in the early part of the surumn, they engap ns lahoiirers, for which they receivehigh wages. The females remaiu with their relations. and are supporred hy the earnings of the men. ivlanv ofthe Inàinns work on the farms of the white settlers during. har- vest time. - The land is not suhdivided into regular plots, but each Indian selects his own Iocality, and takes as murh land as be can cnlrivate, or wishes to reserve to himself, witliout the interfereuce of the chiefs. Thev are generally seciire from the.intrnsions of other Indiaus; and they can transGit their land to their heirs, or convey their interest in it to sny otlier Iodian. If any disputes arise, they are suhmittrd Io the ctiiefs in conncil, who decide upon the matter. They de- pend almost entirely upon ag~iculturefor snbsistence, and seldoin resort to hunting and fishing for a snpply of food ; although many of th~mindulge in these sports for various perrods, extending from a fortnight ia three months, towards the close of tlie year. Sheir chief hiinting-gmnndsare in the township6 of Norwich, Zorra, Dereham, Windham, and Bleubeim, and at the Chippawa Creek; but when unsuccessful at these places, they rr?ort to niore distant loca- Lities. At least one-third do not hunt at dl ; and it is probable, that by the time the game hecornes exhnunted in the siirrounding townships, the inclination of the remainder for the chase wiii have altogether ceased. Théy are much impmved in their habita of induatq and mode of agiculture, and they raise a greater vanety of .$ruin and vegetahles than formerly. As regards religion, the Mohawks had been Christians for many years before ihe Adierican revolution. The church at the Mohawk viilage was built hy the government for iheir une, the year after the settlement. For many years, however, they had no resident missionary among them ; the nearest clergyman lived nt Niagara. aeventy miles distant. About 16 years ago, a clergyman wae tstsettled hem for the henefit of the Indiaus, hy the "Company for the Ro- pagation of the gospel in New England. and the parts adjacent in America," com- monly calhd the" New England Company." Same attention had been previously d to the inhabitants ofthis nei hbourhood, hy one of the missionaries of the !%ety forthe Propagationofthe 6ospelin~oreignParts; but hy an arrangement with the New England Company, the care of this station wa3 entirely resiped to %ai compan , who have ever sinee maintained amissionary at the Notmwk village, kept t 1 e church in repair, and have established several schwls, and a meehanica' institute, for the Indians in and about the station. More recently they have established an assistant missionary in the Tuscarora village, where they have built a cburch and a parsonage houe. There is also a Methodist church at the Salt Springs. A large majority of the Indiana on the Grand River are Christiang and belong mostly to the Church of England. A few yem ago. some of the Lower Mohawks left that cburch and attaehed themselves ta the Episeopalian Metho- dists; but lately, part of these have returned to the Church. During the las ear, about forty of the Tuncarora tribe joined the BaptisB: there are also some Gesleyan BIethodista. A eonsiderable number, however, of the Upper and Lower Cayugas, the Onoodagas, Senecas, and sonie of the Delawares are still beathens. A boarding Scbool bas been established hy the New England Company in the Mohawk viilqe. Tbe instnictibn is carried on altogether in English. FiReen boys are being instmcteù in tbe several trades of aaggon making, blacksmith, carpentering, and shoemaking. The girls, twelve in number, are taught house-keeping, needlework, spinning and knitting. The total number of children uuder instruction in the settlement is 160. These tribes have in- creased by about 100, during the last ten years. The number of haif-breeda among them is smali, not above three in a hundred. The Six Nations Indiane are under the superintendence of an officer of the Indian Departmeut, who resides at Brantford; and tbey receive medica1,atten- dance from practitioners in the same town. who are remunerat& out of the funds of the trlbe. A large portion of the land on the banks of the Grand River is weli settled and cultivated Tbe township of Dumfries, which hasheen settled about forty years, is the best settled toansbip in the Province; and the townships of Waterloo. Guelph and Brantford, are also in a high state of cultivation. Most ofthe land on the Grand River is rolling, the timber varying aceording to locality, bot being generally a mixture of hardwood and pine. Splendid white oak is found in grcat quantities, nithin a convenient distance from the river; and a conaide- rable buniuess is carried on in square timber, saaed luniber and staves Ggpsum of excellent quality ha8 been fouud in large beds in tbe neiehbourhmd of Pans, in the township of Oneida. and in Cayoga: it is much uned in agriculture, many of the farmers coming several miles to prooure it. The flourishing tonus and villages of Dimnville. Caynga, Indiana, York, Sneea, Caledonia, Brantford, Park Galt. Preston, Elora (wbere is a beantiful fa), and Fergue, are situated on the Grand Rirer.

GRIMBBY, on FORTY-MILE CREEK, or il wua origid& c&d. A Viiiage in the township of Grimsby, heautifully situated on the St Ceths. dnea maü, seventeen miles hmHamilton, in the midst of some very fine wnery. A good mili stream flows through the viliage. During the swnmef season Wimehy is a favourite resott for pleasure parties from Hamilton. There are two churchea in the village-one episwpal and one free to al1 denominationa, Population about 200. Po& office. poat every day. Profmione and Tmdes.-Two pbfsiciana and wrgeong two grist mills, two saw mills, one hrewery, one distüiery, one foundry, two waggon inakers, three hlackamitha. two shoemakers. one cabinet maker. three tadors. one saddier. th;= s&; two taverne.

GUELPH. The Dietriet Town of tbe WellingtonDistrict, in the county of Waterloo, forty- two miles hmHamilton ; wu laid out hy the late Mr. Qalt, on a hlock of land helongini io the Canada Company, in the year 1828. The situation was well chosen, hein in the midst of a 5ely undulathg country, and ia high, dry and healthy. ~fe'neighbourhoodof the town is well settled hy respectable families fmm the old country, principally English, many of whom came from Suffolk and Norfolk, and who have aome very 5efaims The River Speed, a branch ai the Grand River, iuns past the tom. The gaol and wurt house are huilt of stone, and are handsome structmes; but are placed in a had situatio=, heing aùnost out of aight Anewspaper in published here every Friday. the "Guelph and Galt Advertiser." Stagea nin every day to Prestnn and Galt. Guelph cantains five churchee and chnpels, via., Episcopal, Presbyterian, Catholic, Britiah Wesleyan and Congregational. Numher of inhabitants 1.240; who are principally English and Scotch, with some few Irish They have a literary club, cricket club and lire Company. The folloh government and Distriet offices are kept in Guelph:-Judge of District Court, %heriff, Clark of Peace, Treasurer, Inspeotor of Licenseg Di triet Clerk, Clerk of District Court, Deputy Clerk of Crown. Profeeîio~and Trades.-Four phyaicians and surgeons, two lawyem. three griat mills, one saw mill, one carding machine, three tanneries, ûfteen stores, seven taverns,one bookseller, one dniggist, one printing office, two breweries, two distilleries, one stareh factmy,one nursery, six hlacksmitbs. six waggon makerg eight eahinet makers and house carpeniera, three coopers, four bntchers, two bakers, one wnfectioner. ten tailors, thirteen shoemakers, three saddlers, one tinsmith, one sieve maker, one gonamith, two paintem, one watcbmaker, three chair makers, three stone masons, three bricklayers, two iindenakerd, one fan- nine-mil1 maker. two schools.~~ ~~~ two bank aeencies. Gore and " Montreal." , -,~~ . '' " Wst office, poSt every day. There are three pod taverne in Guelph-the <'British Hotel" (the principal), " Fumera' Arms," and " RatclifTe's" - GUELPH. A Township in the Wellington District; is boimded on the notth-enst hy the township of Eramosa; on the notth-west and west by the townsliips of Pliehul Woolwieh and\Yaterloo; and on the south-east by Puslinch. In Guelph 24,473 acres are taken up, of which 12,840 are under cdtivation. This is one of the hest settled townships in Western Canada The land having heen taken up generally %y respectahle English families, most of whom hrought some cnpital with them. The land is mostly rolling, and. when the coimtry is welt cAeared up, will present as iine and picturesque an appearance as any township in the province. Excellent wheat is raised in this and the adjoining townshipa. The River Speed. a branch of the Grand River, runs nearly through the cenire of the to@nship, fiom north to aonth. There are in Guelph, three grist milùi, iwo of which are in the towc of Guelph, and two saw milla Population of the toffnahip in 1845. 3,400. Ratable property in the township, £44,285.

GWILLIMBURY, EAST. A Township in the Home District; is hounded on the north hy the townahip of North Gwil$mbury; on the West by West Gwi1limbui.y: on the south by Whitcliurch; and on the east by Scott. In East Gwillimbiiry, 28,380 acresare taken up, 9,215 of which are under cultivation. This township has beem settled about forty-five years; and contains a mixed popiilation eonsisting prin-. oipnlly of Pennsylvanian Dutch and their descendantri, Canadians and Irish, with a few English and Scotch. There are Iriany very excellent farms in the township. The quality of the soi1 varies, soine part being hilly and pwr ; but a large portion of the township consista: of rolling land, ~4thgood timber. An extensive swamp nins through the north of the tnwnship. The villages of Sharon and Queansville, and part of Holland Landing, are in rhe,township. Three thousand one hundred acres of Crown lands are open for sale in East G~illirnbur~,at 88. currency per aore. There are two grist and five saw miUs in the township. Population in 1842, 1,796. Ratable property in the township,- £30.526. GWILLIMBURY, WEST. A Township in the Simcoe District; is bounded on the north by the township of lnnisfil; on the west by Tecumseth; on the south by King; and on the east by East Givillimhiiry. In West Gwillimbnry, 40,224 acres are taken up, 14,269 of which are under cultivation. h small portion of the north-enst cornpr of the toanship is eut off by Cook's Bay, a portion of Lake Siincoe. An extensive marsh, varying in breadth from a quarter of a mile to u niile, and bordered by a tamsrac swainp, extends from the bay to the south-wcst corner of the township. The west branch of the Holland River runs through the eentre of this manh. The east branch ente= the township at the Holland Landing, and mns nearly a north course till it joins the easl. branch about tliree milea froni the lake. Like the west hranch, it is bordeird by a hroad marah on the greatest part of its conrse. Ahove the "Forks" the navigatim of the eas! branch ih difficult, fi'om the numerous bends and shdlownzss of the water. The steamboat "Beavei;" hoivever, manages to aseend ivithin four miles of Holidnd Landing. The wesc branch is said to be navigable for seven or cight miles above Bradford At the Bradford Bridge it is about ten feet deep. The soil of the township varies in quality: some of it is very good; other parts again are poor. The soi1,of the norlh-east of the townsbip is lighs, bnt of tolarahle qnality. Timber -pine, interniixed witli oak, poplar, &c. The west of the tou+nsllip is well settled. and contains very good thrms. The villa~esof Bradford, Bond Head, and Middletown, are situated in the township. Two tliorisand eight hundred acres of Crown lands are open for sale in the township, at 8s. currency per aere. The townshipsis principnlly settled by Irish, Scotch, Cnnadians und Americans. Popnlation of the township in 1842, 2,702, Ratable property in the township, £35,294.

GWILLISIBERY, NORTH. A Township in the Horne District; is hoiinded ou the east by the township af Georgina; on the north aiid west by Lake Siincoe and Cook's Bay; and on the sonth by East Gwillimbury. In Xorth Gwillimbury 13,080 acres nre taken np, 3.424 of which aïe under cultivntion. A large portion of the north and west of the township is light soil, witli pine timber. Tiiere are some good farms in the township. In some parts of the. township the banb of the lake are hiih, in others there is a coneiderable qoantity of mnreh. Eight hm- dred ncres of Crawn landa are open for dein North GwiUirnbury, at 88. c'y per acre. Popdation in 1842. 697. Ratable properiy in the township.- £9,588. HALDIDIAND. A Coonty in the Niagara District; it eomprises the townships of Canboro, thynga, Dunn, Maulton, Sherbrooke, and for the purposes of representation in me Legislative Assernbly, and of registration of titles only, the townships of &neca. Oneida. Rainham and Walwle. It returu a member to the House of

HALDIXAND. A Township in the Newcastle District; is bounded on the east by the town hpsof Cramahe and Perey; oo the north by Alnwick; on the West by Hami!- ton; and on the south by Lake Ontaria In Haidimand 44,157 acres are taken op, 17,744 of whicb are iinder cultivation. The village of Grafton is situated in the sonth of the township, on the eastern road. The north of the tomship oonsists of oak plains; the centre and south are good land, timber principally bardwood, inteimixed with larg~pine. There are three grist and eleven saw- mills in the township. In Haldimand 800 acres of Crown lands are open for sale, ai 86. wrency per acre. Population in 1842,2896. Ratnble property in the township, £44,725.

HALDIblAND. A settlement in the townshio of Dunn: sitnated on the Grand River. about me quarter of a mile froi ~unnville. 1i contains about sixty inhabitanis: one grist-mill; two saw mills; two tnvems.- HALL'S MILLS. (See ~VEST~INBTEH.)

-~~ HALLOWELL. A Toanship in the Prince Edward District; is bounded on the north by Soph'usbii~.ghand the Bay of QuintB; on the east by Yarysburgh: on the south by dtliol; and on the mest by , and the township of Hillier. Hallo*ell, cuntains 38,625 acres; 18,746 of whioh are under cnltivation. A large bay called "West Lake," having several small islands in it, penetrates into tùis township; it is conneoted mith Lake Ontario by a very short narrow ohan- nel. Trie east portion of "West Lake" is marshy. The town of Picton i6 in this township. There are four @st and ten saw-mills in the tomship. Pvpiil~tionin 1842 (not including the towu of Picton), 2322. Rarable propeny in the township, £63,889.

HALTON. A County iu the Gore District; comprisesthe townships of Beverly, Esquesing, East Flambom', West Flamhoro', Nassanaweya, Nelson, and Trafialgar; and for al1 purposes, excopt that of representa?ion in the Legislative Assembly, !ho township of Diiiiifrles; and for the purpose of representation in the Legislatii'e Assemhly only, the township of Erin. It retms a member to ths Houe of Aesembly. - HAMBURG. A Village in the township of Wiluiot; two miles from Harsville, and twentp- two miles froni Gslt; situated on Smith's Creek. It vas laid out in 1837, and oontains about 300 inhabitants: two churches, Methodisr Profeseiow and Tm&#.-One grist-mill, carding machine and nùling-mi& distillery, fou stores, one tavern, one waggon maker, one hlaeksmith, one îailor, two shoe makera - HAMILTON. The District Tom of the Gore District, in the township of Barton andcounty of Wentvorth ; is sihiated in an extensive valley on the ythaide of Burlington Bay, at irs western extremity. The towu vas laid out in the year 1813, hy,a air. Hamilton, from whom it derived its name. On account of the swamp m the viciaity of the bay, the principal part of the town has heen placed about a mile hack from the bay, on a gently rising ground. Immediately heliind the tom rises the mountain (to the height of at least 150 feet), or more correctly speaking. the high table Laud, which stretches away to the . Previous to the completion of the Burlington Canal, vessels could not approach nearer thm BBuingtan Beach, about ten miles from the town, where a custnm- house and warehouses were establisheà Since the opening of the canal, t6e bade of the toan bas increased rapidly, and it is now tlie principal market for ihe western merchants. An immense amonnt of goods is annually importe& Excellent freestone and limcstoue are procured from the mountain, which are d great adrantage to the toan, as the berchants are beginning to biiild almost excliisively of stone; and the town promises in a few yenrs to become one of the handsoaiest on the continent of America. Many buildings are already erected with eut stone fronta: among the handaomest of these, are the Gore Bank and the Bank of British North America. The streets are well laid ont Some years since, a peraon offered to supply the town with water, conveyed fmm a spring on the mountain above the town ; the height of which would have allowed of the water being carried to the very top of every bouse; prnvided the monopoly was secured to him for a certain number of yeara. His offer, how- wer, was decliued; had it been acceded to, it would have been of iuunenm

benefit to the~ town. 'Clic firir n in tli~par 1P22. 'I'he roun a3i incoip<,rutïd in lri33. mil III tlic ~lliirpar knt a reprvwnmtlre tu the Ili,u~rif Aiiciiih.?. 'I'h? pupu.nui>r.i.f Ilmiltc>ri. ~ccore and Banner: King- Hm Chronicle, British Whig. News; London (C.W.)Tinie6;lFodstock Hernld ; Quel h He*; Peterboro'Chronicle; Brcmkdie,Recuder: Dumfries Courier; ~m!ville Statenman, Nis a Chranicle, and Arp; Ottawa Advocate; The Churoh; Coboorg,Star; %odstoek Monarchi Chatham Journid; St. Cathr nue's Journal; Brantford Courier; Et. Thomas Standard; Bellcviüe InteIli- gencer; Lie at the Springs; Deutsch Canadiau; Hadmn Gazette. British Pupers.-Eumpean Times and News Letter, Dublin Warder, Dowu- kick Recbrder, Leinster Express, Dublin Monitor. Edinburgh Weeùiy $oumal, Army List, Navy do., Blackwood's, Dublin University Magazine. New York.-An 10 American, Evening Express, Albion, Sun, Spirit of the Times, ~ommerciafAdvertiser, Utica Gospel Messenger. The Journal8 of the House of Assembly are also kept here. There is al80 a. hïechanics' Instimte. Three newspapers are pnblished hem, "the " Hamilton Gazette," " Joornal and Express," and " Herald." Sir Allb McNah ha a handsome manaion, called " Dundurn," a short distance out of the iown. Amount of ratable property in the town of Hamilton, 6109,998. List of Gueerrrnient and DistrBet Ojicea kept in Haniilton.-Shenff, Clerk of Pe+oe, kreasurer: Judge of District Court, Inspecter of Liceusea. Collecter of Customs, Warden. Jiidpc of Surrogate Court, Registrar of do., Crown Lands Agent, Emigrant Agent, Superintendent of SEhools, District Clerk, Clerk of District Court, Coroner, Registrar of county of Wentworth. Profeisiuns and Trodu.-Ninc physicians and surgeons, sixteen lawyeni, three breweries, ten wholede importer8 of dry gmds and groceries, five im- parters of hardware, forty-ninr. stores, tvo foundries, four printing offices,three bookrellers, three chemists, sixtg-five taverus, taotanneries, three ooachmakeni, two acmp and candle factories, four auctioneers, five saddlers, eleven cabinet makers, three watchmakers, six bakers, ten shoemakers, thfie gnnsmithe, three confeqtioners, fourteen groceries, eleven beer shops, six biUlders, five stone masons, five tinsmiths, four hatters, fourteen tailors, eight paintrrs, one marble and stone works, thirteen blacksmiths. three ladies' seminaries, two schooia for boy& Four banks-"Gore." " Commercial." '& Montreal."and Baukof British North America." Prihcipal TuSerna and Stage Houae~.-~~Week's (htc Press's) Royal Ex- change." and the " Commercial." The former contaios above sixty rooms. Land Agents. J.T. Gilkison, King Street; Alex. Glen, King Street; and -Wedd. -...... 9h.e.t ~omTG1'mMercfiaats and Shipping Agents.-M. W. & E. Browne, Land & Routl~ Stage and Steamboat Farwfrom Hamiltm to the foiiowingplaces :-

+ -

Toronto ...... Per Stage ...... 6 P. p. 45 mile Port Dover ...... Do...... l 8 A. M. 38 do. London ...... !DO...... 8 P. m. 90 do. Galt ...... /Do...... 8 A. X. 25 do. Guelph ...... IDO...... 8 k M. 39 do. St Cstbarines ...... !Do...... 8 P. m. 32 do. Toronto ...... Per stéamer Eclipse. 8 A. m. 45 do. Do...... Do. Queeii. . 2 P. M. 45 do. Queenston and ~ia~ara~o. Express 7 A. m...... Esport9fia Lhr Port ofiianihn. for Mepra 1819 and 1844:- 1 DESCRIPTION. 1 1843. 1 1844.

Flour, barre16 ...... 52463 81597 Pork, do...... 246 Il72 Wbiskey,do...... 1167 1259 Butter, kegs ...... 220 430 Lard do ...... 89 - Do. harrels ...... 3 - Whrdt, biishels ...... 10351f 18430 Lumher (boards), feet ...... 20000 329647 Wesb India Staves, piecen ...... 153208 196245 Pipe do. do...... 29405 3ola Beer, barrels ...... 42 26 Apples, biishels ...... 181 56 Ashes, harrels ...... 267 430 Pot Barley, do ...... 270 - Oats, bushels ...... 60 63(1 Stone, toises ...... 15 33 Harley, bushels ...... 52 Potatoes, $0...... 1007 Merohand~se,cvts...... 26436 - Doinestic Manufucturea. cwts...... filai Otber Nerchandise, do...... -.... . 2255 i Tolls cdlected at Burlingion Bay, in fhe years 1843 and 1844:- In 1843 ...... 6 9 4 In.1844 ...... 5933 O 2 -- increase- ...... £946 10 10 HAMILTON. A Township in the Newcastle District ; is houndcd on the east hy the tom- ship of Haldimand ; on the north by Rice Lake, and a portion of South Lake ; on the west by Hope ; and on the south by Lake Ontario. In Hamilton 49,599 acres are taken up, 21,527 of which are nnder cultivation. Rice Lake oecupies a large portion of the north of the township. The town of Cohoiirg is situated on the lake shore, near the centre of the south of the township. Hamilton is seil settled, and possesses excellent farms. There are six grist and seventeen saw-mills in the township. Population iu 1842, 1774. Raliible properiy in the township,- 84,274. HARVEY. A Township in tbe Colborne District; is hounded on the east by the tom- ship of Burleigh; on the north hy unsnrveyed lands; on the west by Vernlam; and on the south by Smith and Ennismore. Harvey was onginally weU settled, by emigrnnts fmm the old country, but findmg the greciter part of the township unfit for cultivation, they left it, and it is now almost desead. Two hnndmd acres only are taken up, forty of which aie under onltivation. It is separated from Smith and Ennismore by a chain of Lakes, a large portion of' which stretch ncross the centre of the tomship. There is a grist and saw-miIl in the iawnuhip. In Wey37.277 srres of Cmm lm& are open fiu de,sr 8s c'y P? Population - Eatable property in &e township,- £880. HARWICH. A Township in the count of Kent in the Western District ;~bomded on the north-west by the River %hames ; on the sonth-west by the township of Raleigh ; on the south by Lake Erie ; and on the north-east by the township ot Howard. In Harwich 32,845 acres are taken np, of which 4.948 are under cPiti- vation. %il extremel fertile, consisting of reddish loam, with interveningridges of sandy or gravelly 7oam. Timber-white oak. black walnut, maple, bec+ hickory, basa-wood, &c. &c. ; and on the lake shore may be found cedar. both white and red. McGirgor's creek runs acmss the township to its nonb- western wrner. where it enters the Thames. This tmship is rell settled, con- taining 1898 inhabitants. Harwich contains a mixed population. The Canada Company possess 2,600 acres in Harwich. At the southern entremity of this township is the Rond Eau, to which hlubour an excellent road ha6 lately been formed fmm Chatham Amount of ratable property in the township 225.208. The town of Chatham is partly situated in Harwich

HASTINGS A County forming the Victoria District ; it wmprises the following tom- ships-Elzovir, Grimstho Hungerford, Hunungdon, Lake, &Iarmora, Madoc, Rawdon, Sydney, ~ndor,?hurlow. and Tyendenaga It returns amember to the House of Assembly. - HATSFIELD. A village in the township of Plaotaqenet four miles wuth of the Ottawa ; coniains aboiit eighty inhabitants ; grist and saw miil, one store, tao taverns.

HAWKESBURY EAST. A Township in the Ottawa Disnict; is hounded on the east by Lower Canada; on the north hy the Ottawa River; on the West by Hawkesbury West; and on the south by Lochiel. ln East Hawkesbury 24,037 acres are taken np. Foui thownd seven hundred and fort six of whicb are nnder cultivation. The land in this township, particularly thzbordering on the Ottawa, is mostly poor and cold, and mnch of it FS wet There is a settlement in the south of the township, ded "East Hawkesbury Mills," containing grist, saw and oatmeal mills. There are four pist and seven saw mills in the township. One thousud tao hundred and ninety-six acres of Crown lands in Hawkesbury East are open far de, at 88. currency per acre Population, 1,751. Ratable pmperty in the township, 618,946.

HAWKESBURY, WEST. A township in the Ottawa District; is hounded on the east hy East Hawkes- bnry; on the north hy the Ottawa; on the West by Longueil and Caledonia; and on the south by Lachiel. In West Hawkeshury, 23,459 acres are taken up, 7,201 of which are nnder cnltivation. The land of this township is simiLu to thai of East Hawkesbury. Hawkcabury village in situated in the nortb of the township; and Hawkesbury Mills, the large~tsawing establishment in Canada West, is a short distance bom the village. Two hundred and fifiy acres of Cmwn lands lue open for sale in West Hawkesbury. at 8s. per acre. There are tao grist and eight saw miil%and one distillery in the township Population, 1,976. Ratable property in the towmihip, 627,138. HAWKESBURY VILLAGE, OR HEADPORT. A V~llag-ein the township of Hnwkesbwy West, situated near the Uttawa, hur miles east of L'Orignal. It contains about 250 inhabitants. Churches and chapels two; viz., Episcopat and Congrrgational. Professions and Tradea.-One gnst and saw mill, distillery, carding machine and cloth factory. four stores, hvo taverus, one blacksinith. About one mile West of the villnge are Hawkesbury Millg one of the larges< eatabliahmedts for sawing lumber in Canada,, giving eniployment to between two and three hiindred hands. Here are a gnst and three saw mille, store, and various mechanics siipported by the est;tblishmen~

HAY. A Township in the Huron Distriet; is bounded on the nonh by the toariship of Stanley, on the nest by Lake Huron; on the south hy Stephen; and on the mat hy Tuckersmith and Usborne. The soi1 is good, with the exception of th land hordering on the lake. There is a post office in the south-east corner of the township, ou the London rond. Hny contnins 33.684 acres, 3,301 of which are leased or solfi; of ahich 397 are under cultivatiou Population, 113. Ratahle property in the township, £1,720 168

HAYSVILLE. A smdl Village in the township of Wilmot, situated on the Huron ro84 twentv-two miles from Galt It contains about seventv inhabitants.. umist and eaw miIl, one store, tao taverns, one blacksmith.

HELMSPORT, on THE JUNCTION!' A aniall Settlement in the township of Crowland, sipuated at the junction of the of the Welland Cmd with the feeder fmm the Grand River, fifteen miles from St. Catharines 11 containa about sixty inhabitanta, two stores, two taverns, one blacksmich, one tailor, one shoemaker.

BEN AND CHICKENS. A group of Islands, four in number, situated in the west of Lake Erie. about nine miles west from Point Pele Island. The kgest island, cded "The Ha," amtains ahout five acres of good lan4 the 0th- three are mere mcka

BEY WOOD'S BAY,-(See GREATMANITOULIN.)

HIBBERT. A Township in the Huron Distriet; is hounded on the north-ead hy the townships of McKillopand Logan; on the north-west by Tuckersmith; on the wuth-west hy Usbome; and on thc southeast hy Fidiarton. Most of the land in this township is pd. A branch of the Bayfield river mns throngh the nonh dthetownship. Hibbert contains 42,306 acres; 2100 of which are leasedor wld, of which 172 are nnder cultivation. Population, 95. Ratahle pioperty in the township,- £751 12s. RILLIER A Township in the Prince Edward District; is hdedon the north by the toupship of Amelimhurgh, Wdler's Bay, Conseeon Creek and Lake Conseeon; on the east hy Sophiashurgh and Hdowell; and on the south and vent hy Lake Ontario. Hiilier contains 80,717 acres, 16,460 of whieh are under cultintion. Three maIl bayr, called Young's Lake. Pleasant Ba,, and Hugh's Bay, run into the township on its West side. The township is well watered by several creeks mnning into these bays. The village of Wellington i~ rituated at the south-east corner of the township. There are four grist and twelve saw mille in the township. Fmm the loosc manner in which the censiis wos last taken in this township, it was imposoiblr to ascertain the population witb any accuracy. Ratable prapeny in the township, f 41,657.

HINCHINBROOKE. A township in the Midland District; is bounded on the east by the township of Bedford; on the north by Kennebec and Olden; on the w~stby Stoi~irigton; and on the south by Portland. A large lalre, hiving an irland in its centre, is situated a little West of the centre of the Loirnsliip; and several smali lakes are scattered over it. Fiîiy thousand acres of Crowu lands are open for eaie in the township, at 88. currency per acre. Hinchinbroolre bas only lately been opened for sale, and no retrirn has yet been made from it.

HOLLAND. A Township in the Wellington District; is bounded on the east by the town- ship of Euphrasia; on the nortli by Sydenham; on the West by Sullivan; and on the south by Glenelg. This township han only lately heeo surveged and laid out, and no retuin has pet been made from it.

HOLLAND LANDING, ST. ALBANS, on BEVERLY. A Villnge on Yonge Street Road, thiiy-tro miles north from Toronto; situated partly in the township of East, and part1 in West Owillimbury. It is three miles from the steamboat landing on the aolland River, and ten miles hmI~ke Simcoe. The place had been partidy settled for some years, bat was not laid out as a village till the year 1835. It is situated in the midst of hills; and the east branch of the Holland River runs through it. During the season, the 8teamboat "Beaver" leaves the Holland River for Barrie and Orillia erery Monda , Wednesday and Friday, returning on the alternate days; and a stage leaves 6oliand Landingevery morning at six o'clock, for Toronto. There are two chnrches-Episcopnl and Yethodist. Population, about 260. Po8t ofice, pst three times a week. P~qfesaiona and Trades.-One physician and siugeon. one lawyer,.one grise and saw miil, one brewery-, one distillery, carding machine and fulling mili, one tannery, one foundry, four stores. four taverns, one dniggist, one snddler, onr waggon maker, one baker, one cabinet maker,ohe watchmaker,one fanning-miU maker, me tinsmith, one blacksmith, two tailors, two shwmakem, one ladies' seminary, one bank ageucy-" Commercial'' Qriantit~of wheat ~nrchasedat Holland Landing, from September, 1644, to May,, 1845, ahut 55,000 bushels.

HOME DISTRICT. Consista of the County of York an2 the City of Toronto. The county of York is divided into four ridings, each retnrning one member to the Le&islative Asaembly. The north riding comprises the townships of Broek, North Gvil- lmbur , East Gwillimburj, Georgina, Nara, Reach, Ramn, Scott, Thorah. ~xbri&eand MThitchnreh. The sauth riding comprises the townships of Etobicoke, Kin&, Vaughan, and York, and for the purposes of registration of titien only, the city of Tommo. The en& riding comprises the îownshipu of Markham, Pickering, Scarborough, and Whitby; and the West riding com- prises the t»wi~shi[isof Albion, Caledon. Chinguacousy, Toronto Gorr, and Toronto township. The Home Distyict is situakd nearly in the centre uf tlia Province, and is baunded on the east by the Newcastle and Colhorne Districts; on the "01th by the Sinicoe District. Lake Simcoe. und Lake Gougichin; on the wïst by the Simcoe, Wellington, nnd Gorc 1)istricts; and on the sauth by Lake 0:ltario. The Home District hss heen settied about fifty years, oud in 1799 it contsinpd only 221 iuhabiiants. This district comprises a .great vnriety of soil, and also a considerable dif- fereucr in point of climatci thï Iÿuriships bordcri>>,-on Lakc S~CMbeing aboiit 590 feet abore Lake Ontario. The land tOr fiwiu tro to three miles back fiwm the ma;g.in of Lake Ontario, is generully rathcr p»»r and sandy, rith the exccp- lion of the cedar suamps. the soil of itltich is vrry ricb. -4s you recrde from the Iskc, the land improves in qriality; aud at fiom foui. to fivc miles fiuiu tlir lake yoii frequently come upon spiendid u.heat lad. A succession of pine rilps traverses the district ; iunning ttirough the north of Whitby, and south of Reach. rlie oeritre of Uxbridgr nnd Whitchercli, the ccntie of King and Aihion. :ind the north of Caledon ; alid from tlience iuto the Simcoe and Wel- lir~qonDistricts. Tlie district ia uatereà by the Crcdit, Humber, Don, R.ouge, and the Holland Rivers, and the Etobicoke and Dufin's Crrck; brsides nume- rous other small streaiiir rriaiiy ofxvhich are ercellciit miIl strenms, and mu aell stiidded with hnth prist and sar mills. Tlir Sottiiuasapa Rivrr also takrs its risr iii rhis district. The nortliern ts in tlie district, although en- jo"ing a fine clim>ite, and coiitaining excellent iand, hai-t? liitherto beeri kept v-iy much in the back-groiind l'or rant of good roads; soine parts king alto- gither impassable for veliicles. excelit duririg the timr when the (so called) rods nere covcred with snor, and otheri aimnst aa during a large portion of the yen?. Even the principal nad in tlie district, tlie grrat nodhero thorough- fare, with the exception of the sixteen miles (to Richmond Hill) vhich is rnaca- damised, has ~enerallybren for some time during every spiing, in such o state that no farmrr having any regard for his harses rould allow tliem to travel on it It is riow, houever, iinder contract, and there io a prospcd tbat in the coume of two or three yeani, rhen the nevly niaüc road shali have settlïd dowo, the fdrmers in the tmvnahips about Lakc Simcoe may hc able tu hring theirproduee to Toronto market. Gond roads into the intevior of the northern hack toan- ahips are still hoae~ervei~ much wanted. Next ta chc Gore District, the Eloine is the best settled district in the Pro- vince, Tbe road for eighteen miles along the Kiogstori road from Toronto is ylanked; aiid tue Yonge Sireet ~oadil n~acadamisedto Richmond Hill (sixteen miles), and the Dnndas Street to Cooksville (sixteen miles). The foiiner is noF to. be macadamise& as far as the Hollarid Landing, and the latter for some distance farlher westward. Tlie priiicipal towin iii rhe district is Toronto, the district mwn, and formerly the capital of tlie Upper Proviuce; and there are besides in the district the villages of Osliaaa and Windsor in TVhithy; Narkharn, Richmond HiU, and Tiiomhill, in Mdrkham; Ncaniarket, in Whitchurch; Holland Lnnding, partly in Easrand partly in West G~i.illimhury; Lloydwwn, in King; Mimieo and Weston, in Etobicoke; Cooksville, Springfield, Port Credit, Streetsb-ille, and CliiirehviUe, in Toronto; besides numerons others of less note. In the Home District 24,410 aJar% Georbha. East and North Geillimliuw, Urock, Thorah, a~dRama. Ndarly SU.000 acres of land have bcen hrought into oultivation betreen Januarg. 1842. and January, 1844. Po ulation ofthe district in 1841,58,853; since when it han prohnbly inereased one-P fth. H me following abshaer from the Assesameor XoUa aill show the raie of hcrease and improvementin the district:-

... .-. - -- .. ~ ~-..---. ~

9,826

--- Gonerament and District Ogrîers h the Home District: Judge of District Court ...... Robert Easton Burns Toronto. Slieriff ...... Wm. Botsford Jarvia Do. Cierk of Pace ...... Georpre Gurnett ...... Eo. Tieasurer ...... James S. Howard ... Do. Hegistrnr ...... Samiiel G. Ridont ... Do. dudge of Surrogate Court ...... Hon. S. B. Harrison.. Do. Registrar of do...... William Chewctt ...... Da Inspetor of Licenses ...... James lllcDonel1...... Do. Crown Lands Agent ...... Tbonias Bain- ...... Do. District Clerk ...... Jiibn Elliot ...... Po. Clerk of District Court ...... Walter MeKenzie ... Do. Deputy Clerk of Crown ...... None Warden ...... Edward W. Tbomson Do. j Thomas Bell ...... Do. Anditora ...... Robert Beekman ...... Do. Diitrict Superintendent of ~chm& Hamilton Hunter ...... »o. r A.Smal1ey ...... N.Gwiiiimbq, Geo. Dnggan ...... Toronto eity. D. Bridgford ...... Vaughan. Geo. Walton ...... Toronto city. Coroners ...... \V. B. Crew ...... Do. F. Osborne ...... Thorab. M. Nardonaqh...... Man Jas. Adamson ...... Toronto township. I J. Clarke ...... Whitby. Nuniber of Cmmm Srhaals in opnation in the DLsti.ict.-Whitby, tweiity-one; Markham,twenty-three; Pickering,twenty-one; Whitchurch,sixteen; Vaughan, eighteen; Toronto, twenty-t.wo; Chinguacousy, twenty-three; York, twenty- three; Etobiooko, six; Scarbrough, nine; Gore of Toronto, four; North Gwil- limbury, three; East Gwillimburp eleren; Georgina, five: Reach, nine; Ux- bridge, four; Scod, one; Tho~ah,four; King, tventy; Broek. eleren;' Albion. thirteen; Caledon, thirteen; Mara und Rama, four. Total, 284.

HOPE. A Township in the Newcastle Diitriot; is bounded on the east hy the township of Hamilton ; on the north by Cavan; on the west by Clarke ; andon the south by Lake Ontario. In Hope 42,058 acres are taken up, 16,409 of which are nnder oaltivation. A considerable stream, poasessing valuable miIl privile s nuis through the town~hip,and enters the lake a6 its south-east corner. &L: toan of Port Hope is situated on the Lake. at the mouth of thià creek. which fonns the barbour. This township in weii fettled, mipassesses excellent land. Timber principzlly hîrdwood, with some pine There are five griat and fonr- iren saw-mills in the townsliip. *Popnlation in 1P42, 4$432. 'Rat~hle pmpertp in the township, £58,468. * These include the town of Port- Hopc. HOIIXRP. A smzll settlement, sitnated partly in Esqiiesing, and partly in Trafalgais eight milas fmm Dundas Street. It contins about sixcy inhabibitants, two Stares. one tavern. Pwt-office, post three times a week.

HOHSE ISLAKD. An Island in Lake Huron (alsa called Fourth &Ianitoulin) 141 miles from Ggderich. and aboiit one niile souib-part of the Great Df:~nitoiilin ; so nnm~d from the eircuinstance of a horse, siipposed to have escsped fmm a wreclr. having existed upon the island for about eipht ypars, wheire it became so wild that it was impossible to capture it It wns at length destroyed. The island is nninliabited. - HOR.TOX. A Tovns!iip in the Bathurst District; is boundcd on the north.east hy the O.tara R.ivir ; on the north-west by the township of Ross ; on the south-vest hr Admiston ; and on the south-east by McSab. In Hoiton 15,807 acres are takrn np, 2,181 of which are under cultiration. This is a small township, having some large lakes in it. l'here is some rood land in tbe township. Nineteen thousand six hundred acres of Crown lands are open for sale in Horton, at 8s. c'y per acre. There are one grist and two saw-miils in the township. Population in 1842, 544. Ratable property in the township, f 7,989.

HOUGHTON. A township in the Talbot District ; is bouuded on tbe north-eaot by the township of Walsingham; on tbe wesr by Ragliam: and on the south by Lake Erie. In Honglitoii 9,830 acres are taken up, 1,803 of ahich are under cultiva- tion. This is a sniall aedge-shaped township, tbe timber of which is principally pioe. There are sis saw-ni:lls in the township. Popnlstion in 1P41. Si?. Ratable piopettg in the township, f 6,191.

HOWARD. A Township in the coiinty of Kent,, in tlie Western District; is boundcd on the north hg the River Tliames ; on the sourh-wed bp the township of Harnich; on the norih-east hg the township of Orford ; and on tbe south by IdeErie. In Howard 33,501 acres are t;iken up. 6,545 of which are under ciiltiuation. The soi1 of the greatrr part of this townsbip is a fine light loam, intermixrd with gravel, heing very easy of ciiltiu~ition. DlcGregor's Creek iuns aCrOS6 tbe township. One hundred acres of Crown lands arc open for sale in Howard at 8s. c'y per acre, and the Canada Company possess ahout 4,500 acres in the township. There are in the townsliip three prirt and six saw mills, of aliich nurnb:r one grid and three-san mllls arc on Rig Creek, a stream ninning into Lake Eric. Thew is an Episcopal Church in Iiorard. H~aarùis nell settled, and contaihs a mised popiil~ition, consisting of Engli~h,Irisb, Scoteh, Canaàians, Gcriniins, and Amcricans. From tiiis and the two adjoining township there were erported Laet year- R 2 10,500 Bushela of Wheat, valued at...... ,.£l,960 15 O 114,000 Pipe Stnves '6 u 1.282 IO O 169 Barrels Pork, ,a II a30 O O Some eeasons, as much as 100 hogsheads of Tobacco have been shipped fm this township, but latterly. hmthe diminiqhhed duty imposed upon tobacco fmm the United States, the crop has become unprofitable, and the farmers have con- se uently diseontinned the cultivation. %opulation in 1845, 1,896. Ratnble property in the township, £22.122.

HULLETT. A township in the Hnron District ; is bounded on the north*east by Cmwo lands ;'on the West by the townrliips of Colborne and Goderich ; on the soiith- west by Tuckersmith ; and on the soiith-east by bXcKillop. A bi,anch of the Maitland River runs thmugh thk township. The sail is generally good. Hiil- lett contdins 35,941 acres, 3,960 of which are leased or sold, of whicli 324 acres are- ~ nnder cnltivatinn.~~~-.~ Population 195. Ratable property in the township, £1,470. k.

HUMBER RIVER. Takes its rise in the township of Vauglian, and follows nearly a south course ta I~keOntario, fonning the houndary between the townships of Etobicoke and York. The village of \Veston is situated on the Humber, in the toanship of Elobicoke, and there are several grist and saw miUs on it.

HUiîIBEl1STONE. A Township in the Niagara Disaict; is boiiuded on the east by the rnmnsliip OF Renie; on tbe nonh by Cmwlaud; on the mest by Wainfleet; and on the south by Lake Erie. In Humbeistone20,484 acresare taken op, 6,596 of which are under cultivaticin. Humberstone contains good land; but many of the farms are not weii cultivated. Tbere are one grist and two 6aw mills in the townbhip. Population in 1841, 1.376; who are piincipally Pennsylvanian Dutch and thet descendants; with a small mixture of Canadians, Americans and Germans. Ratable pmperty in the township, £23 704.

HUNGERFORD. A Township in the Victoria District; is bounded on the eut by the township of Sheffield; on the nonh by Elzevir; on the west hy Hnntingdon; and on the south by Tyendenaga and Richmond. In Hungerford 19,472 acres are taken un. 3.933 of which are nnder duvation. A small lake is situated near the céntre of the township, having several smali streams ninning into it. The Noira River tnkes its rise in this lakc, and leoves the township at its south-aest corner. There are four gnat milla and one saw mil1 in the towdship. Five thousand four hundred and ûfteen acres of Cmwn lands are open For sale in Hungerford, at &. currency per acre Population in 1842, 880, who are principally protuitant Irish. Rutable pmperty in the township, £10,715.

HUNTINGFORD. A Settlement in the east of the township of Zorra: it contains about hfiy in- habitants, an Epismpal church, a tavern, and a blacksmith's shop.

HUNTINGDON. A Township in the Victoria District ; ia bounded on the east by the township d Bungerford; on the north by Nadoc; on the West by Rawdon; and on the south by Thurlow. In Huntingdon 20,299 acres are taken np, 5,509 of which are under cultivation. There is a small lake in the northeast corner of the township. Huntingdon is well settled, gnd contains nome good fm. Tbem are three saw mills in the township. One thonsand one hundred acres of Crown lands are open for sak in Huntingdon, at 8s. ciirrency per acre: Population in 1842, 1,099; who are principally pmtestant Irish. Hat~bleproperty in the township,- £14,590. HIJNTLEY. A Township in the Dalhousie Diatrict; is bounded on the north-enst by the township of March; on the north-west by Fitzro on the south-west by Rameay; and on the south-cast by Bcckwith. In 3;; untley 30,626 acres are taken up. 5,727 of which are under cultivatioa This township is getting well eettled: there is some pod land in it, but a considerable portion of the timber is pioe. A brnnch of the Mississippi River and Carp River run through the township. Pourteen thoiisand and seventy-ninc acres of Crown lands are open for sale in Huntley, at 8s. currency per acre. There is one saw miii in the townahin.- .. popuLtion in 1842, 1771. Ratable pioperty in the tawnship, £16,686.

HIJRON DISTRICT. Consists of the County of Huron, which returns a member to the House of Asaembly; and comprises the follo~vingtownships:-AsMeld, Biddulph, Blan- sk,ard, Colborne, Downie, Ellice, South Easthopi, North Easthope, Fullarton, Godericb, Hibbert, Hay, Hullett, Logan, McKillop. McGillivray, Stephen, Siÿnley, 'ruckersmith, Usborne, and Wawanosh. Allthe townships, except the first and Hic last, which belong to the Crown, are the property of the Canada Company. and were formed out of the Ihmn Tract. which vas purchased from the Crown by the Canada Company in the year 1827. The Huron Tract waa declared a district in 1842; previous ta wliich time it formed a part of the London District. A'large, portion of the land in the disirict is goad, although some arts are rathor hilly and broken; and the land generally on the borders of the &ke, and also on the DIaitlsnd River, is rather poor. There is but little pine in tlir district. The district is watered by the Maitland and Bayfield Rivers, and also by thc River Aux Sahles and the Thames; the former of which is an ex- ullcnt niill streani, and the mouth of it forms the Goderich Harbour. The Grrat Sw;imp, as it is called, wliich is situated to the north of the Huron Tract, encroaches on the townships of McKillop, Logan and Ellice. in this swamp tbe rivers Maitland, Saugcen, Bayfield, Thames, and it is believed also the Grand Hiver, take lheir rise. The Canada Company were allowed by the bovergment 100,000 aereî of land as coinpensation for any loss that might anse to thcm from the swamp fomiing any pari of thcir purchase. The Hiiron District is gettled almost exclusively by einigrants from Englund, Ireland, and Scotland, and a fer Gcrmnns. Goderich, tlie district town. is handsomely and healthily situated on Lake Huron. There are no Croan lands for sale in the district, except in the townships of Ashfield and Wawanosh; in which 86,500 acres are open for sale, at 8s. currency per acre (a town hss been laid out by the Crown in the township of Ashfield, on the lake shoi*, in which to'wn lots are sold at fi curreney eacli); ro purchase any of which application must be made to the Ci,own lands agent nt Goderich. Populgtion in 1845, 13,500. The followiog ahstract fram the aasessment rolle, will show the rata of in- erease and impmvernent in the district:

'Oxeo 4 yeara Hoinad Caltls, Arncunl of Dale. / Acres Maleh Cons. old. nnd Irom 2 to r Ratable Culfirated upwardr. )i&?rs old. Propen~.

Gonmmmt und Disirici O$icers in the Huron Dwirict: Jud~of District Court...... A. Acland ...... Goderieh. Sheriff ...... John McDooalà ...... Do. Treasurer ...... Henry Ransford ...... Do. Clerk of Praee ...... Daniel Lizani ...... Do. Renistrar ...... John Galt ...... Da. Collrctor of Customs...... Do...... Do. Inspecter of Fish ...... Do...... Da. Inspecter of Licenses ...... Charles Widder ...... Da. Siiperintendent of Schoals...... John Bignall ...... Do. District Clerk...... D. Don ...... Do. Clerk of District Court ...... John Colville ...... Do. Warden ...... W. Dunlop...... Do. Coroner ...... Geo. Fraser ...... Do. L%ro.of Cornmon Schchools in nperution itr die Huron District.-Ashfirld, one ; Biddulph, three; Blarshard, none; Colborne, one ; Downie. twot Ellice, one; North Easthope, tuzo; South Easthope, two; Fiillarton. none ; Hihhrrt, none; Hulktt. one; Huy and Stephen tso; Stanley. one; RlcGillirray, tao; Ushorne. sevrn; Goderich. ser.cn; Wnnanosh, none; McKillop, one ; Tuekersn~ith,three; TViUiaius, three. Total, tliirty-nine. -- HURON LAKE. The second lake in point of size in Canada It is 218 miles in length, and 180 hroad at its widest pari, and 594 feet ahove the level of the sea. On the east it is hordered hy Iudian resewes, thc Huron Districc and the northern portion of the Western District; O. the north altogether hg aild and unoceii- pied lands; and on the west hg the United Bates. It reeeires the waters of and , and discharges itself into tlie River St. Cjair. A large aing of the lnhr, ealled the " ," extends itself in a south- easterly dimetion for about a hundred miles, ineluding aithin its houiids the harbours of Owen Sound, Kottaanrapa Hay. Penetangiiisliene Bay, and Gloster Bay ; and it is connected by means of the Severn River (which, however, is not navigable) witb Lake Sinicoe. The Georgian Bay is studded nith islands, seveml tliousands in nnmher, and varyiny in size, from a fea square feet to mang acres. The scenery of the boy is &y-heautifd. A large island, ealled the Great >lanitonlin, about 100 miles in length, mid from four to twenty-five iniles wide, is situated in the nortbof Lake Huron; and several smaller islmb are seattered around it. The Great Zlanitoulin, how- ever, is the onlg one inhabited. The saters of the lake are rrmarknbly pure and clear: thcy have heeii gradually rising during the last few years: and inÿny parts along the south-eaat shore, where three or four yeam ago therr were merel ysrds of sandy and gravelly beach, between the hase of the cliffs and the rater's edge, are now linder water. The hanke of the lake Vary in height, in some parts being low and sandy, and in 8there high clay hanks, nt least 120 feet in height. Lake Hnron is rather snbject co sudden storms, and the muth of the lake is deficient in good harburs, the principal of nhich are Goderich and Saugeen. Vessels, howrver, if ewght in a smrm on the lake, if not too far w tlie north, generally mn dovn for slteiter to the bay in the Riva St Clair; above Port Sarnia, fo;med hy the projection of Point Edward; and sometimes io bab weather, a doeen vessels niay he seen at anchor here at one time. There are as yet but fea British steainboats on Lnke Huron; but, as the country bordering on the lake and the Georgian Bay becornes settled up. thw will gradiiaiiy increase in number.

IIURD, CAPE. Tbe north-western extremity of the land behveen Lake Huron and the Georgian Bay. It is 121 miles from Goderich.

ItiDI.iX.4. A small Village in the township of Seneca, plesgantly situated on the Grand River, twelve riiiles fmm Caledonia It contains about 120 inhabitants and a ratholie Church. 1'0.1 Unit.,, poat ilirw iimr. a u,.tk. I'r,!f+s~i,m%nst!rr. One Kr1.ï niil!. 1w.0 nar do.. disriiiery, iuo cinrr* xwo rircrii.,oiic piil i.isrur,. trir b.rkjrit:ih,ir~irliiitni.ik~rr.on<.c~hinïiuakir, one tailor, one miggon makei:

INCERSOI.1,. A VillaF? in the township of West Oxford, sitiiated oii th? plank road, twenty- tvo miles iiisi frarn London, and ten niiles west frnin Woodstock. Thc east branch of the River Thames runs throngh it. Ingenoll aas laid out in 1831, and r:ow conraias nearly 400 inhabitant;. There is an Episcopal Chiirch inthe village, and a Free Chireh und a klrthodist da. in course of erection. The registry office for the county of Oxford, is kept in Ingersoll. Post Ofice, post every da?. Pmfispionn and Trrid~s.-One grist and tao saw mills, one cariling machine snd hlling mill, foiindry, one brewery, one distillrry, one tannery, one asherp, one ph~sicinnand snrgeon. one cabinet malier, two chair factories. one carriage maker, twti maggon makers, seven stores: tmo tnveins, toio

I'INISFII.. A Township in the Siincoe District; is bounded on the north by Xc-mpenfcldt Bay and psrt of the township of Ve..pra; on the Test by Essa; on the soutfi by West Gwiliinibury; and on the eas: hp 1,akc Sirncoe and Cook's Bay. In 'Innisiil 25.591 acres arr tnkcn iip. 46Cl of which are mider cuitir:ilioii. This is tzt.her a ro!ish toimship ; that portion of it bordering ori Lake Jimcoe nnd its hays, is mnstly wild land; the eauïe cf aliich is said to be its beiny ici the hapds alabsente?%. In the centre of the towiiship are some prrn? goad farnis. A large sivamp cxtrnds for some distance nling the town line bi,tverri Innisfil aiid Essa. and reaclies iuto Teeiiniseth and n'est üwiltimbnry. The surveror aho originally surveyed the township statrs, that although rhere aar a large nnmber of mbr soiamps in it. stili that eaeiy lot possessis si~fficientgo06 land to make a km.. 2200 acree of Crown Lands axe open for sale in InniaEl at 8s. currency per acre There are in the township one grist and two saw mius, carding machine and fulling mill and btewery. Population in 1842, 762; who are principally Irish and Scotch. Rutable pmperty in the township,- f 12,603. IRVINE SETTLEMENT. A &otch senlementin the township of Nichol, a short distance West from Elora Inhabitants principally from Aberdeen.- ISLE AUX CERFS.- --(Sec STA~IYLAXD.) ISTHMUS, THE, on NEWBORO'. A emall Settlement in the township of North Crosby, on the Rideau C~nal, twenty miles from Oliver's ferry, and forty-two from Kingston. It contains about eighty inhabitants. four stores, one tavern, two shoemakers, one black- amith J .kMESTOWN. A small Settlement near the south-east corner of the township of Yarmoiith, on Catfish Creek, about one mile from Lake Erie, contains a grist and saw mill, distillery, and about ten bouses. - JAMESVILI.E.-

JUNCTION, THE. A settlement io the township of \i'estmirister, six inilesfrom Inndon, situated at the junctiao of the plank road to St. Tl~omar,with the Delarare road. It eoritninr about iiixty inhahit~ots,one store, tline taverns. Distillery and steam grist mil1 erecting. - KAI.ADAH. A Townshipin the tlidland District ; is bounded on the east by the township of Kennebec ; nii the north by Ariglesea ; on the West by Elzevir; iind on the soutb by Sheffield and a sn~allportion of Hungriford. This township is well walered by numerous siria I strcanis : it has only lately been opi,iird for sale, and no return has ?et ùcrn na di. fio~nit. Sixtg-five thousand acrrs of Crosn lnnds are open foi. sale in Kalabr, at 89. c'y pcr acrr.

KATESVIL1,E. A mal1 settlement in the township of Adelaide, situated on Rear Creek. It contnins about thiity inliabitants and on? store.

KEENE. A village in the township of Otonabre, sitiiated on the Indiari River. ncÿr Rice I.ake, thiifern rni1i.s south-cast fion) Pcterboroiigh. It con~ainsahnut 110 inbabitnnts. wlio have two c!iu~.chrs,Prpsbyterinn and Wesleyan 31rtnodijt. Prqfessiafis arc1 Tr

KEMPENFELDT BAY.-(See LAKESIUCOE.) KENNEBEC. A Township in the Ifidland District : is boundedon the east by the township of Oldeii ; ,on the north by Barrie ; on the west by Kaladar; and on the soutb by She5eld and Hinchinbrooke. Tao long lakes, one of which ia called "Long Lake,"stretch across the centreof the township ; theseare the principal sources of Salmon River. This township ha8 only latelg been opened for sale, and no return han yet been made from it. Sixty-five thousand acres of Cruwn lands are open for salein Kenncbec, at eight shillings currancy par acre.

KENT. .4 Connty in the Western District. It comprises the townsbipe of Bosanquet, Rrooke. Cainderi. Chatham, Dawn, East Dover, \Test Dorer, Enniskillen, Har- wicb, Howîrd. Moore. Orford, Piyinpton, Raleigh. Romney, Sarni% Sombra, East Tilbury, Warwick and Zone. It returns a member to the House of Asseniblg. - KENYOII. A Township in the Eastern District ; is bounded on the north-east by the township of Lochicl; on the north-west by Czledonia; on the south-west by the reserve of the St. Regis Indians; ancl on the routh-easthy <:liarlottenburgh. In Kenyon, 43,166 acres are takrn iip, 3,R:li ot which are nnder cultivatioii. The land irl Kenyon varies in qunlity. Timbrr, pine, intermked with hardwond. Thete arc two rist milis in the township. Popiilation in 1842, 2,6.36, who are principally Irish Catholics and Scotch. The latter have a Presbyterion Ciiurch in the township Ratable propeitg in the townsliip, £20,312.

KILiVORTH. A Village in the township of Delaware, situated on the Ri~rrTliames, about five miles froin Delawxe. It contains about 150 inhabitante. There is a sto!ie school-house in the village, which is used for religioiis srrricea. About one niile froin the village. iii the township of Lobo, Lord Moniitensliel has a house, finely situatcù, hein8 tweted on an eminenee commanding a fine vieiv of the Thanirs. Prl!f;.rsii>nsand Trririrs.-Tao grist mills, one saw ditto, carding machine and fulling mill, one ùistillery, t3.o tanneries, four stores, two taverns, one siiddler, two railors, two shoemakers, one waggon-maker, and one blaeksmith.

KING. h Townrhip in tlie Rome District; is bounded on the north by the townships of Ga~illiuihiiiy\\'est ancl Secriiiiarth; on tlie West by Albion; on the south by Vîu~haii;and oii the east by Whitchurch. In King, 53,340 acres are talien up, 13,818 of which are under cultis.itioii. This is 311 ald settledtownship. and posdesscs some fine Clnns; biit a porlion of the tuwndhip is hilly and broken, th: tiiiiber hiino. heinlock intermiiigled wirh h;iidaood. The Test branch of the Hollnnd niver runq through tlic ccntre tif the north of the township and is borlrred by a coiisiderahle cxtent of swainp. The village of Lloydtown is siiiinted in the nortli-west cijrncr of the township, and one mile and a half Io the north-euzt ia the village OC Hrownarille. There are also in Kiii~,i?ogart- toxn iii the ,"orth-eus1 of' the township about txo miles fiom ïoiige Strc~t. co!itaining about ten dwelliugs, griat ziiid sam miIl. aaggon ninkcr and black- si~iith:aud Tyrwhit's Mill-, ri~htmiles east from Lloydtown. brtween that village and ïnnge St~ret,contaiiiinp grist and saw mill, tavern, store, Cooper, anil blacksniitli. King is settled hy a rniacd population, consisting principally of Irish, with a fov Engùsh, Scotch, Canadians, and Americans. One hundred acres of Crown lands are open for ale in King, nt 8s. cumncy per acre. There are eight grkt and twelve saw miils in the township. Population in 1842, 9625. Ratable propeity io the township, 242,064. -- KINGSTON. The District Town of the Midland District. in the township of Kingston, situated on Lake Ontario, 199 miles from Dlontreaiaud 177 froin Toronto. It was incorporated in the year 1838. Iris afine healtliy situation, biit havinga biirrzn back country. its principal dependance for hupport wu upon tlie carrying cradc. uiitil the removal of the Seat of Government froiii Toronto, by Lord Sydcnliam in Junr, 1841, wbcn the toan begaii rapidiy to irnprove. Handsome stone buildings wcre erected, and tlie inhabitants, supposing that Kingston wriuld continue to be the capitnl i,f the Pioviuce, aant to eonsidrrable expense in iin- prpving, iiot merely the public hnildinps, biit also thrir places of busiilrralily accoiiinii~date 500 pcr- sons. The donie at the top of tlic building is surroiinded iii the intcrior bj a gaiiery. froin wùeiice a fine viev inay bc olilüined of ibc tom of Kingston and the surroundiiig couritry, ineludiiig Lake Ontario, witli the islands in tiie vicinity. Tlie Presbylerians have a collegiate institiitiori, callrd " Qiicen's Collepc and IJoisi.rsitg iif Kiogato~i." Tlie wurt hoiise is a sqiiaie stone liiiilding. Tliere are ten ehiirctiea and chapels, viz., three Eliiseopal, tiuo Çatliolic, one Prcsby- teri?u.,tmo Jlethodist (British \Vr.slcynn aiid Canadian \\eslcyan). I:nptist, aiid Ii~inf~te.'L'he hoapital is suppartedpartly bygovernmentand partly by voluii- tary eourribi~tions. The "Hotel Dieii." is nttended by sisiers of chaiity. Thcre is a nrws and rrading rooin, and n Mechanies' Institure. Eire neaspapersare pulilislied werkly-the "Ciironicle &Gazette." " Hcrnld,' " Rritisli Whig." " N~.wa,"a::d " .4rpts." A marine railwny a:is <:stablished Iicre in 1827, for the piirpose of hauling ont und repniring vessels. The railnny is 572 feet in length, norked by four horses, witb maclfiuery giviiifi a rnultiplying power of 215 iimes, thus produciiig 860 Iiorse poaer, and a capacity foi Iianling out n vesse1 of300 mus. 'I'herr is also a smdl railway for hkuiing out Rver boate and barges. A shipyard % connected with the railwsy. 'i'here is amineral spring, ',' boy le'^," at the corner of King and Arthur streets. the water of which was cbtlined by bnrin~75 feet. The following analysis d the vater was by Prufesaor (!raft, of Kings College, Toronto:- Specific gravity at 68 Fahrenheit ...... 1.018 One pint contains of solid mater- CRAINB. Ch!oride of Sodiiim ...... 108.193 Chloride of Calcium ...... 74.959 Chloride of Magnesium ...... 9.463 Sulpliate of Soda ...... 3.954 196.569 A bridge a third of a mile in length has been ccostructed across the Cata- raqui Il%:, on the opposite side of which, on an eminence commsnding tbe eritranîe to the birg and the town of Kingsron, is situated Fort Henry : and b-low the Iiill, on the bny, are the marine barracks. A large portion of the tnwn, called "Lot Twenty-four," and the villuge of Portland, are not includcd within tlie lirnits !if tlie corporation. At Portsmoutli Rarhour, about tivo miles west from the market lionse, is the Pcnitentiarg, a hrgc stone building, surroiinded by, a substmtial stone wdl. hx~iiig,towersat the onter cornera; at presént containing about 100 convicts. (Tliis 1s thc only Penitentiary in the Province, consequently this number includiis the cocviets of hoth the Cpper ancl Lower Provinces.) Ileii ai* workshops for carpenters, blacksmiths, shoemirkers. tailors, ntid arope valk. The celle are so arianged tliat the Ireepers, aithout being perwived, cnn at al1 tinres ascenain aliat is goirig (in aithin. She establishment appeais to be well regiilared. A ahoyt distance from the Pei~itentiar~,are batha and rnineral springs, which have been iiiucli freyilented hv health and pleasure seekers. There are tao wells; the firrt wns discovered in the year 1843, in boring for aater for the cise of the neig;il>nuriiigdistillery : it is-near the edge of the lake, and the vater was abtaint!d by boring tlirough the rg~ek,to the depth of 145 feet The otlier welt is higher iip the baiik. ai11the water vas foutid at alwiit eiglity-five feet fmm the surF&ce. The follnaing is an analysis of the water of the two wells, by Professor \Villiainson, of Qriecn'a Ccllege:- Anol!,sis of thc L'pptr Well. Specific gravity ...... 1,0412 In

117.52 Gases, Carbonic Acid Gas and a trace of Siilphuretted Hydrogen. A salooo aud bach house Iiavti be'n crec1i.d. Tliare is also in tlie ritiighhourhood a iiiiirine railway and shiprard, nnd an extensive establishment consisting of brcver)., distiller)., and saleratus factory. Thc brewcry and naitiratus factory are coiinected together, and the saleratus is very ingcriiously and eco~iomicallyniade, hy rrposing pcar:ash to the action of tiiti ciirbo iic acid gas, wliieh is gmcra~edduring the fermentation of the ber, and rnich is conveged to the room containing the pearlasli. The proprietor d~rsto supply 2000 lbs. prr diiy. The population of the torn of Kingston, within the liinitr of the corporation, is 6123 jbeing 1700 less than be1'0i.e the removal of the Sent of Goreinment); inclnding " Lot 'Twenty-foiir" and ihe village of Portiand, it amounta to be- truen L 1,000 and 12.000. Ilatahle property in the tovn, f 146,766. Poat Officr., post every dsy. The folloviiig goxwmnrnt and distNct o5ces are kept in Kingston : Judga of District Court, Sheriff, Clerk of Peace, Inspcctor of Licrnses, Einigration Agent, Collecter of Ciutoms, Treasurer, Registrar of County of Frontenac, District Clerk, CIrrk of District Court, Deputy Clerk of Croan. Profe.wions and T7ade.s.--One stclim grist mill, four brrn.rric.6, three tanneries, ien physicians and surgeons, foiirteen Iawyers, three fbundries, steam pltining machine, thirty-six dry goods and hardware stores, thing-seven groceries, three hooksellers, five druggists, tao shipbuilders, one SUTVeyoT, five priutem, one engraver, one dentist, ninety-foiir taverns, three bookbinders, one marble factory, eight hoarding houses, six tallow chandlers, tao coach milkers. five raggon makers, eight aaddlers, one veterioary eurgeon, four aatcbmnkers, one boat hailder, two sail niakers. ten cabinet makers; seven livery stables, five painth, ten tinsmiths, nine bakers, seven blncksmiths, five confectioners, four coopcrs, five stone masorir, thirty-six shocmakers, trenty-nine tailors, tro chair makers. four hatters, two barbers, seven butchers, two sausage makers, five ladies'schools, tvo do. for boys. Bank agencies, 4-" Commercial,>' "British North America," <'Upper Canada," and " Montreal." i'r>r,ncr,,n\.-" I~u'c)\." .*l..iinhuin II

Canada ...... 830 50 Gilderslieve ...... 255 50 Hunter ...... 197 28 Prince Albert ...... 1 150 30 Beaver ...... 1 197 28 Otter ...... 1 197 28 Prince Edwarù ...... 188 45 Prince of Wales ...... 1 130 40 Bgtown ...... 100 20 Juno ...... 100 25 Mereury ...... i 100 25 Meteor ...... 100 25 Charlotte ...... 1 50 15 Drifnonia ...... 100 80 Caledonia ...... 100 25 Lily ...... 100 25 Grenville ...... 75 26 Onthrio ...... 100 32 Frontenac ...... 138 45 l Totd ...... : 2707 ! 594 Schmner Eleoiori ~formerly- Great Britah" steamer), 562 1 Thirty-one schooners, whose totd tonnage amounts toi 3352 Total ...... 6621 Exclusive of many barges and other small craR. l i KINGSTON. A Township in the Midland District; is boiinded on the east by the township of Pittsburgh; on the north by Portland and hughborough; on the west hy Ernesttown ; and on the south by Lake Ontnrio. In Kingston 47,649 acres are taken up, 16,218 of whicli are under cultiration. The Cataraqili River, ?r Rideau Canal, runs through the east of the township, and enter8 Lake Ontnrio on theeast side of Kingston, forniing at its moiith a kind of bay, scmea which an excellent bridge has been constrncted, leading to the village of Barryfield, which ia ~itnatedon the east side of the bay. opposite Kinwton; near whi'eh, on an eminence conimanding the town of Kingston, is Fort I?enry. The village of Waterloo is situated on the western rond, about three miles fmm the town of Kingston: and on the Rideau Canal, about six miles north from Kingston. is Kingston Mills, a spot the sceuery of which is very picturesqur. There are two grist and three sawmills in the township. Kingston is well =bled, and contains 6,239 inhahitants: this nurnber. how- evér, inchdes portions of the outskirts of the mwn of Kingsbn, known as ''Lot 24," and the village of Portland, whieb are not inelnded in the corporatioa Hatnble property in the township, £71,151.

KITLEP. A Township in the Johnstowo Distriet; is bonnded on the north-eaat hy the township of Wolhrd; on the narth-west by South Elnisley: on the sonth-west by Bastani; and on the south-east hy Yonge and Eiizatethtowa In Kitley 40,497 acres are taken up. 11,589 oT which are nnder cultivatiun. This is a well settled township, containing pod land, and vell cultiveted farms. One hundred acres of Crown landa are open for sale in mley, at 88. mrrency per scze. There are one grkt and two saw mills in the township. Population in 1842, 2,964; who arc principally English, Irish and Scotch. Ratable propeny in the township, f 30,185. - LAKE.~--~. A l'omthip in the Victoria D:strict; is boundcd un the edst h) the township of Tudor; on the north by unsur?~*).cùIsnds: uii the wvet by :ilett.~ivn; and on the nouth hy .\Iarriiorn. Thin township hias oiilj Isiely hven opvncd rur wle. and no retiirn his yet been made from it. Fifty thousand acres of Crown lands sre open for sale iÜ the township, at 8s. cwiency per acre.

LAKE ONTARIO. 1s ahout 181 miles in length; and. in its widest part, about 60 in breadth. It ieceives the waters of the iippcr lake from the Niaga;a River, and discharges them into the Si. Lawrence. It 1s the safest of the three lakes to navigate, having several excellent harboun; the principal of which are Toronto, Presqu' Isle (opposite the village of Brighton), Kiugston and Port Hope; besides alniost innumerable bays about the Prince Edward District, tbe Bay of Qiiiutè, and the Islands. By cutting a canal of about a mile in length, between the lake and tlie Bay of Qiiintè, the Pnnce Edward District woiild hecome an islarid in Lake Ontario. There are several considerahle islands srattered over the eantem ertremity of the lake; the principal of wlich are Wolfe Idand, Amherst Island, Garden Island. Gage Island, &c. At tbe western extremity of the lake is a large hay, calied "Burlington Bay,>' on which is situated tlie town of Hamilton. The Niagara River entera the lake about forty-five miles from its western ex- tremity. Lake Ontario is.234 feet above the level of the 8ea: it is never frozen over; and stenmboats frequently nin across hmToronto to Niagara thmughout the winter, when the weather is fine. Tue principal towns situated on the lake are Toronto, Kingston, Hamilton (on Burlington Bay), Port Hope, and Belle- ville (on the Bay of Quintè).

LAMBTON, OR NILTON. A Village on Dundas Street, situated partly in the township of Toronto and partly in the township of York (the River Humber dividing the townships and the village), eight miles fmm Toronto. Population ahont 2.50, who have a Methodist church. Profesaiaza and Tradea.-Two grist mills (ont. with tive run of atones), one 8aW niill, one planing machine, distillery. cardirig machine and cloth facton, two stores, three taverne, four coopen, two hlacksmitbe, tivo waggon makers, one aaddler, three shoemakers, one tailor. Pmt Office, post ever). day. About one mile soiitb of the village, on the Humber, is situated "Milton Mill&" a large establishment, containing a giist mil1 with six nin of Stones: th:re are nlso a saw mi& tavern and blncksmith's shop.

LANARK. A Coontgin the Bathurst District; cooiprises the townshipri of BathnAt. Beckwith, alhousie, Darling, Driimmond, Nortb Elmsley, North Rurgess, '4 Lzvang Lanark, Montague, Ramsay, North Sherhrooke niid Suuth Sherhrooke. For the pnrposr of representstion.in the Houe of .&saembly, it ib nnited to the County of Reafrew; and the two return one niemher to the Honse of Assemhly. >% LANARK. A Villace in the township of Lanark, situsted on the River Clyde, twelve miles fmm Perth; contajns about 250 inhahitants. Churches and chapels, three; viz.. Episcopal. Methodist, and Preshyterian. Post Office, post three times a aeek. Pr

LAKbRK. A Township in the Bathurst District; is bounded on the north-east by the township of Ilamsag; on the north-west by Darlinp; oii the south-wesr by Dalhousie; aiid on the south-east hy IJrummond. In 1,anark 40,901 acres are talren up, 10,430 of'nliich a1.e iindtr cultivation. The township ;s well aatered hy branches OS the Mississippi H.iver, which are scattercd ovr it : it contains sonie excellent. land, and the tiinber is a mixhire O!' pioe and liardwood. Lanark is well settled. princiyally by Scotch emigriiuts. and contiiinr: iii:in? good innris. Seven thoiisand six hiindred acres of Crolrn lands are open for sale in l,nnni.k, at 88. curreney per acre. The village of Lanark is sirunted in the soiith of the township; and there are also tao grist and three sau mills in the tawii>liip. Population in 1812, 2,129. Ratable property in the rownship, S25.521.

1,ANCASTER. A toansliip in the Eastern I)iitrict, the nlost soiitli-easterl? towns!lip in Canada West ; i6,bonuded on the nor!h-east hk-Canada Easr or 1.ower CanaCtn; on the north-west bv ihe township of I.ochid; an the south-velt hiCharlot- tenburgh; and on tlie sonth-east by Li11 Si. Francis, a portion oSthe liiver St. Lawrence. In 1,ancaster 49;273 acres are tîken up, 10.094 of which are under cultivation. This is an old and well-srttied township, ooiitaioing sonie good farms. It is well watered by numerolis streams running across it fram West to east, and al1 of' which tlow inta tlie St. La~vreiice. Timber-a mixture of pine and hardwood. The ~illageof Dalhousie is situtrd in the north-eÿst corner of th? township; and the village of Laneaster m the south-west corner. There are two pist and seren saw mills in the township. ~o~ulatiooin I84?2, 3,171. Ratahle property in tbe township, £38,627.

LANSDOWNE A Township in the Johnston District.; is bounded on the east hy the town- ship of Yonpe; on the oorth by Bastard; on the wed by Leeds; and on the south by the St. Lawrence. The assessments for Lansdowne and the adjoining toanship of Leeds have heen made together; and the townships are dirided into Leeds sud Lansdowne in front, and Leeds and Lansdowne in rear. In Leeds and 1,aosdowne in front 27.496 acres are taken up, .5,821 of whieh are under enltisation. Io Leeds and Lansdowne in rear 18;212 acres are taken up, 4,978 of whiclr are iinder cultivation. The principal part of the great Gananoqne Lake is situated in the east of the township-it empties itself into the Ganauoque River, which enters the St. La~rencein the township of' Leeds. There are two small lakes in the north-west of the township. In Lansdovne 2,100 acres of Croan lands are open for sale, at 8s. currency per acre. There are in the two tawnships three grist and six saw mills These townships are well settled, and oontain good faims. In Lansdowue is a scttlement oaUed " Furnaee Falls," or " Lyndhurst." Population of Lecds and +sdowne in front, 2,260; ditto, in rear. 952. Ratable properiy in Leeds and hsdowne in front, £25.767; dino, in rem, £15,876. LATIMER'S CORNER. A smsll Settlement on the town line betaeen West Gvillimbury and Tecum- seth, nine miles from Bradford, contains a store and tavern, and about eightg) inhabitants. -- LEEDS. A county in the Johnstown District, comprises the townships of Bastard. South Burgess, North Crosby, South Crosby, South Elmsley, Eliznbethtona, Kitley, Lansdowne, Leeds, and Yonge. It returns a member tn the House of Asseinbly. - LEEDS. A Township in the Johnstown District; is boiinded on the east by the town- ship of Lansdowne; on the north by Crosby; ou the west by Pittsburgh; and on the sniith by the St. Lawreuce. Tliere are three lakesin this township, viz, Grippen Lake, in the uorth; South Lake, west of the centre; and Oven Lake, east of the centre; the whole of wliieh are cnuuected together by meansof small streams, and discharge themaelves inta the Ganenoque River, which falls inta the .St. Lawrence, in this tovrnship. The Rideau Caual passes through the north-vest corner of Leeds; 2nd the village of Gananoqnr is iu thetownship,at the mouth of the Gananoque River. In Leeds 3700 acres of Crown lands are open for sale at 8s. crirrency prr acre. For nuuiber of acres ciiltivnted and uncultivated, grist and saw mills, popu- &ion, and wiiount of ratable pmpeny. see LAN~D~NNE.

LESSOX. A Cnunty in the hlidland District; comprises thetownshipsof Adolphustowa, Fredericksbiiigh, aud Richmond. For the purpose of representation in the Legislative Asseinhiy, it 1s united to the county of Addingtoa, and the two reiwn one member to the House of - Assembly. LEVANT. A Township iu the Bathnrst District; is boiinded on the noith-vest by the township of 3Iadawaska; on the muth-west by Palmerston; on the snutheeast hy Sherbrooke and Dalhousie; and on the north-ras1 hy Darling. The River Clyde runs acmss the centire of the township from weat tu east. A number af small lakes are scattered over the township, man of which are connected by means of sinail streams with the River Clyde. $bis township is as yet bot littlr settled, and no separate assesment has beenmade in it, il having been includcd in Dalhousie. In Levant, 32,200 acres of Crown Lands are opeu for sale, at 8s. currencp per acre. Population in 1842, 40. - LINCOLN. A County in the Niagarn District; comprises the townships of Caistor, Clin- ton, Gninsborough, Grantham, Grimsby, Louth, Niazara, and, except for the pnrpose of repyesentation in the House of Assembly, the tonn of Niagara The county of Lincoln returns a member to the Home of Aasembly.

LINDSAY. -4 Village in the township of Ops, prettily situated on the Scugog River, which runs throiigh the village. It was laid out by government about thirteen years siuee, and contains abont 200 inhabitants. Churches and chapels, 2; viz., Cntholic and Presbyterian. Professions and Trndee.-One grist miIl (six riin of stones), one saw mi& earding machine, one distillery, six stores, three taverns, four blacksmiths. 11.- - LITTLE RIVER on PETIT RIVIERE. A small Sheam, on which is a saw mill. in the north-eut corner of the town- ship of Snndaich. It nins inb the Demit River. LLOTDTOWN. A Village in the north-eastof the townshipof King; prettily sitnated in mhm t 6illy country; it was aettled about sixteen yraix since by Mr. Jrsse Lloyd; and ia chiefly noted as being the place froin whence the 0rst pany of rebele started at the commencement of the rebeliion. It ia fonrteen milre froui New- market, nearly due West. It contains 160inhabitants. There are two churches and chapels, viz., Episcopal and Canadian Wesleyan. Pod Office, post twice a-week. Professions and Trade8.-One physician and surgeon, one siirveyor, one grist and MW mill, carding machine, ashery, distillery, rwo tmnrries, three stores. two taverns, two saddlers, two hlacksii,iths, two chaimnkers, one cabinet maker, three wheelwrights, two eatpenters, two railors, four shoemakers, one Cooper.

LOBO. A Township in the London District; is boiinded on the east hy the tonnship of London; on the north-weot by Williams: on the sonth-west hy Adelaide and Carradoc; and on th? sonth by the River Thames. In Loho, 33,293 nc es are tuken up, 4671 of which are under cultivation. The eart hranch of Bear Creek msacross the north dthe township, and a hranch of thc Thames through the south-east. There is a considerable qiiantity of good land in the township. Timber-liardwood, interuiixed rith pine. There are three grist and six saw mills in the township. Population in 1842, 1299. Ratahle property in the township, £18,595.

LOCHIEL. A Township in the Enstern District; is boiinded on the north-east by fhe township of Hawkesbury East; on thc north..aest hy Hawkesbury West; on the south-weat by Kenyon; and on the south-east hy Lancaster, and a portion of Lower Cnnada. In I.ochiel 53,886 acres are taken iip, A366 of wliich are under cultivation. The settlement of Alexandria, or Priest's Milis, is situateù in the sonth-west corner of the township, on the River de L'Isle. It eontains a Catholic chnmh: there are also Presbgttrian and Baptist churches in the town- ship, in a settlement edled Breadalhane. Six hnndred acres of Crown lands are open for salein Lochiel, nt 8s. curreney per acre. There arc two grist and three saw mills in the townshio. Population in 1842, 2,047. A Ratable property in the township, £32,445. - LOGAN. A Township in the Hiirnn District; is hounded on tlie north-enst by Crown lands; on the north-rest hy the township of McKillop; pn tlir sourh-weat by Hihhert and Fullarton; and on the south-east by Ellice. Tlie soi1 of Lagan is moatly good A brnnch of the River Thames runs tbrougli the township. Logan contains 55,551 acres, 2101 of which are leared or sold, of ahich 49 are ruider cultivation. Population, 134. Ratahle property in the township, £715.

LONDON DISTRICT. Conairu of the Couiity of Niildlzrnx, wliicli cornprisrs th< iownsliipo of Aile- kar, Aldl,orougti. Iliiyttuu, Carrarloc. Lklaalre. Dorchcst~r.I)~ltiairl~, Ekirid, I.oCo. I.,ndoo, Mrrc3ifr. >lortr. àialnhiilz. Soutliwolil. IVrsiniiria~r,\Yillianis, Yarmouth. aiid, exrzp fur Ji< purp w of rzprcarnutioii iii the I.egis!atire Awembly, tùr Iowa of London. Thc London IYiatrict, which formerl' included the prasent district of IIuron. is bonnded on the east by the Talbot and Rmck Di-tiicto; on the nor~bby the Hurori Diatrict ; ou the wrbt by the Western District; and Iany of the faims hare large clear- iuga, ai~daw in a gocd stlifP of ciilti~ïtion,~itli flaurishing orcliiiids. Excrllent roads are made tlirongh the district, lesding from the toan of London to Rnnt- fonl and Hamilton, Galt nnd Gyelph, and Goderich, Chatham, Poit Sarnia, and Stanley; the latter of which is planked, and passes thrimgh thc flonrivhing villaw.~ of St. Thomas. I.drgc f fin. phrat :iiirl othcr ~r-iiicrr. Tuun iri Ibis diatrirt und exlturi,tl; und J <.or.iiIiIli ...... Caimdoc. . Dr. C. B. Hall ...... JVeat~~~ins?er. 'ïhrnoph t1.r ah..ciii,s of the Siil>er:utvndt nt. 1 CLS urublv IO obvi~.LI,! çvatv- nwni nrlwctiug the nuuilirr of coiiiinou si,ll

LONDON. The District Town of the London District, Bituated in the townsliip ofLondon, on the River Thames, eighty-five miles Srom Hamilton, twentg-six from Port Stanley, and seventeen froni St. Thomas The town was laid uiit in 1826 by the Cmwn, on land reiemed by Govemor Simcoe; it retumed a member in 1836, and was ineorporated in 1840. It is finely sitnated, being in the midst of a beautifd countrv... and at the point of innction of the two branches of the Ri~ur Thames. London possesses a handsome jail nnd court house, huilt of brick in the form of a castle; the building of the two cos1 ahme £10,000. Large banacks, eapn- ble of aceommodating a regiment, and Artillery bamcks in addition, bath of which are oecupieà A fire Company with one engine, a theatre, and two ma?- ket buildings. Within the last tro yem Londonhas beeu tvice nearlydcstroyed hy fire. The Episcopal Chuich was burnt down in Febriinry, 1844; a large suhscription was raised to rebuild it, and I.ondon caii no%, boast of possessing the handsomest gothic ehurch in Canada West. It was desiped ùy *Ir. Tbomas, Architeet, of Toronto (Iate of Leamington, Englnnd). Its erection cost nearly £5000. A 6re twk place on the 8th Qceber, 1844, when a large portion of the town was bumt; a second fire ocrurred on the 12th April, 1846, whenahout 150 buildings were eonsuined. Building, however, bas heen proceeded with repidly; and in pkce of the old frame buildings, bandsome streets have been erected, composed of brick buildings three and four stories high. Excellent roda stretch away in every direction. A plank rond has been ornied to Port Stanley, and a plank and mÿcadamized rond to Brantford. New mads bave also been completed to Cliatham and Port Sarnia Stages leave London daily for Hamilton. Chatham, and Detroit, and al1 interinediate places; three times a-week for Port Sarnia and Port Stanley; and twice a-week for Godericà A weekly newspaper, the " Times," is publwbed here. Churches and chapels, 10; viz., Episcopal, two Presbyterian, Catholic, Bii- tish Wesleyan, Canadian Weslepan. Episcopal Yethodist,. Congregational, Ba tist (for coloured people), and Universalist $est Ofice, post every day. ~o~~lalionabout 3500. The foüowing Government and District offlcea are kept in London:Jodge cf District Coiirt, Sheriff, Clerk of Pence, Treasurer, Cmwn Lapdî Agent, Judge of Surrogate Couri, District Clerk, Clerk of District Coiirt, Deputy Clerk of Crom. Rofeessiesui and Trades.-Seven physicians and siirgeons, seven lawyera, one grist mill, one saw do.. taenty:six stores, four breweriee, two distilleries, card- iog machine and cloth factary, eighteen twerns, three hardware stores. one cnrriage maker, one fanniog-miIl maker,one smuk inacbine maket, two foundriee, one printer, three machine sbops, five notaries public, four dniggiste, two aile tionem, four tallow chandlem, one hookseller and stationer, three tanoeriee, twlve groccries, ten cabinet makera, five saddlera, fiben tailors, two hatteni, two livery stables, nine butchers, one builder, four tinmiths, two chair makera, five waggon makers, fiîteen blncksmiths, eight bakers, four coopers, one guris- mith two nursery gardens, one dyer, one tahacconist, six paintera and glazie~s, three confectioners, one well-sinker, Iwo stone entiers, three watchmakere, four barbers. seventeen shoemakers, one ladies' scliool. Four bank agencies-" Up pm Canada," " &foutreal," " Cominercial," and " Gore." Principal Taverne.-The '' Hope Hotel," "Western Hotcand "London Coffee House." Lee's and Scott's are also comfortahle houses. A large hotel is now in course of erection. LnA Agent.-John H. Caddy. Sioge Fures from London io the filloming Plncee: --- Days. 1 lime oIU*DS. 1 Far~. 1 a. d. Hamilton ... i~ail~...... I~ro10, km. till 1, PX 22 ri Woodatock ...Do...... Do...... 8 9 Ingersol ...... Do...... IDO...... 6 3 Brantford ...1Do...... Do...... 15 O Port Sarnia..Nondays, Wednesdays & Fridays, l 7, A.M...... 15 O Port Stanley Do: ...... 10, A.M...... 5 O Chatham ..... Daily ...... DO...... 17 6 Detroit ...... 1 DO...... Do...... 30 O I l -- ~p~~ ---- - LONDON. A Township in the London District; is bounded on the east hy the township of Nissuiiri; on the north by Blanshard, Biddulph and YoGillivray; on the West by Lobo and a small portion of Williams; andjon the south by Westminster. In London 87,681 acres nre takm up, 19.210 of which are under cultivation. The River Thaines divides the township from Westminster; and the township is al80 watered by the north branch of the Thames (which joins the east branch in the soutli of the township. at the tom of London), and by the River Med- vay and Springer's Creek, both branchq of the Tbames-the Medwaygnteni tha Thames uear the tawn of London. This is a weU settled township, con: taining many good fanne. with fiourishing orchards. There are numerous wet places in the township, but a large proportion of the land is rolling; and there arc many beautiful situations on the Thames. Timher-pine, intermired rith

hardwood There are three pria and six saw mas- in~ the~ tnxbahin.~. .- -. r~ Population in 1842, 3,955; who are principally.en~igranfrom Great Britain, rith a few Canadians and Ameripans. Batable property in the township, £56,007. 1,ONG POINT, on NORTH FORELAND. A long strip of land in Lake Erie. It is nearly twenty miles long, and from one to two broad: it was fomerly a peninsula, mnning out fnm the land in an eastedy direction, nearly half way across the lake; but the sea having made a wide brrach across its western extreniity, has converted it into nn iieianà There is a light-house upon the eautem extremity of the idand; and the nnch~ragenbout it ia aaid to be gwd.

LONGUEIL. A Township in the Ottawa District; is houndcd on the esst by the township of Hawkesbiiiy West; an the north by the Onawa River; on the West by Alfred; and on the south hy Caledonia In hngueil 16.945 acres are taken up, 4,646 of which are under cultivation. The land in this township is gen& ralls rather eold and ret: and miicli of it is unfit for orofitsble. ciiltivatioli. Thc rillip ni I.'Orignnl, tlie diitr:i.t toan of thr Otran~?!)iatrii.i. is ritiinird iti th, nordi-eant of tlir iownship, on the Vttava; and thcrr 1s also t~ &riri riilIlaiid a saw niill in the fowiiship. Population in 1842, 1,122. Rntable propertr in the township, f 17,922.

LOUGHROROUGH. A Township in the Midland District; is haunded on the east by the township of Pittrbiirgh; on the north by Redford; on the West by Portland; and on the south by Kmgïton. In 1,oughborough 20,745 acres are tnken up, 6,972 of which are undrr c~iltivatinn. A oreat niimher of lakes are scattered over the township. Loughborough contains some gond, hiit a large portion of poor,lanà Ther? is a Methodist cliurch in the south-west of the township, and a Catholic church in the soiith-west corner. Thirteen thoiismd five htlndred acres of Crown lat~dsare open for sale iii Loughborough,, nt 8s. currency per acre. Thcre are one grist and six saw mills in tlie township. Popiilation in 1842, 1,403. Rauihle property ui tlie township, 519.252. -- L'ORIGX.*L. The district town of the Ottawa District, in thc township of hngneil, situated on the Ottawa River. This ie P poor little piace, and is mercly suppurkd by the district oûices being kcpt hcre, and the travel through it; the bnd in the neighbot~rhoodbeing iuustly poor and ret. The situation inust be pleasaot in euninier. A stage nins daily fo Point Fortiule. to meet thi: stearnboar fiom Mon- treal; andis uict sg:iiuat L'Orignal hy the boat to Rytown. Pop~ilationabmit 200. Chtirches and chapeis, ihree; viz., Episcopal, Catholic, und Presbyterian. The following government and distncr offices are kepl in L'Orignn1:-Judge of District Cou& Clcrk of Pence, Shen5. Inspeetor of I.icen6cs, Tyra.8wer. Regiatrar of Çoiinty of Pr<,scott. Registrai of Countp of Russell, District Cleik, Deputy Clark of Crown, District Superintendent of Schools. Prrfe,ssiorrs nnd fiadta.-One pliysician aiid anrgeori, one lawyer, one grist mill, one saw mill, four stores, tno tavems, one cabinet maker, one blacksmith. Laud Agent, G. D. Reed. LOIJISVILLE. A Village in the township of Chatham, in the County of &nt; is aituad on the reat western road-six miles from Chatham, and sixtg froin Londoii; at tlie hedof the steam navigation of the River Thames. Number of inhabitants 70. Post Office, post every dav. List of Pmfmsior~s and I'iedea.-one physician and stirgon, one store, one grocery, one driiggist, one wagxon maker, one iannery, tro hlacksniiths, me tavern, oiie carpenter, one sehool. Here is a ferry aoross the Tùames LOUTK A Towtÿihip in the Niagara District, is boanded on the east by the townshii al Orantham; on the nonh by Lake Ontario; on the west by Clinton; and on Uke muth hy Pelham. In Louth 16,591 aores are iaken up, 7,318 of which are under eoltivatioa This is an old-settled township, wntaining weU-cleared farm md good orcharda. The Welland Canal enters Lake Ontario close to the town line between Loutb and Grantham, at the north-east corner of the township, where is situated the village of Port Dalhousie; and a gdmiU Stream. called "Twenty-mile Creek," enters the lake near the north-west corner of the town- There are one grist and six saw mills in the township. ah%opulation , in 1841, 1,392; who are principally Canadians, Americans. and Pennsylvanian Dutch and their descendanta Baiable property in the township, £22.464.

LUTHER A Township in the Wellington District; M bonnded on the east by the town- ship of Amaranth; on the nonh by Roton; on the west by Arthur; and on the south by Gmhxa Luther has only lately been opened for sale; and no return haa yet been made hmit. Seventy-three thousand six hnndred acres of Cmwn lands are open for sale in the township, at 8s. currency per acre - MACNAB. A Township in the Bathurst District; i8 bounded on the north and north-east by the Ottawa River; on the north-west by the township of Horton; on the south-west by Madavaska; and on the south-east by Pakenham. In Maonab à9,814 acres are taken up, 3,195 of which are under cultivation. The Mada- waska River rUn6 across the muth of the township, from West to east; at the east corner of the towiiship it entelx the township of Pakenham, makes a short bend, re-enters Vacnab, and runs north to Lake Chat, making many curves in its course. There are one grist and oiie saw-miIl in the township. Population iri 1842, '782, who ure principally engngsd in the lumher trade. Ratahle property in the township, £10,534. - MADAWASKA RIVER A Tiibutaq of the Ottawa, takes its rise in the nnsettled country to the north of the Victoria District; it follows nearly a West conne, and after passing through the townships of Admaston, Uagot, Blythefieldand McRab, it enters Lake Chat, an expansion of rhc Ottawa. In its course it flows through, and reeeives accessions fiorn, several lakes, some of them of considerahle size. Large quantities of lumber are ciit on its banks, and slides and dams have been con- structed in the river, in ovder to facilitate the passage of lumher down it. It was estimated that of Red Pine ...... 1,099,000 feet, and of White Pilie ...... 354.000 feef woidd pass down the Madawaska during the spring of 1845. This of course would be incliided in the retnm from Bytown. - MADOC. A Townshipin the Victoria District; is bcunded on the east by the township of Eizevir; on the nonh hy Tudor; on the west by Marmora; aiid on the soiith hy Huntingdou. In Madoc 18,375 acres are taken iip, 3,800 of which are nnder cultivation. This township is said ta possess iron ore of nr; good quality as the ndjoiniug township of Marmora, but it has not yet heen worked; it passésres more land fit for cultivation, and is better settled. There is a smaU settlement in the 8011th of the township, contairiinga grist and saw-mill, and Poundry, and a fev hoiisur There M also another saw-mil1 in toe township One thouaand three hmdted and seventeen acres of Cmwn lands are open for @le in ?&dm, ai &. O' per wre. ~opdtionin 1842.926, who are principally Scatch and Irish. Rktable property in the township,- £10,363. MAIDSTONE. A Township in the connty of Essex ; is houndedon the north bj- Lake St Clair; on the east by the township of Sandwich: on the Test by Belle River; andon the south by the townships of Colchester and Godeld. In Maidstone le,] 84 acres are laken op, of whioh 1524 are under cultivation. The sail in this township is good, mdthe whole of the land fit for cultivation Timber,-maple, elm, beech, oak. &c. &o. The River duz Puces enters Lake St. Clair about the centre of this township, after running through its entire length, and the River Am Peeches entera the lake about three miles belov. Two thousand six hiindred acres of Crom land8 are open for sale in Maidstone. at 85. c'y per acre. The Canada Company possess 2,500 acres in Maidstone. Population, 783. Ratable property in thetownship,- 27,255. MAITLAND RIVER. Takes its rise in the Indian territory north of the Huron Tract; passes throyoh Wawanosb. into Colborne, where it is joined by the erwt branch (which takes its rise in the great Swamp). and enters Lake Buron nt the tom of Goderich. There is some beautifid scrnery on its banks, and its bed for great pnrt of itn course is compoeed of limestone mk. Abont eight miles from its mouth are some pretty falls. There are many good mill sites on the Naitland, and its water.power is by some considered equal to that at Rochester.

YAITLARD. A Village in the township of Augusta; situated on the St. Lnwrence, five miles east of Brockville; the eastrrn road passing througb it. It vas built on the site of an old Prerich fortification. The Kingston and Mautreal steamboata touch here. &laitland contains about 100 inhabitans, vho have an Episcopal church. hst Office, post everg &y. P~ofessiunrand Trotieu.-One steam grist-mil2 two stores, hotaverns, one blacksmith, one hatter, one shwmaker.

MAL AHIDE. A Township in the London District; is bonnded on the east by the township of Bayham; on the north by Dorehater; on the West by Yarmouth; and on the soutb br Lake Erie. In Malahide 46.717 acres are tnken UD. 11.806 of which are &der cultivation. Catfish Crick, an excellent rnill-Êtream, runs dong the western border of the township ta Lnke Erie; and the township is also ivellaatered by numerous small streams. The timber of tbe soiith of the tounsbip is piincipally ine and tbat of the north is pine, intermised with hard wood. lalnhide is wee set&ed, and fornis part of the Talbot settlement. The land is generdly rolling, nnd there are mnuy beautiiùl situations on Cathb Creek. Large quantities of lumber are annually exported from the tomship There are three grist and seventeen sÿw-milk in Malahide. Popuintion in 1842, 2372. Ratahle pmperty in the township, 239,303.

M ALDEN, A Township in the Westein District; is botinded on the east by the township d Colchester; on the north by Anderdon; on the west by the Detroit Rirer: and on the sonth by Lake Erie. In Malden 17,432 acres are @ken up, 3,776 of which are under cuitivation. This is a vety old-settled township, sorne of the fsrw having been under cnltivation since the time when Canaàa was in t e possession of the French ; and nearly evcrp lot is taken np. The land gener$y is of the richest qnality, and capable of prodiwing large crops of Indisn corn, tobacco, &c. Tobacco ha8 been grown in thb township, which has sold for la. 1%d. c'y per ponnd, on the prernises. The timber consiets of the best kind of hard wod: ma*, oak, beeoh, hickory, elm, bfack walnut, bntternnt,&c. The town of Amhersthnrg is situated near the soiith-west corner of the town- ship, on the . About a mile below the town, close to the river, and a Little above the entrance of Lake Erie, is a chalybeate spring, the water of which is said to resemble that of Cheltenham, in England. Thtre are two grist-mills in the township, one of whirh is a windmill, and the other is worked bv horse-oower. ' ~o~uluiionin ld45. I!iSI; ahont hzlf'uf' wliom urrs I.'rcnch ('3naùiuni, ond the reiriainrlera iriixtnre of Englirh. Iridli, Scoich, I.:rigLisli ('ariniliaun iind Anierieun.i. Rai~hleproprg in the towrisliip, f2G.:+:,G.

MALDEX, FORT. (See A~EEB~TBURG.)

MANITOUJ,IN.ISLAND, GREAT, OR THIRD. The princi al island in Lake Huron ; it is about one bundred miles in length, and in breadt! varies from four to twenty .five miles; it is indented by an almost innumerable nunibei of hays, and the scenery is in many parts maqnificent Manitoulin Gulf, (whicli is in reality a long nnrrow lake. connwted with Lake Huron), and Heywood's bay, which run into the island at itb widest part, one fmm the south. the other from the north; approach each other to within three miles, thns alniost dividing the island into two. In Sumner, the snn is very hot on these islands, and vegetation exceedingly rapid. The Grent Manitoulin is settled exolnsively by Indisns; the only whites on the island being those attached to the government station at 3fanitowawning, (Hudson's Sound) and two or three at the Roinan Catholic village at Wequemakong, (Sniith'a Bay). The island is frequently risited by Indian traders. Manitowawning is about 190 miles froin Peuetanguishine. and 176 from Goderich. Preriously ta the yesr 1829, the distribution of presents to a large portion of the Indiam, included under the term "western tribps," consisting of the risiting Indians, north of Penetanguishine; ofthose nt Sault St. Marie, and on the shores of J.ake Superior; of those from the south-west, and Lake Michigan, Green Ray, the Fox River, Wisconsin, even from the distant 3fississippi: was made at Drnmmond's island. the old military poet on Lake 1-Juron. , In that year the island having heen fiually ceded to the Americans, and the government being desimiis of ascertaining the disposition of the Indians to em- hracecivilization, the distrihutirin aras made at the island of St. Joseph's, about nine miles north-west f~nmDrummond's island. The proposition of stling at Xanitou appears to hnve been founded on a re ort finm Major Wiriuett, in thc early part of the same yenr. in i~hich.in rcS erence to the civilization of the Indians he stated that the Grent blanitonlin islnnd offered greater Gvantages for the formation of a scttlement for the Indjans than St Joaepli's could present, with respect to mil, &mate, and lake fishing ; the last a great ohject in the estimation of old Indians. It is distant one hnndred miles and apvards fmm any Arnerican military post, and between siaty and seventy from any part of the American territory. In 1830. and thefollowing five yeam, the distribution of presents was made at Penetanguishine, and thus, the western tiihes were brought within the influence of the efforts of the government to civilize them. Their visits to the prospemus settlementa at Coldwater and the Narrows were frequent; they witnessed the advantages enjoyed by their hrethren who wew settled them and applications were consequently numeroug for a participation in the aame benefits. In 1835, after Mr. Superintendeut Anderson had visited the inland, a scbeme was maiiired and authorised hg Sir John Colborne, for forming an- extensive establishment upon it, and for making it the future place of distribu- tion, inssad of Penetanpishiue, and Amherstburg, where the rernainder of the western trihes had previouçly heen supplied In the spring of that year, Jfr. Anderson foiind, on hi8 visit, five or six families of the Ottawa tribe, R.oman Catliolics. from Lake settled ip Wequamekong Bay (Smith's soaud). where the). haù cultivated tso or three mres of land, and were lii.ingin ieniporary bark huts; thrse, and a few wander- ing Chippewas. were al1 the Indians he met vith on the island, amountilig bo perhaps seventp or eighty persons. in 1836 the present settleioent at Xanitowawning. CHudson's Sound). about ei~htmiles distant fiam ïï'equanrekong. waî commenceù, some Imd vas cleared and houses built. It dors not appear how many Indians were settled on the island thiih peur. The first issiie of presents at this post was made in the autumn, and was attended by 9697 indiridualç. On this occasion the Lieut. Governor, Sir F. B. Head, was present, and formed the view of collecting nt hla~iitaulin,not the wild Indians from the iiorth of Lake Huron, as hlid been at iirsi. proposrd, but al1 those aho had settled, or wcre vandering among the white population, in varioiis parts of Upper Caneda With this intention ha induced the chiefs of the Ottawa and Chipliewa nations then present, to resign their exclusive rights ta the occiipmcp of the Great &Ianitoulin?and al1 the other idands, estimatedat aliove 23.000, on the north shore of Lake Iliiron. He also obtained from the Sniigeen Indians the surrender of the greater pm- portion of their territary, and propoçed thcir reniawl to Manitoiilin. To other indians whom he visitrd in the western parts of Caoxda, he likenise made the Ume proposais; offering them the assistane. and enci>ui.agementof the guvern- ment at ihis island. These offers, honerer, do not appear to have been gene- rallp acceptable to the settled fildians, as few or none availed th~mselvesof them. Theseitlers at the island Iiave, for the most part. come froni the United States, or from the shores of Lake Huron aiid Lake Superior. In 1837, further progrras was maùe in clearingland and building houses; thc number of settlers on the island was reckoned at 268. In the aiitumn of 1835, the officers appointed to form the future eritahlishment of this srttlemeut. including the siiperintendent, 41r. Andorson. a clergyman of the chiircb of &;"gland, and a aiirgeon, with sereral artisans and labourers. arrived at Manito~vawning,and taak up their residence thcre, being the first whitemen who had wintered in the ieland. This year the numbcr of Indian settlers wa. 307. In the following year the clrarings vere extpnded; a saw miIl was built; and the number of setrlers increazcd to 655. A school was coiiiuisnced at lianitawawning, biit it was il1 attended; the Roman <:atholics at the other Kttlement wouid not sllow their ehildren to freqircnt it In 1840, 732 Indiaos reported thcniselres as settlers, of whom only 437 were dristians. In 18-11, inany Pottawatsmies from the River St. Clair, who had promiaed ta settle, and some Ottawïs and Chippcirasfrom Lake hlichigm, returned to their h:>mrs; but the actual niimher rhns reducrd nas not recorded Some Indian housrs, a cnrpenrer's sliop, and o smi!h's, werc erected. The school wu hetier atteiided. and eight Indiiin boys ,ver, in the course of instrrictiiuidance of lnnd favourîblc for ciiltivation. The cedar swamps on the biyh land, of ahich perhaps me-third of the island coiirirts. thoiiph at prerpot wet in the faIl and spring appear to be land of rhe fiiiest. qunlitp. heiiig ot'a deep black loam, and'i'ree from siaiie. When tbese are opbi~dand rxposcd to thc sun, tiiey ail1 become dry, and fit for any kind of cultivation. The tiniber of the uplaiids is of the usunl kinds of hard wood met with in other pans of the province, vir., maple, basswood. elm, red and white onk, pine, &c. &c. noth the soi1 and dimate are fovournbh to cultivation, nhundant crops of XII kinh of grain rai~ed hy the Indians in othcr parts of the province, have been annually produeed Cattie thrive weU; during the ninter they are aiiowed to roam about and and their own faodin the bnsh. In 1842, a few sheep wers ddded to the stock There is not mnch game oh tho island, but fish is in abundance on its shores. The Indiam collected here, helong chiefip tn the Ottawoand Chippeea trïbes; the former, who immigrated Rom the United States, have aU their lives been Idian farmers; aome of them brought homes andatock to the &land On their mrival they mught no ofher means of subsiatence than the produce of the soii, and the fish they caugld in the immediate neighbourhwd of their own mage; and in the autumn, each family cured a sufficiency to supply them through the winler; consequently it was oot necessary for them to leave their homes in seoreh of food, nor to trust, like the Chippenas, ia the precarious resoiirce of qaring fish througli the ice. The Chippewas, on the ather hand, who hadnever,until collected at bfaniton- lin, cultivated the soil: vere slow in adopting a new mode of life. For some time the7 were reluctant t<~settle in a fired place of residence; they frequently shifted their camps, and altliaugh niany of them hved nithin a day's joumey from the new settlement, and adniitted the henefiis arising from a change of life, still it required much persuasion and perseverance to induce them to niake a com- mencement. The Oitawns, niareover, had loiig been converted from heathenism, and wem memhers of the Roman Catholic chureh. In 1838, they were joinedhy a pries6 ofthat persuasion, who has since resided with them at Wequemakong. The Chippewas. on the contmry, were al1 heathens, and the work of conversion only cnmmenced among theni in the same year,,when a missionary of the Chnrch of Englaud, attaehed to the establishment, arrivedat the islaud. These differences will account for the greater increase of the settlement at Wequemakong, and it6 more rapid progress in the ciiltivation of ttie land, and the acquisition of stock, which are exhibited in the following table:- Extent of Landcleared; and of StoCh owned af the huo Settlerunfs in Feb. 1843: WXQUEMAKONG.MA~.ITOWAWNW Acres of Land cleared ...... 200 ...... 140 Horaes ...... 19 ...... a Horned Cattle ...... 58 ...... 24 Pigs ...... 161 ...... 17 Sheep...... 8 ...... II Barn-door Fonls ...... 157 ...... 62 Geese...... - ...... 8 Some families have perhaps ten acrefi or more cleared. whilst others have orily a patcli under eiiltivation. Their principal support at hoth villaxes is now derived îrom farmiiig and fisliing; tliey sometiiiies kill harrs, partridgrs, aud even deer and bears. Theg also manut'mturc considerable quantilies of maple supr of vc~excellent qiiality; for wbich tbe? find aready niarket at Penetan- gmshene, Goderich, and sometimes in the towns on the Ameriean frontier. The land in thevillape is laid out in half acre lots, and a few fa~msof fiftp acres vere in the commencement surveged and stoked ont; but tbe Iahour and expense mere fouud too great, and each Indian non selects such place as he pleasfs, and tlih<;spossession of it, in inost cases, without ci~nsultingthe super- inteiident or cbiefs. As long as he continues to cultivate his piece of land, he snjoys quiet possession uî it; but if hti happens tn leave it for a ses.'On, 60W aher Indian will i.iost likely enteriiponit; andin snch cases, there isfrequently a difficnltg in ar:.diiqing the maner amicably. With regard to their mode of agricultiire. the' are imliroving but slowly. The), are now begiiining ta plough thcir old fields. to make more suhstantial fences, 30 cnltivate garden vegetables, &c. Each individual cultivates his farm separafrly. Foriiierl~the Ottowas were pretty well snpplied with hoes, and an inferior kiud oi'sniall are. The Chippewas had a sdler quantitp of the same impie- ments. Bath trilies, in planting, snpplied the de6ciency with a emoked stick wavnikitcly nhnpd for the pope. Ac premt the goverornent bu mppi tliem with a su5icienw of thase articles and with afew spades, shovek~- plouuhb - harmvs, pick-anes, 8;o. The men, ofd ages, do most of the ehopping, but &r that, mm,.womw. and children take share in the labour, from .the hurning of the timber to tIn res ing of the cmp. 'Phe fondness of the converted Indians for hvting and fishing ie deoideiiy diminished. They seldom leave the island for either purpose. They occaeion- ally go out spearing fish nt night, or set their nets in the evening, and take them up earlg in th~emorning; they also spend from six Io fifteendays in the autlunn to lay in a stock of fish for the +inter. A large proportion of the Chippewai are still hestheus; there were received iota the Chwch of England in 1836-7 ...... 5, aU adulta 1839 ...... 38 " 1840 ...... 84 " 1841 ...... 45 * - Making a total of 172, together nith 30 oon- verts itom the Roman Catholic Church. Sinoe Ai~ust,1841, the syperinteudent reports, that he is no1 aware that even mie addt heathen ha@been hrought into the church since thst time. The prin- cipal obstncles to tlie conversion of the heathens are statcd u, be their supersti- tion-their fear that the " great spirit" they worship shoiild visit them with hi8 venFeance- were they ta hecome Christians-thoir fear of not being auowed in drinlc whis