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Variation Among Processors Under Turbo-‐Boost Variation Among Processors Under Turbo-Boost Bilge Acun, Ph.D. Candidate Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign This talk is based on the publicaon: Bilge Acun, Phil Miller, Laxmikant Kale. ICS 2016. 1 “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems”. Motivation: Performance Variation 16% Performance Only 1% VariaEon on Variaon on Edison, Blue Waters! Cab, Stampede! ��������������������������� ���� ���� �������� ���� ��� ���� ������ ���� ���� ���� ���� Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo ���� Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] �������������������� �� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� 2 ������� • 16K cores running local DGEMM kernel of Intel-MKL What is Dynamic Overclocking? • Processor changes the frequency opportunis3cally since it cannot run at the highest limit all the 3me. • E.g. Intel Turbo Boost Technology • Factors effec3ng the dynamic frequency: • Type of the workload • Number of ac3ve cores • Current consump3on �������������������������� • Power consump3on ��� • Temperature Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] ��� ��������������� �������� ���� ���� 3 �� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���������� Motivation: Frequency Variation ������������������������������ ���� ������ ��������������� ���� ��� ��������������� ���� �������� ��������������� ���� ���� ���� �������������� ���� ���� Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� �� ���� ���� Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] ��������������� 4 Edison: Intel Ivy Bridge Stampede, Cab: Intel Sandy Bridge Motivation: Frequency Variation • Distribu3on of steady-state frequencies on Edison Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] 5 Why there is variation? ���������������������������� ���� ��� ��� ��� ���� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ���� ��� ���� ��� �� �� ���� �� �� ��� ���� Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon ��������������� ��������������� ��� Among Processors under Turbo �� ���� Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] � �� �� �� �� 6 �������� Is it caused by temperature? ������������������������������������� ����������������������������������� ���� ������� ��� ����������� ����������� ��� ����������� ����������� ��� ��� Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo �� Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] ������������������������������ �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �������������� 7 �������������� Is it caused by temperature? ������������������������������������� ����������������������������������� ���� ������� ��� ����������� ����������� ��� ����������� ����������� ��� ��� Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo �� Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] ������������������������������ �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �������������� �������������� 8 Is it caused by power? Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo { Fast processors’ power are Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] similar to uniform Slow and variable processors distribu3on have higher power 9 What can we do about it? 1. Disable Turbo-Boost 2. Replacing the slow chips 3. Selec3vely idling the cores 4. Dynamic load balancing Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] 10 Solution 1: Disable Turbo-Boost? Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] u Naïve-DGEMM slows down more compared to MKL because it was running at higher frequency with Turbo Boost. 11 u Jacobi2D suffers less from disabling Turbo-Boost because it’s memory intensive. Solution 2: Replace the chips? ������������������������������������ ��� ��� �� �� ��������� ����������� �� ����������� �������� �� ������ Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo �� Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] �� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� �������������������������� 12 Solution 3: Idling the cores? �������������������������������� ������ ������ ��������� ������ ����������� ������ �������� ������ ������ ������ ������ Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon ������ Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] ��������������������� ������ �� ��� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� 13 ������������������������������������ Solution 4: Speed-Aware Load Balancing! • Run3me tracks processor speeds dynamically +LBTestPESpeed • Balance the workload with taking into account the speed �������������������������� ��� ������� ��� ������������������� ��� Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon �� Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] ������������������� �� 14 ������ �������� Summary & Conclusion So#ware can do a lot more if the desired support and access is given. Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] 15 Future Work • Variaon analysis on newer generaon processors • Variaon in memory operaons Acun, Miller, Kale. “Variaon Among Processors under Turbo Boost in HPC Systems” [ICS 2016] 16 .
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