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Table of Contents VU Research Portal Leadership roles in the Transnationalisation of Nigerian Pentecostal Churches Ajani, E.O. 2013 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) Ajani, E. O. (2013). Leadership roles in the Transnationalisation of Nigerian Pentecostal Churches: The Mountain of Fire and Miracles Church in the Netherlands and Ghana. VU Uitgeverij. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT LEADERSHIP ROLES IN THE TRANSNATIONALISATION OF NIGERIAN PENTECOSTAL CHURCHES The Mountain of Fire and Miracles Church in the Netherlands and Ghana ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad Doctor aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, op gezag van de rector magnificus prof.dr. L.M. Bouter, in het openbaar te verdedigen ten overstaan van de promotiecommissie van de Faculteit der Godgeleerdheid op maandag 14 januari 2013 om 9.45 uur in de aula van de universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105 door Ezekiel Oladapo Ajani geboren te Katsina, Nigeria promotoren: prof.dr. C. van der Laan prof.dr. H.M. Vroom Table of Contents Chapter I: Introduction 1 1.0 Relevance of the study 1 1.1 The Choice of the Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries 2 1.2 Pentecostalism and Transnationalisation 4 1.3 Leadership 8 1.4 Research Question 10 1.4.1 Research Sub-questions 10 1.5 Methods Used for the Research 11 1.5.1 Qualitative method 11 1.6 Structure of the Research 14 Chapter II: Transnationalisation and Leadership 2.0 Introduction 17 2.1 Pentecostal Transnationalisation 17 2.1.1 Christianity in the Global South 17 2.1.2 Transnationalisation: Towards a Conceptual Understanding 18 2.1.3 Nigerian Pentecostal Transnational Religious Networks in West Africa 18 2.1.4 Issues of Importance from the discussions on Transnationalisation to the research on the MFM in the Netherlands and Ghana 23 2.2 Leadership 25 2.2.1 The Concepts of “Leader” and “Leadership” 27 2.2.2 Characteristics of Leadership 29 2.2.3 Issues of Importance from the discussions on Characteristics of Leadership to the research on the MFM in the Netherlands and Ghana 45 2.2.4 Christian Leadership 2.2.5 Issues of Importance from the discussions on Christian Leadership to the research on the MFM in the Netherlands and Ghana 51 2.3 African Traditional Leadership 52 2.3.1 Issues of Interest on African Leadership to the Research in the Netherlands and Ghana 55 2.4 Relationships within Leadership Characteristics, Christian Leadership and African Leadership 56 2.5 Conclusion 59 Chapter III: History, Practices and Ministries of the MFM Church 3.0 Introduction 62 3.1 Christianity in Nigeria 62 3.1.1 Beginning and Growth of Christian Missions 62 3.1.2 African Initiated Churches (A.I.C) 69 3.1.3 The Aladura Churches 70 3.1.4 Pentecostalism in Nigeria 71 3.1.5 Statistics of Religious Affiliations 75 3.2 A Brief History of the Christ Apostolic Church (C.A.C) 76 3.3 The Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries: Beginning and Expansion 80 3.3.1 Beliefs and Practices 85 3.3.2. Vision and Mission Statement 86 3.3.3. Major Practices of the MFM 87 3.3.4. MFM Programmes 90 3.3.5. MFM Media 91 3.3.6. Organisation and Structure 91 3.3.7. MFM Ministries 92 3.3.8. MFM’s World Locations 93 3.4 Conclusion 95 Chapter IV: History, Practices and Ministries of the MFM Church 4.0 Introduction 95 4.1 Leadership Roles in Styles 95 4.2 Leadership Roles in Motivation 96 4.3 Leadership Roles in Worship 98 4.3.1 The MFM Prayer city 98 4.3.2 Contextualisation 100 4.4 Leadership Roles in the Operation of Spiritual Gifts 111 4.5 Leadership Roles in Relation to Gender Issues 114 4.6 Leadership Roles in Exercising Power and Authority 114 4.7 Leadership Roles in Conflict Resolution 116 4.8 Leadership Roles in Raising and Administering Funds (Local Resources) 116 4.9 Conclusion 118 Chapter V: Transnationalisation and Leadership Roles in the MFM of the Netherlands 5.0 Introduction 119 5.1 Brief Information about the Respondents 119 5.2 A History of the Beginning and Growth of the MFM in the Netherlands 121 5.3 MFM Locations in the Netherlands 125 5.4. Transnationalisation 125 5.4.1 Causes and Goal(s) of Transnationalisation 126 5.4.2 Targeted Groups and Patterns of Organisation in Transnationalisation 127 5.4.3 Worldview in Transnationalisation 128 5.4.4 Spiritual Matters in Transnationalisation 130 5.4.5 Teachings and Practices in Transnationalisation 131 5.4.6 Relationships in Transnationalisation 131 5.4.7 The Media and Transnationalisation 132 5.5 Leadership Roles 133 5.5.1 Leadership Styles 133 5.5.2 Leadership Roles in Motivation 135 5.5.3 Leadership Roles in Worship 143 5.5.4 Leadership Roles in the use of Spiritual Gifts 147 5.5.5 Leadership and Gender 149 5.5.6 Leadership Roles in the Exercise of Power and Authority 150 5.5.7 Leadership Roles in Conflict Resolution 152 5.5.8 Leadership Roles in Raising and Disbursing Funds 152 5.6 Conclusion 154 Chapter VI: Transnationalisation and Leadership Roles in the MFM of Ghana 6.0 Introduction 157 6.1. Brief Information about the Respondents 157 6.2 Pentecostalism in Ghana 158 6.3 A History of the Beginning and Growth of the MFM Ghana 165 6.4 MFM Locations in Ghana 170 6.5. Enoch Aminu and His Pure Fire Ministries Ghana 171 6.5.1 Enoch Aminu and His Cessation from the MFM of Ghana 171 6.5.2 Enoch Aminu Ministries 172 6.6. Transnationalisation 174 6.6.1 Causes and Goal(s) of Transnationalisation 174 6.6.2 Targeted Groups and Patterns of Organisation 175 6.6.3 Worldview in Transnationalisation 176 6.6.4 Spiritual Matters in Transnationalisation 177 6.6.5 Teachings and Practices in Transnationalisation 177 6.6.6 Relationships in Transnationalisation 178 6.6.7 The Media in Transnationalisation 178 6.7 Leadership Roles 179 6.7.1 Leadership Styles 179 6.7.2 Leadership Roles in Motivation 180 6.7.3 Leadership Roles in Worship 182 6.7.4 Leadership Roles in the use of Spiritual Gifts 186 6.7.5 Leadership and Gender 188 6.7.6 Leadership Roles in the Exercise of Power and Authority 189 6.7.7 Leadership Roles in Conflict Resolution 190 6.7.8 Leadership Roles in Raising and Disbursing Funds 191 6.8 Conclusion 192 CHAPTER VII: COMPARISONS AND CONCLUSIONS 7.0 Introduction 195 7.1 Comparisons and Observations on Transnationalisation 195 7.1.1 Causes and Goals of Transnationalisation 196 7.1.2 Target Groups and Patterns of Organisation 196 7.1.3 Worldviews in Transnationalisation 197 7.1.4 Spiritual Matters in Transnationalisation 198 7.1.5 Teachings and Practices in Transnationalisation 199 7.1.6 Relationship and Transnationalisation 201 7.1.7 Media and Transnationalisation 202 7.2 Comparisons and Observations on Leadership Roles 203 7.2.1 Leadership Styles 203 7.2.2 Leadership and Motivation 205 7.2.3 Leadership and Worship 206 7.2.4 Leadership and Spiritual Gifts 208 7.2.5 Leadership and Gender 209 7.2.6 Leadership Roles in the Exercise of Power and Authority 210 7.2.7 Leadership Roles in Conflict Resolution 212 7.2.8 Leadership Roles in Raising and Disbursing Funds 213 7.3 Summary and Conclusions 213 7.4 Concluding Remarks ` 217 Bibliography 219 Summary 233 Samenvatting 236 Appendix I 239 Appendix II 241 Curriculum Vitae 243 Acknowledgments My deep and unreserved appreciation goes to my supervisors; Professor dr. Cornelis van der Laan and Professor dr. Hendrik M. Vroom. I am indeed humbled by their humility. They are both more than supervisors to me. As my academic mentors, they placed my feet on the path of academic discipline. In their criticisms they were thorough and objective. They painstakingly read through and critiqued this work. They gave timely corrections, warnings, guidance and suggestions which greatly enriched this research work. Beyond these, as fathers, they encouraged me in my moments of pains and family challenges. Should I possess a thousand tongues, they would be grossly insufficient to express my sincere and heartfelt gratitude to these distinguished supervisors. They gave me a new understanding of academic mentoring. A mentoring which transcends paper works. A mentoring which exemplified the love of Christ; a mentoring with an impeccable academic excellence; a mentoring that is self-less. To them both, I remain eternally grateful. I am also very grateful to all other members of the Faculty of Theology and Philosophy who had taught me one course or the other. Professor dr.
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