DOCSLIB.ORG

Multimodal Creativity in the Murals of Northern Ireland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS Programa de Doctorado en Filosofía y Ciencias del Lenguaje Mención Internacional PhD. DISSERTATION Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland Roberto Asenjo Alcalde Dirigido por / Supervised by: Dr. Manuela Romano Mozo y/and Dr. Augusto Soares da Silva March 2020 Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland Roberto Asenjo Page 1 Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland ―It´s not the bricks that are built on top of each other that divide our houses and divide our neighborhoods, it´s the bricks inside people´s heads. And in most cases those bricks are already crumbling down. As they fall, the walls that are built around us they´ll disappear themselves.‖ Danny Devenny. Northern Irish muralist. ―We don‘t see things as they are, we see them as we are.‖ Immanuel Kant. Philosopher. To my family. Thank you for your unconditional support. Roberto Asenjo Page 2 Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland Abstract/Resumen In Northern Ireland, there was an intense political confrontation and an armed conflict between Catholic and Protestant communities from 1969 to 1998, a period called `The Troubles´. This difficult timeframe has been metaphorically portrayed through differents modes of representation in the murals of Belfast and Derry/Londonderry. Since conceptual metaphors depend on embodiment or the physical experience of the environment, it is important to study to what extent contextual elements such as date, location and participants influence the creation and interpretation of blends or innovative metaphors that are inspired by conceptual metaphors based on three types of metaphorical schemas: propositional, image and event (Soares da Silva 2016). In this dissertation, an analysis of 100 murals is carried out by combining the most recent theoretical and methodological tools coming from socio-cognitive models of discourse analysis, namely, Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff and Johnson 1980; Cuenca and Hilferty 1999; Charteris-Black 2004; Kövecses 2008, 2009, 2015; Semino 2008; Steen 2011 and Musolff 2004, 2015); Multimodal Metaphor Theory (Forceville and Urios-Aparisi 2009), and Blending Theory or Conceptual Integration Theory (Fauconnier and Turner 2002; Coulson and Oakley 2005; Oakley and Hougaard 2008; Dancygier 2012; Dancygier et al. 2012; Brandt and Brandt 2005). Moreover, this PhD thesis focuses on the study of the metaphorical way of thinking of each community through the identification, classification and analysis of target and source domains, metaphorical schemas and modes of representation used by the muralists in the compositions. The results extracted from the corpus under study prove that the creation and construal of metaphorical content in the murals of Northern Ireland depend on the physical experience of the environment where the blends arise. Keywords: conceptual metaphor theory, multimodal metaphor theory, blending theory, metaphorical schemas, modes of representation, discourse analysis, target domain, source domain. Roberto Asenjo Page 3 Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland En Irlanda del Norte, hubo una intensa confrontación política y conflicto armado entre las comunidades Católica y Protestante desde 1969 hasta 1998, un periodo llamado `The Troubles´. Este complicado espacio temporal ha sido representado metafóricamente a través de diferentes modos de representación en los murales de Belfast y Derry/Londonderry. Puesto que las metáforas conceptuales dependen de la corporeización o experiencia física del medio, es importante estudiar hasta que punto elementos contextuales tales como la fecha, el lugar y los participantes influyen en la creación e interpretación de las mezclas o metáforas innovadoras, la cuales están inspiradas en metáforas conceptuales basadas en tres tipos de esquemas metafóricos: proposicional, imágen y evento (Soares da Silva 2016). En esta disertación, se ha llevado a cabo el análisis de 100 murales combinando las más recientes herramientas teorícas y metodológicas de los modelos socio-cognitivos de análisis de discurso, es decir, Teoría de la metáfora conceptual (Lakoff and Johnson 1980; Cuenca and Hilferty 1999; Charteris-Black 2004; Kövecses 2008, 2009, 2015; Semino 2008; Steen 2011 and Musolff 2004, 2015), Teoría de la metáfora multimodal (Forceville and Urios-Aparisi 2009) y Teoría de la mezcla o de la integración conceptual (Fauconnier and Turner 2002; Coulson and Oakley 2005; Oakley and Hougaard 2008; Dancygier 2012; Dancygier et al. 2012; Brandt and Brandt 2005). Además, esta tesis doctoral se centra en el estudio del pensamiento metafórico de cada comunidad por medio de la identificación, clasificación y análisis de los dominios meta y fuente, los esquemas metafóricos y los modos de representación empleados por los muralistas en las composiciones. Los resultados extraidos del corpus estudiado prueban que la creación e interpretación del contenido metafórico de los murales de Irlanda del Norte dependen de la experiencia física del entorno donde las mezclas surgen. Palabras clave: teoría de la metáfora conceptual, teoría de la metáfora multimodal, teoría de la mezcla, esquemas metafóricos, modos de representación, análisis de discurso, dominio meta, dominio fuente. Roberto Asenjo Page 4 Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland Acknowledgements/Agradecimientos First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Prof. Manuela Romano Mozo and my supervisor at Universidade Católica Portuguesa Braga, Prof. Augusto Soares da Silva, for their assistance and smart guidance. Specially, I will not forget their encouragement to finish this dissertation. Moreover, I would like to show my gratitude to my colleagues Miriam Sánchez Montilla and Maria Muelas Gil since I took their excellent Master´s Thesis: Approaching Domestic Violence from a Multimodal Perspective. A Multilingual Contrastive Study on Anti-Domestic Violence Campaigns and PhD Dissertation: Metaphor, economy and persuasion: A socio- cognitive approach to metaphor in times of elections, respectively as references to structure many parts of my dissertation as well as bibliographical references to understand concepts from the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Conceptual Integration Theory. Besides, I am very grateful to Beatriz from the library of Teaching school and all my colleagues from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Also the library staff and colleagues from Universidade Católica Portuguesa made me feel at home during my stay in Braga, especially to Augusto Soares da Silva, Maitê Gil and Dafne Palu who helped me with statistics and the classification of the metaphors suggested in the murals. Additionally, I want to express my appreciation to Prof. Ana Margarida Abrantes from Universidade Católica Portuguesa Lisbon who showed me the innovative Brandt and Brandt´s perspectives on Blending Theory. Also I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Rachel Whittaker and Prof. Mick O´Donnell from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid since they kindly wrote recommendation letters when I needed them, Prof. Charles Forceville from Universiteit van Amsterdam for his useful advises and inspiring theories on multimodality, Prof. Tom Morton for his remarks about the metaphorical meaning of the murals and last but not least I want to express my gratitude to my landlord in Belfast, Sean Greene who took me in his car to visit the most interesting murals, Prof. Bill Rolston from Queen´s University of Roberto Asenjo Page 5 Multimodal creativity in the murals of Northern Ireland Belfast who helped me to understand many aspects of the murals and the Republican muralists Danny Devenny and Marty Lyons for their generosity and kindness. Primeramente, me gustaría agradecer la ayuda y los consejos de mi directora de tesis en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, la profesora Manuela Romano Mozo y de mi codirector en la Universidade Católica Portuguesa de Braga, el profesor Augusto Soares da Silva. Especialmente, no olvidaré el estímulo de los dos para que finalizara esta tesis. Además, me gustaría mostrar mi gratitud tanto a mi compañera Miriam Sánchez Montilla, autora de la excelente tesis de master titulada Aproximación a la violencia domestica desde una perspectiva multimodal. Un estudio contrastivo sobre las campañas en contra de la violencia doméstica, como a Maria Muelas Gil, autora de la sobresaliente tesis doctoral titulada Metáfora, Economía y Persuasión. Aproximación socio-cognitiva a la metáfora en tiempo de elecciones, pues ambos trabajos me sirvieron de referencia para estructurar muchas partes de mi disertación y me facilitaron bibliografía para comprender términos de la Teoría de la metáfora conceptual y la Teoría de integración conceptual. También estoy muy agradecido a Beatriz de la biblioteca de la facultad de Educación por ayudarme a buscar referencias bibliográficas y a mis compañeros de la UAM. Por otra parte, los bibliotecarios y compañeros de la Universidade Católica Portuguesa me hicieron sentir como en casa durante mi estancia en Braga, especialmente Augusto Soares da Silva, Maitê Gil y Dafne Palu que me ayudaron con la estadística y la clasificación de las metáforas sugeridas en los murals. Mas aún, quiero expresar mi aprecio a la profesora Ana Margarida Abrantes de la Universidade Católica Portuguesa de Lisboa que me mostró innovadoras perspectivas de Brandt y Brandt sobre la Teoria de la mezcla. Asi mismo, me gustaría expresar mi mas sincero
Recommended publications
  • Xs. JOHN LEWIS

    Xs. JOHN LEWIS

    m if] OGRESSIVE WOMAN'S QUARTERL v . JOHN LEWIS: xs IOLE 74A70 78532 3 The world as women live it Her search for a legal abortion led The memoir of AM Norma McCorvey Sally Belfrage, to become the daughter of anonymous radical writers ROE plaintiff in the Cedric Belfrage landmark Supreme MY LIFE, and Molly Castle, ROE V. WADE, Court decision. who yearned to be AND This book is her an "all-American FREEDOM personal story, o r girl" during her CHOICE "a direct, unsenti- McCarthy-era mental, and often adolescence in the harsh account of NORMA McCORVEY conformist 50s. WITH ANDY MEJSl.Eft a real life at the "Wry and heart of historical poignant." events." SALLY BUFRABE —Publishers — Publishers Weekly Weekly BALKAN "Through short but deeply "A bold and original felt essays on everything exploration of female "With simplicity, and honesty, from housepaint and high- inventiveness and courage." Bloodlines movingly describes heeled shoes to point-blank — Harriet G. Lerner, Hales evolution and ultimate murder, Drakulic tells the author of The Dance of Anger liberation. Powerful and story of the Balkan crisis as poignant." people are living it." "Buoyant and instructive... — The Nation a welcome counterweight to — Chief Wilma Mankiller the pressures society still "Moving and eloquent." "Mesmerizing." exerts on women who want —New York Times — New York Times a life of their own." Book Review With four new chapters — New Woman Winner of the $11.00 paperback $12.00 paperback American Book Award $11.00 paperback pzs^m Also available from HzrperCollinsCanadaLtd.
  • UNITED Kingdompolitical Killings in Northern Ireland EUR 45/001/94 TABLE of CONTENTS

    UNITED Kingdompolitical Killings in Northern Ireland EUR 45/001/94 TABLE of CONTENTS

    UNITED KINGDOMPolitical Killings in Northern Ireland EUR 45/001/94 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 Killings by members of the security forces ........................................................... 3 Investigative Procedures: practice and standards ...................................... 8 The Use of Lethal Force: Laws and Regulations/International Standards ..................................................................................... 12 Collusion between security forces and armed groups ........................................ 14 The Stevens Inquiry 1989-90 ..................................................................... 14 The Case of Brian Nelson .......................................................................... 16 The Killing of Patrick Finucane .................................................................. 20 The Stevens Inquiry 1993 .......................................................................... 23 Other Allegations of Collusion .................................................................... 25 Amnesty International's Concerns about Allegations of Collusion ............ 29 Killings by Armed Political Groups ...................................................................... 34 Introduction ................................................................................................. 34 Human Rights Abuses by Republican Armed Groups .............................. 35 IRA Bombings
  • THE APPARATUS of IMPUNITY? Human Rights Violations and the Northern Ireland Conflict: a Narrative of Official Limitations on Post-Agreement Investigative Mechanisms

    THE APPARATUS of IMPUNITY? Human Rights Violations and the Northern Ireland Conflict: a Narrative of Official Limitations on Post-Agreement Investigative Mechanisms

    THE APPARATUS OF IMPUNITY? Human rights violations and the Northern Ireland conflict: a narrative of official limitations on post-Agreement investigative mechanisms Committee on the Administration of Justice January 2015 The Apparatus of Impunity? Committee on the Administration of Justice (CAJ) © Committee on the Administration of Justice January 2015 The material may be reproduced, free of charge, in any format or medium without specific permission, provided the reproduction is not for financial or material gain.The material must be reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. If the material is to be republished or issued to others, acknowledgement must be given to its source, copyright status, and date of publication. This publication is available on our website. CAJ Committee on the Administration of Justice 2nd Floor, Sturgen Building 9-15 Queen Street Belfast BT1 6EA Tel: 028 9031 6000 Fax: 028 9031 4583 [email protected] www.caj.org.uk ISBN 978 1 873285 94 7 The Apparatus of Impunity? Committee on the Administration of Justice (CAJ) THE APPARATUS OF IMPUNITY? Human rights violations and the Northern Ireland conflict: a narrative of official limitations on post-Agreement investigative mechanisms Committee on the Administration of Justice January 2015 The Apparatus of Impunity? Committee on the Administration of Justice (CAJ) Recent comments from key Council of Europe and UN human rights bodies in relation to existing mechanisms investigating the conflict in Northern Ireland: The absence of any plausible explanation for the failure to collect key evidence at the time when this was possible, and for attempts to even obstruct this process, should be treated with particular vigilance.
  • NORTHERN IRELAND Continued Abuses by All Sides

    NORTHERN IRELAND Continued Abuses by All Sides

    March 1994 Vol. 6, No. 4 NORTHERN IRELAND Continued Abuses by all Sides CONTENTS Emergency laws ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Death connected with "The Troubles" ....................................................................................................................... 2 Investigation of the use of lethal force by security forces and prosecution of those responsible for killings ............................................................................................... 3 Collusion between security forces and loyalist paramilitaries ................................................................................... 5 Coroners' inquests ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Plastic bullets ................................................................................................................................................................ 6 Ill-treatment in detention ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Right to a fair trial ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Harassment by security forces ....................................................................................................................................
  • References Ready for Transfer to WORD

    References Ready for Transfer to WORD

    City Research Online City, University of London Institutional Repository Citation: McIntosh, S. (2016). Open justice and investigations into deaths at the hands of the police, or in police or prison custody. (Unpublished Doctoral thesis, City, University of London) This is the accepted version of the paper. This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/15340/ Link to published version: Copyright: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. Reuse: Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. City Research Online: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/ [email protected] Open Justice and Investigations into Deaths at the Hands of the Police, or in Police or Prison Custody By Sam McIntosh PhD Candidate CITY UNIVERSITY, LONDON LAW SCHOOL FEBRUARY 2016 i CONTENTS Table of Contents ii Table of Cases (England and Wales) x Table of Cases (ECtHR and ECmHR) xii Table of Cases (other Jurisdictions) xiv Table of Statutes and Bills xvi Table of Statutory Instruments
  • The Hourly Rate

    The Hourly Rate

    THEWRIT ISSUE 198 JANUARY - MARCH 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF NORTHERN IRELAND THIS MONTH: The Hourly Rate Journal of the LSNI January to March 2009 03 INDEX JAN-MARCH 2009 PUBLISHERS The Law Society of Northern Ireland 40 Linenhall Street BELFAST THEWRIT BT2 8BA Tel: 028 9023 1614 Fax: 028 9023 2606 ISSUE 198 JANUARY - MARCH 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF NORTHERN IRELAND E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.lawsoc-ni.org EDITOR Alan Hunter [email protected] DEPUTY EDITORS Heather Semple [email protected] Peter O’Brien [email protected] ADVERTISING MANAGER Karen Irwin [email protected] THIS MONTH: DESIGN The Walkers Communications Ltd Hourly www.walkercommunications.co.uk Rate DISCLAIMER The Law Society of Northern Ireland accepts no responsibility for the accuracy of contributed articles or statements appearing in this magazine and any views or opinions expressed are not necessarily those 04 Cover Story: of the Law Society’s Council, save where otherwise indicated. No responsibility for loss or distress occasioned to any person acting or refraining from Taxation of costs acting as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by the authors, contributors, editor or publishers. The editor reserves the right to and the hourly rate make publishing decisions on any advertisement or editorial article submitted to this magazine and to refuse publication or to edit any editorial material as seems appropriate to the editor. The Law Society 08 Responding to policy and law reform initiatives of Northern Ireland does not endorse any goods or services advertised, nor any claims or representations made in any advertisement in this magazine.
  • Durham E-Theses

    Durham E-Theses

    Durham E-Theses The crisis of civil-military relations in Mexico during the war against drugs: comparative reections on accountability and legal reform in the modern democratic era RAMIREZ-MENDOZA, SERGIO,LUIS How to cite: RAMIREZ-MENDOZA, SERGIO,LUIS (2017) The crisis of civil-military relations in Mexico during the war against drugs: comparative reections on accountability and legal reform in the modern democratic era, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11977/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Sergio Luis Ramirez Mendoza The crisis of civil-military relations in Mexico during the war against drugs: comparative reflections on accountability and legal reform in the modern democratic era This research is focused on the current crisis that is taking place between Mexico’s civil society and the armed forces in the context of the “war against drugs”.
  • Written Answers to Questions Official Report (Hansard)

    Written Answers to Questions Official Report (Hansard)

    Written Answers to Questions Official Report (Hansard) Friday 6 July 2012 Volume 76, No WA3 This publication contains the written answers to questions tabled by Members. The content of the responses is as received at the time from the relevant Minister or representative of the Assembly Commission and has not been subject to the official reporting process or changed in any way. Contents Written Answers to Questions Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister ............................................................... WA 299 Department of Agriculture and Rural Development .................................................................. WA 303 Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure ................................................................................ WA 335 Department of Education ...................................................................................................... WA 341 Department for Employment and Learning .............................................................................. WA 376 Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment .................................................................... WA 383 Department of Finance and Personnel ................................................................................... WA 392 Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety ......................................................... WA 394 Department of Justice .......................................................................................................... WA 399 Department
  • The UK and the European Court of Human Rights

    The UK and the European Court of Human Rights

    Equality and Human Rights Commission Research report 83 The UK and the European Court of Human Rights Alice Donald, Jane Gordon and Philip Leach Human Rights and Social Justice Research Institute London Metropolitan University The UK and the European Court of Human Rights Alice Donald, Jane Gordon and Philip Leach Human Rights and Social Justice Research Institute London Metropolitan University © Equality and Human Rights Commission 2012 First published Spring 2012 ISBN 978 1 84206 434 4 Equality and Human Rights Commission Research Report Series The Equality and Human Rights Commission Research Report Series publishes research carried out for the Commission by commissioned researchers. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Commission. The Commission is publishing the report as a contribution to discussion and debate. Please contact the Research Team for further information about other Commission research reports, or visit our website: Research Team Equality and Human Rights Commission Arndale House The Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3AQ Email: [email protected] Telephone: 0161 829 8500 Website: www.equalityhumanrights.com You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website: http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/ If you require this publication in an alternative format, please contact the Communications Team to discuss your needs at: [email protected] Contents Page Tables i Acknowledgments ii Abbreviations iii Executive summary v 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Aims of the report 1 1.2 Context of the report 1 1.3 Methodology 3 1.4 Scope of the report 4 1.5 Guide to the report 5 2.
  • 1 Appendix Table of Contents Songs

    1 Appendix Table of Contents Songs

    1 Appendix Table of Contents Songs and Classifications 1 Selective Timeline 2 Belfast and Derry Religious Demographics 6 “The Men Behind The Wire” 7 Belfast Murals 8 Songs and Classifications When working with these songs, I divided them into four categories - Aggressive/Militant Support for the conflict (along with which side it seemed to support), Passive/Non-violent Support (also with which side), Aggressive/Militant Opposition, and Passive/Non-violent Opposition. While some of these divisions were fairly clear, others were based on personal interpretation. As such, this is a list of the music I looked at and which category I placed them in, both for easy reference and later research. AS - Aggressive Support PS - Passive Support AO - Aggressive Opposition PO - Passive Opposition N/R - Nationalist/Republican U/L - Unionist/Loyalist Unknown Date “The Sash My Father Wore” - Unknown Artist - Unknown Date - PS-U “Daddy’s Uniform” - Unknown Artist - Unknown Date - AS-L (I couldn’t find a solid date for either of these, but because the former may be from a nineteenth-century tune and the latter seems to be post-WWII in origin, I discussed them in the 1960s-70s category because presumably they were already known by that point.) 1960s-1970s “Only Her Rivers Run Free” - Mickey MacConnell - 1965 - PS-N “Four Green Fields” - Tommy Makem - 1967 - PS-N “The Men Behind the Wire” - Paddy McGuigan - 1971 - PS-N “The Men Behind the Wire” - Unknown - 1972 - PS-U “Give Ireland Back to the Irish” - Paul McCartney - 1972 - PO “Go On Home, British Soldiers”
  • The Murals of Northern Ireland and the Management of History

    The Murals of Northern Ireland and the Management of History

    Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont Scripps Faculty Publications and Research Scripps Faculty Scholarship 1-1-2011 The Art of Memory: The urM als of Northern Ireland and the Management of History Tony Crowley Scripps College Recommended Citation Crowley, Tony. "The Art of Memory: The urM als of Northern Ireland and the Management of History." Field Day Review 7 (2011): 22-49. Print. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Scripps Faculty Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scripps Faculty Publications and Research by an authorized administrator of Scholarship @ Claremont. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FIElD DAy REVIEw Fig. 1: West Belfast Taxi Tours. Divis St., Belfast, 2002. 22 1 Robert McLiam Wilson, Eureka Street (New York, 2007), 63–64 The Art of 2 ccdl.libraries.claremont. edu/col/mni/ (accessed 20 July 2011). Memory: The Murals of Northern Ireland and the Management of History Tony Crowley It was Povertyland. It was the land where the bad things happened … It was the land where they wrote things on the walls. Robert McLiam Wilson, Eureka Street1 Introduction The online archive Murals of Northern Ireland, held in Claremont Colleges Digital Library and covering the period from the late 1970s to the recent past,2 shows how the nature and function of murals in Northern Ireland have changed. In Derry and Belfast, they are the focal FielD DAy Review 7 2011 23 FIElD DAy REVIEw Fig. 2: Islandbawn Street, Belfast, 1983. point of a tourist trail that has been the locally based organizations provide 3 http://www.
  • Soviet America: Popular Responses to the United States in Post-World War II Soviet Union

    Soviet America: Popular Responses to the United States in Post-World War II Soviet Union

    Soviet America: Popular Responses to the United States in Post-World War II Soviet Union By Copyright 2012 Konstantin Valentinovich Avramov Submitted to the graduate degree program in History and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Eve Levin ________________________________ Nathaniel D. Wood ________________________________ David Stone ________________________________ Theodore A. Wilson ________________________________ Edith W. Clowes Date Defended: June 15, 2012 The Dissertation Committee for Konstantin Valentinovich Avramov certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Soviet America: Popular Responses to the United States in Post-World War II Soviet Union ________________________________ Chairperson Eve Levin Date approved: June 15, 2012 ii ABSTRACT KONSTANTIN AVRAMOV: Soviet America: Popular Responses to the United States in post-World War II Soviet Union In this work, I attempt to explore how average Soviet people reacted to the images and depictions of America presented to them through official and unofficial channels from both sides of the Iron Curtain during the Cold War. I argue that average Soviet citizens’ view of America was primarily informed by, and closely followed that of official propaganda. Deprived of any coherent information about America, Soviet citizens fell back on pre-World War II and even pre-Revolutionary views of America as an incredibly rich yet socially unjust country dominated by an insatiable pursuit of money. While these views did not remain static they adjusted to social and political events--the changes remained on the outer layers and did not touch the foundations of ordinary Soviet people’s image of America.