Aalborg Universitet Denmark Key Lessons Neergaard, Maja; Fallov, MA
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Aalborg Universitet Denmark Key Lessons Neergaard, Maja; Fallov, M.A.; Nielsen, Rikke Skovgaard; Jørgensen, Anja; Andersen, Hans Thor Published in: Cohesion on the ground Creative Commons License Unspecified Publication date: 2021 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication from Aalborg University Citation for published version (APA): Neergaard, M., Fallov, M. A., Nielsen, R. S., Jørgensen, A., & Andersen, H. T. (2021). Denmark: Key Lessons. In M. Neergaard, & R. Skovgaard Nielsen (Eds.), Cohesion on the ground: Perspectives and experiences (pp. 52-69). Institut for Byggeri, By og Miljø (BUILD), Aalborg Universitet. https://sbi.dk/Pages/COHSMO.aspx General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. ? 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Es cuptibus cus dolorrorro omnim laboreribus, ut ISBN 978-87-563 1987-4 COHESION ON THE GROUND SUBURBAN C HSMO INEQUALITY, URBANIZATION AND TERRITORIAL COHESION: DEVELOPING THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEMOCRATIC CAPACITY URBAN C HSMO INEQUALITY, URBANIZATION AND TERRITORIAL COHESION: DEVELOPING THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEMOCRATIC CAPACITY COHSMO C HSMO INEQUALITY, URBANIZATION AND TERRITORIAL COHESION: INEQUALITY, URBANIZATION AND TERRITORIAL COHESION: DEVELOPING THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEMOCRATIC CAPACITY DEVELOPING THE EUROPEAN MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEMOCRATIC CAPACITY CONTENTS TITLE COHESION ON THE GROUND Foreword: Cohesion on the ground ........................................................4 SUBTITLE Perspectives and experiences Introduction: The challenges facing European cohesion ....................6 FORMAT PDF Understanding actually existing cohesion initiatives .................................... 6 YEAR OF PUBLICATION 2021 About the COHSMO project ......................................................................... 8 EDITORS Maja Neergaard & Rikke Skovgaard Nielsen LANGUAGE English Concepts guiding the COHSMO project ............................................... 10 NUMBER OF PAGES 162 Territorial capital ......................................................................................... 10 REFERENCES Page 161 Collective efficacy ....................................................................................... 11 KEYWORDS Territorial cohesion, spatial inequality, territorial governance, Territorial governance ................................................................................. 12 social investment, collective efficacy, social innovation Social investment ....................................................................................... 13 Social innovation ........................................................................................ 15 ISBN 978-87-563-1987-4 Crosscutting perspectives on territorial inequality and cohesion .... 16 Typology of COHSMO localities ................................................................ 16 LAYOUT Finn Gattmann & Lise Jacobsen Size and local autonomy matters: The advantage of big cities in shaping COVER ILLUSTRATION Michael Ulf Bech social investment policies ........................................................................... 21 Collective action from below pushes for well-being and social cohesion .. 23 PUBLISHED BY Department of the Built Environment, Territorial governance and its reliance on vertical or horizontal policy Aalborg University coordination ............................................................................................... 26 Local leadership and local development .................................................... 28 The role of spatial planning in addressing territorial inequalities .............. 31 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement Key lessons from the seven COHSMO countries ................................35 No 727058. Austria ........................................................................................................ 35 The content of this document reflects only the authors’ view and the Denmark ..................................................................................................... 35 European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be Greece ........................................................................................................ 35 made of the information it contains. Italy ............................................................................................................. 35 Lithuania ..................................................................................................... 35 Poland ........................................................................................................ 35 United Kingdom .......................................................................................... 35 Appendix 1: Methods ........................................................................... 157 References ........................................................................................... 161 3 Foreword: Cohesion on the ground All across Europe, inequality is rising. This is visible in the persistent social experiences and results from a place-based approach. We also illustrate the and economic divides between countries, between regions, and between impact that the national context and the setup of national welfare systems cities and rural areas. In response to this inequality, the regional policy of have on the capacity of localities to engage in actions that address issues of the European Union has striven to strengthen the Union’s territorial cohe- territorial cohesion and inequality. sion. However, the policy response of the EU’s individual Member States to A warm thank you to all the actors in the seven countries that have shared regional inequality tends to diverge from the EU’s focus on territorial cohe- their experiences and professional reflections. sion, and examples of Member State policies and practices that correspond Happy reading ! with the EU vision of enhanced cohesion are more rare. In this handbook, The densely built city of Athens. we examine some of the Member State policies and initiatives that do seem The COHSMO team © Dimitris Balampanidis. to work towards a vision similar to the EU vision for a territorially cohesive Union. We hope that this can contribute to an understanding of the complex dynamics between socio-economic inequalities and how they interact with territorial conditions, so that we may lay a path towards a more cohesive European territory. This handbook presents the findings and recommendations of the inter- national research project Inequality, urbanization and territorial cohesion: Developing the European social model of economic growth and democratic capacity (COHSMO). The COHSMO project investigates how territorial co- hesion at different European spatial scales affects economic growth, spatial justice and democratic capacities. The underlying idea is that ‘location mat- ters’. That is, inequality, cohesion, competitiveness and participation have territorial dimensions at the European, national and local levels that must be considered in the design and implementation of policies that are aimed at improving the life chances of EU citizens. In the following pages, we share results from a total of 21 case studies carried out by the seven EU Member States that took part in the project: Denmark, Austria, the United Kingdom, Greece, Poland, Italy and Lithuania. Each country has reported on three case studies within a specific region in their country – an urban, a suburban and a rural case. The case stud- ies reveal the varied ways that localities matter and the multiple forms that the relations between urbanization, inequality and territorial cohesion take across the European space. We seek to provide examples that draw on the 4 5 was officially stated and endorsed in the Treaty of Lisbon