DOCSLIB.ORG

Basic Psychiatry Symptoms and Signs (Psychopathology)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Basic Psychiatry Symptoms and Signs (Psychopathology) In psychiatry 1 Psychiatric symptoms and signs are common in patients of all kinds; therefore, medical students require sound knowledge of these symptoms and signs. In psychiatric Clinical practice diagnosis is not made on a single symptom or sign, but on the pattern of several clinical features. This chapter provides a concise description of the most common symptoms and signs of various psychiatric disorders. Following chapters, however, will clarify how to elicit these symptoms and signs through the psychiatric interview, and how to organize symptoms and signs into various diagnostic categories. For simplification, symptoms and signs in psychiatry can be grouped into the following categories: • Abnormalities of behavior and movements. • Abnormalities of mood and emotion. • Abnormalities of speech. • Abnormalities of thinking. • Abnormalities of perception. • Abnormalities of awareness of self and others. • Abnormalities of consciousness. • Abnormalities of attention and concentration. • Abnormalities of memory. • Abnormality of judgment. • Abnormality of insight. • Abnormality of sleep, eating and sex. 2 ABNORMALITIES OF BEHAVIOR AND MOVEMENTS Very important to understand. 1. *Psychomotor Retardation: slowed mental and motor activities, the most common diagnosis are major depressive disorder. 2. *Stupor: a state in which a person, although is fully awake with open eyes, does not react to the surroundings: mute, immobile and unresponsive. It can be due to organic or functional psychiatric disorders. 3. Catatonic Stupor: stupor with rigid muscles and posturing seen mainly in schizophrenia; catatonic type. 4. *Agitation: restlessness with psychological tension. Patient is not fully aware of restlessness. It can be due to many psychiatric disorders: mania, depression, schizophrenia, substance abuse, delirium …e t c. 5. Catatonic Excitement: marked sudden unprovoked impulsive and aggressive behavior seen mainly in schizophrenia. 6. Aggression: hostile physical or verbal behavior, with rage and anger. 7. *Akathisia: inability to keep sitting still, due to a compelling subjective feeling of restlessness. Patient is fully aware of restlessness. It is due to antidopaminergic drugs. 8. Dyskinesia: restless movement of group of muscles, mainly in the orofacial and hands muscles.Tardive dyskinesia is a late onset type induced by several years use of antidopaminergics. 9. *Dystonia: painful severe muscle spasm mainly due to recent use of antidopaminergics. 3 10. Torticollis: contraction of neck muscles, tilting the head to oneside. It is mainly due to recent use of antidopaminergics. 11. Tics: sudden repeated involuntary muscle twisting e.g. repeatedblinking, grimacing , seen in normal people but when excessive and severe they indicate a psychiatric disorder e.g. Tic disorder. 12. *Compulsions: compulsive actions associated with obsessions e.g. compulsive hand washing, seen in obsessive compulsive disorder. 13. Echopraxia: imitative repetition of movement of somebody. It indicates an organic mental pathology. 14. *Waxy Flexibility: patient’s limbs may be moved like wax, holding position for long period of time before returning to previous position, seen mainly in schizophrenia ;catatonic type. 15. Stereotypies: purposeless repetitive involuntary movements.e.g. foot tapping, thigh rocking, seen in normal people but when severe they indicate psychiatric disorder. 16. Mannerism: odd goal-directed movements. e.g. repeated hand movement resembling a military salute. 4 ABNORMALITIES OF MOOD / EMOTION 1. *Anxiety: feeling of apprehension accompanied by autonomic symptoms (such as muscles tension,perspiration and tachycardia), caused by anticipation of danger. Free-floating anxiety: diffuse, unfocused anxiety, not attached to a specific danger. 2. *Fear: anxiety caused by realistic consciously recognized danger. 3. *Panic: acute, self-limiting, episodic intense attack of anxiety associated with overwhelming dread and autonomic symptoms. 4. *Phobia: irrational exaggerated fear and avoidance of a specific object, situation or activity. 5. Irritable mood: easily annoyed and provoked to anger. 6. Dysphoria: mixture feelings of sadness and apprehension. 7. Depressed mood: feeling of sadness, pessimism and a sense of loneliness. 8. Anhedonia: lack of pleasure in acts which are normally pleasurable. 9. *Grief: sadness appropriate to a real loss (e.g. death of a relative) 10. *Guilt: unpleasant emotion secondary to doing what is perceived as wrong. 11. Shame: unpleasant emotion secondary to failure to live up to self- expectations. 12. Perplexity: anxious mood with bewilderment. 13. Ambivalent Mood: coexistence of two opposing emotional tones towards the same object in the same person at the same time. 5 14. Alexithymia: inability to, or difficulty in, expressing one’s own emotions. 15. Elevated Mood: a mood more cheerful than usual. 16. Elation:- feeling of elevated mood with optimism and self satisfaction 17. Euphoria: intense elation with feeling of grandeur. 18. Ecstasy: very intense elation beyond reason and control. 19. Expansive Mood: expression of euphoria with overestimation of self- importance. 20. Grandiosity: feeling and thinking of great importance (in identity or ability). 21. Constricted Affect: significant reduction in the normal emotional responses. 22. Flat Affect: absence of emotional expression. 23. Apathy: lack of emotion, interest or concern, associated with detachment. 24. Labile Affect: rapid, abrupt changes in emotions in the same setting, unrelated to external stimuli. 25. La Belle Indifference: inappropriate denial of expected affect and lack of concern about physical disability (seen in conversion disorders). 26. Inappropriate Affect: disharmony between emotions and the idea, thought, or speech, accompanying it. 6 ABNORMALITIES OF SPEECH 1. Echolalia: imitation of words or phrases made by others, seen in some schizophrenic patients, mentally retarded and some organic mental disorders. 2. Pressure of Speech: rapid, uninterrupted speech that is increased in amount seen in patients with mania or stimulant abuse. 3. Circumstantialities: over inclusion of details delaying reaching the desired goal, seen in people with obsession personality. 4. Elective Mutism: refusal to speak in certain circumstances. 5. Poverty of Speech: restricted amount of speech seen in depression and schizophrenia. 6. Stuttering (Stammering): frequent repetition or prolongation of a sound or syllable, leading to markedly impaired speech fluency. 7. Cluttering: dysrhythmic rapid and jerky speech. 8. Clang Associations (Rhyming): association of word similar insound but not in meaning (e.g. deep, keep, sleep) seen in patients with mania or substance abuse. 9. Punning: playing upon words, by using a word of more than one meaning (e.g. ant, aunt). Seen in patients with mania or substance abuse. 10. Word Salad: incoherent mixture of words and phrases, seen in chronic schizophrenia. 11. Dysarthria: difficulty in articulation and speech production. 7 12. Sensory Aphasia: nonsensical fluent speech due to lesion affecting Wernick‟s (receptive) area. 13. Motor Aphasia: impairment in the ability to formulate fluent speech due to lesion affecting Broca‟s (motor) area. 14. Dysphonia: difficulty in voicing speech clearly, due to dysfunction of vocal cords or soft palate. ABNORMALITIES IN THINKING Poverty of Thoughts A- Abnormal Thought Stream Pressure of Thoughts Thought Block B- Abnormal Thought Link Loosening of Association Flight of Ideas Thought Perseveration Overvalued Ideas Obsessions C- Abnormal Thought Content - Delusions 8 A. Abnormal Thought Stream 1. Poverty of Thoughts: few, slow, unvaried thoughtsassociated with poverty of speech, seen in schizophreniaand depression. 2.*Pressure of Thoughts: rapid abundant varying thoughts associated with pressure of speech and flight ofideas, seen in mania and stimulant abuse. 3. Thought Block: sudden cessation of thought flow withcomplete emptying of the mind, not caused by an external influence, seen inschizophrenia. B. Abnormal Thought Link Also called „formal thought disorders‟. 1.*Loosening of Associations: lack of logic connection betweenthoughts seen in chronic schizophrenia. 2.* Flight of Ideas: successive rapidly shifting incomplete ideas but with an understandable link, seen in mania and stimulant intoxication. 3. Thought Perseveration: repeating the same sequence of thoughts persistently and inappropriately, seen in organic brain pathology (e.g. dementia) C. Abnormal Thought Content 1. Overvalued Ideas: Strongly held false ideas but shakable (e.g. personal conviction that vitiligo is a contagious disease). 2. *Obsessions (mental ruminations): 9 Repetitive ideas, images, feelings or urges insistently entering person‟s mind despite resistance. They are unwanted, distressful and recognized as senseless and irrational. Obsessions are frequently, but not always, followed by compelling actions (which are called compulsions or rituals). Common Obsessional Contents: dirt/contamination/cleaning /doubts about religious matters. 3. *Delusions: Unshakable false beliefs out of keeping with the person‟s cultural background, not arrived at through logic thinking and not amenable to reasoning. Common Delusional Contents: 1. Persecutory delusion: Delusion of being persecuted (cheated, mistreated, harassed, followed for harm etc.). Persecutory delusion is sometimes called paranoid delusion , however, paranoid delusion means not only being ersecuted but being persecuted
Recommended publications
  • Guilt, Shame, and Grief: an Empirical Study of Perinatal Bereavement

    Guilt, Shame, and Grief: an Empirical Study of Perinatal Bereavement

    Guilt, Shame, and Grief: An Empirical Study of Perinatal Bereavement by Peter Barr 'Death in the sickroom', Edvard Munch 1893 A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Behavioural Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Sydney November, 2003 Preface All of the work described in this thesis was carried out personally by the author under the auspices of the Centre for Behavioural Sciences, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney. None of the work has been submitted previously for the purpose of obtaining any other degree. Peter Barr OAM, MB BS, FRACP ii The investigator cannot truthfully maintain his relationship with reality—a relationship without which all his work becomes a well-regulated game—if he does not again and again, whenever it is necessary, gaze beyond the limits into a sphere which is not his sphere of work, yet which he must contemplate with all his power of research in order to do justice to his own task. Buber, M. (1957). Guilt and guilt feelings. Psychiatry, 20, p. 114. iii Acknowledgements I am thankful to the Department of Obstetrics and Department of Neonatology of the following hospitals for giving me permission to approach parents bereaved by stillbirth or neonatal death: Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Royal Hospital for Women, Royal North Shore Hospital and Westmead Hospital. I am most grateful to Associate Professor Susan Hayes and Dr Douglas Farnill for their insightful supervision and unstinting encouragement and support. Dr Andrew Martin and Dr Julie Pallant gave me sensible statistical advice.
  • Chronic Pain and Biopsychosocial Disorders

    Chronic Pain and Biopsychosocial Disorders

    VOLUME 5, ISSUE 7 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2005 The journal with the practitioner in mind. ChronicChronic PPainain andand BiopsychosocialBiopsychosocial DisordersDisorders ©2005 PPM Communications, Inc. Reprinted with permission. www.ppmjournal.com . The BHI™2 Approach to Classification and Assessment By Daniel Bruns, PsyD and John Mark Disorbio, EdD ccounting for over 35 million of- pain. In other cases however, the psycho- While chronic pain is generally recog- fice visits a year, pain represents logical difficulties may be the conse- nized as being a biopsychosocial phe- A the most prevalent reason why an quence of the pain condition, itself.12 nomenon, what is often overlooked is that individual chooses to seek out medical Thus, when pain appears in conjunction illness, injury, psychological and social treatment.1 So prevalent, in fact, research with stress, anxiety, depression or other factors interact over the course of time to has shown that the cost associated with the psychiatric syndromes, the arrow of produce distinctly different types of treatment of pain exceeds the costs at- causality can sometimes point from pain biopsychosocial disorders. Effective treat- tributable to the treatment of other dis- to psychiatric condition, and in other ment requires that the clinician not only orders, such as heart disease, respiratory cases from psychiatric condition to pain. identify the biological, psychological and disease, or cancer.2 Pain also represents a Overall, the research literature suggests social aspects of a condition, but also
  • Psychogenic Pseudoepileptic Seizures – from Ancient Time to the Present

    Psychogenic Pseudoepileptic Seizures – from Ancient Time to the Present

    11 Psychogenic Pseudoepileptic Seizures – From Ancient Time to the Present Joanna Jędrzejczak1,* and Krzysztof Owczarek2 1Department of Neurology and Epileptology Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw 2Department of Medical Psychology Medical University, Warsaw Poland 1. Introduction Clinicians who work with patients with epilepsy are confronted with many diagnostic and therapeutic challenges when have to differentiate between epileptic and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). At the end of the twentieth century, the introduction of electroencephalography (EEG) recording with simultaneous monitoring of patient behaviour helped to correct false positive and false negative diagnoses of the nature of convulsive conditions. This technological advancement sensitized physicians to the high incidence of patients with PNES receiving referrals to clinical centres specializing in the treatment of epilepsy. When PNES is erroneously diagnosed as epilepsy, patients are at risk of prolonged, unnecessary, and above all, ineffective treatment with antiepileptic drugs. These drugs do not reduce the number of psychogenic convulsive incidents. Moreover , ineffective treatment leads to frequent visits to outpatient clinics and hospitalizations. It also leads to frequent change of doctors, strategies and forms of treatments. All this increases the cost of erroneous diagnosis and inadequate treatment. PNES are defined as “episodes of altered movement, sensation or experience similar to epilepsy, but casued by a psychological process and not associated with abnormal electrical discharges un the brain” (Reuber and Elger, 2003) In current diagnostic schemes PNES are categorized as a manifestation of dissociative or somatoform (conversion) disorder (ICD-10). This mean that they are caused by unconscious, symbolically expressed psychological processes leading to conversion, i.e. the pressing need to interpret one’s problems in ways which are both rationally and socially acceptable.
  • Mental Health Diagnosis Codes

    Mental Health Diagnosis Codes

    Mental Health Diagnosis Codes Code Description Code System 10007009 Coffin-Siris syndrome (disorder) SNOMEDCT 10278007 Factitious purpura (disorder) SNOMEDCT 10327003 Cocaine-induced mood disorder (disorder) SNOMEDCT 10349009 Multi-infarct dementia with delirium (disorder) SNOMEDCT 10532003 Primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type, presenile onset, with SNOMEDCT depression (disorder) 10586006 Occupation-related stress disorder (disorder) SNOMEDCT 106013002 Mental disorder of infancy, childhood or adolescence (disorder) SNOMEDCT 106014008 Organic mental disorder of unknown etiology (disorder) SNOMEDCT 106015009 Mental disorder AND/OR culture bound syndrome (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109006 Anxiety disorder of childhood OR adolescence (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109478007 Kohlschutter's syndrome (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109805003 Factitious cheilitis (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109896009 Indication for modification of patient status (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109897000 Indication for modification of patient behavior status (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109898005 Indication for modification of patient cognitive status (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109899002 Indication for modification of patient emotional status (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109900007 Indication for modification of patient physical status (disorder) SNOMEDCT 109901006 Indication for modification of patient psychological status (disorder) SNOMEDCT 11061003 Psychoactive substance use disorder (disorder) SNOMEDCT 111475002 Neurosis (disorder) SNOMEDCT 111476001 Mental disorder usually first evident in infancy, childhood AND/OR
  • Name of Clinician Who Filled out This Form

    Name of Clinician Who Filled out This Form

    HOME HEALTH RE-REGISTRATION/CONCURRENT REVIEW TEMPLATE ALL FIELDS WITH * ARE REQUIRED Provider EDS/CMAP ID # (Medicaid 9-digit ID) Name of clinician who filled out this form Credentials/Title Contact number _________________________________Ext: _________________ Facility/Provider Name Telephone Number Facility/Provider Service Location Member Name Medicaid/Consumer ID# DOB: AND/OR SSN: ________________ 1) *Is this a new registration for a client already in outpatient treatment within your agency/practice? YES NO If APPLICABLE, PLEASE INDICATE IF ANY OF THE FOLLOWING NEED TO BE UPDATED 2) *Behavioral Diagnoses (Primary is Required) *Diagnosis Code: _______________ *Description_________________________________________________ *Diagnostic Category: _____________________________________________________________________ Diagnosis Code: _______________ Description_________________________________________________ Diagnostic Category: _______________________________________________________________________ 3) *Primary Medical Diagnoses (Primary is required or indicate “None” or “Unknown”) *Diagnosis Code: _______________ *Description_________________________________________________ *Diagnostic Category: _____________________________________________________________________ Diagnosis Code: _______________ Description_________________________________________________ Diagnostic Category: _____________________________________________________________________ 4) *Social Elements Impacting Diagnoses (Required - Check all that apply) None Educational problems
  • Handbook of Medical Psychiatry

    Handbook of Medical Psychiatry

    I II III Handbook of Medical Psychiatry SECOND EDITION David P. Moore M.D. Associate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Frazier Rehab Institute, Louisville, Kentucky James W. Jefferson M.D. Distinguished Senior Scientist, Madison Institute of Medicine, Inc.; Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison IV ELSEVIER MOSBY An Affiliate of Elsevier 170 S Independence Mall W. 300E. Philadelphia, PA 19106-3399 HANDBOOK OF MEDICAL PSYCHIATRY, 2nd Edition•ISBN 0-323-02911-6 Copyright © 2004, 1996,Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Health Sciences Rights Department in Philadelphia, PA, USA: phone: (+1) 215 238 7869, fax: (+1) 215 238 2239, e-mail: [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://www.elsevier.com.proxy.hsclib. sunysb.edu), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’. NOTICE Medicine is an ever-changing field. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but as new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current product information provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered to verify the recommended dose, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the licensed physician, relying on experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient.
  • The Effect of Delusion and Hallucination Types on Treatment

    The Effect of Delusion and Hallucination Types on Treatment

    Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 2016;29:29-35 Research / Araştırma DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2016290103 The Effect of Delusion and Esin Evren Kilicaslan1, Guler Acar2, Sevgin Eksioglu2, Sermin Kesebir3, Hallucination Types on Ertan Tezcan4 1Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Treatment Response in Research Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Izmir - Turkey 2Istanbul Erenkoy Mental Health Training and Research Schizophrenia and Hospital, Istanbul - Turkey 3Uskudar University, Istanbul Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Istanbul - Turkey Schizoaffective Disorder 4Istanbul Beykent University, Department of Psychology, Istanbul - Turkey ABSTRACT The effect of delusion and hallucination types on treatment response in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder Objective: While there are numerous studies investigating what kind of variables, including socio- demographic and cultural ones, affect the delusion types, not many studies can be found that investigate the impact of delusion types on treatment response. Our study aimed at researching the effect of delusion and hallucination types on treatment response in inpatients admitted with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Method: The patient group included 116 consecutive inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder according to DSM-IV-TR in a clinical interview. Delusions types were determined using the classification system developed by Gross and colleagues. The hallucinations were recorded as auditory, visual and auditory-visual. Response to treatment was assessed according to the difference in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores at admission and discharge and the duration of hospitalization. Results: Studying the effect of delusion types on response to treatment, it has been found that for patients with religious and grandiose delusions, statistically the duration of hospitalization is significantly longer than for other patients.
  • Overcoming Loneliness Together Steps You Can Take to Help Recognize Loneliness, Get Connected and Live a Stronger, Happier Life

    Overcoming Loneliness Together Steps You Can Take to Help Recognize Loneliness, Get Connected and Live a Stronger, Happier Life

    Overcoming loneliness together Steps you can take to help recognize loneliness, get connected and live a stronger, happier life 01 WELCOME THE WARMTH OF A CONNECTED LIFE Loneliness. It’s something we’ve all experienced from time to time, but many of us find that loneliness can become a feeling that often occurs—especially as we get older. Feelings of loneliness can happen to anyone, anywhere—even when surrounded by friends and family, or physically alone and in need of interactions with others. In fact, 1 in 5 Americans often feels lonely, and for older adults, about one-third feels lonely.1, 2 The good news? There are resources, people and things that can help support you to work to overcome these feelings. For more information, visit Humana.com/PopulationHealth 1 Kaiser Family Foundation, 2018, https://www.kff.org/report-section/loneliness-and-social-isolation-in- the-united-states-the-united-kingdom-and-japan-an-international-survey-introduction/ 2 American Association of Retired Persons, “Loneliness and Social Connections: A National Survey of Adults 45 and Older,” 2018, https://www.aarp.org/research/topics/life/info-2018/loneliness-social- connections.html WHAT EXACTLY DO YOU MEAN BY “LONELINESS”? Loneliness is a feeling of sadness or distress about being by ourselves or feeling disconnected from the world around us. It can strike when we don’t feel a sense of belonging or have social connections to friends, neighbors or others. Loneliness is also a common emotion, and it is likely that all of us have experienced it at some point in our lives.
  • Graduate Research Showcase – Will Hipson

    Graduate Research Showcase – Will Hipson

    MR. WILL E HIPSON (Orcid ID : 0000-0002-3931-2189) DR. ROBERT J COPLAN (Orcid ID : 0000-0003-3696-2108) Article type : Original Manuscript Active Emotion Regulation Mediates Links between Shyness and Social Adjustment in Preschool Will E. Hipsona, Robert J. Coplana, and Daniel G. Séguinb aCarleton University, Ottawa, Canada, bMount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Canada Correspondence to: [email protected] Article Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Acknowledgements This research was support by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship to author Hipson and a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Insight Grant (435-2012- 1173) to author Coplan. The authors wish to thank Laura Cater, Samantha Davin, Laura Dodge, Emily Vanden Hanenburg, Carlotta Heymann, Annastasia Jickling, Maria Redden, Bronwen Schryver, Jamie Thompson, and Shawntel Whitten for their help in the collection and inputting of data. This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not Accepted been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/sode.12372 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Abstract Shyness is characterized by the experience of heightened fear, anxiety, and social- evaluative concerns in social situations and is associated with increased risk for social adjustment difficulties. Previous research suggests that shy children have difficulty regulating negative emotions, such as anger and disappointment, which contributes to problems interacting with others. However, it remains unclear precisely which strategies are involved among these associations.
  • Neurocase: the Neural Basis of Cognition Transient Paligraphia

    Neurocase: the Neural Basis of Cognition Transient Paligraphia

    This article was downloaded by: [Florida International University] On: 16 June 2015, At: 04:31 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Neurocase: The Neural Basis of Cognition Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/nncs20 Transient paligraphia associated with severe palilalia and stuttering: A single case report Alfredo Ardila a , Monica Rosselli b , Cheri Surloff c & Jennifer Buttermore b a Instituto Colombiano de Neuropsicologia , Bogota, Colombia b Florida Atlantic University , Davie, Florida c Miami Institute of Psychology , Miami, FL, USA Published online: 17 Jan 2008. To cite this article: Alfredo Ardila , Monica Rosselli , Cheri Surloff & Jennifer Buttermore (1999) Transient paligraphia associated with severe palilalia and stuttering: A single case report, Neurocase: The Neural Basis of Cognition, 5:5, 435-440, DOI: 10.1080/13554799908402737 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13554799908402737 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information.
  • Formal Thought Disorder in First-Episode Psychosis

    Formal Thought Disorder in First-Episode Psychosis

    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Comprehensive Psychiatry 70 (2016) 209–215 www.elsevier.com/locate/comppsych Formal thought disorder in first-episode psychosis Ahmet Ayera, Berna Yalınçetinb, Esra Aydınlıb, Şilay Sevilmişb, Halis Ulaşc, Tolga Binbayc, ⁎ Berna Binnur Akdedeb,c, Köksal Alptekinb,c, aManisa Psychiatric Hospital, Manisa, Turkey bDepartment of Neuroscience, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey cDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical School of Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey Abstract Formal thought disorder (FTD) is one of the fundamental symptom clusters of schizophrenia and it was found to be the strongest predictor determining conversion from first-episode acute transient psychotic disorder to schizophrenia. Our goal in the present study was to compare a first-episode psychosis (FEP) sample to a healthy control group in relation to subtypes of FTD. Fifty six patients aged between 15 and 45 years with FEP and forty five control subjects were included in the study. All the patients were under medication for less than six weeks or drug-naive. FTD was assessed using the Thought and Language Index (TLI), which is composed of impoverishment of thought and disorganization of thought subscales. FEP patients showed significantly higher scores on the items of poverty of speech, weakening of goal, perseveration, looseness, peculiar word use, peculiar sentence construction and peculiar logic compared to controls. Poverty of speech, perseveration and peculiar word use were the significant factors differentiating FEP patients from controls when controlling for years of education, family history of psychosis and drug abuse. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Negative FTD, identified with poverty of speech and poverty in content of speech, remains stable over the course of Formal thought disorder (FTD) is one of the fundamental schizophrenia [7].
  • Traumatic Shame Memories and Development of Paranoid Ideations

    Traumatic Shame Memories and Development of Paranoid Ideations

    University of Texas at Tyler Scholar Works at UT Tyler Psychology and Counseling Theses Psychology and Counseling Summer 8-24-2020 Traumatic Shame Memories and Development of Paranoid Ideations Anwesha Maitra University of Texas at Tyler Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uttyler.edu/psychology_grad Part of the Clinical Psychology Commons, Counseling Commons, and the Psychiatry and Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Maitra, Anwesha, "Traumatic Shame Memories and Development of Paranoid Ideations" (2020). Psychology and Counseling Theses. Paper 11. http://hdl.handle.net/10950/2665 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Psychology and Counseling at Scholar Works at UT Tyler. It has been accepted for inclusion in Psychology and Counseling Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholar Works at UT Tyler. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TRAUMATIC SHAME MEMORIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF PARANOID IDEATIONS by ANWESHA MAITRA A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Clinical Psychology Department of Psychology and Counseling Dennis Combs, Ph. D., Committee Chair College of Education and Psychology The University of Texas at Tyler August 2020 The University of Texas at Tyler Tyler, Texas This is to certify that the Master's Thesis of ANWESHA MAITRA has been approved for the thesis requirement on July 15th, 2020 for the Clinical Psychology, M.S Degree Approvals: Thesis Chair: Dennis Combs, Ph.D. Member: Sarah Sass, Ph.D. Member: Eric Stocks, Ph.D. Chair, Department of Psychology © Copyright by Anwesha Maitra 2020 All rights reserved Acknowledgement I would like to thank my professors Dr.