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Research Impact Highlights 2017 Foreword CONTENTS Foreword 3 Effect of housing conditions on performance and welfare of finishing beef cattle 4 Lactobacilli as live bio-therapeutics for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection 4 Predicting the human capital requirements of Irish dairying 5 Decision-support packages for knowledge transfer 5 The productivity of Irish agriculture 6 Accurate genetic evaluations for profitability in sheep 6 Teagasc National Farm Survey: the sustainability of small farming in Ireland 7 Submission for third review of the Nitrates Directive National Action Programme 7 New sensory panels for characterising flavour and texture profiles of food 8 Making dairy farms more energy efficient 8 Cobweb-free mushrooms 9 Milkybiotics – new bioactivity for bovine colostrum 9 Healthy diet, healthy climate 10 Reducing antibiotic usage on pig farms in Ireland 10 Grass weed control in Irish arable crops 11 Mining the metabolic diversity of microbes for flavour diversification in dairy products 11 Bioeconomy impact 12 Assessing the impact of a GM potato engineered for late blight resistance 12 Nutrient Efficiency Working Group – lime campaign 2013-2017 13 Specialised meat products target promotion of healthy ageing 13 Impact of Teagasc research publications 14 Research Programmes 15 Teagasc locations 16 Reference to any commercial product or service is made with the TResearch Teagasc, Oak Park, Carlow, R93 XE12 understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by Teagasc is implied. Published on behalf of Teagasc by Be social! Connect with Teagasc www.teagasc.ie Th !nk Media The Malthouse, 537 NCR, Dublin 1, D01 V822. Compiled and edited by Catriona Boyle, Cathal T: 01 856 1166 E: [email protected] www.thinkmedia.ie Text and images cannot be reproduced without prior Buckley, Stephen Byrne, Pat Dillon, Mark Fenelon, written consent. Please note images may have been Design: Tony Byrne, Tom Cullen and Niamh Short obtained from an independent source. Please quote Kevin Hanrahan, Shauna Holden, Jane Kavanagh, Editorial: Ann-Marie Hardiman, ‘Teagasc Research Impact Highlights in 2017’ when Olivia McAuliffe, Frank O’Mara and John Spink. Paul O’Grady and Colm Quinn using direct quotes from items. Published May 2018 2 RESEARCH IMPACT HIGHLIGHTS 2017 FOREWORD 6 7 12 10 11 The annual expenditure on research in Teagasc is approximately Of course researchers are not solely responsible for achieving €65 million, which comes from a variety of sources. These include these impacts. They also depend on the work of others, such as the core grant-in-aid funding allocated by the Government and our advisers and specialists, experts in other organisations and competitive funding awarded nationally; principally, the Food industry, and farmers, food companies and policy makers, who Institutional Research Measure (FIRM), the Research Stimulus Fund ultimately make the changes in what they do based at least in and Competitive Forestry Research for Development (CoFoRD) part on our research. programmes of the Department of Agriculture, Food and the I wish to commend my colleagues in Teagasc who carried out the Marine (DAFM). Important sources are Science Foundation research reported here or supported it in some way, and other Ireland, Enterprise Ireland, the Environmental Protection Agency, researchers whose work did not make it into these 20 examples. I the Irish Research Council and international programmes such as would also like to acknowledge the many collaborators we have in EU Horizon 2020. Farmer levy contributions, industry-funded universities, institutes of technology and other external bodies, as research, and earnings from services offered and farming activities well as the farming community and agri-food companies, which also provide funding. were directly involved in many of the research projects leading to This is significant investment and given the Teagasc mission to these impacts. We greatly value those contributions, which are support science-based innovation in the agri-food sector and the highlighted in the individual reports. wider bioeconomy, it is very important to demonstrate the impact Finally, I would like to thank the funders of the research, which are of this investment. In any given year, the impact of Teagasc listed above. I believe it is wise investment and will pay rich research is a combination of the continuing impact of past dividends across the agri-food industry, the wider economy and research, and the new impact of recent research. This publication Irish society over the coming years. highlights some of these new impacts achieved in 2017. The examples selected are from across our programme and range from research conducted on issues in soils and the environment, animal production, crop production, food processing, food and health, to economics and social science. They are not an exhaustive account of the impact of Teagasc’s research but they do demonstrate the breadth of research carried out by Teagasc. The impacts are made in a range of areas including livestock and crop (including horticulture) production, and the food industry, Frank O’Mara and they demonstrate an impact on shaping policy. Director of Research, Teagasc RESEARCH IMPACT HIGHLIGHTS 2017 3 RESEARCH Lactobacilli as live bio- therapeutics for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection Mairéad Coakley, Mary Rea, Lisa Quigley, Debebe Alemayehu, Órla O’Sullivan, Paul Cotter, Colin Hill, Paul Ross Effect of housing conditions on performance and welfare of finishing beef cattle Bernadette Earley, Mark McGee, Edward O’Riordan, Industry impact: As antibiotic resistance increases globally, we Michael Keane are running out of effective antibiotics for the treatment of infections (WHO press release, 2017). Live bio-therapeutics offer a promising Industry impact: In Ireland, concrete slatted floors are the alternative for the treatment of infectious diseases, and may lead to predominant cattle housing system. Current recommendations for the reduced antibiotic use. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) currently minimum space allowance for beef cattle of various sizes in concrete costs the Irish economy approximately €21 million annually. We slatted-floored pens is 2.0m 2 and 2.2m 2 for 500kg and 600kg animals, screened the Teagasc and APC Microbiome Ireland culture respectively. There are calls to increase this and to replace concrete collections for bacteria with anti- C. difficile activity. A Lactobacillus slats with an alternative. Two experiments were performed. In gasseri strain of human origin has been shown to reduce C. difficile experiment 1 bulls were accommodated on concrete slats with or shedding, and to have a positive impact on the gut microbiome in without rubber mats. In experiment 2 heifers were accommodated on an animal model of CDI. This strain has been patented concrete slats with space allowances of 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0m 2 per head (EP16205994) and licensed to Alimentary Health Ltd, a leading Irish and straw at 6.0m 2 per head. Experiment 1 demonstrated that company in the live bio-therapeutics arena. This work won the 2017 replacing concrete slats with rubber mats improved the average daily Bridge Network Invention of the Year. gain of bulls but had no effect on carcass weight. Dirt scores were not affected by floor type. Hoof lesions increased on rubber mats. Other contributors and collaborators: APC Microbiome Experiment 2 showed no difference in carcass weight at the different Ireland, University College Cork. National Irish Sequencing Centre, space allowances or on the straw treatment. Heifers housed on straw Teagasc. Sharon Sheahan, Technology Transfer Office, Teagasc. Pat had longer lying times and greater dirt scores. Casey, School of Microbiology, University College Cork. Eileen More generous space allowance to finishing cattle on concrete slats is Murphy and Barry Kiely, Alimentary Health Ltd. not warranted, and rubber mats and straw as underfoot conditions did not enhance animal performance or welfare. Funding: Science Foundation Ireland. Contribution of non-research stakeholders: Knowledge transfer specialists and advisers have facilitated the dissemination of this research. Kepak allowed access to animals and facilities at Kepak, Co. Meath for experiment 2. Other contributors and collaborators: Alan Kelly, UCD. Funding: Teagasc grant-in-aid (RMIS 6675). 4 RESEARCH IMPACT HIGHLIGHTS 2017 RESEARCH Decision-support packages for knowledge transfer Áine Macken-Walsh Industry i mpa ct: Transdisciplinary research findings in relation to Predicting the human capital the control of Johne’s disease (JD) in dairy herds and grassland management were translated into practice-ready decision-support requirements of Irish dairying packages for farmers, advisers, vets and other rural professionals. Incorporating novel communication techniques, the JD control Paidi Kelly, Laurence Shalloo, Pat Dillon package is designed for interactive use on touchscreen/other electronic devices, and is also available in hard copy. Similarly, the Industry impact: Irish dairy farming has changed dramatically. In grassland management transdisciplinary and open innovation process 2016, almost 50% of all dairy cows were milked in herds of 100 generated a complete methodology for advisers to facilitate a cows or more. Labour shortages are now flagged as a potential discussion group meeting on a host farm, identifying grassland barrier to future expansion. A labour model was created which management practices that are cost-effective, impactful and achievable . predicted
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