about events that occurred 500 years earlier ya(~3300 earlier 500years occurred that events about ’ written around 2800 ya(8 2800 written around s Iliad and and and the Trojan the and th century B.C.) )

H.D. Johnson Images (2004)

German businessman-turned- Heinrich Schliemann archaeologist sought the true (as opposed to mythical) 1822-1890 identity of Homeric .

Schliemann Tomb,

Schliemann House in Athens Sofia Kastromenou M y c e n a e

Map of Aegan Sea region from Images of the Past, 4th, p. 521. Well-known citadel (fortified “palace” town) 3700-3100 ya (1700-1100 B.C.) Mycenae Early rulers of hilltop “palace towns” buried in pits or tunnels.

Mycenae

Mycenae tomb (University of Texas) and circular wall around tombs; overview of Mycenae from Images of the Past, 4th, p. 527.

Classics, UNC.edu Funeral found at Mycenae shaft burial (1800 B.C./3800 ya)

Heinrich Schliemann excavated in 1870s at Mycenae, falsely claiming this mask was that of , King of Mycenae. Gold rhyton in the shape of a lion's head from Grave IV of Grave; ivory goddess figurines with small child (3500-3600 ya). Rhyton (Greek ῥυτόν rutón) = ceremonial drinking cup shaped like an animal head or horn. archaeological sites in this region associated with places described by Greek poet(s), Homer

Helen and above; Troy and the Trojan War, Trustees of the British Museum. Achilles and Hector in battle above; Homer and the Iliad text (Library Thing Quest: The Iliad). The Destruction of Troy as Recounted in Homer’s Iliad (c. 1200 B.C.)

Maarten Van Heemskerck, 1536, L’enlevevement d’Helene; Adam Elsheimer 1600 Burning of Troy; inset is Schliemann. T ro y

M y c e n a e

Map of Aegan Sea region from Images of the Past, 4th, p. 521. Trojan Plain Using the Iliad as a documentary source, Schliemann started at Bounrabashi

Cosmovisions map gallery Hissarlik

Frank Calvert

19th-century drawing of Hissarlik mound before 1870s investigations

Hissarlik mound (just left of center) in 1794 Heinrich Schliemann works at Troy in 1871

The site of Troy as depicted by Schliemann's painter, William Simpson, in 1877, before Schliemann began "excavating." In the foreground, two Turkish gentlemen share a conversation, while in the background, Schliemann shows ruins to visitors. Schliemann claimed he found Priam’s treasure in the destruction layers from the Trojan War.

UNC.EDU: figurines and sauceboat Heinrich Schliemann’s wife, Sophia Engastromenos wearing golden earrings & necklaces found in Troy in 1873

UN Museum Heinrich Schliemann goes to Mycenae, 1873, Claiming in a telegram that he found the tomb of Agamemnon Heinrich Schliemann 1878 Returns to Hissarlik

UN Museum and Schliemann Museum 9 city levels at Hissarlik The level from 3300 ya (Homeric legend) is Layer 6 Aerial View of Hissarlik --Troy

An aerial view of Troy showing he results of a century of excavation. Schliemann's first excavation, the "great trench" is visible as the area carved into the upper central part of the mound (University of Arkansas). Troy VI, reconstruction

Troy VI, City Wall Is there archaeological evidence of a Trojan War?

Was There a Trojan War? May/June 2004 http://www.archaeology.org/0405/etc/troy.html The University of Tubingen excavations at Troy under the direction of Dr. Catalin “I have opened up a new world for archaeology…”

Heinrich Schliemann 1873