From Calarasi to Vidin: Common Borders, Common Solutions
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Federal Research Division Country Profile: Bulgaria, October 2006
Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Bulgaria, October 2006 COUNTRY PROFILE: BULGARIA October 2006 COUNTRY Formal Name: Republic of Bulgaria (Republika Bŭlgariya). Short Form: Bulgaria. Term for Citizens(s): Bulgarian(s). Capital: Sofia. Click to Enlarge Image Other Major Cities (in order of population): Plovdiv, Varna, Burgas, Ruse, Stara Zagora, Pleven, and Sliven. Independence: Bulgaria recognizes its independence day as September 22, 1908, when the Kingdom of Bulgaria declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire. Public Holidays: Bulgaria celebrates the following national holidays: New Year’s (January 1); National Day (March 3); Orthodox Easter (variable date in April or early May); Labor Day (May 1); St. George’s Day or Army Day (May 6); Education Day (May 24); Unification Day (September 6); Independence Day (September 22); Leaders of the Bulgarian Revival Day (November 1); and Christmas (December 24–26). Flag: The flag of Bulgaria has three equal horizontal stripes of white (top), green, and red. Click to Enlarge Image HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Early Settlement and Empire: According to archaeologists, present-day Bulgaria first attracted human settlement as early as the Neolithic Age, about 5000 B.C. The first known civilization in the region was that of the Thracians, whose culture reached a peak in the sixth century B.C. Because of disunity, in the ensuing centuries Thracian territory was occupied successively by the Greeks, Persians, Macedonians, and Romans. A Thracian kingdom still existed under the Roman Empire until the first century A.D., when Thrace was incorporated into the empire, and Serditsa was established as a trading center on the site of the modern Bulgarian capital, Sofia. -
Passage to Eastern Europe
11-Day Cruise Opportunity August 2020 BONUS: Reserving a berth by Jan 31 entitles passengers to FREE economy airfare! Ground transfers included with PASSAGE Viking Air Purchase. TO EASTERN EUROPE QUICK OVERVIEW with MONTPELIER SENIOR ACTIVITY DATES: 11-day Eastern Danube River CENTER (MSAC) and noted local cruise, departs August 10, 2020 photographer ANNIE TIBERIO SHIP: Viking’s Lofn, capacity 190 A less-traveled path featuring amazingly exotic, historic, and DEPARTS: Budapest, Hungary scenic opportunities. We will traverse the eastern Danube RETURNS TO: Bucharest, Romania and search out the wonders of Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, PRICING: Starts at $3,674/person Croatia, and Hungary. We begin in Budapest, Hungary, double occupancy reportedly one of the loveliest European cities, where we stay two nights to erase our jet lag. We move on to Kalocsa, Vukovar, Belgrade, Golbac, Vidin, Russe, and end in Bucharest, Romania. See Bucharest’s 3,000-room Palace of Parliament. Make banitsa bread with a home cook in Vidin. Explore Belgrade’s Ottoman and European treasures, including 6th- century Kalemegdan Fortress. View the Danube’s towering Iron Gate. Visit a Croatian family’s Osijek home. Witness Hungary’s daredevil Puszta horsemen. Behold Budapest’s grandeur. Once hidden behind the Iron Curtain, the eastern Danube still has secrets to reveal on this enriching cruise tour. OPTIONAL ON-BOARD LOGISTICS & DETAILS PHOTOGRAPHY SHIP DETAILS & ITINERARY INSTRUCTION Visit vikingrivercruises.com for WITH ANNIE TIBERIO complete details on the cruise line, our ship, itinerary, extra excursions, and virtual tours of accommodations & decks. VIKING AMENITIES INCLUDED: • One complimentary shore • 2 hotel nights in Budapest excursion in every port and 1 night in Bucharest • Free wifi with breakfasts • Beer, wine, soft drinks with • Performances, lectures, onboard lunch & dinner local cuisine • 24-hr specialty coffees, • Medieval castles, museums, teas, bottled water a thermal spa, palaces… • Port taxes & fees and so much more! WHAT TO DO RIGHT AWAY: 1. -
About Bulgaria
Source: Zone Bulgaria (http://en.zonebulgaria.com/) About Bulgaria General Information about Bulgaria Bulgaria is a country in Southeastern Europe and is situated on the Balkan Peninsula. To the north the country borders Rumania, to the east – the Black Sea, to the south – Turkey and Greece, and to the west – Yugoslavia and Macedonia. Bulgaria is a parliamentary republic with a National Assembly (One House Parliament) of 240 national representatives. The President is Head of State. Geography of Bulgaria The Republic of Bulgaria covers a territory of 110 993 square kilometres. The average altitude of the country is 470 metres above sea level. The Stara Planina Mountain occupies central position and serves as a natural dividing line from the west to the east. It is a 750 km long mountain range stretching from the Vrushka Chuka Pass to Cape Emine and is part of the Alpine-Himalayan mountain range. It reaches the Black Sea to the east and turns to the north along the Bulgarian-Yugoslavian border. A natural boundary with Romania is the Danube River, which is navigable all along for cargo and passenger vessels. The Black Sea is the natural eastern border of Bulgaria and its coastline is 378 km long. There are clearly cut bays, the biggest two being those of Varna and Bourgas. About 25% of the coastline are covered with sand and hosts our seaside resorts. The southern part of Bulgaria is mainly mountainous. The highest mountain is Rila with Mt. Moussala being the highest peak on the Balkan Peninsula (2925 m). The second highest and the mountain of most alpine character in Bulgaria is Pirin with its highest Mt. -
Bulgarian Contribution Towards the Development of the EU Strategy for the Danube Region
1 Bulgarian Contribution towards the Development of the EU Strategy for the Danube Region First Draft (22 February 2010) Introduction This document outlines the Bulgarian standpoint in the process of development of the European Union’s Strategy for the Danube Region. This new initiative coordinated by the European Commission, combines the efforts of regions and countries within the Danube drainage basin aiming at the acceleration of processes of economic and social cohesion, enhancement and expansion of territorial cooperation while effectively implementing the principles of the European cohesion policy at macro-regional level. Bulgaria believes that partnership among member-states, applicant countries and potential applicant countries taking part in the Strategy, is a key factor for the successful and purposeful achievement of priorities for increased competitiveness, innovation development, energy efficiency and territorial cohesion. Bulgaria fully supports the process of drafting of a joint Danube area development strategy in the context of European regional policy and expresses its will to take active part in it. The Danube region must be seen also as a natural connection between the Baltic Sea region, Black Sea region, Adriatic and Alpine regions. The Strategy for the Danube Region is a process that will provide for reduction of social and economic differences between countries and regions and will ensure competitive development of regional and local communities, establishment of sustainable partnerships, exchange of know-how, good innovation practices and multicultural dialogue. This first draft of the Bulgarian standpoint in the process of drafting of the European Strategy for the Danube Region outlines the understanding of the context, target framework and priorities that are of utmost importance for the development of the macro- region’s potential, including its Bulgarian part. -
Orient/East-Med Corridor
The Core Network Corridors Orient/east-Med COrridOr Hamburg – Berlin Rostock – Berlin – Dresden Bremerhaven/Wilhelmshaven – Magdeburg – Dresden Dresden – Ústí nad Labem – Melnik/Praha - Kolin Kolin – Pardubice – Brno – Wien/Bratislava – Budapest – Arad – Timişoara – Craiova – Calafat – Vidin – Sofia Sofia – Plovdiv – Burgas Plovdiv – TR border Sofia – Thessaloniki – Athina – Piraeus – Lemesos – Lefkosia Athina – Patra/Igoumenitsa Description This long northwest-south eastern corridor will connect central Europe with the maritime interfaces of the North, Baltic, Black and Mediterranean seas, allowing to optimise the use of the ports concerned and the related Motorways of the Sea. This corridor will integrate Priority Projects 7 and 22, ERTMS corridor E and Rail Freight Corridor 7 (RFC 7). It will foster the development of those ports as major multimodal logistic platforms and will improve the multimodal connections of major economic centres in Central Europe to the coastlines, using rivers such as the Elbe. The corridor will also provide the link to Cyprus. Main missing links Missing links are numerous, since most of the multimodal connections between Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania and Greece remain to be built or substantially upgraded. The Elbe also needs important upgrading to be able to attract traffic flows. Cross-border traffic management systems on rail and inland waterways are still to be implemented on many sections. Success stories Rail development along the north – south line from Budapest until Athens The Commission is already granting EU support for a study that will analyse traffic flows and potential development of a rail link that will connect Budapest with Sofia and Athens via Timisoara, Vidin-Calafat and Thessaloniki. The link is currently not fully operational and support is needed for creating the right preconditions for development along this line, preparing investments in the oncoming multi-annual financial framework. -