9L AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE * * JOURNAL * * 4s?r

25°/o REDUCTION TO DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR SERVICE

Under the pinnacled, cloud-draped roofs of this giant modern , every inch of space is devoted to one aim — your comfort! Such smooth, instantane¬ ous service, such charming rooms, such RATES AS LOW AS truly epicurean food as the Hotel New Yorker offers is hard to duplicate at $ low New Yorker rates. Make this trip 3 A DAY a far pleasanter one (thriftier as well) by Every room has both tub and shower, full-length mirrors, circulating ice water, stopping here. Direct tunnel connection Servidor, bed and dresser lamps, radio. Note: the special rate reduction applies only to to Pennsylvania Station and subways. rooms on -which the rate is $4 a day or more. HOTEL NEW YORKER AT EIGHTH AVENUE • CITY Directed by National Hotel Management Co., Inc ■ Ralph Hitz, President

HOTELS BOOK-CADILLAC, ; NETHERLAND PLAZA, ; VAN CLEVE, DAYTON JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

CONTENTS

COVER PICTURE: KARLUV TYN, CZECHOSLO¬ VAKIA (See also page 300)

ELEANOR ROOSEVELT—DIPLOMAT PAGE Thoughts of By Corinne Reid Frazier 285

A NEW ERA IN TRANSPORTATION By Henry S. Villard 289 WASHINGTON

PROWLING By Coert du Bois 292

BASQUE CONTRIBUTIONS TO MAGELLAN’S HIS¬ TORIC VOYAGE FOREIGN Service By William E. Chapman 295 Officers Have A Particular NATIONALITY OF BRITISH MARRIED WOMEN _ 297 Interest In The Many Activities of Government. “PRACTICAL LIBERALISM” The Secretary Speaks on the New Deal - 298 • When next you visit RESIGNATION OF THE EDITOR ______- 299 The Capital, stay at the insti¬ tution where international per¬ NEWS FROM THE DEPARTMENT 301 sonages reside and great events SAVE THE SURFACE AND YOU SAVE ALL occur. By L. B. B 303

NEWS FROM THE FIELD <_ 304 Single Rooms from $4

FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES __ 308 Double Rooms from $6

TEN YEARS AGO 310 Subject to a Diplomatic Discount BIRTHS AND MARRIAGES 311

IN MEMORIAM - 311

LATINS TRIM ETONS AT BASEBALL 312

RECREATIONS IN PARIS 313

A QUIET DAY WITH THE PRESS By M. J. McDermott 314

A POLITICAL BOOKSHELF—REVIEW OF “ON OUR WAY” By Cyril Wynne 316 HANDS ACROSS THE BORDER 318 PROPOSED RETURN OF HISTORIC MACE TO CAN¬ ADA —^ 319 INSULL EXTRADITION 320 STUDY IN ORANGE By Robert Janz 321 ON THE COURSE OF EVENTS By Henry L. Deimel, Jr 323 IN THE SHADOW OF THE SOUTH POLE—AND THE POORHOUSE By Carlos C. Hall 331 VISITING OFFICERS 336 281 Tjf^AMERI^rsLFQREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

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1To the Joreign Service Officers of the United States

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282 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

INDEX OF ADVERTISERS American Express Company 329 American Security and Trust Company . 309 Appleton and Cox, Inc. 310 SPEEDING the Bacardi 325 Baltimore Mail Line 318 Brewood 335 World’s Business Cathay Hotel—Shanghai _ - 325 Choiseul, Hotel de France et—Paris 325 Continental Hotel—Paris 325 Dunapalota Hotel—Budapest 325 Federal Storage Company 322 Firestone Tire and Rubber Company — 284 Goodyear Tire and Rubber Export Company 315 Grace, W. R., and Company 282 Harris and Ewing 335 Hungaria Hotel—Budapest 325 Huntington Press 282 Lafayette Hotel — 331 Storage and Warehouse Company 310 Martinique Hotel 321 Mayflower Hotel 281 Merchants Transfer and Storage Company 333 VERYWHERE ... on all sides . . . you hear Metro pole Hotel -Shanghai 325 E Middleton, Mrs. Lewis —. 310 it. The battle cry of RECOVERY. The clarion Munson Steamship Lines . . 311 call of the new era. The prayer of all people National Geographic Magazine 317 . . . of all countries. And the slogan of Under¬ New Yorker Hotel II Cover Pagani’s Restaurant—London 325 wood Elliott Fisher for years . . . “Speed the Palace-Ambassadeurs Hotel—Rome 325 World’s business.” Pan-American Airways, Inc 321 Park Lane Hotel—London 325 Underwood Elliott Fisher “Speeds the World’s 313 Business” by giving wings to the thoughts, the Powhatan Hotel .— 335 Ritz Hotel—Mexico City _ 325 words, the figures that are essential parts of busi¬ III Cover ness. Through Underwood Typewriters. Through Savoy-Plaza Hotel 313 Underwood Elliott Fisher Accounting Machines. Sea Captains’ Shop—Shanghai 325 Security Storage Company of Washington — 309 Through Underwood Sundstrand Adding-Figuring Socony-Vacuum Corporation .—_— 327 Machines. Through the supplies that are part of Strasbourg, Restaurant Brasserie de—Marseilles 325 them. Terminus Hotel—Marseilles 325 Tyner, E. J 333 Underwood Elliott Fisher not only sells office Underwood Elliott Fisher Company ... 283 machines . . . Underwood Elliott Fisher services United Fruit Company 331 United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company. 282 them for life! United States Lines 311 von Zielinski, Carl M. J. 282 TYPEWRITER DIVISION Waldorf-Astoria Hotel IV Cover Willard Hotel 319 UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY Woodward and Lothrop 320 Homer Building, 601 13th Street N. W. Washington, D. C. SALES AND SERVICE EVERYWHERE To patronize our advertisers is to insure a bigger and better Journal The UNDERWOOD STANDARD .... Model No. 6 for our Service.

283 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

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Copyright, 1934, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. 284 FOREIGN S JOURNAL

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION

VOL. XI, No. 6 WASHINGTON, D. C. JUNE, 1934

Eleanor Roosevelt — Diplomat

By CORINNE REID FRAZIER

WHEN Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt announced It was nearly ten o’clock, and they looked a trifle that she would receive members of the press weary, but determined—they were there to “cover” for weekly conferences at the White House, hands, as much of her activities as they could. figuratively, were lifted in horror at the mere With the most natural cordiality in the world, thought of such a contact. Mrs. Roosevelt stepped through her doorway and No President’s wife had ever spoken directly to greeted the reporters. the press—that is, for direct quotation. No First “Do come inside,” she said. “I didn’t know you Lady had ever granted so much as one interview were waiting out there.” And she ushered them during her occupation of the famous mansion on into a flower filled sitting room where, with the ut¬ Pennsylvania Avenue. Yet, here was a White most informality, she held her first Washington House mistress proposing to grant not one, but press conference. That same note of informality many interviews- proposing, in fact, to establish has pervaded them ever since. regular contact with the fourth estate. Incredible! Her initial meeting with the press was not many Most unwise! One shuddered to think of the minutes old before the correspondents learned one possibilities rule, stated tactfully, but in no uncertain terms. Refusing to share either the shudders or the fear A question was put to Mrs. Roosevelt concern¬ that inspired them, Eleanor Roosevelt serenely pro¬ ing Mr. Roosevelt’s opinion on some political sub¬ ceeded with her “incredible” policy. ject. With a smile that was graciousness itself, She would receive the press each Monday morn¬ Mrs. Roosevelt replied, ing at eleven o’clock, she announced, and at any “You had better ask my husband that.” Then other time that circumstances made it seem advis¬ she added, “I think we had better understand each able to grant an interview. One member of each other thoroughly right from the beginning, on this accredited daily and one representative from each one point. I can at no time answer questions for of the national news services would be welcome to my husband—or about him.” attend these conferences. To persist in asking such questions, we gathered, She even held a pre-inaugural conclave—although would result in the permanent withdrawal of the this was not on the books. It just happened, as a offending scribe from the conference group. lot of things happen in Mrs. Roosevelt’s life. Thus was the law laid down, pleasantly, but with That incident served, at the outset, to reveal Elea¬ no less firmness behind the words which have been nor Roosevelt to “her press” as the supreme respected to the letter. To rob the incident of any diplomatist that she is. It was during the rush of personal sting, she smiled directly at the one who last-minute arrangements on the evening of March put the query, as she asked, “Is there anything you 3rd, while numerous friends and political advisors would like to know about my plans?” were calling at the President-elect’s suite in the * * * Mayflower Hotel in Washington, that Mrs. Roose¬ Mrs. Roosevelt’s weekly conferences are a liberal velt, bowing out some dignitary, noticed a group of education, no more through the subjects brought up newspaperwomen keeping vigil outside her door. by the correspondents than for the ideas originating 285 HE Hi T AMEmcAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL jgj from the First Lady herself, who couples a keen knowledge and understanding of economic and so¬ news sense with the most remarkable fund of gen¬ cial questions is a continual source of amazement eral knowledge it has been my privilege—and that to those who know the details of her crowded life, of others far better informed than I—to encounter. and wonder when she finds the necessary time to A philosopher once remarked that a man's wis¬ inform herself so thoroughly. dom is not to be measured in terms of what he Mrs. Roosevelt speaks with utter frankness at all knows—but in terms of the scope of his sources of times. Often, she speaks “off the record,” in order knowledge. Judged by this standard, Eleanor to give the press the proper background for a state¬ Roosevelt is one of the “wise men” of her age. She ment she is about to make, or to make clear her has been described by many who know her well as reason for not responding to some query. Her “off “the most intelligent woman in America.” She is the record” comments are not for publication and, much more than this. She has used her intelligence with one notable exception, have been observed to develop a system of fact-gathering which places faithfully as such by her hearers. When, once, her on the higher plane of scholar and savant— through an unfortunate error, one scribe failed rare individual in this hit-or-miss age! to omit the “off the record” remarks from her A wide and varied range of subjects is discussed story. Mrs. Roosevelt showed her breadth of mind in her Monday morning sessions with the press. A in the graciousness with which she accepted the much wider range is brought to her attention in the explanation and apology for an offense which has other of her multiple activities. Yet, she has never not since been repeated. been known to be wholly without an answer to any It is the unfailing bigness and generosity of her query put to her. If she lacks information on a attitude which has won for her her strongest pro¬ subject, she tactfully postpones discussion of it un¬ tection against exploitation and misrepresentation til she finds time to reach out to one of the count¬ —the deep affection and loyalty of the half-hun¬ less sources of information she has at her fingertips dred women who are entitled to a seat within the -—and acquire an intelligent background. Her conference circle. The indescribable bond between

MRS. ROOSEVELT RECEIVES THE PRESS 286 the First Lady and expressive hand. her press has been The momentary created by her as twinkle flickering unconsciously a s in deep blue eyes one creates body revealed the in¬ fuel from the air war d amusement one breathes. For with which she re¬ Mrs. Roosevelt is gards the never- that rare being— ending flow of an insti n c t i v e character picturi- diplomatist. zations with which There are many all types of writ¬ people who have ers are constantly an instinct for di¬ seeking to give to plomacy and culti¬ the world some vate it assiduously. faint reflection of There are others the personality who study the ef¬ they find so varied fects of a “diplo¬ in fascination and matic front,” and charm. then consciously, One could al- painstakingly, a c - m o s t hear her quire it for their mental chuckle . . . own purposes. But, “S o, Em that, Mrs. Roosevelt, one too?” feels, is diplomatic She did not even without thought or trouble to c o m - calculation — sim¬ ment aloud. The ply because it is a subject of Eleanor part of her nature Roosevelt is not a to do or say the favorite one with thing that will be her. the most consider¬ ate of others. Even But she has a refusal from her much to say of cer¬ lips loses its sharp tain other Ameri- edge — so gently c a n diplomats— and reasonably is the members of the need for re¬ our Foreign Serv¬ fusal explained. ice, whose respon- s i b i 1 i t y in the That is the in¬ maintenance o f nermost secret of our friendly rela¬ her charm. tions with the na¬

* * * tions of the world she recognizes ful¬ When told that ly, and whose serv¬ an article was to ices to our own be written about citizens, she as one Eleanor Roosevelt o f these citizens —diplomat, the who has often had lady in question occasion to call merely smiled dep- upon their good recatingly and offices, appreciates tossed aside the to the utmost. idea with a ges¬ Harris & Ewing “One cannot es¬ ture of her long, MRS. FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT timate too highly 287 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

the performance of those countless routine duties which smooth the way for the often bewildered traveler and give him a sense of security, and a feeling of the power of Uncle Sam’s long arm that his brothers at home, so closely within its protect¬ ing circle, often fail entirely to appreciate. "To travelers in foreign countries, there is noth¬ ing which means more than to find a helpful and cooperative representative in our consular or diplo¬ matic office,” Mrs. Roosevelt declares. “If you have business, they guide you, and if you are merely sightseers, they make your stay much more pleasant. “The Foreign Service is like a bit of home in the far-away places—ready to welcome you wherever you set your foot ashore. My most recent expe¬ riences, during my trip to Puerto Rico, brought home this fact to me. My first welcome always was from some of our representatives, and I found them in every case most courteous and considerate, and anxious to do everything possible to make things agreeable, not only for me, but for my friends. “It gives you a warm feeling around your heart to step ashore at some foreign port and be greeted by a frank American smile—and a good American handshake. More power to those of our diplomatic and Consular service, who always have that smile waiting—and that hand ready to lend us aid.”

MRS. ROOSEVELT WELCOMES PRIME MINISTER RAMSAY MACDONALD TO THE WHITE HOUSE the importance of the effect our foreign service has upon the attitude of other nations toward us,” Mrs. Roosevelt comments. “Our foreign service repre¬ sentatives are called upon often to explain our ac¬ tions abroad which frequently would otherwise seem incomprehensible over there; also, to inter¬ pret for us the attitudes of other nations which we could not possibly understand, save through the medium of that interpretation. “Their dual task is a difficult one, and the ability with which they accomplish it is the measure of their value to us. They are the interpreters of the American spirit abroad and as such are of vital importance in our international relations.” As a citizen who has traveled extensively abroad, both in a private and official capacity, Mrs. Roose¬ International News Photo velt has had frequent occasion to feel grateful to MRS. ROOSEVELT GREETED AT PORT AU PRINCE members of our foreign corps in far-away ports BY THE PRESIDENT OF HAITI AND HIS SISTER, for their welcome presence and efficient service in MADEMOISELLE RESIA VINCENT 288 A New lira in Transportation

By HENRY S. VILLARD, Department of State

THINGS are brewing in the transportation in¬ faced with the dustry. On land, on sea and in the air manu¬ choice of mak¬ facturers are striving to give the public better ing an answer service, cheaper fares and greater speed, and the to the call of competition among carriers is growing steadily the highway keener. We are all familiar with the inroads which and the air or bus and airplane transportation have made on the else of pretty business of the railroads, with the tooth and nail nearly going rivalry of steamship companies, and with the ever- out of busi- increasing use of the private automobile to go n e s s entirely. places; and we are taking as a matter of course all And the an¬ sorts of refinements in travel comfort deliberately swer is being contrived to win our patronage. But that old faith¬ made—in the ful of modern United States Photo from means of trans¬ as well as Chicago, Burlington port, the rail¬ abroad — in and Quincy road, has been the form of Railroad Co. chugging along the stream¬ THE without any ap¬ lined train. BURLINGTON “ZEPHYR” parent attempt The average to preserve its conception of clientele, with an American railway train is, in ninety-nine cases, d i m i n i s h i n g that of a furiously belching locomotive drawing a freight returns string of noisy, pounding cars where the cinders and meagre pas¬ pour in through such windows as can be opened senger lists, un¬ and the atmosphere is either too hot or too cold til today it is where they can’t. A mile a minute seems like a prodigious effort of speed and the 17 hours and 45 BLUNT NOSE minutes in which the Twentieth Century Limited OF THE U. P. TRAIN STREAMLINED TRAIN OF THE UNION PACIFIC BELOW: MEALS ARE BROUGHT TO THE PASSENGERS Photo Courtesy German Tourist Information Office, N. Y. “THE HANSEATIC EXPRESS” POPULARLY CALLED “THE FLYING HAMBURGER” negotiates the run between Chicago and New York between the is still the marvel of the rails and the admiration engine of the schoolboy. That is the picture when you room of a look at the scene as a whole, but beginning with p owe rful the summer of 1934 it is destined gradually to fade. yacht and a Coincidently with the introduction of the stream¬ new- fan¬ lined automobile, the streamlined train has made gled electric its debut—and the change is going to be nothing trolley, and less than revolutionary. if he looked Imagine a train in which one rides smoothly and at the in- comfortably, in perfectly air - conditioned cars, st r u m e n t drawn by an engine burning oil or a distillate com¬ board in pound at the dizzy pace of nearly 100 miles per front of his hour, without drafts, without sun glare, and with seat he meals served at your seat instead of in a crowded, would prob¬ swaying diner. “Tomorrow’s train today” is what ably feel Photo Courtesy German Tourist Information Office, N. Y. the Union Pacific calls its new high-speed, light¬ that he had THE “FLYING HAMBURGER” weight, streamlined train, which made its first pub¬ been made lic appearance in February of this year and which the pilot of a transcontinental plane by mistake. admirably fills the specifications just mentioned. Gone is the antiquated boiler, and so is the roman¬ Th is three-car unit of aluminum alloy, the first of tic throttle; gone is the coal-laden tender at the two orders placed with the Pullman Car & Manu¬ rear. In their place is a 600 h.p., 12-cylinder, dis¬ facturing Corporation, bears no more resemblance tillate-burning motor with electric transmission, to its ponderous predecessor of steam engine and capable, it is expected, of pushing up the speed¬ plush coaches than the latest tri-motored air trans¬ ometer to some 110 miles an hour; a dual system port does to the original Wright biplane. In the of super-brakes, of what is termed a fool-proof type, first place, its entire weight is equal only to that of carries with it a “decelerometer"—the function of one conventional Pullman car and its strength is which is to equalize brake pressure on every wheel, the same as if it were made of steel. Secondly, it to admit maximum pressure but to prevent locked presents an exterior scientifically designed to slash wheels. Air, oil, water, fuel, speed and electric wind resistance to a minimum, where even the vesti¬ gauges are in front of the engineer’s eyes, and elec¬ bule steps are drawn up when the train is in motion. tric signals afford communication between him and And thirdly, it has been built to cover distance at a the train crew. No need—in fact no chance—to pace which will make the crack flyers of the big stick his head out of the cab and wave to small modern rail systems look as if they were hauling boys on the roadside; through shatter-proof glass box-cars F. 0. B. from Detroit or the early morning at the nose of the train he has an unobstructed view load of milk. in all directions save behind — and a periscope Casey Jones would have a hard job to orient would probably have been installed for that pur¬ himself in the cab of this strange demon of the pose had it been considered necessary. Windshield rails. He might, in fact, think he was in a cross wiper, a brilliant fog-piercing headlight, and warn- 290 mg signals of siren and electric gong complete the ners or joints and providing greater resistance to equipment controlling the operation of the train. wear and tear on the metal. The stainless steel used Back of the engine is the mail and baggage com¬ as material is said to be characterized by light partment, and back of that first unit are the two weight, great ruggedness, high tensile strength and coaches furnishing seats for 116 passengers. No non-corrosive qualities which render painting un¬ dirt, no drafts, no uncalled-for changes in tempera¬ necessary. In appearance the “Zephyr” is like a ture are possible in the air-conditioned interior; silver shaft, whereas the Union Pacific’s creation of shatter-proof glass of a special formula takes the aluminum alloy is painted a canary yellow with glare out of the sunlight by day and indirect light¬ trimmings of golden brown. The latter, from a ing soothes the eye of the pampered traveler by distance, looks something like a caterpillar—except night. Individual tables installed at each seat upon in its velocity of travel. request are an innovation which does away with the The rate at which these streamlined juggernauts dining car: meals prepared in a buffet kitchen are annihilate distance may be all very well, says the served from a combination tea-cart and steam table uninitiated observer, but what about safety? The by waiters passing through the aisles, and when the answer to that lies in the use of light weight metal table is cleared it may be used at will as a writing developed in the laboratory, after extensive re¬ desk. A simple color scheme of blue, with chairs search, for maximum strength; in the application trimmed in aluminum and upholstered in a golden of new braking principles; and in the low-slung brown tapestry effect, makes the interior more like center of gravity which enables the train to hug the a sample of modern decorative art than the accus¬ rails, gives it requisite balance and tends to avoid tomed coach or Pullman in existence these many side sway when rounding curves. And what about years. noise and smoothness of ride? That too is taken Hard on the wheels, or rather the bullet-shaped care of by the introduction of novel structural prin¬ tail, of the Union Pacific’s new pride and joy has ciples. Careful insulation and trucks designed to come the Burlington “Zephyr,” a three-car train of incorporate the use of rubber to the fullest possible stainless steel turned out in April of this year by extent, together with the use of roller bearings, the Edward G. Budd Manufacturing Company for help to cut off the noise and permit conversation in the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. It a tone which would be drowned out in an ordinary is powered by a two-cycle, straight eight, 600 h.p. train careening over the ties at anything above forty Diesel engine using non-explosive oil for fuel, and miles an hour. The riding quality is vastly im¬ in its make-up and general appearance closely re¬ proved by achieving “articulation” between the sembles its rival on the Union Pacific. Seats are cars; that is to say, the cars are hinged together provided for 72 passengers, the rear half of the last with only one truck and with closed vestibules be¬ car being a spacious lounge and observation salon. tween each two cars. The “Zephyr,” for instance, On its test run in New Jersey it streaked over the has only sixteen wheels altogether, whereas the con¬ tracks at 104 miles an hour, proving conclusively ventional three-car train would have thirty-six. It that the elimination of “drag” or wind resistance to will be an unique sensation, to say the least, for heavy rolling stock of the typical old-style train is American travelers to be spared the terrifying jerks an economy all along the line. Windows are sealed, and jolts due to the “slack” between the platforms of course, for air-conditioning and thermostatic of an ordinary train. control of temperature. All passenger compart¬ That the American public is ready—and eager— ments are wired for radio. to be shown the comfort, the conveniences and the The “Zephyr,” in its method of construction, (Continued to page 328) makes use of the up-to- date “shot-weld” process of electric welding, wherein its steel plates , , and parts are secured, not by riveting, but by “shots” of electric current precisely timed. This, it is claimed, results in ab¬ solute uniformity in welds which occur as close to¬ gether as the stitches in a seam, thus obviating fa¬ Photo Courtesy Hallways of France tiguing “play” at the cor¬ THE FRENCH STREAMLINE “AUTOMOTRICE” 291 PROWLIXG

By COERT DU Bois, Consul General, Naples

HEN a Mediterranean relieved and going back to the bar. That isn’t the cruise ship slides in and way I like to see Naples. ties up at the Molo Be- I prefer to prowl down through the worst parts verello, hundreds of of Old Naples (or best, to my mind ) and sit in at a numbered motor ears table in front of a wine shop and pass the time of are waiting. Chauffeurs, day with the citizenry of the quarter. Or poke excited officials and fa- through the sacristy of an old church out into the chini are talking ninety cloister and garden behind where you may run on strokes to the minute in to a tomb-statue of a Knight in chain mail dating incomprehensible d i a - back to the 1300’s. Or ramble through a fish mar¬ lect. You go aboard with ket at night lit by torches and see the weird looking the Capo della Pubblica fish—some with Christmas-tree-size colored electric Sicurezza of the Port light bulbs in their eye-sockets splatted out on mar¬ looking for the Ameri¬ ble booths the fronts of which are carved with most can citizen who has gone extraordinary fishing scenes. Or eat a fresh cooked crazy or lost her pass¬ “pizza”—a Neapolitan bannock the shape and con¬ port, or both, that you sistency of a small felt chair-seat with dabs of to¬ got a wireless about. mato and anchovies and mozzarella cheese and gar¬ The tourists are huddled lic on top of it—at an iron table on the sidewalk in about in groups with glazed eyes, looking like an front of a “pizzeria.” Or take a very smelly sub¬ “abandon ship” drill, grasping their printed orders urban trolley out to the west of the town and poke of the day in one hand and their passports in the around in any one of the several Roman military other. Rushing from group to group are sweating tunnels that the Emperor Augustus cut through the cruise directors shouting, “A Group file out first! ridges that lie between his old villa on the Posillipo Take cars numbers 1 to 63 for the Amalfi drive! Point and the Roman naval base at Misenum. B Group to the left for the Pompeii and Vesuvius You take the Piazza Mercato down near the Port trips! C Group does a tour of the city including and just inside the old Angevin walls—or where the Museum, the Aquarium and San Martino! D they used to be—where Conrad in, the Hohenstaufen Group, independent action!” The Groups hump heir to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, was be¬ their shoulders and file off, D Group only looking headed in 1268 and Mas’aniello set up his court of

Coert du Bois FISHING BOAT, NAPLES 292 THE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL beggars after his successful revolution in 1647. As one of these ancient one-handed clocks with a beau¬ you wander through a narrow street leading to it tiful majolica face is the inconspicuous entrance of you pass a heroic-size Greek marble female head the small dingy church of San Giovanni a Mare. In (with no nose) on a short lava column planted by the floor to the right of the altar is a grating under a house wall. No one knows how old it is or where which is a human skull not in very good condition. it came from but it is called the Cap’o Napoli and It seems this was just a spare skull found when they local public opinion will not permit its removal to were digging some kind of a foundation near the the Museum or anywhere else or misfortune to church some 300 odd years ago and they packed it Naples will follow. over and put it in the floor of the church. Passers- Just beyond an arch over the street in which is by have dropped a casual prayer over it ever since,

Coert du Bois SANTA LUCIA BASIN 293 JHE AMERICAN pOREtGN gERVICE JOURNAL

the accumu¬ of toes. lated effect Charles o f of which A n j o u through the threw Ni¬ centuries colo off the has prayed Pos il lipo it out of cliff once to Purgatory see how the and into pillars that Heaven. held up Therefore Sicily were the soul of standing the this un¬ strain. H e known is w a s under now among water a the elect. week and Every Tues¬ then came day after back and morning said the mass, the middle one women of w7 a s crack- the quarter, i n g . He mostly fish started o n mongers’ his last un¬ wives, hold dersea j o b their own about 1350 Litany over A. D. but this skull. got caught You can in the river buy a short that runs fat candle beneath all for two lire the seas and and sit in. PORTA CAPUANA Coert du Bois hasn’t got¬ The M is- ten back tress of Ceremonies, a hard looking old girl, starts yet. The Neapolitans expect him any day now. a sort of a chant, rocking back and forth, and the Best preserved and best looking of all the old rest join in. Requests and petitions may be prof¬ gates is the Porta Capuana, the northeast bastion of fered by any participant but they have to be sung the Angevin wall. It has two flanking towers, loop¬ in a high nasal voice and in the lowest Neapolitan holes for arrow and arquebus , and a horrible dialect. You can ask for a baby or relief from Baroque marble virgin and St. Gennaro (or some¬ stomach trouble or a bigger and better husband or body) planted on what was the main battlement. more luck with the fishing or anything you like. Outside along what used to be the road to Capua The Saint who used to wear the skull is supposed is a sort of Thieves’ Market where at little booths to pass these requisitions along to General Head¬ you can buy, if you have need of them, mouse traps quarters. or toy balloons or Japanese rubber dolls or screw Tracing out the old city walls takes you through drivers or electric light bulbs. Further on there is some interesting quarters. The Via Mezzacannone an entrancing fish market with octopus and (street of the Half Cannon—wTiatever that was) shrimps and eels and all manner of curiously used to be the ditch outside the first Greek wall shaped fish tastefully displayed. It is here that the around the ancient city of Neopolis. A bit of the Bourbon King, Ferdinand IV of Naples, used to old wall is still there surrounded by an iron paling sell the fish he had caught in the Bay the day be¬ -—big blocks of trachite cut to a hair and fitted to¬ fore, yelling and haggling with the housewives and gether without mortar. High up on a house front getting as good a price as any fishwife—and then in this street is a stone plaque on which is carved a throwing his day’s receipts into the middle of the likeness of Nicolo Pesce, a Neapolitan demi-god road for the crowd to scramble for. Not very royal, whose body was covered with scales like a carp but very human, w7as our Ferdinand, and, to my and whose feet finished off in fish tails instead (Continued to page 333) 294 Basque Contributions to Magellan’s Historic Voyage

By WILLIAM E. CHAPMAN, Consul, Bilbao

WHEN Ferdinand Magellan “boomed” his sa¬ the gunpowder he used was also manufactured lute to the Pacific Ocean on November 27, at the little Basque town of Fuenterrabia on 1520, after passing from the Atlantic through the the Bay of Biscay, some eighty miles east of strait since bearing his name, he used cannon Bilbao in the Province of Guipuzcoa, near the that had been manufactured at Bilbao by Basque French Border. industrials of North Spain. Thus, more than one Besides the guns and gunpowder several items year after he had sailed from Spain, Magellan of provisions were taken on board at Bilbao found the shortest western water route to the Pa¬ and in a history of the Basque people it is cific Ocean prior to the inauguration of the Pana¬ asserted that the invoices of Magellan’s Bilbao ma Canal, following dark months he had been purchases are still in existence, but the place forced to spend on the east coast of South Amer¬ of their preservation is not indicated. ica on account of the dissensions of his crews, More than that, of the sailors who manned which so nearly obliged him to turn back to the five vessels (the Trinidad, the San Antonio, Spain in abandonment of further exploration. the Concepcion, the Santiago, and the Victoria) That spectacular rejoicing occurred twenty-eight composing Magellan’s fleet, 35 were native years after the first voyage of Columbus to Amer¬ Basques, who we shall see were as staunch in ica and one hundred years before the weary Pil¬ aiding Magellan in his great adventure as they grims began contributing toward the making of have been able in the defence of their capital the Western Hemisphere, but already the persever¬ city. Other nationalities represented in the crews ance of the Basque people had caused Bilbao to are recorded to have been as follows: Portu¬ become known as a natural seaport and a manu¬ guese, 37; Italians, 30 or more; French, 19; Eng¬ facturing center. So it came about that Magellan lish, 1; Germans, 1. The remaining seamen appear and his officers and supporters decided that the to have been Spaniards from southern Spain. ships they had selected with which to try to dis¬ If the Basques may not be classed as warlike cover a west passage to the East Indies, should it is also true that they are not predominantly come to Bilbao to be armed before proceeding a seafaring race, even though among those living overseas. The manufacture of cannon should not in the coast towns there have always been nu¬ be taken as indicating that the Basques were by merous rugged seamen including those who long nature warlike, in fact they have always been a ago were renowned as whale fishermen in the peace loving people. However, they did then build primitive artillery which could be used in war¬ fare, and have today small factories, which have been in operation for centuries, producing small arms as fine in design and quality as any in the world. In time of need they have turned these arms against aggressors. The Basques have always been a people of res¬ olute nationalism and unwavering faith in them¬ selves. These qualities have prevailed and have been stoutly and triumphantly defended by them. In an article headed “Basques” in the Encyclo¬ pedia Britannica it is stated: “The failure to take Bilbao was the turning point in both the Carlist wars.” From time to time the city has been at¬ tacked or actually besieged, but never conquered, and it was but natural that such ardent defenders of their principles and their country should con¬ tribute nobly toward helping Magellan in his Foto Ojanguren, Bibar great undertaking to conquer unknown seas. E1BAR. GUIPUZCOA, SPAIN. AN INDUSTRIAL TOWN At Bilbao. Magellan took on board not only PRODUCING ARMS, INCRUSTED GOLD JEWELRY cannon which were mounted on his ships but AND MORE DEFINITELY MODERN ARTICLES 295 THE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

been successful in practically all occupations and professions. The Magellan expedition developed a magnifi¬ cent example of Basque seamanship in the case of Juan Sebastian Elcano (erroneously called Uel Cano, by some writers), who as a result of having been chosen to go with Magellan was the first sea captain to circumnavigate the globe, a dream which sadly enough Magellan himself failed to realize. Elcano was a true Basque born in the small coastal village of Guetaria not far from the place where the gunpowder for the expedition was made. After loading at Bilbao the fleet wrent around to southern Spain for the final preparations for Foto Ojanguren, Eibar departure and Magellan set out from Seville REPUTED COAT OF ARMS OF MIGUEL LOPEZ on September 20, 1519. On September 6, 1522, LEGAZPI, FOUNDER OF MANILA, P. I. almost exactly three years later, Captain Elcano returned to Seville with the Victoria which was turbulent waters of the Bay of Biscay. In this the only one of the original five vessels to com¬ respect we should not forget those Basques who plete the voyage. are said to have been the first to establish cod Of the original crews there were only 31 men, of fishing as an industry across the Atlantic Ocean, whom eight were Basques, aboard the Victoria along the coast of Newfoundland. It should be when it returned to Seville. Magellan himself had remembered, too, that as early as the year 1300 been killed on April 27, 1521, while exploring the shipbuilding as an industry was commenced at Island of Cebu of the Philippine Archipelago. The Bilbao and has progressed up to the present others who were missing lost their lives in various time, and that soon they were building ships ways or gradually disappeared. for trade with Ireland, England, continental, In generous recognition of Captain Elcano’s and African countries. great achievement King Charles V honored him by a gift of 500 ducados of gold and the right However, many more of the Basques have, to use a coat of arms bearing an engraving rep¬ through their love for herding their sheep upon resenting the earth and having inscribed upon a thousand hills of their country, proven them¬ it “Primus Circundediste Me.” The great de¬ selves to be essentially a pastoral people whose votion of the Basques to heraldry was then some¬ very beings seem to pulsate in cadence with the where near its highest reach in the period of rustic impulses of nature in the great out-of- its ascendency and likely that wTas the reason doors. More of them have always found health why the King thought to make a coat of arms and happiness in the open upon the perpetually a royal tribute to honor Elcano for his success. green foothills of the Pyrenees. By the same token the King’s authorization to Indeed there were Basques who took part in use the coat of arms must have been regarded pushing our frontier westward to the Pacific by Elcano and all of his relatives, friends, and Ocean, and of the hundreds of them who are other admirers as much the superior of the two now' living in the United States no group stands royal bestowals. It is recorded that at about the out so prominently as that now engaged in beginning of the thirteenth century the practice herding sheep in the mountain solitudes of our of heraldry became and remained for a great northwestern states. The Basques who form that length of time a matter of high honor, pride group are among the best shepherds in North and distinction in some parts of Europe and America. there are indications that the country inhabited In earlier times the living of the Basques de¬ by the Basques, particularly that which is now pended much upon their fishing in the Bay of the Province of Navarra, fell wdthin the scope Biscay, as it still does in a lesser degree. It of the thirteenth century and subsequent her¬ has been but natural of so hardy and so indus¬ aldic developments. Even today one needs only trious a people that some navigators of out¬ to drive along any one of the many highways standing ability, and many good ordinary sea¬ in the Basque provinces to see many old houses men, wmuld go forth to take their places in bearing armorial shields built conspicuously into the wrorld’s maritime affairs. their front walls and facing outward, evidenc¬ The Basques are decidedly versatile and have ing that there was a time w'hen heraldry wras 296 towards attracting summer tourists who prefer a quiet retreat in a picturesque setting. In the city of Manila stand monuments to both Magellan and Legaspi, erected before the United States took over the Philippines from Spain. There, when strolling by one or the other statue one may pause for a few moments of meditation upon the in¬ scriptions and the unpretentious figures to reflect upon the significance to the rest of mankind of the brave exploits of the hardy heroes whose names and majestic deeds these memorials were erected to honor and to perpetuate. NATIONALITY OF BRITISH WOMEN MARRIED Foto Ojanguren, Eibar TO ALIENS BASQUE COUNTRY HOUSE Many members of the Anglo-American commu¬ Coat of Arms Above Arch nity will be affected by the provisions of the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act, which recently became law. American wives of British subjects the subject of very marked attention and devo¬ and British wives of Americans are affected as tion. In fact occasional new buildings are follows: erected with a new or an old coat of arms set British women who, though married to Amer¬ if practicable in the front wall over the main icans, did not become American citizens by nat¬ entrance exactly after the manner of earlier uralization before November 17, 1933, have auto¬ times. matically become British subjects again. Basque heraldry has always been more for They are not required to take any steps in the the purpose of marking family distinction, and matter, and may obtain British passports from the particularly exclusiveness, than the royal right Passport Office, Dartmouth Street, Westminster, S. to use a coat of arms, as granted in England four or five centuries ago. Furthermore, there W. 1, or from any British Consid, in exactly the same way as any other British subject. was apparently a belief on the part of many of the Basques that prophetic and safeguarding Similarly, the wife of a man who becomes an spirits dwelled within the armorial symbol it¬ American citizen by naturalization does not lose self. her British nationality, and may continue to hold Under these considerations it is assumed that a British passport. Captain Elcano’s right to use the coat of arms But when a man becomes naturalized in a for¬ of a design specified by his King, meant more eign State, and that naturalization includes his to him than any decoration our country can British wife, she may retain her British nationality award in recognition of conspicuous achievement by making a declaration within twelve months, would mean to many Americans. even though, under the laws of the other State, she In addition to Juan Sebastian Elcano, Magellan also enjoys its nationality. had another Basque as a ship captain. This Naturalization of a man as a British subject after was Juan de Elorriaga, who was in command of December 31, 1933, does not include his alien wife, the San Antonio. who may, however, acquire British nationality by Next in importance to Captain Elcano, of making a declaration within twelve months. those of the Basque race playing important roles An American citizen’s British wife, becoming a in the Magellan adventure, was Miguel Lopez naturalized American citizen in her own right as Legaspi (or Legazpi) who, after Magellan’s assas¬ a citizen of her husband’s country, will not lose her sination, abandoned the expedition and founded British nationality, and will enjoy dual nationality the city of Manila. History shows that Legaspi died —American and British—and thus be on an equal there on August 20, 1572. Legaspi was born at Zu- footing with the American woman married to an marraga, in the Province of Guipuzcoa. Zumar- Englishman. raga is traversed by the main highway between Those wishing to make the declaration referred Bilbao and Spain’s summer capital and most to above should apply to the British Home Office. popular summer resort, San Sebastian. The —Anglo-American News, London, England, Janu¬ little town has in recent years made progress ary, 1934. 297 "'Practical Liberalism*9

THE SECRETARY SPEAKS ON THE NEW DEAL

THE vision of Secretary of State Cordell Hull indebtedness amounts to $50,000,000,000, or more, was clearly revealed in his address, “The of which a large part is in default. Path to Recovery,” on April 23, 1934, to the mem¬ "It is my unalterable opinion . . . that in our bers of the Associated Press in , own country, we can and should effect economic upon which he received a flood of congratulations and social rehabilitation to the extent dictated by and hundreds of telegrams and editorials indicat¬ policies of sound liberalism, and at the same time ing the existence of widespread appreciation of the preserve all the fundamentals of popular Govern¬ philosophy and practice of the New Deal which ment. This is the very essence of the New Deal.” he exemplifies so well. Discussing international trade, a subject on Mr. Hull said that the freedom of the press is which he is a recognized authority, the Secretary abridged almost universally today and that in a said, in part: number of important countries the press is con¬ “Still another objective is the restoration of trolled by the Governments, the military or politi¬ normal commercial intercourse with our foreign cal censors, manufacturers of war materials, or by neighbors, on terms of friendship, equality, and foreign subsidies, but that it was a matter of con¬ mutual profit. World standards of living are gratulation that the United States has a free press. bound further to decline rather than rise, with¬ The significant statements of the Secretary in¬ out the restoration and expansion of international cluded the following: trade. . . . The problems of international trade “Our own country urgently needs a moral and are at the very core of this country’s economic spiritual awakening. . . . Any permanent govern¬ dilemma. . . . No less vital is the connection be¬ mental structure erected by a free people must rest tween international commerce and our national upon solid moral and spiritual foundations. . . . finances. The state of our international trade will If the people of this country will indicate that be an important factor in determining the ulti¬ these high ideals are their first objective, one mate value of our currency ...” could with all the more definiteness point to a The closing words of the Secretary might well sound economic philosophy and a wise political serve as the preface to any textbook of American system. . . . The individual citizen, therefore, history and be acceptable to Americans of all would logically inquire first where he himself is political and religious faiths: going. The . . . question of where the Govern¬ “I believe implicitly that the unquenchable spirit ment is going would then practically be answered which inspired those who waged the five-hundred- in like terms and like spirit. year contest for Anglo-Saxon liberty, still exists “We . . . understand the necessity of proceeding in the minds and hearts of our American people. with a mind open to all reasonable proposals, I love to read the story of those irrepressible but with cautious concern in adopting them and movements that brought on Magna Charta, Habeas studying their effects.” Corpus, freedom of the press, the Petition of In explaining the course of the Administration Right, the Settlement Act, and the Bill of Rights to date, Mr. Hull said that it had been necessary in England, and our own Declaration of Indepen¬ to formulate two programs, “one set of measures dence and Constitution. I believe that the lessons designed to meet urgent crisis difficulties, the other of courage and patriotism, of love and loyalty to generally helpful to the acute panic relief situa¬ the principles of civil, religious and political lib¬ tion, but designed primarily to meet the ultimate erty, still animate and inspire my fellow citizens, objectives and the long-time economic require¬ and that their support can be counted on for any ments of the country. program of recovery, restoration and rehabilita¬ “Nations should not blink the ugly facts still tion which embraces the rights and the liberties facing them, despite the degree of recovery thus of the individual and the progressive improve¬ far experienced. The unemployed in the impor¬ ment of the social and material condition of the tant countries exceed 25,000,000; international masses.” 298 Resignation of the Editor

HE Service in the field AMERICAN FOREIGN will share in the regret SERVICE ASSOCIATION felt in Washington that, as an¬ April 21, 1934. nounced in the May issue, Mr. “DEAR MR. INGRAM: Augustus E. Ingram has de¬ I have received your letter cided to resign his post as of April 5, 1934, tendering Editor of the AMERICAN FOR¬ your resignation as Editor of EIGN SERVICE JOURNAL. the AMERICAN FOREIGN SERV¬ We had all learned to think ICE JOURNAL and have pre¬ of Mr. Ingram as a helpful sented the matter to the Exec¬ and kindly fixture not only utive Committee of the Asso¬ as Editor but as a guide, ciation for consideration. counselor, and friend to visi¬ In view of the statements tors in Room 109. made in your letter and par¬ The Secretary of State and ticularly those made in infor¬ the Executive Committee of mal conversations with me the Foreign Service Associa¬ and with members of the Edi¬ tion, upon learning that Mr. torial Board of the JOURNAL Ingram was leaving the JOUR¬ to the effect that, because of NAL, addressed letters to him, private considerations, your which are quoted below: decision to resign was irrevoc¬ April 24, 1934. able, the Committee decided “MY DEAR MR. INGRAM: with great regret to accept

I have just been in¬ Harris & Ewing your resignation as tendered, formed that you have re¬ AUGUSTUS E. INGRAM effective April 30, 1934. signed from the editorship The Executive Committee of the AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL. feels itself to be voicing the sentiments of the entire Since coming to the Department, I have read the Foreign Service in expressing a sense of deep ap¬ JOURNAL, with which you have been so prominently preciation of your efficient and devoted work as associated over a number of years, with consider¬ Editor of the JOURNAL for more than five years and able interest and pleasure.' It is a matter of regret of sincere regret that you have decided to resign. to me that you have decided to sever your connec¬ As expressive, even though inadequately, of the tion with this magazine which has been so helpful Service’s appreciation of your activities, the Com¬ in fostering esprit de corps in the American For¬ mittee has enrolled you as an honorary life sub¬ eign Service, and which owes so much to your in¬ scriber to the FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL. valuable efforts. With every good wish, I am, Sincerely yours, Sincerely yours, T. M. WILSON, CORDELL HULL.” Chairman of the Executive Committee.”

Mr. Ingram was born at Philadelphia, Pennsyl¬ Thus Mr. Ingram has given some twenty-seven vania, in 1867. He was educated at Shrewsbury years of direct service to the Government. His five School, England, and by a tutor. After five years years in the Editorial post have likewise constituted in a law office in Los Angeles, California, he en¬ an important contribution to those associated with tered the Department of Agriculture in 1898, trans¬ the foreign service activities of the Government and ferring to the Department of State in 1900. In 1902 hence to the Government itself. he passed the entrance examinations for the Consu¬ We all hope that Mr. Ingram’s satisfaction lar Service, in which he served with distinction at Paris, Antwerp, Nottingham, Stockholm, Berlin, in what he has done will equal the pride and Montreal, Bradford, Havre, and Vancouver. Mr. affectionate appreciation we feel for his accom¬ Ingram resigned from the Foreign Service in April, plishment. 1925, while serving as Consul General at Van¬ Pending the appointment of a permanent Editor, couver. He became Editor of the FOREIGN SERVICE the Editorial Board will take over Mr. Ingram’s JOURNAL in December, 1928. duties on the JOURNAL. 299 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

FORMER SECRETARY STIMSON ADVOCATES TRADE AGREEMENTS Congress now has under consideration the Ad¬ ministration proposal to authorize the Executive to conclude reciprocal trade agreements with foreign nations, under certain specified conditions, without the necessity for obtaining ratification of such PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AMERICAN FOREIGN agreements by the Legislative branch of the Gov¬ SERVICE ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. C. ernment.

The American Foreign Service Journal is published monthly Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of State under Pres¬ by the American Foreign Service Association, and is distributed ident Hoover, in a radio address on April 29, 1934, by the Association to its members gratis. The Journal is also open to private subscription in the United States and abroad voiced support of the proposed legislation. at the rate of $4.00 a year, or 35 cents a copy, payable to the American Foreign Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. COPIES OF “DIPLOMACY IN RAGS” Copyright, 1934, by the American Foreign. Service Association 1 he FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL has had occasion in previous numbers to refer to the series of ar¬ JOURNAL STAFF ticles entitled “Diplomacy in Rags” by the Hon¬ orable Nicholas Roosevelt, former Minister to PAUL H. ALLING Hungary, published in the Christian Science WALTER A. FOOTE Editorial Board LOWELL C. PINKERTON.. Monitor last February. HENRY S. VILLARD.. These articles have been reprinted in a pam¬ HERBERT S. BURSLEY Secretary, Editorial Board phlet in the belief that they contain, in a handy HARRY A. MCBRIDE. Business Manager form, valuable information regarding the For¬ CLAYSON W. ALDRIDGE Treasurer eign Service not usually available for distribu¬ tion. Inasmuch as Mr. Roosevelt has had numer¬ The American Foreign ous requests from Foreign Service officers for reprints of the articles, he has asked the FOREIGN Service Association SERVICE JOURNAL to announce that copies of the pamphlet may be obtained for 10 cents each by The American Foreign Service Association is an unofficial and voluntary association of the members of The Foreign Service applying direct to him at the office of the New of the United States. It was formed for the purpose of fos¬ York Herald-Tribune, New York City. tering esprit de corps among the members of the Foreign Serv¬ ice, to strengthen service spirit and to establish a center around which might be grouped the united efforts of its members for the RADIO STATION WLW improvement of the service. DX fans stationed in Western Europe, and pos¬ Honorary President sibly elsewhere, may be able to tune in on the CORDELL HULL Secretary of State recently opened broadcasting station, WLW, of Cincinnati. This powerful station, operating on Honorary Vice-Presidents 700 kilocycles, has 500,000 watts power. The WILLIAM PHILLIPS Under Secretary of State single tower is 831 feet high and weighs 135 WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State tons. It has been set in a porcelain “dish” in or¬ ROBERT WALTON MOORE Assistant Secretary of State der to provide insulation from the ground. FRANCIS B. SAYRE Assistant Secretary of State During the experimental period prior to the SUMNER WELLES Assistant Secretary of State official inauguration of the station, householders near the station are said to have had the unique NORMAN ARMOUR —.— President CLARENCE E. GAUSS .Vice-President experience of seeing their electric lamps lit by the MAXWELL M. HAMILTON Secretary-Treasurer power incidentally broadcast, even when their HERBERT S. BURSLEY Acting Secretary-Treasurer switches were turned off.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE COVER PICTURE THOMAS M. WILSON, Chairman; J. P. MOFFAT, Vice- Chairman; W. A. FOOTE, J. E. JACOBS, H. S. BURSLEY Photograph by JOHN STERETT GITTINGS. “Karluv Tyn” (Karlstein), near Prague. Alternate GEORCE R. MERRELL, JR. The famous treasure house and retreat of Em¬ peror Charles IV (1316-1378), where the im¬

Entertainment Committee: JOHN FARR SIMMONS, Chairman; perial regalia and numerous reliquaries .were de¬ JEFFERSON PATTERSON and GEORGE R. MERRELL, JR. posited. 300 News from the Department

The Department of State Club held its only meeting of the season on Wednesday, May 9, the entertainment being in honor of the Secretary and Mrs. Hull. Reinald Werrenrath, the celebrated baritone, gave the program of the evening. The ballroom of the United States Chamber of Com¬ merce held one of the largest audiences in the ex¬ istence of the Club, a testimonial of the deep es¬ teem felt for the Secretary and Mrs. Hull through¬ out the Department. In addition to the Under¬ secretary and Mrs. Phillips, the Assistant Secre¬ tary and Mrs. Carr, Mr. Thomas Hewes—the new¬ ly appointed Special Assistant to the Secretary—- and an almost complete representation of the of¬ ficers and personnel, there were present many old friends, not now actively with the Depart¬ ment, among these being Mrs. John W. Davis, Mr. Robert Woods Bliss, Mr. and Mrs. William S. Culbertson, Mr. and Mrs. Horace Lee Wash¬ ington, Mr. and Mrs. Clement S. Edwards, Mr. and Mrs. John Ball Osborne, Mr. and Mrs. Frank W. Mahin, Mr. and Mrs. Manton Wyvell, Mr. Hampson Gary, Mr. George Horton and Mr. Boaz Long. Mr. Werrenrath brought a party of his REINALD WERRENRATH friends. Before presenting Mr. Werrenrath, Mr. Phil¬ lips, in reminiscence, described the meeting in In the first group the music lover had four 1916 in an Assistant Secretary’s room in the De¬ favorites. And there came to memory the beauty partment when plans were made for the organi¬ and drama given by the singer to Iago’s Credo zation of the Club, and one recalled the progress from Verdi’s Otello in his first recital before the through the years from the double drawing rooms Club. in a small Club on I Street to the large ball room The second and third groups contained num¬ of that evening. bers of lighter character, and in the fourth the The Club has been most fortunate in its gifts “Home on the Range” was given by request. This from the musical world, and the prolonged ap¬ plaintive song of the cowboy with his simple plause greeting Mr. Werrenrath was not only for desires was contrasted with the anything but sim¬ the fine artist but also for the generous friend ple preferences of the sea-faring man in “Cap¬ who was contributing his third recital. The singer tain Stratton’s Fancy,” which concluded the pro¬ was in superb voice. gram. 301 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

PROGRAM THE GOOD NEIGHBOR POLICY I. ADVANCES Dank sei Dir Handel Der Doppelganger Schubert An den Sonnenschein Schumann ARerseelen Strauss II. Love Me oi Not Secchi Leezie Lindsay (Old Scotch Air) Arranged by Fritz Kreisler When Dull Care (Old English Air) Arranged by H. Lane Wilson III. THREE KIPLING SONGS: Gunga Din Charles Gilbert Spross Mother o’ Mine _Frank Tours Photo from R. Henry Norweb Fuzzy-Wuzzy Arthur Whiting Honorable Josephus Daniels, American Ambassador to Mexico, and His Excellency Dr. Jose M. Puig Casauranc, IV. Mexican Minister of Foreign Affairs, signing a convention Home on the Range David W. Guion and a protocol for the adjustment of claims, Mexico City, Lone Dog Rupert O. Erlebach April 24, 1934. Just for You (written for Mr. Werrenrath) Alexander MacFadyen PULITZER AWARD TO TYLER DENNETT Captain Stratton’s Fancy Deems Taylor The JOURNAL offers hearty congratulations to Accompanist—MR. SOL SAX Professor Tyler Dennett, whose “John Hay: From Poetry to Politics” has brought him the Pulitzer Mr. Werrenrath, in beauty of voice, purity of award “for the best American biography of the diction and sincerity of interpretation, sustained year teaching patriotic and unselfish service.” his reputation as one of our leading artists. The Professor Dennett’s book was ably and exten¬ accompanist, Sol Sax, was unusually fine. sively reviewed by Cyril Wynne in the JOURNAL At the conclusion of the recital the members for November, 1933. Major Wynne’s excellent of the Club and its friends were presented to the judgment is shown in his comment therein that Secretary and Mrs. Hull, after which dancing was “Dennett’s work on John Hay will live; nothing begun and continued until a late hour. like it has ever been written on the subject of one NINA ROMEYN. of our greatest Secretaries of State.” Professor Dennett was born in Spencer, Wiscon¬ sin, in 1883 and obtained the degree of A.B. at Williams College in 1904 and his Ph.D. at Johns RIO NAMES STREET TO HONOR AMBAS¬ Hopkins in 1924. He entered the Department of SADOR MORGAN State in 1924 and some six years later resigned the Rua Embaixdor Morgan is the name given to a position of Historical Adviser to accept a Profes¬ street in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, under a decree sorship of international relations at Princeton Uni¬ promulgated on April 19, 1934, by Dr. Pedro versity. It is a matter for further congratulations Ernesto, Interventor of the Federal District. that Professor Dennett has just been elected Presi¬ The reasons, stated in the decree, for the con¬ dent of Williams College. A. E. I. ferring of this honor upon the late Edwin V. Morgan, American Ambassador to Brazil, were ADDITION TO WHITE HOUSE OFFICES ‘"Ambassador Morgan, friend of Brazil and of the The White House office building is to be ex¬ Brazilians, lived a great part of his days in the tended, during summer, at an esti¬ Capital of the Republic. . . . always displayed by mated cost of $120,000, in order that overcrowd¬ deeds his admiration and sympathy for Brazilian ing of the employees and the overflow into the soil .... (and) after .... retirement . . . . Department of State Building may be eliminated. selected Brazil as his residence.” It is understood that a new office for the President In accordance with his own wishes, Ambassador and a new room for cabinet meetings will be in¬ Morgan was buried at Petropolis, Brazil. cluded in the additional space. 302 Save the Surface and You Save All A Pageant

Dedicated by its author to the

COMMITTEE OF THE LUNCHEONS OF THE WOMEN OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE

SCENE FIRST TERROR The Great Wide Beautiful Wonderful World. We are the Terrors that you face In almost any Foreign Place! CHARACTERS I am the wild things, bug or beast As named at their appearance. That look upon you as a feast! Curtain Rises SECOND TERROR FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICER I am the Climate, and I’m bad! Oh, will you deign to be my wife And share my Foreign Service Life? THIRD TERROR The Tourist who will drive you mad! LOVELY WOMAN With pleasure! It will suit me well! FOURTH TERROR Hark! Hark! I hear the Wedding Bell! And I’m the loving lady friend Pray bring to me my wedding Veil! Who knows each penny that you spend! What is the date on which we sail? FIFTH TERROR But who comes here? I do believe And I’m the calls that you must pay! It is my timid rel-a-teeve! SIXTH TERROR TIMID RELATIVE And I’m the things you didn’t say! Before this man and maid are wed I have a warning to be said! LOVELY WOMAN Think well on Dangers you will face. Oh dear, oh dear, oh what’s the use! The Service is a fearsome place! Oh let’s go home to Syracuse! F. S. 0. and L. W. (in unison) F. S. 0. (in despair) Won’t someone save this little gal? Our faithful love all fear erases! A Stranger comes! ’Tis our Morale! Good-bye! We’re off to Foreign Places! (Morale puts arms protectingly around them (They enter Ship.) and drives away Terrors with a look. Lovely (After a long voyage they disembark.) Woman steps forward and gives following

LOVELY WOMAN epilogue:) Our very first Post! Listen, dear The Morale of the Service protects us from Let’s keep it for a souvenir. harm But Darling, what is this we see— And shelters us all ’neath a comforting arm! That’s come to frighten little me? L. B. B.

303 Xews from the Field

YOKOHAMA SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES Consul and Mrs. Charles L. De Vault sailed from The most interesting event of the period Febru Yokohama early in February to take up their new ary-March-April, 1934, was the meeting at Stock¬ assignment at the Consulate General at Paris. After holm at the end of February of the American a period of leave in the United States Consul De Ministers to Denmark, Finland and Sweden. It Vault will assume his new duties about April 18th. had been hoped that the American Minister to The many farewell entertainments given in their Norway, Mr. Hoffman Philip, could visit Stock¬ honor, official as well as social, are evidence of the holm at the same time as the Ministers from Copen¬ warm regard in which they were held by Japanese hagen and Helsingfors so that the four minis¬ officials, their American and foreign colleagues, and ters might confer on matters of common interest. members of the Japanese and foreign communities Mr. Philip was, however, prevented from being in Yokohama and Tokyo. present by the fact that he was without a counselor Consul and Mrs. Richard F. Boyce and their or a secretary at the Legation at Oslo at the time young daughter and son with spaniel Pups arrived of the meeting. early in February. Their personal charm soon won Mrs. Ruth Bryan Owen, Minister to Denmark, for them unqualified acceptance in the official and accompanied by Miss Helen Lee Doherty, visited social circles of Yokohama. Although in Japan Stockholm from February 24 to March 2. Mrs. for only a few weeks, Consul Boyce agreeably as-, Owen had an audience of (language of the London tonished a gathering of Japanese and foreigners Times) the Crown Prince Regent on the day of her recently upon the occasion of a ceremony in con¬ arrival. nection with American Friendship Dolls held in Mr. and Mrs. Norman Davis, accompanied by honor of Miss M. B. Moore, one of the American their daughter, Miss Sarah Davis, arrived in Stock¬ organizers of the Friendship Doll Movement, when holm on March 9, and departed on March 28. Mr. he made a short address in Japanese. Davis had an audience with the Crown Prince Among the Foreign Service Officers and mem¬ Regent on March 13. Mr. Davis was in Stock¬ bers of their families who passed through Yoko¬ holm in an unofficial capacity as the American hama recently was Mrs. Frank P. Lockhart, wife of representative on an international committee the American Consul General at Tientsin, who was formed in the hope of clearing up the difficulties en route to Honolulu to visit her daughter, whose which arose following the suicide of Ivar Kreuger husband is a United States naval lieutenant sta¬ and of working out a plan of reorganization sat¬ tioned there. isfactory to the various companies and interests ARTHUR GARRELS. involved. The reorganization of the Helsingfors establish¬ BERNE ment will be of general interest. On January 16 the Legation and Consulate were officially com¬ Mrs. Riggs, the wife of the First Secretary at bined and have since functioned as a single or¬ Berne, who had a chalet in Gstaad for the winter, ganization. This arrangement, which had been un¬ took second place in the Coupe Femina, the prin¬ der consideration by the Department for a long cipal women’s ski race at Gstaad. There were over time, has accomplished economies in rental and in twenty competitors, all experienced skiers, whereas personnel, and it is thought that the efficiency Mrs. Riggs was skiing her first full winter, having has increased. Career officers stationed at this post broken her leg skiing a year ago. now bear two commissions, Diplomatic and Con¬ W. S. GREENE. sular, and may act in either or in both capacities. 304 Foreign Service Officers Hugh S. Fullerton and China, recently spent two days in Bombay en route Frederick P. Latimer and Vice Consul Thomas E. to the United States on home leave. Consul Pax¬ Burke now assist the Minister in the direction ton made a short visit to the Indian native state of the office, and Foreign Service Officer Cyril of Baroda. L. F. Thiel will shortly arrive from Jerusalem and Bombay was visited during the month of Feb¬ will assume immediately charge of the consular sec¬ ruary by the cruise ships Empress of Britain, tion in addition to diplomatic duties. Resolute and Gripsholm with several hundred Personnel news items—could they be called American passengers on board. Most of the tour¬ post facti?—are as follows: ists availed themselves of the various trips through March 26—Mr. North Winship, Counselor of India which had been arranged by the steamship Legation at Copenhagen, left for home leave, pre¬ companies. Several itineraries, including such ceded by Mrs. Winship, who left two weeks earlier. well known points of interest as Agra, with its April 1—Mr. Merritt Swift, Secretary of Lega¬ famed Taj Mahal, Delhi, Benares and Darjeeling, tion at Stockholm, left for home leave. were offered. April 18—Mr. Knowlton Hicks, Consul at Gote- N. R. borg, left for home leave, accompanied by his wife WELLINGTON and child. The departure of Consul General Calvin M. April 20—Mr. Hugh Fullerton, Secretary of Le¬ Hitch and Mrs. Hitch from Wellington on April gation at Helsingfors, left for home leave. 6th was an event of unusual interest and regret for April 24—Mr. Garret G. Ackerson, Jr., Vice their many friends and associates. Mr. Hitch, who Consul formerly at Lima, arrived at Copenhagen will retire from the Foreign Service within the next from home leave. Mrs. Ackerson and their two chil¬ few months, will spend the last month of his service dren are expected to arrive in June. career at the Department. Of the many farewell Visitors, colleagues or celebrities (or both), in¬ expressions received by them, none was more in¬ clude the following: dicative of the regard in which they are held than February to April, Miss Marion Anderson, col¬ the large number of persons who congregated at ored soprano from Philadelphia, has had a suc¬ the railway station on the eve of their departure. cessful concert tour in Scandinavia and makes On March 26, 1934, a dinner was given in their her Paris debut in early May. honor by the combined American Men’s and Wom¬ April—Monsieur Rene Merigeault, son-in-law of en’s Luncheon Clubs. The occasion was a remark¬ Consul General Keena, visited various Baltic cities able attestation of the affection and esteem held for on a business trip. them by their friends. Consul Maurice P. Dunlap from Dundee visited The accompanying picture shows Consul General Copenhagen to see his fiancee, Miss Gregersen, of Hitch seated in the center with Vice Consul Hoff¬ Norre-sundby, Jutland, a Danish girl. It is ex¬ man and Miss Hunter on his left and Vice Consul pected that the wedding will take place in June. Orebaugh and Miss Montgomery on his right. In Consul Walter A. Leonard, from Bremen, also the back row from left to right are Miss Ormiston, visited Copenhagen early in April. Messenger Spencer, and Miss Fraser. Mr. Efraim Zimbalist arrived at Goteborg about WALTER W. OREBAUGH. the end of April.

BOMBAY Dr. Jacob Gould Schurman, former American Ambassador to Germany, and his grandson, Jacob Gould Schurman III, recently arrived in Bombay after a three months’ tour of India. Dr. Schur¬ man was the guest of honor at a luncheon given by the American Association of Western India on March 8. Mr. George A. Gordon, Counselor of the Ameri¬ can Embassy at Berlin, and Mrs. Gordon arrived at Bombay on board the Conte Verde on Febru¬ ary 26. After a ten-day stay in Bombay, Mr. and Mrs. Gordon will proceed to Delhi, where they will pay a short visit to several friends in India’s Photo from W. W. Orebaugh winter capital. STAFF OF AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL, Consul and Mrs. J. Hall Paxton, of Canton, WELLINGTON 305 HABANA NAPLES On March 31 Consul General Dumont closed his During the month, the following Foreign Service active career as a Foreign Service Officer and, with Officers and their wives passed through Naples: Mrs. Dumont, departed for the United States amid Consul General and Mrs. Palmer and their son en the farewells of prominent members of the large route to Jerusalem; Third Secretary Stanley G. American colony in Habana. Mr. Dumont’s re¬ Slavens en route to Bagdad. On March 11, Consul tirement marked the conclusion of his second suc¬ Donegan from Basle and on March 16, Consul and cessful career, as he resigned as one of the princi¬ Mrs. G. Hall Paxton en route to the United States. pal construction engineers of the largest railroad in On March 19, Consul John N. Hamlin arrived on the United States before entering the Consular the S. S. Exeter to replace Consul Ernest E. Evans, Service. Mr. and Mrs. Dumont plan to resume who departed with Mrs. Evans and their daughter residence at their colonial home at Ronks, Lancas¬ on March 11. Mr. and Mrs. Evans have been in ter County, Pennsylvania. Naples for over seven years and their many friends H. S. T. were sorry to see them go, but wished them the best of luck at Bradford, their new post. BUDAPEST H. M. B„ JR. T. B. C. F. S. Mr. Robert English and Mr. Fletcher Warren have been eligible since Saturday, TOKYO March 31, 1934, for membership in the Transat¬ Marriages, transfers, and new arrivals dominate lantic Broadcasters Club of the F. S. At 6 P. M., Service news of the late winter months at the Em¬ Easter Eve, they took turns in describing a special bassy at Tokyo. Third Secretary Cecil B. Lyon Easter service which was broadcast from Budapest and Miss Elsie Grew, third daughter of Ambassador to the United States. The first piece of fan-mail Grew, were married in October, and proceeded on received was a cable from friends in New York re¬ transfer to Peking in February. Ambassador Grew porting perfect reception. now has three daughters married to Foreign Serv¬ Army Attaches have the good neighbor idea. ice Officers. Late in September Third Secretary Colonel and Mrs. Martin C. Shallenberger and Walter S. Washington and Mrs. Simone Fleisher daughter recently arrived from Vienna for a stay Stecher were married and departed in March via of about two months. Major Macfarlane, the Brit¬ Suez for their new post at Istanbul (subsequently ish Military Attache, who was about to go home on changed to Bogota). Mrs. Stecher is the daughter leave, turned over his servants and a house full of of Mr. and Mrs. B. W. Fleisher. Mr. Fleisher is the trophies to his friend the American Military At¬ proprietor and editor of the Japan Advertiser. Mr. tache and departed for London. and Mrs. Fleisher have long held a foremost posi¬ J. B. S. tion in the social life of the diplomatic and foreign communities of Tokyo. Their many entertainments CALCUTTA in their charming home always provide opportu¬ Consul General and Mrs. Arthur C. Frost sailed nities for contacts with persons of distinction resi¬ from Colombia on March 6 on the S. S. Resolute, dent or temporarily in Tokyo. proceeding to the United States on home leave via In February, First Secretary Erie C. Dickover the Far East. Their much traveled canine “Michael” returned from a tour of duty at the Department, accompanied them. with a newly won bride, who was Mrs. Charles T. The Honorable Walter E. Edge, former Ameri¬ Ballard. Their marriage was the happy culmina¬ can Ambassador to France, and Mrs. Edge were tion of a romance begun in Kobe when Mr. Dick- visitors in Calcutta and Darjeeling during the last over was in the last years of what is perhaps a rec¬ week in March. Prior to their departure from ord length of service for a Foreign Service Officer Calcutta on April 2, they were the guests at tiffin at a single post. Third Secretary Morris N. Hughes, of H. E. Sir John Anderson, Governor of Bengal. who was transferred from the Arab Kingdom of Vice Consul Donald H. Robinson sailed from Iraq, assumed his duties as Third Secretary in Jan¬ Calcutta on March 3, also proceeding to the United uary. The departing newlyweds were replaced by: States on home leave via the Pacific. Second Secretary Edward S. Crocker, Mrs. Crocker Vice Consul F. Russell Engdahl reached the and young daughter, and Third Secretary George Finals of the Captain’s Prize Competition at the D. Andrews, Mrs. Andrews, their young son, and Royal Calcutta Golf Club, but lost his match two collie Possum. The dates of the tenth birthday of down in the final round. Miss Crocker and the second birthday of Master J. W. J. Andrews coincided with the dates of their arrivals 306 in Tokyo, February 26th and March 26th, respec¬ tively. Third Secretary William T. Turner and Vice Consul Charles A. Hutchinson of the Consulate General are scheduled for departure on home leave early in May. SINGAPORE Mr. Roberts writes from Saigon that Vice Consul and Mrs. W. Everett Scotten are now settled at their post. They were married in Hongkong on December 21, 1933. Mrs. Scotten says that she ar¬ AMERICAN CONSULATE, PENANG, S. S. rived on the President Hoover at 3.30, was whisked across the harbor by the Foreign Service in cahoots The Consul’s blotter in Penang shows that Mr. with the Dollar Line and married by 4 o’clock. Carlton Hurst won the Penang Chess Club tourna¬ “The lethargy of the East is a myth,” says Mrs. ment recently. Moreover, a monster has been seen Scotten. off the coast of the Island. Baptised as the “Pulau Captained by Third Secretary Andrew G. Lynch Rimau” (Tiger Island) monster, the skipper who and with Third Secretary Kennett F. Potter, an saw it first called it “a most foul looking brute.” A American golf team successfully captured a trophy nice opportunity for big game fishers. presented by the former Minister to Siam, Hon. In Medan the Consul’s blotter showed that there David E. Kaufman. The cup was presented to Mr. was little of service news available. With sufficient Lynch by the Hon. James M. Baker, Minister to appropriations Vice Consul William DuB. Thorne Siam. might be prevailed on to shoot the Asahan rapids The Consul’s blotter in Soerabaya shows that for or track crocodiles in the swamps nearby, Consul three months Consul and Mrs. Joel C. Hudson have Dale W. Maher writes. been trying to visit Singapore. They were expected In Batavia, Consul General K. S. Patton promises at Christmas, New Year, Washington’s Birthday. human interest stories and photographs in the near They have now arrived and gone. Mr. Hudson is future. R. A. H. still as enthusiastic as ever about tennis and had the distinction of winning the doubles title in NICE Soerabaya this spring. The Honorable Brand Whitlock, former Ameri¬ Singapore has been fortunate in seeing a num¬ can Ambassador to Belgium, underwent an opera¬ ber of friends again. When Consul General and tion at the Sunnybank Nursing Home at Cannes on Mrs. A. C. Frost from Calcutta came through here March 4, 1934. His many friends in the United on their way home on leave by the S. S. Resolute, States and Europe will be glad to know that the Mr. Keblinger entertained them at dinner together operation was entirely successful, and that he is with the officers in Singapore at that time. It was convalescing rapidly. Mr. and Mrs. Whitlock have noticed that conversation was almost one hundred been residing in Cannes for several years. per cent shop. Another distinguished name recently was added Consul Leonard N. Green passed through on the to the Foreign Service roster, in February, when the Dollar Line ship from Swatow to his new post in Consulate at Nice received a letter bearing the Strasburg. And in the other direction Vice Consul following address: Donald H. Robinson from Calcutta paid a flying The Honorable Victor Hugo, visit on his way home on leave. United States Consul, The American Trade Commissioner and Mrs. Nice, France. Julian C. Foster have found themselves a house and are now comfortably settled. Of more impor¬ The writer of the letter merely confused the place tance is that their two little girls have quite recov¬ of the office with the name of the officer. The con¬ ered from a severe attack of whooping cough and sulate at Nice is in the Boulevard Victor Hugo. Mr. Foster can now sleep the whole night through again. NANTES Assistant Trade Commissioner Carl H. Boehrin- An interesting item of local history appears in ger and Mrs. Boehringer, recently married in Singa¬ the fact recently brought to light that the first pore, will be returning to Washington shortly on steam vessel built at Nantes in 1822 owed its ini- leave. The usual farewell parties are anticipated. (Continued to page 334) 307 Foreign Service Changes

The following changes have occurred in the For¬ eign Service since April 14, 1934, and up to May 14, 1934: Career Arthur B. Cooke, of Spartanburg, S. C., Consul at Plymouth, England, will retire from the Service on June 30, 1934. Under the provisions of the act approved March 24, 1934, providing for the independence of the Philippine Islands, an American Consulate is es¬ tablished at Manila, and Henry B. Day, of New Haven, Conn., now Vice Consul at Hong Kong, is assigned as Vice Consul at Manila. Benjamin Reath Riggs, of Philadelphia, Pa., First Secretary of Legation at Bern, Switzerland, designated First Secretary of Legation at Buda¬ pest, Hungary. Non Career H. Armistead Smith, of Washington, D. C., Vice Consul at Messina, Italy, appointed Vice Consul at Palermo, Italy. The American Consular Agency at Tocopilla, Chile, has been ordered closed, the archives and records to be preserved at Antofagasta. The serv¬ ices of the Consular Agent, Felix Layat, of Mary¬ land, will terminate on closing of the office.

Harris & Ewing VICE CONSUL ASSIGNED TO MANILA HENRY B. DAY Vice Consul, Manila In transferring Vice Consul Henry B. Day from Hongkong to Manila, the Department has just signment of a Foreign Service Officer to Manila made one of the most interesting assignments in and a definition of his duties are contained in the history of the Foreign Service. Section (3) of the Act: Mr. Day will be the first Consular officer of “(3) Any Foreign Service officer may be assigned to the United States to serve in the Philippine duty in the Philippine Islands under a commission as a consular officer, for such period as may he necessary and Islands since the Spanish-American War and under such regulations as the Secretary of State may pre¬ probably the first American Consular officer to scribe, during which assignment such officer shall he con¬ be accredited to a post in American territory. sidered as stationed in a foreign country; but his powers and duties shall be confined to the performance of such of Under the provisions of the Act of March 24, the official acts and notarial and other services, which 1934, providing for the eventual independence of such officer might properly perform in respect of the ad¬ ministration of the immigration laws if assigned to a the Philippines, 50 Filipino immigrants may enter foreign country as a consular officer, as may be authorized the United States annually. Authority for the as- by the Secretary of State.” 308 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

Letters from Foreign Service Banking Service Officers, from Diplomats and For Foreign Service Officers Journalists from

^Argentina To members of the For¬ eign Service stationed at their to Zanzibar various posts of duty a bank¬ ing connection in Washington, testify to satisfactory service in moving household goods from post to post in D. C., ofttimes proves in¬ valuable. Security (steel) lift vans, and in wooden vans and cases—and also in writing in¬ The American Security and surance on shipments (whether or not Trust Company located in handled by us), baggage, jewelry, etc. Washington has for forty- four years served among other clients many distin¬ guished persons in the For¬ eign Service.

Through modern facilities the American Security is pre¬ pared to render a dependable banking and trust service. jSmirity J&oragp (Jompng cf UJashingi’on A Safe Depository for 44 Years .MERICAN S' 1140 Fifteenth Street 31 Place du Marche 15TH AND PENNSYLVANIA AVE. St. Honore, Paris WASHINGTON, D. C. Cable Addresses "Storage” Washington "Medium” Paris CAPITAL $3,400,000 SURPLUS $3,400,000 Agents in all principal cities through whom we undertake packing and shipping household MEMBER OP FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM goods to and from anywhere—from a package to a houseful C. A. ASPINWALL, President. The Security Storage Company was established in 1890 as the Storage Department of the American Security dh Trust Co. and is still closely associated with that com¬ The Security Storage Company was established in pany. The Northwest Branch of the American Security 1890 as the Storage Department of the American dc Trust Co. is in the budding of the Security Storage Security dc Trust Co. and is still closely associated Co. at 1140 Fifteenth Street. with that company. The Northwest Branch of the American Security dk Trust Co. is in the building of the Security Storage Co. at 1H0 Fifteenth Street.

309 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

TEN YEARS AGO APPLETON & COX, Inc. (From issue of June, 1924) Underwriters The passage on May 24th, 1924, of the Rogers Act, reorganizing the Foreign Service of the United 8 South William Street States, was reported in the June, 1924, issue of the American Consular Bulletin. NEW YORK Thrilling stories of a courageous adventure of Consul General Oscar Heizer, and of the resource¬ fulness of Gordon Paddock and Consul Glazebrook ALL FORMS OF MARINE during the World War, and other Service anecdotes, including the yarn of the American who complained AND INLAND INSURANCE of being locked out of jail in a foreign land, were related in an article by Frederick Simpich, reprinted from the Rotarian.

Specializing in An address by the Honorable J. Butler Wright, then Third Assistant Secretary of State, and now INSURANCE ON JEWELRY, PERSONAL American Minister at Prague, before the Annual EFFECTS, AND HOUSEHOLD Convention of the National Advertisers’ Association, on the Machinery of the Conduct of American For¬ GOODS IN TRANSIT eign Relations, was reproduced in the Bulletin. In the address, the organization of the Department was outlined and typical cases cited of the successful re¬ sults of activities of the Department and the Foreign Agents: Service on behalf of American interests. SECURITY STORAGE COMPANY 1140 Fifteenth Street The issue was enlivened with a cartoon, by Miss Washington, D. C. Zajockowska of the Consulate General at Warsaw, depicting members of the staff at their morning physical culture.

Consul General Weddell, now Ambassador to Ar¬ gentina, and Elliott Verne Richardson, contributed articles suggesting means of increasing our foreign trade.

“What Has This Said About You?” a photograph of the typewriter used by Consul General at Large Charles C. Eberhardt during 14 years of inspections of Consular offices accompanied by Mr. Eberhardt’s comment, “Were I to deal in the superlative, so com¬ monly used today, I could probably truthfully say: ‘Here is the oldest machine in service today, with the oldest inspector; a machine which has traveled the most miles; has visited the most ports; has delivered the most messages of any machine in the inspection branch of the Service, if not in the world.’ ”

“West of East and East of West” by Richard Ford described the penetration of Western customs into the Far East.

Etiquette in Latin American countries was dis¬ cussed by Homer Brett, and Gerhard Gade wrote in humorous vein of the problems of precedence created by women diplomats and their husbands.

To prove that requests for changes of posts are not new in the Department’s experience, the Bulletin published a copy of a Consul’s request for a transfer, submitted in December, 1793.

310 THE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

BIRTHS A son, Arthur Reid Tower, was born on March SMunson Luxury Service to 12, 1934, at Mexico City, Mexico, to Consul and Mrs. Arthur F. Tower. SOUTH AMERICA Born at the American Hospital, Paris, a daugh¬ Jortnightly Sailings ter, Virginia, to Vice Consul and Mrs. Charles B. Perkins, of Havre. on Saturdays

The birth is reported of a son, Donald Letcher, to Mr. and Mrs. Donald Gay Goddard. Mrs. God¬ Sail to and from South dard is the daughter of Consul General Marion America on the largest Letcher. This boy is Mr. Letcher’s third grand¬ and fastest ships in this child. service, the luxurious 21,000 ton S. S. Pan America, S. S. Western 21’000 ton S'S' Pan America A daughter, Nancy Bingham Leverich, was born World, S. S. American Legion, S. S. Southern at Berlin, April 21, 1934, to Vice Consul and Mrs. Cross; all airy outside rooms, gay shipboard life, Henry P. Leverich. excellent cuisine and service. Calling at Rio de Janeiro, Santos, Montevideo and Buenos Aires. Attractive arrangements for stopovers and sight¬ MARRIAGES seeing at all ports. Hurford-Heizer. Married on February 5, 1934, For further information consult your travel agent or at Casablanca, Morocco, William Leslie Hurford and Miss Beatrice Heizer, daughter of Consul Gen¬ MUNSON STEAMSHIP LINES eral and Mrs. Oscar S. Heizer. 67 Wall Street, New York, N. Y.

Wiley-Baruch. John C. Wiley, Counselor of the American Embassy at Moscow, and Miss Irene Baruch were married in Toulon, France, on April 24, 1934. 5 A matter of =

Carey-Wright. Reginald Shober Carey, Vice | DEEP SATISFACTION | Consul proceeding to Rio de Janeiro, and Miss = to Americans in foreign service = Margaretta Bayard Wright were married in Wash¬ ington on May 25, 1934. 1 THE RECORD SET 1 M BY AMERICA’S NEW SHIPS s For a number of years America was not prop- erly represented on the North Atlantic. Today, our flag flies above those two new cabin liners — IN MEMORIAM Manhattan and Washington, the largest ever ^ built in the United States and the fastest cabin — liners in the world. ~ Those who knew Miss Cecilia Phelan, aunt of = The next time you cross the Atlantic sail on “ Vice Consul Raymond Phelan, Barranquilla, will “ one of these ships and learn why America is — ^ rapidly regaining her proper place among the “ regret to learn of her death on April 21. She was ZT maritime nations of the world. With their ^ “ running mates, the Pres. Harding and Pres. ^ born at Sacramento, California, in the pioneer days “ Roosevelt, the Manhattan and Washington offer - and made the inaugural railroad crossing from weekly sailings to Ireland, England, France “ West to East. and Germany. s. s. S. S. MANHATTAN WASHINGTON See your local agent. His services are free. Mrs. Mary Harty died at Istanbul on April 22, UNITED STATES LINES

1934, after a long illness. She was the mother of Roosevelt Steamship Co., Inc., Mrs. Charles E. Allen and Mrs. Herbert S. Bursley. General Agents Main Office: Sincere sympathy is extended to the bereaved No. 1 , New York families. Offices in all principal cities of the world. if! JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL LATINS TRIM ETONS AT BASEBALL 23 to 16 MONUMENT SEES GREAT STRUGGLE STARS IN MAYDAY THRILLER Mexican and Lafin-American Divisions Smother Western Europe Team STRIKEOUTS FEATURE CAME Country’s Leading Sports Writer Gives Lurid Details By JIMMY FLEXER Washington, May 2, 1934.—In the late afternoon of May 1 the Reflecting Pool turned its back upon its official duties of upending classic marble to give due atten¬ tion to strange antics of mortal flesh. Another May Day riot, per¬ haps, for these warriors were evi¬ dently engaged in class struggle; yet there was a difference, for police were not the common enemy. Who were the immaculate lads in “ZURDO” WILSON “HONORABLE JIM” MOFFAT gaiters and brace-supported flan¬ nels? Who were their opponents, wearers of alpargatas ? What game aspires to baseball yet is Better ball has been played—it ing fields of Eton. The game ap¬ not ? Ten thousand shrilling spec¬ would be difficult to avoid. But propriately ended with the inci¬ tators brought enlightenment. never more earnestly. There were dent. Captain Pepe McGurk, The LA.-ME. GRINGOS, sum¬ moments when the score-keeper’s flushed with the victory of his moned from frijoles and chile from tape was farther behind the mar¬ Gringos, carelessly thanked the Patagonia to the Rio Bravo and ket than in the pre-cut days of umpire—in public. Score LA.-ME vice versa, had challenged the WE. 1929. By unanimous consent field¬ GRINGOS 23; WE. ETONIANS 16. ETONIANS, from tea to crum¬ ing averages were not preserved The Secretary of State was seen pets, to a polite, gentle and re¬ for publication or posterity but er¬ to arrive to throw out the first ball fined game of baseball (soft), rors of age, malpractice, judg¬ as the thirsty players were leaving known scornfully to the uniniti¬ ment or inexperience, if and when the field to correct their condition. ated as “kitten ball.” The chal¬ committed, were out of the truest The honor of the intent was appre¬ lenge was accepted “at a sacrifice spirit of sportsmanship. Ruth and ciated. to dignity,” and an Elite Board Foxx, however, might profit by the of Strategy, huddled over tiffin, example of the sluggers, as will THE PERPETRATORS: pondered means of turning back be revealed by the score. Concern¬ Gringos Etonians Wilson 2b.. Hickerson the southern horde. No small prize ing exceptions, it was a treason¬ was at stake, for, although the able Etonian who remarked that Moffat game was but one of a series four of his teammates were too McGurk ... SS- in the mighty State Department sportsmanlike even to hit a foul. .3b.. Heath League, the cultural championship And another, aspiring to the name r.f. of the third floor back hung on the of “Casey,” when called from the Bursley .... S.f. issue of the afternoon. Those who dugout to pinch hit in a crisis pre¬ ,C.f. broke the rules against training Flexer l.f- sented by full bases, two outs, and Sub. __ Baldwin (3b.) and practice handicapped them¬ an opportunity to tie the score, Duggan Sub. Morin (r.f.) selves with aches and pains; the struck out by the simple process of HiFlrT law-abiding merely postponed Kelchner _ Sub. . . . Green motionlessly and successfully de¬ Merrell lameness. fending his wicket as on the play¬ Grummon — Sub. Zilch 312 JHE /^MERICAN fOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

RECREATIONS IN PARIS In view of the suggestion that there are many officers who would be interested in knowing some¬ thing about the sports available at various posts, I am sending the following information for the proposed “Sports Section” of the JOURNAL. Per¬ haps the suggestion referred more particularly to Distinguished members of posts off the beaten track where the usual sports the Diplomatic Service fol¬ such as golf, tennis and swimming cannot be in¬ low tradition in selecting dulged in; but a first article on the subject, even The Plaza as their New though coming from prosaic and well-known York home. They find here a Paris, may encourage some of our sporting col¬ leagues in the wilds to tell about their posts and standard of excellence that what they afford in the way of outdoor exercise. is known in all countries. Paris offers almost every form of outdoor sport Single rooms from $5. FACING that is practicable in a large city. Hunting and fishing are, of course, out of the question—(except • A 25% discount from room charges is for the soporific and philosophical sort of angling allowed members of the Foreign Service. that goes on along the Seine banks, where the ac¬ Henry A. Rost, Managing Director, tual catching of fish is no object)—unless one is John D. Owen, Manager fortunate enough to get invited by the owner of a game preserve. However, other sports are avail¬ able and most of them are inexpensive enough to make them accessible to Foreign Service Officers. PLflZ Golf:—There are a dozen good golf courses in FIFTY-NINTH STREET AND the immediate vicinity of Paris and a few of these waive initiation fees for Foreign Service Officers. Annual dues are from 500 to 1,500 francs and caddy fees from 10 to 15 francs. Members of the “Union Interalliee,” a Paris social club of which many officers are members, have the privilege of playing golf and tennis at the Compiegne Golf Club free of charge. The dues of the “Union HOMELIKE, Interalliee” are 1,000 francs for the first year, with a yanetama unequalled which includes the initiation fee, and 500 francs per year thereafter. elsewhere m ^Vew 'Ijetk j;ot beauty Tennis:—The two principal tennis clubs are the # The Savoy-Plaza provides the “Racing” in the Bois de Boulogne, and the “Stade homelike warmth and charm that Frangais” in the Forest of St. Cloud. These clubs, informed travellers demand, plus superior service and an unsurpas¬ which sponsor the French International and Davis sed cuisine. Single rooms from $5. Cup matches, are well equipped with outdoor clay A 25% discount from room surface courts. Annual dues are 500 francs and charges is allowed members of there is a small initiation fee the first year. Be¬ the Foreign Service. cause of the frequent rainy weather in the Paris Henry A. Rost, Managing Director region, it is almost as satisfactory to play tennis at one of the numerous places offering indoor FIFTH AVE.f 58th TO 59th STS facilities. The surface is the same as on outdoor courts at most of these places and the lighting is good. Courts can be engaged on a yearly basis allowing a two-hour playing period once a week. The price varies according to the time of the day chosen as well as the day of the week. Annual rentals on this basis run from 1,000 to 1,800 francs. When four or six people take a court to¬ OVERLOOKING CENTRAL PARK gether, the cost per player is quite reasonable. (Continued to page 330) 313 A

By M. J. MCDERMOTT, Department of State

(Scene: Division of Current Information; Walter Columnist: “How long was it?” Foote, Assistant Chief, seated at desk.) Foote: “Oh, this was a young one—only about six feet long.” And so the next day we read in the column: (Enter correspondent) “Word that the dragons are coming aroused great CORRESPONDENT: ‘'I need a story. The only interest in the Department of State where former news I’ve seen today is a report that four nine- Consul Foote is known as ‘the only State Depart¬ foot dragon-like lizards are arriving in the United ment man who ever captured a dragon.’ The one States. A couple of them are coining to the Wash¬ he caught in Sumatra was ten feet long. ington Zoo.” “Mr. Foote was lying in his hammock one hot Foote: “Why, that’s interesting. When I was in day in Medan, when he suddenly heard a great Sumatra «**»****; etc ” screaming and commotion out front. He got up (One hour later. Enter same correspondent.) and saw his Malay servants fleeing in terror from Correspondent: “Hello, old dragon catcher.” a great animal resembling a giant lizard. Valiant Foote: “Hello, George.” (To columnist who had Consul Foote leaped to the rescue. Breaking off come in behind the correspondent.) the branch of a tree shaped like a prong, he pinned Correspondent greets George: “Hello, George. the monster to earth. Later he presented the car¬ Now here’s something for your column. You cass to a Chinese cook who made soup out of it. ought to do a piece about the American Consul who Much astounded was the Dutch Lieutenant Gover¬ caught a dragon.” nor of Sumatra when he heard that Walter had Columnist: “Huh?” given the Komodo Dragon to a Chinese cook. ‘That Correspondent: “Haven’t you seen in the papers animal,’ he said, ‘was worth its weight in gold’.” that four nine-foot dragon-like lizards have arrived The following morning the newspapers reported in the United States? Two are coming to the that on the journey to the United States, one of the Washington Zoo. They come from the Island of dragons consigned to the Washington Zoo fell ill Komodo in the Dutch East Indies. They’re very aboard ship and that it took six husky sailors to rare. Walter here caught one, didn’t know it was hold it down while medicine was poured down its rare and gave it to some Chinese to make soup.” throat. The stories said, furthermore, “the crea¬ tures are carnivorous, feeding chiefly on deer and Columnist: “Oh, that’s interesting. Tell me pigs. They tear the throats of their prey and drag about it, Walter.” Walter again reluctantly told the story: “Shortly after I arrived at Medan, i lived the bodies to their caves. When fighting, they rear in a small bungalow in the edge of the city near a up on their hind legs. They also run on their river. One day, investigation of a great commotion hind legs.” The above paragraph was scouted and taken to among the natives in the back-yard, disclosed that they had surrounded a large lizard. The thing was Walter. fully six feet long, about a foot thick through the “How fast can these lizards run?” he was asked. “Oh,” said Walter, “They can run faster than a middle, and had a goose-like neck. News of the horse. They pursue the deer.” visitor’s arrival spread and the yard was soon filled I quit. Now you tell one. with Chinese and Malay servants from nearby homes. The No. 1 Boy pinned it to the ground with a forked limb just behind its head, while the No man has a good enough memory to make a suc¬ cessful liar.—-ABRAHAM LINCOLN. others looped baling wire around its body. The Chinese gardener wanted it and I gave it to him. When all think alike, no one thinks very much. The Lieutenant Governor, who lived next door, WALTER LIPPMANN. later informed me that the animal was a Komodo Dragon. He said that he had been living in jungle A WISH stations in Sumatra for twenty-five years, had al¬ Eldest son, Joseph, writing from an oil field in ways wanted to see one but had never had the op¬ the tropics to an American Consulate in Europe, portunity. I told the Lieutenant Governor that I makes a stirring plea for the entry into the United regretted to say that the animal was probably in States of his two younger brothers. He ends his the form of soup. He told me that I should have appeal with these appropriate words: “Please, Sir, had the thing stuffed, as they are very valuable.” let’s get fullfill our hottest wish . . . . ” 314 FROM SKYWAYS TO HIGHWAYS CAME AIRWHEEL TYRES mm

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THE WORLD OVER MORE PEOPLE RIDE ON GOODYEAR TYRES THAN ON ANY OTHER MAKE 315 A I’olilical Bookshelf

By CYRIL WYNNE, Department of State

ON OUR WAY by Franklin D. Roosevelt (New purposes they seek differ from those that were used York: The John Day Company, 1934, Pp. xiv, 300, before’ (ix). In the thirteen chapters which fol¬ price $2.50). low, the “milestones that mark the achievement of a new public policy” are set forth. In setting them As it is prescribed in the holy writ of instructions forth the President quotes frequently from his mes¬ to Foreign Service officers that they must speak sages to Congress, his remarkable radio addresses with care and decorum on all public occasions, this to the public (remarkable because of their frank¬ book will be welcomed at our diplomatic missions ness) and the Executive orders and proclamations and consular offices. The wisdom of the instructions which form such an important part of this new is not to be doubted but as there is no man in public public policy. In quoting from or referring to these life whose actions and policies have caused such documents, the President gives their setting and ex¬ intensive discussion in the capitals and commercial plains the reasons for following a certain course centers of the world as Franklin D. Roosevelt, it or for reaching a certain decision. behooves the Foreign Service officer, when he is The thirteen chapters are supplemented by an called upon to speak of these actions and policies, “Appendix” which contains tbe texts of some of the to see that what he says is accurate. The President more important of the Roosevelt papers. We find has made this possible in his timely hook, “On here the “correct” text (as the author explains, it Our Way,” which “set forth simply the many sig¬ has heretofore been published, but with “varia¬ nificant events of a very busy year” (ix). It is tions”) of the great Inaugural Address—a docu¬ always safe to quote the President in describing his ment which will live in the political literature of position on a given isue and it may be questioned the nation. Among other papers printed in this if any President in the history of the Republic has section of the book are the Executive Order of April taken the public into his confidence to the extent 5, 1933, “Forbidding the Hoarding of Gold Coin,” that President Roosevelt has in this work. the Executive Order of April 20, 1933, “Relating It is a book which is written in a style that can to Foreign Exchange,” the statement of May 12, be understood by any literate person and yet in 1933, by the President on signing the “Farm Relief setting forth simply the many significant events of Bill,” his statement of May 27, 1933, on signing the first year of his administration the author makes the “Securities Act, ’ his radio address to the Gov¬ a contribution to political science and history which ernors’ Conference at San Francisco, on July 25, can well serve as a model to be followed by learned 1933, and h is statement on “Extension of Re¬ professors who write profound treatises on these employment Agreement, December 20, 1933.” It subjects. As one reads his clear and concise sen¬ is not without significance that the final paper in tences there is a feeling that, in writing them, the the book is the “Remarks of the President to the President recalled the admonition of his old teacher Boy Scouts of America Broadcasting a National of English at Harvard, the late Dean Briggs, who ‘Call to Service’ Mobilization, February 10, 1934,” in lecturing against the use of “highfalutin” lan¬ in which he concludes with the stirring words of guage would submit to his classes the delightful the Scouts’ Oath. query: “Could we have respected a famous book of In the first two chapters he tells of “The Closing the New Testament quite so much if it had been of the Banks,” the “Passage of the Emergency called the ‘Actions of the Apostles’?” Possibly Banking Act, the “Establishment of the Civilian not; at any rate there is nothing “highfalutin” Conservation Corps” and of “Federal Relief and about "On Our Way. It tells us what the Presi¬ the Establishment of the Federal Relief Administra¬ dent has done—and why he did it—since that bleak tion.” In Chapter Five we read of “The Reopening day when he took the oath of office to the accom¬ of the Banks and of “The Unhealthy Condition of paniment of the closing of every bank in tbe land, the Gold Reserve.” With rare humor he relates to the day a year later when the sun could be seen how he said to the late Secretary of the Treasury shining through the clouds and people could look Woodin, “Mr. Secretary, I have some very bad news “for ward to a better ordered common life.” for you. I have to announce to you the serious The book consists of a “Foreword ’ in which he fact that the United States has gone off the gold points out that his policy is “revolutionary . . . standard. ’ Said Mr. Woodin as he threw up both only in the sense that the measures adopted and the his hands, “My heavens! What, again?” (page 61). 316 It is passages of this kind throughout the book which make one feel the serene confidence of the man in spite of the great problems before him. In fact, one gathers that the size of these problems is a stimulant rather than a cause for dismay. It was another Roosevelt who said in speaking of the life of himself and his family in the White House that “no one really could have had as much fun out of it as had we.” The other Roosevelt did not have to cope with such tasks as his fifth cousin now in the WTiite House, but one is inclined to believe after reading “On Our Way” that the said fifth cousin and his family are having just as much fun as their distinguished kinsman ever had. If T. R. could snap out a “dee-lighted” to meet a difficult situation, the calm smile of Franklin D. during the year which has passed will be long remembered by a people to whom it brought assurance and trust. Chapter Nine will be read with great interest by members of the Foreign Service, as it deals with “Foreign Policies.” The author quotes from his address of April 12, 1933, to the Governing Board of the Pan American Union when, after repeating his well known statement regarding the “policy of the good neighbor,” he said: “Your Americanism and mine must be a structure built of confidence, cemented by sympathy which recognizes only equality and fraternity” (page 112). In his discus¬ sion of the Economic Conference at London, the President speaks his mind with regard to the prob¬ lem presented by “the demand of the nations con¬ stituting what was knowm as the ‘gold bloc’ ” (page 123). Those who know what occurred at London will understand the meaning of the statement, “Sec¬ retary Hull, with magnificent force, prevented the conference from final adjournment and made it possible, we all hope, for a renewal of its discus¬ Photograph by Maynard Owen Williams sions in the broad field of international relation¬ Tribeswoman of Indo-China Eating Rice ships” (page 126). The “highly gratifying result” of the Montevideo Conference is discussed (128) Picturing Life in Far Lands and in this regard one notes the statement in the The eating of rice is commonplace to Ameri¬ President’s address delivered at the dinner on the cans, but few have seen it eaten in Indo-China. birthday anniversary of Woodrow Wilson, “For This picture, therefore, portrays to millions of Geographic readers a strange method of doing participation in the bringing about of that result a familiar thing. The Geographic is in constant we can feel proud that so much credit belongs to need of such human-interest pictures and ar¬ the Secretary of State of the United States, Cordell ticles depicting the everyday life of people in Hull” (134). other lands. Your narratives of your experi¬ One is not surprised to learn that “ever since ences in far-away regions, your photographs of the life of the countries you visit, may be taking office” the President had “felt the absurdity admirably suited for publication in The Maga¬ of the inability of the United States to have any zine. Why not submit them today—or write relations official or unofficial with Russia” (128). for our booklet describing the kind of pictures He then quotes in full the “friendly letters in Oc¬ required? All material accepted is purchased tober” between himself and President Kalinin at liberal rates. which “paved the way for a visit from M. Litvinoff The National Geographic Magazine and the resumption of diplomatic relations with GILBERT GROSVENOE, LITT.D., LL.D., Editor Russia the following month” (pages 128-131). Washington, D. C. These two communications are followed by the 317 modest statement, “Thus, through the exchange of these simple letters, after many years the historic £njoy /fe LUXURY?/ friendship between the people of Russia and the people of the United States was restored.” Another type of person might have announced such an American achievement with a blare of trumpets. The concluding chapters discuss such subjects as One Class “The Repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment,” the “St. Lawrence Treaty,” the “Problem of the Crip¬ pled Child” (one’s eyes become moist in reading Service these pages; 222-226), the “Regulation of Stock and Commodity Exchanges,” the “Cancellation of Air Mail Contracts, ” the “New Tariff Legislation” to and from Washington and the “Independence of the Philippine Islands.” In the closing chapter he agrees with another great Democrat, Grover , that “public office is a public trust” (page 248) but feels that “it is time to add a companion to Cleveland’s ideal HERE is lux¬ of public service. That companion is: Private ury in ocean office is a public trust. Why, in all common sense, travel at small should we apply one rule to government and an¬ cost and the most other rule to private business and the private pro¬ convenient route fessions?” (page 250). between Europe The reviewer ventures to state that in the answer and the Capital. to that question is to be found the key to the po¬ At a low rate yc litical philosophy and political action of President can enjoy a room Roosevelt. - with private bath. Landing or sailing from Baltimore you are scarcely an hour from HANDS ACROSS THE BORDER Washington. A Conference of the United States and Mexican Staterooms all outside on upper decks are Immigration Chiefs on the American-Mexican fron¬ fitted with deep-springed beds—not berths. tier was held at El Paso, Texas, from January 29th There’s more room in lounges, dining saloon to February 3d, 1934, in the interest of good rela¬ and on deck. Splendid food—varied menus. tions between the respective Services and Countries, Special consideration given officials and to give chambers of commerce along the border in United States foreign services. an opportunity to recommend changes in immigra¬ tion regulations. Minimum Rates The Conference was attended by Col. D. W. Mac- $90 ONE-WAY ROUND-TRIP $171 Cormack, United States Commissioner of Immigra¬ Stateroom with bath and. shower tion and Naturalization, Mr. I. F. Wixon, Deputy slightly higher in season. Linked States Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization. Dr. John McMulIan, Assistant Sur¬ PASSENGER OFFICES: Washington, D. C. New York City geon General, United States Public Health Service, 743 14th Street, N. W. 1 Broadway and the three District Directors on the border, Mr. or any office of International Mercantile Marine Co. G. C. Wilmoth, W. A. Whalen, and F. W. Berk¬ London Hamburg 14 Regent St., S. W. I. Alsterthor & Ferdinandstrasse shire, Sr. Jesus B. Gonzalez, Chief of Immigration Berlin Paris Antwerp of the Ciudad Juarez District and personal repre¬ Unter den Linden, 9 10 Rue Auber 22 Rue des Peigne* or U. S. Lines Offices in principal European Cities. sentative of Sr. Jose Vasconcelos, Secretary of In¬ terior of Mexico City. Chambers of Commerce of all cities and towns and immigration offices on both sides of the border BALTIMORE sent representatives. Mr. Wirt G. Bowman, resident of Nogales, was one of the original advocates of such a conference. MAIL LINE Mexican Consul-General Enrique Gonzalez of El Weekly Sailings to and from Paso, Texas, and Consul William P. Blocker, of — - ■ ■ ~ Havre and Hamburg ~ ~ Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, were present as observers. 318 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

PROPOSED RETURN OF HISTORIC MACE TO CANADA (Released by the White House May 4.) To the Congress of the United States: During the War of 1812 the Mace of the Parlia¬ ment of Upper Canada, or Ontario, was taken by United States forces at the time of the battle of York, April 27, 1813. That Mace, which had been the symbol of legislative authority at York (now Toronto) since 1792, has been preserved in the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis. On July 4, 1934, there is to be unveiled in To¬ ronto a memorial tablet erected by the United A GENERAL States Daughters of 1812 to the memory of General ■IM. COMMANDER of forces who finds that all the forces necessary for his physical comfort and Pike and others of the United States forces who social satisfaction are his to command for his stay were killed in action. The Mayor and Council of at The Willard “The Residence of Presidents.” Two Blocks from the White House, Near Toronto are providing the site for the memorial. Theatres, Public Buildings, and Historic The suggestion has been made that it would be a Points. . . World renowned Cuisine. Single Rooms with Bath $4 up gracious act for the United States to return this Double Rooms with Bath $6 up historic Mace to Canada at the time of the unveiling 25% Discount on Room Charges to Members of the United States Foreign Service. of the tablet. Popular Priced Coffee Shop The Mace is a token of representative govern¬ Write for Illustrated Booklet and Rates ment, established at York nearly a century and a on half ago. It symbolizes the orderly rule of such WILLARD HOTEL government in Canada from that day to this. 14th and Pennsylvania Avenue Since the agreement of 1817, the two countries Washington, D. C. have by common accord maintained no hostile ar¬ H. P. SOMERVILLE, Managing Director maments on either side of their boundary; and every passing year cements the peace and friend¬ ship between the peoples of Canada and the United States. I heartily recommend to the favorable considera¬ THINGS ARE LOOKING “UP” tion of the Congress the enactment of a joint reso¬ IN THE SERVICE lution authorizing the return of the Mace to the Canadian Government. (Exchange Bill! Rental Allowances! Etc!) FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. This Is A Good Time To THE WHITE HOUSE, SEND THE JOURNAL To Your Relatives Washington, D. C., May 4, 1934. And Friends Who will always welcome this intimate news of you, FOREIGN OFFICIALS MAY CASH DRAFTS your colleagues and your interesting work. (Press Release of the Department, April 27, 1934) Enquiries have been received at the Department JL HE JOURNAL offers to each active and associate of State as to whether the Act of Congress ap¬ member of the American Foreign Service Association the privilege of subscribing for the JOURNAL for or on proved April 13, 1934, to prohibit financial trans¬ behalf of relatives and friends at the rate of $2 per actions with foreign governments in default on year. their obligations to the United States, applies to Each member may use up to five of these special sub¬ ordinary commercial “acceptance or time drafts,” scriptions. Please use the coupon below. such as are used by foreign governments to ...... -SPECIAL OFFER - - - finance the current requirements of their embas¬ AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL, sies and consulates in the United States. Care Department of State, Washington, D. C. The Department of State and the Attorney Gen¬ eral are in agreement that such instruments do Please send the JOURNAL for one year. not constitute “obligations” within the purview To Send bill for of the Act. Certain other questions that have been presented To.. regarding the interpretation of the Act are under consideration. 319 INSULL EXTRADITION Following unsuccessful attempts in various WOODWARD & LOTHROP countries for nearly two years the Government 10th, 11th, F and G Streets finally obtained the extradition of Mr. Samuel Insull from Turkey early in April. Mr. Insull’s "A Store Worthy of the Nation’s Capital” arrest and eventual extradition raised many com¬ plicated legal and administrative questions which will doubtless prove of absorbing interest to fu¬ We invite you to ture writers in extradition cases. use our shopping Upon the receipt of word that Mr. Insull was to service, created for be turned over to American authorities, a Presiden¬ tial warrant was issued appointing Mr. Burton Y. Foreign Service Berry, Third Secretary and Vice Consul at Istan¬ families. bul, and Captain W. Habel, of the American Ex¬ port Lines vessel Exilona, joint agents to return Surround yourself with the indispensable Ameri¬ Mr. Insull to the United States. The prisoner can things through this service. Mrs. Marian was turned over by the Turkish authorities to Mr. Berry and Captain Habel on board the Exilona Tolson will personally make your selections. in the harbor of Izmir on Friday, April 13. The Address her at Woodward 8C Lothrop, Wash¬ Exilona arrived in New York on May 7th and ington, D. C., U. S. A. Mr. Berry proceeded from that port to Chicago, where Mr. Insull was delivered to the United States Marshal for the Northern District of Illi¬ nois. Arrangements were made by the Depart¬ ment to assist Mr. Berry in making the overland journey to his destination. It is interesting to observe that the successful termination of the extradition proceedings was accomplished solely by the Department of State and its officers in the field, many of whom re¬ ceived instructions in the matter. The JOURNAL JANE WANDL extends to the Embassy at Istanbul and to Mr. SILK HOSE Berry its sincere congratulations on the suc¬ cessful accomplishment of this delicate and diffi¬ Jane Wandl SilJk Hose cult mission. is beautifully fashioned in the correct shades for daytime and evening wear. Ringless, clear and sheer, IMPROVE YOUR JOURNAL with a dainty lace run- stop, it is inspected and Newspaper correspondents, officers of the De¬ sealed in individual pack¬ partment, Foreign Service Officers in Washington, ages. £1.35, 3 pairs £3.90. and other friends of the JOURNAL contribute mate¬ The sheer ingrain silk rial and effort with the object of maintaining the hose, £1.65 standard set under the Editorship of Mr. Ingram, Same with Paris clocks, and of insuring the steady improvement of this £1.95 magazine, if that be practicable. Officers who Semi-sheer all-silk, with have been especially requested to contribute ar¬ plaited sole, ticles are responding promptly and more than ade¬ £1.35, 3 pairs £3.90 quately. The news correspondents are doing well. A good, yet inexpensive Our advertisers make it possible to print a good hose, in chiffon all silk magazine. But in the last analysis,' the AMERICAN or semi-sheer—lisle rein¬ forced. 88c, 2 pairs £1.75. FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL will be what the articles, stories and photographs from the men in the field Due to market conditions, prices quoted are subject make it. If each of them will send in the best ma¬ to change without notice. terial he or his wife is capable of producing, the JOURNAL will be what the Service wants it to be. 320 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

Study in Orange AN AMERICAN INSTITUTION By ROBERT JANZ, Vice Consul, Belfast IN FOREIGN SERVICE CONSUL Woofus closed the bottle of red ink and laid aside the personal budget on which Providing Rapid, Depend¬ able Transport for Passen¬ he had been working. Looking through the ever- gers, Express, and Mail open door of his office, he could see a visitor ap¬ Under Contract to the United proaching along the corridor of the patio. The States and Foreign Govern¬ visitor being none other than the great explorer, ments, Between North America and 32 Countries Sam Hardy, Consul Woofus rose to greet him. and Colonies of the West¬ “Morning, Hardy.” ern Hemisphere. “Hi, Woofus. Just found your note at the ho¬ tel and decided to come by.” “Take this chair. You may be able to get a breath of air over here. Well, are you still look¬ ing for another man to go on your expedition?” “I’m still looking for another good man.” ‘Fine. I’ve got him...... A negro, six foot six, athletic, brains, and anxious to go anywhere.” “Yes, and brave, resourceful, good-looking, col¬ lege graduate, and doesn’t drink. Go ahead. Say it. But you’ll have to prove it. There ain’t no such man in Panama.” “I will say it. He is fine looking and he is a P/tfV /IMEtUC/tK college graduate. And if you don’t think he is AltLHTTYS SYSTEM EXECUTIVE OFFICES resourceful, wait until you find out horv he got J. T. TRIPPE 135 East 42nd Street EVAN E. YOUNG here.” President NEW YORK CITY Vice Pre». .n Charge Fore.. “Marvellous. But who is this superman, and where is he?” “Answering the last question first, he is right out in the other office. His name is Jenkins, one Hotel Martinique of a long line of Jenkinses, Northwestern ’27, Phi FIVE BLOCKS FROM THE WHITE HOUSE Beta Kappa, et cetera, et cetera, and until recently a stevedore on the docks at Los Angeles. You SIXTEENTH STREET AT M know that freighter that came in here on fire last WASHINGTON, D. C. Monday? Well, he was on board as an involun¬ tary passenger. When it was found that the ship would have to lay up for repairs the cargo was transshipped to another steamer, and when they were unloading they found him in one of the holds, delirious.” Hotel of “Sounds like a story.” “It is. But wait a minute. I’ll let him tell it.” \Distinction Jenkins was brought in and a chair placed for him in an open place where he would have plenty of room to stretch his legs. Hardy spoke to him first. SPECIAL RATES “I hear you’re looking for a job.” To ACTIVE AND RETIRED FOREIGN SERVICE

“Yes, sir.” OFFICERS AND THEIR FAMILIES “How tvould you like to go on an expedition into the jungles of Colombia for about eight months?” “I’d like it fine.” Write for Booklet “Can you handle a gang of natives?” L. R. HAWKINS, Manager “Yes, sir. I’ve handled lots of stevedores.” 321 THE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

“’Good. Tell me, how do you happen to be here?” “Well, it's kind of a long story. Starts back in Los Angeles.” “Go ahead with it. I’ll stop you if I get bored.” “This is the way it was. I was helping load crated oranges on the Belle Isle at Los Angeles. I was working in the forward hold when suddenly I passed out. I figure a crate of oranges must have hit me and knocked me unconscious, and €rery modern facility for the safe handling somehow' none of the other workers noticed it. and care of household treasures. When I came to, everything was dark. I soon found that the ship was under way and that I was shut in the hold with mighty little space to move FEDERAL STORAGE around in. “I didn’t do anything for a long time but just yell. After awdiile I saw yelling wouldn’t do any COMPANY good, so I calmed down and tried to make myself comfortable. Finally, everything began to work 1707 Florida Avenue Washington out okay. The air was not too good, but I could breathe. The bed W'as not too soft, but I could sleep. And as for food and drink, there w'as a STEEL FOR SAFETY whole shipload of oranges. The world over every one likes “The time passed slowly, but it passed. I could keep track of the days by the change in tempera¬ the internationally known Bowling ture. It w'as always warmer during the day. As Green steel lift vans for foreign we neared Panama the heat got worse. But I could shipments of household effects and stand it, so I settled down to a nice, long trip of w'hat I figured would be about thirty days to art objects. Carefully prepared Philadelphia. All of a sudden, however, the heat and loaded by expert packers, all began to get unbearable, and I can’t remember what happened. The consul here can tell you articles are safe from point of though.” origin to destination in these sealed Consul Woofus took up the story. steel vans. “There isn’t much more to tell. The captain of the Belle Isle told me that about a day out of TRANSIT INSURANCE Panama a fire was discovered in one of the holds. When they reached here the fire was still going, FORWARDING AGENTS and although they managed to put it out, they discovered they would have to lay up some con¬ General European Representatives siderable time for repairs and decided to transfer PARIS LONDON BERLIN the cargo to another of their ships. When they unloaded the forward hold they discovered this OFFICERS E. K. MORRIS HENDERSON S. DUNN fellow'—delirious, but still conscious. I might President Cashier add that when the captain made out his protest HAROLD N. MARSH S. WEBSTER ADAMS Tice-Pres. <& Counsel Superintendent he listed nine cases of oranges as having disap¬ JAMES M. JOHNSTON A. RUSSELL BARBEE peared en route.” Vice-Pres. <& Treasurer Asst. Treasurer “Well I’ll be go to the devil.” said Hardv. “So H. RANDOLPH BARBEE MARIAN TRUMBULL Secretary Asst. Secretary you want a job? Well, you’re hired, and we won’t DIRECTORSs argue about the pay. Come see me tomorrow at CHARLES S. BAKER JAMES M. JOHNSTON ten at the Imperial, and I’ll get you started.” H. RANDOLPH BARBEE HAROLD N. MARSH “Yes. sir.” DANIEL L. BORDEN CARROLL MORGAN HANSON E. ELY, JR. E. K. MORRIS II. HENRY P. ERWIN CHARLES P. STONE As Hardy strolled into the office, Consul Woofus NORMAN B. FROST CHARLES G. TREAT looked at the clock. It was almost exactly ten. D. P. GAILLARD GRIFFITH WARFIELD (Continued to page 332) 322 On the Course of Events

By HENRY L. DEIMEL, JR., Department of State

GAIN the Federal Reserve lions with an estimated increase in weekly wages Board’s indices of indus¬ of almost eighty million dollars or the equivalent, trial activity show a con¬ on an annual basis, of about ten per cent of the tinued upswing. The fol¬ total national income of 1933. Nevertheless, mil¬ lowing figures for March lions are still unemployed and even now the num¬ (with February in paren¬ bers seeking public relief are increasing. As the theses) demonstrate the preceding table shows, industrial activity has still tendency: Production of a long way to go before reaching the 1929 peak. Manufactures (80) 82; Even at that time there was a substantial amount Factory Employment (75) of unemployment measured in millions and an 77; Factory Payrolls (59) 63; Department Store economic instability that soon showed itself in Sales (71) 76; Construction Contracts Awarded accumulating stocks of goods thereafter in the (44) 35. The extent and nature of the improve¬ abysmal recessions of succeeding years. Further¬ ment since last November is to be obtained in more, industrial activity forms only a part, though rough but concise form by comparing factory pro¬ an important part, of our national economic ac¬ duction, employment, and payrolls for the months tivity, and in at least substantial degree its present of lowest and highest production since March, 1933, level must be laid to the stimulus of government and for the peak year 1929, as follows: expenditures which, while still well below the es¬ timates of last January’s budget message (Treas¬ FACTORY ury expenditures totalled 974 millions in April, of Production Employment Payrolls which only 370 were classified as emergency ex¬ 1929 (Year) ... 119 101 108 penditures), are proceeding at a rate well over 1933 March .. ... 56 57 37 July . ... 102 70 50 twice the rate of receipts from taxation, as is evi¬ ... 71 72 54 dent from the following table of Treasury receipts 1934 March ... 82 77 63 and expenditures by quarters since January, 1933: It is evident that while the more recent revival Receipts Expenditures Deficit in manufacturing production has not equalled the (Millions of Dollars) 1933 I 538 1156 618 swift climb of last spring and summer, it has n._ 604 1411 807 been accompanied by a much more substantial in¬ III , 709 1038 329 crease in employment and payrolls^ suggesting IV 834 1717 883 that the current revival is proceeding more sound¬ 1934 I 880 2240 1360 ly than was the case last year. It will be of great This comment is not intended to imply that the interest to observe whether this renewal of in¬ economic outlook in the United States is to be re¬ dustrial activity continues, or at least manages to garded with gloom. To the contrary, a situation hold most of its gains during the second and third which continues to be characterized by surpluses quarters of 1934. Such information as is now and surplus productive capacity is one to be re¬ available for April is not unfavorable: notably an garded with optimism provided it is believed that increase in steel ingot production during the month sufficient intelligence, courage and skill are avail¬ from 47 to 55 per cent of capacity, and in able and will continue to be applied to effect early May to 60 per cent, thus passing last the adjustments in economic relations neces¬ July’s peak of 59 per cent; automobile pro¬ sary to release the latent capacity to provide duction has been climbing from 161 thousand a higher standard of living— “a more abun¬ units in January to 235 in February, 336 in dant life”—for all. Rather the suggestion is March and about 400 estimated for April. made that we have still a long way to go be¬ It would be easy, however, to exaggerate the fore our situation can be considered satis¬ significance of these favorable trends in in¬ factory, and that the opinion so widely preva¬ dustry. But it is very satisfactory to learn lent in many business quarters, and character¬ from the Department of Labor’s announcement that izing much of what was said at the annual con¬ more than 400,000 workers returned to industrial vention of the United States Chamber of Com¬ employment in March, bringing the reemployment merce held in Washington in the first week of since March, 1933, up to two and three quarter mil¬ May, to the effect that recovery is now irretriev- 323 ably on the way and the government should sus¬ cation of the Securities Act and a very restricted pend any further “destroying and unsettling” at¬ stock exchange law, on the ground that the effect tempts at reform, is still very much open to ex¬ of the former has been, and of a strong stock ex¬ amination and question. change law would be. to restrict the capital financ¬ For months so much of the comment on the ing of industry out of which an increased demand economic situation has been directed at the de¬ for the products of the heavy industries would re¬ pressed state of the “heavy” or “durable goods” sult. industries as compared with those producing “con¬ There is abundant reason, however, for question¬ sumers’ goods” that it becomes of interest to com¬ ing the assertion that the existing and proposed pare the actual standing of these two groups. By means of legal protection for investors, which the classifying the Federal Reserve Board’s seasonally sad experiences of depression as well as pre-de¬ adjusted indices of employment in the first three pression years have shown to be so necessary, must months of 1934 for the thirteen groups of indus¬ be abandoned or relaxed in order to effect reem¬ tries for which these indices are separately avail¬ ployment in the heavy industries. It is true that the able, into the one or the other of these two classes floating of new domestic capital issues of a term to which they primarily belong, the following re¬ of one year or more has declined from the peak of sults are obtained: 9.4 billion dollars in 1929 to 1.15 billions in 1932 January February March and 722 millions in 1933, although during the nine (Index Numbers: 1923-1925 average=100) months ending March, 1934, in which the Securi¬ DURABLE GOODS INDUSTRIES ties Act has been in effect, issues totalled 650 Iron and Steel . 70 71 74 millions. The low level of activity in the heavy Machinery __ _ 62 64 67 industries may be as reasonably ascribed to the Lumber . 44 45 46 economic situation as to the Securities Act: for Transportation Equipment . 58 62 66 the recent expansion in automobile production Cement, Clay and Glass . 54 57 57 proceeded on the strength of renewed consumer Non-ferrous Metals 62 61 64 demand without the need of new capital finan¬ CONSUMERS’ GOODS INDUSTRIES cing; and contrariwise the railroads, whose finan¬ Textiles ... . 79 85 87 cing is not subject to the Securities Act, have had Food _ . . 90 92 93 to seek Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans Paper and Printing 90 91 92 for refinancing to a total of more than four hun¬ Leather _ . 79 84 87 dred million dollars since February 2. 1932, and Chemicals and Drugs 102 102 103 loan contracts with the Public Works Adminis¬ Rubber Products . 80 81 83 Tobacco - 63 68 70 tration totalling 171 millions for the rehabilita¬ tion and new equipment necessary, after a pro¬ If the highest and lowest indices in each class longed period of scrimped maintenance, to meet (those relating to iron and steel, lumber, chem- the intensified competition of road and air trans¬ icals and drugs, and tobacco) are dropped and the port. With a view to meeting the needs of es¬ remaining extremes taken as evidencing the typical tablished industries for new working capital which range, the latter is seen to be for the durable established credit sources are unable to supply, goods industries 54-62, 57-64, and 57-67 in Janu¬ there is under active consideration by Congress ary, February and March, respectively, as com¬ a bill to authorize the Federal Reserve Banks to pared with 79-90, 81-92, 73-93 in the same months extend direct loans of a maximum term of five for the consumers’ goods industries. While there years and total of 280 million dollars, and an¬ has been during these months a greater and more other to authorize the Reconstruction Finance Cor¬ rapid increase in activity in the former than in the poration to make direct loans to established in¬ latter, it is evident that unemployment remains dustries to a total of 250 millions. especially concentrated in the durable goods in¬ Probably in anticipation of a great increase in dustries. demand, the consumers’ goods industries could This fact has been much referred to in the many find opportunities for substantial capital invest¬ attacks that have been made on the Securities Act ment in rehabilitation, improvement and exten¬ of 1933 and the bills now before Congress for sion of plants. The Consumers’ Industries Com¬ regulation of the stock exchanges. The Durable mittee appointed at the code authorities confer¬ Goods Industries Committee appointed at the con¬ ence last March has announced that it was con¬ vention of NRA code authorities early last March ducting a survey of the possibilities. To the ex¬ to inquire into the possibilities of increasing em¬ tent, however, that there is still excess capacity ployment by shorter hours with increased wage in these industries relative to existing demand— rates, has issued several statements urging modifi¬ and it is difficult to believe that this is not still 324 JHE i^MERICAIV pOREIGN $ERVICE JOURNAL DIRECTORY OF SELECTIVE FIRMS ABROAD

• BRITISH ISLES • FRANCE

• CHINA SHANGHAI’S LEADING THE CATHAY THE METROPOLE 250 ROOMS AND SUITES 200 ROOMS American & European Plan American Plan Only E. CARRARD, Ireneral Manager

• HUNGARY

B „ , „ D U N A PA LOTA THE SEA CAPTAINS’ SHOP U MRS. W. TORNROTH HOTELS- 49 Nanking Road Shanghai A H U N GAR 1 A P Lingerie, Lounge Garments and Pajamas for Women and E UNDER ONE MANAGEMENT Men. Chinese Suits, Costumes, Old Embroideries, Bags. Curios and THINGS CHINESE. T ON THE CORSO FACING THE DANUBE

• CUBA • ITALY Hotel Palace-Ambassadeurs, Rome BACARDI (OPPOSITE THE AMERICAN EMBASSY) ( Special Reduced Rates for Diplomats ) QUALITY SINCE 1862 This hotel is unrivalled for its Palatial Beauty, located in the exclusive section of Rome, and near the Pincio Gardens. RENOWNED FOR ITS FINE CUISINE SANTIAGO DE CUBA RESTAURANT :: AMERICAN BAR :: GRILL ROOM C. F. ROTA—Gen. Manager

• FRANCE • MEXICO HOTEL CONTINENTAL THE R I T Z Dominating Tuileries Gardens MEXICO CITY’S NEWEST, 3 RUE CASTIGLIONE, PARIS MOST MODERN Reductions are accorded to Officers of the AND SMARTEST HOTEL American Foreign Service. LUCAS DE PALACIO, Managing Director

325 HE ERICAN ffl T A¥ pQREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

the general situation—it would seem more logical collapse in the existing home mortgage system to attempt to stimulate the durable goods indus¬ by refinancing with federal aid. A new trend tries by reviving demand for their products else¬ toward encouraging repair and construction is where. To this effect the Public Works Adminis¬ evident in the passage of a recent amendment to tration has already expended 352 millions of the Home Owners’ Loan Act authorizing the lend¬ dollars since July 1, in loans and grants to states, ing of federal funds up to a total of two hundred cities and other political entities, for public works millions for such work. The Public Works Ad¬ construction (64 millions), in advances to the ministration through its Housing Division has railroads (24.5 millions), on highway construc¬ been seeking to encourage slum clearance and tion (197 millions), on river and harbor work urban low-cost housing construction, and has been (52 millions) and on Boulder Dam (14.4 mil¬ undertaking such activities directly through its lions) ; of the total, 162 millions have been spent Emergency Housing Corporation, with some delay since January first. Substantial reemployment in attributed to the efforts of real estate speculators the heavy industries on an export basis should to obtain excessive prices for the necessary land. also result from the reciprocal trade agreements Meanwhile, according to information appearing to be negotiated following enactment of the tariff from time to time in the press, further plans for bill which has passed the House and will probably stimulating residential construction have for sev¬ have been voted upon by the Senate before these eral months been the subject of study by the Na¬ lines appear in print. tional Emergency Council in cooperation with all other interested government agencies, the first re¬ The greatest opportunities for reemployment sult of which, according to recent reports, is ex¬ in the heavy industries undoubtedly lie in resi¬ pected to be the early introduction into Congress dential construction, which is generally conceded of a bill to provide an improved system of real to have been far below an adequate level for estate financing aided by a partial government the low-income majority even in the most pros¬ guarantee, with a view to encouraging large perous times. The extent of depression in this amounts of private capital to enter the field at field is evident from the Federal Reserve Board’s reasonable rates and thus stimulate renewed con¬ index of residential construction contracts, which struction. fell from an average of 122 in the peak years In addition to the possibilities of reemployment 1925-28 to 87 in 1929, 50 in 1930, 37 in 1931, 13 in 1932 and 11 in 1933, and has shown no in existing industries outlined in the foregoing paragraphs, there are wide opportunities for em¬ noticeable evidence of revival since then. Evident¬ ployment in new activities, economically and so¬ ly this does not indicate that the country is ade¬ cially useful and even necessary, to which private quately built up, but rather that there is an enor¬ mous accumulated need estimated at from thirty enterprise has not in the past given adequate to forty billions of dollars. Unemployment and attention. These include the conservation of nat¬ ural resources in forest, soil and stream, such as reduced incomes have caused families to move to cramped, less desirable quarters and to “double the Emergency Conservation Work upon which the up with each other; repairs and maintenance Civilian Conservation Corps is engaged at an ex¬ pense of twenty to thirty million dollars a month; have been neglected and remodelling and new the rehabilitation of economic areas in a balanced building have been almost negligible. Increased and integrated manner as in the Tennessee employment at better incomes may be expected to River Valley on the basis of cheap electric power lead to larger monthly' expenditures on housing, in widespread distribution; the development of whether by rent or by purchase, which could be parks and playground; the rehabilitation of pub¬ quickly capitalized in repair, remodelling and lic education which has suffered serious setback new construction and so provide effective stimu¬ in recent years and the promotion of which is vital lation to the lumber, brick, cement, glass, iron to the maintenance of effective democracy in the and steel and non-ferrous metal industries pro¬ increasing technical complexity of modern eco¬ vided an efficient financing system is devised to re¬ nomic life; and the development of innumerable place the cumbrous, inefficient and costly lack of cultural activities for the new leisure which the system which developed before there were re¬ advances in the technical efficiency of industry strictions such as those of any Federal Securities make possible, and economic reform can make Act. actual. And in all the foregoing nothing has been Under the Federal Home Loan Bank Act of said of the stimulating effect of a balanced and July 22, 1932, and the Home Owners’ Loan Act prosperous agriculture, the problem of obtaining of June 13, 1933, the Federal Government’s ef¬ which is too complex for even the briefest de¬ forts have been primarily devoted to averting scription here. 326 SYMBOL OF SERVICE TO THE WORLD

Member companies of Socony-Vacuum Corporation market the products of petroleum in sixty-three of the sixty-four countries of the earth.

327 A NEW ERA IN TRANS¬ seats provide individual dining car service for the PORTATION passengers, and the source of supplies is a small but well-stocked “bar” in the middle of the coach. (Continued jrom page 291) It is a favorite boast of the German railways that the barman can fill a liqueur glass at a speed of speed of the streamlined train is amply demon¬ nearly 100 miles an hour (the speed is the train’s, strated in the interest aroused by both the Burling¬ not the barman’s) without spilling a drop. ton and the Union Pacific offerings when they went on tour this spring. In Washington, the latter Not content with leading the world in the intro¬ attracted a throng of 32,753 goggle-eyed visitors duction of the first practical streamlined railway when it “showed” for a single day at the Union “motor coach,” the Germans have turned their at¬ tention to streamlined steam locomotives as well. Station, and President Roosevelt was one of the The German Railways have ordered from the Borsig first aboard to make an inspection. Secretary Hull went over the “Zephyr” when it visited New York, Locomotive Works a three cylinder express loco¬ and in every city where the trains were on exhibi¬ motive, to attain a speed of 105 miles an hour with tion, patient crowds awaited their turn to see what an assembly of five express cars and one baggage they are going to be riding in in the future. This car, the six cars weighing 250 tons. Entirely en¬ summer the “Zephyr” is to be put into service be¬ cased in a smoothly rounded coat of tin, this engine tween Kansas City and Lincoln, Nebraska, and the will be a very different sight from that usually pre¬ Union Pacific train is to go into operation on spe¬ sented by a steam locomotive, only a very small cial runs west of Chicago. If they are a success, part of the giant wheels being visible. Lower pro¬ and none but the most conservative doubt that they duction costs and less fuel consumption are claimed. will be, more such equipment is bound to follow, In France, the Bugatti “automotrice” is in suc¬ with particular attention given to transcontinental cessful operation on the French State Railways be¬ units. In fact, the Union Pacific has already ordered tween Paris and Deauville. This type of carrier, a second train of six articulated cars, including a often referred to as a “railmobile,” is equipped power car with a 900 h.p. Diesel engine, a mail- with four 200 h.p. Bugatti motors and reached on baggage car, three Pullman sleepers and a com¬ trial runs the record speed of 171 km. per hour. bined coach and observation car; and the New On its daily schedule it rushes the tired French York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad has con¬ business man over the 221 km. from the cares of tracted for 50 streamlined, air-conditioned day Paris to the seductive sands of Trouville or Deau¬ coaches in gay color combinations and with seats ville in two hours flat, and it has room for 80 pas¬ built on automotive principles, to be placed in sengers and their luggage. service this fall. Announcement has also been made that the South Foreign countries are well to the fore in the de¬ Manchuria Railway Company is to employ a velopment of streamlined trains and to Germany streamlined locomotive to cover the 437 miles be¬ goes the credit of being the pioneer in this field. tween Dairen and Shinkyo in seven hours, and a Ever since May 15, 1933, the German Railroad Soviet engineer has planned a radical kind of elec¬ Company’s “Hanseatic Express” or, as it is more tric train to run not on rails but in a semi-circular popularly known, the “Flying Hamburger,” has concrete trough. Coaches are equipped with huge been eating up the 180 miles between Berlin and balls instead of wheels, which fit the trough and Hamburg on a schedule of two hours and twenty theoretically permit the train to take curves at any¬ minutes. This redoubtable “schnelltriebwagon” has thing up to 200 miles an hour. touched 106 miles an hour on trial runs and with The first products of the streamline age are 102 passengers it develops a top speed of approxi¬ frankly an experiment. So far, they have been built mately 100 miles per hour on the stretch between for day use only and the new era in transportation the German capital and the seaport. The motive cannot be said to have taken definite shape until power in this case consists of a Diesel engine manu¬ provision is made for overnight travel. But that is factured by the Maybach Motor Works which de¬ on its way, and if the railroads continue their efforts livers 410 h.p. communicated electrically to the along these lines to recoup the traffic losses they driving wheels. The train is in reality a double have suffered they will have to spend for both day coach in two halves, with two axles at each end and night equipment much more than the $200,000 and a common axle in the center. It has none of which its remarkable new train cost the Union the typical European compartments, each of the Pacific. At any rate, the spirit of “Tomorrow’s coach’s halves being in the nature of one large Train Today” seems to be animating the roads at salon with seats for about 50 passengers. Here present, rather than “Today’s Train Tomorrow”— again small portable tables placed in front of the a slogan with which many of them, it must be ad- 328 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL mitted, appeared to be satisfied until the airplane and the motorbus began to show them a few things. The Iron Horse of the last few decades is threat¬ ened with extinction by a powerful creature of ad¬ vanced contours, whose watchwords are speed, com¬ fort and safety.

RELIEF OF WIDOWS OF FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS For several years Congress has appropriated from time to time a year’s salary for widows of officers who have died in the Service, but during the past year or so these appropriations have been discontinued. On May 3, 1934, however, the Presi¬ dent approved a bill appropriating for “Anne B. Slocum, widow of Clarence Rice Slocum, late American Consul at Fiume, the sum of $3,500, be¬ ing one year’s salary of her late husband, who died while in the Foreign Service.” Mr. Slocum was in the Service about nine years and died at his post on February 25, 1912. There was nothing in the discussion of the Bill to indicate that a previous relief bill for his widow had been WORLD SERVICE introduced. The essential consideration in the matter of the far relief of widows of Foreign Service officers seems TRAVELERS to be whether the officers died while in the active The American Express Travel Service scene above is Service. Under date of May 9, 1934, the President typical. It begins when the Company’s uniformed in¬ vetoed a bill authorizing the payment to Mrs. terpreter meets travelers at foreign railroad terminals, Corinne Blackburn Gale, widow of William Holt and continues with— Gale, formerly Consul General at Budapest and All details incidental to foreign travel. .. American Foreign Service officer, retired, the sum Foreign financial accommodations . . • The shipment of merchandise and valuables of $8,000, being one year’s salary of her deceased . . . Marine Insurance . . • Customs Clear¬ husband at the rate of pay received by him at the ances . . • Mail, Cable and Wireless time of his retirement in 1929. service In his veto message, the President stated: Traveling Americans seek help, advice and informa¬ “This bill is objectionable because it provides for the tion from the American government representatives in payment of a gratuity to the widow of a retired Foreign cities abroad. In many of these foreign cities are Service officer who, after his retirement and until his death American Express offices equipped to take over the in April, 1932, received retirement pay at the rate of business of serving such Americans in their travel, for¬ $3,596.77 yearly from the Government. While Congress eign financial and shipping requirements, and in gen¬ has in some instances authorized payment to the widow of eral to give them the assistance and information so a Foreign Service officer who died while in active service important to traveling Americans. of one year’s salary of her deceased husband, no payment Because of their strategic locations and because of the of this kind has been authorized to the widow of a Foreign wide variety of services they are able to perform, the Service officer who died after being retired, and I deem it American Express offices can be of assistance to those inadvisable to establish a precedent of approving payments who are attending to our government’s activities in for¬ of this character.” eign lands. A number of bills granting one year’s salary to widows of officers have passed either or both Houses of Congress and the fact that the President AMERICAN approved the one for Mrs. Slocum is evidence that the former practice may be renewed. The JOURNAL will print a list of these relief bills which become EXPRESS law when the present session of Congress ends. TRAVEL, FINANCIAL, SHIPPING SERVICE L. C. P. 329 RECREATIONS IN PARIS Individual players pay 2 francs per game. (Continued, from, page 313) Squash:—There is a good club available for squash. The cost of membership is about 350 francs When it is necessary to use artificial lighting, an per year. additional charge of 15 to 18 francs per hour is made. One can rent a court at one of the indoor Fencing:—Any number of fencing clubs, with places for 20 to 25 francs per hour. very low charges, are available. Swimming:—There is a large, modern, outdoor Billiards:—-There are also billiard halls. The pool in one of the good residential sections, near charge is 5-10 francs per hour. the Bois de Boulogne, where swimming can be General Sports:—For those who are sedentary enjoyed during the warm season for a few francs. and vicarious sportsmen there is ample amusement Skating:—There are two indoor rinks and one throughout the year. There is horse racing at some outdoor rink where skating on artificial ice can of the many racetracks in the Paris region nearly be practised throughout the winter season. The every day in the year. There are numerous boxing charges are nominal—10 to 12 francs. and wrestling matches, soccer, bicycle racing, polo, Bowling:—There are several bowling alleys. pelote basque, rowing, trap-shooting and ping-pong. The cheapest are those of the American Church. WM. E. DE COURCY.

STAFF OF THE AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL, MEXICO CITY Seated, left to right: Vice Consul Kent Leavitt, Vice Consul John S. Lit tell, Consul Dudley G. Dwyre, Consul General Thomas D. Bowman, Consul Arthur F. Tower, Vice Consul William P. Cochran, Vice Consul Victor H. Loftus (District Accounting and Disbursing Officer) ; Second Row: Vice Consul John Wilson, Jr., Vice Consul Andrew E. Donovan, Vice Consul Winfield H. Minor, Vice Consul Thomas J. Maleady, Vice Consul Jack D. Neal (D.A.D.O.), Vice Consul Hyman Goldstein (D.A.D.O.) ; Third row: Mrs. Olive H. Jarrett, Miss Onita Foster, Mrs. Eunice Garner, Mr. A. J. Raymond, Miss Eleanor Shields, Miss Nathalie Boyd, Mr. Hector Sanchez Azcona, Miss Ethel Wragg, Mrs. Elizabeth Eistetter; Top Row: Messengers Teofilo Morales, Pablo Gonzalez, Francisco Hernandez. 330 IN THE SHADOW OF THE SOUTH POLE—AND UNITED FRUIT COmPANY THE POORHOUSE GREAT WHITE By CARLOS C. HALL, Vice Consul, Valparaiso FLEET The recent submission of Cost of Living State¬ ments lends interest to despatches written by a Regular Freight and Passenger Service Commercial Agent at Port Stanley, Falkland Is¬ BETWEEN lands, in 1869. New York, New Orleans, Boston and San Francisco At that time the Islands had no trade with the AND LTnited States, their exports of penguin, seal and Cuba, Jamaica, Panama, Colombia, Costa Rica, whale oil, wool, hides, etc., going chiefly to Eng¬ Guatemala, Honduras, British Honduras, land. The population numbered about 750. Mexico, Nicaragua, Salvador. Weekly service with transshipment at Cristobal The Agent, who spent 105 days in transit from (Canal Zone) to West Coast Ports of Central Tennessee to his post, states that his meager salary America, South America and Mexico at differ¬ and high local prices compelled him to keep house ential rates. Through bills of lading to all points. and cook for himself and to wash the greater part of Shipments to El Salvador handled expedi¬ his clothing. tiously via Puerto Barrios, Guatemala and the International Railways of Central America. “I cannot sell my drafts at all at this Consulate and the prices of living here at the rates demanded outreach For Rates and Other Information Address: my Annual Salary vastly (and poor living at best). “There is no Commerce with the U. S. From the FREIGHT TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT Falkland Islands, this Post is emphatically the end of the Pier 3, North River, New York, N. Y. world. No vessel ever sails beyond here and there is no 1001 Fourth St., Ill W. Washington St., foothold between this and the South Pole it is one eternal San Francisco, Calif. Chicago, III. space of ice and snow and storm. It has been snowing at Long Wharf, 321 St. Charles St., the Falklands without intermission for twenty days and Boston, Mass. New Orleans, La. nights, and the wind never ceases. General Offices: One Federal Street, Boston, Mass. “This Consular Post is important for the protection of American seamen and vessels in distress, nothing more. With a Native American Consul, no other. “And while the Government of the United States is HOTEL LAFAYETTE looking to the protection of its citizens upon the Sea, another portion is suffering upon the land . . . .” CORNER 16TH AND EYE STREETS, N. W. “I do not engage in trade at all; it is not worth one WASHINGTON, D. C. dollar annually. I relinquish to the Government that privilege. Furthermore, I have not the physical strength ENTIRELY MODERNIZED UNDER NEW (I am seventy years old this day). I cannot pay my office MANAGEMENT rent, nor for office furniture, only out of my annual salary. “I came twelve thousand miles to the Falkland Islands in good faith to the Government of the United States. It • Radio loud speaker in is the last consular post next to the South Pole. Beyond this, no vessel ever Sails, and human foot-print is never every room. Every room seen. It is emphatically the end of the world, South, and with tub and shower 1,250 Miles to the nearest Post, and one Mail every two months. bath. ® Coffee Shop— “I shall await the reply or action of the State Depart¬ Table and Counter Serv¬ ment in the matter, and will adhere to either its sugges¬ ice. • Dining Room— tions or decision cheerfully. But I wish a reply. I wrote on this subject on a former occasion and received no an¬ Table d’Hote and A la swer . . . .” Carte Service.

Friends of Miss Gericke, our genial Librarian, Only three minutes from State Department, the will be glad to hear that she is recuperating from White House, and Business Section. an illness of several weeks’ duration. SPECIAL DISCOUNT to all Diplomatic and Consular Officers

JEFFERSON L. FORD, JR. Mr. Hunter Miller, the Historical Adviser, has General Manager left for his annual vacation in British Columbia.

331 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

STUDY IN ORANGE to conclude briefly, they’re still picking up the pieces.” (Continued from page 322) “My. Too bad. Did it hurt him?” “I thought you had a date with the boy friend “To tell the truth, I don’t know whether it hurt today at ten?” said Woofus. him or not. But Kelly says it sure broke his neck.” “I did.” “Why so communicative? What’s the matter?” "I’m looking for a good man for my expedi¬ FOREIGN SERVICE WOMEN’S LUNCHEON tion. He should be, preferably, tall, good-look¬ The women of the American Foreign Service ing, brave, resourceful, and a college graduate. met for luncheon for the last time this season on I think that was your description.” Wednesday, May 9, at The Parrot Tea Room. “What’s the matter with that fellow I found you Among the forty-seven ladies present were Mrs. yesterday?” Cordell Hull. Mrs. William Phillips, Mrs. Wilbur “Oh, he was fine. Just the right type.” J. Carr and Mrs. William Castle, Jr. “What do you mean, he was fine?” Mrs. Carr, who acted as hostess, addressed the “He was—while he lasted.” group, thanking the out-going committee for its “While he lasted?” service during the year and announcing the per¬ “Exactly. I don’t know all the details, but sonnel of the in-coming committee: Mrs. Walton from what I could get out of Kelly, who saw it Ferris, chairman; Mrs. Mahlon Perkins, Mrs. Ed¬ from the door of his cantina, it was something ward T. Wailes, and Mrs. John Morgan. like this. Yesterday evening Jenkins was sitting As a fitting climax for the year and in order to on a bench in the park when some poor devil acquaint Mrs. Hull with the far-reaching travels came up and sat down on the same bench. The of the group, Mrs. Carr asked each lady present fellow pulled out an orange to eat, and I suppose to stand and name her last foreign post. he wanted to be friendly, so he offered one to I. P. Jenkins. Kelly says Jenkins just let out one ter¬ rible yell and dived at the astonished native. The CONSULAR ACTRESS native managed to get away, but Jenkins was close Mrs. Ernest L. Harris, wife of the Consul Gen¬ behind him. Kelly says it would have been a eral at Vienna, Austria, received high praise in wonderful race if Jenkins hadn’t stepped on a the Vienna Herald for the wit and charm of her piece of orange peel and done a solo flight, tail acting in a recent production of the English spin and nose dive all in rapid succession. Well, Amateurs of that city.

Photo from Mrs. H. D. Clura THE GUAYAS RIVER -FROM THE AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL, GUAYAQUIL 332 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

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PROWLING a fiasco of red wine on a deal table on the sea-wall. The conversation naturally turned on the sea and (Continued from page 294) they wanted to know if San Francisco, where I said mind, he picked one of the most entertaining spots in Naples for his clowning. There’s always some¬ I came from, was on the same sea as “our” sea. I thing amusing going on at the Porta Capuana. said, “In a manner of speaking, yes.” Then one Right across the Marine Parade from the big de asked, “Where does the sea finish?” luxe hotels is a lively quarter which tourists sel¬ That was a bit of a poser and I started out, dom stray into. It is the far side of the Santa Lucia “You see, the world being round ” I got no Basin, a yacht and fishing boat harbor, and is in¬ further. One held up his hand and said, “Excuse, habited by mussel growers, sailors, boatmen, fisher¬ Signor Console, but don’t joke.” So I didn’t press men and similar interesting persons. To the west the matter. I let it go as it lay. rises the sheer rock of the Egg which carries a castle whose forebears must have been there since Greek times and was once, so the local boys say, a part of the famous villa of Lucullus where be taught Personal Shopping Service the high life of Rome how to eat. The Basin is al¬ for you or with you in the best New York ways full of small craft—sailing yachts and dingys, shops. No service charge. Smart things double-ended fishing boats rowed by six men stand¬ for entire family, also furnishings for ing and facing forward, small one-man fishing boats homes. Economical and satisfactory. with a rig for acetylene flares and seven-tined spears Conversant with forwarding by diplomatic for octopus, battered clinker built row boats hired pouch. References within the service. by the hour by yelling boys and girls, eight-oared Telephone: Ashland 4-9580. shells from the smart rowing club and maybe a French or American schooner yacht. I have many E. J. TYNER friends in the Basin and once was a guest at dinner 130 EAST 40TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY with a group. We had spaghetti, fried mullet and 333 JHE /j^MERICAN pQREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

NEWS FROM THE FIELD PRAGUE (Continued from page 307) The Acting Trade Commissioner, George R. Canty, went to Warsaw in the same capacity on tiative to a company organized by two American March 31, and was replaced by Mr. Basil D. Dahl, consular officers, Mr. Strobel, Consul at Bordeaux, who had been acting as Commercial Attache in and Mr. P. Columbus Fenwick, Consul at Nantes, Warsaw provisionally and is in the same capacity from 1821 to 1836. The activities of these gentle¬ here until Commercial Attache Woods, who sailed men were not inhibited by the present undoubtedly from New York on April 4, on the S. S. President wise regulation which prevents consular officers Wilson, returns. Mr. Dahl’s permanent post is in from engaging in business. Stockholm. The Consulate was informed of this instance of W. N. W., JR. commercial enterprise by M. Giraud-Mangin, Con- servaleur honoraire of the Bibliotheque Municipale SHEFFIELD of Nantes, who found the reference in the Annates de la Marine Nantaise published about 1830. Those consular officers now living who have H. F. HAWLEY. served at Sheffield recently joined in presenting a silver tray to Mr. Thomas H. Cook, who for forty- CHERBOURG eight years served the American Government in the Consulates at Nottingham and Sheffield. Mr. Henry Foreign Service Officers crossing the Atlantic on S. Waterman, the present Consul, invited Mr. Cook vessels calling at Cherbourg may be interested to and his daughter, Mrs. Levens, to come to Sheffield learn that direct use of the new maritime landing from their home in Liverpool on April 10th and in stage will probably be made in the near future, the presence of the office staff presented the tray, eliminating the use of tenders. which was inscribed as follows:

MARSEILLE To THOMAS II. COOK On the occasion of his recent transfer from Mar¬ A token of esteem and appreciation commemo¬ seille to Stuttgart, Consul and Mrs. James P. Mof- rating forty-eight years of faithful and efficient fitt were presented with an old Marseille hand- service in the American Consulates in Nottingham wrought piece of silver and a Provengal faience and Sheffield from all of his old “Chiefs” still liv¬ fruitier by the members of the Consulate s staff. ing: Before leaving for Stuttgart Mr. and Mrs. Mof- Frank W. Mahin 1902-1910 fitt were the guests of honor at numerous teas and Calvin M. Hitch .. „ 1915-1923 dinners given by the members of the Marseille Samuel T. Lee 1923-1925 American colony. Homer Brett 1926-1928 Henry S. Waterman 1933-1934 SEVILLE Following the presentation the entire company adj ourned to the Grand Hotel for a luncheon which Holy Week in Seville resumed its former bril¬ Mr. Waterman gave in Mr. Cook’s honor. liant aspect, when, after a lapse of two years, the celebrated religious processions of the brother¬ hoods carrying magnificently adorned statues of RANGOON saints again appeared in the narrow streets of the The American Consulate Challenge Cup, donated city and were enthusiastically greeted by large by Consul Winfield H. Scott, and competed for an¬ crowds of spectators. nually by basketball teams throughout the Prov¬ Among recent visitors at the consulate were ince, was won for the second year in succession Captain LeBreton, Naval Attache at Paris and by the Chinese basketball team. Entries included Madrid, accompanied by Mrs. LeBreton and their Chinese, Indian, Burmese, Karen, Kachin, and daughter on a motor trip through Spain and North other indigenous tribal teams. It is rumored that Africa, and Major Paul C. Marmion, United States Consul Scott offered an extra inducement in the Marine Corps, who arrived in Seville for the fes¬ shape of individual prize knives if the Wa head¬ tivities of Holy Week. hunters would compete, but owing to the unso¬ Consul Richard Ford, who is on leave of ab¬ ciable proclivities of this tribe, and the dangerous sence in the United States, is expected to return association of ideas (they carry about their late in April. trophies in baskets), the committee declined to ac¬ J. B. 0. cept their entry in order to ensure headway. 334 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

Vice Consul Kazanjian again won the Hall Cup Open Singles Lawn Tennis Championship of Bur¬ ma without the loss of a set. R. S. K.

UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Surgeon R. R. Sayers was directed on April 23, 1934, to proceed from Washington, D. C., to Ge¬ neva, Switzerland, to attend the meeting of the Advisory Committee on Industrial Hygiene of the International Labor Office.

FASHION NOTE The usually solemn United States News in a lighter moment recently told its readers of the gentle sex that the wives of diplomats in Washing¬ ton are wearing printed silk frocks with tiny fig¬ ures or flowers strewn over dark backgrounds and added that at a tea recently given by the Minis¬ ter of Greece and Madame Simopoulos, Senora de Cardenas, wife of the Spanish Ambassador, wore a print dress with small beige and red figures on black and Madame Simopoulos wore a print dress with figures in green, yellow, and rose. THIS IS DIFFERENT Budapest, March 20, 1934. His Excellency, John F. Montgomery, Esq., Minister of the United States to Hungary, Budapest. Sir: I have the unpleasant duty of entering herewith a formal protest against Secretary of Legation, Mr. Robert English, for unbecoming conduct on the night of March 19, 1934. Two preceding players having passed, the writer bid two Clubs, whereupon Mr. English, as fourth, bid a grand slam in Spades. The two following players again passed and the writer, holding Ace and King of Clubs and Ace and King of Diamonds, took the liberty of doubling, which in turn Mr. English promptly redoubled. Upon my partner leading out a small club, Mr. English placed his hand upon the table, exposing the following: Spades: A-K-Q-J-10. Hearts: A-K-Q-10-8-7-5-2. Credit Mr. English 2,490 points. I content myself, Your Excellency, with bring¬ ing this affair to your attention. A disillusioned bridge player, (Signed) LUCIAN T. ZELL. 335 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

VISITING OFFICERS Knowlton V. Hicks, Goteborg, on leave at Troy, New York 3 The following officers and clerks called at the Donald H. Robinson, Calcutta, on leave at Glen Department on leave or en route to their posts Ridge, New Jersey 3 during the past month, their names being taken S. Walter Washington, Bogota, on leave at Charles¬ from the Register in Room 115, Department of town, West Virginia 3 State: Calvin M. Hitch, Wellington, on leave for 60 days 3 Carmel Offie, Tegucigalpa, on leave at Portage, Pa. 3 DATE OF

REGISTRATION Robert M. Scotten, Santiago, on leave until May 26 4 A pril Francis H. Styles, Chihuahua, on leave at Falls Church, Virginia 4 Archer Woodford, from Berlin, on leave in Paris, W. Lawrence Young, Habana, sailing for Habana, Kentucky, until April 14 , 12 May 9 4 Charles R. Cameron, Habana, on leave in Wash¬ Julius C. Holmes, Bucharest, on leave at Lawrence, ington : 12 Kansas i 7 Benjamin M. Hulley, Dublin; sailing for Dublin James W. Gantenbein, Santo Domingo, sailing for April 14 13 Santo Domingo, May 10 7 Charles H. Derry, Paris, leaving for Mazatlan in Lee Worley, Bahia, leaving Washington May 9 8 about two weeks— 14 Monroe B. Hall, Mukden, leaving Washington George D. Hopper, Montreal, on leave for two May 9 — ______, 8 weeks 16 Robert L. Hunter, Windsor, on leave at Milbank, J. Hall Paxton, Canton, on leave at Danville, Vir¬ South Dakota 9 ginia 16 Terry S. Hinkle, Halifax, on sick leave 10 Edgar L. McGinnis, Jr., La Ceiba, on leave at O. Gaylord Marsh, Guatemala, leaving for Guate¬ Pittsburgh, Pa. 16 mala, May 25 11 Cecil W. Gray, Berlin, on leave at Bristol, Ten¬ Romeyn Wormuth, Nuevo Laredo, leaving for nessee, for 60 days 17 Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, to visit family 11 Raymond E. Cox, Buenos Aires, on leave at Rad¬ Louis Sussdorff, Jr., Brussels, two weeks in Wash¬ nor, Pa. 19 ington . _ 11 Edward Caffery, Niagara Falls, on leave 20 John A. Bywater, Frankfort-on-Main, on leave in John H. Fuqua, London, on leave for 60 days 21 Washington . 11 Julius C. Jensen, Oslo, on leave at Sioux City, H. Earle Russell, Alexandria, on leave at Ravenna, Iowa, for 60 days 23 Ohio 14 Fayette J. Flexer, Habana. Assigned to Depart¬ George V. Allen, Shanghai, in Washington 6 weeks 14 ment - . 23 Ilernan C. Vogenitz, Moncton, on leave at New- Mrs. Elma P. Lauvirk, Budapest, on leave at San comerstown, Ohio 1 14 Francisco, California 23 Marie E. Johnson, Sao Paulo, on leave at Minne¬ Howard Elting, Jr., Istanbul, on leave at New apolis, Minnesota 14 Rochelle, New York 23 Lester Sockwell, Nuevitas, on leave at Alvarado, J. Kenly Bacon, Lima, on leave at Boston, Mass., Texas 14 for 60 days 23 Reginald S. Carey, temporarily in Department, Robert D. Murphy, Paris. Returning, sailed May 2 24 sailing for Rio de Janeiro, May 26 15 Margaret Menzel, Paris, on leave at Washington 24 John H. Lord, London, on leave at Plymouth, Mass. 15 Merritt Swift, Stockholm, on leave until May 31 25 Rufus H. Lane. Jr., Patras, on leave at Falls Carlos C. Hall, Valparaiso, on leave at Kingman, Church, Virginia 15 Arizona , 25 John C. Pool, Buenos Aires, temporarily detailed to John R. Wood, Paris, sailing for Paris May 19— 26 Department : 16 Mary Jane Porter, Vienna, on leave at Peabody, Kansas 28 May LETTERS

Wesley Frost, Montreal, on leave at Berea, Ken¬ (This column vfill he devoted each month to the publication, tucky 1 in whole or in part, of letters to the Editor from members of the Association on topics of general interest. Such letters are to Theo. A. Xantaky, Rio de Janeiro, leaving for Bra¬ be regarded as expressing merely the personal opinion of the zil by plane May 3 1 writers and not necessarily the views of the JOURNAL, or of the Association.) Stephen E. C. Kendrick, Montreal 1 No letters have been received for publication during the past Edwin L. Neville, Tokyo, on leave for 60 days 2 month. Subscribers are invited to submit comment on matters of inter- Harold B. Quarton, Guayaquil, on leave at Algona, p't to the Service. The names of correspondents will not be pub¬ Iowa 2 lished or otherwise divulged when request to that effect is made. Communications intended for this column should he addressed: Marion Letcher, Antwerp, on leave in Washington “To the Editor, Foreign Service Journal, Care of the Department about ten days .. _ 3 of State, Washington, I). C.” 336 A CENTER OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE

1 HE International Buildings in ROCKEFELLER CENTER are fast becoming the headquarters of inter¬ national business activity in the United States. The British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise—the two buildings already completed—-are tenanted exclusively by British and French business interests or the American representatives of compa¬ nies handling the products of these two nations. LA MAISON FRANCATSE IN ROCKEFELLER CENTER

The Rockefeller Center Exhibition A stimulus to international trade is provided by the Rockefeller Center Exhibition Act, passed by the 72nd Congress. Under the provisions of this Act, 1. Tenants of the Development may exhibit imported articles for as long as two years without the payment of duty thereon. At the close of the exhibition, articles must be exported, placed in our bonded warehouse or delivered to a previous purchaser—in which latter event, the duty must be paid. 2. Samples of imported articles may be exhibited and orders filled from stocks of similar merchandise in the bonded warehouse. Such stocks or merchandise are dutiable as withdrawn from the warehouse. 3. During the course of the exhibition articles imported for it may be advertised, photographed, examined and copied, etc. They must, how¬ ever, be exhibited in the condition in which they enter the country.

LET US SEND YOU FULL DETAILS

W'E shall be pleased to send complete information concerning the exhibition fa¬ cilities at Rockefeller Center to firms in your consular district. Also, upon request, a copy of a new illustrated book, “ROCKE¬ FELLER CENTER,” will be mailed to any Diplomatic or Consular Officer.

Addretg: ROCKEFELLER CENTER, INC Dept. E THE BRITISH EMPIRE New York. N. Y. BUILDING IN ROCKEFELLER CENTER <<<

There is a leisurely gayety in Summer living delectable food on breeze-swept terraces, where at The Waldorf. It’s vacation time for inter¬ you linger on Summer nights. And afterwards, national travelers. And resort devotees return there’s refreshing sleep in the private-home often to sip frosted juleps in the always air¬ charm of your Waldorf room. Summer living cooled restaurants. There’s dancing on the becomes a perfected art at The Waldorf. For Starlight Roof high over New York. There’s rates and reservations, write, or cable collect.

SPECIAL ROOM RATES TO UNITED STATES FOREIGN AND CONSULAR SERVICES