SEPTEMBER 2020 | No 40 BROWN, GOLD, OR GREY MUZZLES THEY ALL NEED SPECIAL CARE
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Plasma Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fluralaner (Bravecto™) and Ivermectin Following Concurrent Administration to Dogs Feli M
Walther et al. Parasites & Vectors (2015) 8:508 DOI 10.1186/s13071-015-1123-8 SHORT REPORT Open Access Plasma pharmacokinetic profile of fluralaner (Bravecto™) and ivermectin following concurrent administration to dogs Feli M. Walther1*, Mark J. Allan2 and Rainer KA Roepke2 Abstract Background: Fluralaner is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing immediate and persistent flea, tick and mite control after a single oral dose. Ivermectin has been used in dogs for heartworm prevention and at off label doses for mite and worm infestations. Ivermectin pharmacokinetics can be influenced by substances affecting the p-glycoprotein transporter, potentially increasing the risk of ivermectin neurotoxicity. This study investigated ivermectin blood plasma pharmacokinetics following concurrent administration with fluralaner. Findings: Ten Beagle dogs each received a single oral administration of either 56 mg fluralaner (Bravecto™), 0.3 mg ivermectin or 56 mg fluralaner plus 0.3 mg ivermectin/kg body weight. Blood plasma samples were collected at multiple post-treatment time points over a 12-week period for fluralaner and ivermectin plasma concentration analysis. Ivermectin blood plasma concentration profile and pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax,tmax,AUC∞ and t½ were similar in dogs administered ivermectin only and in dogs administered ivermectin concurrently with fluralaner, and the same was true for fluralaner pharmacokinetic parameters. Conclusions: Concurrent administration of fluralaner and ivermectin does not alter the pharmacokinetics -
Medical Parasitology
MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY Anna B. Semerjyan Marina G. Susanyan Yerevan State Medical University Yerevan 2020 1 Chapter 15 Medical Parasitology. General understandings Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. Medical Parasitology focuses on parasites which cause diseases in humans. Awareness and understanding about medically important parasites is necessary for proper diagnosis, prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases. The most important element in diagnosing a parasitic infection is the knowledge of the biology, or life cycle, of the parasites. Medical parasitology traditionally has included the study of three major groups of animals: 1. Parasitic protozoa (protists). 2. Parasitic worms (helminthes). 3. Arthropods that directly cause disease or act as transmitters of various pathogens. Parasitism is a form of association between organisms of different species known as symbiosis. Symbiosis means literally “living together”. Symbiosis can be between any plant, animal, or protist that is intimately associated with another organism of a different species. The most common types of symbiosis are commensalism, mutualism and parasitism. 1. Commensalism involves one-way benefit, but no harm is exerted in either direction. For example, mouth amoeba Entamoeba gingivalis, uses human for habitat (mouth cavity) and for food source without harming the host organism. 2. Mutualism is a highly interdependent association, in which both partners benefit from the relationship: two-way (mutual) benefit and no harm. Each member depends upon the other. For example, in humans’ large intestine the bacterium Escherichia coli produces the complex of vitamin B and suppresses pathogenic fungi, bacteria, while sheltering and getting nutrients in the intestine. 3. -
ESCCAP Guidelines Final
ESCCAP Malvern Hills Science Park, Geraldine Road, Malvern, Worcestershire, WR14 3SZ First Published by ESCCAP 2012 © ESCCAP 2012 All rights reserved This publication is made available subject to the condition that any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise is with the prior written permission of ESCCAP. This publication may only be distributed in the covers in which it is first published unless with the prior written permission of ESCCAP. A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-1-907259-40-1 ESCCAP Guideline 3 Control of Ectoparasites in Dogs and Cats Published: December 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................4 SCOPE..............................................................................................................................................................5 PRESENT SITUATION AND EMERGING THREATS ......................................................................................5 BIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF ECTOPARASITES ...................................................................6 1. Fleas.............................................................................................................................................................6 2. Ticks ...........................................................................................................................................................10 -
Deconstructing Canine Demodicosis”
TESIS DOCTORAL TITULO: “Deconstructing canine demodicosis” AUTOR: Ivan Ravera DIRECTORES: Lluís Ferrer, Mar Bardagí, Laia Solano Gallego. PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO: Medicina i Sanitat Animals DEPARTAMENTO: Medicina i Cirurgia Animals UNIVERSIDAD: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 2015 Dr. Lluis Ferrer i Caubet, Dra. Mar Bardagí i Ametlla y Dra. Laia María Solano Gallego, docentes del Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animales de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, HACEN CONSTAR: Que la memoria titulada “Deconstructing canine demodicosis” presentada por el licenciado Ivan Ravera para optar al título de Doctor por la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, se ha realizado bajo nuestra dirección, y considerada terminada, autorizo su presentación para que pueda ser juzgada por el tribunal correspondiente. Y por tanto, para que conste firmo el presente escrito. Bellaterra, el 23 de Septiembre de 2015. Dr. Lluis Ferrer, Dra. Mar Bardagi, Ivan Ravera Dra. Laia Solano Gallego Directores de la tesis doctoral Doctorando AGRADECIMIENTOS A los alquimistas de guantes azules A los otros luchadores - Ester Blasco - Diana Ferreira - Lola Pérez - Isabel Casanova - Aida Neira - Gina Doria - Blanca Pérez - Marc Isidoro - Mercedes Márquez - Llorenç Grau - Anna Domènech - los internos del HCV-UAB - Elena García - los residentes del HCV-UAB - Neus Ferrer - Manuela Costa A los veterinarios - Sergio Villanueva - del HCV-UAB - Marta Carbonell - dermatólogos españoles - Mónica Roldán - Centre d’Atenció d’Animals de Companyia del Maresme A los sensacionales genetistas -
Nepalese Veterinary Journal
Nepalese Veterinary Journal Vol. 31 2014 Regd. ZCBA 7/2025/26 Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Dr. Peetambar Singh Kushwaha Editors Dr. Doj Raj Khanal Dr. Salina Manandhar Dr. Yadav Sharma Bajagai Dr. Kamal Raj Acharya Dr. Meera Prajapati Computer Setting Mrs. Pramina Shrestha NEPAL VETERINARY ASSOCIATION Veterinary Complex Tripureshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel/ Fax: 4257496 P. O. Box No.: 11462 E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] Website: www.nva.org.np Annual Subscription: Nepal: NRs. 300/ SAARC Countries: NRs. 500/ Other Countries: US $ 15 Acknowledgement The editorial team of Nepal Veterinary Association acknowledges the contribution of following veterinarians for peer reviewing submitted manuscripts for this issue. Dr. Revati Man Shrestha Dr. K.P. Poudel Dr. V.C. Jha Dr. Rajesh Jha Dr. Krishna Kumar Thakur Dr. B.K. Nirmal Contents Editorial 1. A Review on Status of Foot and Mouth Disease and Its Control Strategy in Nepal V. C. Jha 2. Sero-Surveillance of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Pigs of Kathmandu Valley M. Prajapati, R. Prajapati, P. Shrestha and R. Prajapati 3. Prevalence of E. coli in Goat Meat in Kathmandu Valley S. Bhandari, H. B. Basnet and R. K. Bhattarai 4. Proximate and Microbial Analysis of Fresh, Dried and Fried Naini Fish (Cirrhinus Mrigala) N. Pradhan, N. K. Roy, S. K. Wagle and M. B. Shrestha 5. Rice Milling Coproducts: Potential Feed Ingredients for Livestock and Poultry in Nepal N. K. Sharma, S. Gami and N. Sharma 6. Veterinary Students and Veterinarians Perception towards Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health B. B. Tiwari, N. Paudyal and P. -
Progressive Facial Lesion in a Community Cat Sarah Steen, DVM Lisa M
January 2020 A Peer-Reviewed Journal | cliniciansbrief.com PROGRESSIVE FACIAL IN THIS ISSUE LESION IN A CAT Feline Compulsive Disorder Shaking & Facial Twitching in a Terrier Differential Diagnoses for Tremors Cloudy Eye in a Labrador Retriever: Choose Your Treatment Approach Differential Diagnosis List: Hypophosphatemia Volume 18 Number 1 THE OFFICIAL CLINICAL PRACTICE JOURNAL OF THE WSAVA January 2020 A Peer-Reviewed Journal | cliniciansbrief.com be a hero ® with Claro Guarantee compliance – Administer the only FDA-approved single-dose otitis externa treatment and rest your confidence on a 30-day duration of effect Eliminate the stress of at-home treatments – The power is in your hands to treat your patient’s ear infection in-clinic SAVE THE DAY. Use Claro® for your most common Otitis cases. Claro® is indicated for the treatment of otitis externa in dogs associated with susceptible strains of yeast (Malassezia pachydermatis) and bacteria (Staphylococcus pseudintermedius). CAUTION: Federal (U.S.A.) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Do not use in dogs with known tympanic membrane perforation. CLARO® is contraindicated in dogs with known or suspected hypersensitivity to florfenicol, terbinafine hydrochloride, or mometasone furoate. ©2020 Bayer, Shawnee Mission, Kansas 66201 Bayer and Claro are registered trademarks of Bayer. CL20299 BayerDVM.com/Claro 50782-12_CB_FrontCoverTipOn_Feb_FA_cp.indd 1 12/16/19 4:12 PM ADVERSE REACTIONS: In a field study conducted in the United States (see EFFECTIVENESS), there were no directly attributable adverse reactions in 146 dogs administered CLARO®. (florfenicol, terbinafine, mometasone furoate) To report suspected adverse drug events and/or obtain a copy of the Safety Data Otic Solution Sheet (SDS) or for technical assistance, contact Bayer HealthCare at 1-800-422-9874. -
International Evidence-Based Medicine Survey of the Veterinary Profession: Information Sources Used by Veterinarians
RESEARCH ARTICLE International Evidence-Based Medicine Survey of the Veterinary Profession: Information Sources Used by Veterinarians Selene J. Huntley, Rachel S. Dean, Andrew Massey, Marnie L. Brennan* Centre for Evidence-based Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom * [email protected] a11111 Abstract Veterinarians are encouraged to use evidence to inform their practice, but it is unknown what resources (e.g. journals, electronic sources) are accessed by them globally. Under- standing the key places veterinarians seek information can inform where new clinically rele- OPEN ACCESS vant evidence should most effectively be placed. An international survey was conducted to Citation: Huntley SJ, Dean RS, Massey A, Brennan gain understanding of how veterinary information is accessed by veterinarians worldwide. ML (2016) International Evidence-Based Medicine Survey of the Veterinary Profession: Information There were 2137 useable responses to the questionnaire from veterinarians in 78 countries. Sources Used by Veterinarians. PLoS ONE 11(7): The majority of respondents (n = 1835/2137, 85.9%) undertook clinical work and worked in e0159732. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159732 a high income country (n = 1576/1762, 89.4%). Respondents heard about the survey via Editor: Patrick Butaye, Ross University School of national veterinary organisations or regulatory bodies (31.5%), online veterinary forums Veterinary Medicine, SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS and websites (22.7%), regional, discipline-based or international veterinary organisations Received: April 11, 2016 (22.7%) or by direct invitation from the researchers or via friends, colleagues or social Accepted: July 7, 2016 media (7.6%). -
<I>Demodex Musculi</I> in the Skin of Transgenic Mice
REPORTS Demodex musculi in the Skin of Transgenic Mice LORI R. HILL, DVM,1 PAM S. KILLE, LAT,1 DALE A. WEISS, LATG,1 THOMAS M. CRAIG, DVM, PHD,2 AND LEZLEE G. COGHLAN, DVM1 Abstract ͉ Although infestations by a number of Demodex mite species have been described in mice, the occurrence of Demodex musculi infestation was last reported by Hirst in 1917. This communication describes the occurrence of D. musculi infestation in two lines of transgenic mice and their F1-hybrid offspring. We first found the Demodex mite in mouse hair samples collected during efficacy screenings in an ongoing ectoparasite treatment trial for the fur mite Radfordia affinis. An investigation was undertaken to determine the extent of the Demodex infestation within the facility and the original source of the parasite. D. musculi was found in three of the four mouse genotypes present in the index room and in one of these genotypes in two other rooms. The mite was not found in sentinel mice, other strains, or stocks within the facility. The mites were more easily recovered from the immunodeficient B6,CBA-TgN(CD3E)26Cpt transgenic (Tg) and the hybrid double-Tg (B6,CBA-TgN(CD3E)26Cpt x B6,SENCARB- TgN(pk5prad1)7111Sprd)F1 mice than from the B6,SENCARB-TgN(pk5prad1)7111Sprd Tg mouse, which is believed to be immunocompetent despite its thymic abnormalities. Histopathologic examination showed D. musculi superficially in hair follicles but not in the preputial or clitoral gland or in serial sections of the head, eyelids, or ears, the locations favored by other mouse demodicids. -
Demodectic Mange
Demodectic Mange (Demodicosis) Basics OVERVIEW • An inflammatory parasitic skin disease of dogs and rarely cats, caused by a species of the mite genus, Demodex • Skin disease is characterized by an increased number of mites in the hair follicles and top layer of the skin (known as the “epidermis”), which often leads to secondary bacterial infections and infections deep in the hair follicles, often with resultant rupturing of the hair follicle (known as “furunculosis”) • May be localized (in which one or a few small patches of affected skin are present, frequently seen on the face or forelegs) or generalized (in which numerous skin lesions are present on the head, legs, and body) • “Demodectic mange,” “demodicosis,” and “red mange” (dogs) are all terms for the same skin disease • Three species of Demodex mites have been identified in dogs: Demodex canis, Demodex injai, and Demodex cornei; two species have been identified in cats: Demodex cati and Demodex gatoi GENETICS • The initial increase in number of demodectic mites in the hair follicles may be the result of a genetic or immunologic disorder SIGNALMENT/DESCRIPTION OF PET Species • Dogs—common • Cats—rare Breed Predilections • West Highland white terrier, Shih Tzu and wirehaired fox terrier—greasy inflammation of the skin with increased accumulations of surface skin cells, such as seen in dandruff (accumulations known as “scales”; condition known as “seborrheic dermatitis”) associated with Demodex injai • American staffordshire terrier, Shar-Pei, Boston terrier, English Bulldog and -
Canine Demodicosis Catherine A
Ettinger & Feldman – Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Client Information Sheet Canine Demodicosis Catherine A. Outerbridge What is demodicosis? Canine demodicosis is also known as demodectic mange or red mange. It is a skin disease caused by the mite Demodex canis, a mite that lives deep within the hair follicle. This mite is a normal inhabitant of dog skin but is typically only present in extremely small numbers. Demodex mites are species specific and are not contagious to other animals or humans. Other mammalian species (including humans!) have their own demodex mites that can be found in small numbers in normal skin. In some dogs an increase in the number of mites can occur and the increased mite population can cause skin disease. Two forms of canine demodicosis exist: Localized demodicosis involves fewer than five lesions over the body. Often this form resolves on its own or with local therapy. This is the form most often seen in puppies. Generalized demodicosis involves five or more lesions or may involve one or two large areas of infection (i.e., over the face and muzzle area or involving two or more feet). Generalized demodicosis can become a severe chronic disease. Unless a correctable underlying cause can be found, lifelong treatment is sometimes necessary. Secondary bacterial skin infection (pyoderma) is often present which complicates the disease. Currently we do not know all the reasons that “trigger” the overpopulation of mites in the skin of dogs with demodicosis. In newborn puppies transmission of the demodex mite is thought to occur from the bitch to the nursing puppies. -
Demodectic Mange: It's Not What You Think! Stephen Sheldon, D.V.M
Demodectic Mange: It's Not What You Think! Stephen Sheldon, D.V.M. Demodectic mange is one of those difficult to understand and explain diseases. The word mange conjures up images of unkempt, dirty, malnourished animals yet this is often not the case with demodectic mange. A very common comment when told of the diagnosis is "but I take such good care of her; how could this happen?" Relax. You have. What you are probably thinking about is Sarcoptic mange, or Scabies. The 2 diseases are vastly different. Demodectic mange or demodex, is caused by the mites of the demodex species. It differs from Scabies or sarcoptic mange in a number of ways. First, it is not contagious to either dogs or to humans like scabies is. This is a tough concept to swallow for many of us; how can a skin condition so bad looking not be contagious? Trust me it isn't. I had one young lady ask me "well, how do you know". "I went to school for 8 years and I know how to read medical texts and journals" I assured her. More than once I have xeroxed articles for my clients. I'll repeat again. It is not contagious. Second, it is much more difficult to treat than scabies is. And third, it is related to a poorly functioning immune system. Demodicosis causes hair loss, skin thickening, oozing sores, skin infections, red, irritated skin, and is usually very itchy. There are 2 forms of the disease, both caused by the same mite. One is called localized demodicosis; the other is generalized demodicosis. -
1998 National Conference on Urban Entomology Program 3 Bylaws
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CORPORATE SPONSORS ... .... ... .. ... .... ..... ... .... .. ... .. 2 1998 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON URBAN ENTOMOLOGY PROGRAM 3 BYLAWS.... .. 10 ABSTRACTS Little Miss Muffet, Arachne and the Entomologist: Spiders in History. in Lore and In Reality Mark Lacey ... .. ... ... ..... ... 14 Imidacloprid: A Chemical Synergist for Disease Development in Termites Drion Boucias .. .. ... ... .. .. .. ... .. .... .. .. ... ... 21 Biological Control by Natural Enemies in Interior Plantscapes and Model Ecosystems Mike Rose . ..... .. .. .. ... .. .. .... ... .. ... .. ... .. ... .. .. ... 27 Emerging Arthropod-Borne Diseases in Urban Environments James Olson 28 Ethical Consideration in Extension, Research and Industry Programs Roger Gold 29 Effective Quality Control for Pest Control Companies Jim Wright . .. .. .... .. .. ..... ... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .... .... .. .. 31 An Anecdotal History ofthe Formosan Subterranean in Hawaii Minoru Tamshiro . .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 36 Seasonal and Spatial Changes in Foraging Activity ofReticulitermes spp. (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in a Natural Landscape Richard Houseman and Roger Gold .. ,....... .. ....................... .. ...... .. .. 37 Temperature Effects on Caste Differentiation and Secondary Colony Formation ofThree Subterranean Termites in the Genus Reticulitermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Thomas Macom, Barry Pawson and Roger Gold ,............................... 39 Seasonal Foraging Behavior ofReticulitermes spp. in Northern California Gail Getty, Michael