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STATE OF THE AMERICAN WORKFORCE HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND THE WORKFORCE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TWELFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION HEARING HELD IN WASHINGTON, DC, JANUARY 26, 2011 Serial No. 112–1 Printed for the use of the Committee on Education and the Workforce ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/house/education/index.html or Committee address: http://edworkforce.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 64–120 PDF WASHINGTON : 2011 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND THE WORKFORCE JOHN KLINE, Minnesota, Chairman Thomas E. Petri, Wisconsin George Miller, California, Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon, California Senior Democratic Member Judy Biggert, Illinois Dale E. Kildee, Michigan Todd Russell Platts, Pennsylvania Donald M. Payne, New Jersey Joe Wilson, South Carolina Robert E. Andrews, New Jersey Virginia Foxx, North Carolina Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’ Scott, Virginia Duncan Hunter, California Lynn C. Woolsey, California David P. Roe, Tennessee Rube´n Hinojosa, Texas Glenn Thompson, Pennsylvania Carolyn McCarthy, New York Tim Walberg, Michigan John F. Tierney, Massachusetts Scott DesJarlais, Tennessee Dennis J. Kucinich, Ohio Richard L. Hanna, New York David Wu, Oregon Todd Rokita, Indiana Rush D. Holt, New Jersey Larry Bucshon, Indiana Susan A. Davis, California Trey Gowdy, South Carolina Rau´ l M. Grijalva, Arizona Lou Barletta, Pennsylvania Timothy H. Bishop, New York Kristi L. Noem, South Dakota David Loebsack, Iowa Martha Roby, Alabama Mazie K. Hirono, Hawaii Joseph J. Heck, Nevada Dennis A. Ross, Florida Mike Kelly, Pennsylvania [Vacant] Barrett Karr, Staff Director Mark Zuckerman, Minority Staff Director (II) CONTENTS Page Hearing held on January 26, 2011 ......................................................................... 1 Statement of Members: Andrews, Hon. Robert E., a Representative in Congress from the State of New Jersey, letter, dated January 26, 2011, from 250 economists in support of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 ..... 66 Kline, Hon. John, Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce 1 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 3 Kucinich, Hon. Dennis J., a Representative in Congress from the State of Ohio, prepared statement and questions submitted .............................. 58 Miller, Hon. George, senior Democratic member, Committee on Education and the Workforce ......................................................................................... 4 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 6 Roby, Hon. Martha, a Representative in Congress from the State of Alabama, prepared statement of ................................................................. 7 Statement of Witnesses: Boushey, Heather, senior economist, Center for American Progress Action Fund ............................................................................................................... 17 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 18 Responses to questions submitted by Mr. Kucinich ............................... 84 Holtz-Eakin, Douglas, president, American Action Forum ........................... 29 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 32 McDonnell, Hon. Bob, Governor, Commonwealth of Virginia ...................... 9 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 11 Messinger, Dyke, president and CEO, Power Curbers, Inc., on behalf of the National Association of Manufacturers ............................................ 12 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 14 Additional submission: ‘‘Manufacturing Strategy for Jobs and a Com- petitive America,’’ dated January 2011 ............................................... 74 (III) STATE OF THE AMERICAN WORKFORCE Wednesday, January 26, 2011 U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Education and the Workforce Washington, DC The committee met, pursuant to call, at 2:10 p.m., in room 2175, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. John Kline [chairman of the committee] presiding. Present: Representatives Kline, Petri, Biggert, Platts, Wilson, Foxx, Hunter, Roe, Thompson, Walberg, DesJarlais, Hanna, Rokita, Bucshon, Gowdy, Barletta, Noem, Roby, Heck, Kelly, Miller, Payne, Andrews, Scott, Woolsey, McCarthy, Kucinich, Davis, and Hirono. Staff Present: James Bergeron, Director of Education and Human Services Policy; Kirk Boyle, General Counsel; Casey Buboltz, Coalitions and Member Services Coordinator; Ed Gilroy, Director of Workforce Policy, Marvin Kaplan, Professional Staff Member; Barrett Karr, Staff Director; Ryan Kearney, Legislative Assistant; Brian Melnyk, Staff Assistant; Brian Newell, Press Sec- retary; Molly McLaughlin Salmi, Deputy Director of Workforce Pol- icy; Mandy Schaumburg, Education Policy Counsel; Ken Serafin, Workforce Policy Counsel; Linda Stevens, Chief Clerk/Assistant to the General Counsel; Joseph Wheeler, Professional Staff Member; Aaron Albright, Minority Press Secretary; Tylease Alli, Minority Hearing Clerk; Jody Calemine, Minority General Counsel; Jose Garza, Minority Deputy General Counsel; Brian Levin, Minority New Media Press Assistant; Jerrica Mathis, Minority Legislative Fellow, Labor; Celine McNicholas, Minority Associate Labor Coun- sel; Richard Miller, Minority Senior Labor Policy Advisor; Megan O’Reilly, Minority Labor Counsel; Julie Peller, Minority Deputy Di- rector of Policy and Planning; Meredith Regine, Minority Policy As- sociate, Labor; Melissa Salmanowitz, Minority Press Secretary; Michele Varnhagen, Minority Labor Policy Director; and Mark Zuckerman, Minority Staff Director. Chairman KLINE. A quorum being present, the committee will come to order. I want to make a couple of administrative announce- ments to our guests and to our panel and to my colleagues here on the committee. The weather, as all here know, has turned a little tough out there. Planes are being canceled, flights are being can- celed and rescheduled and moved, and the roads are slippery, and I am advised that the Office of Personnel Management is encour- aging Federal employees to leave at 4:00. While that doesn’t di- rectly apply to us, the conditions that will create out there does. (1) 2 So I am going to announce to all that we will have a hard stop at 4:00 out of respect to all. I think, I want to, I am going to make an opening statement briefly and turn to Mr. Miller in a minute. But I want to thank members for coming and I know that Members of Congress will be leaving as the flight schedules direct. So when you need to go, when the plane is ready to roll, we understand you will be depart- ing. All right. Well, good afternoon and welcome to our first hearing of the 112th Congress. I appreciate the time our witnesses have spared to be with us today. Whether you are a Governor, a small manufac- turer, an economist, your time is valuable and we are grateful for your participation today, all of us. It is no secret the American workforce faces significant chal- lenges. Over 20 consecutive months’ unemployment has remained at 9 percent or higher. During that same period of time, more than 14 million Americans have been unemployed and searching for work. Roughly 1.3 million unemployed workers have become so dis- couraged by searching and coming up empty that they have given up hope and abandoned the labor force entirely. Despite some unprecedented attempts, perhaps best reflected in the failed $814 billion stimulus bill passed in the early hours of the last Congress, the Federal Government cannot legislate or regulate its way to job creation in our country. It can, however, provide some sense of certainty that will give the young entrepreneur and small business owner the confidence he or she needs to go forward and invest in their new idea or company. Unfortunately, over the last 2 years we have seen the Federal Government move in a disturbingly different direction, one that creates economic uncertainty felt by businesses both large and small. A number of policies and proposals have caused many busi- ness owners to think twice before expanding their operations or hiring additional workers. At the center of this uncertainty is the recent health care law. We have all heard the story of a small business owner already struggling to make payroll, who now faces a penalty for failing to provide government-approved health care. Despite promises health care reform would lower costs, the chief actuary at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services reports national health care spending will increase by some $311 billion over the next 10 years. This health care law has forced business owners to choose between higher health care costs or government penalties. To suggest this doesn’t discourage job creation in this country is to ignore, I be- lieve, reality. The President has suggested a willingness to fix what is broken in the law. I would suggest the employer mandate is the place to start. While one arm of the Federal bureaucracy transforms our health care economy, another is considering sweeping changes to the law governing
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    BOSTON PUBLIC UBl^RY HISTORY t)F TUK ANDREWS FAMILY GENEALOGY OK ROBERT ANDREWS, AND HIS DESCENDANTS, 168.') TO 1890. NAME. WITH SKETCHES OF DISTINGUISHED PERSONS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME, EARLY SETTLERS OF THE NAME IN AMERICA. SETTLEMENT OF IPSWICH. MASSA- CHUSETTS; LOVELL. MAINE: APPENDIX. BY H. P^RANKLIN ANDREWS, ATTORNEY AT LAW. ie©o. A ^ Entered accorJiui to Act of Congress, in the year 1890, by H. FRANKLIN ANDREWS, I.i the Office of the Librarian ol Congress, at Washington. es// .AS/ History of the Andrews Family, A Genealogy of Robert Andrews and His Descendants, 1635-1890, by H. Franklin Andrews, was originally published in Aubdubon, Iowa, in 1890 This 1988 reprint edition is made available under the auspices of Parker River Researchers, P.O. Box 86, Newbury- port, Massachusetts 01950-0186. Parker River Researchers would like to express their appre- ciation to the Haverhill (Massachusetts) Public Library for their cooperation in making this reprint edition possible. Reprinted by THE AhfUNDSEN PUBUSHING CO. 108 Washington Street Dccorah, Iowa 52101 FORWARD Reprinting genealogical material without adding corrections, or expanding on the original material, sometimes meets with criticism. This may be particularly true regarding material contained in the History of the Andrews Family. The intent here is to make previously published, but out of print, secondary source material available. It is felt that correcting another's work, without his or her consent and approval, is arrogant. The book is not presented in any way except as a reprint of the author's original work. With this in mind, the reader is cautioned that other genea- logical researchers have presented material disagreeing with some of the conclusions of this author.