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Status of Vegetable Farming and Its Challenges in Central Brahmaputra Floodplain Environment of Darrang District, Assam

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Status of Vegetable Farming and Its Challenges in Central Brahmaputra Floodplain Environment of Darrang District, Assam International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 11, Issue 10, October 2020, pp. 1503-1514, Article ID: IJARET_11_10_144 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJARET?Volume=11&Issue=10 ISSN Print: 0976-6480 and ISSN Online: 0976-6499 DOI: 10.34218/IJARET.11.10.2020.144 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed STATUS OF VEGETABLE FARMING AND ITS CHALLENGES IN CENTRAL BRAHMAPUTRA FLOODPLAIN ENVIRONMENT OF DARRANG DISTRICT, ASSAM Mukut Sarma* Department of Geography, Mangaldai College, Assam, India Chinmoy Raj Saikia Department of Geography, Mangaldai College, Assam, India *Corresponding Author ABSTRACT Sustainability of agriculture is the primary concern of the global community. There is always a concern about the food requirement for the ever increasing population. This situation become more worrisome with the present day’s world reeling under several pandemics and crisis. Vegetable farming is suppose to provide assistance to maintain sustainability in agriculture as it can be incorporated with home garden and urban agriculture environment quite efficiently. In this regard an assessment for identifying the current status of vegetable farming and its challenges in Dalgaon-Sialmari Block is carried out in this paper. Being located in the central Brahmaputra Valley this region has enormous potentialities for vegetable farming and its marketing. Several parameters like socio-economic status of farmers, overall educational status, healthy and wellbeing of farmers, land-use statistics, local market is taken into consideration for the study. The study is a synthesis of previous literarture, reports and the data collected from 22 sampled villages. This investigation is intended to provide a future rationale for vegetable farming in Dalgaon-Sialmari Block by pointing out its potentialities. Key words: Vegetable farming, Home Garden, Sustainable Agriculture, Local Markets. Cite this Article: Mukut Sarma and Chinmoy Raj Saikia, Status of Vegetable Farming and its Challenges in Central Brahmaputra Floodplain Environment of Darrang District, Assam, International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology, 11(10), 2020, pp. 1503-1514. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJARET?Volume=11&Issue=10 http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJARET 1503 [email protected] Status of Vegetable Farming and its Challenges in Central Brahmaputra Floodplain Environment of Darrang District, Assam 1. INTRODUCTION A well-planned vegetable productivity is not only very lucrative but can also alleviate poverty (Ngegba et al., 2016). In this regard India plays a fundamental role being the second largest producer of vegetables in the world followed by China (AL-Razaq, 2019). India being one of the nations flooded with destitute population bears a more prominent role for the assessment of prospects and challenges in its agro-vegetable sector. The value of vegetables as an important source of daily human diet has come to be recognized all over the world in recent years (Ngegba et al., 2016; Sharma et al., 1976). Because of this there is an incredible breadth for trading quality vegetables everywhere on the world; this possibility isn't completely investigated in the nation like India. Additionally, with the expanding emergency like COVID-19 and environmental change calamities is squeezing global food security, Home- garden and Urban-agriculture can address the prerequisite of food during such exceptional circumstances. In this regard, cultivation of vegetable is the most appropriate choice that can be incorporated with systematic Home-garden and Urban-agriculture framework. Interestingly, twice the amount of food production is required to feed the ever-expanding population which is suppose to reach 9.5 billion by 2050 (Patel et al., 2020). Already a few analysts have expressed that expanding the production of vegetables is useful for taking care of the food crisis issue (Sharma et al., 1976) Previous studies have encountered that there is a marked shift in the area under vegetables, spices and fruits in Assam (Goyari, 2005). In addition, it has emerged as one of the dominant producer of vegetables within the country. Dalgaon–Sialmari block of Darrang District has a significant contribution of vegetable farming and occupies a place of respect in the economy of the state, Assam. The region grows a diverse array of vegetables like potato, tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumber, pumpkin, brinjal, carrot, green leaves and many more from both Rabi and Kharif season. The region is situated in the focal point of compost, pesticide and machinery shop which is beneficial for vegetable cultivating as it makes everything easy to access. Ghansimuli- Balugaon vegetable market of Kharupetia is one of the outstanding market centers of north-east India which is having prodigious potentiality for exporting vegetables. After the local needs are fulfilled, the vegetable is exposed for business purpose. A bulk amount of vegetables are exported through different market centers like Balugaon, Tangni, Bechimari, Koupati etc. Exported produced goes to different places including Guwahati, Nalbari, Dibrugarh, Lakhimpur, Silchar, etc. and out of the state Itanagar, Agartala, Dimapur, Mizoram, Tripura, Kohima etc. A small amount of vegetables are exported to Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh. Subsequently, the urban center including Kharupetia, Mangaldai, Guwahati, Nagaon, Dalgaon etc. import various essential commodities needed for vegetable farming. It is noteworthy to mention that a tremendous territory of Dalgaon-Sialmari Block is committed to cultivation of vegetables. Land is the basic resource that forms the basis of different agricultural produce. Land use represents a complex pattern of land resources. The complexity in the pattern of land use is the result of centuries of human occupation of land retraction of physical, historical, social and economic factors (Das, 1984). A scientific study relating to vegetable farming is essential to understand the present status and future prospect of vegetable farming and its challenges. 2. OBJECTIVE The primary focus of the study is to identify the current status of vegetable farming in Dalgaon-Sialmari Block while pointing out the challenges experienced by the sector. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJARET 1504 [email protected] Mukut Sarma and Chinmoy Raj Saikia Furthermore, the study aims at providing a future rationale for the policy makers and the vegetable farmers of the region. 3. DATABASE AND METHODOLOGY The current examination is mostly based on primary and secondary data. In this investigation, data is gathered from 28 nos. of villages of the block. Further, 22 variety of vegetables from both Rabi and Kharif season are chosen for the assessment. Then a schedule cum questionnaire has been prepared covering various aspects like land-use statistics, land area under vegetable cultivation, socio-economic status etc. of the vegetable grower of the block. The secondary data relating to land-use pattern is collected from Department of Agriculture and Statistics, Darrang District 2015-2016. Finally data has been processed and arrived at findings. Methodology Problem Analysis Developing a Secondary Sources Questionnaire Google Scholar Primary Data Collection (Sample Government Reports Survey) Data Collected from Assessment of Agriculture Statistics Quantitative data for Department Visualization Synthesis of Primary and Secondary Data Results and Conclusion Figure 1 Flow chart showing methodological framework of the study 4. STUDY AREA The Dalgaon-Sialmari Block being situated in central Brahmaputra Floodplain is located between 26⁰27/ N and 26⁰42/ N latitude and 92o 5/ and 92o20/E longitude. The block occupies an area of 33061ha with 1,77,467 total populations (2011 census), where 90,439 are male and 87,028 are female. The region has been playing a significant role in producing and marketing a large variety of vegetable commodities. Excess of these are not only transported to different parts of the nation but some other neighboring countries like Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, etc. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJARET 1505 [email protected] Status of Vegetable Farming and its Challenges in Central Brahmaputra Floodplain Environment of Darrang District, Assam The fig 1 reveals the location of Dalgaon-Sialmari block in Darrang district and state of Assam. Dalgaon-Sialmai block of Darrang District, Assam, is lying on the north bank of the mighty Brahmaputra River and formed by new alluvial soils of its extensive flood plain. Figure 2 Locational Map of Dalgaon-Sialmari Development Block 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The present study focuses mainly the pattern of vegetable in Dalgaon-Sialmari block emphasizing the problems faced by the vegetable growers in the areas. To understand more precisely about the status of vegetable farming sector 22 nos. of vegetables are selected from both the season from priority basis. The study reveals different challenges faced by the marginal farmers related to land use change in the block. 4.1. Status of Vegetable Crops and Size of Land in Dalgaon-Sialmari Block The study area, Dalgaon-Sialmari block is highly suitable for varieties of vegetable in both Ravi and Kharif season. A huge amount of vegetable are produced in every year in both the seasons from commercial point of view. For convenience of study some selected crops of winter season are taken during field survey. Here, 20 nos. of vegetable from both the season are selected on the basis of farmers demand and market value. These
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