Colombian Spider Monkey

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Colombian Spider Monkey Colombian spider monkey The Colombian spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps rufiventris), is a [1] subspecies of the Black-headed spider monkey, a type of New Colombian spider monkey World monkey,[1] found in Colombia and Panama.[2][3] Some authorities, such as Froelich (1991), Collins and Dubach (2001) and Nieves (2005), do not recognize the Black-headed spider monkey as a distinct species and so treat the Colombian spider monkey as a subspecies of Geoffroy's spider monkey.[4] The Colombian spider monkey lives in dry forests, humid forests and cloud forests, and can live up to 2,000 to 2,500 metres (6,600 to 8,200 ft) above sea level.[2] It is entirely black with some white on its chin while the Brown-headed spider monkey (A. f. fusciceps) has a black or brown body and a brown head.[2] The spider monkey has a black body and long limbs with thumb- less hands. It has a prehensile and extremely flexible tail, which acts as an extra limb. The tail has a hairless patch on the tip that is used for grip. This hairless patch is unique in its markings, just like the human fingerprint. Colombian spider monkeys can weigh Conservation status up to 9.1 kg (20 pounds). Fruit makes up eighty percent of the spider monkey's diet, which also includes leaves, nuts, seeds, bark, insects, and flowers. Spider monkeys contribute to the dispersion of undigested seeds from the fruits they eat. This monkey lives [2] approximately 24 years. Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Spider monkeys are found in social groups of up to 30 individuals; however, they are usually broken up into smaller foraging groups Kingdom: Animalia of 3-4 individuals. They move and climb through the forest by Phylum: Chordata hand over hand (brachiation) motion. Class: Mammalia References Order: Primates 1. Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Suborder: Haplorhini Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Infraorder: Simiiformes Geographic Reference (http://www.departments.bucknel l.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=1210039 Family: Atelidae 8) (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Genus: Ateles ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494 (https://www.worl dcat.org/oclc/62265494). Species: A. fusciceps 2. Cuarón, A.D.; Morales, A.; Shedden, A.; Rodriguez- Subspecies: A. f. rufiventris Luna, E. & de Grammont, P.C. (2008). "'Ateles fusciceps ssp. rufiventris'" (https://www.iucnredlist.org/ Trinomial name details/39921/0). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved 2009-05-21. Ateles fusciceps rufiventris 3. Rylands, A.; Groves, C.; Mittermeier, R.; Cortes-Ortiz, L. (Sclater, 1872) & Hines, J. (2006). "Taxonomy and Distributions of Synonyms Mesoamerican Primates". New Perspectives in the dariensis Goldman, 1915 Study of Mesoamerican Primates. pp. 56–66. ISBN 0- 387-25854-X. robustus J. A. Allen, 1914 4. Collins, A. (2008). "The taxonomic status of spider monkeys in the twenty-first century". In Campbell, C. (ed.). Spider Monkeys (https://archive.or g/details/spidermonkeysbio00camp_528). Cambridge University Press. pp. 50 (https://archive. org/details/spidermonkeysbio00camp_528/page/n60)–67. ISBN 978-0-521-86750-4. External links Animal Bytes (https://web.archive.org/web/20100620003635/http://seaworld.org/animal-info/an imal-bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordata/craniata/mammalia/prima tes/colombian-black-spider-monkey.htm) Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colombian_spider_monkey&oldid=964830163" This page was last edited on 27 June 2020, at 20:49 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization..
Recommended publications
  • Ateles Fusciceps
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321443468 Primates in Peril: Ateles fusciceps Chapter · December 2017 CITATIONS READS 0 140 3 authors, including: Diego Tirira Alba Morales-Jimenez Museo de Zoología QCAZ, Pontificia Universi… Fundacion Biodiversa Colombia 100 PUBLICATIONS 1,156 CITATIONS 7 PUBLICATIONS 25 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Spider Monkeys phylogeny and phylogeography View project Vulnerability of biodiversity to climate change in Ecuador: an assessment based on species’ ecological niche and protected areas effectiveness View project All content following this page was uploaded by Diego Tirira on 01 December 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Primates in Peril The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates 2016–2018 Edited by Christoph Schwitzer, Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands, Federica Chiozza, Elizabeth A. Williamson, Elizabeth J. Macfie, Janette Wallis and Alison Cotton Illustrations by Stephen D. Nash IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG) International Primatological Society (IPS) Conservation International (CI) Bristol Zoological Society (BZS) Published by: IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI), Bristol Zoological Society (BZS) Copyright: ©2017 Conservation International All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. Inquiries to the publisher should be directed to the following address: Russell A. Mittermeier, Chair, IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. Citation (report): Schwitzer, C., Mittermeier, R.A., Rylands, A.B., Chiozza, F., Williamson, E.A., Macfie, E.J., Wallis, J.
    [Show full text]
  • Fission-Fusion Dynamics in Spider Monkeys in Belize
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2016 Fission-Fusion Dynamics in Spider Monkeys in Belize Hartwell, Kayla Song Hartwell, K. S. (2016). Fission-Fusion Dynamics in Spider Monkeys in Belize (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/26183 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3497 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Fission-Fusion Dynamics in Spider Monkeys in Belize by Kayla Song Hartwell A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ANTHROPOLOGY CALGARY, ALBERTA DECEMBER, 2016 © Kayla Song Hartwell 2016 Abstract Most diurnal primates live in cohesive social groups in which all or most members range in close proximity, but spider monkeys (Ateles) and chimpanzees (Pan) are known for their more fluid association patterns. These species have been traditionally described as living in fission-fusion societies, because they range in subgroups of frequently changing size and composition, in contrast with the more typical cohesive societies. In recent years the concept of fission-fusion dynamics has replaced the dichotomous fluid versus cohesive categorization, as it is now recognized that there is considerable variation in cohesiveness both within and between species.
    [Show full text]
  • Spider Monkey ( Ateles Geoffroyi)
    Short Communication Folia Primatol 2016;87:375–380 Received: September 20, 2016 DOI: 10.1159/000455122 Accepted after revision: December 14, 2016 Published online: January 31, 2017 Spider Monkey (Ateles geoffroyi ) Travel to Resting Trees in a Seasonal Forest of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico a c c–e Julián Parada-López Kim Valenta Colin A. Chapman b Rafael Reyna-Hurtado a b Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa , Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Campeche , c d Mexico; Department of Anthropology, and McGill School of Environment, e McGill University, Montreal, QC , Canada; Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY, USA Keywords Resting · Travel routes · Spider monkeys · Linearity · Activity · Resting trees Abstract Resting by primates is considered an understudied activity, relative to feeding or moving, despite its importance in physiological and time investment terms. Here we describe spider monkeys’ (Ateles geoffroyi ) travel from feeding to resting trees in a sea- sonal tropical forest of the Yucatan Peninsula. We followed adult and subadult individu- als for as long as possible, recording their activities and spatial location to construct travel paths. Spider monkeys spent 44% of the total sampling time resting. In 49% of the cases, spider monkeys fed and subsequently rested in the same tree, whereas in the re- maining cases they travelled a mean distance of 108.3 m. Spider monkeys showed high linear paths (mean linearity index = 0.77) to resting trees when they travelled longer distances than their visual field, which suggests travel efficiency and reduced travel cost. Resting activity is time consuming and affects the time available to search for food and engage in social interactions.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Behaviour of Tarsius Syrichta in the Wild
    O',F Tarsius syrichta ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR - IN BOHOL, PHILIPPINES: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION By Irene Neri-Arboleda D.V.M. A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science Department of Applied and Molecular Ecology University of Adelaide, South Australia 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS DAge Title Page I Table of Contents............ 2 List of Tables..... 6 List of Figures.... 8 Acknowledgements... 10 Dedication 11 I)eclaration............ t2 Abstract.. 13 Chapter I GENERAL INTRODUCTION... l5 1.1 Philippine Biodiversity ........... t6 1.2 Thesis Format.... l9 1.3 Project Aims....... 20 Chapter 2 REVIEIV OF TARSIER BIOLOGY...... 2t 2.1 History and Distribution..... 22 2.t.1 History of Discovery... .. 22 2.1.2 Distribution...... 24 2.1.3 Subspecies of T. syrichta...... 24 2.2 Behaviour and Ecology.......... 27 2.2.1 Home Ranges. 27 2.2.2 Social Structure... 30 2.2.3 Reproductive Behaviour... 3l 2.2.4 Diet and Feeding Behaviour 32 2.2.5 Locomotion and Activity Patterns. 34 2.2.6 Population Density. 36 2.2.7 Habitat Preferences... ... 37 2.3 Summary of Review. 40 Chapter 3 FßLD SITE AI\D GEIYERAL METHODS.-..-....... 42 3.1 Field Site........ 43 3. 1.1 Geological History of the Philippines 43 3.1.2 Research Area: Corella, Bohol. 44 3.1.3 Physical Setting. 47 3.t.4 Climate. 47 3.1.5 Flora.. 50 3.1.6 Fauna. 53 3.1.7 Human Population 54 t page 3.1.8 Tourism 55 3.2 Methods.. 55 3.2.1 Mapping.
    [Show full text]
  • World's Most Endangered Primates
    Primates in Peril The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates 2016–2018 Edited by Christoph Schwitzer, Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands, Federica Chiozza, Elizabeth A. Williamson, Elizabeth J. Macfie, Janette Wallis and Alison Cotton Illustrations by Stephen D. Nash IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG) International Primatological Society (IPS) Conservation International (CI) Bristol Zoological Society (BZS) Published by: IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI), Bristol Zoological Society (BZS) Copyright: ©2017 Conservation International All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. Inquiries to the publisher should be directed to the following address: Russell A. Mittermeier, Chair, IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. Citation (report): Schwitzer, C., Mittermeier, R.A., Rylands, A.B., Chiozza, F., Williamson, E.A., Macfie, E.J., Wallis, J. and Cotton, A. (eds.). 2017. Primates in Peril: The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates 2016–2018. IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI), and Bristol Zoological Society, Arlington, VA. 99 pp. Citation (species): Salmona, J., Patel, E.R., Chikhi, L. and Banks, M.A. 2017. Propithecus perrieri (Lavauden, 1931). In: C. Schwitzer, R.A. Mittermeier, A.B. Rylands, F. Chiozza, E.A. Williamson, E.J. Macfie, J. Wallis and A. Cotton (eds.), Primates in Peril: The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates 2016–2018, pp. 40-43. IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group (PSG), International Primatological Society (IPS), Conservation International (CI), and Bristol Zoological Society, Arlington, VA.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert A. Barton Phd Thesis
    FORAGING STRATEGIES, DIET AND COMPETITION IN OLIVE BABOONS Robert A. Barton A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St. Andrews 1990 Full metadata for this item is available in Research@StAndrews:FullText at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2767 This item is protected by original copyright FORAGING STRATEGIES, DIET AND COMPETITION IN OLIVE BABOONS Robert A. Barton Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of St. Andrews, 1989. _ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS- This thesis has seen the light of day only through the great help, support and encouragement I have received from many quarters. I would particularly like to thank Liz Anderson, who has helped in so many ways and provided emotional, intellectual and practical support throughout the last four years. Andy Whiten has been the most patient, diligent and generous of supervisors, and has headed off innumerable crises with typical pragmatism and skill, while I flapped and floundered. I would also like to thank both Andy and Susy Whiten for the warm hospitality they have extended to me on so many occasions. The fieldwork would simply not have been possible without the assistance of Shirley Strum, who kindly allowed me to join the Uaso Ngiro Baboon Project, gave me ideas for data-collection, and provided vital logistical support throughout. I also thank Shirley for welcoming my dishevelled, field-weary self into her home on my visits to Nairobi, and for stimulating discussions about baboons, philosophy, and soul music.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Habitat Disturbance on the Populations of Geoffroy's Spider Monkeys in the Yucatan Peninsula
    The Effects of Habitat Disturbance on the Populations of Geoffroy’s Spider Monkeys in the Yucatan Peninsula PhD thesis Denise Spaan Supervisor: Filippo Aureli Co-supervisor: Gabriel Ramos-Fernández August 2017 Instituto de Neuroetología Universidad Veracruzana 1 For the spider monkeys of the Yucatan Peninsula, and all those dedicated to their conservation. 2 Acknowledgements This thesis turned into the biggest project I have ever attempted and it could not have been completed without the invaluable help and support of countless people and organizations. A huge thank you goes out to my supervisors Drs. Filippo Aureli and Gabriel Ramos- Fernández. Thank you for your guidance, friendship and encouragement, I have learnt so much and truly enjoyed this experience. This thesis would not have been possible without you and I am extremely proud of the results. Additionally, I would like to thank Filippo Aureli for all his help in organizing the logistics of field work. Your constant help and dedication to this project has been inspiring, and kept me pushing forward even when it was not always easy to do so, so thank you very much. I would like to thank Dr. Martha Bonilla for offering me an amazing estancia at the INECOL. Your kind words have encouraged and inspired me throughout the past three years, and have especially helped me to get through the last few months. Thank you! A big thank you to Drs. Colleen Schaffner and Jorge Morales Mavil for all your feedback and ideas over the past three years. Colleen, thank you for helping me to feel at home in Mexico and for all your support! I very much look forward to continue working with all of you in the future! I would like to thank the CONACYT for my PhD scholarship and the Instituto de Neuroetología for logistical, administrative and financial support.
    [Show full text]
  • The Density and Distribution of Ateles Geoffroyi in a Mosaic Landscape at El Zota Biological Field Station, Costa Rica Stacy M
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2006 The density and distribution of Ateles geoffroyi in a mosaic landscape at El Zota Biological Field Station, Costa Rica Stacy M. Lindshield Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Lindshield, Stacy M., "The density and distribution of Ateles geoffroyi in a mosaic landscape at El Zota Biological Field Station, Costa Rica " (2006). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 887. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/887 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The density and distribution of Ateles geoffroyi in a mosaic landscape at El Zota Biological Field Station, Costa Rica by Stacy M. Lindshield A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: Anthropology Program of Study Committee: Jill D. Pruetz (Major Professor) Nancy Coinman Brent Danielson Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2006 Copyright © Stacy M Lindshield, 2006. All rights reserved. UMI Number: 1439919 UMI ® UMI Microform 1439919 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code.
    [Show full text]
  • Neotropical 10(3).Indd
    Neotropical Primates 10(3), December 2002 113 Zoological Nomenclature (2000), and Rylands (2002, p.122) SHORT ARTICLES unfortunately omitted the key word “not” from section (a), which should have read, “…that family-group name is not to be replaced…” The Fourth edition, however, was not final- ized when the manuscript of Groves’ book was completed NEOTROPICAL PRIMATE FAMILY-GROUP NAMES and, unaware that the wording had changed, Groves (2001) REPLACED BY GROVES (2001) IN CONTRAVENTION was therefore quoting from the previous (Third) edition of OF ARTICLE 40 OF THE INTERNATIONAL CODE OF the Code (1985). Although its message remains essentially ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE the same, to set the record straight, this is how Article 40 now reads in the current (Fourth) edition of the Code: Douglas Brandon-Jones Colin P. Groves Article 40. Synonymy of the type genus. 40.1. Validity of family-group names not affected. When Before 1961, it was customary to regard the validity of a the name of a type genus of a nominal family-group taxon family-group name as determined by the recognizability is considered to be a junior synonym of the name of another of its type genus. If the type genus was relegated to the nominal genus, the family-group name is not to be replaced synonymy of another genus, a family-group name with a on that account alone. stem derived from the senior generic synonym was substi- tuted. The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 40.2. Names replaced before 1961. If, however, a family- was then amended to protect the stability of family-group group name was replaced before 1961 because of the names from the potential effects of generic lumping.
    [Show full text]
  • Briseida D. Resende, Vivian LG Greco, Eduardo B
    104 Neotropical Primates 11(2), August 2003 Neotropical Primates 11(2), August 2003 105 Colombia, in all predation events described here the pos- Rose, L. 1997. Vertebrate predation and food-sharing in sessor tolerated the proximity of conspecifics; this created Cebus and Pan. Int. J. Primatol. 18: 727-765. opportunities for food transfer, either direct and tolerated Terborgh, J. 1983. Five New World Primates. Princeton or, more often, through scrounging. Food transfer in this University Press, Princeton, NJ. group was also registered in bird predation events, and scrounging was also the most common type of transfer (Ferreira et al., 2002). INSECT-EATING BY SPIDER MONKEYS In a review of the genus by Freese and Oppenheimer Andres Link (1981), vertebrate prey listed included only lizards, birds and rodents in the diet of C. capucinus, and frogs in the diet Introduction of C. apella. While John Oppenheimer was the pioneer in studies of this genus in the wild (C. capucinus in particular), Studies on the diet and feeding behavior of spider monkeys this diet list reflected the paucity of information available (Ateles spp.) have revealed they are primarily frugivorous, at the time. As new field studies are conducted, our under- with fruits representing between 72% and 90% of their standing of the diversity of prey taken by tufted capuchins, diet (Carpenter, 1935; Hladik and Hladik, 1969; Klein and the dynamics of food transfer among them, will con- and Klein, 1977; Van Roosmalen, 1985; Chapman, 1987; tinue to improve. Symington, 1988; Dew, 2001). Flowers and young leaves are also eaten frequently, especially when fruit is scarce (Van Acknowledgements: We thank the staff of the Tietê Ecologi- Roosmalen and Klein, 1988; Castellanos, 1995; Nunes, cal Park for their support, and also Michele Verderane and 1998; Stevenson et al., 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Neotropical Primates
    ISSN 1413-4703 NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES A Journal of the Neotropical Section of the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group Volume 15 Number 1 January 2008 Editors Erwin Palacios Liliana Cortés-Ortiz Júlio César Bicca-Marques Eckhard Heymann Jessica Lynch Alfaro Liza Veiga News and Book Reviews Brenda Solórzano Ernesto Rodríguez-Luna PSG Chairman Russell A. Mittermeier PSG Deputy Chairman Anthony B. Rylands Neotropical Primates A Journal of the Neotropical Section of the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA ISSN 1413-4703 Abbreviation: Neotrop. Primates Editors Erwin Palacios, Conservación Internacional Colombia, Bogotá DC, Colombia Liliana Cortés Ortiz, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Júlio César Bicca-Marques, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil Eckhard Heymann, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Göttingen, Germany Jessica Lynch Alfaro, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA Liza Veiga, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil News and Books Reviews Brenda Solórzano, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, México Ernesto Rodríguez-Luna, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, México Founding Editors Anthony B. Rylands, Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Conservation International, Arlington VA, USA Ernesto Rodríguez-Luna, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, México Editorial Board Hannah M. Buchanan-Smith, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK Adelmar F. Coimbra-Filho, Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Carolyn M. Crockett, Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Stephen F. Ferrari, Universidade Federal do Sergipe, Aracajú, Brazil Russell A. Mittermeier, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA Marta D.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexual Segregation in Spider Monkeys in Belize
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies Legacy Theses 2010 Sexual segregation in spider monkeys in Belize Hartwell, Kayla Song Hartwell, K. S. (2010). Sexual segregation in spider monkeys in Belize (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/13596 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/49999 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Sexual Segregation in Spider Monkeys in Belize by Kayla Song Hartwell A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY CALGARY, ALBERTA JUNE, 2010 © Kayla Song Hartwell 2010 The author of this thesis has granted the University of Calgary a non-exclusive license to reproduce and distribute copies of this thesis to users of the University of Calgary Archives. Copyright remains with the author. Theses and dissertations available in the University of Calgary Institutional Repository are solely for the purpose of private study and research. They may not be copied or reproduced, except as permitted by copyright laws, without written authority of the copyright owner. Any commercial use or re-publication is strictly prohibited. The original Partial Copyright License attesting to these terms and signed by the author of this thesis may be found in the original print version of the thesis, held by the University of Calgary Archives.
    [Show full text]