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Study of Flood Proofing Barriers in Lower Mainland Fish Bearing Streams J • • • I Study of Flood Proofing Barriers in Lower Mainland fish Bearing Streams J • • • : May 1999 Department of Fisheries and Oceans · Habitat and Enhancement Branch . Pacific 'Region Prepared ::,y; · Alan R. Thomson and Associates . Vancouver, B.C; · · . .- · · -and Confluence. Environmental. Consulting · Whistler, 8.C ·, - Study of Flood Proofing Barriers in Lower Mainland Fish Bearing Streams May 1999 Department of Fisheries and Oceans Habitat and Enhancement Branch Pacific Region Prepared by: Alan R. Thomson and Associates 1 and Confluence Environmental Consulting2 1 1 2485 W. 14 h Avenue, Vancouver, B.C. V6K 2W4 2 5 Garibaldi Dr. Whistler, B.C. VON 181 Executive Summary Pumping stations on the lower Fraser River are well known to impart significant mortalities on migrating salmonids, specifically smolts and kelts, that are out migrating from lower Fraser River natal streams to the estuary during the Fraser River freshet. Although several studies have determined that pumping stations kill out-migrating fish, little is known about pumping stations' ability to limit in-migrants from accessing natal and non-natal stream habitat during winter months. In this report, fish migration issues are scoped for ten pumping stations and associated flood boxes on the lower Fraser River from Hope to Richmond. The majority of pumping stations likely constitute a barrier to in-migrating juvenile salmonids, and kill out-migrating fry, smolts and kelts that exit their natal stream after the Fraser River freshet arrives. Each of the ten pumping stations is described, analyzed and discussed with the intent of developing recommendations for operational and capital changes and for further study. Research on the pumping stations I fish migration conflict by water resources and biology professionals from Canada and the United States is also presented. Options to address the conflict are discussed and include changing the type of pump, installing pump bypass systems, changing operational procedures at each facility, conducting fish salvage operations, allowing marginally productive land to flood, and installing higher volume flood boxes with lighter flap gates. Study of Flood Proofing Barriers in Lower Mainland Fish Bearing Streams - Alan R. Thomson and Associates & May 1999 Confluence Environmental Consulting Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................... ... ... ........ .. ................................................................... i Table of Contents .. .......................................................................................................... ii .List of Figures .. .............................................................................................................. iv List of Tables .................................................................................................................. v List of Photos ............... .................................................................................................. vi List of Appendices ......................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements ... .................................................................................................... vii 1.0 Introduction .. ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Report Structure ...................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Research of Fish Passage and Mortality associated with Pumping Stations and Flood Boxes ................... .... ................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Salrnonid Use of the Lower Fraser River System ................................................... 3 2.1.1 Coho Salmon ................................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 Chum Salmon ................................................................................................. 4 2.1.3 Chinook Salmon ......................................................................... .................... 4 2.1.4 Anadromous or Sea-Run Cutthroat Trout ....................................................... 4 2.1.5 Steelhead Trout ............................................................................................... 5 2.1.6 Escapement information ................................................................................. 5 2.2 Flood Protection in the Lower Fraser Valley .......................................................... 6 2.2.1 The Drainage and Flood Control System ........................................................ 6 2.2.2 Abbreviated History of Flood Protection .......... ............................................ 11 2.3 Pumping Stations .............................. .................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Pump Station Configuration ......................................................................... 12 2.3.2 Pump Types .................................................................................................. 12 2.3 .3 Efficiency and Fish Passage Capability of Different Pump Types ............... 13 2.3.4 Other Considerations of Fish Passage Through Pumping Stations .............. 16 2.4 Flood Boxes .......................................................................................................... 17 2.4.1 Function .................................................... .................................................... 17 2.4.2 Flood Boxes as Fish Barriers ........................................................................ 18 2.4.3 Fish Injury And Mortality ............................................................................. 19 2.5 Summary of the Research of Fish Passage and Mortality associated with Pumping Stations and Flood Boxes ................................................................................. 20 3.0 Selected Pumping Stations on the Lower Fraser River ............................................ 21 3.1 Introduction .......................................... ........................... ...................................... 21 3 .1.1 Hatzic Watershed .......................................................................................... 21 3.1.2 Katzie Slough ............................ .................................................................... 25 3 .1.3 Matsqui Slough and Tributaries .................................................................... 28 3.1.4 McLennan Creek I Gifford Slough ............................................................... 32 3.1.5 Miami Creek ................................................... ... ........................................... 35 3.1.6 McLean Creek ... ................. .. ............ .. ........................................................... 37 3.1.7 Mountain Slough ........................................................................................... 39 3.1.8 Nathan Slough ................................... .. ........... .. .. ........................................... 42 Study of Flood Proofing Barriers in Lower Mainland Fi sh Bearing Streams· ii Alan R. Thomson and Associates & May 1999 Confluence Environmental Consulting 3. I .9 Chester Creek Pumping Station .. ... ........................... ............................ ........ 44 3. I. I 0 Lane Creek Pumping Station ........................................................................ 4 7 3. I. I I The Remaining Pumping Stations in the District of Mission ....................... 50 3 .1.12 Flood Boxes within Mission ... .. .............................. ...................................... 50 3 .1.13 Internal Drainage Flood Boxes in Mission ... ...... ............................. ... .......... 5 I 3 .2 Conclusions and Summary of Recommendations for Section 3 ........................... 51 3.2.1 Hatzic Station ............. .. .............................. ............ ... .................................. .. 55 3.2.2 Katzie Slough Station ................................................................................... 55 3 .2.3 Matsqui Slough Station ....................... ... .. ............................... ...................... 55 3.2.4 McLennan Creek Station ................ .... ....................................... ................... 56 3.2.5 Miami Creek Station ....................... ...... ......... ............. .................................. 57 3.2.6 McLean Creek Station .................................................................................. 57 3.2.7 Mountain Slough Station ... ........................................................................... 57 3.2.8 Nathan Slough Station .. ................................................................................ 58 3.2.9 Chester Creek Station ................................................................................... 58 3.2.10 Lane Creek Station ........................................................................................ 58 4.0 General Opportunities For Mitigation of Fish I Pumping Station Conflict .............. 59 4.1 Introduction .... ...... ................................ .................... .......................... ................. .. 59 4.2 Improved Fish Passage Through Pumping Stations ............................................. 59 4.2.1 Retrofit Pumping Stations with "Fish-friendly" pumps ................................ 59 4.2.2
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