Indigenous Peoples Plan PHI: Integrated Natural Resources And

Indigenous Peoples Plan

Project number: 41220-013 September 2019

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project

Subproject: Rehabilitation of Pingi-Codcodwe Water Work System, Balbalan, Kalinga

Prepared by the Municipality of Balbalan, Kalinga for the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Asian Development Bank. This Indigenous Peoples Plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

ii CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 August 2019) Currency unit – peso (PhP) PhP1.00 = $0.01941 $1.00 = PhP 51.505

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank ADSDPP Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan BAWASA Barangay Water and Sanitation Association CADT Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title CBMS Community Based Monitoring Survey CENRO Community Environmental and Natural Resources Office COE Council of Elders DA Department of Agriculture DENR Department of Environment And Natural Resources EO Executive Order ICC Indigenous Cultural Communities INREMP Integrated Natural Resources And Environmental Management Project IP Indigenous People IPP Indigenous Peoples Plan IPRA Indigenous Peoples Rights Act IR Involuntary Resettlement LGU Local Government Unit NCIP National Commission On Indigenous Peoples NGO Non-Government Organizations NPCO Nationall Project Coordinating Office PAFID Philippine Alternative Foundation For Intercultural Development PMIC Project Management Implementation Consultants PSO Project Support Office OPAPP Office of the Presidential Adviser For Peace Process RI Rural Infrastructure RHU Rural Health Unit RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Office RHO Rural Hearing Office SB Sangguniang Bayan SMR Semi-Annual Monitoring Report SPD Subproject Documents SPMU Subproject Management Unit SPS Safeguard Policy Statement

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. INREMP AND SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 2 III. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 4 A. Relevant Legal and Institutional Framework Applicable to the Indigenous Peoples ...... 4 1. Philippine Constitution of 1987 ...... 6 2. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997 (RA 8371) ...... 6 3. NCIP Administrative Order No. 3, Series of 2012 ...... 6 4. DENR-NCIP Memorandum of Agreement and Implementing Guidelines ...... 7 5. Basic Principles of ADB Safeguard Policy, 2009 ...... 7 B. Brief Description about the Indigenous Peoples in the Subproject Site ...... 9 1. Population Growth and Density ...... 9 2. Basic Social Services ...... 9 3. Ethnicity and Cultural Practices ...... 10 4. Income and Expenditures ...... 11 C. Key Project Stakeholders ...... 11 D. Gender Sensitive Assessment of IP Perceptions ...... 11 E. Anticipated Positive and Negative Impacts of the Project ...... 12 IV. CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 12 A. Consultation and Participation ...... 12 B. Information Disclosure ...... 14 V. CAPACITY BUILDING ...... 14 VI. BENEFICIAL AND MITIGATIVE MEASURES ...... 15 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 15 VIII. MONITORING, REPORTING AND EVALUATION...... 16 A. Internal Monitoring ...... 16 B. External Monitoring ...... 17 C. Reporting ...... 17 IX. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ...... 17 X. BUDGET AND FINANCING ...... 20

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Name of Sub-tribes of IPs found in the Municipality ...... 10

Table 2: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Rehabilitation of Water Systems Subproject in Barangay Gawa-an ...... 12

Table 3: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Domestic Water System rehabilitation in Gawa- an, Balbalan, Kalinga ...... 13

Table 4: Anticipated Beneficial and Adverse Impacts ...... 15

Table 5: Implementation Schedule for the Indigenous People ...... 20

Table 6: Proposed Budget for the IPs ...... 20

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Location of the proposed water system subproject ...... 4

Figure 2: The water source location (landscape of and close up water source) located at Barangay Gawa-an, Balbalan, Kalinga ...... 5

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1:CENRO Certification/CADC/CADT ...... 23

Appendix 2:A Copy of the Certificate of Pre-Condition ...... 25

Appendix 3: Minutes and Attendance of the Community Meeting ...... 26

Appendix 4: SB Resolution Accepting and Supporting the Subproject ...... 26

Appendix 5: Internal Monitoring Indicators ...... 48

Appendix 6: External Monitoring Indicators ...... 45

Appendix 7: Executive Order Organizing the Subproject Management Unit ...... 52

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. This Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP) intends to address the indigenous peoples’(IPs) concerns/ issues on the proposed rehabilitation of the Pingi-Codcodwe Water Works System at Barangay Gawa-an, Balbalan, Kalinga. As one of the projects under the Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project (INREMP), the subproject will rehabilitate the water works system with a total length of 6 km. It stretches from the water source at Maayaayas to Balong going down to Pilig where the proposed reservoir will be constructed. This reservoir shall distribute water to the existing reservoir of sitios Pipi, Uta, Codcodwe, and Liglig. The subproject will be implemented by the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Balbalan with an estimated amount of PhP 3,000,000.00 for the duration of 120 calendar days.

2. The subproject is within the ancestral domain claim of the Municipality of Balbalan covering Barangay Gawa-an, which are the main beneficiaries of this subproject comprising of the total 1,022 beneficiaries and 95 households.

3. The community consultation meeting was conducted by the LGU of Balbalan and DA- INREMP in the preparation of the IPP on November 15, 2018. The consultations provided a venue for the discussion of the background of the project, project scope of work, importance of the community consent, barangay participatory monitoring and evaluation team (BPMET), discussion of the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, social and environmental safeguards, role of the community in implementation of the project and compliance to free prior and informed consent. A total of 84 community members (51 males, 33 females), majority of whom are IPs, attended the consultation.

4. The subproject is classified as Category B for IPs based on the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009, given that the subproject has limited negative and positive impacts on the Salegseg Sub-tribe that will be affected.

5. The subproject will provide an all-year round access to safe domestic water supply that will improve the economic and environmental conditions of the community. With the subproject completion, it will be expected to provide level II water supply to the 95 households of sitios Pipi, Uta, Codcodwe and Liglig, increase the number of households with water sealed toilet facility, and increase family income through other household livelihood activities. During the consultation, the DA-INREMP presented the subproject objectives and description, and the anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The result of the consultation was positive with the local people and will bring economic benefits to the barangays. All concerns during the subproject implementation can be revolved on pre-construction and construction phase and no long term negative environmental impacts to the community. The participants stated that the subproject will provide safe and potable water to the community.

6. There were no significant negative impacts that were identified during the consultation. However, the IP community raised some concerns to include a) concrete work may contaminate soil and water, and b) exploitation of natural resources. The mitigative response to address these concerns include: a) the constant supervision of the LGUs, and monitoring of the BPMET members during the construction phase, and b) no clearing of vegetation along the pipelines.

7. In the consultation, the IP community expressed support to the subproject implementation and look forward to the completion.

8. Considering that majority of the beneficiaries are IPs and the subproject is located within the ancestral domain, the grievance redress mechanism will follow the traditional dispute resolution process. This will be reiterated to the community that will be affected by the subproject implementation by way of information, education, and communication (IEC) to ensure that complaints that may arise from the community will be appropriately addressed.

9. The implementation of the IPP will be internally monitored by the LGU Sub Project Management Unit (SPMU) and externally by an external monitoring agency (EMA). A semi-annual internal monitoring reportwill be submitted by the SPMU to DA-INREMP and DENR-NPCO. EMA will submit a external semi-annual monitoring reports (SMR) to the DA-INREMP and DENR- NPCO. DENR-NPCO, in turn, will submit these SMRs to ADB for review and disclosure.

10. The capacity building initiative will consist of skills development training for the IP community as well the LGU of Balbalan to develop and enhance traditional and learned skills in monitoring the subproject implementation, awareness in the social and environmental safeguards, maximizing the positive benefits of the subproject and addressing its potential negative impacts. The trainings that will be developed and delivered will be held collectively for the tribe or barangay at a time and place chosen by the participants and in cognizance of their traditional and customary processes. The LGU of Balbalan allocated funds to support capacity building activities under this IPP as detailed in Chapter X.

11. The estimated budget for the implementation of the IPP is PhP 620,000.00 and will be covered by the DA-INREMP.

II. INREMP AND SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION

1. The INREMP, implemented by DENR with funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and Climate Change Fund (CCF), addresses the unsustainable watershed management in four (4) priority river basins: (i) the Chico Upper River Basin in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Northern Luzon; (ii) the Wahig– Inabanga River Basin on the island of Bohol in Region 7; (iii) the Lake Lanao River Basin in the province of Lanao del Sur in the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao; and (iv) the Bukidnon Upper River Basin in Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental provinces in Northern Mindanao (Region 10).

2. The INREMP has four (4) outputs namely: (i) River basin and watershed management and investment plans established; (ii) Smallholder and institutional investments in conservation increased and URB productivity enhanced in the forestry, agriculture and rural sectors; (iii) River basin and watershed management capacity and related governance mechanisms strengthened; and (iv) Project management and support services delivered.

3. Under Output 2, the LGU of Balbalan has proposed the subproject – the rehabilitation of Pingi-Codcodwe Water Works System (Figure 1). The subproject will be implemented by the LGU of Balbalan with an estimated amount of PhP 3,000,000.00 for the duration of 120 calendar days.

4. At present, there are five (5) water sources in the barangay that supply the sitios. These water sources are: Maaya-ayas, Dalyagan, Babbakong, Gatgat, and Kajchilan. The Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP) through the Philippine Association for Intercultural Development (PAFID) has funded a water work system that source out from Gatgat water source. This water source is known to provide water to Gawa-an proper. All existing water

works system have old rotten pipes which are wrapped with rubber, while the others have insufficient water.

5. The subproject has an estimated length of (6) kilometers including construction of the reservoir, installation of pipelines and skyline. The Maayaayas Creek which is the only water source for the project which originates from Mt. Makilkilang. The proposed plan is that the existing waterworks system to be rehabilitated, maintaining the existing water source (Maayayas Creek) (Figure 2). The LGU – Rural Health Unit (RHU) stated that the water source passed the requirements set by the Philippine National Standard for drinking water. The need to improve is the water source quality. The pipes must be replaced since these are already dilapidated. The siltation tank served as a filtration devices removing debris or any residues. The discharge rate of the filtration tank is directly proportional to the supply coming-in from the source.

6. The source will be connected to an existing siltation tank to improve its water quality which now flow to the existing reservoir in Sitio Balong going down to a junction box using new pipes. Water will be distributed from the junction box through a new propose pipe line going to Sitio Uta, Pipi, Codcodwe and Liglig. Due to naturally rugged topography coupled with steep slopes, hanging pipelines harnessed and tied with steel cable and anchored into “deadman” installed instead to support weight of the pipes and water being conveyed. A “deadman” is a reinforced concrete cement embedded on the ground.

7. There are five (5) reservoirs/tanks and one (1) junction box to the existing water system subproject. Two reservoirs (Liglig reservoir and Balog reservoir) and one junction box will only be replaced, and the three existing reservoirs (Pipi reservoir, Uta reservoir and Codcodwe reservoir) will remain. Estimated distances from the source (Maayaayas Creek) to Balong reservoir is 2,114 meters, while Balong reservoir to junction box, which will serve as meantime storage before distributing to other sitios, is 1,552 meters.

8. Distances of pipelines from the junction box to different sitios are: 60 meters to Pipi reservoir, 950 meters to Uta reservoir, 765 meters to Codcodwe reservoir, and 4,515 to Liglig reservoir (refer to Figure 1). The reservoirs will be nestled within the community for easier access. It must be pointed out that there are no private improvement and structures to be affected especially on the proposed tanks location.

9. The municipality of Balbalan is covered by the Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim (CADC) No. CAR-CADC-116, covering Barangay Gawa-an, the beneficiary barangay. This proposed subproject is a priority project which is identified by the community people in the Barangay Development Plan and the Municipal Local Government Unit (MLGU) in the Local Development and Investment Plan.

10. The subproject aims to provide an all-year round access to safe domestic water supply that will improve the economic and environmental condition of the populace. Specifically, the completion of the subproject is expected to a) provide level II water supply to the 95 households of sitios Pipi, Uta, Codcodwe and Liglig, b) increase the number of households with water sealed toilet facility, and c) increase family income through other household livelihood activities such as swine and duck raising, and home gardening.

Figure 1: Location of the proposed water system subproject

III. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

11. In accordance to the Philippine law and ADB policy on Indigenous people’s safeguards, all proposed projects must undergo the procedures required in social impact assessment. This is to ensure that indigenous peoples will benefit from a project, and that adverse impacts from the project will be prevented, or where this is not possible, can be mitigated and compensated for. Looking at the Philippine history, the indigenous communities including the original settlers in the country were deprived of their rights and displaced since the pre-colonization. Many forms of injustices such as discrimination, marginalization and oppression of the IPs continued even after the colonial rule. The injustices to the IPs pushed them to resist against the projects intended to benefit them and against the government lead by elders or leaders. With that, the rights of the IPs were recognized through the approval of the IPRA law, although it went through a lot of struggles and conflict. The law is meant to correct the historical injustices, and fulfill the constitutional mandate.

A. Relevant Legal and Institutional Framework Applicable to the Indigenous Peoples

12. The ADB, the Philippine Government and its proponents shall recognize the vital role of indigenous peoples (IPs) as autonomous partners in development and shall fully support the development and empowerment of IP or associations to pursue and protect their legitimate and collective interests and aspirations. Thus, all involved in the project will recognize, protect and

promote the rights of indigenous cultural communities (ICCs)/IPs establishing implementing mechanisms, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes.

Figure 2: The water source location (landscape of and close up water source) located at Barangay Gawa-an, Balbalan, Kalinga

1. Philippine Constitution of 1987

13. Under Constitution of the Philippines a number of Articles have been included for the protection of the indigenous cultural communities in particular. These are: a. Article II of Section 22 recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framework of national unity and development. b. Article XII of Section 5 empowers the State, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national development policies and programs, shall protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their economic, social, and cultural well-being. c. Article XIII of Section 6 confers the State shall apply the principles of agrarian reform or stewardship, whenever applicable in accordance with law, in the disposition or utilization of other natural resources, including lands of the public domain under lease or concession suitable to agriculture, subject to prior rights, homestead rights of small settlers, and the rights of indigenous communities to their ancestral lands. d. Article XIV of Section 2(4) encourages non-formal, informal, and indigenous learning systems, as well as self-learning, independent, and out-of-school study programs particularly those that respond to community needs. e. Article XIV of Section 17 stipulates that the State shall recognize, respect, and protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions, and institutions. It shall consider these rights in the formulation of national plans and policies. f. Article XVI of Section 12 empowers the Congress to create a consultative body to advise the President on policies affecting indigenous cultural communities, the majority of the members of which shall come from such communities.

2. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997 (RA 8371)

14. The Indigenous Peoples (IP) in the Philippines remain as the most marginalized sector of society. This status continues despite the tremendous inroads achieved by communities, partners and advocates through years of struggle. In 1997, as result vigilance and the sustained advocacy of the IP sector and its partners, the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) was enacted. This provided venues and legal backbone for the recognition of the Traditional Rights of communities over their ancestral domain.

15. The IPRA provides for the recognition of the traditional rights of Indigenous Peoples over their ancestral domains through the issuance of Certificates of Ancestral Domain Titles (CADT). It recognizes the rights of ICC’s to define their development priorities through their own Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan (ADSDPP) and exercise management and utilize the natural resources within their traditional territories.

3. NCIP Administrative Order No. 3, Series of 2012

16. The NCIP AO 3 underscores the policy of the state that no concession, license, permit or lease or undertaking affecting ancestral domains will be granted or renewed without going through the free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) process, which is needed in the issuance of a Certification Precondition by the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP).

4. DENR-NCIP Memorandum of Agreement and Implementing Guidelines

17. The DENR and NCIP entered into a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) for the implementation of INREMP to ensure that provisions of the NCIP Administrative Order No. 3, Series of 2012 or the Revised Guidelines on Free and Prior Informed Consent and Related Processes of 2012, are fully considered and complied.

18. Meanwhile, the Implementing Guidelines on the Memorandum of Agreement between DENR and NCIP for the Implementation of the INREMP in Municipalities with Indigenous People’s Communities,” was promulgated with the following objectives: a. Establish a common understanding and framework for the operationalization of the Memorandum of Agreement between DENR and NCIP for the implementation of the INREMP in areas with indigenous people’s communities; b. Set the requirements and procedures in ensuring compliance to NCIP Administrative Order No. 3, Series of 2012 or the Revised Guidelines on Free and Prior Informed Consent and Related Processes of 2012; c. Provide and ensure compliance with the procedure and the standards in the conduct of the required validation process; and d. Protect the rights of the ICCs/ IPs in the introduction and implementation of plans, programs, projects, activities and other undertakings that will affect them and their ancestral domains to ensure their economic, social and cultural well-being.

5. Basic Principles of ADB Safeguard Policy, 2009

19. ADB Policy on Safeguards requirement for Indigenous peoples recognizes the right of Indigenous People to direct the course of their own development. Indigenous people are defined in different countries in various ways. For operational purpose, the term Indigenous people is used to refer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and cultural group with following characteristics: a. Self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this community by others; b. Collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area and to the natural resources in the habitats; c. Customary, cultural, economic, social or political institutions that are separate from those of dominant society and culture; and d. A distinct language, often different from the official language of the country or region.

20. According to ADB policy Indigenous people’s safeguards are triggered if a project directly or indirectly affects the dignity, human rights, livelihood systems or culture of Indigenous people or affects the territories, natural or cultural resources that Indigenous people own, use, occupy or claim as their ancestral property.

21. The SPS sets out the following principles for IP safeguards in all projects in which ADB is involved: a. Screen early on to determine (i) whether Indigenous Peoples are present in, or have collective attachment to, the project area; and (ii) whether project impacts on Indigenous Peoples are likely. b. Undertake a culturally appropriate and gender-sensitive social impact assessment or use similar methods to assess potential project impacts, both positive and adverse, on Indigenous Peoples. Give full consideration to options the affected Indigenous Peoples prefer in relation to the provision of project benefits and the design of mitigation measures. Identify social and economic benefits for affected Indigenous

Peoples that are culturally appropriate and gender and inter-generationally inclusive and develop measures to avoid, minimize, and/or mitigate adverse impacts on Indigenous Peoples. c. Undertake meaningful consultations with affected Indigenous Peoples communities and concerned Indigenous Peoples organizations to solicit their participation (i) in designing, implementing, and monitoring measures to avoid adverse impacts or, when avoidance is not possible, to minimize, mitigate, or compensate for such effects; and (ii) in tailoring project benefits for affected Indigenous Peoples communities in a culturally appropriate manner. To enhance Indigenous Peoples’ active participation, projects affecting them will provide for culturally appropriate and gender inclusive capacity development. Establish a culturally appropriate and gender inclusive grievance mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of the Indigenous Peoples’ concerns. d. Ascertain the consent of affected Indigenous Peoples communities to the following project activities: (i) commercial development of the cultural resources and knowledge of Indigenous Peoples; (ii) physical displacement from traditional or customary lands; and (iii) commercial development of natural resources within customary lands under use that would impact the livelihoods or the cultural, ceremonial, or spiritual uses that define the identity and community of Indigenous Peoples. For the purposes of policy application, the consent of affected Indigenous Peoples communities refers to a collective expression by the affected Indigenous Peoples communities, through individuals and/or their recognized representatives, of broad community support for such project activities. Broad community support may exist even if some individuals or groups object to the project activities. e. Avoid, to the maximum extent possible, any restricted access to and physical displacement from protected areas and natural resources. Where avoidance is not possible, ensure that the affected Indigenous Peoples communities participate in the design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of management arrangements for such areas and natural resources and that their benefits are equitably shared. f. Prepare an Indigenous Peoples plan (IPP) that is based on the social impact assessment with the assistance of qualified and experienced experts and that draw on indigenous knowledge and participation by the affected Indigenous Peoples communities. The IPP includes a framework for continued consultation with the affected Indigenous Peoples communities during project implementation; specifies measures to ensure that Indigenous Peoples receive culturally appropriate benefits; identifies measures to avoid, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for any adverse project impacts; and includes culturally appropriate grievance procedures, monitoring and evaluation arrangements, and a budget and time-bound actions for implementing the planned measures. g. Disclose a draft IPP, including documentation of the consultation process and the results of the social impact assessment in a timely manner, before project appraisal, in an accessible place and in a form and language(s) understandable to affected Indigenous Peoples communities and other stakeholders. The final IPP and its updates will also be disclosed to the affected Indigenous Peoples communities and other stakeholders. h. Prepare an action plan for legal recognition of customary rights to lands and territories or ancestral domains when the project involves (i) activities that are contingent on establishing legally recognized rights to lands and territories that Indigenous Peoples have traditionally owned or customarily used or occupied, or (ii) involuntary acquisition of such lands.

i. Monitor implementation of the IPP using qualified and experienced experts; adopt a participatory monitoring approach, wherever possible; and assess whether the IPP’s objective and desired outcome have been achieved, taking into account the baseline conditions and the results of IPP monitoring. Disclose monitoring reports.

B. Brief Description about the Indigenous Peoples in the Subproject Site

22. The section describes the general socio-economic profiles of the IP community in the subproject area. The information was collected from the Community Based Monitoring Survey (CBMS) in 2015.

23. To ensure that a baseline data of the IPs are obtained to be able to monitor and evaluate if all the impacts by the subproject are effectively managed, a data gathering and household survey on the IPs will be conducted before monitoring. Similarly, the LGU will gather available baseline information from the Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO), Rural Health Unit (RHU), and NCIP Offices.

1. Population Growth and Density

24. The total land area of the municipality of Balbalan is 611 sq km. According to the 2015 census, the population was 12,195 with a population density of 20 persons per sq km. Barangay Poblacion, the most developed area, is the highest populated barangay with an average of 76 persons per sq km., while Mabaca, Talalang & Balbalasang has the lowest population. Barangay Gawa-an has a total population of 1,022 with population density of 42 persons per sq km.

2. Basic Social Services

Health Services

25. Health and sanitation is widely implemented in the municipality. The LGU has a yearly program of recognizing the cleanest and greenest barangay. The LGU is also providing toilet bowls as assistance to the indigenous families who have no toilets.

26. In terms of garbage disposal, each barangay has a Material Recovery Facility (MRF) for recyclable materials. Furthermore, households dispose their biodegradable waste in compost pits and practice burning. Food and agricultural waste are used as feed ration for their pigs.

27. The Municipality has one government District Hospital with a 35-bed capacity, 1 Main Health Center and 17 Barangay Health Stations. The district hospital and main health center are all located in barangay Poblacion, the seat of the municipal government. All barangays have health stations manned by Rural Health Midwives. Three barangays however have satellite health stations, namely barangays Balbalasang, Gawa-an and Buaya.

Water

28. The main source of water that caters to the needs of the populace comes from springs that pass through pipes going into the households. As of 2016, there were no households with level I water systems, there were about 110 households with level II water systems and 64 households with level III totaling up to 174. To date, the main water problem lies in the insufficiency of potable water supply due to the decreasing water sources and damages in the water distribution system hence, needing major rehabilitation.

Education

29. There are three (3) public schools in the barangay namely Gawa-an Elementary School, Salegseg Community School and the Utah Community School. The barangay has also two Day Care Centers.

3. Ethnicity and Cultural Practices

30. Majority of the people are members of the Indigenous Peoples. There are seven (7) sub-tribes found in the municipality as shown in Table 1 below. People from other municipalities/provinces who are interrelated through marriage are also considered members of the respective sub-tribe of their spouses if they are willing to abide with the law of the IPs.

.Table 1: Name of Sub-tribes of IPs found in the Municipality Name of Barangays Name of Sub-Tribe Ababa-an & Poswoy Poswoy Dao-angan & Maling Dao-angan Balbalan Proper Gubang Tawang & Buaya Buaya Mabaca Mabaca Gawa-an Salegseg Balbalasang, Talalang & Pantikian Banao

31. Birth of a child. Upon the birth of a child, it is taboo for the mother to eat other food except rice and beans with some selected vegetables for five days until the “Ulog” and “Kulum” have been properly celebrated. Ulog is a feast attended by the relatives and “umili” or community members in thanksgiving to the anitos for the safe delivery. The family butcher pigs and prepare rice cakes “daykot” to be offered to those who attended. A priestess is invited to do a ritual of praying for the family and “kontad”, a litany of prayers for the baby. After the ulog, the “culom” usually follows during the night. This is a continuation of the celebration where chickens are butchered to be feasted on by the relatives. These rituals also mark the end of the mother’s abstinence from other foods. The father may also be allowed to go and work in far places.

32. Marriage. A pre-arrangement for the marriage or “Bolay” is a practice of this tribe especially among families related by blood to preserve kinship. The parents of the young boy selects a young girl among the clan. The parents of the young boy offers a dowry or “Kalon” to the young girl’s family. The girl’s family will then butcher a pig to signify and celebrate the agreement. When the children reaches the age for marriage, the parents then agree on the date of the marriage. The bride’s parents will again butcher a pig for the “solwak”, a feast of singing and dancing among both relatives and friends. The groom’s relative completes the required dowry to legalize the marriage and the “among” or wedding is celebrated. Upon understanding a person’s right to choose a partner in life, the “Bolay” has now become obsolete. However, the solwak remains in effect and marriage is strengthened by the laws of the state and that of the church. Divorce has never been allowed among couples with children even during the olden times. Concubinage is allowed but the man must be able to provide for his children from the other woman. Divorce is allowed to childless couples who signify their voluntary and willingness to separate to give a chance for both of them to have a child when they remarry.

33. Death and Mourning. Upon the death of a person, relatives gather for the wake of the dead. This period is called the “Codamal”. On a set date after the death of a person, the villages and relatives or sympathizers will gather at the dead person’s house for the “bagongon” or wake until the dead is buried. The bereaved family will butcher a carabao or cow for this activity. After a year, the family of the dead shall invite relatives for the “Kolyas” wherein the customary practice of mourning imposed on the surviving husband or wife will be lifted. In this occasion a carabao or cow is butchered.

4. Income and Expenditures

34. The municipality has an agricultural-based economy. Farming remains a dominant economic activity among the people. Generally, the people of Balbalan are farmers. Majority have income below the subsistence level.

35. Revenues of the municipality are derived from local and external sources. Local sources are classified into tax and non-tax revenues. Tax revenues are derived from business, community, real property taxes and tax on sand/gravel and quarry. On the other hand, non-tax revenues are derived from regulatory fees, business and service income and other income/receipts.

36. It is noted however that the municipality is IRA dependent because of its meager income on local sources.

37. The LGU expenditure program for the years show that majority of the budget is allotted for the general services. The remaining budget is allotted to the social, economic and other services.

C. Key Project Stakeholders

38. The key project stakeholders are as follows: • IPs living in the Barangay • DENR, as the executing agency of the INREMP; • DA-INREMP, as the implementing agency of rural infrastructure subprojects under the INREMP; • NPCO who shall oversee all safeguards compliance and provide technical support in the preparation and implementation of the IPP; • Municipal LGU of Balbalan as the implementing agency of the subproject; • BLGU of Mainit and the SPMU – that support the IPP implementation under the guidance of Municipal LGU of Balbalan; • Council of Elders (COE) that looks after the welfare of the tribe and its members; and • NCIP - the primary agency in regulation and support of the IPs in the area.

39. Contractors which are private and independent companies contracted to implement the rehabilitation are also stakeholders.

D. Gender Sensitive Assessment of IP Perceptions

40. The participation of women will be sustained through the subproject implementation. Local employment that will be needed during the implementation will be available for both men and women in the subproject area.

41. Women are involved in the project as well as they were in charge of preparation of the Subproject Documents, Initial Environmental Examination, Indigenous Peoples Plan, and other necessary documents pertaining to the planning, and consultation activities. Women are represented in the municipal, barangay, and community through the Barangay Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation Team (BPMET) of which out of the 9 members 3 are women. Aside from the activities mentioned above, they will also be involved during the monitoring and evaluation, operation and maintenance of the completed subproject. During the planning and consultation of the subproject, the women took charge of the documentation process.

E. Anticipated Positive and Negative Impacts of the Project

42. The subproject aims to provide provide access to safe and potable water supply to the community, reducing incidences of water-borne diseases and sanitation related dangers (see Table 2). Proposed measures to enhance these positive impacts include the maintainance of the forest cover of the water source, limit the anthropogenic activities such as expansion of agricultural lots or encroachment of the forest area, and the regular cleaning of tank, observe and maintain cleanliness of the environment, limit establishment of houses along the pipelines. Further, the BLGU and Barangay Water and Sanitation Association (BAWASA) will come up an agreement regarding the schedules and maintenance activities.

43. The only negative issue that can be gleaned in the implementation of the subproject would be considered the concrete work may contaminate soil and water. This adverse impact, however, it can be prevented by constant supervision of the LGU and BAWASA/BPMET during the construction phase.

IV. CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

A. Consultation and Participation

44. During the IPP preparation, the community consultation was held with the IP community, LGU, and INREMP staff on November 15, 2018 (see Appendix 3). The consultation meeting was attended by a total of 84 participants, the majority of which are female (please see table below).

45. The consultations provided a venue for the discussion of the background of the subproject, project scope of work, importance of the community consent, barangay participatory monitoring and evaluation team, discussion of the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, social and environmental safeguards, role of the community in implementation of the project, and compliance to free prior and informed consent.

Table 2: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Rehabilitation of Water Systems Subproject in Barangay Gawa-an

Date of Consultation Consultation and Total Males Females Venue November 15, 2018 Barangay Multi-purpose 84 51 33 hall, Gawa-an

46. During the community meeting, the DA-INREMP presented the subproject, explaining its objectives, the INREM subproject description, and the anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The result of the consultation was considered a success because the local people agreeing that the water system will bring significant health and economic benefits to the barangays. The community’s concerns on the subproject revolved on pre-construction and construction phase, and apparently, no long term negative environmental impact was foreseen by the participants. The majority of the respondents cited that the rehabilitation will provide safe and potable water to the community.

47. The community consultation confirmed the support of the IPs to the subproject implementation and provided a venue for them to identify the benefits and possible negative impacts of the subproject. The table below summarizes the discussions in the consultation.

48. The LGU of Balbalan also affirmed its interest through passing of the Sanggunian Bayan resolution of support to the subproject (Appendix 4).

Table 3: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Domestic Water System rehabilitation in Gawa- an, Balbalan, Kalinga Issues Opinions, Suggestion and How the Opinions, Concerns and Concerns Raised by the Suggestions have been Addressed Participants Benefits of the subproject Benefits from the water system The following are the responses of the rehabilitation expressed by on- participants when asked what benefits site and off-site stakeholders they’re expecting to gain from the subproject: • Improved access to basic social service • Access to safe and potable water supply • Improved sanitation services • Reduced incidences of water- borne diseases and sanitation related hazards • Decreased incidences of poverty • Improved quality of life of the people Pre-construction phase The stakeholder stressed that Suggested that all unused pipes should issues there should be no cutting of be disposed properly to prevent trees in order maintain the scattering of waste materials. adequate volume of water in the area. Construction Phase A safe and clean environment All the community members should Issues must be maintained at all work together to safeguard the project, times, tanks should be and to ensure that there will be no constructed away from the drilling along the pipelines, and facilitate houses. the speedy completion of the project. Any possible hindrances (especially from the community) to delay the completion of the project Environmental issues Possible environmental issues Identified potential issues and mitigation measures that the subproject might face. These issues and measures are

all captured on the environmental impact mitigation plan. Right of way Lots affected by the subproject There are no lot owners to be affected on the main source, along the pipelines, and the establishment of a tank. Implementation schedule No issues

B. Information Disclosure

49. The final IPP, updated IPP, if any, internal and external monitoring reports, will be submitted to ADB for disclosure to their website. The DA-INREMP, the Municipality of Balbalan, Kalinga and the affected Barangay offices, the Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Officer, and the DENR regional office, will make the IP Plan available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through setting up of a formal grievance redress committee with representations from the affected people. A field consultant working with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.

V. CAPACITY BUILDING

50. The DA-INREMP provided training to inform and capacitate partner LGUs on the preparation of Rural Infrastructure Subproject Document proposal including the requirements for compliance to INREMP’s environmental and social safeguards. Other training that was already conducted for the IPs was the Organizational Management and basic leadership development for Barangay Water Sanitation Association was conducted on November 22-23, 2018.

51. The capacity building initiatives for the community are outlined with respect to all affected IPs including women and youth. These training are meant to be held collectively for a tribe or barangay at a time and place chosen by the participants, and would be specifically customized for each target participant.

52. Part of the community’s capacity building is the organization of a team of community volunteers who will undertake the monitoring of project implementation in the community. This team of volunteers will be given proper and ample training, not only in monitoring but in report preparation as well. They will also be provided with proper monitoring tools and protective personal equipment (i.e. boots, hardhats, gloves) to use during monitoring activities. These volunteers can use the skills they will learn from the Project in future projects implemented in the barangay.

VI. BENEFICIAL AND MITIGATIVE MEASURES

53. The table below shows the subproject impacts and corresponding enhancing and mitigative measures identified during the consultations with the IP communities.

Table 4: Anticipated Beneficial and Adverse Impacts Subproject Impacts Enhancement or Targets Responsible Estimated Mitigation Measures Unit Cost Anticipated Positive Impacts Provide safe and Maintain the forest Barangay Barangay and Included in the potable supply cover of the water residents Municipal LGU budget of source; Municipal LGU Limit anthropogenic activities such as expansion of agricultural lots or encroachment of the forest area; Regular cleaning of tank (The BLGU and BAWASA must come with an agreement to schedule maintenance activity) Reduce incidence of Observe and maintain Barangay Barangay and Included in the water-borne cleanliness of the residents Municipal LGU budget of diseases and environment; Municipal LGU sanitation related Limit establishment of diseases houses along the pipelines Negative Impacts Concrete work may Constant supervision Barangay Barangay and Included in the contaminate soil and of the LGUs, residents Municipal LGU budget of water BAWASA/BPMET Municipal LGU during the construction phase Exploitation of Avoid too much Barangay Barangay and Included in the natural resources clearing of vegetation residents Municipal LGU budget of along the pipelines; Municipal LGU

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

54. The Local Government Unit of Balbalan has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the sub-project site. However, it still has to make room for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it set up a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level.

55. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise. Indigenous peoples related grievances may come from IPs residing within the influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources of their area/abode.

56. Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples, the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders. • Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan; • If the said grievance/dispute is not resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to thelevel of the Council of Elders (COE); and • If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to theNCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will be final and executory. The dispute/ grievance will be heard and adjudicated in accordance with the Rules on Pleadings, Practice and Procedures before the NCIP.

57. The Barangay Captain will be the designated focal person in case grievances may arise in the community level. In case of unsolved grievances, the MLGU from MPDO and MEO in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.

58. Complainants shall be exempted from all administrative and legal fees incurred pursuant to the grievance redress procedures. The Municipal LGU of Balbalan and the barangay LGU will maintain proper documentation of all complaints received and actions taken

59. Monthly reports on all complaints, disputes or questions received about the subproject and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues will be prepared by the SPMU. These reports will be included in the semi-annual internal monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB

VIII. MONITORING, REPORTING AND EVALUATION

60. The implementation of the IPP will be monitored to (i) ensure that mitigation measures designed to address adverse social impacts and measures to enhance positive impacts are adequate and effective; (ii) determine if there are any issues and concerns of the IP communities regarding the subproject implementation; (iii) propose corrective actions when needed and (iv) determine the benefits of the subprojects

A. Internal Monitoring

61. The DA-INREMP through the PSO will set up an internal monitoring system comprising of an IP Safeguard Officer, IP community and the affected IPs through their respective tribe and any other social institutions to monitor the IPP implementation. For daily monitoring of the IPP implementation, the PSO will engage a dedicated person at community level, who will interact closely with the IP households, and tribe on a priority basis. The focal person will also disclose the subproject-related information to the IP households. Also, the IP safeguard officer will observe the construction progress at the construction site and make plans of implementing the mitigation measures and enhancement measures as agreed in the IPP. The social safeguards specialist will

provide guidance to the PSO, IP safeguard officer to carry out the tasks. Periodic internal monitoring reports will be prepared by IP Safeguard Officer.

62. Regarding the involvement of the IP community in the monitoring of the IPP implementation, a BPMET has been established for each barangay during the community consultations. The BPMETs are composed of both male and female volunteers. The BPMETs have a responsibility in monitoring, evaluation and reporting of all subproject activities implementation including the IPP implementation and civil construction works. The BPMETs will be trained by the PSO who will work in close association with the community group and give necessary feedback to support internal daily monitoring and supervision of the subproject construction and IP activities with the support of the PMIC.

63. Internal monitoring indicators of the IPP implementation are outlined in Appendix 5.

B. External Monitoring

64. An external monitoring agency (EMA) will be engaged by the DENR for INREMP. The EMA will be either a qualified individual or a consultancy firm with qualified and experienced staff. Activities to be undertaken by the EMA are as follows: • conduct a socio-economic baseline survey; • verify results of internal monitoring; • verify and assess the results of the subproject Information, Education and Communication (IEC) for IPs and non-IPs; • assess efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability of the IPP implementation; • suggest modification in the implementation procedures of the IPP if necessary, to achieve the principles and objectives of the INREMP IPPF; and • review of the handling of compliance and grievances cases.

65. Indicators for external monitoring of the IPP implementation are presented in Appendix 6.

C. Reporting

66. The Municipal LGUs will submit quarterly progress reports to PSO of the DA-INREMP and DENR. The NPCO will consolidate all reports from the project municipalities and prepare internal semi-annual SMRs for submission to the ADB. The EMA will submit semi-annual social safeguards monitoring reports to the DENR and DA-INREMP and the DENR through the NPCO will be responsible for submitting the reports to ADB for review and disclosure. Monitoring reports will be uploaded on the ADB and INREMP websites for disclosure.

IX. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

67. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) is the executing agency for the INREMP and DENR has full responsibility for Project administration and management. The NPCO has been established at the DENR Central office to oversee the Project implementation, including all safeguards compliance and technical support in the preparation and implementation of the IPP. The tasks of NPCO are to: • Coordinate with NCIP and field implementing units in the preparation, planning, and if needed, revision of the IPP;

• Monitor the IPP implementation and fund disbursement; • Address grievances filed at its offices by the IPs for conflict mediation if these are not resolved at the regional level; • With NCIP, amend or complement the IPP in case problems are identified during the internal and/or external monitoring of its implementation.

68. Department of Agriculture – INREMP (DA-INREMP) is the implementing agency of the Rural Infrastructure Subprojects under the INREMP in the Chico Upper River Basin. The PSO under the DA will have responsibility in the following tasks: • Supervise all the activities under the subproject, including the IP-related issues; • Conduct consultations with the IP community in coordination with DENR and Municipal LGU of Balbalan; and • Prepare progress reports to submit to the DA and DENR.

69. Municipal LGU of Balbalan is the implementing agency of the subproject. The Municipal LGU is responsible for the following tasks: • Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the IPP; • Ensure that subproject implementation complies with the ADB SPS 2009 and regulations of the Government and tribal groups; • Obtain necessary approval(s) from NCIP and/or other concerned government agencies prior to commencement of activities; • Ensure that tender and contract document for design, supervision and civil works include the relevant IPP requirements; • Conduct public consultation(s) and/or secure resolution(s) of support to ensure the acceptability of the subproject; • Facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns; • Monitor the implementation of the measures specified in the approved IPP; • Submit periodic reports of implementation progress to the DA-INREMP; and • Provide funds in capacity building needs identified to capacitate the IP stakeholders.

70. Subproject Management Unit (SPMU) was created by the Municipal LGU of Balbalan (see Appendix 7). It is composed of LGU division heads especially the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer. The SPMU is responsible for the following tasks: • Prepare, implement and comply with the required social, technical and environmental safeguards, such as, but not limited to resettlement plan, acquisition of right of ways, environmental compliance certificate/ certificate of non-coverage to ensure the readiness of the subproject relative to these; • Incorporate social dimensions to the subproject design and implementation by conducting public consultation, information education and advocacy to the local development council and the communities; • Design and implement strategies and mechanisms to ensure sustainability of the subproject to include cost recovery, among others; • Ensure that IPP provisions are strictly implemented and monitored during the various project phases; and • Adopt monitoring and evaluation system to generate baseline data and to monitor and evaluate the benefits and impact of the subproject.

71. National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) has responsibility to observe and comply with its duties and functions as follows:

• Protect and promote the interest and well-being of the IPs with regard to their beliefs, customs, tradition and institutions; • Issue appropriate certification as a pre-condition to the issuance of permits, leases, grants or any other similar authority for the disposition, utilization, management, and appropriation by any private individual, corporate entity or any government agency, corporation or subdivision thereof on any part or portion of ancestral domains taking into consideration the consensus approval of the IP concerned; • Exercise its authority to conduct visitation of the area relative to the applicant’s program in order to secure the conditions and well-being of the ICCs/IPs; and • Handle grievances of the IPs if the grievances are not resolved satisfactorily at the level of CoE.

72. The Social Safeguards Specialist of NPCO will assist and work closely with the NPCO, PSO and Municipal LGU of Balbalan as follows: • The assisting professional/safeguards specialist of NPCO will undertake the supervision and monitoring of the IPP implementation and contractor’s performance. • Closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of proposed measures specified in the IPP. • Assist the DA-INREMP/DENR in preparing semi-annual monitoring reports on the progress of the IPP implementation. • Facilitate capacity building needs identified to capacitate the IP stakeholders.

73. The Project Management Implementation Consultants (PMIC) will be engaged to assist and work closely with the NPCO, PSO and Municipal LGU of Balbalan on the various activities, including providing capacity to implement and monitor the IP activities.

74. The BPMETs and BAWASA have been established to undertake the following tasks: • Monitor the performance of PO officers implementing subprojects; • Monitor the functionality of the association, and the financial aspect of the organization; • Document findings during the scheduled monitoring and evaluation of infrastructure subprojects; • Consolidate reports to the general assembly and to other stakeholders; • Submit reports of findings and recommendations to the Barangay Inspection Team, Municipal Management Group, and Provincial Management Group. The Barangay Development Council should be given a copy for information and guidance; • Monitor the implementation of the Participatory Project Investment Plans (PPIPs) and other plans agreed upon during meetings; • Obtain complete and updated copies of the barangay PPIP, documentation on all project work plans, activities, and programs including copies of performance and/or accomplishment reports; • Obtain copies of all contracts, bids, awards for projects/activities/ programs of the barangay in so far as these apply to DA-INREMP; • Obtain copies of all complaints, favorable reports of subproject activities; and • Obtain and maintain files and reports of the Provincial Planning Development Office – Balbalan, Barangay Development Council, participating line agencies, barangay POs, Council of Elders, and DA-INREMP beneficiaries.

75. The indicative implementation schedule of the IPP is presented in the table below.

Table 5: Implementation Schedule for the Indigenous People 2018 2019 2020 INVOLVED A N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J Orientation and IPs, LGU, INREMP, consultation to NCIP / / the indigenous people BPMET capacity BPMET, LGU, enhancement / INREMP training BPMET BPMET, LGU, cluster INREMP meeting and / / / assessment (once every quarter) Safeguards BPMET, LGU, monitoring INREMP / / compliance workshop PO Convention / BPMET, LGU, INREMP Grievance IPs, LGU, BPMET, redress council of elders, mechanism (it INREMP will depends on / / / / / / / / / / / / / issues or concerns that will arise) Implementation: / Monitoring and BPMET, LGU, evaluation INREMP / / / / / / / / / / / / / (BPMET) at least twice a month Monitoring / BPMET, LGU, and INREMP evaluation (Internal and / / / / / / / external) once a month

X. BUDGET AND FINANCING

76. The total estimated cost for the IPP implementation is Php 620,000.00 including the cost for capacity building activities, and barangay orientation. The estimated cost per activity is shown below which will be covered by the DA-INREMP.

Table 6: Proposed Budget for the IPs Activity Objective Target Timeline Estimated Participants Budget (Php) Barangay Properly orient the Whole community As soon as 20,000.00 Orientation barangay regarding proposed project is social and approved for environmental implementation safeguards relative

to project implementation

IPs capacity and Provide additional BAWASA and 600,000.00 development skills for target BPMET members training participants

Source of Fund: DA – INREMP Funds

APPENDICES

Appendix 1:CENRO Certification/CADC/CADT

Appendix 2:A Copy of the Certificate of Pre-Condition

25 Appendix 3: Minutes and Attendance during the Consultation Meeting

26 27 28 Signed attendance Sheet (Kalinga, Balbalan, Gawa-an Barangay Orientation and Consultation. November 15, 2018

Available upon request.

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Pictures during the Kalinga, Balbalan, Gawa-an Barangay Orientation and Consultation. November 15, 2018

Available upon request.

45 Appendix 4:SB Resolution Accepting and Supporting the Subproject

46 47 Appendix 5: Internal Monitoring Indicators

Monitoring Indicators Basis for Indicators 1. Budget and Timeframe 1. Have capacity building and training activities been completed on schedule? 2. Are IPP and MOA activities being implemented and targets achieved against the agreed time frame? 3. Are funds for the implementation of the IPP/ADSDPP allocated to the proper agencies on time? 4. Have agencies responsible for the implementation of the IPP/ADSDPP received the scheduled funds? 5. Have funds been disbursed according to the IPP/ADSDPP? 6. Has social preparation phase taken place as scheduled? 7. Has all clearance been obtained from NCIP? 2. Public Participation and 1. Have consultations taken place as Consultation scheduled including meetings, groups and community activities? Have appropriate leaflets been prepared and distributed? 2. Have any Aps used the grievance redress procedures? What were the outcomes? 3. Have conflicts been resolved? 4. Was the social preparation phase implemented? 5. Were separate consultations done for Indigenous Peoples? 6. Was the conduct of these consultations intergenerationally exclusive, gender fair, free from external coercion and manipulation, done in a manner appropriate to the language and customs of the affected IP community and with proper disclosure? 7. How was the participation of IP women and children? Where they adequately represented?

48 3. Benefit Monitoring 1. What changes have occurred in patterns of occupation, production and resources use compared to the pre-project situation? 2. What changes have occurred in income and expenditure patterns compared to pre-project situation? What have been the changes in cost of living compared to pre-project situation? Have APs’ incomes kept pace with the changes? 3. What changes have taken place in key social and cultural parameters relating to living standards? 4. What changes have occurred for IPs? 5. Has the situation of the IPs improved, or at least maintained, as a result of the project? 6. Are IP women reaping the same benefits as IP men? 7. Are negative impacts proportionally shared by IP men and women?

49 Appendix 6: External Monitoring Indicators

Monitoring Indicators Basis for Indicators 1. Basic Information on AP 1. Location Households 2. Composition and structures, ages, education and skill levels 3. Gender of household head 4. Ethnic group 5. Access to health, education, utilities and other social services 6. Housing type 7. Land use and other resource ownership and patterns 8. Occupation and employment patterns 9. Income sources and levels 10. Agricultural production data (for rural households) 11. Participation in neighborhood or community groups 12. Access to cultural sites and events 13. Value of all assets forming entitlements and resettlement entitlements 2. Levels of AP 14. How much do IPs know about grievance Satisfaction procedures and conflict resolution procedures? How satisfied are those who have used said mechanism? 15. How much do the affected IP communities know about the IP framework? 16. Do they know their rights under the IP framework? 17. How much do they know about the grievance procedures available to them? 18. Do they know how to access to it? 19. How do they assess the implementation of the IPP/ADSDPP? 3. Other Impacts 20. Were there unintended environmental impacts? 21. Were there unintended impacts on employment or incomes? 4. IP Indicators 22. Are special measures to protect IP culture, traditional resource rights and resources in place? 23. How are these being implemented? 24. Are complaints and grievances of affected IPs being documented? 25. Are these being addressed?

50 26. Did the project proponent respect customary laws in the conduct of public consultations, in IPP/ ADSDPP implementation, in dispute resolution? 27. Were the public consultations intergenerationally inclusive? 28. Were women and children proportionally represented? 29. Were representatives of the NCIP present in the public consultations? During the monitoring of IPP/ADSDPP implementation?

51 Appendix 7: Executive Order Organizing the Subproject Management Unit

52 53