Instituto Federal De Santa Catarina/Unidade São José

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Instituto Federal De Santa Catarina/Unidade São José Tânia Regina Ferreira LITERATURA EM QUADRINHOS: TRISTE FIM DE POLICARPO QUARESMA, DE LIMA BARRETO Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Literatura, da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina para obtenção do Grau de Doutora em Teoria da Literatura. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Rosana Cássia Kamita Coorientadora Profa. Dra. Valéria Aparecida Bari Florianópolis 2015 Dedico esta tese ao Professor Doutor Lauro Junkes (In memoriam), Mestre, amigo e Orientador de minha trajetória no doutorado. Pelo caráter, sabedoria e pela carreira incansável na luta pelo reconhecimento dos escritores da literatura catarinense. A Deus que me deu saúde física e mental para enfrentar os obstáculos. Ao meu marido, Pedro Paulo Brüggemann, amor verdadeiro. À Paula Brüggemann, amada filha. A Pedro Augusto Brüggemann, filho amado. À Vilma Ferreira e a Francisco A. Pereira (In memoriam), meus pais, exemplos de persistência. À Maria Aparecida Borges Vieira, a Cida, amiga inseparável. AGRADECIMENTOS À Profa. Dra. Rosana Cássia Kamita, minha orientadora, pelas palavras sempre certas, nas horas certas. À Profa. Dra. Valéria Aparecida Bari, minha coorientadora, mesmo distante, atenta à minha pesquisa. Aos quadrinistas Edgar Vasques, Flávio Braga e Lailson de Holanda Cavalcanti pela pronta receptividade nas entrevistas, com participação importante na pesquisa. Aos funcionários da Biblioteca Setorial da ECA-USP (Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo) pela competente orientação na pesquisa ao acervo da Gibiteca. Ao Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, na pessoa da Diretora de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão, do câmpus São José, Profa. Marilene Vilhena de Oliveira, aos colegas de trabalho, em especial à Profa. Viviane D‘Ávila Heidenreich e ao Prof. Dr. Alexandre Sardá. RESUMO O objetivo desta tese é fazer o estudo do desfecho do romance de Lima Barreto, Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma − (centenário de publicação em livro 1915-2015) − adaptado para as quatro versões homônimas em quadrinhos por: Edgar Vasques e Flávio Braga (Desiderata, 2010); Cesar Lobo e Luiz Antonio Aguiar (Ática, 2010); Lailson de Holanda Cavalcanti (Companhia Editora Nacional, 2008) e de Ronaldo Antonelli e Francisco Vilachã (Escala Educacional, 2008). Defende-se a ideia de que a adaptação da obra literária para a linguagem dos quadrinhos democratiza a leitura e colabora para uma maior divulgação das obras, tanto da literária quanto da quadrinhística, atingindo desta maneira, um maior número de leitores e perpetuando no tempo e no espaço a narrativa ficcional brasileira. Observou-se que a transposição entre as obras propicia uma reprodução ou um questionamento das tradições culturais, atualizando-as (ou não). Palavras-chave: Literatura. Lima Barreto. Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma. Adaptação. Quadrinhos. ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to develop a study of the denouement of Lima Barreto‘s novel Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma − (centenary of its publication in book format 1915-2015) − adapted to four homonymous versions into comics by: Edgar Vasques and Flávio Braga (Desiderata, 2010); Cesar Lobo and Luiz Antonio Aguiar (Ática, 2010); Lailson de Holanda Cavalcanti (Companhia Editora Nacional, 2008) and Ronaldo Antonelli and Francisco Vilachã (Escala Educacional, 2008). We believe that the adaptation of the literary work into comics language helps to democratize reading and to propagate the literary work, thus reaching a greater number of readers and perpetuating the Brazilian fictional narrative in time and space. Was observed whether the transposition between the works fosters a reproduction or a questioning of the cultural traditions, updating them (or not). Keywords: Literature. Lima Barreto. Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma. Adaptation. Comics. LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1 - Livro Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, edição de 2011 ... 31 Figura 2 – Recibo de pagamento pela impressão do livro Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, de 1915 .............................................................. 39 Figura 3 - Obra A vida de Lima Barreto, de Francisco de Assis Barbosa, de 1952 .................................................................................................. 45 Figura 4 - Obra A vida de Lima Barreto em quadrinhos, Coleção Edição Maravilhosa, de 1957 ............................................................................ 48 Figura 5 - Obra A vida de Lima Barreto em quadrinhos, Coleção Clássicos Ilustrados ............................................................................... 49 Figura 6 - Obra A vida de Lima Barreto, 10ª edição, de 2012 .............. 50 Figura 7 – Personagem Yellow Kid ...................................................... 76 Figura 8 – Personagens Zé Caipora e Nhô-Quin ................................... 77 Figura 9 - Primeira revista brasileira em quadrinhos O Tico-Tico ........ 79 Figura 10 - Personagens da revista Reco-Reco...................................... 80 Figura 11 - A Gazeta Juvenil ................................................................. 81 Figura 12 - Gibi ..................................................................................... 82 Figura 13 – Clássicos Ilustrados: Edição Maravilhosa e Álbum Gigante, EBAL: clássicos estrangeiros adaptados para os quadrinhos ................ 83 Figura 14 – Edição Maravilhosa: O Guaraní, de José de Alencar ........ 84 Figura 15 – Edição Maravilhosa: Escrava Isaura, de Bernardo Guimarães ............................................................................................. 85 Figura 16 – Edição Maravilhosa: A Muralha, de Dinah Silveira de Queiroz .................................................................................................. 86 Figura 17 – Edição Maravilhosa: Menino de Engenho, de José Lins do Rêgo ...................................................................................................... 87 Figura 18 - Edição Maravilhosa: O Ateneu, de Raul Pompéia .............. 88 Figura 19 - Edição Maravilhosa: Canaã, de Graça Aranha .................. 89 Figura 20 - Edição Maravilhosa: Campanha Canudos – Episódio Os Sertões, de Euclides da Cunha .............................................................. 90 Figura 21 - Edição Maravilhosa: O Juiz de Paz da Roça, de Martins Pena ....................................................................................................... 91 Figura 22 - Edição Maravilhosa: Eramos Seis, Leandro Dupré ............ 92 Figura 23 - Clássicos Ilustrados: Álbum Gigante, EBAL: clássicos nacionais adaptados para os quadrinhos ................................................ 93 Figura 24 - Edição Maravilhosa: Os Meus Balões, A. Santos-Dumont e Garibaldi e Anita, de Brasil Gerson ...................................................... 94 Figura 25 - Coleção Grandes Clássicos em Graphic Novel, Editora Desiderata ............................................................................................ 117 Figura 26 - Personagem Rango, de Edgar Vasques ............................ 127 Figura 27 - Capa do Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma da Coleção Grandes Clássicos em Graphic Novel, editora Desiderata .................. 128 Figura 28 – Páginas 68 a 71 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata ................................................................................ 132 Figura 29 - Páginas 68 e 69 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma editora Desiderata ................................................................................ 133 Figura 30 - Páginas 70 e 71 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata ................................................................................ 135 Figura 31 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata: a Splash Page ................................................................... 137 Figura 32 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata: o quadrinho ....................................................................... 143 Figura 33 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata: a sarjeta ............................................................................. 147 Figura 34 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata: a legenda ........................................................................... 149 Figura 35 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Desiderata: o balão .............................................................................. 152 Figura 36 - Coleção Clássicos Brasileiros em HQ, editora Ática ....... 155 Figura 37 - Capa do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma da Coleção Clássicos Brasileiros em HQ, editora Ática ........................................ 157 Figura 38 – Páginas 68 a 71 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Ática ........................................................................................ 160 Figura 39 - Páginas 68 e 69 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Ática ........................................................................................ 162 Figura 40 - Fuzilamentos de Três de maio de 1814 ............................. 163 Figura 41 - A execução de Maximiliano, de 1867 ............................... 164 Figura 42 - Massacre na Coréia, 1950-1953....................................... 164 Figura 43 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Ática: o quadrinho (imagem recortada) ............................................... 167 Figura 44 - Página 68 do Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma, editora Ática: a legenda (imagem
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