Madrid Workshop Report
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Commission européenne / EuropeseCommissie, 1049 Bruxelles / Brussel, Belgique / BELGIË - Tel. +32 22991111 EUROPEAN COMMISSION ENTERPRISE AND INDUSTRY DIRECTORATE-GENERAL Aerospace, Maritime, Security and Defence Industries Space Research HORIZON 2020 WORKSHOP ON SPACE SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION 18-19 FEBRUARY, 2013 - MADRID WORKSHOP REPORT CONTENTS LIST OF RAPPORTEURS, SPEAKERS, AND PANELLISTS........................................ 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................. 3 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 5 2. INTRODUCTORY SESSION.................................................................................... 6 3. MEMBER STATES PERSPECTIVES ...................................................................... 7 4. SPLINTER SESSIONS............................................................................................... 9 4.1. Session 1A: Preparation for future Human Exploration ................................... 9 4.2. Session 1B: Mission Concepts........................................................................ 11 4.3. Session 1C: Sensors and Instruments.............................................................. 14 4.4. Session 1D: Preparation for future Robotic Exploration ................................ 16 4.5. Session 2A: ISS Experiments.......................................................................... 18 4.6. Session 2B: Analogue Terrain Studies and Ground Test Environments ........ 21 4.7. Session 2C: Space Environments Studies....................................................... 23 4.8. Session 3A: Astrophysics and Fundamental Physics...................................... 24 4.9. Session 3B: Planets, Moons, Asteroid and Comets ........................................ 27 4.10. Session 3C: Earth ............................................................................................ 29 4.11. Session 3D: Heliophysics................................................................................ 31 ANNEX A - WORKSHOP AGENDA ............................................................................. 34 ANNEX B - PRESENTATIONS FIRST DAY ................................................................ 36 ANNEX C - LIST OF ATTENDEES ............................................................................... 37 Commission européenne / EuropeseCommissie, 1049 Bruxelles / Brussel, Belgique / BELGIË - Tel. +32 22991111 Horizon 2020 Workshop on Space Science and Exploration 18-19 February, 2013, Madrid LIST OF RAPPORTEURS, SPEAKERS, AND PANELLISTS We would like to thank the session rapporteurs for their work. This report is largely based on their splinter session reports: Michael BALIKHIN Gerda HORNECK Robert LOWSON Zeina MOUNZER Jean-Pierre SWINGS Frances WESTALL We would like to thank the speakers and panellists who volunteered to prepare interesting and stimulating presentations to launch the discussions: Richard AMBROSI, Anna BELEHAKI, Tomás BELENGUER, Carlo BONIFAZI, Richard BONNEVILLE, Volker BOTHMER, Stephen BRIGGS, Anthony BROWN, Maria Teresa CAPRIA, Augusto CARAMAGNO, Gerard CORNET, Jean-Louis COUNIL, Juan CUETO, Fabio FAVATA, Enrico GAIA, Bruno GARDINI, Cristina GARRIDO, Laura GATTI, Francesc GODIA, Celestino GÓMEZ CID, Felipe GÓMEZ GÓMEZ, Mariella GRAZIANO, Leonid GURVITS, Mike HAPGOOD, Emmanuel HINGLAIS, Gerda HORNECK, Michel ILZKOVITZ, Hannu KOSKINEN, Lucas LABADIE, Ana LAVERÓN, Jesús MARTIN-PINTADO, José Miguel MAS HESSE, Steve MILLER, José MORENO, Gregor MORFILL, Michael NYENHUIS, Gian Gabriele ORI, Coumar OUDEA, Alain PODAIRE, Stefaan POEDTS, Jean-Yves PRADO, Stefan SCHNEIDER, Francois SPIERO, Piet STAMMES, Pauli STIGELL, Patrik SUNDBLAD, Michael SUPPA, Jean-Pierre SWINGS, Janusz SYLWESTER, Hubertus THOMAS, Pierre-Gilles TIZIEN, Frank VAN RUITENBEEK, Luis VÁZQUEZ, Mike WATSON, Iya WHITELEY, Jean- Claude WORMS, Paul ZABEL, MariPaz ZORZANO. 2 Horizon 2020 Workshop on Space Science and Exploration 18-19 February, 2013, Madrid EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Europe has a strong position in space science and exploration activities. The European space research community, from academia, industry and space research and technology institutes, is operating and competing at the highest international level. Whereas space infrastructure, such as science satellites or Mars exploration rovers, are mainly organised and developed through ESA, the scientific aspects are organised at national level. This includes the development and funding of scientific instruments as payloads on ESA space missions, and the funding of science teams involved in all mission aspects, from the mission proposal, to the operations of science payload, and exploitation of data from space missions. The European space research community present at the workshop indicated that this situation results in a fragmented space research landscape, where competition between national teams within Europe is putting the European space research community at a disadvantage compared to international colleagues. During the workshop three important aspects where mentioned in all different sessions: · The community called for coordination at European level of the space research activities. This should allow for transnational European collaboration between teams from industry, academia, and space research and technology institutes from the earliest proposal stage to the data exploitation stage. · Space research under Horizon 2020 needs to be combined with ESA and national activities in such a way that there is synergy and added value for the European space research community. · There is a strong need to develop a common integrative space exploration vision for Europe (human and robotic, as well as solar system science exploration) to provide a framework within which space research activities can best be organised and funded. FP7 funded network and road mapping projects such as THESSEUS, EUROPLANET and ASTROMAP have a role to play here. The workshop topical sessions were organised in three parallel sessions, addressing different aspects of involvement in space science and exploration missions. A) Activities taking place before the space mission Typical activities where the science community is closely involved are: developing proposals for new scientific missions, developing scientific instruments and sensors, preparing and developing experiments and activities on the international space station, and preparing for exploration missions. Horizon 2020 was considered to be most effective in aspects which are generic for multiple missions, such as for example planetary protection aspects. Mission specific aspects are usually covered by ESA processes. In addition, national instrument development could be complemented through Horizon 2020 in order to demonstrate new technologies at intermediate Technology Readiness Level (TRL), and to support low TRL breakthrough technologies which require cross-national collaboration. The ISS can well be used as a stepping stone to human exploration beyond low Earth orbit, and is therefore an important building block of European future exploration activities. Human and robotic exploration should be developed together as the means to explore space. To prepare new challenging science 3 Horizon 2020 Workshop on Space Science and Exploration 18-19 February, 2013, Madrid and exploration missions is important to support the cross-national teams in their preparation for ESA or international mission proposals. Direct collaboration between academic researchers and industry and space technology institutes starting at the earliest stages of space research project is key to achieving the best possible result in the long run. B) Activities taking place in the context of space missions The science community is and will be directly involved in the operation of space missions, for example currently in the ISS in doing experiments and monitoring human health aspects, in operating scientific payloads on astronomy missions, and in the future in directing the scientific operation of Mars rovers. In addition, the environment in which spacecraft operates, either in space, or on a planetary surface, is a key factor in the development and operation of missions, and needs to be mapped, modelled and, in the case of space weather, forecasted. Many of those are activities well suited to Horizon 2020 collaborative projects. The ISS operations are funded until 2020 at the present, and the best possible use of existing facilities and humans present at the station should be made to study human health aspects and Life Support Systems, as well as human-robotic interactions in preparation for future human exploration. In space weather a coordinated and long term approach, where collaborations are established in all aspects, including monitoring, data archiving and dissemination, simulations and modelling, would further strengthen the European community and increase the international impact. Analogue terrain studies and ground based test environments have an important role to play before and during space missions. This involves a variety of aspects, including the study of the space environment, for example the geology of the landing surface on Mars, testing of new technologies, testing of human-robotic interfaces, and simulating operational aspects in both robotic and human missions. C) Exploitation of data from space missions Exploitation of space data was highlighted as priority area for Horizon