Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School – Spacelife

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SpaceLife Booklet SpaceLife

Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School – SpaceLife

An Interdisciplinary Doctoral Candidate Program

Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany

Impressum: Description of the Helmholtz Space Life Sciences Research School (SpaceLife) April 2016

Editor: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Editorial Office: PD Dr. Christine E. Hellweg Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin Linder Höhe 51147 Köln Germany

E-mail: [email protected]

Design of the front page: CD Werbeagentur GmbH, Burgstraße 17, 53842 Troisdorf

Helmholtz Space Life Sciences

Research School

Contents

Introduction 3 Scientific Program 4 Topics and Doctoral Theses 6 Radiation Biology 6 Gravitational Biology 12 Astrobiology 19 Space Physiology 23 Professional Training Program 32 Thesis Supervision 32 Curriculum 33 Management Structure 47 Members 49 DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine 50 Partner Universities 51 Associated Partners 52 Faculty Member Profiles 56 Profiles of the SpaceLife Associated Partners 94 Member Group Locations 110 Application 111 Contact 112

SpaceLife 1

SpaceLife 2

Introduction

The Helmholtz Space Life Sci- All students attend lectures in Doctoral students from Kiel, ences Research School (Space- different subfields of space life Zurich and Regensburg attend Life) offers excellent and inter- sciences to attain an overview the lectures using teleconfer- disciplinary training for doctoral of the field: radiation and gravi- ence tools, or block courses will students from different fields tational biology, astrobiology be offered. Some elective (biology, physics, psychology, and space physiology, including courses take place at the Uni- veterinary medicine, nutrition or psychological aspects of short versity of Bonn and the DSHS sports sciences) and all coun- and long term space missions. Cologne. tries. Seminars, advanced lectures, The spokesperson bears respon- In each generation, up to 25 laboratory courses and stays at sibility for SpaceLife. SpaceLife is students can participate in the labs at the partner institutions organized by the coordinator three-year program. At the DLR, or abroad are offered as elective and the secretary. The scientific up to 13 doctoral students will course and will provide in-depth members of SpaceLife form the participate in SpaceLife. Up to knowledge of the chosen sub- Faculty which meets annually. twelve doctoral students at the field or will allow to appropriate The Faculty elects a Faculty Pan- partner universities can be ad- innovative methods. In Journal el who assists the coordinator mitted to SpaceLife. Clubs of the participating work- and the spokesperson in the Students will learn to develop ing groups, doctoral students student selection process and in integrated concepts to solve will learn critical reading of sci- formation of the curriculum. health issues in human space- entific literature, first steps in The doctoral students elect a flight and in related disease peer review, scientific writing Doctoral Spokesperson who patterns on Earth, and to fur- during preparation of their own participates in meetings of the ther explore the requirements publication, and writing of the Faculty and the Faculty Panel. for life in extreme environ- thesis. The training of soft skills ments, enabling a better under- will be offered as block course standing of the ecosystem Earth in cooperation with other and the search for life on other Helmholtz Research Schools. planets in unmanned and The whole program encom- manned missions. passes 303 hours and is organized in semester terms. Most Thesis supervision is close of the lectures will take place in meshed by two specialist Super- Cologne at the Institute of visors from DLR and the partner Aerospace Medicine. university, and a Mentor, as well as annual progress reports by the doctoral student in a Students’ Workshop.

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SpaceLife Scientific Program

The mission of the Helmholtz In the short term, Aurora fea- investigating the extraordinary Space Life Sciences Research tures robotic missions while at capability of terrestrial microor- School (SpaceLife) is to contri- the same time preparing for ganisms to adapt to and live bute to understanding the future human exploration mis- under extreme environmental space frontier and the opportu- sions. Humans bring speed, conditions. nities, capabilities, and limita- agility, versatility and intelli- A key priority of European hu- tions of humans living and gence to exploration in a way man spaceflight activities re- working on that frontier and of that robots cannot. Although it mains the effective use of the the spread of life in the uni- is true that humans will face International Space Station (ISS) verse. The program’s objective many dangers and obstacles in the next 10 years in order to is to investigate the complex operating on other planets, maximize the return on Europe- inter-actions of space environ- mostly due to their physiological an investment. This aligns well mental factors and humans or limitations when compared to with the current German Space other organisms. To accomplish robots, the potential scientific Life Sciences Program, in which its mission, SpaceLife imple- returns is more than sufficient three main scientific fields have ments a broad range of applied to justify employing astronauts been identified in collaboration and basic scientific research. as field scientists on other plan- with the scientific community: Thereby it links theoretical and ets. However, prior to manned integrative human physiology, practical approaches of radia- missions to Mars, appropriate biotechnological applications of tion dosimetry, microbiology, guidelines and methods need to the microgravity environment, basic molecular and cellular be developed to protect the and fundamental biology of research in radiation and gravi- planet from human activities gravity and radiation responses. tational biology with transla- that may be harmful to its envi- In view of planning long- tional and clinical studies. This ronment; this includes prevent- duration human exploration research is accomplished using ing the introduction of terrestri- missions it is imperative that the ground-based laboratories, mi- al biochemical compounds and ISS is used for the preparation crogravity environments, space- microorganisms that could in- of these new endeavors. analog simulation facilities and terfere with the search for in- The ISS is ideally suited for test- if available, space flight oppor- digenous Martian life, to pro- ing hardware developments, tunities. The long-term goal is tect the Earth from potentially and to perform long-term medi- to contribute to the “safe, sus- harmful agents brought back cal studies, related to future tained, affordable exploration from Mars or even sample re- exploration missions to Moon of the Moon, Mars, and be- turn missions upon return of and Mars. These medical studies yond...”. The European Space the explorers. Answers to these on humans will be focused on Agency’s Aurora program and planetary protection issues need the long-term effects of micro- the US Vision for Space Explora- to be available well ahead of gravity, radiation biology, and tion aim ultimately to land peo- manned missions to Mars, e.g. the psychological effects of long ple on Mars, although it seems by testing planetary protection duration flight. certain that the Moon will be an protocols and guidelines during earlier target. precursor missions and by

SpaceLife 4

SpaceLife Scientific Program

The European Columbus labo- In fundamental biology, ques- questions are adaptation phe- ratory has been successfully tions on the understanding of nomena to a long-term micro- launched on February 7, 2008 the effects of cosmic radiation gravity environment, the exist- and paves the way for the im- and of altered gravity (micro- ence of sensitive windows in the plementation of a significant ISS gravity and hypergravity) on development of organisms as utilization program which will living systems as well as on the well as thresholds of graviper- further advance technical and origin and distribution of life ception. There is particular in- scientific progress in human and its evolution, are tackled. terest in the long-term effects spaceflight. Radiation is an acknowledged of reduced gravity on the hu- Space life science research em- primary concern for manned man body as well as on multi- braces the whole range of stu- spaceflight and is a potentially generation experiments with dies from molecular and cellular limiting factor for long term cells and multicellular systems. biology to whole-organism phy- orbital and interplanetary mis- Of special importance is to de- siology. In the important area of sions. Results from numerous termine potential gravity human physiology and medi- space probes demonstrate thresholds for different body cine, research in the space envi- heightened radiation levels functions, in particular with ronment has demonstrated the compared to the Earth's surface regard to loss of muscle and potential to provide unique in- and a change in the nature of bone mass, reduced cardiovas- sights into such areas as gene the radiation field - particularly cular capacity, functioning of expression, immunological func- the presence of high energy the central nervous system, and tion, bone physiology, and neu- heavy ions. The biological ef- immune system deficiencies. rovestibular and cardio-vascular fects of this extraordinary radia- With respect to future long- function. These areas are im- tion quality and the depths dose term human space missions to portant for understanding age- distributions in the human body Moon and Mars it is of utmost related phenomena and a range have to be assessed for risk es- importance to enlarge our of terrestrial disease processes timation and countermeasure knowledge about life in extreme (e.g. osteoporosis, muscle atro- development. Of central im- environments, to develop, not phy, cardiac impairment, and portance is also the elucidation only adequate countermeasures balance and co-ordination de- of the mechanisms of gravity to reduce the effects of low fects), and as such have poten- perception and signal transduc- gravity, but also to perform tial medical applications in pre- tion. While there is an increase research into the effects of vention, diagnosis, and therapy in knowledge of the biological space radiation on the human here on Earth. Moreover, re- and physiological consequences body. Therefore, the Institute of search in space physiology pro- of short-term microgravity, the Aerospace Medicine at the DLR vides a stimulus for the devel- biological effects of prolonged establishes the Helmholtz Space opment of innovative medical exposure to low, but non-zero, Life Sciences Research School technology, much of which is gravity are largely unknown. For (SpaceLife) in order to provide directly applicable to terrestrial example, more or less open training at the highest level for medicine. excellent young scientists.

SpaceLife 5 SpaceLife Scientific Program Topics and Doctoral Theses Besides the MATROSHKA exper- Radiation Protection iment, the group is in charge– and Space Radiation as contractor for ESA – for the Measurements personal dosimetry of European Radiation Biology In order to obtain precise data Astronauts. Of special im- on radiation distribution portance are the experiments – throughout the body during an in cooperation with CAU – for Space Radiation Biology seeks Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA), the long term monitoring of the to understand the biological MATROSHKA -an ESA multi- radiation environment in- and effects of cosmic radiation by user facility - was developed by outside the ISS. This started applying advanced methods of the German Aerospace Centre with measurements inside the radiation dosimetry and cell (DLR), Institute of Aerospace US Lab in 2001 (DOSMAP) and biology. Medicine. The key part of the was followed by long term spa- For proper risk assessment and facility is a human phantom tial and temporal measurements amelioration of the effects of upper torso, equipped with in the Columbus Module start- radiation encountered in space numerous radiation detectors. ing with the DOSIS (2009 – 11) the knowledge of the radiation MATROSHKA was mounted on experiment and followed by the distribution throughout the the exterior of the Russian Ser- DOSIS 3D experiment (2012 – body and hence on the body vice Module of the International 15). The development of active dose, of the relative biological Space Station (ISS) in February radiation detectors in coopera- effectiveness of cosmic radia- 2004. After an exposure of tion with the University of Kiel tion, of the effects of other about 18 month it was brought for the US MSL Mission, as well spaceflight factors on the ex- back inside the ISS and as the determination of the pression of radiation damage, equipped with new detector radiation exposure on aircrew and of the underlying biological sets and is still operating. The are further fields of study. responses are necessary. data gathered - in cooperation All space studies are accompa- with 19 institutes worldwide - nied by an extensive ground are used to reduce uncertainties based calibration program. The in risk estimates for radiation- detection efficiency of various induced cancer, and for the passive (thermoluminescence refinement of the shielding detectors, nuclear track etch needs for vehicles used for fu- detectors) and active (silicon ture long duration missions. detectors, tissue equivalent pro- They serve as benchmarks for portional counters and scintilla- space radiation models and tors) radiation detectors is inves- radiation transport calculations tigated in various heavy ion and and have important implications neutron fields. for ISS crew health and mission planning.

SpaceLife 6 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

Accurate knowledge of the over the years, especially due to physical characteristics of the the extension of the space sta- space radiation field in depend- tion, adding new modules and ence on the solar activity, the thereby changing the overall Radiation Biology orbital parameters and the dif- shielding properties of the sta- ferent shielding configurations tion but also due to the helio- of the International Space Sta- spheric modulation and particle tion ISS is therefore needed. transport in a dynamic magne- Radiation Protection Although considerable data has tosphere. and Space Radiation been accumulated from several In the frame of the PhD thesis Measurements spaceflight, it is not yet possible data from radiation experiments to provide a full quantitative onboard the International Space Topic of Doctoral Thesis description of the radiation Station shall be analysed to pro- field, especially at the edge of vide documentation of the ac- Long term variation of radia- the radiation belt, because of its tual nature and distribution of tion load onboard the Inter- highly complex composition the radiation environment national Space Station regarding the particles present throughout the whole Interna- and their energy spectra. Data tional Space Station. The base- DLR Supervisor comparison is also hampered by line data should be from the Dr. Thomas Berger uncertain angular distribution of joint DLR and CAU experiments +49 2203 601 3135 the single radiation compo- as DOSMAP (2001), DOSIS [email protected] nents, by missing knowledge on (2009 – 2011) and the upcom- the angular response of instru- ing DOSIS-3D (2012 – 2015) Dr. Günther Reitz ments and missing information experiment. In order to take +49 2203 601 3137 about shielding distributions of into account the variable “pri- [email protected] the locations were the different mary” radiation field due to instruments are mounted. Fur- heliospheric modulation existing University Supervisor ther on the radiation environ- models (e.g. PLANETOCOS- Prof. Dr. Bernd Heber (CAU Kiel) ment inside the ISS has changed MICS) will to be applied. +49 431 880 3955 [email protected]

Thesis Description The radiation environment encountered in space differs in nature from that on Earth, con- sisting mostly of high energetic ions from protons up to iron, The active part of the DOSIS exper- resulting in radiation levels far iment (2009 – 11) onboard the ISS exceeding the ones encoun- inside the European Columbus Measured count rate with the ac- Laboratory tered on Earth for occupational tive DOSTEL during the DOSIS ex- radiation workers. periment onboard the ISS

SpaceLife 7

SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses The Radiation Assessment De- Mars and to determine the radi- tector (RAD) instrument aboard ation dose for humans. Further MSL has been measuring the on it should enable validation of radiation environment which an Mars atmospheric transmission Radiation Biology astronaut would experience on models and radiation transport his way to Mars since early De- codes. cember 2011. RAD is an ener- This thesis will focus mainly on getic particle analyser designed the determination of the radia- Radiation Protection to characterize the full spectrum tion dose for humans on the and Space Radiation of energetic particle radiation at surface of Mars and on their Measurements the surface of Mars, including way to Mars. It will analyse galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), measurements from the cruise Topic of Doctoral Thesis solar energetic particles (SEPs), phase and on the surface to secondary neutral radiation and derive from them not only the Determination of the total other particles created both in dose an astronaut would have dose and dose rate for a the atmosphere and in the Mar- accumulated if he had flown manned mission to Mars tian regolith. with MSL, but also to give, for based on measurements The RAD instrument will oper- the first time, measurement- from the RAD instrument on ate throughout the whole mis- based ranges for this important the MSL mission sion, including a substantial part quantity for the various phases of the cruise phase, to charac- of a future manned mission to DLR Supervisor terize the radiation environment our neighbouring planet, Mars. Dr. Thomas Berger of MSL, both on its way to and Thus, this thesis entails a com- +49 2203 601 3135 on the surface of Mars. RAD's bination of data analysis and [email protected] primary science objectives are to detailed modelling. characterize the energetic parti- Dr. Günther Reitz cle spectrum at the surface of +49 2203 601 3137 [email protected]

University Supervisor Prof. Dr. Robert F. Wimmer- Schweingruber (CAU Kiel) +49 431 880 3964 [email protected]

Thesis Description The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission was launched on November 26, 2011 and landed Artwork of an older MSL rover on Mars and on August 6, design, showing RAD charged 2012. Photo of RAD flight model in the particle channel 65-degree field-of- laboratory view pointing towards the zenith.

SpaceLife 8 SpaceLife Scientific Program Topics and Doctoral Theses differentiate along their lineage. p53 protein regulates the ex- If a sufficiently large number of pression of specific genes in- cells are killed, tissue integrity volved in growth regulation and and function may be impaired, apoptosis, while NF-kB regu- Radiation Biology as occurs in acute radiation ef- lates the expression of specific fects. Repair may be successful anti-apoptotic genes involved in from the point of view of cell innate and adaptive immunity Cellular Radiation survival, but may contain latent and in oncogenesis. Activation Effects and Bystander errors that only manifest in sub- of the NF-kB pathway gives sequent generations of dividing transformed cells a growth and Effects cells. Such errors may contrib- survival advantage and further During space travel astronauts ute to radiation induced can- renders tumor cells resistant to face many acute risks; however, cerogenesis and cataractogene- chemo- and radiation therapy. after safe return to Earth a life- sis. The active cellular response At the Institute of Aerospace time risk persists for cancer and to radiation exposure involves Medicine, the biological effects cataracts as a result from expo- triggering of many signaling of cosmic radiation are analyzed sure to galactic cosmic rays pathways and the activation of by several approaches: Different (GCR) and in rare cases to solar transcription factors. For risk radiation qualities (sparsely ion- particle events (SPE). assessment and countermeas- izing X-rays, densely ionizing α- When comparing terrestrial ure development, the role of particles and accelerated heavy low-linear energy transfer (LET) such pathways in radiation in- ions as well as neutrons) are radiation (X-rays or γ-rays) to duced cancerogenesis and cata- supposed to have different in- high-LET space radiation quali- ractogenesis has to be under- duction potencies for stress- ties (heavy ions and secondary stood. In view of its tumor- induced pathways. Their effect neutrons), differences in the promoting capacity, Nuclear on the biological outcome (al- patterns of energy deposition in Factor kB (NF-kB) is an im- terations in gene expression, cell biomolecules, cells and tissues portant factor involved in the cycle arrest, apoptosis and other occur, which on cellular level modulation of environment- types of cell death, DNA repair) are only poorly understood and induced gene expression, espe- are analyzed e.g. by microar- on organ level information is cially in the interplay of the pro- rays, real-time quantitative Re- still incomplete. apoptotic p53 pathway and the verse Transcriptase Polymerase Exposure to ionizing radiation pro-survival NF-kB pathway Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), modifies the cellular division after low and high dose radia- translocation vectors with fluo- processes as well as other cell tion. The transcription factor rescent marker proteins and functions required for healthy p53 plays a central role as a immunofluorescence (confocal living organisms. Cells have the principal regulator of the G1 microscopy), promoter-reporter ability to repair themselves; cell cycle checkpoint in main- vectors, pulsed field gel electro- when that repair is successful, taining the integrity of genome phoresis, inhibitor and RNA the tissues and organisms re- after exposure to DNA- interference studies, apoptosis turn to their normal state. damaging agents, thereby act- assays and flow cytometric cell When the repair is not success- ing as a tumor suppressor. cycle analysis. ful, cells may die, mutate or

SpaceLife 9 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

volves the activation of several response to heavy ions with signaling pathways, resulting in medium to high linear energy the activation of transcription transfer (LET) is unknown. factors. The interplay of pro- For UV and low-LET radiation, it Radiation Biology survival and death-promoting has been shown that Nrf2 is pathway is essential for the cell- activated dose-dependently and fate responses (cellular senes- that the induction of cytopro- Cellular Radiation cence or premature differentia- tective genes can confer a high- Effects and Bystander tion, and different types of cell er radioresistance. Therefore, death: apoptosis, necrosis, mi- Effects activation of Nrf2 pathway and totic catastrophe). Previous ex- the induction of target genes by periments with space relevant Topic of Doctoral Thesis space-relevant radiation quali- radiation qualities have shown ties will be studied in this work, Survival pathways in the cellular that the pro-survival NF-kB and compared to the effects of response to space-relevant radi- pathway is activated by fluences known activators of the path- ation qualities of heavy ions that can be way such as pro- and anti- reached during long-term mis- DLR Supervisors oxidants, UV and low-LET radia- sions. The role of another cyto- tion. The contribution of the Dr. Christa Baumstark-Khan protective pathway leading to Nrf2 pathway to different cellu- +49 2203 601 3140 activation of the transcription lar outcomes after radiation [email protected] factor Nuclear Factor-E2-related exposure will be analyzed by PD Dr. Christine E. Hellweg factor 2 (Nrf2) in the cellular functional knockout of Nrf2 +49 2203 601 3243 using an RNA interference ap- [email protected] 11 proach. X-Rays 150 kV 10 C 75 MeV/n University Supervisor C 35 MeV/n 9 *** Ne 80 MeV/n 8 Prof. Dr. J. Dohmen Ar 95 MeV/n *** 7 Ni 75 MeV/n (University Cologne) Pb 29 MeV/n 6

+49 221 470 4862 RBE 5 [email protected] 4 3 *** Thesis Description 2 * 1 B-Dependentd2EGFP Gene Expression Radiation is a potentially limit- k 0 *** 10-1 100 101 102 103 104 ing factor for long-term orbital NF- LET (keV/µm) and interplanetary missions. For better risk estimation and de- Relative Biological Effectiveness Possible means for regulation of velopment of appropriate coun- (RBE) of energetic ions of different cell survival and other cell-fate termeasures, the study of the LET in activating NF-kB dependent responses to DNA damage and cellular radiation response is d2EGFP gene expression. 150 kV reactive oxygen species (ROS) and X-rays were used as reference radi- oxidative stress through interact- necessary. This active response ation (Hellweg et al., 2012, IJRB, tions of Nrf2 with NF-kB, p53, and of the cell to DNA damage in- 87:954-963) Notch1 cell-signaling pathways.

SpaceLife 10 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

Radiation-induced cataracts The mammalian lens is com- have been studied in radiother- posed of a single layer of nucle- apy patients, the survivors of ated cuboidal epithelial cells the atomic bombings in Japan, which differentiate at the bow Radiation Biology and patients undergoing com- region into elongated lens fiber puter tomography (CT) scans. cells which at maturity lack nu- These epidemiological studies clei and organelles. Cellular Radiation indicate that there is an in- With a diameter of ~10 mm Effects and Bystander creased incidence of lens opaci- porcine lenses could be viable- ties at doses below 1 Gy of for several weeks in culture and Effects sparsely ionizing radiation. Alt- this allows for a systemic inves- hough the causative factors of tigation of the so far only hy- Topic of Doctoral Thesis cataract are many, and its etiol- pothesized correlation of DNA damage response in epithelial Response of mammalian lenses ogy is still unclear, it has been cells and repair insufficiencies to space radiation qualities in linked to oxidative stress. It during differentiation to lens vitro and in organ culture plays a major role, not only in fiber cells and their emerging age related cataract, but also in DLR Supervisors opacification. radiation-induced cataract.

Dr. Christa Baumstark-Khan In contrast to other human or- +49 2203 601 3140 gans, most mammalian lenses [email protected] are small enough to be cultivat- PD Dr. Christine E. Hellweg ed as a whole organ ex vivo +49 2203 601 3243 over a longer period of time. [email protected] University Supervisor PD Dr. rer. nat. Alfred Wegener (RFWU Bonn)

Thesis Description The exact mechanisms leading to radiation-induced cataract formation are not precisely known; they are supposed to initiate from genetic damage in lens epithelial cells, including conflicts in cell cycle controls, apoptosis, abnormal differentiation, and cellular disorganiza- Cross section of an adult mammalian lens [modified from Danysh and tion, or other pathways guiding Duncan, 2009, Experimental Eye Research 88: 151-164] to abnormal lens protein fibers.

SpaceLife 11 SpaceLife Scientific Program Topics and Doctoral Theses Though severe effects of micro- Various clinostat devices have gravity on cells (e.g. lympho- been constructed enabling a cytes) have been stated, the broad variety of experimental development of complex organ- performances (e.g. microscopic Gravitational isms occurs more or less undis- observation of the sample dur- Biology turbed under this condition. ing rotation in a clinostat). However, a systematic approach Combination with our irradia- and multi-generation experi- tion facilities (see section Radia- ments with animals and plants tion Biology) enables the inves- The evolution of life on Earth tigation of the combined effect in microgravity are necessary as occurred under the persistent of functional weightlessness they are the key players in life influence of gravity. As gravity is and radiation. Correspondingly, support systems which are nec- constant with respect to its di- different centrifuge devices – essary for long-term manned rection and magnitude, the such as centrifuge microscope space missions. vectorial information of gravita- (NIZEMI = Niedergeschwindig- tional acceleration is a most In addition to rather exclusive keits-Zentrifugenmikroskop) - reliable reference point for ori- experiments under real micro- complete our experimental sce- entation. Sensors for the gravity gravity conditions, different nario. stimulus, specialized organelles ground-based methods have Furthermore, the Institute of for gravity sensing and mecha- been developed to achieve ei- Aerospace Medicine is the facili- nisms for active responses have ther the status of simulated ty responsible centre for Biolab, been found in unicellular organ- microgravity (this term has been a laboratory facility on the ISS. Biolab provides the possibility to isms as well as in multicellular adopted by international con- investigate various cell types animal and plant systems. Re- vention) or hypergravity (artificial gravity) conditions. and small biological systems cent studies support the hy- (plants and animals) under mi- The DLR Institute of Aerospace pothesis that gravity is per- crogravity conditions. ceived either by intracellular Medicine has a long-term expe- receptors (statocyst-like orga- rience in developing and using nelles), heavy cell organelles space simulation facilities: so-

(such as nucleus) and/or by called clinostats enable the rota- sensing the cell mass by means tion of a sample perpendicular of ion channels located in the to the gravitational field assum- cell membrane. Consequently ing that a continuously reori- the question arises about a ented biological system does general gravisensitivity of cells not perceive the gravitational including mammalian cells. stimulus. The results of some experiments also performed in real microgravity conditions support this hypothesis. DLR short arm human centrifuge (SAHC)

SpaceLife 12 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses The aim of this thesis is to inves- University Supervisor tigate the underlying molecular Prof. Daniela G. Grimm, MD pathways and to focus on the (Aarhus University) gravisensitive molecular mecha- Gravitational +45 871 67693 nisms in chondrocytes to identi- [email protected] fy the biological interface be- Biology tween the gravity force and Thesis Description cellular functions. The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)- Space conditions have been SMAD pathway has been re- Tissue Engineering found to have various effects on ported to play an important role the whole organism as well as in chondrocyte differentiation Topic of Doctoral Thesis on single cells. The planned the- and function maintenance. Influence of altered gravity on sis aims to increase the infor- Thus, the integrin internalization human chondrocytes – a new mation about the impact of and subsequent signaling path- strategy for tissue engineering gravity on human chondrocytes. ways of chondrocytes under of cartilage In vitro reconstitution of organs altered gravity conditions – in- is a modern task in tissue engi- cluding a parabolic flight exper- DLR Supervisors neering. If chondrocytes are iment - will be investigated. PD Dr. Ruth Hemmersbach exposed to altered gravity condi- 75 % of the thesis is performed +49 2203 601 3094 tions, simulated or real micro- at Magdeburg, 25 % at DLR, [email protected] gravity (µg) or hypergravity, 3D cartilage will be formed, charac- Cologne. Therefore it is recom- terized and may be potentially mended to live in Magdeburg. used for implantation in human or animal bodies.

Integrin internalization and downstream signaling pathway. The low elastic modulus of the extracellular matrix (ECM) promotes the integrin internalization. The promoted

BMPR II BMPR I internalization of integrin via caveolae on soft substrate is Caveolin-1 shown to affect the membrane location of bone mor- P phogenetic protein receptor Endocytosis type IA (BMPR1A) which is essential for the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.

SpaceLife 13 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses The main goal of this project is specific ion channels, cytoskele- to understand and how T lym- tal alterations and chromatin- phocytes respond to microgravi- associated mechanisms in gravity at the molecular level and tational cell sensitivity. Experi- Gravitational which molecular pathways are ments will be performed during altered initially and rapidly after the TEXUS-50/51 sounding Biology onset of microgravity. Previous rocket mission, during parabolic experiments of our team inves- flight campaigns and in simulat- tigated early signaling mecha- ed weightlessness provided by a Immune System nisms (MASER-12) and rapid 2D clinostat. The major part of alterations in gene expression the thesis will be performed in th Topic of Doctoral Thesis (16 DLR PFC) in T cells exposed Zurich, minor parts in Cologne, to microgravity, which revealed Magdeburg, Bordeaux and Signal transduction in human T potential gravi-sensitive Kiruna. Therefore it is recom- lymphocytes mechanism and structures in the mended to live in Zurich. cell. In the doctoral thesis pro- DLR Supervisor ject we will focus on the role of NN

University Supervisor Prof. Dr. Dr. Oliver Ullrich (University of Zurich) +41 44 6355310 [email protected]

Thesis Description Sensitivity of cells of the human immune system to reduced gravity has been supposed since the first Apollo missions and was demonstrated during several space missions in the past. However, it is not understood if and how human cells respond rapidly to reduced gravity and th Lift-Off of TEXUS-49 on March 29 , how reduced gravity is sensed 2011, 06:01 (Picture: Adrian Mettauer) Initial stages of T-cell activation require by a human cell. However, their input from both the T-cell receptor sensitivity to altered gravity ren- (TCR) and CD28 pathways, which con- ders cells of the immune system verge to induce interleukin-2 (IL-2) an ideal model system to under- production (from: C. Garrison Fathman stand if and how gravity on & Neil B. Lineberry, Molecular mechanisms of CD4+ T-cell anergy. Nature Earth is required for normal Reviews Immunology 7, 599-609, mammalian cell function. 2007)

SpaceLife 14 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

Since bioregenerative life sup- As a first step suitable species port systems can be regarded as will be selected and their toler- harsh, unfavorable and instable ance to common space mission habitats, organisms inhabiting generated debris such as high Gravitational these systems must exhibit a ammonium and phosphate lev- high plasticity to adapt to fre- els will be tested. Biology quently changing environmental In addition, ground based exper- conditions. iments to study short- and long- Ostracods are extremely well term effects of altered gravity Bioregenerative Life suited to face these challenges on selected ostracod species will Support Systems as they are tolerant to a wide be performed and their specific range of environmental factors gravisensing mechanisms and Topic of Doctoral Thesis and could therefore be key or- sensitive phases to gravity in ganisms in bioregenerative life their ontogeny will be analyzed. Living in extreme habitats: The support systems for the endur- The outcome will add a robust potential role of freshwater os- ing protein production in space and reliable species to future tracods in life support systems or explorations and life in ex- aquatic based live support sys- treme environments. The pro- tems. DLR Supervisor posed project thus aims to es- 75 % of the thesis is performed Prof. Dr. Ralf Anken tablish ostracods in aquatic at Munich, 25 % at DLR Co- +49 2203 601 3420 based bioregenerative life sup- logne. Therefore it is recom- [email protected] port systems. mended to live in Munich. University Supervisor PD Dr. Christian Laforsch (LMU München) +49 89 2180 74 252 [email protected] muenchen.de

Thesis Description Bioregenerative life support systems will play an important role in future space missions by providing astronauts with food and also by recycling organic waste. However, bioregenerative life support systems resemble artificial ecosystems, where popula- tions naturally undergo frequent oscillations evoked by changing environmental conditions.

SpaceLife 15 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

The planned thesis will centre Sign and precision of gravitaxis on the molecular identification are changing during culture and characterization of gravitax- development. Recent qPCR re- is relevant genes/proteins. It will sults indicate a change in ex- Gravitational be based on the transcriptom pression of gravitaxis-relevant data and the already identified genes during culture develop- Biology gravitaxis-relevant components. ment. This approach will be The known components will be extended by the newly identified used for a yeast two-hybrid components. In an ambitious Bioregenerative Life screen to identify up- and upcoming space experiment an Support Systems downstream components. automatic qPCR will be used. Potential candidates will be The newly developed system will be validated by the comparison Topic of Doctoral Thesis knocked down by RNAi. Knock down mutants will be character- to ‘normal’ qPCR results and will Molecular analysis of the gravi- ized physiologically. On success allow for an in-depth analysis in taxis signal transduction chain (i.e. impairment of gravi- and/or growing cultures. of gravitaxis in Euglena gracilis phototaxis (the light controlled 75 % of the thesis is performed orientational movement)) will be at Erlangen, 25 % at DLR, Co- DLR Supervisor used again in two-hybrid logne. Therefore it is recom- PD Dr. Ruth Hemmersbach screens. mended to live in Erlangen. +49 2203 601 3094 [email protected]

University Supervisor PD Dr. Michael Lebert (University of Erlangen) Gravity

+49 9131 8528217 3+ Gd [email protected] W7 Trifluoperazin - 2+ erlangen.de Fluphenazin Ca Ca2+ UV - Thesis Description 2+ -CaM Ca - EGTA Forskolin Vanadate Euglena gracilis is a model or- [control: Caged Ca2+ 1,9 Dideoxyforskolin A23187 ganism for the in-depth molecu- biolog. not active] Adenylatcyclase - Ionomycin lar analysis of gravity perception Indomethacin - Coffein in single cells which is in general Suramin G-Protein Theophylline not understood. Furthermore, Seretonin cAMP IBMX Euglena is used as an integral Bradykinin Prostaglandine 8-bromo-cAMP part of bioregenerative life- Protein kinase A support systems. Phosphatase 2A Initial characteri- + - zation of the Barium P Okaidaic acid gravitactic signal Cesium - transduction in + Ca2+ K Euglena gracilis by the use of IP3 ? 0 Lithium inhibitors and Heparin antagonists.

SpaceLife 16

SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses In addition, the thesis will ad- Thesis Description dress sensitive windows for The high reproductive output graviperception in ontogeny as and the essential role in aquatic well as thresholds of graviper- Gravitational food webs suggest especially ception in selected organisms. aquatic zooplankton species to Moreover, ground based studies Biology be suitable for life support sys- will be performed to investigate tems. the effects of altered gravity on Considering the broad range of the life history of the selected Bioregenerative Life gravity-perception systems - zooplankton species. The out- Support Systems from sensilla based structures come will foster the selection of up to statocyst systems - there zooplankton species for future Topic of Doctoral Thesis is still a considerable lack of live support systems. Further- knowledge regarding the gravi- more, it will significantly in- Comparison of gravisensing crease our knowledge on the organs in different planktonic ty sensing organs in marine and freshwater zooplankton species. evolution of graviperception in organisms – from evolution to aquatic ecosystems where gravi- life support systems Hence, this thesis aims to develop a highly representative ty is often the only reliable cue for orientation, and may there- DLR Supervisor comparison of gravity- fore elucidate general gravity- Prof. Dr. Ralf Anken perception systems in selected zooplankton organisms with related mechanisms valid for +49 2203 601 3420 other organisms as well. [email protected] special emphasis on their evolutionary history. 75 % of the thesis is performed in Munich, 25 % at DLR, Co- University Supervisor logne. Therefore it is recom- PD Dr. Christian Laforsch mended to live in Munich. (LMU München) +49 89 2180 74 252 [email protected] muenchen.de

Scanning electron micrograph of the Cladocera, Scapholebris sp.

SpaceLife 17 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses PD Dr. Markus Braun Thus, the impact of altered grav- (RFWU Bonn) ity (simulated microgravity pro- +49 228 73 2686 vided by clinostats, hypergravity [email protected] by means of centrifuge; all facili- Gravitational ties located at DLR) will be test- Thesis Description ed on the plant model system Biology Space conditions have been Arabidopsis. The results are ex- found to have various effects on pected to provide information the whole organism as well as on gravity-related pathways in Plant Physiology on single cells. The planned the- plant systems but might also sis aims to analyze responses of elucidate general gravity-related Topic of Doctoral Thesis Arabidopsis thaliana under al- mechanisms valid for other systems. In the frame of the thesis, Influence of altered gravity on tered gravitational stimulation. a proposal for a student micro- cellular signaling demonstrated Players of the plants gravitro- gravity experiment will be elabo- with Arabidopsis pism have been already identified; however, their role in the rated, submitted and - in case of positive evaluation – will be per- DLR Supervisors signaling cascade in perception and response is unclear. It has to formed. PD Dr. Ruth Hemmersbach be tested whether protein ex- +49 2203 601 3094 pression (up/down-regulation) [email protected] and posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation etc.) con- University Supervisor tribute to plants’ adaption to Dr. Maik Böhmer & Prof. Dr. altered gravitational stimuli. Jörg Kudla (WWU Münster)

+49 83 24841 [email protected]

Arabidopsis thaliana Clinostat Microscope for online observation of samples in simulated microgravity

SpaceLife 18 SpaceLife Scientific Program Topics and Doctoral Theses In the last decades the number Archaea. They are a rich re- of organisms discovered at loca- source of model organisms also tions, which would have been for studying the effect of condi- classified still recently as 'life- tions in outer space or on other Astrobiology hostile', has increased immense- planets. ly. Examples of such 'extremo- The Laboratory for Molecular phile' terrestrial organisms are Microbiology at the Philipps- microorganisms from hot Universität Marburg is investi- Astrobiology is the study of the springs, hydrothermal vents, origin, evolution and distribu- gating the stress response of deserts, permafrost, salt crystals, Bacillus subtilis. This soil bacte- tion of life in the universe. This very acid or basic water. The interdisciplinary field encom- rium can form highly resistant increasing knowledge of the endospores. The investigations passes the search for habitable adaptability and its fundamental environments in our Solar Sys- are focused on the physiological molecular mechanisms enable and molecular mechanisms by tem and beyond, investigations the estimation of the hypothet- in the field of prebiotic chemis- which bacteria respond to ical viability on other planets in changes in the environmental try, the search for extinct or our solar system, e.g. on Mars. extant life on Mars and other osmolarity. bodies in our Solar System, la- This research field is the main The Research School SpaceLife boratory and field research into topic of the Research Group provides the unique opportunity the origin and early evolution of Astrobiology of the Radiation to join the biological resources life on Earth, and studies of the Biology Department in the DLR- of the Regensburg Archaea potential of life to adapt to en- Institute of Aerospace Medicine. Centre with the equipment and vironmental challenges on Earth General questions at DLR are expertise of the DLR research and in outer space. (i) What are the physico- group Astrobiology, where la- Viable microorganisms from chemical boundary conditions boratory and space experiments Earth might be transported ei- for habitability? concerning research on viability ther intentionally or uninten- (ii) How do organisms survive and adaptability to space as well tionally to other planets by nat- extreme environments? as to simulated Martian conditions are accomplished and the ural events such as meteorite (iii) How resilient is life in ex- experiences of the Philipps- impacts or by robotic space- treme environments to envi- Universität Marburg in the in- craft, but they most certainly ronmental change? will accompany humans in fu- vestigation of molecular and (iv) What are the responses to cellular mechanisms in bacteria ture space missions. In extrater- different stressors, how do they restrial environments these ter- as a response to high salt con- cause adaptation and evolu- centrations. restrial life forms will be chal- tion? lenged by extremes, e.g. in Studies of survival and adapta- (v) Are there unique/common temperature, pressure, radiation tion will indicate not only and the availability of water and paths for responses to stresses? whether microbial life can ex- nutrients. The Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie pand its evolutionary trajectories and the Archaea Centre of the beyond Earth but also how it University of Regensburg have a can play key supporting roles in long-lasting expertise in isolat- human exploration. ing, growing and characterizing extremophilic Bacteria and

SpaceLife 19 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

One of the major driving forces This astrobiological doctoral is the search for signs of either thesis in the frame of the Helm- extinct or extant extraterrestrial holtz Space Life Sciences Re- life forms. For such missions search School (SpaceLife) will Astrobiology initially based on robotics it is comprise investigations on the absolutely necessary to avoid resistance of microbial isolates any unintended harmful con- from spacecraft assembly clean- tamination of other planets with rooms and from the Mars 500 Topic of Doctoral Thesis terrestrial microorganisms. isolation facility which was used Investigation of the resistance of In manned mission it is unavoid- to simulate a manned mission to typical bacterial isolates from able to carry microorganisms Mars. One focus of these inves- spacecraft assembly cleanrooms from Earth to space because tigations will be the examination and confined manned habits on many microorganisms are asso- of different types of antimicro- different antimicrobial surfaces ciated with humans. Several of bial surfaces and their suitability them are living in a commensal in the context of exploratory DLR Supervisor relationship with their human missions. In addition, the phys- Dr. Petra Rettberg hosts, others are human patho- iological potential with respect +49 2203 601 4637 gens. to different inactivating and sterilising agents and proce- [email protected] During prolonged human con- dures of these bacteria will be finement in isolated habitats like determined. University Supervisor spacecraft microorganisms, es- Prof. Dr. Reinhard Wirth pecially those related to the The new insights obtained from (Universität Regensburg) crew, will populate the habitat, these investigations will support +49 941 943 1825 e.g. surfaces in form of biofilms. the development of measures to assure crew health and safety [email protected] This can have deleterious effects during long-term space missions Regensburg.de with respect to material damage by biocorrosion and biofouling, and to prevent or counteract excessive microbial contamina- Thesis Description but also to humans by the potential accumulation of patho- tion and dissemination. Microorganisms are an integral gens. Both processes are critical component of the terrestrial for mission success. biosphere and can be found at almost all locations ranging from environments regarded as life-friendly from the anthropo- centric point of to view to those described as extreme or hostile. Future space exploration is based on unmanned and manned missions to other planets and moons of our solar system. Antimicobial surfaces, e.g. with Fungi on a communication device metalorganic materials like Sterions on the space station MIR (from: (from: sterione) IBMP)

SpaceLife 20 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

The increasing knowledge of This astrobiological doctoral the microbial adaptability and its thesis in the frame of the Helm- fundamental molecular mecha- holtz Space Life Sciences Re- nisms enable the estimation of search School (SpaceLife) will Astrobiology their hypothetical viability on comprise investigations on the other planets in our solar sys- tolerance of microorganisms tem, e.g. on Mars. The ability of against extreme physical and life to move beyond Earth will chemical environmental factors Topic of Doctoral Thesis depend upon the potential for as they occur on other planets Investigation of the tolerance of microorganisms to utilize re- and moons of our solar system microorganisms against extreme sources and to adapt and evolve and in space. From the variety physical and chemical environ- in extraterrestrial environments. of Bacteria and Archaea which mental parameters of astrobio- Studies of adaptation and sur- already proofed to be of astro- logical relevance vival will indicate not only biological interest in previous whether microbial life can ex- investigations as well as from DLR Supervisor pand its evolutionary trajectories new isolates from different ex- Dr. Petra Rettberg beyond Earth but also how it treme terrestrial environments a +49 2203 601 4637 can play key supporting roles in subset will be chosen for further [email protected] human exploration and are analysis. In addition, the occur- therefore in the interest of Plan- rence of microorganisms in spe- University Supervisor etary Protection considerations. cial environments of astrobiological interest will be detected Prof. Dr. Reinhard Wirth by molecular methods. Selected (Universität Regensburg) thermophilic and hyperthermo- +49 941 943 1825 philic microorganisms, first of all [email protected] four species of Ignicoccus, will Regensburg.de be characterised in detail with respect to their radiation and Thesis Description desiccation resistance. The main In the last decades the number focus of these investigations will of organisms discovered at loca- be on the analysis of cellular tions, which would have been damage, the identification of classified still recently as 'life- enzymatic repair pathways and hostile', has increased immense- on the determination of repair ly. Examples of such extremo- kinetics and the expression of philic terrestrial organisms are DNA repair genes. Molecular microorganisms from hot methods to be adapted and springs, hydrothermal vents, applied are amongst others deserts, permafrost, salt crystals, pulsed field gel electrophoresis spacecraft assembly clean and/or RTqPCR, fluorescence rooms, and very acid or basic staining techniques, microar- water. The hyperthermophilic archaeon rays, 2D-gel electrophoresis. Ignicoccus hospitalis with its symbi-

ont Nanoarchaeum equitans (from: Stetter & Rachel)

SpaceLife 21 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

supply of water and to the con- contamination of Mars. B. sub- comitant alterations in salinity tilis is a highly suitable model and osmolality resulting from organism for this research field frequent drought and flooding for studying spore resistance to Astrobiology of its natural habitat. This artificial and environmental threatens the cell with dehydra- stressors, e.g. UV and ionizing tion under hypertonic conditions radiation. Many frequently used or with rupture under hypotonic techniques, standardized exper- Topic of Doctoral Thesis conditions. B. subtilis avoids imental protocols (for prepara- Salt stress response during spore these devastating alternatives by tion and analyses) are already germination: implications for actively modulating its ion and established for B. subtilis and a search for microbial life on Mars organic solute pool to retain a variety of different knock-out suitable level of cytoplasmic strains are available. DLR Supervisor water and turgor. Under condi- Within this astrobiological doc- Dr. Ralf Möller tions where the salt stress is so toral thesis in the frame of the +49 2203 601 3145 strong that growth is no longer Helmholtz Space Life Sciences [email protected] permitted, a nonspecific and Research School (SpaceLife) a preemptive general stress re- broad spectrum of methods University Supervisor sponse system is engaged to could be applied. The ap- Prof. Dr. Erhard Bremer ensure the survival of B. subtilis. proaches cover proteomics (e.g. (Philipps-Universität Marburg) In addition, B. subtilis can effi- SDS PAGE gel electrophorese, +49 6421 2821529 ciently scavenge a wide variety Western blotting) and genome- [email protected] of preformed compatible solutes wide expression analyses studies from environmental sources. (microarrarys, PCR, RT-PCR, dot Thesis Description High salinity exerts pleiotropic blotting). The analyses aim at Liquid water is one of the most effects on the physiology of B. gathering sufficient molecular important prerequisites for life subtilis. Increases in salinity af- information to be able to put on Earth, and its search has fect the phospholipid composi- together an initial framework driven the exploration of Mars tion of the cytoplasmic mem- for dynamic modeling of spore for the past 30 years. Geomor- brane and the properties of the germination and outgrowth phological and mineralogical cell wall. behavior under salt stress. evidence supports the idea that In the context of planetary pro- liquid water was stable on the tection, bacterial spores have Martian surface in the past, but been identified as major candi- under current environmental dates of concern in the forward conditions liquid water is not stable on the surface at large scales. However, there are local processes that could allow for the occurrence of liquid water at smaller scales, at least transi- ently. False-color transmission electron NASA Phoenix lander site with Bacillus subtilis as a soil bacte- micrograph of a spore-forming B. layers of hydrated minerals (from: rium is subject to changes in the subtilis cell. NASA).

SpaceLife 22 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

or chronic diseases of the neu- We therefore intend to verify ro-musculo-skeletal system. and apply a Sensodrive-leg press Insofar, the foreseen projects as an upgrade and technologi- will aim at astronauts, ageing cal progress of the current fly- Space Physiology people and patients. Under wheel device. Robotic controlled consideration are special train- Sensodrives have originally been ing measurements and developed for ultra light weight nutraceuticals with a postulated robotic arms on the ISS. This Bone and muscle loss positive effect on muscle and/or novel technology combined in space bone mass and function. To with a leg press allows the ap- Microgravity is a challenging conduct research in this field on plication of various patterns of environment for the human Earth, methods using 6° head- force and velocity at any angle organism. In particular, the me- down tilt bed rest (HDTBR) as a of the hips, the knees, or the chanical loading of muscles and simulation model for muscle ankles during leg movement. bones in the back, the hip area, and bone unloading (immobili- During training the subject must and the legs is severely reduced zation) are utilized. not adapt to the physical prop- in microgravity compared to The adequate stimulus for mus- erties of the device, but like a earthbound conditions. This cle growth keeping or increas- physiotherapist the device with leads to sarcopenia and osteo- ing muscle trophy and strength its one intelligent robotic motor porosis. For long-term space- is a given by a combination of control also adapts to the needs flight, the deconditioning of the high intense muscle contraction of the subject. Time optimized musculo-skeletal system be- and passive stretches. These and variable training stimuli and longs to the most risky physio- stimuli are e.g. provided by protocols can be developed, logical changes observed in concentric-eccentric resistive that provide optimum intense response to microgravity. To exercise or by jumps and land- and maximum save stimuli for obtain health and effectiveness ings. Bone growth is locally all groups of leg muscles and of astronauts especially for triggered by strain and the best bones. The simulation of natu- planned long-duration space strain pattern in a bone is naturally earth bound situations like flights, it is mandatory to devel- rally generated by high intense hopping or trampoline jumping op efficient countermeasures. muscle work or by impacts like will potentially also keep up Current countermeasures are the heel impact on ground dur- motor control and balance. Lit- either less effective or too time- ing running. tle is known about the interrela- consuming for application dur- A most time efficient training of tions between muscle fatigue ing long-term mission. New all leg muscles is given by a leg and the growth stimulus of developments are mandatory in press like apparatus. In micro- training. The combination of the order to keep muscle and bone gravity, heavy weights cannot Sensodrive leg press and a low- function during the astronauts’ provide counter forces for mus- er body negative pressure de- long-term flight. However, the cle training. Existing, even new- vice will be built to study the observed changes are compara- ly developed training devices do effects of alterations in muscle ble to processes observed dur- not fulfill the required efficiency perfusion by gravity independ- ing ageing or in handicapped of a training method for micro- ent simulation of various levels people with inborn gravity. of orthostasis.

SpaceLife 23 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

Thesis Description The present project explores in In order to achieve these goals, which way vibration training it is planned to do an acute Space Physiology can lead to enhanced glucose study testing the effects of uptake of the muscle cells and if whole body vibration or muscle it has the potential to preserve electro-stimulation superposed Bone and muscle loss metabolic disorders induced by to resistive exercise on glycemic in space physical inactivity. We hypothe- control on a molecular basis and size that vibration training en- a long-term training study test- Topic of Doctoral Thesis hances the glucose transporter ing the potential of vibration 4 (GLUT-4) translocation via training to enhance insulin sen- Influence of vibration training neuronal mechanisms and im- sitivity. on glycemic control proves glucose uptake of the DLR Supervisor muscle cells leading to im- proved insulin sensitivity. Dr. Petra Frings-Meuthen +49 2203 601 3034 [email protected]

University Supervisor Prof. Dr. Jörn Rittweger (Universität zu Köln) +49 2203 601 3080 [email protected]

Vibration platform Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation muscle cell GALILEO, Novotec, Pforzheim

SpaceLife 24 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

The proposed work will inform Walking, running, and hopping us about joints kinematics and will be assessed, and hypogravi- kinetics involved in locomotion ty locomotion during parabolic under different gravitational flights will be compared to lo- Space Physiology conditions, e.g. on the Mars comotion under normogravity and on the Moon. conditions. The greatest part of In order to achieve these goals, the data shall be collected dur- it is planned to assess ground ing ground-based research, and Bone and muscle loss reaction forces, and whole-body it is envisaged to also collect in space kinetics and kinematics during data during parabolic flights parabolic flights with 0.38 g campaigns. Topic of Doctoral Thesis and also with 0.16 g. Kinematics and musculoskeletal loading under conditions of reduced gravity

DLR Supervisor The ‘en- Prof. Dr. med. Jörn Rittweger hanced +49 2203 601 3080 zero- [email protected] gravity loading University Supervisor system’ (eZLS) at Prof. Dr. Gert-Peter the Glenn Brüggemann (DSHS) Space +49 221 4982 5660 Center [email protected] (Cleveland, Ohio) Thesis Description The present project explores in which ways reductions in gravity affect human locomotion and the muscoloskeletal loading involved in it. We hypothesize that the relationship between gravity and musculoskeletal loading magnitude is essentially non-linear. Gangway set-up for the study of locomotion in parabolic flight.

SpaceLife 25

SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

The aim of this work is to create Thereby, the activated muscle- a model that can calculate the groups for certain activities can forces generated by predefined be determined, the occurring muscle groups in respect to a strain allotted to these and as a Space Physiology given bone deformation. To result a strain – activity – force – achieve this, the model will pattern is created. This data can make use of CT-data of the then be used for further re- bone, measured bone defor- search in the field of bone- Bone and muscle loss mation from an earlier on pro- remodelling. in space ject and combine these to an inverse dynamics simulation of Topic of Doctoral Thesis the lower limb. Calculating muscle forces in lower limb in relation to tibia deformation via inverse FE- modelling

DLR Supervisor Human Prof. Dr. med. Jörn Rittweger tibia; applied forc- +49 2203 601 3080 es lead to [email protected] a certain defor- University Supervisor mation Prof. Dr. Mikhail Itskov (RWTH (colour- Aachen) coded) [ANSYS] +49 241 80 96401 [email protected] Human Thesis Description gait; Muscle-force induced strains in showing a bone may be the key to bone- reduced remodelling. But since it proofs skeleton to be very difficult to measure (white) these forces directly in vivo, and the modelling has been the key to important muscles answers ever since. for this movement (red) [OpenSim]

SpaceLife 26 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

experiments and cardiovascular wave propagation model of model as blood pressure wave blood flow and pressure to sim- propagation model. The in vivo ulate the cardiovascular re- experiments will be performed sponse to the in vivo protocols Space Physiology using a tilt table and a Lower described above. Furthermore, a fitting process between in vivo Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) data and simulated data will facility at the DLR to generate a provide physiological parame- Cardiovascular effects step and linear increases in the ters describing the specific vaso- hydrostatic pressure. In a sec- constriction responses of the Topic of Doctoral Thesis ond stage, the response to rap- peripheral bed to the different A model based exploration of id transition from hypergravity hydrostatic loads. Combining the cardiovascular regulatory to microgravity will be assessed these three protocols will allow mechanism for the prevention during parabolic flight cam- us to differentiate responses to of orthostatic intolerance paign. Finally, quadratic in- abnormal hydrostatic loads (step creases in hydrostatic pressure and quadratic increases) from a DLR Supervisor will be generated with a Short linear gradient in hydrostatic pressure normally felt on earth. Dr. Carole Leguy Arm Human Centrifuge at the Space Physiology division. Ab- High resolution ultrasound im- +49 2203 601 2648 aging techniques will be used to normal hydrostatic loads (step [email protected] measure hemodynamic parame- and quadratic increases) from a ters of large vessels. The results University Supervisor linear gradient in hydrostatic of this project will bring new Prof. Dr. Jörn Rittweger pressure normally felt on Earth. insights into the response of the (Universität zu Köln) High resolution ultrasound im- cardiovascular system to chang- aging techniques will be used to +49 2203 601 3080 es in hydrostatic pressure which measure hemodynamic parame- [email protected] are essential to improve astro- ters of large vessels. naut's training programs and Thesis Description Concurrently, the theoretical resolve crucial issues in hypo- effects of hydrostatic pressure Orthostatic intolerance remains tension and peripheral vascular will be implemented in a 1D a problem upon return to Earth diseases. from the microgravity environment of spaceflight. To improve astronaut's countermeasure programs, a better understanding of the response of the cardiovascular system to changes in hydrostatic pressure is crucial. The objective of this project is to assess the regulatory mechanisms of the cardiovascular sys- Crew training during a simulated tem in response to hydrostatic landing phase of the ESA's Ultrasound Doppler measurement pressure by combining in vivo Mars500 experiment (ESA multi- of blood flow velocity in the com- media gallery, Mars500). mon carotid artery.

SpaceLife 27

SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

cardiovascular system. We LAHC. therefore aim to counteract Second, exercise tolerance and these constraints by application g-suit efficacy shall be tested on of anti-g suits, as for example the DLR SAHC, and in a third Space Physiology worn by pilots. study this approach shall be Three studies will be performed taken to an LAHC. within this project. Firstly, a The results of this study will Cardiovascular effects framework shall be established help to design an optimized to compare exercise tolerance at exercise regimen for Space and different g-levels on SAHC and Topic of Doctoral Thesis Earth. Cardiovascular limitations to resistive exercise tolerance during centrifugation in humans

DLR Supervisor Dr. Edwin Mulder +49 2203 601 3062 [email protected]

University Supervisor Prof. Dr. Jörn Rittweger (Universität zu Köln) +49 2203 601 3080 [email protected] Short arm human centrifuge (SAHC) at DLR, Cologne Thesis Description This project explores the cardiovascular limitations to resistive exercise that humans face during centrifugation, both on short-arm, as well as on-long arm human centrifuges (SAHC and LAHC, respectively). The underlying rationale for this proposal is to scrutinize resistive exercise in a hyper-gravity field as a training modality. However, it is anticipated that exercise tolerance will be hampered by the anatomical constraints of the human Illustration of the graded acceleration field in a SAHC.

SpaceLife 28 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

A short arm centrifuge on This work will provide in depth board the space ship is an op- investigation on possible use of tion for providing efficient an SAHC on a long-duration countermeasures. space flight and propose a Space Physiology powerful training program for that purpose.

Countermeasures

Topic of Doctoral Thesis Development of a countermeasure training program on a short arm human centrifuge

DLR Supervisor Dr. Uwe Mittag +49 2203 601 3108 [email protected]

University Supervisor Prof. Dr. Jörn Rittweger (Universität zu Köln) +49 2203 601 3080 Short Arm Human Centrifuge (SAHC) of the Institute of Aerospace Medi- [email protected] cine

Thesis Description During sojourns under microgravity, already of modest duration, measurable reduction of muscle and bone mass can be observed. For future long-duration missions to Mars with projected durations of distinctly more than one year we must expect severe complications.

6° head down tilt bed rest

SpaceLife 29 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

Furthermore, we are also con- Head-ward fluid shifts shall be sidering the ‘high-pressure’ induced by head-down tilt breathing technique used by (HDT), a recognized ground- many people during weight based model of simulated mi- Space Physiology lifting. The present project will crogravity. If opportune and investigate the effects of 1) possible, a study shall also be weight lifting, 2) high-pressure performed under real micro- breathing, and 3) acute and 4) gravity conditions during para- Brain and eye chronic head-ward fluid shift bolic flights. upon intra-cranial and intra- Topic of Doctoral Thesis ocular pressure. Intracranial and intra-ocular pressures during resistive exercise in combination with head- down tilt

DLR Supervisor NN

University Supervisor Prof. Dr. Jörn Rittweger (Universität zu Köln) +49 2203 601 3080 [email protected]

Thesis Description Astronaut using the advanced resistance exercise device (aRED) on board the international space station (ISS). It has recently become apparent that astronauts may have an elevated risk to develop eye problems during space flight. It is the central hypothesis of this project that microgravity- induced fluid-shifts and resistive exercise interact with each other to build up unduly high intracranial and intra-ocular pressures.

Astronaut on Earth (left) and while in Space (right), depicting the typical ‘puffy face’ that is seen in many, but probably not all astronauts.

SpaceLife 30 SpaceLife Scientific Program Doctoral Theses

processes of fatigue determined device allows an independent muscle endurance parameters. variation of muscle loading and However, the complex mecha- perfusion. In a long term study nisms of the interrelations be- subjects will perform an 8 Space Physiology tween muscle perfusion and the weeks long training a given processes of peripheral fatigue strength level and two different with the growth and differenti- levels of muscle blood perfu- ation stimuli of training are still sion. Before and after training Muscle loss in space under intensive research. In we will examine acute effects of conventional training these two perfusion on muscle perfor- Topic of Doctoral Thesis stimuli cannot be independently mance and hormonal growth Effects of alterations in muscle altered which hampers studies control and the long term train- blood supply and oxygenation on growth control and differen- ing effects on muscle perfor- at a given muscle loading on tiation in human muscle. The mance, fibre type composition, muscle growths and differentia- combination of a robotic con- and capillary density by means tion and on muscle capillary trolled leg press and a lower of non-invasive methods and density body negative pressure the analysis of blood and muscle biopsy samples. DLR Supervisor Priv.-Doz. Dr. Jochen Zange +49 2203 601 3456 [email protected] Robotic-controlled leg University Supervisor press (RBL) for free pro- grammable load profiles Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Bloch (DSHS) in a lower body negative +49 221 4982 5380 pressure chamber altering [email protected] blood supply in the legs

Thesis Description In microgravity the absence of energy androgens, hydrostatic pressure severely metabolism, glucocorticoids, mechano- electro- oxygen cytokines, etc. (rare) amino acids affects blood supply of leg mus- sensors mechanical supply insulin cles during training. These ef- (FAK, titin) coupling (AMPK, HIF) + fects may contribute to the reduced efficiency of training signal transduction and computing system controlling measures in space performed as transcription and translation countermeasures against mus- Simplified proteins overview of cle loss. It is generally assumed + mRNA factors con- that muscle contraction and IGF-I myostatine trolling the + passive stretching determine - satellite-cells growth and growth and strength whereas differentia- the IGF-I The mass and pattern of synthesized proteins determines tion of mus- repair, growth, and fibre type differentiation cle fibers

SpaceLife 31 Professional Train- ing Program Thesis Supervision

The three-year program reflects The TAC consists of three faculty Following the submission of a the increasing importance of members: project proposal after one interdisciplinarity in life science First and second Supervisors are month, and an initial report research and provides compre- chosen on the basis of their re- meeting after 3 to 6 months, hensive training for scientific, search specialty in order to pro- TAC meetings are scheduled on methodological and transfera- vide as far as possible the com- an annual basis. TAC meetings ble skills. plete scientific expertise required include a written report and an The program will provide train- to realize the proposed thesis oral presentation which covers ing and translational research project. the theoretical background, towards a career in life sciences The DLR Supervisor is a scientist research progress, results ob- and space research. It consists at the Institute of Aerospace tained so far and experiments to of a three-year research project Medicine working at the labora- be done in the future. as well as introductory and ad- tory where the research is being The Initial Report focuses on the vanced lectures, student work- performed. detailed outline of the thesis shops, journal clubs, the active At least one member of each project and planning for future attendance of congresses, par- TAC must be a university profes- experiments. ticipation in laboratory and sor. The 3rd Annual Report meeting transferable skill courses. The Mentor is a scientist from a defines the work to be done Thesis supervision different scientific field and gives prior to writing and submitting general advise to the doctoral the thesis, and the time frame Expert supervision throughout for obtaining the doctorate. the research activities leading student, e.g. for career planning. TAC meetings can be integrated towards a doctoral degree The TAC will help to design and in the Students’ Workshop or within three years is regarded monitor the trainee’s thesis work organized separately. of the utmost importance. In and will help the trainee to es- addition to the day-to-day su- tablish contacts inside and out- pervision, each doctoral student side the institution. has a Thesis Advisory Commit- tee (TAC). The main task of the TAC is to guide the doctoral students throughout their thesis work and to monitor and eval- uate the progress of the research project and the individual development of the doctoral student.

SpaceLife 32 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

The three-year doctoral pro- Doctoral students will familiarize gram is divided into six semes- Students’ Workshop with critical reading, prepara- st ters (half-years). In addition to In the 1 semester, each student tion of manuscripts and scien- the laboratory-based experi- is given a valuable opportunity tific figures, and designing of a mental thesis work, doctoral to present his/her research pro- doctoral thesis and a research students participate in a struc- ject including the hypothesis, proposal in the Journal Clubs. tured training program, which methods to be applied and the th consists of 303 hours of practi- work schedule. During the 4 Internal Seminars cal courses, workshops, lec- Semester, students are once Doctoral students participate at tures, seminars, and journal again given the opportunity to the Internal Seminars organized clubs. present the current findings of by the Institute of Aerospace The curriculum of training is their research projects in front Medicine. International re- composed of mandatory and of the class and TAC, giving the nowned scientists are invited to elective modules: student valuable feedback on present their scientific work in how they are progressing. This Cologne. At least once during Introductory Lectures dur- enables the student not only to the doctoral thesis work, each ing the 1st and 2nd semester develop his/her presentation doctoral student will have the (mandatory) skills but to critically analyze opportunity to present the own Advanced Lectures during their own findings and those of scientific work to a large audi- rd the 3 semester (elective) others. During the last term, the ence. Students’ Workshop during students present the final report st th th the 1 , 4 and 6 semester on their thesis. Conferences/Symposia (mandatory) Participation in national as well Seminars, Workshops and Journal Clubs as international conferences will Experimental Courses (elec- Journal Clubs are held during be encouraged. The trainee will tive, 40 h during the pro- the second, third, fifth and sixth have to present her/his work at gram) semester in the working groups least during one conference Journal Club during the 2nd, of the Institute of Aerospace either by a poster or an oral 3rd, 5th and 6th semester Medicine and the Partner Uni- presentation, which will be fi- (mandatory) versities. They offer the oppor- nancially supported. tunity to read papers together 2 ½ days soft skill training and to discuss them with mem- per year (mandatory) bers of the working group. Each Additional soft skill training student is required to present based on individual needs an original paper and review. (DLR education program), The topic of the original paper e.g. project management is always related to the general (optional) field of the student’s research Active participation in a project, requiring the student to Workshop or Conference research and subsequently pre- (mandatory) sent the topic in a succinct and Internal Seminars (optional) critical way.

SpaceLife 33 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

basis, especially if in a specialized laboratory to Career Day the graduate training is con- complement her/his skills or to During the third year of the pro- ducted in a research area dif- carry out work that cannot be gram, the doctoral students ferent from the undergraduate done within the partnering attend or organize and chair a studies institutions. This might also be Career Day, for example during the thesis work is interdiscipli- abroad. The trainees can apply a conference organized by nary for support through SpaceLife. members of the Institute of Aer- ospace Medicine, during which the thesis requires methods Final examination invited speakers from academia, which are not established in The doctoral examination can industry, scientific journals and the hosting lab. comprise a public presentation funding bodies present career External work of of the trainee in which she/he paths to the students. trainees will present the results of her/his doctoral work which will Optional lab rotations If appropriate, the trainees will subsequently be discussed with Optional lab rotations will be have the opportunity of a short- the auditorium, depending on encouraged on an individual term stay in a partner institute or the regulations of the universi- organization, in industry, or ty.

Overview of the SpaceLife curriculum

SpaceLife 34 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Introductory Lectures Space Medicine Radiation Biology As the doctoral program is open Semester Semester to candidates from diverse 1st 1st backgrounds, the 1st semester, as well as part of the 2nd, con- Duration Duration centrates on the basics of Space 6 h 6 h Life Sciences. Doctoral students Subjects Subjects participate in a mandatory lec- History of Space Medicine, At- Interplanetary radiation field ture covering the topics space mosphere, Radiation, Space (Heber) medicine, radiobiology, astrobi- Weather Radiation Environments on ology and gravitational biology. Space Transport Systems, Space Planets & other Celestial Bodies The lectures introduce the space Station (Wimmer-Schweingruber) life sciences research program Human Physiology in Space I: Earth Radiation Environment and the theoretical background Short an mid-term adaptation and Space Radiation - Quanti- of the topic and provide the ties and Measurements (Berger) scientific background of the Human Physiology in Space II: applied methods. The learning Long-term adaptation, Coun- Radiation Exposure during success is controlled by a writ- termeasure Development Space Missions (Reitz, Berger) ten exam. Astronaut Selection, Training, Biological Effects of Space Radi- Work Schedule in Space, EVA, ation (Hellweg), Acute & Chron- Medical Problems ic Radiation Effects in Humans Space Life Sciences Future Plans for Human Space- (Baumstark-Khan) Semester flight Learning Objectives 1st (Gerzer) Overview of the space radiation Duration Learning Objectives environment, with emphasis on 2 h Basic Information on Space energetic particle environment in interplanetary space & plane- Subjects Physiology and Medicine - medical problems during short-term tary magnetospheres; Introduc- Introduction to Space Life Sci- and long-term manned space tion to dose quantities for radia- ences (Gerzer, Anken) missions and their solutions tion protection in space, com- Space Life Sciences Research available currently. prehensive survey of space radi- Program (Hemmersbach, Ruy- ation measurements with view ters) Prerequisites for the Course to future human mission to Participation in SpaceLife Learning Objectives Mars, radiation exposure during space missions & biological risks Getting a glimpse of the fasci- for humans. nation of human spaceflight and the unsolved questions for Prerequisites for the Course long-term manned missions None

SpaceLife 35 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Introductory Lectures

Astrobiology Gravitational Biology Semester Learning Objectives (contin- Semester 2nd ued) 2nd Duration ad 3. Understanding the adap- Duration tation of specialized extremo- 6 h 6 h philes to high and low tempera- Subjects tures, to high salinity, to high Subjects 1. Steps to Life (Horneck) pressure, to low water activity. Theoretical Background in Grav- 2. History of Life on Earth (Rab- ad 4. Understanding the pre- itational Biology: bow) requisites of habitability, the 1. Methods on ground and in 3. Life under Extreme Condi- habitable zone of our solar sys- space (flight opportunities) tions (Huber) tem; learning astrobiological 2. Graviperzeption in unicellular 4. Looking for Life, Searching aspects of Mars, its history of systems the Inner Solar System water, results from past and 3. Gravity related signal trans- (Rettberg) ongoing missions to Mars, duction pathways planned missions to Mars. 5. Interplanetary Transfer of Life 4. Graviperception in multicellu- (Panitz) ad 5. Learning the hypothesis of lar systems (plants, animals) "Panspermia" and "Litho- 6. Astrobiological Space Exper- 5. Life Support Systems, Explo- iments - Past and Present (Rab- panspermia", experimental tests ration of those and conclusions from bow) the results. Learning Objectives Learning Objectives ad 6. Knowing the ongoing and Fundamental aspects and exper- ad 1. Understanding the defini- planned astrobiological space imental approaches in gravita- tions of life, definition and aim experiments tional biology. of astrobiology, formation of Prerequisites for the Course Prerequisites for the Course the precursors of life (atoms, None molecules of life), how and Basic knowledge in natural sci- where. ences, i.e. physics, chemistry, biology ad 2. Learning the records of life, the sources of prebiotic organic molecules, the fossil records, the molecular biology record; understanding general strategies of life for adaptation to extreme environments, metabolism, growth & survival.

SpaceLife 36 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Advanced Lectures Space Physiology rd During the 3 semester, doctor- Semester Learning Objectives al students participate in an 3rd Detailed Insight into Space Phys- advanced lecture in a topic of iology, including ground based their interest. They elect at least Duration 10 h research, space analogs (bed one advanced lecture from one rest etc.), and development of of the following topics: Subjects countermeasures. Refreshing of Space Physiology Cardiovascular System, Fluid & knowledge from introductory Radiation Biology Salt balance (Guest Speaker) course. Gravitational Biology Skeletal System & Muscles Prerequisites for the Course (Zange) Astrobiology Introductory Lectures Aerospace Dosimetry Neurosensory & Vestibular Sys- "Space Life Sciences", Extraterrestrial Physics tem (Balance & Motion Sick- "Space Medicine" ness) (Guest speaker) The Interplanetary Medium Immunological & Hormonal

Response (Guest speaker) Medical Research aboard the ISS (Ruyters) Current Countermeasure De- velopments (Zange) Psycho-Sociological Aspects (Johannes) Human Health Concerns for Lunar & Martian Exploration (Gerzer)

SpaceLife 37 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Advanced Lectures Subjects (continued) Subjects (continued) Characteristics of cell survival gastrointestinal and hematopoi- curves - interpretive models etic syndromes; Mean lethal Radiation Biology based on target theory or repair doses; Treatments for whole theory; Radiosensitivity of vari- body exposure. (Baumstark- Semester ous tissues. Role of oxygen in Khan) rd 3 modifying the chemistry of ra- Lessons from Hiroshima, Naga- Duration diation damage and cellular saki and Chernobyl: Acute & 15 h radio sensitivity; Mammalian cell chronic health effects on those radio sensitivity: Interphase, exposed; Assessment of expo- Subjects reproductive and apoptotic cell sure doses; Assessment of pre- Natural and man-made sources death; Cellular factors that sent day risks, & radiation pro- of radiation; Types of ionizing modify radiation response: The tection standards (Baumstark- radiation; Radiation interaction role of the cell cycle in influenc- Khan) with matter; Radiation quanti- ing radiation response (Baum- Learning Objectives ties, Physics of radiation absorp- stark-Khan) The course RADIATION BIOLO- tion; Radiation dosimetry and Use of radiation for cancer GY will focus on the biological dosimeters (Berger) therapy: Deficient vascularisa- changes which follow the inter- Interactions of radiation with tion, high interstitial pressure action of ionizing and non- matter: Chemistry of radiation and hypoxia in solid tumors; ionizing radiation with living absorption in solutions & living Significance of tumor physiolo- matter from molecular interac- systems. Radiation protectors: gy for radiation treatment; Tu- tions to whole body responses. Chemistry of radiation scaveng- mor regrowth and tumor cure Particular emphasis will be ing (Baumstark-Khan) assays. (Baumstark-Khan) placed on the role of ionizing DNA damage: DNA as the prin- Low dose effects on humans: radiation in the treatment of ciple target of radiation killing; The mechanisms of radiation- cancer, mechanisms of radia- Single and double strand DNA induced mutagenesis and car- tion-induced carcinogenesis, breaks; Mechanisms of DNA cinogenesis; Oncogenes and and changes in normal and tu- repair (Hellweg); Chromosomal suppressor genes; Susceptibility mor cells at the molecular, cellu- aberrations & their use as 'radi- of various organs; Risks of de- lar and tissue level. The course ation dosimeters' (Baumstark- veloping cancers from present- includes the biological aspects Khan) day sources; The hereditary ef- of environmental radiation ex- Cytosol and radiation response: fects of radiation; Effects on the posure. Mechanisms of signal transduc- embryo and fetus (Baumstark- tion from the cytosol to the Khan) Prerequisites for the Course nucleus, or vice versa, factors Whole body irradiation - acute Introductory Lecture influencing radiation response effects of high doses: Prodromal "Radiation Biology" of mammalian cells; Important syndromes; Cerebro-vascular, gene products (Hellweg)

SpaceLife 38 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Advanced Lectures

Gravitational Biology Astrobiology Semester Semester Learning Objectives (contin- 3rd 3rd ued) Duration Duration ad 3. Understanding the aim of PP, learning the regulations and 4 x 1,5 h 6 x 1 h related methods, their ad- Subjects Subjects vantages and disadvantage. 1. Gravity Effects on Cells 1. Bacillus subtilis - a Model ad 4. Understanding the spe- 2. Gravity Effects on Animals Organism for Space Research cialization of extremophiles 3. Space Biological Experiment (Möller) drawing the example of hyper- Design. Graviperception in Uni- 2. Pitfalls of Detecting Life thermophiles: metabolism, ad- cellular Systems (Rabbow) aptation strategies 4. Graviperception in Multicellu- 3. Planetary Protection ad 5. Knowing the robotic lar Systems (Plants, Animals) (Rettberg) space missions connected to 5. Life Support Systems, Explo- 4. Hyperthermophile Archaea Astrobiology, past, present and ration tbc (Huber) future, understanding their rationale Learning Objectives 5. Robotic Solar System Explora- tion - Europa, Titan, Enceladus ad 6. Understanding the com- Enhanced aspects and experi- (Panitz) plexity and constrains of human mental approaches in gravita- missions in general and to Mars tional biology; dedicated exam- 6. Human Missions (Horneck tbc) in particular, their opportunities ples from experiments under and the consequences for the altered space conditions Learning Objectives target planet ad 1. Understanding the micro- Prerequisites for the Course Prerequisites for the Course Introductory Lecture organisms B. subtilis, spore Introductory Lecture "Gravitational Biology" formation, adaptation strategies to extreme environmental con- "Astrobiology" ditions, knowing space experiments with B. subtilis, understanding results. ad 2. Understanding the obstacles for detecting life, implications for past and present experiments for detecting life.

SpaceLife 39 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Advanced Lectures The Interplanetary Medium (CAU Kiel) Semester Aerospace Dosimetry Extraterrestrial Physics 2nd or 4th or 6th (CAU Kiel 060374) (CAU Kiel 060346) Duration Semester Semester 30 h 3rd or 5th 1st or 3rd Subjects Duration Duration The interplanetary medium (He- 30 h 30 h liosphere) fills the space be- Subjects Subjects tween the planets. It has its Radiation environment, includ- The course gives a solid intro- origin in the solar wind emanat- ing the origin and composition duction to the Earth’s space ing from the Sun and interact- of primary particles, interaction environment starting with the ing with the interstellar medi- of these primaries with matter atmosphere, ionosphere, mag- um. Several properties of the (e.g. ionization, electromagnetic netosphere, and continuing interplanetary medium are im- and hadronic interactions, sec- with the origin of the solar portant for our understanding ondary particle production) wind, its interaction with plane- of radiation exposure of astronauts and, in some cases, of Methods for measurements tary bodies and the overall aircraft crews. The interplane- Characterization and analysis of structure of the heliosphere. tary medium and its boundary radiation in space (Heber, Wimmer- region with the interstellar me- Schweingruber) Physical and medical parameters dium modulate galactic cosmic in dosimetry like LET; dose; ef- Learning Objectives rays; it is also the medium fective dose and quality factor Understanding of the Earth’s through which solar energetic (Heber) space environment particles propagate (Heber, Learning Objectives Understanding of particle prop- Wimmer-Schweingruber) The students learn the basic agation and acceleration Learning Objectives principles and applications of Prerequisites for the Course Understanding of the large- experimental measurements Introductory Lecture scale structure & origins of the and interaction of radiation "Radiation Biology" heliosphere; Capability to inter- with matter as well as proper- pret real-time space weather ties of different radiation envi- data & knowledge of data ronments important to humans sources in space Prerequisites for the Course Prerequisites for the Course Introductory Lecture Introductory Lecture "Radiation Biology" "Radiation Biology"

SpaceLife 40

SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Seminars, Workshops Seminars and Experimental Courses Elective Seminars, Workshops Structure and function Gravitational Biology and Experimental Courses are of adaptation (RFWU Bonn) offered in the first, third and processes; Perfor- Semester fifth semester of the program. nd rd During the three year period, mance and ageing; 2 or 3 Doctoral students should partic- Performance diagnos- Duration ipate in 30 hours of electives tics (DSHS Köln) 15 h courses. The participation in each course must be discussed Semester Subjects with the primary Supervisor. 2nd or 4th or 6th Enhanced Background in Gravi- The workshop “Biomathemat- Duration tational Biology: ics” combines lectures and ex- 15 x 1 h 1. Methods on ground and in ercises, and provides skills to- space (flight opportunities) Subjects wards the quantitative analysis 2. Gravipeception in unicellular of experimental data and exper- General physiological mecha- systems nisms of adaptation iment configuration and study 3. Graviperception in multicellu- design. Experimental Courses Definition of metabolic and lar systems (plants, animals) cover different methods in mechanical stimuli between 5. Life Support Systems, Explo- space life science research. A micro- and ultra-loading ration series of laboratory courses that Biological response to stimuli at (Hemmersbach, Braun) have already been installed by organ- and cell-level the partner institutions will offer Learning Objectives the trainees a special training in Age depending adaptation Enhanced aspects and experi- specific areas including labora- Empirical approaches to adapta- mental approaches in gravita- tory as well as theoretical work tion (time course) tional biology; dedicated exam- (Mester) ples from experiments under Learning Objectives altered space conditions Establish an understanding of Prerequisites for the Course adaptation between stimulus None and molecular mechanisms Tuning of stimuli under various conditions (from microgravity to bedrest to ultrahigh loads) Prerequisites for the Course Introductory Lecture "Space Medicine"

SpaceLife 41 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Seminars

Heliospherical Astro- Current Topics in particle Physics & Space Physics

Dosimetry (CAU Kiel) (CAU Kiel) Semester Learning Objectives Semester 3rd or 5th Students learn how to work out 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th and present fundamental and Duration Duration recent research topics in helio- 30 h spheric astroparticle physics, 30 h Subjects with emphasis on acceleration Subjects During the seminar student will and transport of energetic par- The students read and present present recent research in the ticles and galactic cosmic rays in two papers from the recent following topics: Structure of the heliosphere, planetary mag- space physics literature. During the heliosphere, planetary magneto- and atmospheres, as well the course of the seminar, a neto- and atmospheres; pro- as basic principles and methods broad range of current space cesses and stability. The compo- in space dosimetry. physics is covered. Thus, the sition, acceleration and propa- Prerequisites for the Course students are exposed to current gation of charged particles in Introductory Lectures problems in the subject as well magnetized plasmas including "Radiation Biology" as a real-life presentation at- scattering, drifts, magneto- mosphere (Heber, Wimmer- spheric transmission and sec- Aerospace Dosimetry (CAU Kiel Schweingruber). ondary particle production in 060374) or Learning Objectives matter; dependence on solar The Interplanetary Medium or Presentation skills activity. Spectral measurements Extraterrestrial Physics (CAU Kiel of particle radiation and stand- 060346) Use of presentation software ards for space dosimetry meas- Overview of current topics in urements (e.g. LET, (effective) space physics dose). Prerequisites for the Course (Heber, Wimmer- Introductory Lecture Schweingruber) "Radiation Biology"

Extraterrestrial Physics (CAU Kiel 060346)

SpaceLife 42 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Workshop

Biomathematics (Universität zu Köln) Semester 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th Duration 30 h Subjects Theory of Probabilities Descriptive and Inferring Statis- tics Confidence Intervals Significance Tests Non-parametric Tests Correlation, Regression Epidemiology Clinical Study and Experimental Design Variance Analysis, Crossover (Lehmacher). Learning Objectives Acquire statistical tools for data interpretation in doctoral thesis Prerequisites for the Course None

SpaceLife 43 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Practical Training

Microgravity Simula- Microscopic and Cell Culture tion and Hyper-g Analytic Techniques Techniques Stimulation Semester Semester Semester 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th Duration Duration Duration 10 h 10 h 10 h Subjects Subjects Subjects Light Microscopy, Phase Con- Preparation of Buffer and Media Types of Clinostats trast Microscopy (Baumstark- Sterile Working Techniques Centrifuges Khan) Routine Culturing (Medium Experiment Preparation and Fluorescence Microscopy (Hell- Change, Passages, Phase Con- Implementation (Hemmersbach, weg) trast Microscopy, Freezing and Ivanova) Digital Photography and Image Thawing of Cells, Counting of Analysis (Axiovision) (Hellweg) Cells) Learning Objectives Confocal Microscopy (Hem- Preparation of Cells for Experi- Overview of Altered Gravity mersbach) ments Experimental Methods (for Be- Mycoplasma Detection ginners) Learning Objectives Genetically Altered Cell Lines Safe and Efficient Working with Safe and Efficient Working with (Baumstark-Khan, Hellweg) the Microgravity Simulation und the Microscopes at the Institute Centrifuges Facilities at the Insti- of Aerospace Medicine for Doc- Learning Objectives tute of Aerospace Medicine (for umentation and Analysis of Safe and Efficient Working with Advanced Students) Living or Fixed Cells with or Cell Cultures without Contami- without Immunochemical or Prerequisites for the Course nations Immunofluorescent Staining For Beginners: None Working with Genetically Al- Prerequisites for the Course tered Organisms According to For Advanced Students (Plan- German Laws ning to use the Experimental Basic Microscopy Experience Facilities in their Thesis): Prerequisites for the Course Knowledge About Mammalian Basic Laboratory Experience Cells and Cell Culture Tech- niques

SpaceLife 44 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Practical Training

Flow Cytometry Thermoluminescence Semester Dosimetry and Nuclear 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th Track Etch Detectors Duration Semester Learning Objectives 10 h 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th The course focuses on the principle of passive radiation dosim- Subjects Duration etry, introduces thermolumines- Parameters, Probes and Labels 10 h cence and nuclear track etch (Hellweg) Subjects detectors, gives an overview of their application for space radia- Data Analysis (Hellweg) Introduction to passive radiation tion dosimetry and will enable Troubleshooting (Hellweg) detectors the students to work on labora- DNA Content / Cell Cycle Anal- Thermoluminescence detectors tory data evaluation systems, ysis (Baumstark-Khan) - Principles and Data evaluation including evaluation of detec- Reporter Protein Analysis (Hell- procedures tors exposed in space. weg) Nuclear Track Etch Detectors - Prerequisites for the Course Antibody Staining: Cell Surface Principles and Data evaluation and Intracellular Antigens (Lau) procedures Introductory Lectures "Radiation Biology" Learning Objectives Thermoluminescence detectors for space applications - practical Safe and Efficient Working with examples of detector evaluation the Fluorescent Activated Cell based on experiments per- Scanner (FACScan) at the Insti- formed in space and at heavy tute of Aerospace Medicine for ion medical accelerators. Analysis of Mammalian Cells Nuclear Track Etch Detectors - Prerequisites for the Course practical examples of detector Basic Knowledge of the evaluation based on experi- Principles of Flow Cytometry ments performed in space and at heavy ion medical accelerators (Berger)

SpaceLife 45 SpaceLife Professional Training Program Curriculum

Practical Training Research in Non-invasive & Extraterrestrial Physics Practical Exercises in Invasive Methods in Semester Instrument Physiology 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th Development Semester Duration Semester 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th or 6th 30 h 2nd, 4th, or 6th Duration Subjects Duration 10 h Methods for the characteriza- 30 h tion and analysis of radiation in Subjects space: Basic principles of the Subjects Muscle: Performance tests, MRI measurements by particle detec- The course begins with a sum- and ultrasound, EMG, MRS, tors using different methods mary of nuclear physics & elec- blood parameter and microdial- (e.g. dEx/dx-E-method, dE/dx- tronics which is required to un- ysis, taking, conserving and dE/dx-method, dE/dx-v-method) derstand the operating princi- analysing biopsies including the determination of ples of particle or radiation de- Cardio-vascular system: Test important radiation parameters tection instruments. Various scenarios: tilt table, LBNP, er- & variation of these parameters types of detection techniques gometer, centrifuge; measure- with the solar cycle and the are introduced, as are relevant ments: ECG, porta press, im- position in space (Heber, Wim- electronics concepts such as pedance, rebreathing (Zange) mer-Schweingruber, Boettcher) pulse shaping etc. Additional Learning Objectives topics are Monte-Carlo & other Learning Objectives numerical techniques (Wimmer- Measurement of physical and Basic principles & applications Schweingruber, Boettcher, and chemical parameters and their of experimental & analysis Steigies). validity in interpretation as methods for characterization of physiological variables the radiation and its modulation Learning Objectives in the heliosphere, planetary Understanding of the underly- Statistical reliability of measure magnetosphere and atmos- ing nuclear physics and relevant outcomes pheres. electronics Phenomena and their precise Knowledge of key detection recording in quantity and time Prerequisites for the Course technologies course. Introductory Lectures Capability to interpret “raw” How to analyze the mechanism "Radiation Biology" radiation measurements behind a phenomenon? “Aerospace Dosimetry” or “The Interplanetary Medium” or “Ex- Prerequisites for the Course Prerequisites for the Course traterrestrial Physics” Introductory Lectures "Radiation Lectures “Space Medicine” and Biology", Introductory Physics & “Space Physiology” Electronics Classes

SpaceLife 46 SpaceLife Management Structure

The Spokesperson of SpaceLife SpaceLife (applicants’ selection, The thesis Supervisors at the is PD Dr. C. Hellweg, head of curriculum, evaluation, public DLR and the partner universities the radiation biology depart- relations). and scientists who conduct ment at the Institue of Aero- The Secretary, Mrs. Claudia courses in the Research School space Medicine. The former Schmitz assists the coordinator form the SpaceLife Faculty. All spokesperson, Prof. Dr. R. in all administrative processes of faculty members are invited for Gerzer, dis now Honor Spokes- SpaceLife, including setup of the a kick-off meeting before start person (Figure). Research School webpage, or- of the Research School and for The Coordinator Dr. L.F. Spitta, ganization of the curriculum, subsequent annual meetings. scientist in the Radiobiology and support for the doctoral department of the Institute, students (visa application, living coordinates the activities of space).

Management structure of SpaceLife (April 2016). Associated Partners are not shown.

SpaceLife 47

SpaceLife Management Structure

During the kick-off meeting in The TAC will be formed as de- SpaceLife can make use of the 2009, a Faculty Panel of six scribed above. The doctoral infrastructure of the Institute of members was elected, and the students invite the TAC for their Aerospace Medicine, including curriculum of SpaceLife was thesis presentations in the Stu- the laboratories and meeting determined. The Faculty Panel dents’ Workshop (1st, 4th and 6th rooms of different sizes for the forms the Selection Commit- semester) and arrange an inde- lectures and workshops. The tee during the interview week pendent meeting with the TAC internal communication is facili- and assists the Spokesperson during the first month of the tated by means of an extranet and the Coordinator in the se- thesis to discuss the subject and teamsite accessible to all lection process. approach. members of SpaceLife, which is The doctoral candidates in The doctoral students elect a operated by the Coordinator SpaceLife will have an employ- Doctoral Spokesperson dur- and the Secretary. The lectures ment or scholarship contract ing the first Students’ Work- and workshops will be transmit- with the partner universities or shop. The Doctoral Spokesper- ted online to the partners in a SpaceLife scholarship contract son participates in meetings of Regensburg, Kiel and Magde- with the DLR. The Doctoral the Faculty Panel or the full burg, using teleconference tools Candidates will enroll at the SpaceLife Faculty. In conflict (webcam, microphone and respective university and apply situations, the Mentor and the loudspeaker). for admission to doctoral stud- Doctoral Spokesperson develop Doctoral students from the uni- ies. The doctoral candidate a solution together with the versities of Bonn and Cologne writes together with the super- doctoral student and the Super- can attend the courses person- visors a synopsis of the doctoral visors. ally. thesis containing the name of SpaceLife will be evaluated by the student, the names and questionnaires to the doctoral institutions of the Supervisors students, the Supervisors and and of the Mentor, title and the lecturers. Results of the description of the thesis, start of evaluation will be discussed in the thesis, and a work plan in- SpaceLife Faculty meetings and cluding milestones, risk assess- the curriculum will be adapted ment and alternatives. The ap- accordingly. proval of the University Supervi- sor to accept the candidate as doctoral student will be for- warded to the SpaceLife Coor- dinator.

SpaceLife 48

Members

Deutsches Zentrum für Christian-Albrechts- Rheinisch-Westfälische Luft- und Raumfahrt Universität (CAU) zu Technische Hochschule Institut für Luft- und Kiel (RWTH) Aachen Raumfahrtmedizin Institut für Experimentelle Institut für Flugmedizin, Strahlenbiologie und Angewandte Physik Zentrum für Medizin & Mobi- lität Prof. Dr. Christa Baumstark- Extraterrestrische Physik Dr. rer. nat. Corinna Panitz Khan Prof. Robert F. Wimmer-

Dr. Thomas Berger Schweingruber PD Dr. Christine Hellweg Dr. Jan Köhler Rheinische Friedrich- Dr. Patrick Lau Heliosphärische Astroteil- Wilhelms-Universität Dr. Ralf Möller chenphysik Bonn Dr. Elke Rabbow Prof. Bernd Heber Life & Medical Sciences Dr. Petra Rettberg Dr. Andreas Klassen (LIMES) Institute Dr. Günther Reitz Prof. Dr. Waldemar Kolanus Universität Regens- Dr. Luis Spitta Institut für Molekulare burg Weltraumphysiologie Physiologie und Biotech- Prof. Jörn Rittweger Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiolo- nologie der Pflanzen (IM- PD Dr. Jochen Zange gie und Archaeenzentrum BIO) Dr. Carole Leguy Dr. Harald Huber Gravitationsbiologie Dr. Edwin Mulder Prof. Dr. Reinhard Rachel PD Dr. Markus Braun Prof. Dr. Michael Thomm Dr. Uwe Mittag Prof. Dr. Reinhard Wirth Dr. Krassimira Ivanova Otto-von-Guericke-

Dr. Petra Frings-Meuthen Universität Magdeburg Deutsche Dr. Luis Beck Fakultät für Maschinenbau Dr. Bergita Ganse Sporthochschule (DSHS), Köln Institut für Maschinenkon- Biomedizinische Forschung struktion Prof. Dr. Ralf H. Anken Institute for Training Science Prof. Dr. Dr. Oliver Ullrich and Sports Informatics PD Dr. Ruth Hemmersbach Dr. Jens Hauslage Prof. Dr. paed. Dr. h.c. mult. Joachim Mester Freie Universität Berlin

Institute for Circulation Re- Charité Universitäts- search and Sports Medicine medizin Berlin Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Bloch Zentrum für Weltraum- Institute for Biomechanics medizin and Orthopedics Prof. Dr. Hanns-Christian Gunga Prof. Dr. Gert-P. Brüggemann

SpaceLife 49 SpaceLife Members Institute for Aero- space Medicine Furthermore, from a medical instruments for the selection point of view the development procedure are another main of countermeasures to protect task of the Institute. Finally, we humans from the effects of also deal with the problem of weightlessness, like the loss of adaptation of life to extreme bone and muscle mass is one of environments and take part in our main tasks to enable long- projects that are concerned with Within the German Aerospace term stays of humans in space the search for life in space. Center (Deutsches Zentrum für for example. Just opposite to the building Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., DLR), At the same time, when con- shown below, a new research the Institute of Aerospace Medi- ducting research under micro- facility called :envihab is current- cine is the only research institu- gravity conditions basic func- ly constructed. It is a new tion that primarily deals with life tions of the human body are modularly designed analogue science problems concerning examined by eliminating the research facility for large-scale traffic, aviation, and space interfering influence of gravity complex medical, physiological, flight. in a system-physiological ap- psychological, biological re- The Institute's research activities proach. search and technology devel- are focused on the central task In the field of psychology the opmental campaigns. of providing for the health and selection of qualified personnel performance of the persons (pilots, astronauts, air traffic involved (pilot, crew, passenger, controllers) and the develop- astronaut, motorist, resident ment of suitable scientific etc.).

Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany

SpaceLife 50 SpaceLife Members Partner Universities

Since many years, a main focus at the Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO) at the Uni- versity of Bonn, Germany, is gravitational biology. A main focus of the SpaceLife partners at the Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) institute is immunology. The Institute for Experimental and Applied Physics at the CAU in Kiel has a long-lasting experience in extraterrestrial physics and heliospherical astroparticle physics. Institute for Biomechanics and Orthopedics

Institute for Circulation Research and Sports Medicine The Institute for Training Science and Sports Informatics of the DSHS Köln, Germany, contributes excellent expertise in the development and evaluation of efficient countermeasures to muscle and bone degradation during space missions. The DSHS Institute for Circulation Research and Sports Medicine is specialized in anatomy, especially vascular and muscle anatomy, and in molecular changes in blood vessels and muscle. The DSHS Institute for Biomechanics and Orthopedics has long-lasting experience in the two fields mentioned in its name. The Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany, contributes excellent expertise in space biotechnology.

Expertise in Astrobiology is contributed by the Institute of Aer- ospace Medicine at the RWTH Aachen.

The Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie and the Archaea Centre of the University of Regensburg stand for excellent expertise in iso- lating, growing and characterizing extremophilic Bacteria and Archaea into the Astrobiology field of SpaceLife.

The Center for Space Medicine Berlin (ZWMB) at the Charité- University Clinics in Berlin, Germany, investigates the anatomical, physiological and psychological adaptation of humans to microgravity.

SpaceLife 51 SpaceLife Members National Associated Partners Prof. Dr. Jürgen Dohmen PD Dr. med. Detlef Moka University of Cologne Klinik und Poliklinik für Institute for Genetics Nuklearmedizin der Universität Zülpicherstr. 47 zu Köln 50674 Köln Kerpener Str. 62 Germany 50937 Köln Germany Prof. Dr. Reinhard Hilbig Universität Hohenheim Institut für Zoologie (220) Garbenstr. 30 – BIO II 70599 Stuttgart Germany

Prof. Matthias Kassack Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Germany

PD Dr. Christian Laforsch Department of Biology II LMU Munich Großhadernerstr. 2 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany

Priv.-Doz. Dr. Michael Lebert Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Institut für Botanik und Pharma- zeutische Biologie Lehrstuhl für Botanik I Staudtstr. 5 91058 Erlangen Germany

SpaceLife 52 SpaceLife Members National Associated Partners PD Dr. Franz Rödel Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Onkologie Strahlenbiologie Universitätsklinikum Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 60590 Frankfurt Germany

Prof. Michael F.G. Schmidt Prof. Leo Brunnberg Institut für Immunologie und Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin Molekularbiologie Klinik und Poliklinik für kleine Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin Haustiere (WE20) FU Berlin FU Berlin Luisenstraße 56 Oertzenweg 19b

10117 Berlin 14163 Berlin Germany Germany

Prof. Dr. Edda Tobiasch Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences Department of Natural Sciences Genetic Engineering and Cell Culture Von-Liebig-Straße 20 53359 Rheinbach Germany

Dr. Maik Böhmer Westfälische Wilhelms- Universität (WWU) Institute for Biology and Bio- technology of Plants Schlossplatz 4 48149 Münster Germany

SpaceLife 53

SpaceLife Members National Associated Partners Univ.-Prof. Dr. Erhard Bremer Philipps-Universität Marburg Laboratory for Molecular Micro- biology Karl-von-Frisch Strasse 8 D-35043 Marburg Germany

Prof. Jörg Stülke Dr. Fabian M. Commichau Institute for Microbiology and Genetics Department of General Micro- biology Georg-August-Universität Göt- tingen Grisebachstr. 8 37077 Göttingen Germany

Prof. Rupert Gerzer Director Space Center Skolkovo Innovation Center 3 Nobel Street Moscow 143026 Russia

SpaceLife 54 SpaceLife Members International Associated Partners Amine Cassimi Laboratoire d'Accueil en Radio- biologie avec les Ions Accélérés (LARIA) CIMAP – GANIL Bd Henri Becquerel BP 5133 F-14070 CAEN Cedex 5, France

Dr. David Andrew Green King's College London Centre of Human & Aerospace Physiological Sciences (CHAPS) Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences London, UK

Prof. Dr. med. Daniela Gabriele Grimm Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology Aarhus University Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

Prof. Dr. Dr. Oliver Ullrich Dr. Cora Thiel Full Professor and Chair Postdoc and Project Leader Institute of Anatomy Institute of Anatomy

Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Medicine University Zurich University Zurich Winterthurer Str. 190 Winterthurer Str. 190 CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland Prof. Dr. Fengyuan Zhuang BeiHang University (Beijing University of Aero- nautics and Astronautics) XueYuan Road No. 37 HaiDian District Beijing, China

SpaceLife 55

Profiles of the Members

SpaceLife 56 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Prof. Dr. Ralf H. Anken Institute of Aerospace Medicine Biomedical Research (BMR)

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3420 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Space Related Activities 1991 Diploma in Biology Experiments flown on STS-55 (2nd Anken R (2006) On the role of the 1995 PhD in Natural Sciences German Spacelab Mission D2, central nervous system in regulat- (Zoology) 1993), STS-89 (1998), STS 90 ing the mineralization of inner-ear 1999 Habilitation (Zoology) (1998), NEUROLAB (1998), STS- otoliths of fish. Protoplasma 229: 107 (2003), FOTON M-3 (2007), 205-208. 2008 Professorship (apl) TEXUS 45 (2008), Parabolic Air- Hilbig R, Anken R, Rahmann H Professional Experience craft and Drop-Tower Flights, ex- (2003) On the origin of susceptibil- periments at simulated microgravi- 1992 Scientific Employee, ity to kinetotic swimming behavior ty (clinostat) and hypergravity (cen- 2008 Zoological Institute, Univer- in fish. A parabolic aircraft flight trifuge) sity of Hohenheim, Germa- study. J Vestib Res 12: 185-189. ny Selected Publications 2008 Scientific Employee, 2010 Biomedical Science Support Anken R, Baur U, Hilbig R (2010)

Center (BSSC), Institute of Clinorotation increases the growth Aerospace Medicine, Ger- of utricular otoliths of developing man Aerospace Center, Co- cichlid fish. Microgravity Sci. logne, Germany Technol. 22: 151-154 Since Head of Biomedical Anken R, Rahmann H (2002) Grav- 2010 Research (BMR, formerly itational Zoology: How animals use BSSC), Institute of Aero- and cope with gravity. Astrobiolo- space Medicine, German gy. In: The Quest for the Condi-

Aerospace Center, Co- tions of Life, Springer, Berlin Hei- logne, Germany delberg New York, G. Horneck and C. Baumstark-Khan eds., Research Topics Springer: Heidelberg, 315-336. Biology, inner ear otolith calcifica- tion in fish, fish as model system in Anken R (2003) Neurophysiology understanding motion sickness of Developing Fish at Altered Grav- susceptibility, neuroscience, neu- ity: Background – Facts – Perspec- rovestibular behavior, sensorimo- tives. In: Advances in Space Biolo- gy and Medicine – Developmental toric disorders, aquatic life support Biology Vol. 9, H.-J. Marthy ed., systems. Gravisensor of vertebrates Elsevier, Amsterdam: 173-200.

SpaceLife 57

German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Prof. Dr. Christa Institute of Aerospace Medicine Baumstark-Khan Radiation Biology Cellular Biodiagnostics

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3140 E-mail: christa.baumstark- [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career (radiation, esp. heavy & light ion Selected Publications exposure, nanoparticles, mechani- 1978 Diploma in Biology Baumstark-Khan C, Hellweg CE, cal stress) - Gene expression & 1985 PhD in Radiobiology and Reitz G (2010) Cytotoxicity signal transduction in mammalian 2004 Lecturer at University of and Genotoxicity Reporter Systems cells, Apoptosis and cell cycle con- Applied Sciences Bonn- Based on the Use of Mammalian trol Rhein-Sieg Cells. Adv Biochem Bacterial cyto- & genotoxicity as- Engin/Biotechnol 118: 113-151. Professional Experience says 1982 Research scientist, Stojicic N, Baumstark-Khan C, 1991 Experimental Radiology & Molecular bone metabolism under Hellweg CE, Grotheer H-H, Reitz Radiation Biology, Radio- conditions of space flight G, Kolanus W, Hemmersbach R (2010) Toxicity of ethylene com- logic University Clinics, Space related activities Medical Faculty, University bustion condensates is directly of Bonn, Germany Co-Investigator: proportional to their carbon content. Toxicology 269: 35-40. 1991 Project scientist, IML-2: Cellular Repair of Radiation 1993 Preparation of KINETICS Damage (KINETICS) Baumstark-Khan C, Horneck G experiment, NASA Spacelab (2007) Results from the “Technical Genotoxic effects of space envi- mission IML-2 workshop on genotoxicity Biosens- ronment (TRIPLE-LUX C) 1995 Research scientist, DLR, ing” on the micro-scale fluoromet- 1998 Institute of Aerospace Med- Principal Investigator: ric assay of deoxyribonucleic acid icine, Radiation Biology unwinding. Anal Chim Acta ‘Cellular Responses to Radiation in 593(1): 75-81. 1998 Group Leader of the Space (CellRad): The effects of 2000 Project Group Human Radi- single and combined space flight Baumstark-Khan C, Rosendahl IM, ation Risk, Aerospace Med- conditions on mammalian cells’ - Rink H (2006) On the quality of icine, University Clinics, to be flown. mutations in mammalian cells RWTH Aachen induced by high LET radiations. Since Group Leader, DLR Adv Space Res 40: 474-482. 2000 Institute of Aerospace Med- icine, Cellular Biodiagnos- Baumstark-Khan C, Hellweg CE, tics Arenz A, and Meier MM (2005) Cellular Monitoring of the Nuclear Research Topics Factor kB Pathway for the Assess- Biological effects of different envi- ment of Space Environmental Ra- ronmental stressors at the cellular diation. Rad Res 164: 527-30.

& molecular level Heavy Ion exposure of human cells at GANIL, Caen, France

SpaceLife 58 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Thomas Berger Institute of Aerospace Medicine Radiobiology Biophysics

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3135 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Space Related Activities

1998 Diploma in Physics Co-Investigator in the space exper- Berger T, Meier MM, Reitz G, 2003 PhD in Radiation Physics iments: Schridde M (2008) Long term dose measurements applying a human Professional Experience MATROSHKA, DOSIS, ExoMARS, anthropomorphic phantom 2003- Postdoc, Institute of ALTEINO, BRADOS – Space ICCHI- onboard an aircraft. Radiation Aerospace Medicine, DLR, BAN. Measurements 43: 580-584. Cologne, Germany Ground-based radiation detector Reitz G, Berger T (2006) The MA- Since Scientific Employee, studies at the Heavy Ion Medical TROSHKA Facility – Dose determi- 2003 Institute of Aerospace Med- Accelerator HIMAC, Chiba, Japan; nation during an EVA. Radiation icine, DLR, Cologne, Ger- the CERF High Energy Neutron Protection Dosimetry 120: 442- many Field, CERN, Switzerland, the 445. Research Topics iThemba Neutron Field, Capetown, South Africa Radiation protection and dosimetry for human space flight and for Selected Publications aircrew Berger T (2008) Radiation dosime- Development and investigation of try onboard the International the radiation detection properties Space Station ISS. Z Med Phys 18: of active and passive radiation 265-275. detectors Berger T, Hajek M (2008), TL- Organization of ground based efficiency-Overview and experi- radiation intercalibration cam- mental results over the years. paigns Radiation Measurements, 43(2-6): 146-156. MATROSHKA on the International Space Station (ISS)

SpaceLife 59 German Sport University Cologne

Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Deutsche Sporthochschule (DSHS) Köln Bloch Institut für Kreislaufforschung und Sportmedizin

Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 50933 Köln Germany

Phone: +49 221 4982 5390 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dshs- koeln.de

Professional Experience Space Related Activities (2008) Integrin-linked kinase stabi- Since Head of the Department for Development and evaluation of lizes myotendinous junctions and 2004 Molecular and Cellular countermeasures for muscle and protects muscle from stress- Sports Medicine, and of the bone loss during long-term space induced damage. J Cell Biol. Institute of Cardiovascular missions 180:1037-109. Research and Sport Medi- Selected Publications Schmidt A, Bierwirth S, Weber S, cine, DSHS, Cologne, Ger- Platen P, Schinkothe T, Bloch W many Gehlert S, Weber S, Weidmann B, (2009) Short intensive exercise Gutsche K, Platen P, Graf C, Honors increases the migratory activity of Kappes-Horn K, Bloch W (2011) mesenchymal stem cells. British Member of the Scientific Commit- Cycling exercise-induced myofiber Journal of Sports Medicine, 43, tee of the European College of transitions in skeletal muscle de- 195-198. Sports Sciences pend on basal fiber type distribution. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Oct Schiffer T, Schulte S, Hollmann W, Member of the Board of Directors 29. [Epub ahead of print]. Bloch W, Struder HK (2009) Effects of “momentum” (“Das Deutsche of Strength and Endurance Train- Zentrum für Leistungssport Köln”) Geisler S, Brinkmann C, Schiffer T, ing on Brain-derived Neurotrophic at the DSHS Kreutz T, Bloch W, Brixius K. Factor and Insulin-like Growth (2011) The influence of resistance Vice President Research and Factor 1 in Humans. Hormone training on patients with metabolic Teaching, “Deutsche Gesellschaft and Metabolic Research 41, 250- syndrome--significance of changes für Sportmedizin und Prävention 254. in muscle fiber size and muscle e.V. (DGSP)” fiber distribution. J Strength Cond Niehoff A, Offermann M, Dargel J, Research Topics Res. 25:2598-2604. Schmidt A, Bruggemann GP, Bloch Regulation pathways and cellular W (2008) Dynamic and static me- Gehlert S, Theis C, Weber S, chanical compression affects Akt and extracellular mechanisms of Schiffer T, Hellmich M, Platen P, functional and structural adapta- phosphorylation in porcine patello- Bloch W. (2010) Exercise-induced femoral joint cartilage. Journal of tion to mechanical and metabolic decline in the density of LYVE-1- stress under (patho)physiological Orthopaedic Research,26, 616- positive lymphatic vessels in hu- 623. conditions in different tissues man skeletal muscle. Lymphat Res (heart and skeletal muscle, blood Biol. 8:165-173. Vega SR, Abel T, Lindschulten R, vessels, blood, bone, cartilage, Hollmann W, Bloch W, Struder HK tendons). Dependence of tissue Wang HV, Chang LW, Brixius K, (2008) Impact of exercise on neu- regeneration from stem and pre- Wickström SA, Montanez E, ronplasticity-related proteins in cursor cells and influence of physi- Thievessen I, Schwander M, Müller spinal cord injured humans. Neu- cal activity on mobilization and U, Bloch W, Mayer U, Fässler R. roscience, 153, 1064-1070. activation of these cells.

SpaceLife 60 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn

PD Dr. Markus Braun Institute of Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology IMBIO Gravitational Biology Group

Kirschallee 1 53115 Bonn Germany

Phone: +49 228 73 2686 E-mail: [email protected]

Website: http://spacebio.uni- bonn.de

Scientific Career Research Topics 1991 Diploma in Biology Biology, Plant signal transduction, Braun M (2007) Primary responses 1994 PhD in Natural Sciences tip growth, gravity perception, of gravity sensing in plants. In: (Botany) plant cytoskeleton, biosensors, Brinckmann E, (eds.). Biology in 1999 Habilitation (Botany) experimentation microgravity Space and Life on Earth. Wiley Verlag, Weinheim: 33-52. Professional Experience Space Related Activities Limbach C, Hauslage J, Schaefer 1995- DFG Fellowship, University Experiments flown on Space- C, Braun M (2005) How to activate Canberra, Australia Shuttles: a plant gravireceptor - early mech- 1999- Professor (C3), University anisms of gravity sensing studied 2001 Bonn, Germany STS-55 (2nd German Spacelab Mission D2, 1993) in characean rhizoids during para- 2001- Senior Scientist, University bolic flights. Plant Physiol 139: 1- 2003 Erlangen, Germany STS-65 (1994) 11. Since- Project Coordinator, STS-81 (1997) Braun M, Hauslage J, Czogalla A, 2003 IMBIO, University of Bonn, Limbach C (2004) Tip-localized Germany TEXUS Sounding rockets: 21, 25, 28, 29, 30, 37, 43 actin polymerization and remodel- Since- Project Manager at DLR ing, reflected by the localization of 2006 Space Agency, Germany MAXUS 3 & 5 ADF, profilin and villin, are funda- Awards Parabolic Plane Flight Campaigns mental for gravitropic tip growth 1991 Heinrich-Hörlein Award, (7) in characeen rhizoids. Planta 219: University Bonn 379-388. Selected Publications 2002 Thora Halstead Young In- vestigator Award, American Limbach C, Staehelin LA, Sievers Society of Gravitational & A, Braun M (2008) Electron tomo- Space Biology (ASGSB) graphic characterization of a vacu- olar reticulum and of six vesicle types that occupy different cytoplasmic domains in the apex of tip- growing Chara rhizoids. Planta 227(5): 1101-14.

Gravitropic responses of plant organs

SpaceLife 61 German Sport University Cologne

Prof. Dr. Gert-Peter Deutsche Sporthochschule (DSHS) Köln Brüggemann Institut für Biomechanik und Orthopädie

Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 50933 Köln Germany

Phone: +49 221 4982 5650 E-Mail: brueggemann@dshs- koeln.de Website: http://www.dshs- koeln.de

Scientific Career University studies in Münster and Oberländer KD, Brüggemann GP, shoe mass on shock attenuation Frankfurt/Main Höher J, Karamanidis K (2012) properties of children's shoes. In: Doctoral Degree at the University Reduced knee joint moment in Shorten M, Knicker A, Brügge- of Frankfurt/Main in Biomechanics ACL deficient patients at a cost of mann G-P (Eds.): Proceedings of Professor of Biomechanics at the dynamic stability during landing. J the second Symposium of the ISB DSHS Köln Biomech Mar 20. [Epub ahead of Working Group on Functional print]. Footwear - Cologne 1995, ISB Professional Experience Portland. Director of the Institute of Biome- Höhne A, Ali S, Stark C, Brügge- chanics and Orthopedics of the mann GP (2012) Reduced plantar Brüggemann G-P, Arndt A, DSHS Köln cutaneous sensation modifies gait Kersting UG, Knicker AJ (1995) dynamics, lower-limb kinematics Influence of Fatigue on Impact Research Topics and muscle activity during walk- Force and Rearfoot Motion During Clinical biomechanics, occupation- ing. Eur J Appl Physiol Mar 6. Running. Proceedings of the XVth al biomechanics and sports biome- [Epub ahead of print]. Congress of the International Soci- chanics with the goal of an in- ety of Biomechanics, 132-133, Süptitz F, Karamanidis K, Catalá creased understanding of the mac- Jyväskylä, Finland. roscopic and molecular response MM, Brüggemann GP (2012) of biological tissue (e.g. bone, Symmetry and reproducibility of Brüggemann G-P, Hirthe A, cartilage, muscle, tendon) to me- the components of dynamic stabil- Knicker A, Steppat Ch (1991) In- chanical stimuli in exercise, sport ity in young adults at different fluence of fatigue on rearfoot and daily activities. walking velocities on the treadmill. motion and shock attenuation Influence of technical devices J Electromyogr Kinesiol. during normal running with differ- th (footwear, braces, orthosis, pros- Apr;22(2):301-7. ent footwear. XIII Congress of the International Society of Biome- theses) to the tissue loading in Ullrich B, Brueggemann GP (2008) chanics 1991 in Perth, Book of sport, exercise and daily life activi- Moment-knee angle relation in Abstracts, The University of West- ties. well trained athletes. Int. J. Sports ern Australia, 49/50. Selected Publications Med 29(8): 239 -245. Brüggemann G-P, Hirthe A, Knick- Aramapatzis A, Knicker A, Metzler Hamann N, Kohler T, Müller R, er A, Steppat Ch (1991) Laborato- V, Brüggemann G-P (2000) "Me- Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A (2012) ry vs field tests in running shoe chanical power in running: a com- The Effect of Level and Downhill research. XIIIth Congress of the parison of different approaches". Running on Cortical and Trabecu- International Society of Biome- J Biomechanics 33:4, 457-463. lar Bone in Growing Rats. Calcif chanics 1991 in Perth, Book of Tissue Int. Apr 1. [Epub ahead of Alp A, Knicker AJ (1995) Effects of Abstracts, The University of West- print]. ern Australia, 51/52.

SpaceLife 62

German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Petra Frings- Institute of Aerospace Medicine Meuthen Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3034 E-mail: petra.frings- [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Space Related Activities: Publications: 2003 Diploma in Nutrition Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Science Principal Investigator: Baecker N, Stehle P, Fimmers R, 2008 PhD in Nutrition Science May F, Kluge G, Heer M (2011) ISS experiment SOLO: “Sodium High sodium chloride intake exac- erbates immobilization-induced Professional Experience retention in microgravity” bone resorption and protein loss- since Scientific Employee at the es. J Appl Physiol 111(2): 537- ESA bed rest studies “Changes in 2008 Institute of Aerospace 542. Medicine, DLR, Cologne acid-base balance and its effect on bone metabolism during HDT bed Gerzer R and Frings-Meuthen P rest” (2011) Medical research under Scholarships & Awards space conditions: A new definition of the regulation and significance 2004 PhD scholarship (Wernher of the human sodium balance. Project Scientist: 2006 von Braun Foundation) Flugmedizin Tropenmedizin

2008 Science Award of DLR Reisemedizin 18(2): 704. ESA “Nutritional Countermeasure” 2008 ESA Young Researcher (NUC) bed rest study Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M (2008) Low grade metabolic Award acidosis may be the cause of Sodi- ESA “Evaluation of the use of um chloride induced exaggerated Artificial Gravity, induced by short- Research Topics bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res arm centrifugation or the Appli- 23(4): 517-524. Influence of nutritional factors on ance of definite combined Training bone and muscle metabolism un- program to counteract effects of der microgravity and immobilized bed rest” (SAG study) conditions. Development and investigation of countermeasure against immobili- Co-investigator: zation induced bone and muscle ISS Experiment PREBL “Post- losses. reentry bone loss” Organization of ground based campaigns.

SpaceLife 63 Uniklinik RWTH Aachen

Dr. Bergita Ganse Klinik für Unfall- und Wieder- herstellungschirurgie Pauwelstraße 30 52074 Aachen Germany

E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.ukaachen.de/klinik en-institute/klinik-fuer-unfall- und-wiederherstellungs chirurgie/klinik/team.html

Scientific Career Space Related Activities Ganse B, Stahn A, Stoinski S, 2007 Approbation as Medical Head Medical Doctor: Suthau T, Gunga HC (2010) Body Doctor (University of ESA bed rest study „Medium- Mass Estimation, Thermoregula- Lübeck) term-bedrest Whey Protein” (MEP) tion, and Cardiovascular Physiolo- 2007 Dissertation, Dr. med. gy of Large Sauropods. In: Biology Co-Investigator: of the Sauropod Dinosaurs, Klein Professional Experience ISS experiment SARCOLAB N, Remes K, Gee C, Sander P (eds.) Indiana University Press, Blooming- 2008- Charité – Universitäts- ton, pp. 105-115. 2009 medizin Berlin, ZWMB, Medical Expert in the commission

Department Physiology for manned spaceflight of the Ganse B, Behrens P, Benthien JP extraterrestrial physics group, 2009- Department of (2008) Two-stage hip revision German Physical Society (DPG, 2011 Orthopedic and Trauma arthroplasty: the role of the exci- Deutsche Physikalische Gesell- Surgery, University of Co- sion arhtroplasty. Eur J Orthop schaft) logne, surgical training Surg Traumatol 18: 223-228. 2011- Emergency Physician (Not- arzt) Selected Publications Ganse B, Behrens P, Gellissen J, Since- DLR, Institute of Ganse B, Limper U, Bühlmeier J, Krüger S, Benthien JP (2006) Loca- 2011 Aerospace Medicine, De- Rittweger J. Petechiae – reprodu- lized nodular pigmented villonodu- partment Space Physiology cible pattern of distribution and lar synovitis of the upper ankle joint – diagnosis and treatment. Z increased appearance after bedrest. Aviat Space Environ Med. Rheumatol. 65(3): 231-234. Research Topics (in print). Bone deformation; Bone density in space, during ageing and in osteo- Ganse B. Topics "Physiology: Car- porosis. diovascular System" and "Physio- logy: Endocrinology". In: Musculoskeletal interaction. Pschyrembel Klinisches Wörter- Injuries in athletics. buch, 262nd, 263rd and 264th edition, De Gruyter, Berlin, 2010,

Two-stage hip revision arthroplas- 2011 and 2012. ty. Bone deformation measurements with motion capturing

SpaceLife 64 Skolokovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech)

Prof. Dr. Rupert Director Space Center Gerzer Skolkovo Innovation Center 3 Nobel Street Moscow Russia 143026

Phone: .+7 (495) 280 14 81 ext.3131 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://faculty.skoltech. ru/people/rupertgerzer

Scientific Career Research Topics

1977 Dr. med., Univ. of Munich Signal transduction pathways, esp. Horneck G, Facius R, Reichert M, 1987 Habilitation, University of cyclic GMP, Space Physiology, Rettberg P, Seboldt W, Manzey D, Munich Telemedicine Comet B, Maillet A, Presii H, 1992 Head, Institute of Schauer L, Dussap CG, Poughon L, Space Related Activities 2015 Aerospace Medicine, DLR Belyavin A, Reitz G, Baumstark- Cologne and Head, Insti- Participation in many space mis- Khan C, Gerzer R (2003) HUMEX: tute of Aerospace Medi- sions as a scientist and in the pre- a study on the survivability and cine, RWTH Aachen sent function adaptation of humans to long- duration exploratory missions. Part Since Director Space Center, Member, Board of Trustees, Inter- I, Lunar Missions. Adv Space Res 2015 Skoltech, Moscow, Russia national Academy of Astronautics 31: 2389-2401. since 1999 Gerzer R, Hemmersbach R, Hor- Professional Experience President, German Society for neck G (2005) Life Sciences: Utili- 1978- DFG Fellow, University of Aerospace Medicine, 1999-2001 zation of Space. Eds: Feuerbacher 1980 Heidelberg, Germany Editor-in-Chief, Acta Astronautica B, Stoewer H; Springer Verlag: 1980- DFG Fellow abroad, 2008 -2011 341-373. 1983 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA Selected Publications Gerzer R, Heer M (2005) Regula- tion of body fluid and salt homeo- 1984- Resident Internal Gerzer R (2011) Are we alone? stasis – from observations in space 1998 Medicine, University of Acta Astronautica 68(1-2): 1. to new concepts on earth. Curr Munich, Germany Gerzer R (2009) Hypergravity and Pharmaceut Biotechnol 6: 299- 1992- DFG Heisenberg 304. 1998 Fellowship microgravity influence haemostasis. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 1992- Founder, DFG Clinical Re- Horneck G, Facius R, Reichert M, 101(5): 799-799. search Group, University of Rettberg P, Seboldt W, Manzey D, Munich, Germany Stasch JP, Becker EM, Alonso-Alija Comet B, Maillet A, Preiss H, Schauer L, Dussap CG, Poughon L, 2005- Space Life Sciences Award, C, Apeler H, Dembowsky K, Feurer Belyavin A, Reitz G, Baumstark- International Academy of A, Gerzer R, Minuth T, Perzborn E, Khan C, Gerzer R (2006) HUMEX: Astronautics Pleiß U, Schröder H, Schröder W, a Study on the Survivability and Since- Head, University Council, Stahl E, Steinke W, Straub A, Schramm M (2001) NO- Adaptation of Humans to Long- 2007 University of Applied Sci- Duration Exploratory Missions, Part ences Bonn independent regulatory site on soluble guanylate cyclase. Nature II: Missions to Mars. Adv Space

410: 212-215. Res 38: 752-759.

SpaceLife 65 Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCM

Prof. Dr. Hanns- Zentrum für Weltraummedizin Berlin (ZWMB) Christian Gunga c/o Institut für Physiologie

Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany

Phone: +49 30 450 52 8511 E-mail: Hanns- [email protected] Website: http://www.zwmb.de/

Scientific Career Research Topics 1980 Diploma in Geology- Space medicine, blood physiology, Boldt LH, Fraszl W, Röcker L, Palaeontology cardiovascular physiology, renal Steinach M, Noack T, Gunga HC 1987 State examen in Medicine physiology, comparative physiolo- (2008) Changes in the haemostatic 1989 Dissertation Dr. med. (Ber- gy in extreme environments system during after thermoneutral lin) and hyperthermic water. Eur J Space Related Activities Appl Physiol 102: 547-554. 1997 Habilitation/PhD (Physiolo- gy), Free University Berlin, Principal Investigator Gunga HC, Suthau T, Bellman A, Berlin EUROMIR’94 (Principal Investiga- Stoinski S, Friedrich A,Trippel T, 2004 Professorship, Charité Uni- tor, CVP-Erythropoietin) Kirsch K, Hellwich O (2008) A new versity Medicine Berlin, Ber- body mass estimation of Brachio- lin ESA-CNES L-TBR’94 (Principal In- saurus brancai Janensch, 1914 vestigator, Erythropoietin) mounted and exhibited at the Professional Experience MIR’97 (Principal Investigator, Museum of Natural History (Berlin, 1980 Scientific Assistant, Erythropoietin-Serum Transferrin Germany). Fossil Record 11: 28- 1987 Department of Physiology, Receptor) 33. Free University Berlin Ger- many Neurolab 2000 (Principal Investiga- Gunga HC, Kirsch KA, Roecker L, Kohlberg E, Tiedemann J, Steinach 1996 Visiting Researcher, Santia- tor, Psycho-Physiology) M, Schobersberger W (2007): go de Chile Co-investigator: Erythropoietin regulations in hu- 2000 Speaker of the Center of mans under different environmen- Space Medicine ISEMSI’90, EXEMSI’92, MIR’92, D- 2, ALTAIR, EUROMIR’94, HU- tal and experimental conditions. Since Vice Director of the BES’94 Respir Physiol Neurobiol 158: 287- 2008 Department of Physiology, 297. Charite University Medicine Several Parabolic Flight Campaigns Berlin, Campus Benjamin and Bed Rest Studies Gunga HC, Suthau T, Bellmann A, Franklin Friedrich A, Schwanebeck T, Stoin- Selected Publications ski S, Trippel T, Kirsch K, Hellwich Gunga HC, Sandsund M, O (2007) Body Mass estimations Reinertsen RE, Sattler F, K Koch K J for Plateosaurus engelhardti using (2008) A non-invasive device to laser scanning and 3D reconstruc- continuously determine heat strain tion methods. Naturwissenschaf- in humans. J Therm Biol 33: 297- ten 94: 623-630. 307.

SpaceLife 66 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Jens Hauslage Institute of Aerospace Medicine Biomedical Science Support Center (BSSC), Interdisciplinary Gravity Research

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 4537 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Space Related Activities 2005 Diploma in Biology 2006 Sounding-Rocket Mission C, Egli M, Richter P, Baltz T, Ein- 2008 Dr. rer. nat. in Biology – TEXUS 43 at ESRANGE, spanier R, Sharbati S, Grimm D Plant Physiology North of Sweden (2012) Short-term weightlessness 2006 Co-PI during the 8th DLR- produced by parabolic flight ma- Professional Experience Parabolic -flight-campaign, neuvres altered gene expression 2005- Postgraduate und scientific Köln/Bonn patterns in human endothelial assistant at the Institute of 2006 PI during the 9th DLR- Par- cells. FASEB JOURNAL, 26(2): 639- Molecular Physiology und abolic -flight-campaign, 655. Biotechnology of plants Bordeaux, France Brungs S, Hauslage J, Hilbig R, (IMBIO), Bonn, Germany 2007 PI during the 10th DLR- Hemmersbach R, Anken R (2011) 2007 Assessor for Life Science Parabolic -flight-campaign, Effects of simulated weightlessness 2012 and Physics, Evangelisches Köln/Bonn on fish otolith growth: Clinostat Studienwerk e.V. Villigst 2003 Over 600 performed versus Rotating-Wall Vessel. Ad- Since- Postdoc, Institute of 2012 parabolas during 13 para- vances in Space Research 48(5): 2008 Aerospace Medicine, DLR, bolic plane flights cam- 792-798. Cologne, Germany paigns Ivanova K, Eiermann P, Tsiockas Awards W, Hauslage J, Hemmersbach R, Selected Publications 2008 ESA – Young Researcher Gerzer R (2011) Natriuretic pep- Award for outstanding Sci- Herranz R, Anken R, Boonstra J, tide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase ex- ence Braun M, Christianen PCM, de pression is down-regulated in human melanoma cells at simulated 2008 1.Poster Award, 10th ESA Geest M, Hauslage J, Hilbig R, Hill weightlessness. Acta Astronautica Symposium “Life in Space R A, Lebert M, Medina FJ, Vagt N, 7-8: 652-655. for Life on Earth“, Angers, Ullrich O, van Loon JJWA, Hem- France mersbach R (2013) Ground-based facilities for simulation of micro- Research Topics gravity: Organism-specific recom- Gravitropism, Simulation of mendations for their use, and Weightlessness, Development of recommended terminology. Astro- Clinostats, Bioregenerative Life biology, 13(1): 1-17. Support Grosse J, Wehland M, Pietsch J, Head of the DLR Project :envihab – Ma X, Ulbrich C, Schulz H, Saar K, Hübner N, Hauslage J, Hemmers- Lebenserhaltungssysteme Clinostat for rotation of biological bach R, Braun M, van Loon J, Vagt samples, resulting in continous PI of the DLR Mission Eu:CROPIS N, Infanger M, Eilles reorientation of the gravity vector

SpaceLife 67

Christian-Albrechts-Universität (CAU) zu Kiel

Prof. Dr. Bernd Heber Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik (IEAP)

Leibnizstr. 11 24098 Kiel Germany

Phone: +49 431 880 3964 E-mail: [email protected] kiel.de Website: http://www.ieap.uni- kiel.de/et/ag-heber/

Scientific Career Awards 1991 Diploma in Physics Christi- 1992 Group Achievement Award Heber B, Wibberenz G, Potgieter an-Albrechts-Universität “Ulysses Jupiter Flyby” MS, Burger RA, Ferreira SES, Mül- Kiel, Germany ler-Mellon R, Kunow H, Ferrando Research Topics 1997 Dr. rer. nat./PhD, Christian- P, Raviart A, Paizis C, Lopate C, Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Sun and heliosphere McDonald FB, Cane HV (2002) Germany Ulysses Cosmic Ray and Solar Par- Cosmic radiation ticle Investigation/Kiel Electron 2004 Habilitation, Universität Telescope observations: Charge Osnabrück, Germany Interaction of cosmic radiation with the atmosphere sign dependence and spatial gra- Professional Experience dients during the 1990-2000 A 0 Space Related Activities 1991- Research Associate, solar magnetic cycle. Journal of 1997 Christian-Albrechts- Since Co-I: Ulysses/ Kiel Electron Geophysical Research (Space Phys- Universität Kiel, Germany 1997 Telescope ics) 107: 1274. Since P-I: Ulysses/ Kiel Electron 1998- Research Associate, Heber B, Clem JM, Müller-Mellin 2006 Telescope Centre Etude Atomique, R, Kunow H, Ferreira SES, Potgiet- Saclay, France Since P-I: Proton Helium er MS (2003) Evolution of the 1999- Research Scientist, Max- 2006 Instrument galactic cosmic ray electron to 2000 Planck-Institute for Since Co-I: STEREO/ Electron proton ratio: Ulysses COSPIN/KET Aeronomie, Katlenburg- 2006 Proton Telescope observations. Geophys Res Lett Lindau, Germany Selected Publications 30: 6-1. 2001 Assistant, Universität 2005 Osnabrück, Germany Heber B, and Potgieter MS (2006) Cosmic Rays at High Heliolati- 2005 Assistent: Universität tudes. Space Science Reviews Stuttgart, Germany 127: 117-194. Since Full Professor, Christian- 2005 Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Heber B, Fichtner H, Scherer K Germany, Institute for Ex- (2006) Solar and Heliospheric perimental and Applied Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Physics Rays. Space Science Reviews 125: 81-93.

Rover for the US Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mission

SpaceLife 68 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

PD Dr. Christine Institute of Aerospace Medicine Hellweg Radiation Biology Cellular Biodiagnostics

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3243 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career 1996 Approbation as Veterinari- iment CellRad (formerly CERASP) The German ISS-Experiment Cellu- an lar Responses to Radiation in Ground-based radiobiological 2001 PhD in Veterinary Medicine Space (CERASP): The Effects of studies at the heavy ion accelera- 2012 Habilitation (Immunology) Single and Combined Space Flight tors GANIL (Caen, France) and GSI Conditions on Mammalian Cells. Professional Experience (Darmstadt, Germany), at the neu- Adv Space Res 39: 1011-1018. 2001- Postdoc, Dermatology, tron reactor FRMII (Garching, University of Cologne, Germany) and the PTB microbeam Hellweg CE and Baumstark-Khan Germany (Braunschweig, Germany) C. (2007) Getting Ready for the Manned Mission to Mars: The 2001- Postdoc, Institute of Selected Publications 2004 Aerospace Medicine, DLR, Astronauts' Risk from Space Radia- Cologne, Germany Hellweg CE, Baumstark-Khan C, tion. Naturwissenschaften 94: Schmitz C, Lau P, Meier MM, 517-526. 2004- Scientific Employee, Testard I, Berger T, and Reitz G 2015 Institute of Aerospace Med- Hellweg CE, Spitta, L, Arenz A, (2011) Activation of the NF-kB icine, DLR, Cologne Bogner SC, Ruscher R, Baumstark- pathway by heavy ion beams of Khan C, Greif K-D, Giesen U Since- Head of Department, different linear energy transfer. (2007) Transcriptional response of 2015 Institute of Aerospace Med- International Journal of Radiation human cells to microbeam irradia- icine, DLR, Cologne Biology 87(9): 954–963. tion with 2.1 MeV α-particles. Research Topics Hellweg CE, Baumstark-Khan C, Adv Space Res 39(6): 1056-1065. Schmitz C, Lau P, Meier MM, Biological effects of different environmental stressors at the cellular Testard I, Berger T, and Reitz G and molecular level (radiation, (2011) Carbon Ion Induced Activa- especially heavy and light ion ex- tion of the NF-kB Pathway. Radia- posure, nanoparticles, mechanical tion Research 175: 424-431. stress) - Gene expression and sig- Hellweg CE, Langen B, Klimow G, nal transduction in mammalian Ruscher R, Schmitz C, Baumstark- cells, Apoptosis and cell cycle con- Khan C, Reitz G (2009) Up-stream trol Molecular bone metabolism events in the nuclear factor kB under conditions of space flight activation cascade in response to Space Related Activities sparsely ionizing radiation. Adv Space Res 44: 907-916. Coordinator of SpaceLife Heavy ion exposure campaign at Hellweg CE, Thelen M, Arenz A, Co-Investigator in the space experi GANIL, Caen, France and Baumstark-Khan C (2007)

SpaceLife 69

German Aerospace Center (DLR)

PD Dr. Ruth Institute of Aerospace Medicine Hemmersbach Biomedical Science Support Center (BSSC), Interdisciplinary Gravity Research Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3094 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career 1985 Diploma in Biology gravisensors in unicellular systems; Hemmersbach R, Braun M (2006): 1988 PhD in Natural Sciences experiments under altered gravita- Gravity-sensing and gravity-related (Zoology) tional stimulation; simulation of signaling pathways in unicellular functional weightlessness; scien- model systems of protists and 1998 Habilitation (Zoology) tific user support plants. Signal Transduction 6: Professional Experience 432-442. Space Related Activities 1985- Doctorial grant, PostDoc Hemmersbach R, Krause M, TEXUS 27 (1990); TEXUS 28 1992 at the Institute of Bräucker R, Ivanova K (2005) (1991) Aerospace Medicine, DLR, Graviperception in ciliates: steps in Cologne, Germany Spacelab-Mission IML-2 (1994) the transduction chain. Adv Space 1992- Scientific Employee at the Res 35: 296-299. 2005 Institute of Aerospace MAXUS 2 (1995) Krause M, Bräucker R, Hemmers- Medicine, DLR, Cologne Shuttle-Mission SMM06 (1997) bach R (2006) Graviresponses of Since- Head of the group TEXUS 39 (2001) Paramecium biaurelia during para- 2005 Interdisciplinary Gravity bolic flights. Protoplasma 229: Research at the BSSC, 5. DLR Parabolic Flight Campaign 109-116. Institute of Aerospace Med- (2003) icine, DLR, Cologne Hemmersbach R, Volkmann D, Selected Publications Since- Head of Department Häder, D-P (1996) Graviorientation 2015 Gravitational Biology, Horn A, Ullrich O, Huber K, Hem- in protists and plants. J Plant Phys- Institute of Aerospace Med- mersbach R (2011) PMT (Photo- iol 154: 1-15. icine, DLR, Cologne multiplier) Clinostat. Microgravity, Science and Technology, 23: 67- Awards 71. 1991 Junior Scientist Award of the DLR Häder DP, Hemmersbach R, Lebert M (2005) Gravity and the behav- 1992 Zeldovich Award of the iour of unicellular organisms. Cospar Life Sciences behav- Cambridge University Press, Cam- ior, sensorimotoric disor- bridge. ders, aquatic life support systems. Hemmersbach R, von der Wiesche M, Seibt D (2006) Experimental Research Topics platforms in gravitational biology. Gravitational biology; perception Signal Transduction 6: 381-387. Gravitaxis of cells of gravity on the cellular level;

SpaceLife 70

Universität Regensburg

Dr. Harald Huber Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie und Archaeenzentrum

Universitätsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany

Phone: +49 941 943 3185 E-mail: harald.huber@biologie. uni-r.de Website: http://www.biologie. uni-regensburg.de/Mikrobio/ Thomm/Arbeitsgruppen/huber. htm Scientific Career Space Related Activities 1982 Diploma in Biology Ground-based studies on the re- Huber H, Gallenberger M, Jahn U, 1987 PhD in natural sciences sistance of extremophilic microor- Eylert E, Berg I, Kockelkorn D, (Microbiology) ganisms to radiation, desiccation Eisenreich W, Fuchs G (2008) A dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate Professional Experience and high vacuum conditions (collaboration with the DLR in Co- autotrophic carbon assimilation 1987- PostDoc at the Institute logne, Germany, group of Dr. cycle in the hyperthermophilic 1990 for Microbiology, Petra Rettberg). Archaeum Ignicoccus hospitalis. University of Regensburg, PNAS 105(22): 7851-7856. Germany Selected Publications Since- Permanent position (Akad. Huber H, Hohn MJ, Rachel R, 1990 Oberrat) at the Institute Fuchs T, Wimmer VC, Stetter KO

for Microbiology, (2002) A New Phylum of Archaea University of Regensburg, represented by a nano-sized hy- Germany; Work group perthermophilic symbiont. Nature leader for microbial 417: 63-67. research projects Paper W, Jahn U, Hohn MJ, Research Topics Kronner M, Näther DJ, Burghardt

Isolation and characterization of T, Rachel R, Stetter KO, Huber H novel hyperthermophilic Archaea (2007): Ignicoccus hospitalis sp. and Bacteria; nov., the host of Nanoarchaeum Physiology and molecular biology equitans. Int J System Evol Micro- of extremophilic microorganisms; biol 57: 803-808. Optimization of fermentation pro- Etzel K, Huber H, Rachel R, cesses in biogas plants. Schmalz G, Thomm M, Depmeier W (2007) Pyrite surface alteration Bacterial leaching of sulfidic ores of synthetic single crystals as effect by Archaea and Bacteria. of microbial activity and crystallo- Electron micrographs and fluores- graphic orientation. Adv Mat Res cence image of the Nanoarchaeum 20-21: 350-353. equitans - Ignicoccus hospitalis Co- culture

SpaceLife 71 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Krassimira Ivanova Institute of Aerospace Medicine Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3074 E-mail: krassimira.ivanova @dlr.de Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career 1971 Diploma in Chemistry, Uni- Research Topics and Space Re- Ivanova K, van den Wijngaard RM, versity of Technology, lated Activities Gerzer R, Lamers WH, Das PK Dresden (2005) Non-lesional vitiliginous Signal transduction pathways, esp. melanocytes are not characterized 1984 PhD (Biology), Sofia nitric oxide, natriuretic peptides, by an increased proneness to nitric 1990 Habilitation (Biochemistry), guanylyl cyclases, cyclic GMP, mel- oxide-induced apoptosis. Exp Med. University, Varna anocyte (patho)physiology, space Dermatol 14:445-453. 1998 PhD, Medical Faculty, Uni- physiology versity of Amsterdam Ivanova K, Das P K, van den Selected Publications: Wijngaard RM, Lenz W, Ivanova K, Professional Experience Ivanova K, Eiermann P, Tsiockas W Zadeh NH, Block I, Das PK, Gerzer 1979- DAAD Fellow, University (2011) Cyclic GMP-signaling asso- R (2004) Stimulation of cyclic GMP 1980 of Heidelberg, Germany ciated gene expression in human efflux in human melanocytes by 1987- DAAD Fellow, University melanoma cells in altered gravity: hypergravity generated by centrif- 1988 of Munich, Germany down-regulation in simulated ugal acceleration. Pigment Cell 1972- Assistant & Assoc. Professor weightlessness. Pigment Cell & Res 17:471-479. 1991 Departments of Pharmacol- Melanoma Research 24(4): 859- Ivanova K, Das P K, van den ogy & Biochemistry, Med. 859. Wijngaard RMJGJ, Lenz W, University, Varna Ivanova K., Lambers B, van den Klockenbring T, Malcharzyk V, 1991- Research Scientist, Wijngaard R, Le Poole I C, Drummer C, Gerzer R (2001) Dif- 1993 Clinical Pharmacology, Grigorieva G, Gerzer R, Das PK ferential expression of functional University of Munich (2008) Immortalization of human guanylyl cyclases in melanocytes: Since- Research Scientist, Head melanocytes does not alter the de absence of nitric-oxide-sensitive 1993 of Cell- & Molecular novo properties of nitric oxide to isoform in metastatic cells. J Invest Biology Subdivision, induce cell detachment from ex- Dermatol 116: 409-416. Space Physiology, Institute tracellular matrix components via of Aerospace Medicine, cGMP. In Vitro Cellular & Devel- DLR opmental Biology – Animal Since Adjunct Research Scientist 44:385-395. 2000 Department of Pathology Ivanova K, Block I, Das PK, Gerzer University of Amsterdam R (2006) Role of cyclic GMP signal-

ing in the melanocyte response to hypergravity. Signal Transduction 6: 406-413.

SpaceLife 72

Christian-Albrechts-Universität (CAU) zu Kiel

Dr. Andreas Klassen Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik (IEAP)

Leibnizstr. 11 24098 Kiel Germany

Phone: +49 431 880 3221 E-mail: [email protected] kiel.de Website: http://www.ieap.uni- kiel.de/et/

Scientific Career Research Topics 1980 Graduation in Astronomy, Astro-particle physics, solar phys- Mann G, Klassen A (2005) Electron Kazan State University, Ka- ics, radio emission from the Sun, beams generated by shock waves zan, USSR acceleration of particles by shock in the solar corona. A&A 441: 1988 Ph.D. in Astrophysics, Main waves and other processes, prop- 319-326. Astronomical Observatory agation of solar particles and plan- Klassen A, Krucker S, Kunow H, Pulkovo/Leningrad, USSR etary particles Müller-Mellin R, Wimmer- Professional Experience Selected Publications Schweingruber RF, Mann G, Pos- ner A (2005) Solar energetic elec- 1980- Research Scientist, Institute Klassen A, Gómez-Herrero R, trons related to the 28 October 1992 of Ionosphere, Alma-Ata, Heber B, Kartavykh Y, Dröge W, 2003 flare. J Geophys Res USSR Klein K-L (2012) Solar origin of in- 110(A9): A09S04. 1994- Research Scientist, Astro- situ near-relativistic electron spikes 2003 physical Institute Potsdam, observed with SEPT/STEREO. As- Potsdam, Germany tron Astrophys 542: A28. Since- Research Scientist, IEAP, Klassen A, Gómez-Herrero R, Mül- 2003 Christian-Albrechts- ler-Mellin R, Böttcher S, Heber B, Universität Kiel, Germany Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, Ma- Space Related Activities son G M (2009) STEREO/SEPT observations of upstream particle Team member of several space events: almost monoenergetic ion missions: beams. Ann Geophys 27: 2077- 2085. Kiel Electron Telescope (KET), part The Solar Electron and Proton of the Ulysses Cosmic Ray and Klassen A, Gómez-Herrero R, Telescope (SEPT) on the two Solar Particle Investigation (CO- Böhm E, Müller-Mellin R, Heber B, space-based observatories STEREO SPIN) experiment Wimmer-Schweingruber RF (2008) consist of 16 particle telescopes Solar Electron and Proton Tele- COSTEP/SOHO observations of which collect energetic ions and scope (SEPT) on Solar Terrestrial energetic electrons far upstream of electrons (IEAP, CAU Kiel). Observatory (SEPT/STEREO) the Earth's bow-shock. Annales Geophysicae 26: 905-912. Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Analyzer on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (COSTEP/SOHO)

SpaceLife 73 Christian-Albrechts-Universität (CAU) zu Kiel

Dr. Jan Köhler Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik (IEAP)

Leibnizstr. 11 24098 Kiel Germany

Phone: +49 431 880 3944 E-mail: [email protected] kiel.de Website: http://www.ieap.uni- kiel.de/et/

Scientific Career Research Topics 2008 Diploma in Physics, Chris- Cosmic radiation Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer- tian-Albrechts-Universität Schweingruber RF, Ehresmann B, Martian radiation environment (CAU) Kiel, Germany Rafkin S, Eigenbrode JL, Brinza DE, 2012 Dr. rer. nat./PhD, CAU Kiel, Dosimetry Weigle G, Bottcher S, Boehm E, Germany Burmeister S, Guo JN, Koehler J, Interaction of cosmic radiation Martin C, Reitz G, Cucinotta FA, Professional Experience with the atmosphere Kim MH, Grinspoon D, Bullock 2005- SFB 654, Plasticity and Selected Publications MA, Posner A, Gomez-Elvira J, 2008 Sleep – Project A8 Develop- Vasavada A, Grotzinger JP (2014) ing computational models Köhler J, Ehresmann B, Martin C, Mars' Surface Radiation Environ- of cortical neuronal net- Böhm E, Kharytonov A, Kortmann ment Measured with the Mars works, CAU Kiel O, Zeitlin C, Hassler D M, Wim- Science Laboratory's Curiosity mer-Schweingruber R F (2011) 2008 DLR Project - Lunar Explora- Rover. Science 343: Inversion of neutron/gamma spec- tion Orbiter (LEO) Develop- DOI:10.1126/science.1244797. tra from scintillator measurements. ing instruments for the Lu- nar Exploration Orbiter Nuclear Instruments and Methods 2008- PhD student, in Physics Research B, 269(22): 2012 Christian-Albrechts- 2641-2648. Universität Kiel, Germany Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer- Since- Research Scientist, Schweingruber RF, Bottcher S, 2012 Christian-Albrechts- Martin C, Andrews J, Boehm E, Universität Kiel, Germany Brinza DE, Bullock MA, Burmeister S, Ehresmann B, Epperly M, Grin- Awards spoon D, Koehler J, Kortmann O, 2012 “Auszeichnung für die Neal K, Peterson J, Posner A, Raf- beste Dissertation im Fach kin S, Seimetz L, Smith KD, Tyler Y, Physik”, "Verein der Freun- Weigle G, Reitz G, Cucinotta FA, de und Förderer der Phy- (2012) The Radiation Assessment sik", CAU Kiel Detector (RAD) Investigation. The Payload deck of the Marsrover Space Related Activities Space Science Reviews 170(1-4): "Curiosity"of the US Mars Science SpaceLife Alumnus 503-558. Laboratory (MSL) Mission. The Member of the MSL-RAD Science Radiation Assessment Detector Team (RAD) is right below the dark round entrance window on the left side of the image.

SpaceLife 74 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn

Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Prof. Dr. Waldemar Institute Kolanus Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13 53115 Bonn Germany

Phone: +49 228 73 2073 Fax: +49 228 73 5499

Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.cellbiochem.uni- bonn.de/0-Seiten/people/ people.html Scientific Career Research Topics 1978- Undergraduate studies in Signal transduction processes Loer B, Bauer R, Bornheim R, Grell 1984 Biology and Chemistry, which are either regulating cell J, Kremmer E, Kolanus W, Hoch M University of Hannover, adhesion, or those which are the (2008) The NHL-domain protein Germany consequences of cell-cell interac- Wech is crucial for the integrin- 1987 PhD in Molecular Biology, tions: cytoskeleton link. Nat Cell Biol 10: University of Hannover 422-428. a) control of lymphocyte adhesion 1988– Postdoctoral positions at and Busch A, Quast T, Keller S, Kolanus 1994 Clinical Immunology, Han- W, Knolle P, Altevogt P, Limmer A nover Medical School and b) intracellular signals which turn (2008) Transfer of T cell surface at Harvard Medical on cytokine gene expression molecules to dendritic cells upon School/Massachusetts Gen- Development of new areas: CD4+ T cell priming involves two eral Hospital, Department distinct mechanisms. J Immunol of Molecular Biology, Bos- Live cell imaging for the visualiza- 181: 3965-3973. ton, USA tion of signaling processes, as well as mouse transgenic and knock- Klotz L, Dani I, Edenhofer F, Professional Experience out technologies in the investiga- Nolden L, Evert B, Paul B, Kolanus 1994- Independent group leader, tion of gene function at the organ- W, Klockgether T, Knolle P, Diehl L 1999 Gene Center, Munich, ismic level. (2007) Peroxisome proliferator- Germany activated receptor gamma control Selected Publications 1999- Professor of Biochemistry, of dendritic cell function contrib- 2002 University of Munich Quast T, Tappertzhofen B, Schild utes to development of CD4+ T Since Full Professor and Chair of C, Grell J, Czeloth N, Förster R, cell anergy. J Immunol 178: 2122- 2002 Immmune- and Cell Biolo- Alon R, Fraemohs L, Dreck K, We- 2131. gy, Life & Medical Sciences ber C, Lämmermann T, Sixt M, Kolanus W (2007). Guanine nucle- (LIMES) Institute, University Kolanus W (2009) Cytohesin-1 otide exchange factors of the cy- of Bonn, Germany controls the Activation of RhoA tohesin family and their roles in Director of Molecular Im- Modulates Integrin-dependent signal transduction. Immunol Rev mune & Cell Biology Unit Adhesion and Migration of Den- 218: 102-113. Laboratory of Molecular dritic Cells. Blood 113: 5801- Immunology 5810.

SpaceLife 75

German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Patrick Lau Institute of Aerospace Medicine Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne ermany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3173 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Bone specific gene expression Scientific Career Selected Publications: pattern in the differentiation 2003 Graduation in Biology pathway after exposure to ionizing Lau P, Baumstark-Khan C, Hellweg 2004 Diploma thesis radiation. CE, and Reitz G (2010) X- 2008 Dr. rer. nat. Cellular effects after heavy Irradiation Induced Cell Cycle De- charged particle exposure on bone lay and DNA Double-strand Breaks Professional Experience cells. in Murine Osteoblastic Cells. Ra- 2003- Diploma student, Induction of DNA strand breaks diation and Environ-mental Bio- 2004 Institute of Aerospace Med- and premature differentiation of physics 49(2): 271-280. icine, DLR, Cologne, Ger- bone cells exposed to high-energy Lau P, Hellweg CE, Kirchner S, many heavy ions. 2004- PhD student, Arenz A, Baumstark-Khan C, and 2008 Institute of Aerospace Med- Space Related Activities: Horneck G. (2005). Induction of icine, DLR, Cologne, Ger- Since- Co-Investigator of OSIRIS DNA-strand breaks after X- many 2008 Ground based research at irradiation in murine bone cells of various differentiation capacities. Since- Research scientist, the heavy Ion accelerator Adv in Space Res 36: 1689–1695. 2009 Institute of Aerospace Med- GSI, Darmstadt, Germany icine, Radiation Biolo- 2009 Principle Investigator “In- Lau P, Hellweg CE, Kirchner S, gy/Space Physiology, DLR, terrelation between cellular Baumstark-Khan C (2005) Three Cologne, Germany differentiation and DNA dimensional culture of murine damage of murine pre- osteoblastic cell line OCT-1 on Awards: osteoblastic cell lines in re- collagen coated microcarriers. J 2004 Education grant European sponse to High LET radia- Grav Phys 12: 245-246. Space Agency (35th CO- tion”. Ground based re- SPAR Scientific Assembly in search at the heavy Ion ac- Arenz A, Stojicic N, Lau P, Hellweg Paris) celerator GANIL (Grand CE, and Baumstark-Khan C (2007) 2005 Poster award, Gravitational Accélérateur National d’ Suitability of commonly used Physiology Meeting, Co- Ions Lourds), Caen, France housekeeping genes in gene ex- logne, “Three dimensional pression studies for space radiation culture of the murine oste- research. Adv Space Res 39: oblastic cell line OCT-1 on 1050-1055. collagen coated microcarriers”. Research Topics Differentiation and regulation of osteoblast and osteoclastic cell DNA damage response in bone formation. cells Heavy ion exposure of bone cells

SpaceLife 76 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Ing. Carole Leguy Institute of Aerospace Medicine Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 2648 Fax: +49 2203 611 59 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de

Scientific Career Intolerance. Model based assessment of dy- 2005 Master of Science in Bio- namic arterial blood volume flow medical Engineering Cardiovascular biomechanics: from ultrasound measurements. 2010 PhD in Biomedical engi- blood pressure wave propagation Medical & Biol. Eng. & Comp 47: neering model (computational fluid me- 641-648. chanics). Professional Experience Space Related Activities 2011- Guest researcher at the Assessment of in vivo measure- 2012 Institute of Aerospace Med- ments of hemodynamic parame- icine, DLR, Cologne ters (ultrasound, tonometry, seg- mental impedance). 2010- Post doc, Laboratory for 2011 Aero and Hydrodynamics, Tilt-table, Lower Body Negative Delft University of Technol- Pressure, Short Arm Human Cen- ogy, The Netherlands trifuge in vivo experiments. 2005- PhD student at the Dept. of Global sensitivity analysis of sub- 2011 Biomedical Engineering, ject specific models. Eindhoven University of Tilt-table and Lower Body Under Technology, The Nether- Selected Publications: pressure in vivo experiment. lands Leguy CAD, Bosboom EMH, Ultrasound assessment of blood Research grants Belloum A, Hoeks APG, van de flow velocity during tilt-table ex- Vosse FN (2011) Global sensitivity periment at DLR Marie Curie Early Stage Research analysis of a wave propagation fellowship (2005-2009), Eindhoven model for arm arteries. Medical In vivo study on ESA/DLR Short University, the Netherlands Engineering and Physics 33: 1008- Arm Human Centrifuge study. Marie Curie International Out- 1016. going Fellowship, Simon Fraser Leguy CAD, Bosboom EMH, University, Canada(2012-2014) / Gelderblom H, van de Vosse FN DLR (2014-2015) (2010) Estimation of distributed Research Topics arterial mechanical properties using a wave propagation model in a Cardiovascular space physiology. reverse way. Medical Engineering Exploration of the regulatory and Physics 32: 957-967. mechanism of the cardiovascular Leguy CAD, Bosboom EMH, Hoeks system involved in orthostatic APG, van de Vosse FN (2009) SAHC study at DLR

SpaceLife 77 German Sport University Cologne

Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Deutsche Sporthochschule Joachim Mester (DSHS) Institute for Training Science and Sports Informatics

Am Müngersdorfer Sportpark 6 50933 Köln Germany

Phone: +49 221 4982 4830 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dshs- koeln.de/train/index.htm Scientific Career Research Topics 1974 State examination in Sports Analysis of human adaptation to Koehler K, Parr MK, Geyer H, Science, University of Bo- training Mester J, Schänzer W (2009) Se- chum Scientific support in top perfor- rum testosterone and urinary ex- 1978 PhD (Motoric Learning, mance sport: national teams in cretion of steroid hormone me- Movement Coordination) alpine skiing, tennis, ski-jumping, tabolites after administration of a 1984 Habilitation (Diagnostics of fencing, rowing, track and field high-dose zinc supplement. Eur J Clin Nutr 63(1): 65-70. Sense Organs, Motor Learn- Space Related Activities: ing, Training Empirical Modeling of human Suhr F, Brixius K, de Marées M, Professional Experience performance and adaptation un- Bölck B, Kleinöder H, Achtzehn S, Bloch W, Mester J (2007) Effects 1974- Scientific Assistant at the der normal conditions and µg of short-term vibration and 1985 Institute of Sports Research cooperation with DLR hypoxia during high-intensity Medicine, Ruhr University Selected Publications: cycling exercise on circulating Bochum Mester J, Kleinöder H, Yue Z levels of angiogenic regulators in 1986 Appointment as Professor (2006) Vibration training: benefits humans. J Appl Physiol 103(2): at the DSHS, Head of the and risks. J Biomech 39(6): 1056- 474-483. Institute of Training Science 1065. and Mechanics Buitrago S, Wirtz N, Yue Z, Kolb JC, Farran P, Norris SR, Smith Kleinöder H, Mester J (2011) Awards D, Mester J (2004) Validation of Effects of load and training modes 1984 Carl-Diem-Plakette pulse oximetry during progressive on physiological and metabolic (Deutscher Sportbund) for normobaric hypoxia utilizing a responses in resistance exercise. the Habilitation thesis portable chamber. Can J Appl Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Nov 25. 1994 Dr. h.c. Sportuniversität Physiol 29(1): 3-15. [Epub ahead of print]. Budapest Yue Z, Mester J (2002) A model Wahl P, Schaerk J, Achtzehn S, 2004 Dr. h.c. Universität analysis of internal loads, energet- Kleinöder H, Bloch W, Mester J Jyväskylä, Finnland ics, and effects of wobbling mass (2011) Physiological responses and during the whole-body vibration. J perceived exertion during cycling Biomech 35(5): 639-647. with superimposed electromyostimulation (EMS). J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print].

SpaceLife 78 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Uwe Mittag Institute of Aerospace Medicine Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3108 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Computergestütztes Training auf Langzeitmissionen. Research Pro- 1983 Diploma in Chemistry S/W development and operation gram of the German-Russian 1988 PhD in Physical Chemistry of the Spacelab Training Assembly Space Mission MIR’97, WPF RWTH 2002 Master in Space Systems at Cologne in support of D-2 pro- Aachen. Engineering ject (German Spacelab Mission) Pelka K, Mittag U, Pieniazek A Professional Experience Development of a Computer Aid- (1996) Portable Simulators, a Con- ed Instruction (CAI) facility within 1989- Scientific Employee, DLR, structive Idea on Modern Training the DLR-project 'Pre-operational 2012 Cologne Tools. Proceedings of the Space Phase of Crew Training Complex' 1989- Space Operations and Ops 96 Symposium, München, (1990-1996) 2003 Astronaut Training Depart- DLR. ment, Software (S/W) de- Management of CAI-projects velopment for crew training Mittag U, Nähle R, Schmidt HP and ground operations Principle Investigator of the Opera- (2000) Operational Test ‚Training support tional Test 'Training im Einsatz' of im Einsatz‘ a component of the the German-Russian MIR'97 mis- Modular On-board Training Envi- 2003- Institute for Aerospace sion ronment (MOTE). In: Keller MH, 2012 Medicine Sahm PR (Hrsg.)‚ Forschung unter Design/development of Web based 2003- Data system design for Weltraumbedingungen, Konfe- data bases (for space-related and 2005 medical applications renzbericht des Bilanzsymposiums non-space-related applications) 2005- Head of Biomedical Science auf Norderney 1998, p. 803, WPF 2009 Support Center Design/development of a mobile RWTH Aachen. 2010- Head of numerical simula- and cost efficient 'Intelligent Mittag U, Fröbel L, Scott C (2000) tions group Compact Control Centre' ProTo-Web: a lean and powerful Research Topics Design/development of a data groupware package for the Web. management system for the Insti- Proceedings of the ICSSEA 2000 Computational modeling of physi- tute of Aerospace Medicine conference at Paris, Vol. 3, CNAM ological systems in space physiolo- Paris. gy with focus on bone mechanics Build-up of a numerical simula- and bone remodeling tions group for investigation of Mittag U, Schwartz E, Lois C, Rupp physiological systems T (2004) Towards a Reusable Mi- Space Related Activities: cro Control Center for Micro Satel- Selected Publications: Software development and opera- lites. Proceedings of the SpaceOps tions of the Spacelab Training Mittag U, Nähle R, Schmidt HP, 2004, Montreal, CSA. Assembly at Cologne in support of Schmitz G, Bessone L, Auferil J, D-2 project (German Spacelab Pidgeon A, Anderson J (1996) Mission)

SpaceLife 79 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Ralf Möller Institute of Aerospace Medicine Radiation Biology Space Microbiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3145 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Research Topics 2003 Diploma in Biology Microbiology, Astrobiology, Radia- Moeller et al., (2007) UV radiation 2007 PhD in Natural Sciences tion biology, DNA repair, DNA induced formation of DNA bi- (Microbiology, Biochemis- protection, Gene expression anal- pyrimidine photoproducts in Bacil- try) yses, Regulation networks on mi- lus subtilis endospores and their crobial model systems repair during germination. Int Professional Experience Microbiol 10:39-46. 2003- PhD student, German Space Related Activities 2007 Collection of Microor- Moeller et al. (2007) Role of DNA Visiting scientist at NASA KSC, ganisms and Cell Cultures repair by non-homologous end USA; ISRL NIRS, Japan; MPI-IB, (DSMZ), Braunschweig, joining (NHEJ) in Bacillus subtilis Germany; Co-investigator of DFG- Germany and DLR, spore resistance to extreme dry- "Meteorite ejection and life", Cologne, Germany ness, mono- and polychromatic UV ESA/DLR-"ADAPT" und "PRO- and ionizing radiation. J Bacteriol 2007- Scientific Employee, TECT" 189: 3306-3311. 2015 Radiation Biology, Astro- biology Group, DLR, Co- Selected Publications: Moeller et al. (2007) DNA bipyrim- logne Moeller R, Schuerger AC, Reitz G, idine photoproduct repair and Since Head of the Group, Nicholson WL (2011). Impact of transcriptional response of UV-C 2015 Space Microbiology, DLR, two DNA repair pathways, homol- irradiated Bacillus subtilis. Arch Cologne ogous recombination and non- Microbiol 188: 421-431. homologous end joining, on bac- Moeller et al. (2006) A method for terial spore inactivation under extracting RNA from dormant and simulated Martian environmental germinating Bacillus subtilis strain conditions. Icarus 215: 204-210. 168 endospores. Curr Microbiol Moeller et al. (2008) Role of the 53: 227-231. major small, acid-soluble spore Moeller et al. (2005) Role of pig- proteins, spore specific and univer- mentation in protecting Bacillus sal DNA repair mechanisms in the sp. endospores against environ- resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores mental UV radiation. FEMS Mi- to ionizing radiation from X-rays Integrated genomic (e.g. microar- crobiol Ecol 51: 231-236. and high energy charged (HZE) rays) and proteomic (e.g. Western particle bombardment. J Bacteriol Blots) approach to study the re- 190: 1134-1140. sponse of germinating and out- growing spores (e.g. fluorescence microscopy).

SpaceLife 80 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Edwin Mulder Institute of Aerospace Medicine Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3062 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de

Scientific Career Eur J Appl Physiol 76:706-715. 2001 MSc. in Human Movement Co-investigator during the 2011- sciences 2012 ESA-funded DLR-held medi- Mulder ER, Kuebler WM, Gerrits 2007 PhD in Human Movement um-term bed rest study KH, Rittweger J, Felsenberg D, Sciences Co-investigator during the Stegeman DF, De Haan A (2007). MARS500 confinement and isola- Knee extensor fatigability after 8 Professional Experience tion study weeks of bed rest with and with- 2007 Postdoctoral fellow VU out countermeasure. Muscle Co-investigator during the DLR- University Amsterdam Nerve 36: 798-806. funded Short-Arm Human Centri- 2009 Postdoctoral fellow UMCN fuge study Mulder ER, Horstman A, Stegeman Nijmegen Department of DF, de Haan A, Belavý D, Miokovic Selected Publications Neurology T, Armbrecht G, Felsenberg D, 2010- Researcher at DLR, Space Schneider SM, Amonette WE, Gerrits K (2009) Influence of vibra- Physiology Blazine K, Bentley J, Lee SM, Loehr tion resistance training on knee Research Topics JA, Moore AD, Jr., Rapley M, extensor and plantar flexor size, Mulder ER, Smith SM (2003) Train- strength, and contractile speed Development and testing of exer- ing with the International Space characteristics after 60 days of bed cise-related countermeasures for Station interim resistive exercise rest. J Appl Physiol 107: 1789- the protection against the adapta- device. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35: 1798. tions occurring under microgravity 1935-1945. conditions for the neuromuscular Mulder ER, Stegeman DF, Gerrits and the cardiovascular system Stegeman DF, Mulder ER, Gerrits KH, Rittweger J, Felsenberg D, De using ground-based simulation KH, Rittweger J, Felsenberg D, De Haan A (2008) Characteristics of models Haan A (2005) Peripherally and fast voluntary and electrically centrally induced electro- evoked isometric knee extensions Space Related Activities myographic changes in 8 weeks of during 56 days of bed rest with Member of the Dutch Investigator horizontal bed rest with and with- and without countermeasure. Eur Support Team during the 2004 out resistance exercise with con- J Appl Physiol 103: 431-40. current whole body vibration. J DELTA Mission of Dutch Astronaut Rittweger J, Bellar G, Armbrecht Gravit Physiol 12: 111-112. Andre Kuipers G, Mulder ER, Buehring B, Dimeo Member of the founding of the Mulder ER, Stegeman DF, Gerrits F, Schubert H, de Haan A, Platform Microgravity Nederland KH, Paalman MI, Rittweger J, Stegeman DF, Schiessl H, Felsen- Felsenberg D, De Haan A (2006) berg D (2010) Prevention of bone Projects scientist for the 2010 - Strength, size and activation of loss during 56 days of strict bed 2011 ESA-funded DLR-held short- knee extensors followed during 8 rest by side-alternating Resistive term bed rest study weeks of horizontal bed rest and Vibration Exercise. Bone 46: 137. the influence of a countermeasure.

SpaceLife 81

Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen

Dr. Corinna Panitz Universitätsklinikum Aachen Institut für Flugmedizin, Zent- rum für Medizin & Mobilität

Kullenhofstr. 52 52074 Aachen Germany

Phone: +49 241 80 88 723 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.ukaachen. de/content/institution/4125624

Scientific Career 1989 Diploma in Biology ADAPT and PROTECT on EXPOSE-E Rabbow E, Rettberg P, Panitz C, Drescher J, Horneck G (2005), 1993 PhD in Biology TRIPLE-LUX in Biolab, Columbus SSIOUX – Space Simulation for on ISS Professional Experience Investigating Organics, Evolution 1994- Educational work - two Coordinator for Ground Simula- and Exobiology. Adv Space Res 2000 children tion of all EXPOSE-R space experi- 36: 297-302. 2000- Scientific employee at the ments Rabbow E, Rettberg P, Baumstark- 2005 German Aerospace Center, Coordinator for of Rose Consorti- Khan C, Horneck G (2003) SOS- Cologne, Germany um and EVT and EST Program for LUX-LAC-FLUORO-Toxicity-test on 2005- Scientific employee at the EXPOSE-R space experiments the International Space Station present RWTH Aachen (ISS). Adv Space Res 31: 1513- SPORES on EXPOSE-R Selected 1524. Research Topics Publications: Exo/Astrobiology, Photobiology, Microbiology, Genetics, space De la Torre Noetzel R, Sancho LG, experiments. Pintado A, Rettberg P, Rabbow E, Panitz C, Deutschmann U, Reina

Space Related Activities: M, Horneck G (2007) BIOPAN PI for ESA Ground experiment experiment LICHENS on the Foton SSIOUX Candy M2 mission Pre-flight verification tests of the -granite ecosystem. Co-Investigator of Space experi- Adv Space Res 40: 1665-1671 ments: Cockell CS, Schuerger AC, Billi D, MARSTOX I and II on BIOPAN IV, V Friedmann EI, Panitz C (2005) and VI Effects of Simulated Martian UV Flux on the Cyanobacterium, Chroococcidiopsis sp. 029. Astro- biology 5 (2): 127-140.

Biological samples accommodated for EXPOSE-R EST

SpaceLife 82

German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Elke Rabbow Institute of Aerospace Medicine Radiation Biology Astro-/ Exobiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3146 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Coordinator for ESA Ground ex- Schulze-Varnholt D, Franz M, Reitz G (2006) SOS-LUX-Toxicity-Test on 1993 Diploma in Biology periment SSIOUX the International Space Station. 2000 PhD in Biology Coordinator for Ground Simula- Research in Microbiology, 157: 30- Professional Experience tion of all above space experi- 36. ments 1999- Scientific employee at the Rabbow E, Rettberg P, Panitz C, 2000 Project Management at DLR DFG-Project UV radiation and Drescher J, Horneck G (2005) 2000- Scientific employee at the Deinococcus radiodurans SSIOUX – Space Simulation for 2005 RWTH Aachen Coordinator for DLR :envihab Investigating Organics, Evolution Since- Scientific employee at the and Exobiology. Adv Space Res 2005 German Aerospace Center Selected Publications: 36: 297-302. Cologne, Germany Cockell CS, Rettberg P, Rabbow E, Rabbow E, Rettberg P, Baumstark- Research Topics Olsson-Francis K (2011) Exposure Khan C, Horneck G (2003) SOS- of phototrophs to 548 days in low LUX-LAC-FLUORO-Toxicity-test on Exo/Astrobiology, Photobiology, Earth orbit: microbial selection the International Space Station Microbiology, Genetics, space pressures in outer space and on (ISS). Adv Space Res 31: 1513- experiments. early earth. ISME J 5(10):1671-82 1524. Space Related Activities: Rabbow E, Horneck G, Rettberg P ESA Point of Contact/coordination et al. (2009) EXPOSE, an Astrobio- of EXPOSE on ISS logical Exposure Facility on the International Space Station - from PI for DFG-Project Impact II Proposal to Flight. Origins of Life Co-Investigator of Space experi- and Evolution of Biospheres 39(6): STS 122 lift off on February 7th, ments: 581-598. 2008 SURVIVAL I on BIOPAN III De la Torre Noetzel R, Sancho LG, Pintado A, Rettberg P, Rabbow E, MARSTOX I and II on BIOPAN IV, V Panitz C, Deutschmann U, Reina and VI M, Horneck G (2007) BIOPAN SPORES on EXPOSE-R experiment LICHENS on the Foton M2 mission Pre-flight verification TARDIS on BIOPAN VI tests of the granite ecosystem. ADAPT and PROTECT on EXPOSE-E Adv Space Res 40: 1665-1671.

TRIPLE-LUX in Biolab, Columbus Rabbow E, Stojicic N, Walrafen D, Baumstark-Khan C, Rettberg P, External payloads EuTEF and SO- on ISS LAR in the cargo bay of STS 122

SpaceLife 83 University of Regensburg

Prof. Dr. Reinhard Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie und Archaeenzentrum Rachel Universitätsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany

Phone: +49 941 943 2837 Fax: +49 941 943 2403 E-mail: reinhard.rachel@ biologie.uni-r.de Website: http://www.biologie.uni- regensburg.de/Mikrobio/Thomm/ Arbeitsgruppen/rachel.htm

Scientific Career Selected Publications: 1982 Diploma in Biology, Univer- Rachel R, Wyschkony, Riehl S, Prangishvili D, Vestergaard G, sity of Düsseldorf Huber H (2002) The ultrastructure Häring M, Aramayo R, Basta T, 1987 PhD at the Technical Uni- of Ignicoccus: evidence for a novel Rachel R, Garrett RA (2006) Struc- versity of Munich outer membrane and for intracel- tural and genomic properties of the hyperthermophilic archaeal Professional Experience lular vesicle budding in an archaeon. Archaea 1: 9-18. virus ATV with an extracellular 1987- PostDoc at the MPI for stage of the reproductive cycle. J 1988 Biochemistry, Munich Näther DJ, Rachel R, Wanner G, Mol Biol 359: 1203-1216. 1988- PostDoc at the MRC-LMB Wirth R (2006) The flagella of Paper W, Jahn U, Hohn MJ, Brandl 1990 in Cambridge, England Pyrococcus furiosus are multifunc- tional organelles, also serving for M, Näther DJ, Burghardt T, Rachel since- Permanent position at the R, Stetter KO, Huber H (2007) 1990 Institute for Microbiology, surface adhesion and cell-cell contacts. J Bacteriol 188: 6915-6923. Ignicoccus hospitalis sp. nov., the University of Regensburg, host of Nanoarchaeum equitans. Germany; group leader for Burghardt T, Näther DJ, Junglas B, Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57: 803- Ultrastructure and Electron Huber H, Rachel R (2007) The 808. Microscopy in Microbiology dominating outer membrane pro- since- Head of the Centre of tein of the hyperthermophilic Ar- 2004 Electron Microscopy chaeum Ignicoccus hospitalis: a novel pore-forming complex. Mol Research Topics Microbiol 63: 166-176. Structural characterization of hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bac- Häring M, Vestergaard G, Rachel teria R, Chen L, Garrett RA, Prangishvili Cell surface, membrane proteins D (2005) Independent virus devel- and Surface layer of extremophilic opment outside a host. Nature microorganisms 436: 1101-1102.

Cell-cell and cell-surface interaction of Archaea

Electron micrograph of an ultrathin section of Ignicoccus hospitalis

SpaceLife 84 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Günther Reitz Institute of Aerospace Medicine Radiation Biology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3137 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career ESA-Multiuser-Facility MA- 1972 Diploma in Physics Reitz G (2006) Past and future TROSHKA application of solid-state detectors 1990 PhD in Biophysics Principal Investigator: in manned spaceflight. Radiat Prot Professional Experience Dosim 120: 387-396. 1975- Scientific Employee, Dosimetric Mapping Experiments on EURECA I, D2, IML 1 & 2, Bio- Beaujean R, Burmeister S, Petersen 2004 Institute of Aerospace cosmos 9 & 10 missions, BIOPAN F, Reitz G (2005) Radiation expo- Medicine, DLR, Cologne flights, MIR92, EUROMIR94 & sure measurement onboard civil Since- Head of the Radiation EUROMIR 95 & on BIORACK Mis- aircraft. Radiat Prot Dosim 116: 2004 Biology Section sions on STS 76, 81 and 84 312-315. Awards: Biostack Experiments on IML2 and Dachev TP, Spurny F, Reitz G, D2 and BIOPAN Tomov BT, Dimitrov PG, Matvii- Scientific Award of DGLRM chuk YN (2005) Simultaneous Co-investigator: Research Topics investigation of galactic cosmic Biostack Experiments I, II, & III, in rays on aircrafts and on Interna- Radiation Protection and Dosime- "Advanced Biostack" Experiment tional Space Station. Adv Space try for human space flight and for on SL1 & IML1 & in "Free Flyer Res 36: 1665-1670. aircrew. Development and investi- Biostack" on EURECA; SL1 & D2 gation of the radiation detection Reitz G, Facius R, Bilski P, Olko P Experiments "Microorganisms"; properties of active and passive (2002) Investigation of Radiation Dosimetric Mapping" & "Carausi- radiation detectors. Organization Doses in Open Space using TLD us" in BIORACK in SL-D1, IML1 of ground based radiation inter- Detectors. Radiat Prot Dosim 100: calibration campaigns. Selected Publications: 533-536. Space Related Activities: Reitz G, Berger T (2006) The MA- Reitz G (2001) Neutron dosimetric TROSHKA Facility – Dose determi- measurements in shuttle and MIR. Project manager: nation during an EVA. Radiat Prot Radiat Meas 33: 341-346. SL1 experiment Microorganisms Dosim 120: 442-445. Free Flyer Biostack on LDEF Reitz G, Beaujean R, Benton E, Burmeister S, Dachev T, Deme S et Payload element Radiation on D2 al. (2005) Space Radiation Meas- Dosimetry Mapping in US Lab urements onboard ISS – The Dos- map Experiment. Radiat Prot Dosim 116: 374-379.

MATROSHKA

SpaceLife 85 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Petra Rettberg Institute of Aerospace Medicine Radiation Biology Astro-/ Exobiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 4637 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career Research Topics Rettberg P (2011) Growth phase- dependent UV-C resistance of 1977- Study of Chemistry, Ruhr- Exo/Astrobiology, Photobiology, Bacillus subtilis: data from a short- 1983 Universität Bochum, Microbiology, Genetics, space term evolution experiment. Arch Germany experiments. 1983- Dissertation (Dr. rer. nat.), Microbiol 193(11): 823-32. Space Related Activities: 1988 Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Beblo K, Douki T, Schmalz G, Ra- Germany Co-Investigator of the following chel R, Wirth R, Huber H, Reitz G, international space experiments: Rettberg P (2011) Survival of Professional Experience thermophilic and hyperthermo- SURVIVAL II on BIOPAN I and II 1988 Scholar of the Max Planck- philic microorganisms after expo- Society SURVIVAL I on BIOPAN III, UVRAD sure to UV-C, ionizing radiation 1988- Head of the research group of the mission D-2 and desiccation. Arch Microbiol 1992 ‘Radiation Biology’, Max- 193(11): 797-809. REPAIR of the mission IML-2 Planck-Institute for Radia- Rettberg P, Fritze D, Verbarg S, tion Chemistry, Mülheim, KINETICS of the mission IML-2 Nellen J, Horneck G, Stackebrandt Germany UVE of the mission Mir’97 E, Kminek G (2006) Determination 1993- Junior research scientist, of the microbial diversity of space- EXOBIOLOGIE of the mission PER- 1995 ‘Radiation Biology’, craft assembly, testing & launch SEUS, HighRad of the FOTON M-3 DLR, Institute of Aerospace facilities: First results of the ESA mission), Lithopanspermia of the Medicine, Radiation Biolo- project MiDiv. Adv Space Res 38: FOTON M-3 mission, PROTECT gy, Köln, Germany 1260-1265. 1996 Head of the research group since 2008 on the ISS, SPORES present ‘Photo- & Exobiology’, (2008 on the ISS), UREY (2013, Rettberg P, Rabbow E, Panitz C, DLR, Institute of Aerospace ExoMars) Horneck G (2004) Biological space experiments for the simulation of Medicine, Radiation Biolo- Principal Investigator of the follow- Martian conditions: UV radiation gy, Köln, Germany ing international space experi- and Martian soil analogues. Adv ments: Awards: Space Res 33(8): 1294-1301. 2001 DLR-Competition of Vi- MARSTOX I of the mission FOTON Pogoda de la Vega U, Rettberg P, sions, 2. Place M-2, MARSTOX II on the FOTON Douki T, Cadet J, Horneck G M-3 mission, ADAPT since 2008 1999 Poster award, symposium (2005) Sensitivity to polychromatic on the ISS Biosensors for Environ- UV-radiation of strains of Dein- mental Monitoring: Re- TRIPLELUX (2009 on the ISS) ococcus radiodurans differing in sponse to New Analytical their DNA repair capacity. Int J Selected Publications Demands, Paris Radiat Biol 81: 601-611. Wassmann M, Moeller R, Reitz G,

SpaceLife 86 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Prof. Dr. Jörn Institute of Aerospace Medicine Rittweger Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany Phone: +49 2203 601 3080 Fax: +49 2203 611 59

E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific career Research Topics: Dimeo F, Schubert H, de Haan A, Stegeman DF, Schiessl H, Felsen- 1990 Graduation in Medicine Effects of training, immobilization berg D (2010) Prevention of bone 1992 Medical Thesis and ageing upon the human mus- loss during 56 days of strict bed 2000 Approbation culoskeletal system rest by side-alternating resistive 2005 Habilitation Vibration exercise vibration exercise. Bone 46(1): 137-147. Gravitational physiology Professional Experience Rittweger J, Frost H, Schiessl H, Biomechanics of the muscle-bone 1991- Postdoc, Institute of Ohshima H, Alkner B, Tesch P, unit & Skeletal maturation 1996 Physiology, Free University Felsenberg D (2005) Muscle atro- Berlin, Germany Space related activities phy and bone loss after 90 days 1996- University assistant (C1), bed restand the effects of flywheel Long Term Bed Rest study , exercise and pamidronate: Results 2003 Institute of Physiology, Free Tolouse (2001-2003) University Berlin, Germany from the LTBR study. Bone 36(6): 1019-1029. 2001- Principle Investigator in Berlin Bed Rest study (2002-2004) 2003 the Long-Term Bed Rest Unilateral Lower Limb Suspension Rittweger J, Winwood K, Seynnes Study, Toulouse, France study, Manchester (2005) O, de Boer M, Wilks DC, Lea R, 2002- Scientific coordinator in Rennie MJ, Narici M (2006) Bone Valdoltra Bed Rest studies, Slove- 2004 Institute of Physiology, the loss from the human distal tibia nia (2007 & 2008) 1st Berlin Bed Rest study epiphysis during 24 days of unilat- 2003- Reader in Human Selected Publications eral lower limb suspension. J Phys- iol 577(1): 331-337. 2006 Physiology, IRM Research Rittweger J, Belavy D, Hunek P, Institute, Manchester Met- Gast U, Boerst B, Feilcke B, Arm- Rittweger J, Felsenberg D (2009) ropolitan University, United brecht G, Mulder E, Schubert H, Recovery of muscle atrophy and Kingdom Richardson C, de Haan A, bone loss from 90 days bed rest: 2003- Professor in Clinical Stegeman DF, Schiessl H, Felsen- Results from the LTBR study. Bone Physiology, IRM Research berg D (2006) Highly demanding 44(2): 214-224. Institute, Manchester Met- Resistive Vibration Exercise pro- Rittweger J, Simunic B, Bilancio G, ropolitan University, United gram is tolerated during 56 days de Santo NG, Cirillo M, Biolo G, Pi- Kingdom of strict bed-rest. Int J Sports Me- sot R, Eiken O, Mekjavic I, Narici M dicine 27(7): 553-559. (2009) Bone loss in the lower leg during 35 days of bed rest is pre- Awards: Rittweger J, Beller G, Armbrecht G, Mulder E, Buehring B, Gast U, dominantly from the cortical com- 1999 Supervisor of best medical partment. Bone 44(4): 612-618. thesis, Free University Berlin

SpaceLife 87 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Dr. Luis Fernando Institute of Aerospace Medicine Spitta Radiation Biology Cellular Biodiagnostics

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3177 E-mail: [email protected]

Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career 2006- MSc. in Biology with bio- Deputy Coordinator of SpaceLife Spitta L (2006) Aktivierung NF-kB- abhängiger Genexpression durch medical applies at the Uni- Selected Publications versity of Applied Sciences beschleunigte leichte und schwere Hellweg C, Baumstark-Khan C, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg Ionen. Institut für Luft- und Raum- Spitta L., Franz M, Schulze- 2012 PhD in molecular biomedi- fahrtmedizin des Deutschen Zent- Varnholt D, Reitz G (2008). The cine (University of Bonn) rums für Luft und Raumfahrt Space Experiment CERASP: Defini- (DLR); University of Applied Sci- Professional Experience tion of a space-suited radiation ence Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Depart- 2007- Scientific employee in the source and growth conditions for ment of Natural Sciences. Master 2012 Life & Medical Sciences human cells. Acta Astronautica of Science in Biology. Institute of the University of 63:906-914.

Bonn – Membrane Bio- Hellweg CE, Spitta L, Arenz A, chemistry Laboratory Bogner SC, Ruscher R, Baumstark- Since- DLR, Institute of Khan C, Greif K-D,Giesen U 2012 Aerospace Medicine, De- (2007). Transcriptional response of partment Radiation Biology, human cells to microbeam irradia- Cologne, Germany tion with 2.1 MeV α-particles. Advances in Space Research 39: Research Topics 1056-1065. Plasma membrane (PM) of cells, Zilly FE, Halemani ND, Walrafen D, ionizing radiation effects, heavy Spitta L, Schreiber A, Jahn R, Lang ion radiation, reorganization (of T (2011) Ca2+ induces clustering of proteins) on PM upon different membrane proteins in the plasma irradiation; repair mechanisms of membrane via electrostatic interac- the plasma membrane after irradi- tions. EMBO J 30(7):1209–1220. ation; visualization/micros-copy of the changes after irradiation of PM Spitta L (2012) Phosphatidyl- choline is organized in long-lived Space Related Activities platforms in native membranes. Ground-based radiobiological Membrane Biochemistry Laborato- studies at the heavy ion accelera- ry. Life and Medical Sciences Insti- tors GANIL (Caen, France) and at tute (LIMES) and Department of Preparation of plasma membrane the Physikalisch-Technische Bun- Natural Sciences of the University sheets and microscopic analysis desanstalt (PTB) microbeam of Bonn. Thesis for the doctoral (Braunschweig, Germany) degree (Dr. rer. nat).

SpaceLife 88 University of Regensburg

Prof. Dr. Michael Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie und Thomm Archaeenzentrum Institut für Biochemie, Genetik und Mikrobiologie

Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany

Phone: +49 941 943 3160 E-mail: Michael.Thomm@ biologie.uni-r.de Website:www.biologie.uni- Regensburg.de/Mikrobio/Thomm/

Scientific Career Research Topics 1980 Dipl.-Biol. (Master of Sci- Mechanism of transcription in Pyrococcus furiosus. Mol Microbi- ence), Univ. of Munich Archaea; ol 64(6): 1499-1505. 1983 Dr. rer. nat. (Ph.D.), Univ. of Etzel K, Huber H, Rachel R, Regensburg (Microbiology) Regulation of transcription in Ar- chaea and Eukarya; Schmalz G, Thomm M, Depmeier 1988 Dr. rer. nat. habil., Univ. of W (2007) Pyrite surface alteration Regensburg (Microbiology) Microbiology of methanogenes of synthetic single crystals as effect and of hyperthermophiles; Professional Experience of microbial activity and crystallo- graphic orientation. Advanced 1983 Postdoctoral fellow at the Head of fermentation facility (11 Materials Research, 20-21: 350- 1988 University of Regensburg fermenters - Archaecenter Re- 353. (Prof. Dr. Karl O. Stetter) gensburg) 1988 Research assistant at the Space Related Activities: Lee SJ, Surma M, Seitz S, Hausner 1991 University of Regensburg W, Thomm M, Boos W (2007) Department of Microbiolo- Cultivation of chemolithotrophic Characterization of the TrmB-like gy microorganisms which are only protein, PF0124, a TGM- dependent upon the presence of 1991- Christian-Albrechts- recognizing global transcriptional water and volcanic gases like hy- 2002 University of Kiel: Full pro- regulator of the hyperthermophilic drogen, CO2 and H2S fessor of Microbiology, archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. Head of the Institute of Selected Publications: Mol Microbiol 65(2): 305-318. General Microbiology Liu W, Vierke G, Wenke A-K, Grünberg S, Bartlett MS, Naji S, Since- University of Regensburg, Thomm M, Ladenstein R (2007) Thomm M (2007) Transcription 2002 Germany: Full professor of Crystal structure of the archaeal factor E is a part of transcription Microbiology, Head of the heat shock regulator from Pyro- elongation complexes. J Biol Department of Microbiolo- coccus furiosus: A molecular chi- Chem 282(49): 35482-35490. gy & Archaeencenter mera representing eukaryal and Micorescu M, Grünberg S, Franke bacterial features. J Mol Bio. 369: A, Cramer P, Thomm M, Bartlett 474-488. M (2008) Archaeal transcription: Lee SJ, Surma M, Seitz S, Hausner function of an alternative tran- W, Thomm M, Boos W (2007) scription factor B from Pyrococcus Differential signal transduction via furiosus. J Bacteriol 190(1): 157- TrmB, a sugar sensing transcrip- 167. tional repressor of

SpaceLife 89 Otto-von-Guericke University (OvGU) Magdeburg and University of Zurich, Switzerland

Institute of Mechanical Engi- Prof. Hon.-Prof. Dr. Dr. neering, OvGU Magdeburg Oliver Ullrich Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg, Germany Phone: +49 391 67 18522 Fax: +49 391 67 12595 E-mail: [email protected]

Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich, Switzerland Phone: +41 44 63 55310 E-mail: oliver.ullrich@anatom.

uzh.ch Vice Director of the Insti- Scientific Career Advisor GoSpace Industrial Pro- tute of Immunology, Medi- gram (DLR), responsible for the 1989 Study of Medicine, Free cal Faculty, OvGU Magde- Life Sciences 1996 University Berlin, Germany burg, Germany 1990 Study of Biochemistry, Free Since- Full Professor & Chair, Editorial Board Member “Flugme- 1994 University Berlin, Germany 2007 Faculty of Medicine, Univer- dizin Tropenmedizin Reisemedizin“ 1996 Fellow of the Ernst- Sche- sity of Zurich, Switzerland & Selected Publications 1998 ring-Research Foundation & Adjunct Full Professor of Junior House Officer, Medi- Space Biotechnology, OvGU Thiel CS, Paulsen K, Bradacs G, cal Faculty Charité, Hum- Magdeburg Lust K, Tauber S, Dumrese C, et boldt-University Berlin, al., Ullrich O (2012) Rapid altera- Germany Research Topics tions of cell cycle control proteins 1998 Doctor of Medicine (Dr. Immunology, Neuroimmunology, in human T lymphocytes in micro- med.), Humboldt-University Gravitational Biology, Signal gravity. Cell Communi-cation and Berlin, Germany Transduction Signaling 10: 1. 1998 Doctor of Biochemistry (Dr. Space Related Activities Studer M, Bradacs G, Hilliger A, rer. nat.), Free University Hürlimann E, Engeli S, Thiel C, Academician of the International Berlin, Germany Zeitner P, Denier B, Binggeli M, Academy of Astronautics (IAA) 2002 Habilitation (Anatomy and Syburra T, Egli M, Engelmann F, Cell Biology) Head of Space Medicine / Space Ullrich O (2011) Parabolic maneu- Life Sciences, German Society for vers of the Swiss Air Force fighter Professional Experience Aerospace Medicine jet F5-E as a new research plat- 1998- Research Associate, Dept. Principal Investigator: form for cell culture experiments in 1999 Cell- and Neurobiology, ISS-projects TRIPLE LUX A and microgravity. Acta Astronautica Institute of Anatomy, Medi- FARAGIS 68 (11-12): 1729-1741. cal Faculty Charité, Hum- Sounding rocket missions TEXUS- boldt-University Berlin Ullrich O. Thiel C. (2011) Gravita- 49, MASER-12 and TEXUS-50/51 tional force – triggered stress in 2000- Research Group Leader, 12 Parabolic Flight Projects during 2002 Institute of Anatomy, Medi- cells of the immune system. In: 10 Parabolic Flight Campaigns Stress Challenges and Immunity in cal Faculty Charité, Hum- German-Chinese SIM- boldt-University Berlin Space (Springer, Heidelberg, Ger- BOX/SHENZHOU-8 space mission many), 187-202. 2002- Assistant Professor, Scientific Advisor ISS Project IM- 2003 Medical Faculty Charité, MUNOLAB (DLR) Horn A, Ullrich O, Huber K, Hem- Humboldt-University Berlin mersbach R (2011) PMT Photomul- ESA Topical Team Member "Large 2003- University Professor of tiplier Clinostat. Microgravity Sci- Radius Human Centrifuge” 2007 Molecular Immunology & ence and Technology 23(1): 67-71.

SpaceLife 90 Christian-Albrechts-Universität (CAU) zu Kiel

Prof. Dr. Robert F. Mathematisch- Wimmer- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät Institut für Experimentelle und Schweingruber Angewandte Physik (IEAP) Leibnizstr. 11 24098 Kiel Germany

Phone: +49 431 880 3964 E-mail: [email protected] kiel.de Website: http://www.ieap.uni- kiel.de/et/ag-wimmer/index.php

Scientific Career Research Topics 1983 Studies in Physics, Solar and heliospheric physics, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, 1991 University of Bern, planetology, radiation detection Crooker NU, Balogh A, Bothmer V, Switzerland Forsyth RJ, Gazis P, Gosling JT, Space Related Activities 1991 Diploma in Theoretical Horbury T, Kilchenmann A, Rich- Physics Co-Investigator of instruments on ardson I, Richardson J, Riley P, 1994 PhD in Experimental Physics numerous space missions Rodriguez L, von Steiger R, Wurz P, Zurbuchen TH (2006) Under- 2001 Habilitation in Experimental Co-Principal Investigator for Solar standing Interplanetary Coronal Physics Orbiter / EPD Mass Ejections Signatures. Space Professional Experience Principal Investigator for Sci Rev 123: 177-216. 1995- Postdoc, University of LEO/RadMo 1996 Maryland, College Park, Selected Publications MD, USA 1996- Research Fellow, University Wimmer-Schweingruber RF (2005) 2001 of Bern, Switzerland Interplanetary Disturbances. In: Space Weather: The Physics Be- 2001- Senior Scientist (Oberas- hind a Slogan. Scherer K et al. 2002 sistent), University of Bern, (eds), Springer, Berlin, Lect Notes Switzerland, teaching at Phys 656: 71-129. university level Since University professor at Bochsler P, Moebius E, Wimmer- 2002 the IEAP, University of Schweingruber RF (2006) On the Kiel, Germany velocity distributions of dust- 2004- 2-year term as executive related inner-source pickup ions. 2006 director of the IEAP Geophys Res Lett, 33, L06102, doi:10.1029/2005GL025178.

Wimmer-Schweingruber RF (2006) Coronal Mass Ejections. Space Sci Rev 123: 471-480.

DOSTEL on EuTEFF in STS-122 Cargo Bay

SpaceLife 91 University of Regensburg

Prof. Dr. Reinhard Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie und Archaeenzentrum Wirth Universitätsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany´

Phone: +49 941 943 1825 E-mail: Reinhard.Wirth@ Biologie.Uni-Regensburg.de Website: http://www.biologie.uni-

regensburg.de/Mikrobio/Thomm/ Arbeitsgruppen/wirth.htm

Scientific Career Space Related Activities 1976 Dipl.-Biol., University of ESA project „Communities of ar- Siebert K, Busl M, Asmus I, Freund Regensburg cheae and specific bacterial com- J, Muscholl-Silberhorn A, Wirth R 1980 Dr. rer. nat., University of munities on spacecrafts and in (2004) Evaluation of Methods for Regensburg their clean room environment” Storage of Marine Macroorgan- 1989 Dr. rer. nat. habil., Universi- isms with Optimal Recovery of Selected Publications ty of Munich Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol Wirth R, Bellack A, Bertl M et al. 70: 5912-5915. Professional Experience (2011) The Mode of Cell Wall Francia MV, Haas W, Wirth R, 1980- Postdoctoral fellow at the Growth in Selected Archaea Is Samberger E, Muscholl-Silberhorn 1983 University of Munich, Similar to the General Mode of A, Gilmore MS, Ike Y, Weaver KE, Germany Cell Wall Growth in Bacteria as An FY, Clewell DB (2001) Comple- 1983- Postdoctoral fellow at the Revealed by Fluorescent Dye Anal- tion of the Nucleotide Sequence of 1985 University of Michigan, Ann ysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 77(5): the Enterococcus faecalis Conjuga- Arbor, USA, Prof. Don 1556-1562. Clewell tive Virulence Plasmid pAD1 and Anderson I, Wirth R, Lucas S et al. Identification of a Second Transfer 1985- Research assistant at the (2011) Complete genome se- Origin. Plasmid 46: 112-117. 1994 University of Munich, quence of Staphylothermus helle- Germany nicus P8(T). Standards in Genomic Since- Professor (C3) at the Sciences 5(1): 12-20. 1994 University of Regensburg, Germany Thoma C, Frank M, Rachel R, Schmid S, Näther D, Wanner G, Research Topics Wirth R (2008) The Mth60 fimbri- Cell surface appendages (flagellae, ae of Methanothermobacter ther- fimbriae and pili) of Archeae and moautotrophicus are functional their role in adhesion, motility, adhesins. Environ. Microbiol 10: biofilm formation, etc. 2785-2795. Schopf S, Wanner G, Rachel R, Wirth R (2008) An Archaeal Bi- species Biofilm Formed by Pyro- coccus furiosus and Methanopyrus Pyrococcus furiosus binds by fla- kandleri. Arch Microbiol 190(3): gella to grains of sand in its biotop 371-377.

SpaceLife 92 German Aerospace Center (DLR)

PD Dr. Jochen Zange Institute of Aerospace Medicine Space Physiology

Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany

Phone: +49 2203 601 3456 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.dlr.de/me/

Scientific Career 1985 Diploma in Biology Development of non-invasive Vorgerd M, Zange J (2002) Carbo- 1990 PhD in Natural Sciences methods for research in applied hydrate oxidation disorders of (Biology) human physiology and for diagno- skeletal muscle. Curr Opin Clin. sis of muscle diseases. Nutr Metab Care 5(6): 611-617. 2006 Habilitation in Human Phys- iology Space Related Activities Zange J, Kornblum C, Müller K, Kurtscheid S, Heck H, Schröder R, Professional Experience PI: EuroMir '94, '95, ´95E, and MIR ’97, ‘97E. Grehl T, Vorgerd M (2002). Crea- 1988- Postdoc, Max-Planck- CoI ESA-MAP-Med30 tine supplementation results in 1990 Institute for System ESA Topical Team Member: elevated phosphocreatine Physiology, Dortmund, “Skeletal Muscle” and “Artificial /adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Germany Gravity” ratios in the calf muscle of athletes 1990- Postdoc, Institute of but not in patients with myopa- 1991 Animal Physiology, Selected Publications thies. Ann Neurol 52(1): 126-127. Heinrich-Heine-Universität Zange J, Beisteiner M, Müller K, Düsseldorf, Germany Zange J, Müller K, Schuber M, Shushakov V, Maassen N (2008) Wackerhage H, Hoffmann U, Gün- Since Researcher at the Institute Energy metabolism in intensively ther RW, Adam G, Neuerburg JM, 1991 of Aerospace Medicine, exercising calf muscle under a Sinitsyn VE, Bacharev AO, Beli- Cologne, current position: simulated orthostasis. Pflügers chenko OI (1997) Changes in calf Head of subdivision Arch 455(6): 1153-1163. muscle performance, energy me- ‘Integrative Muscle Physiol- tabolism, and muscle volume ogy’ Narici MV, Zange J, & Di Prampero PE (2007) Physiological Targets of caused by long term stay on space Research Topics Artificial Gravity: The Neuromuscu- station Mir. Int J Sports Med 18: S308-S309. Physiology and pathophysiology of lar System. In: Artificial Gravity, human skeletal muscle. Develop- eds. Clement G & Bukley A, pp. ment and testing of countermeas- 163-190. Springer, New York. ures and therapies against muscle Zange J, Grehl T, Disselhorst-Klug weakness. C, Rau G, Müller K, Schröder R, Tegenthoff M, Malin JP, Vorgerd M (2003) Breakdown of adenine nucleotide pool in fatiguing skeletal muscle in McArdle’s disease: a non-invasive 31P MRS and EMG study. Muscle Nerve 27(6): 728- 736.

SpaceLife 93

Profiles of the Associated

Partners

SpaceLife 94 Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU)

Dr. Maik Böhmer Institute for Biology and Bio- technology of Plants

Schlossplatz 4 48149 Münster Germany

Phone: ++49 83 24841 E-mail: m.boehmer@uni- muenster.de Website: www.uni-muenster. de/ Biologie.IBBP/agboehmer/

Scientific Career Selected Publications 2002 Diploma in Biology, Philipps Böhmer M, Colby T, Böhmer C, Böhmer M, Schroeder JI (2011) Universität, Marburg Bräutigam A, Schmidt J, Bölker M Quantitative transcriptomic analy- 2005 PhD in Biology, MPI for (2007) Proteomic analysis of di- sis of abscisic acid-induced and Plant Breeding Research, morphic transition in the phyto- reactive oxygen species-dependent Cologne pathogenic fungus Ustilago expression changes and proteomic maydis. Proteomics, 7(5): 675- profiling in Arabidopsis suspension Professional Experience 685. cells. Plant J, 67(1): 105-118. 2006 Postdoctoral fellow, MPI for Plant Breeding Research, Böhmer M, Romeis T (2007) A Kim T-H, Hauser F, Ha T, Xue S, Cologne chemical-genetic approach to Böhmer M, Nishimura N, Mun- 2006 Postdoctoral fellow, Univ. elucidate protein kinase function emasa S, Hubbard K, Peine N, Lee of California, San Diego in planta. Plant MolBiol, 65(6): B-h et al (2011) Chemical Genetics 2011- Independent Group leader, 817-827. Reveals Negative Regulation of Westfälische Wilhelms- Abscisic Acid Signaling by a Plant Universität, Münster Hu H, Boisson-Dernier A, Is- Immune Response Pathway. Cur- raelsson-Nordstroem M, Böhmer rent Biology, 21(11): 990-997. Research Topics M, Xue S, Ries A, Godoski J, Kuhn Our primary research focus is to JM, Schroeder JI (2010) Carbonic Sawinski K, Mersmann S, Robatzek understand how plant signaling is anhydrases are upstream regula- S, Böhmer M (2013) Guarding the regulated in response to unfavor- tors of CO2-controlled stomatal green: Pathways to stomatal im- able environments, including mi- movements in guard cells. Nature munity. Mol Plant-Microbe Inter- crogravity, drought and patho- Cell Biology, 12(1):87-U234. act, in press. gens. We measure quantitative changes in the proteome, trans- Kim TH, Böhmer M, Hu H, Nishi- criptome and metabolome of Ara- mura N, Schroeder JI (2010) Guard bidopsis thaliana. The goal of cell signal transduction network: these projects is to understand advances in understanding abscisic 2+ how these stresses are perceived acid, CO2, and Ca signaling. and what the nature of the early Annu Rev Plant Biol, 61: 561-591. signaling processes is.

SpaceLife 95 Philipps-Universität Marburg

Univ.-Prof. Dr. Erhard Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology Bremer Karl-von-Frisch Strasse 8 D-35043 Marburg Germany

Phone: +49 6421 2821529 E-mail: [email protected] marburg.de Website: http://www.uni- marburg.de/fb17/fachgebiete/ mikrobio/molmibi

Scientific Career Honors Selected Publications 1980 Diploma in Biology, Univer- 2000- Speaker of the Steil L, Hoffmann T, Budde I, Völk- sity of Tübingen, Germany 2007- Collaborative Research er U, Bremer E (2003) Genome- 1982 Dr. rer. nat (Biology), Uni- Center for "Soil Microbiol- wide transcriptional profiling anal- versity of Tübingen, Ger- ogy" (SFB 395) ysis of adaptation of Bacillus sub- many 2009- Vice-Dean of the tilis to high salinity. J Bacteriol 1989 Habilitation in Microbiology 2011 Department of Biology, 185: 6358-6370. and Genetics, University of University of Marburg, Hoffmann T, Boiangiou C, Moses Konstanz, Germany Germany S, Bremer E (2008) Responses of 2011 Elected as member of the Professional Experience Bacillus subtilis to hypotonic chal- "European Academy of Mi- lenges: physiological contributions 1990- Assistant Professor (C-2; crobiology" (EAM) 1992 Microbiology), University of of mechanosensitive channels to Konstanz, Germany Research Topics cellular survival. Appl Environ Microbiol 74: 2454-2460. 1992- Head (C-3) of the group Stress responses of the soil bacte- 1995 "Osmoregulation" at the rium Bacillus subtilis to changing Hoffmann T and Bremer E (2011) Max Planck Institute for ter- osmolarity Cold stress protection of Bacillus restrial Microbiology, Mar- subtilis via compatible solute ac- Biosynthetic pathway for the com- burg, Germany quisition. J Bacteriol 193: 1552- patible soluts ectoin and hydroxy- 1993- Adjunct Professor 1562. ectoine in Bacilli 1995 (Microbiology) at the Dept. Pittelkow M and Bremer E (2011) of Biology, University of Transcriptional profiling of Bacillus Cellular adjustments of Bacillus Marburg, Germany subtilis in response to salt- and subtilis and other Bacilli to fluctu- chill-stress Since Full professor (C-4) of ating salinities. In: Halophiles and 1995- Microbiology and Head of X-Ray crytallographic studies of Hypersaline Environments: Cur. the Laboratory for Molecu- ligand-binding proteins for com- Res. and Future Trends. Eds. A. lar Microbiology at the patible solutes and enzymes in- Ventosa et al., Springer, Berlin; 1st Dept. of Biology, University volved in compatible solute syn- Edition, pp. 275-302. of Marburg, Germany thesis

SpaceLife 96 Freie Universität (FU) Berlin

Univ.-Prof. Dr. Leo Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin Klinik und Poliklinik für Kleine Brunnberg Haustiere

Oertzenweg 19 b 14163 Berlin Germany Phone: +49 30 838 62356 E-mail: brunnberg@vetmed. fu-berlin.de Website: http://www.vetmed. fu-berlin.de/einrichtungen/ kli- niken/we20/index.html

Research Topics Selected Publications Pathogenesis and Therapy of Os- Nordhoff M, Rühe B, Kellermeier Forterre F, Fritsch G, Kaiser S, Ma- teoarthritis in Dogs C, Moter A, Schmitz R, Brunnberg tiasek K, Brunnberg L (2006) Sur- L, Wieler LH (2008) Association of gical approach for tentorial men- Experimental Surgery Treponema spp. with canine peri- ingiomas in cats: a review of six Neurosurgery: Herniated Vertebral odontitis. Veterinary Microbiology cases. Journal of Feline Medicine Disc 127(3-4): 334-342. and Surgery 8 (4): 227 – 233. Orthopedics: New methods of Ottenjann M, Lübke-Becker A, Forterre F, Kaiser S, Garner M, fracture care Linzmann H, Brunnberg L, Kohn B Stadie B, Matiasek K, Schmahl W, (2008) Pyothorax bei 26 Katzen Brunnberg L (2006)Synovial cysts Klinik, Labordiagnostik und Thera- associated with cauda equina syn- pie (2000-2007). Berliner und drome in two dogs. Veterinary Münchener Tierärztliche Wochen- Surgery 35(1): 30-33. schrift 121 (9/10): 365-373. Forterre S, Raila J, Forterre F, Walther B, Wieler LH, Friedrich Brunnberg L, Schweigert FJ (2006) AW, Hanssen AM, Kohn B, Brunn- Characterisation of transthyretin berg L, Lübke-Becker A (2008) and retinol-binding protein in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococ- plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of cus aureus (MRSA) isolated from dogs. Veterinary Journal 171 (3): small and exotic animals at a uni- 451-455. versity hospital during routine Forterre S, Raila J, Kohn B, Brun- microbiological examinations. nberg L, Schweigert FJ (2006) Veterinary Microbiology 127(1-2): Protein profiling of organic stone 171-178. matrix and urine from dogs with Brunnberg L (2007) Experimentelle urolithiasis. Journal of Animal interdisziplinäre Chirurgie in der Physiology and Animal Nutrition klinischen Forschung für Tier und 90: 192-199. Mensch. Nova Acta Leopoldina NF 95 (353): 183-191.

SpaceLife 97 Department of General Microbiology, University of Göttingen

Dr. Fabian M. Com- Institute for Microbiology and michau Genetics Department of General Micro- biology Grisebachstr. 8 37077 Göttingen Germany

Phone: ++49 551 39 33796 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://genmibio.uni-

goettingen.de

Scientific Career Stannek et al. (2015) Factors that Moeller, DLR, Cologne, Germany 2003 Diploma in Biology mediate and prevent degradation Principal Investigator 2006 PhD in Microbiology of the inactive and unstable GudB Control of glutamate metabolism protein in Bacillus subtilis. Front Professional Experience in the model bacterium Bacillus Microbiol 5: 758. 2006-2008 PostDoc Göttingen subtilis University Rosenberg et al. (2015) Structural 2008-2009 PostDoc Basel Universi- Molecular mechanisms underlying and biochemical analysis of the ty genome instability in bacteria essential diadenylate cyclase CdaA from Listeria monocytogenes. J 2009-2011 R&D strain develop- Biol Chem 290: 6596-6606. ment DSM Kaiseraugst (CH) The function of the novel second 2011- Research group leader, messenger cyclic di-AMP in the Dormeyer et al. (2015) A novel Göttingen Universtiy human pathogen Listeria mono- engineering tool in the Bacillus cytogenes Awards subtilis toolbox. Microbiology 161: 354-361. 2004, Springorum-Denkmünze, Co-investigator RWTH Aachen Commichau et al. (2014) Overex- Minibacillus: construction of a pression of a non-native deox- minimal organism on the basis of 2007, Price for outstanding yxylulose-dependent vitamin B6 Bacillus subtilis achievement in science, 14th Int. pathway in Bacillus subtilis for the Conf. of Gram+ bacteria, Pisa production of pyridoxine. Metab Selected Publications Eng 2014, Max-Buchner- Forschungsstiftung, Dechema e.V. Commichau et al. (2015) Engineer- Gunka, K., Commichau, F. M. ing Bacillus subtilis for the conver- (2012) Control of glutamate ho- Research Topics sion of the antimetabolite 4- meostasis in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Protein complexes, protein-protein hydroxy-l-threonine to pyridoxine. Microbiol 85: 213-224. interactions, gene regulation, DNA Metab Eng. PMID 25777134. repair mechanisms, essential Stannek et al. (2015) Evidence for genes, minimal genome, gluta- synergistic control of glutamate mate homeostasis, pathogenesis biosynthesis by glutamate dehy- of Listeria, physiology, biotechnol- drogenases and glutamate in Bacil- ogy, microbial evolution lus subtilis. Environ Microbiol.

Space Related Activities PMID 25711804. Collaboration with Dr. Ralf Evolving Bacillus

SpaceLife 98

Universität zu Köln

Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jürgen University of Cologne Institute for Genetics Dohmen Zülpicherstr. 47 50674 Köln Germany

Phone: +49 221 470 4862 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.genetik.uni- koeln.de/groups/Dohmen/

Scientific Career Research Topics Marques AJ, Glanemann C, Ramos 1985 Diploma in Microbiology, Selective Ubiquitin-mediated pro- PC, and Dohmen RJ (2007) The C- Heinrich-Heine-University in teolysis Düsseldorf, Germany terminal extension of the β7 subu- 1989 Dr. rer. nat. (Microbiology), Assembly and maturation of the nit and activator complexes stabi- Heinrich-Heine-University in proteasome lize nascent 20S proteasomes and promote their maturation. J Biol Düsseldorf, Germany Protein modification by conjuga- Chem 282: 34869-34876. 1998 Habilitation in Microbiolo- tion of the small ubiquitin-related gy, Heinrich-Heine- modifier SUMO Uzunova K, Göttsche K, Miteva M, University in Düsseldorf, Weisshaar SR, Glanemann, Ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic Germany Schnellhardt M, Niessen MC, control of SUMO conjugates Scheel H, Hoffmann K, Johnson Professional Experience Selected Publications ES, Praefcke GJK and Dohmen RJ 1989- Postdoc, Massachusetts (2007) Ubiquitin-dependent Prote- Schnellhardt M, Uzunova K, Bade 1992 Institute of Technology, (Dr. olytic control of SUMO conjugates. VN, Krause A, Weisshaar SR, A. Varshavsky), Cell Biology J Biol Chem 282: 34167-34175. 1992- Research Fellow in Praefcke GJ, Dohmen RJ (2012) 1994 Biology, California Institute Analysis of cellular SUMO and Palanimurugan R, Scheel H, Hof- of Technology (Dr. A. Var- SUMO-ubiquitin hybrid conju- mann K, and Dohmen RJ (2004) shavsky), Cell Biology gates. Methods Mol Biol 832: 81- Polyamines regulate their synthesis 92. by inducing expression and block- 1994- Group leader in BMBF ing degradation of ODC antizyme. 1999 priority program, Heinrich- Matias AC, Ramos PC, Dohmen RJ EMBO J 23: 4857-4867. Heine-Universität Düssel- (2010) Chaperone-assisted assem- dorf, Cell Biology, Biotech- bly of the proteasome core parti- Ramos PC, Höckendorff J, Johnson nology cle. Biochem Soc Trans 38(Pt 1): E, Varshavsky A, and Dohmen RJ Since- Professor of Genetics, 29-33. (1998). Ump1p is required for maturation of the 20S pro- 2000 University of Cologne, Ge- Ramos PC, Dohmen RJ (2008) teasome, and becomes its sub- netics, Cell Biology PACemakers of proteasome core strate upon completion of the particle assembly. Structure 16: Honors assembly. Cell 20: 489-499. 1989-- EMBO Long-term 1296-304. 1991 Fellowship

SpaceLife 99 Aarhus University

Prof. Dr. med. Daniela Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology Gabriele Grimm

Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4 8000 Aarhus C Denmark

Phone: +45 87167693 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.grimm- space-research.com

Scientific Career Since- Professorat Space Medicine Ulbrich C, et al. (201) Characteri- 9/2011 at the Institute of Biomed- 1988 State Examination and Li- zation of Human chondrocytes icine, Aarhus University, cense to practice medicine exposed to simulated micro- Denmark 1989 MD (University of Würz- gravity. Cell Physiol Biochem 25: burg) Research Topics 551-60. 2004 Habilitation (Internal Medi- Space Medicine, Tissue engineer- Grimm D, et al. (2011) How and cine) ing, Molecular and Cellular Biolo- why does the proteome respond 2008 Associate Professorship gy, Pharmacology, Cardiovascular to microgravity? Expert Rev Prote- 2011 Professor for Space Medi- Medicine, Endocrinology omics 8(1): 13-27. cine Space related activities Grimm D, et al. (2009) A delayed Professional Experience type of three-dimensional growth 1989- Scientific Employee, Experiment 14 flown on Shen- of human endothelial cells under 1992 Institute of Pathology, Uni- zhou-8 2011, 4 DLR Parabolic simulated weightlessness. Tissue versity of Regensburg flight Campaign (no. 5 accepted Eng Part A. 15(8): 2267-75. 1992- Clinic and Policlinic for for 9/2012) and ground based Infanger M, et al. (2006) Induction 1999 Internal Medicine II, senior facility experiments (RPM, clino- of three-dimensional assembly and scientist stat, centrifuge) increase in apoptosis of human 1999- Group leader, Institute of Selected Publications endothelial cells by simulated mi- 2011 Clinical Pharmacology and Grosse J, et al. (2011) Short-term crogravity: impact of vascular en- Toxicology, Charité- weightlessness produced by para- dothelial growth factor. Apoptosis Universitätsmedizin Berlin bolic flight maneuvers altered 11(5): 749-64. 2008 Associate Professor, gene expression patterns in human 2011 Department of Pharmacol- Grimm D, et al. (2002) Simulated endothelial cells. FASEB J 26: 639- microgravity alters differentiation ogy, Aarhus University, 55. Denmark and increases apoptosis in human follicular thyroid carcinoma cells. FASEB J 16(6): 604-6.

A: Phase contrast microscopy of a 3D aggregate of chondrocytes B: Vimentin IIF of tissue- engineered cartilage.

SpaceLife 100 Universität Hohenheim

Prof. Dr. Reinhard Institute for Zoology (220) Faculty of Natural Sciences Hilbig Garbenstr. 30 – BIO II D-70599 Stuttgart Germany

Phone: +49 711 459 23349 E-mail: rhilbig@uni- hohenheim.de Website: https://www.uni- hohenheim.de/

Research Topics Selected Publications Basic neurobiological adaptation Bauerle A, Anken RH, Hilbig R, Hilbig, R, Anken, R, Rahmann H, mechanisms of fish to altered Baumhauer N, Rahmann H (2004) (2003): On the origin of suscepti- gravity conditions Size and cell number of the utricle bility to kinetotic swimming behav- in kinetotically swimming fish: a iour in fish: A parabolic aircraft Artificial ecosystems parabolic aircraft flight study. Adv flight study. J Vestib Res 12: 185- Space biology Space Res 34(7): 1598-601. 189. Anken RH, Hilbig R (2004) A drop- Hilbig R, Anken RH, Bauerle A, tower experiment to determine Rahmann H (2002) Susceptibility the threshold of gravity for induc- to motion sickness in fish: a para- ing motion sickness in fish. Adv bolic aircraft flight study. J Gravit Space Res 34(7):1592-7. Physiol 9(1): P29-30. Anken RH, Hilbig R (2004) Deter- Anken RH, Hilbig R, Ibsch M, mination of the threshold of gravi- Rahmann H (2000) Readaptation ty for inducing kinetosis in fish: a of fish to 1g after long-term mi- drop-tower experiment. Micro- crogravity: behavioural results gravity Sci Technol 15(2): 52-7. from the STS 89 mission. Adv Space Res 25(10): 2019-23. Bäuerle A, Anken RH, Hilbig R, Rahmann H (2004) Histology of Rahmann H, Hilbig R, Flemming J, the utricle in kinetotically swim- Slenzka K (1996) Influence of ming fish: a parabolic aircraft flight long-term altered gravity on the study. Acta Otolaryngol 124(1): swimming performance of devel- 19-22. oping cichlid fish: including results from the 2nd German Spacelab Shcherbakov D, Winklhofer, M, Mission D-2. Adv Space Res 17(6- Petersen N, Steidle J, Hilbig R, 7): 121-4. Blum M (2005) Magnetosensation in zebrafish. Current Biology 15(5): 161-162

SpaceLife 101 Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich

PD Dr. Christian Department of Biology II Laforsch Großhadernerstr. 2 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany

Phone: +49 89 2180 74 252 Fax: +49 89 2180 74 204 E-Mail: [email protected]

Scientific Career Research Topics 1999 Diploma in Biology Evolutionary Ecology, Limnology, 2003 PhD in Natural Sciences Marine Ecology, Multiple Stressor (Biology) Ecology, Molecular Ecology, Envi- 2009 Habilitation (Zoology, Ecol- ronmental Science, Integrative ogy) Zoology, Systems Biology WS 2009 (substitute) Professor Space related activities SS 2011 Aquatic Ecology, Depart- Parabolic Aircraft and Drop-Tower ment of Biology II, LMU Flights, experiments at simulated Munich and head of the microgravity (clinostat) and hyper- Field Research Station for gravity (centrifuge). Limnology, Seeon WS 2011 Akademischer Oberrat, Selected Publications SS 2012 Department of Biology II, Colbourne J K, Pfrender ME, Gil- LMU Munich bert D, Laforsch C et al. (2011) WS 2012 Chair (W3) Animal Ecol- The ecoresponsive genome of ogy I, University of Bayreuth Daphnia pulex. Science 331: 555. Professional Experience Petrusek A, Tollrian R, Schwenk K, 2003 Postdoc (guest researcher) Haas A, Laforsch C (2009) A 2004 at the Institute for Experi- ‘‘crown of thorns’’ is an inducible mental Physics, University defence that protects Daphnia of Leipzig against an ancient predator. PNAS 2004 Research Associate 106 (7): 2248–2252. 2005 (Postdoc), Biological Scienc- Laforsch C, Ngwa W, Grill W, Toll- es Department, I.E.N.S., rian R (2004) An acoustic micros- Lancaster University, UK copy technique reveals hidden 2005 Assistant Professor (C1) morphological defences in Daph- 2009 Department of Biology II, nia. PNAS 101(45): 15911-15914. LMU Munich Agrawal AA, Laforsch C, Tollrian R (1999): Transgenerational induction of defences in animals and plants. Nature 401:60-63.

SpaceLife 102 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nürnberg

PD Dr. Michael Lebert Department Biologie Lehrstuhl für Zellbiologie

Staudtstraße 5 D-91058 Erlangen Germany

Phone: +49 9131 85 28217 E-mail: [email protected] erlangen.de Website: http://www.zellbio.nat.uni- erlangen.de/mitarbeiter/

lebert.shtml

Scientific Career This includes hardware and soft- Richter PR, Schuste M, Meyer I, 1987 Diploma in Biology (Univer- ware development for FOTON Lebert M, Häder D-P (2006) Indica- sity of Marburg) missions. tions for acceleration-dependent changes of membrane potential in 1991 PhD in Natural Sciences Selected Publications (MPI for Biochemistry) the flagellate Euglena gracilis. Lebert M (2005) Gravity and the Protoplasma 229: 101-108. 2000 Habilitation (Botany, Uni- Behavior of Unicellular Organisms. versity of Erlangen) Häder D-P, Richter P, Lebert M In: Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R, (2006) Signal transduction in Professional Experience Lebert M (eds) Gravity and the gravisensing of flagellates. Signal Behavior of Unicellular Organisms. 1991 Postdoc, Pullman, WA, Transduct. 6: 422-431. 1993 USA Cambridge Univ. Press, Cam- Since Senior scientist, bridge, New York, Melbourne, Häder D-P, Lebert M (2006) EL- 1993 FAU Erlangen, Erlangen, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, DONET – European Light DOsime- Germany Sao Paulo, pp. 1-258. ter NETwork. Environmental UV radiation: Impact on Ecosystems Grimm D, Wise P, Lebert M, Rich- Research Topics and Human Health and Predictive ter P, Baatout S (2011) How and Models. NATO Science Series, IV. Biology, gravity/light perception why does the proteome respond Earth and Environmental Sciences, and integration, protist (Euglena to microgravity? Proteomics as a Vol. 57, Ghetti F, Checcucci G, gracilis) as model system, aquatic tool to investigate the effect of Bornman JF (Eds.), Springer, The life support systems. gravitational alterations on biolog- Netherlands, 95-108. Space related activities ical systems. Expert Review of Proteomics 8 (1): 13-27. Häder D-P, Richter P, Ntefidou M, Since 1993 numerous missions on Lebert M (2005) Gravitational Daiker V, Häder D-P, Richter PR, parabolic flights, TEXUS, MAXUS, sensory transduction chain in flag- Lebert M (2011) The involvement FOTON, Space Shuttle and ISS. ellates. Adv Space Res 36: 1182- of a protein kinase in phototaxis 1188. and gravitaxis of Euglena gracilis. Planta 233(5): 1055-62. Daiker V, Häder D-P, Lebert M (2010) Molecular characterization of a calmodulin involved in the signal transduction chain of gravitaxis in Euglena gracilis. Planta Euglena gracilis, a photosynthetic 231: 1229-1236. protist

SpaceLife 103 Universität zu Köln

PD Dr. med. Detlef Klinik und Poliklinik für Moka Nuklearmedizin der Universität zu Köln

Kerpener Str. 62 50937 Köln Germany

Phone: +49 201 8950383 E-mail: detlef.moka@uni- koeln.de Website: www.nukmed.org

Scientific career Selected Publications since Partner in the clinic for 1990 State examination in Medi- 2004 nuclear medicine, Essen, Klein K, Gornik G, Baumstark- cine Germany 2011- Federal Khan C, Kaspar K, Schicha H., 1994 Dr. med., University of Co- chairman of the profession- Moka D (2012) Influence of vita- logne al association of German min C on radiotherapy of papillary 2001 Habilitation, University of nuclear medicine thyroid cancer. Nucl Med Comm. Cologne, Germany 2012 Chairman of the medical Marx K, Moka D, et al. (2006) Cell 2002 Diploma in health econom- office for radiation protec- death induced by 131 I in a differ- ics (Oec.med.) tion, medical association entiated thyroid carcinoma cell line Nordrhein, Germany Professional Experience in vitro: necrosis or apoptosis? 1990 Visiting Researcher in the Awards: Nucl Med Commun 27(4): 353-8. Institute for Nuclear Chem- 2001 Young Investigator Award istry in the Nuclear Re- Moka D (2005) Unintentional Ex- of the SNM Cardiovascular posure to Radiation during Preg- search Facility Jülich, Ger- Council many nancy from Nuclear Medical Diag- 1997 Medical Specialist for Nu- Research Topics: nostic Procedures. Der Nuklear- mediziner 28(4): 236-9. clear Medicine Molecular Imaging 1997- Head of the task group: Mahlstedt J, Moka D (2009) Upon radiation biology and nu- Influence of radiation on cell me- Vitamin D Deﬁciency and Second- clear molecular biology in tabolism ary Hyperparathyroidism in the the Department of Nuclear Radiation protection by exposure Ruhr County (North-Rhine- Medicine, University of Co- of radionuclides Westphalia / Germany). Der logne, Germany Nuklearmediziner 32(3): 237-242. 1998 Technical qualification for Nuclear magnetic resonance spec- radiation protection in troscopy Schmidt M, Thoma N, Dietlein M, Moka D, Eschner W, Faust M, medicine Vitamin D deﬁciency 2002 Technical qualification for Schroder W, von Hulst- magnetic resonance to- Space related activities Schlabrendorff M, Ehses W, mography and spectrosco- Schicha H (2008) 99mTc-MIBI Molecular effects of radiation on SPECT in primary hyperparathyroi- py in medicine cancer cell 1999- Assistant medical director in dism. Influence of concomitant the Influence of chemical protection vitamin D deficiency for visuali- 2004 department of nuclear on radiation therapy of cancer zation of parathyroid adenomas. medicine, University of Co- Nuklearmedizin 47(1): 1-7. logne, Germany

SpaceLife 104 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nürnberg

Dr. Peter Richter Department of Biology Cell Biology Division

Staudtstraße 5 D-91058 Erlangen Germany

Phone: +49 9131 85 28222 E-mail: [email protected] erlangen.de Website: http://www.zellbio.nat.uni- erlangen.de/mitarbeiter/ richter.shtml

Scientific Career 1993 Diploma in Biology (FAU Azizullah A, Richter P, Häder D-P Häder D-P, Richter P, Schuster M, Erlangen-Nürnberg) (in press) Responses of Morpho- Dachev T, Tomov B, Georgiev P, 2000 PhD (Ecophysiology, FAU logical, Physiological and Biochem- Matviichuk Y (2009) R3D-B2 - Erlangen-Nürnberg) ical Parameters in Euglena gracilis Measurement of ionizing and solar Professional Experience to 7-days Exposure to Two Com- radiation in open space in the monly Used Fertilizers DAP and BIOPAN 5 facility outside the Since Senior scientist, Urea. Journal of Applied Phycolo- FOTON M2 satellite. Adv Space 2000 FAU Erlangen, Department gy. Res 43: 1200–1211. of Biology, Cell Biology, Er- langen, Germany Daiker V, Häder D-P, Richter PR, Wohllebe S, Richter R, Richter P, Lebert M (2011) The involvement Häder D-P (2009) Photodynamic Research Topics of a protein kinase in phototaxis control of human pathogenic par- Investigtion of gravi- and photo- and gravitaxis of Euglena gracilis. asitesin aquatic ecosystems using taxis in Euglena gracilis. Planta 233(5): 1055-62. chlorophyllin and pheophorbid as photodynamic substances. Parasi- Support of a project dealing with Azizullah A, Richter P, Häder D-P tol Res 104: 593–600. photodynamic destruction of para- (2011) Water Pollution in Pakistan sites and fish diseases as well as and its Impact on Public Health - A Richter PR, Schuste M, Meyer I, support of a PhD-project in bio- Review. Environment International Lebert M, Häder D-P (2006) Indica- monitoring. 37(2): 479-497. tions for acceleration-dependent changes of membrane potential in Space related activities Strauch SM, Richter P, Schuster M, the flagellate Euglena gracilis. Häder D-P (2010) The beating Experiments in the field of bio- Protoplasma 229: 101-108. pattern of the flagellum of Eugle- regenerative life support systems. na gracilis under altered gravity Häder D-P, Richter P, Lebert M DLR project on microgravity re- during parabolic flights. J Plant (2006) Signal transduction in search Physiol 167: 41-46. gravisensing of flagellates. Signal Transduct. 6: 422-431. Selected Publications Häder D-P, Richter P, Schuster M, Daiker V, Lebert M (2009) Molecu- Häder D-P, Richter P, Ntefidou M, Grimm D, Wise P, Lebert M, Rich- lar analysis of the graviperception Lebert M (2005) Gravitational ter P, Baatout S (2011) How and signal transduction in the flagellate sensory transduction chain in flag- why does the proteome respond Euglena gracilis: involvement of a ellates. Adv Space Res 36: 1182- to microgravity? Proteomics as a transient receptor potential-like 1188. tool to investigate the effect of channel and a calmodulin. Adv gravitational alterations on biolog- Space Res 43: 1179-1184. ical systems. Expert Review of Proteomics 8 (1): 13-27.

SpaceLife 105

Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main

PD Dr. Franz Rödel Universitätsklinikum Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Onkologie Strahlenbiologie

Theodor-Stern-Kai 7 60590 Frankfurt Germany Phone: +49 69 6301 6637 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.strahlentherapie.kg u.de/Ueber-Uns

Scientific Career Research Topics inflammatory diseases of low-dose radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Biol, 1991 Diploma in Biology Molecular radiation biology: key 83: 57-66. 1995 PhD in Natural Sciences, processes and molecules in radia- University of Erlangen- tion-induced cell inactivation Capalbo G, Rödel C, Stauber RH, Nürnberg andtheir modulation in radiother- Knauer SK, Bache M, Kappler M, 2004 Habilitation (Molecular apy. Development of novel thera- Rödel F (2007) The role of survivin Radiation Biology) peutic targets for cancer treat- for radiation therapy: prognostic ment. Mechanisms of the anti- and predictive factor and thera- Professional Experience inflammatory properties of low- peutic target. Strahlenther Onkol, 1991 Scientific Employee, dose X-irradiation. 183: 593-599. 1995 Institute for Microbiology, University of Erlangen- Development of new vectors Rödel F, Keilholz L, Herrmann M.; Nürnberg, Germany with Selected Publications Sauer R, Hildebrandt G (2007) Radiobiological mechanisms in 1995 Scientific Project Leader, Rödel F, Frey B, Leitmann W, Ca- inflammatory diseases of low dose 1996 Medicon Publisher, Munich, palbo G, Weiss C, Rödel C (2008) radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Biol, Germany Survivin antisense oligonucleotides 83: 357-66. 1997 Seminar Project Manage- effectively radio sensitize colorectal ment, Grundig Academy cancer cells in both tissue culture Knauer S, Krämer O, Knösel T, Nürnberg, Germany and murine xenograft models. Int Engels K, Rödel F, Kovács A, Brieg- 1997 Scientific Employee, J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71: 247- er J, Habtemichael N, Hambeck M, 2007 Radiotherapy Clinic , Uni- 55. Klein-Hitpass L, Rödel C, Mann W, Knecht R, Petersen I, Heinzel T, versity of Erlangen- Rödel F, Hofmann D, Auer J, Keil- Stauber R (2007) Nuclear export is Nürnberg, Germany holz L, Herrmann M, Röllinghoff essential for the biological activity Since Group Leader, M, Sauer R, Beuscher HU (2008) of survivin – novel aspects to tar- 2007 Radiotherapy Clinic , Uni- The anti-inflammatory effect of get the survivin pathway in cancer. versity of Frankfurt, Ger- low dose radiation therapy in- FASEB Journal, 21: 207-216. many volves a diminished CCL20 chem- Awards okine expression and granulocyte/ Rödel F, Hoffmann J, Distel L, Herr- endothelial cell adhesion. Strah- mann M, Noisternig T, Papado- 2000 Günther-von-Pannewitz- lenther Onkol 184: 41-47. poulos T, Sauer R, Rödel C (2005) Award Survivin as a Radio-Resistance Fac- 2004 Hermann-Holthusen-Award Rödel F, Keilholz L, Herrmann M, tor, and Prognostic and Therapeu- Sauer R, Hildebrandt G (2007). tic Target for Radiotherapy in Rec- Radiobiological mechanisms in tal Cancer. Cancer Res, 65: 4881- 4887.

SpaceLife 106 Freie Universität (FU) Berlin

Univ.-Prof. Dr. Michael Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin F.G. Schmidt Institut für Immunologie und Molekularbiologie

Philippstr. 13 10115 Berlin Germany Phone: +49 30 2093 6468 E-mail: schmidt.mfg@vetmed. fu-berlin.de Website: http://www.vetmed. fu-berlin.de/einrichtungen/ institute/we06/index.html Scientific Career 1973 Diploma in Biology 1990 Full Professor, Dept. of Rai MF, Rachakonda PS, Manning 1993 Virology, Faculty of Vet. 1975 Dr. rer. nat. in Biochemistry, K, Vorwerk B, Brunnberg L, Kohn Med., FU Berlin, Germany Virology, Genetics B, Schmidt MFG (2008) Quantifica- 1993 Full Professor and Chairman tion of cytokines and inflammatory 1987 Habilitation (Biochemistry 2011 Dept. of Immunology and and Virology) mediators in a three-dimensional Molecular Biology, Faculty model of inflammatory arthritis. 1986 Professorship of Veterinary Medicine, FU Cytokine 42: 8-17. Professional Experience Berlin, Germany Scharek L, Guth J, Filter M, 1972 Teaching Assistant, Research Topics Schmidt MFG (2007) Impact of the 1973 Faculty of Vet. Med., Gies- Enveloped viruses (emphasis influ- probiotic bacteria Enterococcus sen, Germany enza virus); membrane biochemis- faecium NCIMB 10415 (SF68) and 1973 Research Assistant, Faculty try (vesicular transport, secretion); Bacillus cereus var. toyoi NCIMB 1974 of Vet. Med., Giessen Uni- protein modifications (glycosyla- 40112 on the development of versity, Germany tion, fatty acylation); intestinal serum IgG and faecal IgA of sows 1974 Post Doc, Faculty of immunity; osteoarthritis, gene and their piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 1977 Vet. Med., Giessen Univer- therapy; inflammation 61: 223-234. sity Selected Publications Schierack P, Wieler LH, Taras D, 1977 Research Fellow, Dept. of Herwig V, Tachu B, Hlinak A, 1980 Microbiology & Immunolo- Rachakonda PS, Rai MF, Manning Schmidt MFG, Scharek L (2007) gy, Washington University, K, Schmidt MFG (2008) Expression Bacillus cereus var. toyoi enhanced School of Medicine, USA of canine interleukin-4 in canine systemic immune response in pig- 1980 Senior Researcher, chondrocytes inhibits inflammatory lets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1982 Faculty of Vet. Med., Gies- cascade through STAT6. Cytokine. 118: 1-11. sen University 44: 179-184. Rachakonda PS, Veit M, Korte T, 1982 Research Assosiate (C1), Rachakonda PS, Rai MF, Schmidt Ludwig K, Böttcher C, Huang Q, 1986 Virology Department, Facul- MFG (2008) Application of in- Schmidt MFG, Herrmann A (2007) ty of Vet. Med., Giessen flammation-responsive promoter The relevance of salt bridges for 1986 Associate Professor, Dept. for an in vitro arthritis model. the stability of the influenza virus 1990 of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arthritis Rheum. 58: 2088-2097. hemagglutinin. FASEB J 21(4): Medicine, Kuwait University Veit M, Ponimaskin E, Schmidt 995-1002.

MFG (2008) Analysis of S-acylation of proteins. Methods Mol Biol 446: 163-182.

SpaceLife 107 Department of General Microbiology, University of Göttingen

Prof. Jörg Stülke Institute for Microbiology and Genetics Department of General Micro- biology Grisebachstr. 8 37077 Göttingen Germany

Phone: ++49 551 39 33781 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://genmibio.uni- goettingen.de

Scientific Career 1990 Diploma in Biology Principal Investigator Schmidl et al. (2011) A trigger 1994 PhD in Microbiology Control of biofilm in the model enzyme in Mycoplasma pneu- bacterium Bacillus subtilis moniae: Impact of the glycer- Professional Experience Molecular mechanisms underlying ophospho-diesterase GlpQ on 1994- Postdoc, Institut Pasteur, genome instability in bacteria virulence and gene expression. PLOS Pathogens 7: e1002263. 1996 Paris Signalling by the novel second 1996- Group leader, Microbiolo- messenger cyclic di-AMP in Bacillus Nicolas et al. (2012) Condition- gy, subtilis and Mycoplasma pneu- dependent transcriptome reveals 2003 University of Erlangen moniae high-level regulatory architecture Since Head of the Department Protein complexes in RNA degra- in Bacillus subtilis. Science 335: 2003 for General Microbiology dation in B. subtilis 1103-1106. Co-investigator Awards: Minibacillus: construction of a Mehne et al. (2013) Cyclic-di-AMP Thesis Award of the Ernst-Moritz- minimal organism on the basis of homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis: Arndt-University Greifswald Bacillus subtilis both lack and high-level accumulation of the nucleotide are detri- Research Topics Selected Publications mental for cell growth. J Biol Chem 288: 2004-2017. Signalling by second messengers, Görke & Stülke (2008) Carbon catabolite repression in bacteria: control of central metabolism, Michna et al. (2014) SubtiWiki – a many ways to make most out of protein-protein interactions, gene database for the model organism nutrients. Nature Rev Microbiol 6: regulation, essential genes, mini- Bacillus subtilis that links pathway, 613-624. mal genome, biofilm formation, interaction and expression infor- pathogenesis of Mycoplasma Commichau et al. (2009) Novel mation. Nucleic Acids Res 42: pneumoniae, RNA degradation, D692-D698. development of annotation data- activities of glycolytic enzymes in bases and apps, Bacillus subtilis: Interactions with essential proteins involved in Space Related Activities mRNA processing. Mol Cell Prote- Collaboration with Dr. Ralf omics 8: 1350-1360. Moeller, German Aerospace center, Cologne, Germany

A structured colony of Bacillus subtilis

SpaceLife 108

University of Zürich, Switzerland

Dr. Cora Thiel Institute of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich

Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich, Switzerland Phone: +41 44 635 5361 E-mail: cora.thiel@anatom. uzh.ch Website: http://www.anatom.uzh.ch/ index.html

Scientific Career 1997 Diploma in Biology Principal Investigator or Co- Thiel CS, Paulsen K, Bradacs G, 2002 PhD in Biology investigator on the following mis- Lust K, Tauber S, Dumrese C, Hil- sions: liger A, Schoppmann K, Biskup J, Golz N, Sang C, Ziegler U, Grote Professional Experience Several DLR and ESA parabolic KH, Zipp F, Zhuang F, Engelmann flight campaigns Up to- Scientific Employee F, Hemmersbach R, Cogoli A, 2009 Max Planck Institute for Sounding rocket campaigns (TEX- Ullrich O (2012) Rapid alterations Biophysical Chemistry, De- US-49, TEXUS-51, TEXUS-52) of cell cycle control proteins in partment of Membrane Bi- human T lymphocytes in micro- Space experiments (Shenzhou-8, ophysics, Göttingen, Ger- gravity. Cell Commun Signal 10: 1. CELLBOX, TRIPLELUX, ISS) many Thiel CS, Ehrenfreund P, Foing B, Selected Publications 2009-- Scientific Employee Pletser V, Ullrich O 2011) PCR- 2011 Institute for Medical Physics Tauber S, Hauschild S, Crescio C, based analysis of microbial com- and Biophysics, Working Secchi C, Paulsen K, Pantaleo A, munities during the EuroGeoMars Group Cellular Biophysics, Saba A, Buttron I, Thiel CS, Cogoli campaign at Mars Desert Research Westfälische Wilhelms- A, Pippia P, Ullrich O. Signal trans- Station, Utah. International Journal Universität (WWU) Mün- duction in primary human T lym- of Astrobiology 10:177-190. ster, Germany phocytes in altered gravity -results Ullrich O. Thiel C. (2011) Gravita- of the MASER-12 suborbital space Since- Scientific Employee tional force – triggered stress in flight mission. Cell Commun Sig- 2012 Institute of Anatomy, Devi- cells of the immune system. In: nal. 2013, 11(1):32. sion of Cell Biology, Univer- Stress Challenges and Immunity in sity of Zürich, Switzerland Reinhardt P, Glatza M, Hemmer K, Space, Springer, Heidelberg, Ger- Tsytsyura Y, Thiel CS, Hoing S, many, 187-202). Research Topics Moritz S, Parga JA, Wagner L, Studer M, Bradacs G, Hilliger A, Gravitational Biology, Astrobiology Bruder JM, Wu G, Schmid B, Hürlimann E, Engeli S, Thiel C, Ropke A, Klingauf J, Schwamborn Space Related Activities: Zeitner P, Denier B, Binggeli M, JC, Gasser T, Scholer HR, Syburra T, Egli M, Engelmann F, Ground-based studies on 2D clino- Sterneckert J (2013) Derivation Ullrich O. (2010) Parabolic maneu- stat and hyper-G centrifuge and expansion using only small vers of the Swiss Air Force fighter molecules of human neural pro- jet F5-E as a new research plat- genitors for neurodegenerative form for cell culture experi-ments disease modeling. PLoS One 8: in microgravity. Acta Astronautica e59252. 68 (11-12), 1729-1741.

SpaceLife 109 Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg (H-BRS)

Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Prof. Dr. Edda Applied Sciences Tobiasch Department of Natural Sciences Genetic Engineering and Cell Culture

Von-Liebig-Straße 20 53359 Rheinbach

Phone: +49 2241 865 576 Fax: +49 2241 865 8576 E-Mail: [email protected] Scientific Career 1987 Diploma in Biology, Univer- signal transduction pathways and Wang N, Lee JM, Tobiasch E, sity of Kaiserslautern apoptosis. Csizmadia E, Smith NR, Gollackes 1992 Dr. rer. nat. PhD in Biology, Selected Publications B, Robson SC, Bach FH, Lin Y University of Kaiserslautern (2002) Induction of xenograft Blattner C, Tobiasch E, Litfen M, Professional Experience accommodation by modulation of Rahmsdorf HJ, Herrlich P (1999) elicited antibody responses. since Professor (C3) for Genetic DNA damage induced p53 stabili- Transplantation 74(3): 334-45. 2004 Engineering and Cell Cul- zation: no indication for an in- ture, H-BRS, Rheinbach volvement of p53 phosphorylation. Berberat PO, Katori M, Kaczmarek 2002 Professor (C2) for Virology Oncogene 18(9): 1723-32. E, Anselmo D, Lassman C, Ke B, 2004 and Cell Culture, H-BRS, Shen X, Busuttil RW, Yamashita K, Brouard S, Otterbein LE, Anrather Rheinbach, Germany Csizmadia E, Tyagi S, Otterbein LE, J, Tobiasch E, Bach FH, Choi AM, 2002 Substitute Professor for Brouard S, Tobiasch E, Bach FH, Soares MP (2000) Carbon monox- Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Soares MP Virology and Cell Culture, ide generated by heme oxygenase H-BRS, Rheinbach (2003) Heavy chain ferritin acts as 1 suppresses endothelial cell apop- an antiapoptotic gene that pro- 1999 Instructor, Harvard Medical tosis. J Exp Med 192(7): 1015-26. tects livers from ischemia reperfu- 2002 School, Boston, USA Tobiasch E, Gunther L, Bach FH sion injury. FASEB 17(12): 1724-6. 1998 Postdoctoral Fellow, (2001) Heme oxygenase-1 protects 1999 Department of Virology, Smith LP, Nierstenhoefer M, Yoo pancreatic beta cells from apopto- University Heidelberg, Hei- SW, Penzias AS, Tobiasch E, sis caused by various stimuli. J delberg, Germany Usheva A (2009) The Bile Acid Investig Med 49(6): 566-71. 1996 Postdoctoral Fellow, Synthesis Pathway is Present and 1988 Department of Genetics, Brouard S, Berberat PO, Tobiasch Fuctional in the Human Ovary. Research Center Karlsruhe, E, Seldon MP, Bach FH, Soares MP PloS One 4(10): e7333. Karlsruhe, Germany (2002) Heme oxygenase-1-derived Zippel N, Limbach CA, Ratajski N, 1992 Postdoctoral Fellow, carbon monoxide requires the Urban C, Luparello C, Pansky A, 1996 Department of Tumor Vi- activation of transcription factor Kassack MU, Tobiasch E (2012) rology, German Cancer Re- NF-kappa B to protect endothelial Purinergic Receptors Influence the search Center, Heidelberg, cells from tumor necrosis factor- Differentiation of Human Mesen- Germany alpha-mediated apoptosis. J Biol chymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells and Chem 277(20): 17950-61. Development 21(6): 884-900. Research Topics Osteogenic and adipogenic stem cell differentiation of primary human, bovine, porcine MSCs;

SpaceLife 110 BeiHang University - Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Prof. Fengyuan School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Zhuang XueYuan Road No. 37 HaiDian District Beijing 100191 China

Phone: +86 10 82339670 E-mail: zhuangfy@buaa. edu.cn, zhuangfy@ yahoo.com.cn Website: http://www.buaa.edu.cn 2001 Science and Medical Engi- Scientific Career neering, BUAA 1962 Diploma in Physics Research Topics Professional Experience 1962 Teaching Assistant Effects of gravity on the cardio- 1980 Lecturer, Physics Dept. Bei- vascular system, remodeling of jing University cardiovascular vessels. 1980 Visiting Scholar, Effects of microgravity on immune 1983 Applied Mechanics & Engi- cells and endothelial cells. neering/Bioengineering, Mechanobiology studies on Biomachanics, University of gravisensing of mammalian cells California, San Diego, USA Selected Publications 1983 Lecturer Physics Dept., Cell biomechanics 1984 Beijing University Space Related Activities Wang C, Sang C, Higashibata A, 1984 Associate Prof. Ishioka N, Rong L, Yang C, Sun Y, th 2001 Prof. Director, Dept. of General Secretary for the 16 IAA Yi ZC, Zhuang FY (2008) Changes Biomechanics & Biorheolo- Humans in Space Symposium, May of muscle-related genes and pro- gy, Research Institute, Chi- 21-24, 2007 Beijing teins after spaceflight in Caeno- na-Japan Friendship Hospi- Co-Chair of 2nd Sino-German rhabditis elegans. Progress in tal Symposium on Space Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Biophysics 1985 Director of Hemorheology Oct. 13-18, 2008, Beijing 35(10): 1195-1201. 1989 Dept. Beijing Heart Lung, & Principle investigator - muscle Gao ZY, Liu F, Yu ZQ, Bai X, Yang Blood Vascular Center atrophy of C. elegance - on Chi- C, Zhuang FY, Ruan CG (2008) 2001 Director, Founder of Bioen- nese Biosatellite SHIJIAN 8 (2006) Effects of von Willebrand Factor 2005 gineering Dept., (now Concentration and Platelet Colli- th School of Biological Science Co-investigator - 10 DLR parabol- sion on Shear-induced Platelet & Medical Engineering), ic flight campaign (effects of mi- Activation. Thrombosis and Beijing University of Aero- crogravity on migration- and adhe- Haemostasis 100: 60-68. nautics & Astronautics (BU- sion-regulating signal pathways in Yang C, Wei D, Zhuang FY AA) cells of the immune system, Co- logne, Germany (2007) (2008) The force induced by or- 2001 Director of Bioscience ganelles’ gravity in the microfila- 2008 & Bioengineering Institute ment is in the range of 0.1-1pN. Since Prof. School of Biological Acta Astronautica 63: 923-928.

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SpaceLife Member Group Locations

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Application

SpaceLife is open to highly qual- Applicants are invited to send Applications of candidates ified and motivated applicants their curriculum vitae, which meet the requirements of from all countries, and it is list of publications, SpaceLife are recommended for committed to an equal oppor- further assessment by the facul- copy of their diploma/master tunity policy. ty members, who jointly short- theses (as pdf), Applicants should hold a Mas- list the candidates to be invited past and present research ter’s or other degree with excel- for the interview days in Co- interests, lent grades comparable to a logne. Invitations are sent ap- copies of masters/diploma German University Master (or proximately three to four weeks certificates (with translation if Diploma) in biology, human in advance. not in German, English or biology, biochemistry, physio- During the interview days, each French) and logy, anatomy, biotechnology, candidate conducts several in- microbiology, physics, chemis- addresses of two referees. terviews with faculty members try, veterinary medicine, biome- The two referees have to be to discuss research experience, chanical engineering, nutrition asked by the applicant to sub- motivation and interests. The or sports sciences or related mit confidential letters of rec- interviews with group leaders subjects. ommendation. result in a first assessment of SpaceLife gives the opportunity Linguistic proficiency in English candidates. All applicants pro- to carry out a full-time doctoral can be demonstrated by taking ceed to a final interview with a thesis at the end of which the a standardized test (e.g., the Selection Committee, which doctoral students will receive a TOEFL). consists of five faculty members. “German PhD”: Dr. rer. nat., Selected applicants will be invit- Taking the assessment of the Dr. hum. biol., Dr. oec. troph., ed for an interview with faculty interviewing faculty members Dr. med. vet., Dr. rer. medic. or members. The partners of into account, the Selection Dr. Sports Sciences. Per age- SpaceLife jointly conduct the Committee evaluates the overall group, up to 14 doctoral stu- central selection procedure. The qualification of the candidate, dents at the DLR and up to 11 applications will be subjected to and recommends to the from the partner universities a competitive multi-step evalua- spokesperson and the coordina- can participate in the program. tion procedure. tor of SpaceLife whom to admit to the program. Furthermore, doctoral students Evaluation of applications who have already started their The first evaluation takes into Offers of admission thesis at the DLR or the partner account the applicants’ national Offers of admission to SpaceLife universities can apply for admis- education system, and is carried are made by the end of the sion to SpaceLife and are also out by experts on the respective selection week. The offers in- subjected to the selection pro- educational system. Applicants clude in general the affiliation cess described below. will be contacted by phone for to the SpaceLife program and to Please visit the SpaceLife assessment of proficiency in a research group. The individual Webpage for more information English. starting date will be agreed with and for download of the appli- the primary Supervisor. cation forms: http://www.dlr.de/me/SpaceLife

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German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Aerospace Medicine SpaceLife Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.dlr.de/me/spacelife

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Prof. Dr. Rupert Gerzer PD Dr. Christine Hellweg Dr. Luis Spitta Claudia Schmitz Director Space Center Institute of Aerospace Institute of Aerospace Institute of Aerospace Skoltech University Medicine Medicine Medicine Moscow Radiation Biology Radiation Biology Radiation Biology Russia Cellular Biodiagnostics Cellular Biodiagnostics

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