E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 114 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 162 WASHINGTON, MONDAY, JULY 11, 2016 No. 111 Senate The Senate met at 4 p.m. and was Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, us overseas. These Americans selflessly called to order by the President pro I ask unanimous consent that the order and voluntarily put themselves in tempore (Mr. HATCH). for the quorum call be rescinded. harm’s way to help keep our country f The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without safe. They do not ask for much in re- objection, it is so ordered. turn. What they do not deserve is for PRAYER Democrats to filibuster the bill that f The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- supports them as part of some partisan fered the following prayer: MEASURE PLACED ON THE political gain. Let us pray. CALENDAR—H.R. 1270 At a time when we face an array of God of grace and glory, shine Your Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, terror threats around the globe, we light on our dark paths. Teach us to I understand there is a bill at the desk cannot afford to play politics with the not lean solely on our understanding due for a second reading. men and women serving and protecting but to look to You to direct us on life’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. The us overseas. The bill Democrats are journey. May we not limit ourselves by clerk will read the bill by title for the now filibustering respects the budget our anxieties, but by releasing the second time. caps, was reported out of committee at power of fervent prayer discover that The senior assistant legislative clerk the earliest point in more than a dec- Your peace will guard our hearts. read as follows: ade, and earned the support of every Surround our lawmakers with the single Democrat in committee. shield of Your Divine favor, preparing A bill (H.R. 1270) to amend the Internal The top Democrat on the Defense Revenue Code of 1986 to repeal the amend- Subcommittee said it ‘‘takes a respon- them for whatever the days may bring. ments made by the Patient Protection and Infuse them with the confidence that Affordable Care Act which disqualify ex- sible approach to protecting our coun- comes from knowing that their times penses for over-the-counter drugs under try . . . [that honors] the bipartisan are in Your hands. Lift us all above the health savings accounts and health flexible budget deal in place.’’ That was the top clouds of care and fear into the bright spending arrangements. Democrat on the Defense Sub- sunshine of Your great mercy and Mr. MCCONNELL. In order to place committee, and he warned colleagues might. the bill on the calendar under the pro- not to ‘‘take chances when it comes to And, Lord, comfort each person who visions of rule XIV, I object to further funding the men and women serving in has felt anguish from the Dallas trag- proceedings. forward positions.’’ edy. Lord, bring healing to our land. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- Well, he was certainly right. There is We pray in Your merciful Name. tion having been heard, the bill will be no excuse for Democrats to continue Amen. placed on the calendar. blocking this bill. They will have an- other chance to make the right deci- f f sion later this week. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE LEGISLATION BEFORE THE This week, Democrats can reconsider The President pro tempore led the SENATE their decision to block funding to fight Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: Zika. Either Democrats believe Zika is Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, a crisis that requires immediate action I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the we have recently made progress on United States of America, and to the Repub- or they do not. Either Democrats think lic for which it stands, one nation under God, issues of importance to the American protecting pregnant women and babies indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. people. We have also seen some very re- from Zika today is more important or grettable decisions from our colleagues f they think holding out for an earmark across the aisle. This week offers the for their favorite partisan special in- RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY opportunity for all of us and for our terest group is more important. LEADER country to move forward. Every Sen- Even though the administration has The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. ator will have a chance to advance im- acknowledged they haven’t spent the ERNST). The majority leader is recog- portant solutions on behalf of the anti-Zika money already available to nized. American people this week, and some them, Republicans believe we ought to Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, colleagues will have a chance to recon- pass this bill now because this is indeed I suggest the absence of a quorum. sider partisan mistakes that hurt our an emergency. Our friends across the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The country. So let me explain. aisle will have to decide if they feel the clerk will call the roll. This week, Democrats can reconsider same way. The senior assistant legislative clerk their decision to block funding for the I would remind colleagues the rules proceeded to call the roll. men and women serving and protecting don’t allow for a conference report to

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S4925

.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:48 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A11JY6.000 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 be amended, even from powerful Demo- issue helped move the bill forward with cede from its disagreement to the amend- cratic special interest groups, and re- the urgency this crisis demands. ment of the House to the text of the bill and passing the same bill that went to con- This week, Senators can take action agree to the same with an amendment and ference, as some have naively sug- to improve security and consumer pro- the House agree to the same, signed by a ma- jority of the conferees on the part of both gested as political cover, will not put a tections for airline travelers. Recent Houses. bill on the President’s desk. So I urge terror attacks across the globe only Thereupon, the Senate proceeded to colleagues to work with us to pass this emphasize the importance of securing consider the conference report. compromise Zika control and veterans’ our airports. The bipartisan, bicameral (The conference report is printed in funding legislation and send it to the aviation agreement aims to achieve the House proceedings of the RECORD of President for his signature, not block that by enhancing security in July 6, 2016.) it and spend the summer explaining prescreening areas, increasing meas- why a special interest group was more ures to address cyber security threats, CLOTURE MOTION important than funding Zika control improving vetting for airline employ- Mr. MCCONNELL. I send a cloture and our veterans. ees, and tightening security standards motion to the desk. This week, Senators can take deci- for flights coming into the United The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clo- sive action to combat the heroin and States. Not only will it increase safety ture motion having been presented prescription opioid abuse epidemic that and security, but it also includes a under rule XXII, the Chair directs the is hitting nearly every State and com- number of consumer protection provi- clerk to read the motion. munity across America. Support for sions, such as refunds for lost or de- The senior assistant legislative clerk the Comprehensive Addiction and Re- layed baggage, as well as improve- read as follows: covery Act conference report that ments for travelers with disabilities CLOTURE MOTION passed the House last Friday seems to and for parents traveling with small We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- grow with each passing day. There are children. We expect the House to pass ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the now more than 230 groups fighting this this agreement tonight, and then the Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby move to bring to a close debate on the con- epidemic in their own communities Senate will have a chance to send a bill that have come out in support, includ- ference report to accompany S. 524, a bill to to the President’s desk this week. authorize the Attorney General to award ing the Detroit Recovery Project in Also, this week, Senators can take grants to address the national epidemics of Michigan, the Foundation for Recovery another important step toward mod- prescription opioid abuse and heroin use. in Nevada, Central City Concern in Or- ernizing America’s energy policies. The Mitch McConnell, James M. Inhofe, Pat egon, and Project Recovery in New Senate will have an opportunity to go Roberts, John Boozman, Johnny Isak- Hampshire. to conference with the House to work son, Chuck Grassley, John Cornyn, One of these groups is the Fraternal toward an agreement on the Energy Thom Tillis, John Hoeven, Kelly Ayotte, John McCain, Rob Portman, Order of Police. Here is what the Policy Modernization Act. This reform group’s president had to say about it. John Barrasso, Lamar Alexander, Rich- bill, which passed the Senate in April, ard Burr, John Thune, Orrin G. Hatch. The legislation provides treatment for represents the first broad energy legis- Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, those caught in the clutches of addiction or lation moved through the Senate since who also suffer from mental illness and also I ask unanimous consent that the man- provides law enforcement with the necessary the Bush administration. It aims to datory quorum call be waived with re- tools to prevent heroin and opioid deaths. bring our aging policies and infrastruc- spect to the cloture motion. . . . Too many lives have been lost to these ture in line with current and future de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there drugs, and too many families have been torn mands. Going to conference on this objection? apart. On behalf of more than 330,000 mem- measure would put us one step closer Without objection, it is so ordered. bers of the Fraternal Order of Police, I urge to arriving at a final bill and sending it RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY LEADER Congress to adopt the conference report. to the President’s desk. The Democratic leader. That is from the Fraternal Order of With cooperation this week, the Sen- Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask Police. ate will have several opportunities to unanimous consent that the Senate Widespread support like this helps advance serious solutions that can proceed to the consideration of the explain why the CARA conference re- make a difference for the American conference report to accompany H.R. port passed the House last week 407 to people. From doing the right thing by 2577 and the conference report be 5. Now it is the Senate’s turn to act our veterans, to protecting pregnant agreed to with no intervening action or and send this critical comprehensive women and babies from Zika, to com- debate. response to the President for his signa- bating the opioid and heroin epidemic; That must be the wrong one. Sorry ture. from keeping airline travelers safe, to about that. Madam President, it is sure We know Senate Democrats and Sen- modernizing America’s energy policies, good we have staff around; isn’t it? ate Republicans already voted 94 to 1 there is a lot we can get done. There to pass a very similar CARA bill. We are issues that should be priorities for UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—H.R. 5243 know the Senate has provided more us all. I would encourage colleagues on Madam President, I ask unanimous than twice as much funding for opioid- both sides to work together to advance consent that the Senate proceed to the related issues as under the previous each of these solutions in the coming consideration of H.R. 5243, which is at Senate majority. We also know there is days. the desk; that all after the enacting a groundswell of support from so many clause be stricken; that the substitute f corners for this CARA legislation that amendment, which is the text of the can help communities begin to heal COMPREHENSIVE ADDICTION AND Blunt-Murray amendment to provide from an epidemic sweeping the coun- RECOVERY ACT OF 2016—CON- $1.1 billion in funding for Zika, be try. Quite simply, there is no excuse to FERENCE REPORT agreed to; that there be up to 1 hour of block it. Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, debate, equally divided between the I thank colleagues, like Senator I ask the Chair to lay before the Senate two leaders or their designees; that PORTMAN, Senator AYOTTE, Senator the conference report accompanying S. upon the use or yielding back of time, GRASSLEY, and Senator ALEXANDER, 524. the bill, as amended, be read a third who have worked ceaselessly to ad- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time and the Senate vote on passage of vance this issue. Our Democratic col- Chair lays before the Senate the con- the bill, as amended, with no inter- leagues, like Senator WHITEHOUSE and ference report to accompany S. 524, vening action or debate. Senator KLOBUCHAR, have worked hard which will be stated by title. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there on this bill as well. I know they are The senior assistant legislative clerk objection? proud of their work, and I am sure they read as follows: Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, look forward to supporting this over- The committee of conference on the dis- reserving the right to object, Repub- whelmingly popular piece of legisla- agreeing votes of the two Houses on the lican Senators are prepared to pass the tion. The outspokenness and leadership amendments of the House to the bill (S. 524), conference report and send it to the of all these Members and others on this having met, have agreed that the Senate re- President’s desk for signature today.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:48 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.002 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4927 The Democratic leader has asked for free, but little did we realize we were EPA with the Clean Water Act, take the Senate to pass legislation pro- dealing with the same problems Speak- money from Ebola, which everyone viding $1.1 billion in immediate fund- er Boehner dealt with for a long time says we need to stay on top of that, and ing to combat Zika. In fact, the con- until he was forced to leave. It seems take $500 million away from veterans ference report before us provides ex- that RYAN, who was going to bring a for processing claims. actly that—$1.1 billion in immediate new voice to the House, has not been The Senate should take up and pass funding to combat Zika. Passing the able to do so. I know he has tried. the Zika compromise as a stand-alone House-passed conference report is the I repeat, it is a mockery of how Con- bill. If we send it to the House, if the only way to get this critical funding gress should treat an emergency. What Speaker would bring up the legislation before September. does it do? It restricts funding for birth today, if he would let the Democrats This is a conference report. The control provided by Planned Parent- vote, it would pass overwhelmingly. House has already passed it. It is not hood. It exempts pesticide spraying But he doesn’t do that. He is still fol- amendable. The Senate should act now. from the Clean Water Act. It cuts vet- lowing the disgraced Hastert rule, and Therefore, I object. erans funding by $500 million below the we need not say more about that other The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- Senate bill. It cuts Ebola funding by than to remind everybody that he is tion is heard. $107 million. It rescinds $543 million now in prison—the man whose name is UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—CONFERENCE from ObamaCare that simply would affixed to that. REPORT TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 2577 fall, like that, with raising a point of TRAGEDY IN DALLAS Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, order. It strikes a prohibition on dis- Madam President, a couple of other I ask unanimous consent that the Sen- playing the Confederate flag that was things. Last Thursday night, a peaceful ate proceed to the consideration of the in the House bill. Why would the Re- protest for justice in Dallas, TX, erupt- conference report to accompany H.R. publican leader waste his time on this? ed into violence as a sniper ambushed 2577 and the conference report be The conference report is going no- law enforcement officers. Five police agreed to with no intervening action or where. The Senate will not pass this officers and two civilians were killed, debate. Republican conference report and murdered, and nine were wounded— The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there President Obama will not sign it into seven police officers and two civilians. objection? law. We grieve with the victims, their fami- Mr. REID. Madam President, reserv- Democrats were willing to negotiate, lies, and the brave men and women who ing the right to object, I will give a willing to compromise. I told the Re- serve the people of Dallas, TX. We longer presentation in just a minute or publican leader to give us something to thank the police and first responders two, but I do want to say this: The con- work with. I feel we have given him whose timely action prevented further sent I ask has the approval of 89 Sen- something to work with. I feel it is rea- loss of life. It is insufficient to say that we as a ators here in the Senate, Democrats sonable. and Republicans. Only 11 have not Instead of wasting time, we should be nation are saddened by this attack. It voted in the affirmative. It doesn’t responding to the real Zika emergency is more than that. We are devastated. seem too outrageous to suggest that that is now in the United States. It is We are aghast at this sickening vio- the House send this back to us as it is. not just in Puerto Rico; it is on the lence perpetrated on innocent police What the Republican leader is asking mainland. I know the number of people officers who were on duty to protect has very little support over here that is affected with Zika is increasing every and to serve. There is no justification not partisan in nature. He is proposing day. According to the Centers for Dis- for this senseless, evil act. This shooting rampage ran counter a completely partisan conference re- ease Control, nearly 3,700 people in the to the message conveyed by the peace- port riddled with poison pill riders. It United States and territories have ful demonstrators in Dallas. The people is one of the worst conference reports I Zika. As of right now, 599 pregnant at the Dallas march were dem- have ever seen in this body. The report women have shown evidence of the in- onstrating for an end to violence. They is truly nonsensical. It restricts fund- fection. Seven babies have been born were calling for no more of the bru- ing for Planned Parenthood—the very with birth defects caused by Zika. tality and hostility that have taken place women rely on for care to pre- These babies were born in the United the lives of Americans of all back- vent the spread of Zika and get contra- States. There is a path toward a bipar- grounds but disproportionately people ceptives. tisan solution to combating this ter- of color. That message should not be It is ridiculous to try to pass a con- rible virus if Republicans are willing to lost, particulately in the aftermath of ference report that runs counter to take it. the two fatal shootings last week in common sense, so I object to the Re- Two months ago, the Senate passed a Louisiana and Minnesota. publican leader’s request. bipartisan compromise to address the Last Tuesday, Alton Sterling, a 37- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- Zika crisis. As I have indicated pre- year-old Black man from Baton Rouge, tion is heard. viously, we didn’t like that. We be- LA, was pinned down by two police of- The Democratic leader. lieved, as we still do, that $1.1 billion is ficers and then shot and killed. The MILCON-VA AND ZIKA VIRUS FUNDING BILL not enough and will shortchange what next day, on the outskirts of St. Paul, Mr. REID. Madam President, car- scientists, doctors, and public health MN, a 32-year-old school cafeteria su- rying on, this week the Republican officials need to fight Zika. But we pervisor named Philando Castile was leader will continue with the pointless still voted for the bill because it was a pulled over for a broken taillight. The approach that has been a hallmark of step in the right direction. And, as I police officer killed Castile when he his time as leader—bringing another have indicated now for the third time, reached for his license as his fiancee failed partisan bill back before the it passed with 89 votes. and her 4-year-old daughter sat in the Senate for a revote. The Republican The Senate bill, while imperfect, was car and watched. leader will force yet another failed not riddled with the vexatious provi- We are saddened by this loss of life, vote on this cynical Zika conference sions in the Republican conference re- but our condolences mean nothing if report. port that I have enumerated. The Sen- this epidemic of violence persists. Our The Republican agreement on the ate Zika legislation would save lives. words are worthless if we don’t do MILCON-VA-Zika conference report is We need to get to this soon. We need to something to stop this violence. a disgrace. It is a mockery of how Con- send it to the President. The only way The Black community is grieving gress should treat an emergency. Re- to do that is to pass the Senate com- over the disproportionate number of member, we passed a bill out of here— promise as a stand-alone bill. That is deaths of their young men. How would 89 votes. It wasn’t everything we want- precisely what we Democrats are pro- you explain all these deaths? How ed. It was a compromise. Instead of $1.9 posing. It is too bad that the House would you explain this violence to your billion, it was $1.1 billion. But we says we can’t do that unless we have a children—Tamir Rice, a 12-year-old boy agreed to that. Democrats and Repub- Confederate flag flying over veterans in Cleveland killed by police for hold- licans agreed to that. It went to the cemeteries, stop people from going to ing a BB gun, or Freddie Gray in Balti- House, and we thought we were home Planned Parenthood, adversely affect more, or Eric Garner in New York, or

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:55 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.005 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4928 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 the other unarmed Black men who died groups all have one thing in common: in 7 years half a billion dollars was in confrontations with law enforce- They are bankrolled by the multi- spent by the Koch network on a ‘‘cam- ment. billionaire Koch brothers. paign to manipulate and mislead the Some 512 people have been shot and Charles and David Koch and the public about the threat posed by cli- killed by police this year so far. Black shadowy groups they fund have a sim- mate change.’’ Americans are killed at a rate 21⁄2 ple agenda—to promote their own in- Consider the example of one of their times greater than that of Whites. Ac- terests at everyone else’s expense. front groups, the Nevada Policy Re- cording to the Washington Post, the These two brothers own Koch Indus- search Institute. The Kochs use this in- number of fatal shootings by police of- tries, one of the largest privately held stitute to fight efforts to increase my ficers increased during the first 6 corporations in the entire world. To- State’s use of clean energy, even months of this year. Twenty-six more gether, Charles and David Koch are though to date $6 billion has been in- people have been killed this year than worth, some say, up to $100 billion but vested in clean energy projects in Ne- during the first half of last year. at least $80 billion. vada, including tens of thousands of The evidence is indisputable. We Why would the Koch brothers mas- jobs and hundreds of millions of dollars have, as President Obama called it last termind a plot to convince America in tax revenue. This is in spite of the year, a slow-rolling crisis of troubling that climate change doesn’t exist? Be- Kochs’ bankrolling of more coal and police interactions with people of cause denying climate change is funda- more oil. color, and because we are not address- mental to the Koch business model. I can remember when I came out ing the problem, people are rightly out- That is why it is done. The volume of against more coal-fired plants in Ne- raged. We all should be outraged. In pollution the Koch Industries emit into vada. I didn’t know where all this oppo- America, police brutality is not a new our environment is staggering. The sition was coming from. I know now. It issue. company is among the worst in toxic is the Koch brothers. The Kochs don’t I echo the pleas from the Congres- air pollution in the entire United appreciate Nevada’s renewable energy sional Black Caucus leaders who are States. Koch Industries churns out acceleration. So they fund the Nevada calling for more funds and more train- more climate-changing greenhouse Policy Research Institute to bash clean ing for our police departments. We gases than oil giants Chevron, Shell, energy solutions. must help ensure that those who police and Valero. The Kochs are heavily involved in our neighborhoods have proper training To acknowledge that climate change the Nevada State Legislature. This in community-oriented policing and exists is to acknowledge that the Koch Koch front group recently hired an aca- deescalation tactics. The Black Caucus brothers’ empire contributes to it, but demic to write a report saying that re- has said that. I agree. the Kochs will not take that responsi- newable energy was raising Nevada’s The Dallas Police Department is ex- bility because they don’t care. The energy costs. How about that one? The emplary in their effectiveness of com- Kochs don’t care about climate change. report, of course, was false and, of munity policing. Long before this trag- They don’t care that it is making course, it is misleading. edy in Dallas, long, glowing articles wildfires more frequent and intense When experts studied the report, it have rightfully been written about the and that they are endangering the lives was found to be without basic facts. Dallas Police Department. America and property of millions of Americans, The Nevada Policy Research Institute looks to Dallas and other police chiefs especially in the West. went so far as to oppose the Tesla look to Dallas not only to grieve for As I speak, there are fires raging all Gigafactory that is being constructed the fallen officers but to learn from the over the western part of the United just outside of Reno, which will use department’s improvements under the States—Arizona, California, and other clean energy and employ thousands of leadership of Police Chief David Brown. States. They are very vicious in those Nevadans. This is a project that every But, as Dallas Mayor Mike Rawlings States. The Koch brothers, as wealthy State wanted to have in their State. said in the aftermath of these attacks, as they are, don’t care about Nevada. Nevada was fortunate to get it there. we must get to the root cause. They don’t care that Nevada is endur- The footprint of that facility is so From Baton Rouge, to St. Paul, to ing the 15th year of a terribly difficult large that the only standing building Dallas, intolerance and hate are breed- drought. The Kochs don’t worry about that would be any larger is the Boeing ing division and violence. As a nation, the water levels in Lake Mead. They factory in Seattle. we must work to bridge the gaps be- don’t worry that they have dropped to Listen to what I said. All the energy tween police and the communities they the lowest level since the Great De- will be with renewable energy. The serve and unite against prejudice and pression, when the lake was first filled. Kochs don’t like that. Even though brutality. The Kochs have ignored the under- they oppose something as basic as I apologize to everyone for taking a lying cause of the California and Ne- bringing thousands and thousands of little extra time, but it is necessary be- vada droughts—the unsustainable jobs to Nevada through the Tesla cause of the exchange the Republican amounts of carbon being dumped into Gigafactory, this kind of deceitful ac- leader and I had. our atmosphere because of fossil fuels. tivity from large corporations has oc- CLIMATE CHANGE One of the chief contributors, of curred before. But the Kochs deserve to Madam President, over the next 2 course, is the Koch brothers. Those be in the hall of fame. They have done days, Senate Democrats, led by Sen- who ignore the climate crisis or deny it so much deceitful activity that other ator SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, will speak exists do not have a valid point of view. corporations are on the sidelines. They about how the world is being distracted They are wrong. They are out of touch are in the minor leagues. and misled on climate change. The with reality. For more than 40 years, Big Tobacco Senator from Rhode Island has been These wealthy moguls, the Kochs, confused scientific consensus about the the champion of this frightening aren’t just on the other side of this de- effects tobacco had on our health, lead- issue—climate change. He has spoken bate. They are on the other side of re- ing to millions of premature deaths. 143 times on the Senate floor calling ality. Their flagship organization, Just like the tobacco companies, Big for action. Americans for Prosperity, is carrying Oil has known about the harm it is Dozens of shadowy organizations are the Kochs’ toxic agenda into state- causing. As early as 1981, Exxon’s in- waging a campaign to mislead the pub- houses and city halls across America. house climate expert knew that cli- lic and undermine American leadership They are involved at every level of gov- mate change was an issue, but they on climate change, the Paris climate ernment, trying to buy government. bought off enough scientists so they agreement, and clean air initiatives They are doing pretty well. They buy could stall for a while longer. In spite across the country. Every day that is their own scientists to publish mis- of knowing, Exxon provided over $30 going on. All of these shadowy, dark leading reports to confuse the public million to 69 organizations to cast entities—such as the U.S. Chamber of about the overwhelming scientific con- doubt on the science of climate change. Commerce, the Heartland Institute, sensus on climate change. This is what a clean environment con- and the Cato Institute—are all fronts This isn’t my theory. This is fact. A fronts—lots of Koch money and lots of for the Koch brothers. Clearly, these Drexel University Professor found that falsehoods.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:48 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.007 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4929 The Koch brothers and their shadowy These officers did what all of our law have to consider more ways to support organization know the truth. Science enforcement officers potentially would our public servants who are tasked has long been proven, but they don’t be called to do; that is, they put their with the daunting responsibility of care. They will sacrifice the future of lives on the line. Some gave their very keeping order, enforcing the rule of our planet for bigger Koch profits. I lives, and several others were injured law, and protecting our communities. join my colleagues today and tomor- in actions that can only be described as One way we can do that is to support row, calling attention to the web of de- heroic. These officers were certainly additional training for our law enforce- nial financed by the Koch brothers and worthy of the badge they wore, and ment, like some legislation that I have other fossil fuel interests. The Kochs’ their courage makes me proud to be a introduced called the POLICE Act, money and power amplified the climate Texan. They could have turned around which has passed the Senate unani- deniers’ voices. and run away from the sound of gun- mously. It would make millions of dol- The government belongs to the peo- shots and commotion. They could have lars available for law enforcement to ple. Our planet belongs to the people— given up and decided their lives were pursue active-shooter training. not the Koch brothers, these multi- more important than the lives of those In other words, we have learned the billionaires. It belongs to the people. they had vowed to protect, but they hard way that by trained policed offi- The public deserves to know who is be- didn’t. That is not who they are. They cers running to the gunshot, we can ac- hind these deceitful efforts, to allow are made of better, braver stuff than tually save lives while endangering, ob- better informed decisions about under- that. In fact, these officers ran to the viously, the lives of the police officers standing climate change, and we are sound of gunshots without hesitation engaging in that active-shooter prac- going to continue doing everything we to protect the community they serve. tice. But with training, these officers Dallas police chief David Brown re- can to show the evil nature of the Koch can minimize their own exposure and, counted that many ran out in the mid- brothers. hopefully, save more lives. I hope the dle of the gunfire knowing they were RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME House will pass this legislation soon so making themselves targets of the at- we can send it to the President’s desk. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under tack in order to get injured officers to the previous order, the leadership time safety and to medical help. Many used I also would note the contribution of is reserved. their own bodies to help shield pro- my friend and colleague Congressman JOHN CARTER from Central Texas, who f testers who were fleeing in terror. That is what the men and women of has sponsored legislation in the House. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AP- the Dallas police force are made of— It is pretty clear that we don’t have all PROPRIATIONS ACT, 2017—MO- undeniable valor and unfailing cour- of the answers. That goes without say- TION TO PROCEED age. To say we are indebted to them for ing, but we know we can make a dif- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under their service to the community is an ference if we try. In addition, I plan on the previous order, the Senate will re- understatement, but I want to thank introducing other legislation soon that sume consideration of the motion to each and every one of them who didn’t would help law enforcement go after proceed to H.R. 5293, which the clerk hesitate to put it all on the line to de- the violent criminals who inten- will report. fend and protect the people of Dallas. tionally target police officers and give The senior assistant legislative clerk Today and tomorrow, when the Presi- additional authorities to our law en- read as follows: dent comes to Dallas, our country will forcement officers to help them better Motion to proceed to Calendar No. 524, continue to mourn with the whole Dal- defend both the public and themselves. H.R. 5293, a bill making appropriations for las community. We grieve for the first As we continue to grieve and say our the Department of Defense for the fiscal year named officer who was killed, Officer prayers, let’s not neglect our work to ending September 30, 2017, and for other pur- Brent Thompson. Officer Thompson support law enforcement so that they poses. was a newlywed who married a fellow can better protect and defend our com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- officer just a couple of weeks ago. We munities. Our law enforcement officers ator from Texas. grieve for the loss of Patrick deserve our utmost respect for the es- TRAGEDY IN DALLAS Zamarripa, who bravely served three sential, irreplaceable role they play in Mr. CORNYN. Madam President, last tours in Iraq and leaves behind a wife, our communities. Thursday night, hundreds gathered in a son, and a 2-year-old daughter. We Tragically, the officers we lost last likewise grieve for the family and downtown Dallas to engage in a peace- week were killed and injured for sim- friends of Lorne Ahrens, Michael Krol, ful protest. Dozens of police officers ply doing their job; that is, for keeping and Michael Smith—three other offi- were on hand to make sure that these the community safe. They were shot cers who were killed. We offer our protesters could exercise their rights while actually protecting protesters so prayers for those who were wounded, under the First Amendment to the U.S. that they could exercise their constitu- including a woman who happened to be Constitution, and protesters even tional rights of free speech and assem- an African American who was shot in snapped pictures of themselves with bly. These officers didn’t do anything the leg while trying to shield her sons the officers in a show of harmony, un- wrong. They weren’t responsible for from the bullets. We pray for her and derscoring the peaceful nature of the any of the real or perceived injustices the several other police officers who event. that have occurred in other parts of were shot but survived as they begin the country, but they were targeted by As we know now, near the end of the the long road to recovery. route, all this was shattered as a gun- a twisted and demented mind who lost I mentioned the race of the woman his own life in pursuit of this terrible man opened fire on law enforcement of- who was shot to underscore that while ficers in a targeted, senseless, and vi- crime. There is no—zero—justification the shooter said he intended to kill for the taking of these lives. cious attack. It was made clear early White police officers, his actions did As our country continues to grieve, I on, that the attackers’ goal was to kill not discriminate based on race. Every- hope we will also unite to support as many police officers as possible, and one who was in the line of his sight those who put their lives on the line to he made a calculated effort to do just that night was a target. that. To attack those who work day in This is a national tragedy, the dead- keep us safe. and day out to keep our communities liest day for American law enforce- Madam President, I see a Senator safe is absolutely revolting. It is an act ment since the events of 9/11. Tomor- wishing to speak, so I will yield the of pure evil and the shameful work of a row I will join leaders in Dallas, Presi- floor. coward. dent Obama, and former President The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Today our country grieves with Dal- Bush at the memorial service to honor ator from Rhode Island. las, the Dallas Police Department, who the lives of those we lost and to pray Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- lost four of their own, and Dallas Area for healing and peace for the city and dent, I see that Senator CARDIN has ar- Rapid Transit, who lost an officer for our country. rived, so I will yield to him in one mo- while protecting the community that While it should not take an event ment. But while Senator CORNYN is night. like this to jolt our consciences, we still on the floor, I want to express the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:48 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.008 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4930 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 sorrow and sympathy of the law en- maintaining the status quo by con- In 1997, the Annapolis Center hosted forcement community in Rhode Island tinuing to use high-carbon productions a workshop discussing both the sci- for the loss Dallas has sustained. in order to produce their products, and entific and economic uncertainty of As anybody who has served in law en- they finance groups that produce docu- climate change and that a ‘‘firm, un- forcement knows, the two worst words ments to justify the science deniers. qualified conclusion on the direction an officer can hear are ‘‘officer down.’’ That is a particularly frustrating as- and rate of climate change’’ will come They don’t know who it is, but they pect, particularly since we recognize ‘‘many decades in the future.’’ That know it is one of theirs, and it is a sign how much we need U.S. leadership. was their finding. For reference, Dr. of a casualty among the brotherhood I thank Senator WHITEHOUSE for James Hansen, who was then a sci- and sisterhood of the police depart- bringing to our attention the different entist at NASA and is still one of the ment. Those Dallas police officers had special interest groups interested in most world-renowned climate sci- to hear the same words over and over high-carbon emissions and maintaining entists, testified before Congress near- again on that deadly night: Officer the status quo of our climate. They ly a decade earlier as to the certainty down. Officer down. Officer down. have financed these groups to come up of climate science. Fortunately, the I think it has shocked the entire with studies that are really phony in Annapolis Center is not sending out country, and I have certainly seen peo- order to justify their opposition to re- this kind of misinformation any ple come from all around the United sponsible legislation here in the United longer. They are no longer in existence. States when we have lost police offi- States and around the world that will They closed their doors, thank good- cers in Rhode Island. They come and lead us to a safer course on climate ness. They were funded by special in- stand in the freezing cold outside of change. terest to produce a document that they churches where a funeral is going on. This is particularly important for us could use to try to prevent the progress They come in groups wearing bands. in America. I will get a little parochial that was being made on climate change They come to show their respect. It is for one moment, if I might. The Chesa- with our policymakers, including Con- not just the men and women of law en- peake Bay is one of the most vulner- gress. forcement in Dallas and in Texas who able regions in the Nation to the ef- Accelerating the transition to a low- feel this, everyone across the country fects of climate change. According to a carbon economy will produce many does. I wanted to express that to the report from the Chesapeake Bay Pro- benefits with regard to sustainable eco- people of Dallas, the law enforcement gram’s Scientific and Technical Advi- nomic growth, public health, resiliency community of Dallas, and our friend sory Committee, some of these effects, to natural disasters, and the health of Senator CORNYN of Texas. including rising water temperatures the global community. With that, I will now yield to Sen- and sea levels, have been observed in My colleague in the House, Congress- ator CARDIN, who will speak on a dif- the watershed, and the region is ex- man DELANEY, and I have filed resolu- ferent subject. pected to experience further shifts in tions in the House and Senate affirm- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- its environmental conditions. ing the establishment of a national ator from Maryland. As water levels rise, so will coastal goal of more than 50 percent of Amer- flooding and erosion. Marshes and wet- ica’s electricity production coming CLIMATE CHANGE from clean and carbon-free electricity Mr. CARDIN. Madam President, first lands will be inundated with saltwater and will disappear faster than wetland by 2030. This is doable. Despite the mis- I thank Senator WHITEHOUSE for his ex- plants can populate higher ground. information that has been put out by traordinary work on an issue that af- There was an article in our local these special interest-funded groups, fects the United States and the global paper talking about the islands in the we can do much better on the use of community, and that is the reality of Chesapeake Bay—Tangier and Smith. noncarbon sources to produce our elec- climate change and the impact it is They are disappearing. These islands tricity. Our ‘‘50x30’’ resolutions are co- having on the United States and on the won’t be there in the future. And we al- sponsored by 30 Senators and 103 House global community. ready have islands that used to be in- Members. The resolutions are also en- Senator WHITEHOUSE and I, along habited in the Chesapeake Bay that dorsed by the Union of Concerned Sci- with eight other Members of this Sen- don’t exist. entists, Green Latinos, Green for All, ate, represented the United States at A loss of marshes and wetlands will Climate Hawks, and the House Sustain- the COP21 conference in Paris in which mean a loss of the habitat that traps able Energy and Environmental Cau- over 190 nations came together on an pollution and provides food and shelter cus. action plan to deal with climate and to fish, shellfish, and birds, and a loss I am proud of the legitimate, science- climate change. That would not have of livelihood to Maryland’s men and based work of groups like the Univer- happened but for U.S. leadership. I am women who earn a living by fishing, sity of Maryland Center for Environ- proud of the work that was done by the crabbing, and oystering in the Chesa- mental Science. I applaud its hard United States in setting up a blueprint peake Bay. It has a direct economic work and the positive news of an im- so we can deal with the impact of cli- impact in addition to the safety issue. proved score on the Chesapeake Bay re- mate change in the international com- Strong rain and snowstorms can port card for 2015. We are making munity. damage crops, erode soil, and increase progress. Why? Because we are fol- We can talk about the specific as- flooding. Floods can damage ports, ma- lowing science-based solutions to deal pects of climate change and the impact rinas, and historical monuments, and with reducing carbon emissions. it is having on the security of America. threaten buildings, sewer systems, I am proud of recent efforts to divest We can talk about the number of cli- roads, and tunnels. Meanwhile, a net- in fossil fuels in Maryland. The founda- mate refugees—people who are going to work of groups purporting to be unbi- tion that oversees the Maryland State be forced to leave their lands because ased has misled the public about the university system’s $1 billion endow- of the rising sea level. We can talk scientific certainty of climate change. ment announced June 28 that it will about the impact of famine by In Maryland, junk science is a thing stop investing directly in coal, oil, and droughts and floods that are occurring of the past. I take the time to point natural gas companies—a victory for a as a result of climate change. We can that out. The now-defunct Annapolis student-led movement to direct more listen to our generals talk about the Center for Science-Based Public Policy of the portfolio clean energy. The Uni- impact it has on our national security. was founded in 1993 by a former vice versity System of Maryland Founda- I start by saying that this is an issue president of the National Association tion, which helps fund scholarships, en- of international concern that affects of Manufacturers. In its own words, the dowed professorships, and more, said it America’s security. We can do some- center was a ‘‘national, non-profit edu- would sign on to a United Nations thing about it, and we have done some- cational organization that supports pledge to be more socially aware of its thing about it. U.S. leadership has and promotes responsible energy, envi- investments and appoint a staff person brought about a game plan to deal with ronmental, and health and safety pol- to identify opportunities in renewable this issue. So it is particularly frus- icy-making through the use of sound energy. trating to see special interest groups science.’’ Nothing could be further I am also proud of the work of the that have a direct financial interest in from the truth. Maryland board members of the U.S.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:48 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.010 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4931 Chamber of Commerce. They have the executive branch to work in our of- we can move it from our radar to our adopted proactive climate policies or fices. They provide extremely valuable to-do list and ultimately to the history practices. help. Michael Wolfe has been an incred- books. This should not be controversial. ible resource to our office. He has been Today I am pleased and proud to join This is good for business, not bad. For part of my team, and he is a civil engi- my colleagues to speak about some- example, board member Xerox Corpora- neer by training, which is something thing I thought we had established in tion, headquartered in Germantown, we desperately could use in my office. grade school but apparently bears re- MD, is doing its part to reduce the fi- He was instrumental in my work on peating; that is, the importance of nancial risk of climate change. It water infrastructure this year. He has science. It is troubling that today in signed the American Business Act on also worked tirelessly to protect the the 21st century, there is any doubt Climate Pledge and pledged to reduce clean water rule, the Chesapeake Bay about the importance of real, sound its greenhouse gas emissions and en- agreement, and increase access to pub- science in many facets of our lives. It ergy consumption by 20 percent by lic lands in Maryland. is troubling that we still need to defend 2020. It is good for the environment, it While Michael is incredibly smart, science here on the Senate floor. is good for dealing with the impacts I the first thing one notices about Mike Scientific discovery and invention have mentioned, and it is also good for is that he nearly always smiles. Even are the engine of our economy. Science business. This pledge is sponsored by on tough days, he brightens up our of- leads to transformative technologies the White House, and 154 businesses fice. It has been a pleasure to know and new ways of thinking in a wide signed, voicing support for a strong him. He will be leaving our office next range of fields, including health care, outcome in the Paris climate negotia- week, and I wanted to take this time to manufacturing, agriculture, clean en- tions. personally thank him for his service to ergy, and national security. Another example is the Maryland the Senate. Scientific inquiry is also the founda- State Retirement and Pension System. With that, I yield the floor. tion of good public policy. It shapes It is a proud member of the Ceres In- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and informs how we inform global vestor Network on Climate Risk, a vol- ator from Rhode Island. threats such as ozone depletion, an untary network of companies that have CLIMATE CHANGE issue on which the international com- committed to improve their environ- Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- munity has made real progress. Science mental and social performance and to dent, we expect that the Senator from must play an equally central role in publicly report their sustainable strat- Delaware will be here shortly, but in how we address climate change. egies. the meantime, let me begin with a few When we want to know what to do These and many other examples remarks. about a public health or environmental across Maryland demonstrate—con- This is the 144th time I have come to crisis, we turn to science. For example, trary to what the chamber of com- the floor to urge Congress to wake up rigorous, careful data collection and merce has said—that there is a busi- to the threat of climate change. This analysis are critical to understanding ness and economic case to be made to week, something new is happening. I long-term trends. Data can show the take steps to fight climate change. am joined by colleagues who will help effectiveness of a medication in treat- Unless we all act, we will continue on me shine a little light on the web of ing a disease, for example, or the abil- a trajectory that leads to a grim future climate denial and spotlight the bad ity of a new material to withstand ex- for us and our children. The first step actors in the web who are polluting our treme conditions over time. And data that must be taken is the recognition American discourse with phony cli- can help us make good decisions based that climate change is real and that it mate denial. on those trends. Never have we had a is happening right now so we can work This web of denial, formed over dec- greater ability to collect and analyze cooperatively to come up with creative ades, has been built and provisioned by data than today. That is why more solutions rather than continuing un- the deep-pocketed Koch brothers, by than ever in today’s world, science productive arguments about whether ExxonMobil, by Peabody coal, and by should drive policy, not the other way everyone agrees the science is settled. other fossil fuel interests. It is a grim around. The types of activities we have seen shadow over our democracy in that it In a number of areas, I have worked should have no place in American poli- includes an electioneering effort that with my Republican colleagues on bi- tics. It is one thing to have disagree- spends hundreds of millions of dollars partisan bills that help substantially ments on how we can resolve problems; in a single election cycle and threatens advance scientific inquiry, from en- it is another thing to say that the any Republican who steps up to address couraging citizen science projects to science points in an opposite direction the global threat of climate change. improving public-private partnerships than it does, particularly when it is Just one of those electioneering with our national labs. So why is cli- funded by special interests that have a groups, the Koch brothers-backed mate science so threatening to some? financial reward for trying to prevent Americans for Prosperity, has openly Sadly, there are far too many organi- science from dictating the policies—or proclaimed that if Republicans support zations in existence today that have it leading us to the policies—in this coun- a carbon tax or climate regulations, backwards. These organizations have try. I am proud to be part of the effort they would be ‘‘at a severe disadvan- attempted to distort science for purely Senator WHITEHOUSE has brought to tage in the Republican nomination political ends because the facts threat- the floor to expose these types of orga- process.’’ It would mean their political en the bottom line of those who have nizations. I am pleased that the organi- peril. When that threat comes from a created and sustained them. These or- zation that existed in Maryland no group that has openly and notoriously ganizations claim to use sound science longer exists. I am proud of the great pledged to spend $750 million in an to support policy objectives, but their work that is being done. election cycle, that is a threat that actions indicate that the only science TRIBUTE TO MICHAEL WOLFE serves notice on the political class to they find sound is the kind that sounds Madam President, before I yield the behave, and regrettably the political like profits. floor, I wish to point out the incredible class too often does behave in the face One of these organizations is the help I have had in my office from a of that kind of money. now-defunct The Advancement of detailee, Michael Wolfe. Michael is a I see that Senator COONS has arrived, Sound Science Coalition, known as the Brookings fellow who has worked in and I am delighted to yield the floor to TASSC—an organization that played a my office. His home agency is the EPA, him. key role in obscuring the facts around where he is the senior program analyst The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the dangers of tobacco use. TASSC was in the Office of Air and Radiation. He ator from Delaware. originally founded back in 1993 under has worked at the EPA since 2004, dedi- Mr. COONS. Madam President, I wish the guise of promoting ‘‘sound science cating most of his professional career to thank my great colleague, the Sen- in policymaking.’’ In reality, as was to serving the American people. ator from Rhode Island, for his tireless later uncovered in the documents that I know how fortunate my colleagues efforts to keep climate change on this came to light in the course of litiga- and I are when we get detailees from Chamber’s radar. One day I hope that tion against the tobacco industry,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:48 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.012 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4932 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 TASSC actually had the opposite goal. subfield of chemistry that I have been cities, including Baton Rouge and St. The year it was founded, it stated in excited about promoting. Paul, MN, far too many lives were cut private documents at the time that one That means supporting the use of short by violence, far too many fami- of its goals was to lay the groundwork crowdsourcing and citizen science lies will never be whole again. to help Phillip Morris advance its methods in Federal agencies. But as our President said this week- agenda of promoting tobacco use na- That means supporting policies that end, America is not as divided as we tionally and at the State and local will support industry-relevant training may appear. We are united in mourning level. How? Let me quote from one of in engineering, including advanced the tragic deaths of Brent Thompson, these discovered documents: by ‘‘en- manufacturing. Patrick Zamarripa, Michael Krol, couraging the public to question—from All of these are efforts that I have Lorne Ahrens, and Michael Smith, and the grassroots up—the validity of sci- been involved in and that enjoy bipar- in mourning Philando Castile and entific studies.’’ tisan support. My colleagues know that Alton Sterling. We are united in our These are not the statements of an I make an effort to promote pragmatic, grief for their families and commu- organization devoted to scientific in- bipartisan policy ideas. Science should nities. quiry and data-driven policy. not be a partisan issue, and neither, We are united in our respect and ad- Let me be clear. The problem doesn’t frankly, should climate change. miration for police and first respond- lie in industry hiring scientists to Climate change is all too real for ers, the overwhelming majority of argue their case. That is well within those of us who live in low-lying coast- whom do their dangerous jobs with the rights of industry and of any orga- al States like my home State of Dela- bravery and selflessness. nization in our country. The problem is ware, where flooding has already dev- But we are also united in our aware- when groups like this one misrepresent astated homes and communities up and ness that we have so much more work their very motives, hide their sources down the State. The science is clear: to do to strengthen the relationship be- of funding and industry ties, and push This severe flooding is only going to in- tween law enforcement and the com- out misleading or even incorrect infor- crease as temperatures continue to rise munities they serve and protect. We mation under the guise of ‘‘sound around the globe and as the sea level are united in our understanding that science.’’ rises as well. moving beyond this tragic and unac- We all know today that smoking to- We live in an era of unprecedented ceptable status quo—to heal our bacco is profoundly harmful to our scientific and technological advan- wounds and build toward a national health. Yet these same organizations, tages. The NASA Juno spacecraft mis- community of respect and compas- the ones that decades ago promoted sion to Jupiter; the ability to use 3–D sion—will challenge us in ways both ‘‘science’’ that hid the truth about to- printing to manufacture custom prod- new and uncomfortable. bacco and threatened public health for ucts, specifically prosthetics; the evo- But as Franklin Roosevelt said in an far too long, are now in sadly too many lution of new developments in robotics address exactly 80 years ago today: cases doing the same with climate and genomics—these advances capture ‘‘There are no limits to this Nation’s change. our imagination, and they can change capacity to obtain and maintain true Fortunately, today, this group I am our world. These developments happen freedom, no limits except the strength discussing, TASSC, is now defunct. But because America’s best trained sci- of our Nation’s desire and determina- its former executive director, Steve entists and engineers have spent dec- tion.’’ Milloy, is still an active climate ades undertaking rigorous and innova- I am confident our desire and deter- change denier who helped draft the 1998 tive research and applying their find- mination will build an America in ‘‘Global Climate Science Communica- ings to address the big questions of our which police officers can serve their tions Action Plan.’’ It included the world. communities, worrying only about how statement: ‘‘Victory Will Be Achieved Certainly the challenges of climate to make their communities safer, not When Average citizens ‘understand’ change are daunting and urgent, and so whether they will come home that . . . uncertainties in climate science; we should be focused on using the best night. recognition of uncertainties becomes science available to tackle these chal- Our desire and our determination can part of the ‘conventional wisdom.’ ’’ lenges with the best policy solutions and should build a Nation in which Quite simply, his goal was and con- possible—not convincing people who every American can live, work, play, tinues to be to persuade people, using prefer denial and deception that the and worship free of concerns about dis- incorrect, scientifically unsound infor- mation, to doubt the science about cli- science isn’t even real. crimination, a Nation in which all of us I wish to thank my friend and col- mate change, one of the greatest global are able to abide by the law as written league Senator WHITEHOUSE for his challenges we face. His policy goal is to with a law as lived. We must do better tireless leadership in addressing cli- halt action on climate change, and he and we will do better. mate change and for assembling to- I thank my colleagues for the oppor- is using science incorrectly to achieve this political end. Frankly, this is irre- day’s important colloquy. tunity to join in this colloquy, and I If I might, with the forbearance of sponsible and it flies in the face of the wish to yield the floor to my colleague my colleague from New Mexico who I foundation of the scientific method. from the State of New Mexico. As someone who trained in chemistry see has come to the floor, I wish to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- in college, I am familiar with how sci- take just a few more minutes to ad- ator from New Mexico. entists are trained to formulate dress an unrelated but urgent topic. CLIMATE CHANGE hypotheses, carefully construct experi- TRAGEDY IN DALLAS Mr. UDALL. Madam President, I ments to test those hypotheses, and Madam President, before I invite one thank the Chair for the recognition. without bias or preformed assump- of my colleagues to continue today’s Let me also, as my other colleagues tions, then draw conclusions about colloquy, I just want to say a few words have done, thank Senator WHITEHOUSE those hypotheses. Starting with the about the tragic events in Dallas. Just for his leadership on climate change, answer and considering only evidence four days ago, a peaceful protest in global warming, and the work he has that supports the answer—that is not Dallas that brought together pro- done in that area. science; that is politics. testers and police in an example of the I was also part, with Senator COONS, The very existence of groups like very best of our Nation was torn apart of the Paris 10 who went to Paris and TASSC and others that my colleagues by a cowardly and savage act that re- did everything we could to let the rest will speak about this evening and to- flected the very worst. Five police offi- of the countries in the world and their morrow make clear that we must work cers were murdered, leaving their fami- representatives know, as Senator even harder to defend and support lies, friends, and country in shock, in COONS knows very well, that we are in science throughout our society. mourning, and in search of answers, this for the long haul and we are going That means providing robust funding and six of their colleagues were in- to make sure that it happens and that for our national lab system. jured. the United States will continue with That means establishing a Federal ef- Last week was a very difficult one for all of the good policies that have been fort to coordinate research in a new America. From Dallas to many other put in place.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.013 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4933 Senator WHITEHOUSE has shown par- it tomorrow. The evidence of this tion Commission, has become com- ticularly good leadership in the area of strategy is profound. pletely dysfunctional and mired in exposing a sophisticated network of An early example is, the Information gridlock, leaving super PACs and spe- climate deniers, a network of special Council for the Environment, or ICE, cial interests free to pollute the polit- interest groups and front groups that and the Greening Earth Society. These ical system with unlimited dark money have all rallied around the slogan of groups sound technical and environ- and always to protect someone’s bot- being climate deniers. I rise to join my mental, but they aren’t. They were tom line. That is the way Western colleagues to draw attention to what cooked up in the boardrooms of fossil Fuels Association and so many other we are calling the web of denial—inter- fuel industry executives—people who companies have put pollution above connected corporations and special in- put profits over public health. They public health. terest groups spending millions of dol- were designed after focus groups and We need to fix the system. A few lars misleading the public about the market data convinced them the public months ago, several of my colleagues harmful effects of climate change. trusted scientists more than politi- and I got together to discuss the state Contrary to what these groups want cians, more than political activists, of our democracy. The question we the American people to think, climate and certainly more than industry press asked ourselves was this: What can we change is a fact, it is a reality, and we people. These groups, founded by the do to repair this damage, to return the have to deal with it. Carbon dioxide, a Western Fuels Association, aimed to government to the people—the govern- greenhouse gas and a byproduct of fos- shape the global warming discussion at ment by and for the people. The prod- sil fuels, is a major contributor to glob- a crucial time in the early 1990s, as the uct of these meetings was the bill we al warming. This is not some ideolog- world was gathering in Rio and Kyoto introduced last month, the We the Peo- ical belief I share with some of my col- to hammer out agreements and tackle ple Act. It will bring dark money out of leagues. We wish global warming did the problem. the shadows and create a real watchdog not exist and that it was not threat- ICE ran several print and radio ad- to enforce campaign finance laws and ening our health, our livelihoods, and vertisements asking: ‘‘If the Earth is rein in the influence of special inter- the environment, but it is real, and getting warmer, why is Kentucky get- ests and lobbyists. New Mexico and the Southwest are in ting colder?’’ The ‘‘we the people’’ reform package the bull’s-eye. We are seeing it in the Another quote: ‘‘If the Earth is get- includes my constitutional amendment form of more frequent droughts, in- ting warmer, why is the frost line mov- to overturn Buckley, Citizens United, creasingly severe wildfires, and rising ing south?’’ and other decisions. It will allow Con- temperatures. There is no doubt and ‘‘Who told you the earth was warm- gress and the States to enact real re- the data cannot be denied. Scientists ing, Chicken Little? And how much are form, to get the flood of money out of cannot be ignored. We can see it before you willing to pay to solve a problem our political system, laws that five our eyes in New Mexico and across the that may not exist?’’ conservative Justices on the Supreme country in so many different areas. These questions and claims were mis- Court can’t overturn. The Intergovernmental Panel on Cli- leading and false, but they helped to I know the political climate of an mate Change, the National Academy of stir up the public. The public was look- election year makes bipartisanship un- Sciences, and independent researchers ing to trust independent scientists and likely, but I will reintroduce the ‘‘we at our most esteemed universities have analysts, not industry front groups. the people’’ reform package in the next written extensively about this link be- Even more concerning is the way glob- Congress and hope my Republican col- tween greenhouse gases and the warm- al warming deniers have refocused leagues will join me. ing of the Earth. their strategies at discrediting sci- Poll after poll shows that our con- Scientists at Las Alamos and Sandia entists and researchers. stituents across the political spectrum National Labs in New Mexico are key We have seen a terrible trend. As the want reforms tackling climate change, parts of this scientific effort. We trust public has become more aware of these eliminating dark money from our po- these institutions to perform the sci- front groups, they have changed their litical system, and standing up to entific research that is critical to our tack. Now they are working to dis- groups that distort public perception. Nation’s national security. They en- credit and disavow the credible sci- It is time we listened. Our democracy, sure our arsenal of nuclear weapons is entists who are out there, charging our environment, and the planet are at safe and secure. So when these sci- that scientists have hidden agendas, stake. entists tell us that manmade climate wanting more research dollars and I see Senator WHITEHOUSE is here and change is real and poses a serious more Federal funding. I find this ab- there may be others. Once again, I threat, we should listen and take them surd and ominous. thank Senator WHITEHOUSE for his seriously. The funding for the Intergovern- leadership. I think one of the things he The evidence has been mounting for mental Panel on Climate Change, the has done in our caucus, on the floor, decades. The research has been thor- National Academy of Sciences, and and being constantly vigilant about it ough and unbiased. Countries around university researchers is transparent. is, how many of these groups are out the world have been pressing to address The money is there for the public to there networking with each other. It is this challenge in a global manner. So see. None of these folks is getting rich. a very sophisticated operation that has why are people still trying to foster a They don’t have profits to protect. to be exposed if we are going to get debate? Why are they asking if global They are providing the public with down to what is happening and get warming is really happening? That is data and with research, but it is get- down to what we need to do. what we are here to discuss—the web of ting harder and harder to stop these With that, I yield the floor. denial. outside groups from spreading their The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- There are many who have different smear campaigns. These groups have ator from Rhode Island. agendas that are not rooted in truth or an interest in making sure Congress Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- science, and those agendas are playing never gets anything done to prevent dent, for purposes of the floor, I would out in our politics in the most dis- climate change, and they are using our like to say I understand Senator SUL- graceful way possible, through the broken campaign finance system as a LIVAN from Alaska will be coming, and dark money that is poisoning the sys- tool to keep it that way. I will end my remarks so he can speak tem and spreading lies to benefit a few. We used to have sensible laws on as soon as he arrives, but in the mean- It started when industry became con- campaign finance. We used to have an time, I would like to intersperse my re- cerned that this link could harm the enforcement agency, a watchdog over marks between the various speakers bottom line. Over the years, industry the Federal finance system. The laws who come. So Senator SULLIVAN should groups have spent millions of dollars to have been gutted by the Supreme not be disconcerted if he sees me influence the debate through dark Court’s devastating decisions, whether speaking. I will draw to a rapid conclu- money and front groups. Many of my it is Citizens United, McCutcheon, or sion and allow him the floor and I will colleagues have talked about this many other misguided decisions. The reclaim it at the conclusion of his re- today and many more will talk about enforcement agency, the Federal Elec- marks.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.015 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4934 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 When I finished my remarks a mo- denial and expose their filthy grip on calls it the ‘‘climate change counter- ment ago, I was describing the pol- our political process. It is a disgrace, movement.’’ These two researchers call luter-funded front group that with one and our grandchildren will look back it the ‘‘climate change denial ma- hand threatened to spend $750 million at this as a dirty time in America’s po- chine’’ and, of course, we call it the in this election cycle and with the litical history because of their work. ‘‘web of denial.’’ other hand threatened to cause ‘‘severe I am grateful to my colleagues who I see that Senator WARREN has come disadvantage’’ in the Republican nomi- are joining in this effort, today and in to the floor. I will gladly yield to her nation process and ‘‘political peril’’ to the days to come, to help spotlight the and resume my remarks when there is people who crossed them in their denial lengths to which the Koch brothers and again room on the floor. of climate change. That raises the ob- other fossil fuel fronts go to advance The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- vious question: Why all that money? their economic self-interests by sabo- ator from Massachusetts. Why all those threats? Well, the taging America’s response to the cli- Ms. WARREN. Madam President, I threats are there and the money is that mate crisis. thank the Senator from Rhode Island big because the stakes are very high. As we look into this, we are aided by for yielding. I just want to talk a little The International Monetary Fund, a growing body of research examining bit about data. I believe in data. I try which is a generally respected organi- the web of denial and examining how to find good information about issues zation filled with very intelligent peo- the actors in that web propagate cli- and use that information to inform my ple, has determined the fossil fuel in- mate denial. So let’s listen to some of work. We need good data. But can we dustry receives nearly $700 billion in the experts. trust the think tanks and public policy what they call effective subsidies in Drexel University professor Dr. Rob- groups that hold themselves out as of- the United States alone every year. ert Brulle calls the web of denial in his fering solid independent research? How hard would you fight to protect an research ‘‘the climate change counter- The work at these think tanks and effective subsidy of $700 billion a year? movement.’’ In his 2013 paper, ‘‘Institu- public policy groups is increasingly No wonder throwing $750 million tionalizing delay: foundation funding funded by wealthy corporate interests, around seems like a wise investment and the creation of U.S. climate change and the line between objective schol- by the big polluters. counter-movement organizations’’ Pro- arly research and pay-for-play studies The fossil fuel industry has another fessor Brulle describes that movement is becoming blurred. The problem is problem, which is that it faces world- as a constellation of organizations—as compounded by the fact that corporate wide consensus about the urgent need you see here depicted in a graphic from financial support often occurs in the to address climate change, consensus that very paper—that, he says, ‘‘en- dark. Think about it this way: Compa- from the American public, consensus gages in a wide variety of activities op- nies are required to disclose their ex- from every single major American sci- posing any legislative attempts to penses when they directly lobby law- entific society, consensus from a vast enact mandatory restrictions on car- makers. But these same companies are number of major American companies. bon emissions.’’ allowed to make huge secret contribu- Essentially, the heraldry of American The green diamonds—here, and here, tions to think tanks, even if they have corporate leadership signed on to the and here, and here—are the big funders: the same goal of influencing those Paris Agreement—every single U.S. fossil fuel billionaires’ foundations, for same lawmakers. National Lab, the scientists who have instance, the American Petroleum In- Today, climate deniers have an in- been mentioned before from NASA and stitute, and so on. creasingly difficult time selling their from NOAA, whom in every other re- The blue circles—here, here, and anti-science positions. So a small in- spect we count on. here—are the who’s who of climate de- dustry of think tanks has emerged to Imagine the NASA scientists who nial groups. The Heartland Institute is give the veneer of plausibility to their have put an explorer onto the surface in here, for instance. They are that bizarre views. Take a look at just one of Mars, and they are driving a rover classy bunch who compared folks con- organization, the Science and Public around the surface of Mars right now. cerned about climate change to the Policy Institute. The Science and Pub- Do we think they might know a little Unabomber, just to give you a sense of lic Policy Institute describes its mis- science? And yet when they tell us cli- what sort of people they are. There is sion as providing ‘‘research and edu- mate change is a serious threat, sud- the Hoover Institution; there is the cational materials dedicated to sound denly we can’t pay any attention to Heritage Foundation; there is the Cato public policy based on sound science.’’ that any longer because you have the Institute; there is the Mercatus Center, That seems pretty reasonable. But Koch brothers, with all their money, to name just a few of the climate sabo- where is this sound public policy and telling everybody don’t listen. You also teurs on Dr. Brulle’s graph. sound science actually coming from? have America’s national security, mili- Brulle’s research describes these Well, for several years, the chief tary, and intelligence leaders warning groups as part of what he calls—and I science advisor at the Science and Pub- us of the threat. You have the Pope will quote him here—‘‘a deliberate and lic Policy Institute was a man named calling on us to take action and most organized effort to misdirect the public Willie Soon, one of the most notorious world leaders. discussion and distort the public under- climate change deniers around. Armed So if you are the fossil fuel industry, standing of climate’’—‘‘to misdirect with scientific credentials and a part- what do you do? You come to Congress, . . . and distort.’’ time job at the Smithsonian Institu- to the chokepoint for legislation, and The coordinated tactics of this net- tion, Soon churned out paper after you put a chokechain on the Repub- work in its effort to misdirect and dis- paper, disagreeing with the over- lican Party so you can snap it to heel. tort, said Brulle—and I will quote him whelming scientific consensus that In support of that, they perpetrate this again—‘‘span a wide range of activities human activities are driving climate web of climate denial. including political lobbying’’—we cer- change. This is actually a graphic of the web tainly see plenty of that here—‘‘con- Eventually it was revealed that—sur- that was done by one of the academic tributions to political candidates,’’ prise, surprise—Soon had accepted $1.2 researchers who specializes in this plenty of that—‘‘and a large number of million from the fossil fuel industry. area. Why do they do this? Well, to do communication and media efforts that Exxon, the American Petroleum Insti- their best to fool the public about the aim at undermining climate science.’’ tute, the Charles G. Koch Charitable risk of climate change, to provide talk- This is Professor Brulle’s depiction of Foundation, and coal giant company, ing points to rightwing talk radio, to the web of denial. This chart is from a Southern Company, made payments to take advantage of a lazy media’s im- 2011 study by Professors Riley Dunlap Soon, payments that he rarely dis- pulse to offer both sides of the story, of Oklahoma State University and closed when promoting his climate even when one is false, and of course to Aaron McCright of Michigan State Uni- change denial research. hide the hands of the fossil fuel protag- versity, describing the behavior of the In other words, Soon was raking in onists who are behind the scenes. major actors in what they call the ‘‘cli- fossil fuel cash by producing research So it is long past time we shed some mate denial machine.’’ That is their helpful to the fossil fuel industry. light on the perpetrators of this web of quote. Remember, Professor Brulle Great deal. Willie Soon left the Science

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.016 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4935 and Public Policy Institute a few years change deniers, those in Congress and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ago. elsewhere. ator from Virginia. These days, the most prominent fig- As Senator WHITEHOUSE has pointed Mr. KAINE. Madam President, I rise ure at the organization is Christopher out, Monckton, Soon, and the Science to join my colleague from Rhode Island Monckton, the think tank’s chief pol- and Public Policy Institute are part of and other colleagues this evening who icy advisor. So let’s ask the question a much larger network of pseudo- are talking about the critical issue of here: Who is Christopher Monckton? scientific researchers and organiza- climate change, especially the facts Oh, boy, Christopher Monckton is a tions who get paid to spin a web of de- around climate change but also the former politician from the UK. He has nials about the science behind climate fact that there are many who would presented himself as a member of the change. It is a network that has been deny the facts. This is a very impor- House of Lords, a claim that is so off funded by the fossil fuel industry and tant issue to the Commonwealth of base that the House of Lords was by its friends. Virginia. Climate change is not an ab- forced to do something that it had But there is no getting around it. Cli- straction. Climate change is not a never done before, and that is issue a mate change is real. It is caused by hu- next-year or next-decade issue. Climate statement saying: No, he is not part of mans. If we are going to address it in a change in Virginia is a today issue. the House of Lords, and he should stop meaningful way, we need to take deci- Earlier today, I was in Norfolk, VA, lying about it. sive action now. This is why the fake which is in the Hampton Roads area, Monckton used to represent the ul- science think thanks are so dangerous. near the Chesapeake Bay and the At- traconservative, anti-immigrant UK They throw enough fake facts into the lantic Ocean. Norfolk, and the sur- Independence Party that recently led process to justify inaction, enough fake rounding communities, is the largest facts to excuse inaction, enough fake the Brexit campaign. In fact, concentration of naval power in the facts to let every politician in the Monckton thought Brexit was such a world. It is the center of American pocket of Big Oil or Big Coal keep good idea that he has also called for a naval operations, the headquarters of right on blocking meaningful action Texit, as he puts it, pushing for Texas the U.S. Atlantic fleet, and it is al- while the earth slowly chokes on its ready having to spend millions of dol- to secede from the United States to own filth. protect itself against Muslim and It is time to stand up to the fossil lars to elevate the piers where aircraft Latino immigrants. fuel industry and its well-funded PR ef- carriers come and go due to sea level Monckton is clear about where he forts and say enough is enough. Our rise. The Hampton Roads area is listed stands on climate change and on the children’s futures are at stake. We will as the second most vulnerable commu- people who are concerned about it. He not sit on the sidelines while big fossil nity in the United States to rising sea said that global efforts to fight climate fuel companies call the shots here in levels after New Orleans. change are part of a ‘‘totalitarian’’ plot Washington. This is a challenging issue in a lot of to create a ‘‘world government,’’ and I yield the floor. ways. I have friends who live in these he has compared climate change activ- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- communities who recently bought ists to ‘‘Hitler youth.’’ ator from Rhode Island. homes, but now their homes aren’t To be clear, these allegations of gov- Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- marketable. For most Americans—cer- ernment overreach are coming from dent, I thank Senator WARREN for her tainly for me—my home is the most someone who believes that reading the terrific remarks. When I left off speak- valuable asset I own. If you have that, Koran out loud should be a prosecut- ing, we were talking about the—not and then you suddenly can’t sell it be- able offense in the United States and just the web of denial of organizations cause climate is changing, sea level is who once called for everyone with that have been propped by the pol- rising, flooding is more recurrent, and AIDS to be rounded up and perma- luters to look as though they are real no one will buy your home, it is a very nently quarantined. and to broadcast phony science, but serious issue. Now he has backed away from that also to know that people are on the In addition to the effect on individ- last idea, but don’t worry. Monckton hunt looking for them. uals and businesses because of sea level has found a new idea to address AIDS. I had begun to talk about the aca- rise, the effect on the naval station is He claims to have invented a miracle demic researchers who are treating significant. Current estimates are that cure that can treat everything from this web as a social phenomenon—as a rising sea levels in Norfolk will take HIV to multiple sclerosis to the flu. bizarre sociopolitical phenomenon— the main road entrance into the center You can’t make this stuff up. and beginning to look at how it works. of American naval power and have that The fact is, Monckton is not a cli- I mentioned first Dr. Brulle of Drexel under water 3 hours a day by 2040 just mate scientist or a scientist of any University, and then we were looking because of normal tidal action. In kind. His degrees are in classics and at the work of Dr. Dunlap and Dr. times of storms, it would be worse. journalism. Actual scientists who have McCright—Dr. Dunlap from University Imagine an America that counts on taken a look at his work have found of Oklahoma and Dr. McCright from that Navy, counts on that naval pres- his conclusion to be completely made Michigan State University. ence around the globe having its larg- up. Let’s look for a minute at what they est base inaccessible because of sea So why does it matter that scientific say in their publications. When you lis- level rise. posers like Christopher Monckton and ten to this, consider today’s blockaded We have an interesting community. industry-funded hacks like Willie Soon Senate Chamber. I will quote them. One of the most unique parts of Vir- are running around saying crazy things It is reasonable to conclude that climate ginia is a small island, Tangier Island, about climate change? Well, I will tell change denial campaigns in the U.S.— in the center of the Chesapeake Bay. It you why it matters. It matters because This stuff— has been continually inhabited since by attaching themselves to the Science have played a crucial role in blocking domes- the 1600s as a community for water and Public Policy Institute and other tic legislation and contributing to the U.S. men and women, the folks who have credible-sounding think tanks, people becoming an impediment to international traditionally made their living by start to take them seriously. policymaking. Because of the perceived going out and catching crabs, oysters, threat posed by climate change to their in- You don’t think so? Monckton has terests— and fish. This is a small island, a few testified in front of Congress three acres. It is one of the only places you To the fossil fuel interests— times, each time representing the can go in the United States where you actors in the denial machine have strived to Science and Public Policy Institute. A undermine scientific evidence documenting can hear English spoken as Shake- former chairman of the House Energy its reality and seriousness. Their success in speare would have spoken it, with a and Commerce Committee called him these efforts weakens an essential compo- language that is an Elizabethan lan- ‘‘one of the most knowledgeable, if not nent of societal reflectivity when the need is guage. The community is very isolated the most knowledgeable, expert from a greater than ever. in that way, and so you hear this beau- skeptical point of view on this issue of With that quote, I will yield the tiful English spoken there. The com- climate change.’’ Soon’s work has been floor. I see my friend Senator SULLIVAN munity has many wonderful virtues to repeatedly cited by influential climate has arrived. it, but the Chesapeake Bay is coming

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.018 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4936 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 up around this community and eroding ing is there is no sea level rise. This is there has been no sea level rise and an- it. at odds with the conclusions of vir- other saying there has been a lot and I received a letter from a middle tually every scientist who studied this we could be in for more, if you are won- school student within the last month— issue, including scientists at Virginia dering which one to believe, take a a handwritten letter that might have universities—Old Dominion University look at who is funding the research. been the most heartfelt communica- and at the Virginia Institute of Marine Here is another organization, the tion I have received in 4-plus years in Science at William & Mary. Those sci- Virginia Institute for Public Policy: the Senate—saying: What are you entists say sea level rise has risen a ‘‘Regulations prescribing a reduction, doing about sea level rise? What can foot since industrialization, and the or even a complete cessation, of Vir- you do to help us deal with these issues range of future sea level rise on the ginia’s CO2 emissions will have abso- so Tangier, as an island, does not com- Virginia coast is anywhere from 11⁄2 ad- lutely no effect on global climate.’’ pletely disappear? So for these reasons ditional feet to 7 feet by the year 2100. If there are Virginia regulations that and many others, in Virginia, we take They will acknowledge some question even eliminate Virginia CO2, it will have no effect on global climate. This this very seriously and we have to deal about is it going to be 11⁄2 feet, is it with it. going to be 7 feet, but they don’t chal- is an interesting quote because it is not technically a lie because it is literally I will tell you something else about lenge the basic science surrounding sea true. Virginia’s share of world CO2 Virginia. Virginians believe in science. level rise. So which is it—11⁄2 feet to 7 emissions is infinitesimal. So if Vir- The Virginia political figure we most feet or you don’t need to worry it? ginia eliminated it all, it wouldn’t af- admire was the preeminent scientist of Don’t worry, be happy. Without getting a Ph.D. in atmos- fect the entire globe in a measurable his day, Thomas Jefferson. He was a way. But that is like saying: One vote? scientist. pheric science and building your own quantitative models, how do you know Your vote is not going to make the dif- Virginians overwhelmingly believe in ference or one cigarette will not hurt who is right? Here is a clue. Look at science. Seventy percent of Virginians you so go ahead and have one. accept the scientific consensus that who funds these organizations. In the This argument is a kind of a classic human activity is causing climate case of ODU and William & Mary, the hide-the-ball argument that makes a change and that it is urgent we do Virginia Institute of Marine Science— statement that is technically true, but something about it. Seventy percent of which is one of the most preeminent it essentially is promoting a false point Virginians believe in that proposition. marine sciences organizations in the of view that, oh well, we shouldn’t do I am here because my friend from Nation, with Scripps in San Diego and anything about it. Again, it is the use Rhode Island asked me to come and Woods Hole in Massachusetts—it is not of a literal truth that is basically de- talk about the fact that there is an or- hard. They are State universities. They signed to pitch a message that is gross- ganized effort—not just a battle about are funded by the general assembly of ly misleading. the policy about climate science—to Virginia, which are two Republican So let’s ask about this group, the knowingly try to misrepresent the sta- houses. They are reaching a scientific Virginia Institute for Public Policy, tus of climate science and suggest that conclusion that says climate change is who funds a group that would say climate change is not occurring. They serious, but with the Science and Pub- something like that? Again, the Donors are denying it exists, they are denying lic Policy Institute, it is a bit nebu- Capital Fund that funded the first or- it is a concern, and they are working lous, and it is kind of hard to figure ganization I discussed, as well as the against any reasonable solutions. out. Chase Foundation of Virginia and the Of course, we have to be open to There are online sources that enable Roe Foundation, which support a list points of view, reasonable differences you to track how organizations are of conservative causes. of opinion, and have a debate, but when funded through foundations with ties, If you call an organization the Vir- the science is settled on some things frankly, to the energy. According to ginia Institute for Public Policy, it and people in an organized way—who one of these sources, called sounds kind of neutral and, again, know better—are trying to fight ‘‘DeSmogBlog,’’ one of this major probably trying to do a good thing, but against it, we should be suspicious. funders of this institute, the Science if you go back and look at who is fund- So a group of Senators are speaking and Public Policy Institute, is called ing it and you again find the funding today and tomorrow to discuss these the Donors Capital Fund, which has sources are heavily linked to energy in- organizations that constitute what my distributed $170 million to various con- dustry groups like ExxonMobil, then friend from Rhode Island has termed a servative causes and describes itself as you understand they are not quite as ‘‘web of denial,’’ an organized effort to being ‘‘dedicated to the ideals of lim- impartial as their name would suggest. Here is another quote from the CO deny science. ited government, personal responsi- 2 Coalition: Let me just talk a little bit because bility, and free enterprise.’’ a number of these deniers are compa- A New York Times article from as far Concerns about carbon dioxide being a back as 2003, documents a connection quote-unquote ‘‘pollutant’’ are not valid. Cli- nies that at least have PO boxes or mate change is proceeding very slowly, and nonprofit organizations that at least between this foundation and an organi- the likely increase in temperature for the have PO boxes in Virginia. The same zation that also has a point of view, 21st century is about 1 degree Celsius or less. Virginia where Tangier Island is dis- ExxonMobil. ExxonMobil is a funder or, Well, yes; is that technically true? appearing, the same Virginia where the in the past, has been a funder of this The temperature of the Earth has in- Navy is having to spend to shore up organization. creased by about 1 degree since indus- their infrastructure, also has some Why doesn’t ExxonMobil or a con- trialization, and 197 countries just shadowy organizations that are trying servative organization just publish the signed an agreement in Paris last year to deny the real science involved. material on their own Web sites under to try to limit any further increase to There is an organization involved their own bylines? My guess is, they no more than 1 degree additional. called the Science and Public Policy have scientists who actually know the So this group makes it sound like 1 Institute, and it purports to summarize science. There has been recent infor- degree, who cares about 1 degree? Well, available academic literature. Here is a mation about ExxonMobil. They under- a 100-degree fever is only 2 degrees quote: stand the climate science. They more than normal, but it is enough to couldn’t publish this under their own They further note that decadal variability make you pretty sick. It is actually 1.4 in sea level is observed, but to date there is byline and meet their own standards of degrees more than normal. It is enough no detectable secular increase in the rate of truthfulness, but they are providing to make you pretty sick. sea level rise over the period 1950–2000. They funding to an organization that is de- The number of 0.8 sounds tiny in the also report that no increase in the rate of sea nying climate change. In other words, abstract, but if that is your blood alco- level rise had been detected for the entire the organization is just a delivery vehi- hol content, that gets you a DUI in 20th century. cle for information that is meant to be Virginia. The number sounds small. This is a group that throws in a few seen as impartial scientific informa- Oh, gosh. Why would that make a dif- ‘‘sciency’’ words like ‘‘decadal varia- tion, but it is, in fact, not impartial at ference? That gets you a DUI because bility,’’ but what they are really say- all. So when you see one group saying you are impaired.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.020 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4937 So, yes, the group using the one tem- Let me close and read from Pope the terrorist attacks in Orlando, Paris, perature, 1 degree in temperature, Francis’s encyclical, since the Corn- and Brussels, conflicts from Africa to makes it sound like it is not that big of wall Alliance for the Stewardship of Syria, and Russia’s aggression in a deal—but it is that big of a deal. Creation cherry-picked the piece. I am Ukraine. This is the President speak- This is the last one I want to discuss going to read it as a quote: ing to the Financial Times. These are before I close. This is kind of a doozy Is it realistic to hope that those who are today issues. I also call them today because it is from an open letter to obsessed with maximizing profits will stop to issues. Pope Francis on the topic of the Pope’s reflect on the environmental damage which On Saturday, North Korea launched environmental encyclical. The group is they will leave behind for future genera- another submarine-based ballistic mis- called the Cornwall Alliance for the tions? Where profits alone count, there are sile off the country’s eastern coast. It Stewardship of Creation. Nothing like can be no thinking about the rhythms of na- didn’t go that far, but they are learn- going big if you are going to pick a ture, its phases of decay and regeneration, or ing. Madam President, you and I were the complexity of ecosystems which may be name for yourself. I am glad there is gravely upset by human intervention. Once over there recently. They are learning. somebody who is trying to be a steward we start to think about the kind of world we That is a continuing threat. of creation. Their quote starts with a are leaving to future generations, we look at Then, last Wednesday, before the quote from the 19th Psalm. things differently— President went to the NATO summit— The heavens declare the glory of God; and As to future generations, we look at which, by the way was a successful the firmament proclaims his handiwork. things differently— summit, and I applaud the President Beautiful aspect of the first verse in we realize that the world is a gift which we and Secretary Carter for that sum- Psalm 19, but then the group goes on to have freely received and must share with mit—the President announced that he declare in their own words this: others. Since the world has been given to us, plans to leave 8,400 American troops in By using fossil fuels to generate energy to we can no longer view reality in a purely Afghanistan, more than he originally lift billions of God’s precious children out of utilitarian way, in which efficiency and pro- planned to keep, to combat the poverty, we liberate from the tomb of the ductivity are entirely geared to our indi- Taliban. Again, a lot of us applauded earth the carbon dioxide on which plants and vidual benefit. Intergenerational solidarity that decision. It could have been more, therefore all the rest of life depend. In light is not optional, but rather a basic question but it certainly is better than the tra- of these considerations, we believe it is both of justice, since the world we have received jectory he was going on, which was to also belongs to those who will follow us. unwise and unjust to adopt policies requiring go to zero. reduced use of fossil fuels for energy. Science and faith have a number of During an Armed Services Com- So somebody is really using Scrip- things in common, but one of the most mittee hearing last week, former ture to argue that making our energy important things they have in common NATO Ambassador Nicholas Burns and production cleaner, safer, and cheaper is that their first duty has to be to the the former Supreme Allied Com- violates the Christian tenet of caring truth. I hope all actors in the political mander, Marine Gen. James Jones dis- for the poor. process, whatever their views, will re- cussed the report that was coauthored I am a Christian, and many of us in member that and have that same com- by the Atlantic Council, again talking this body have a deep-faith background mitment. about the importance of NATO’s build- in one faith or another, but I will use a I thank the Chair, and with that, I ing up our military forces not only on non-Christian phrase to describe that yield the floor. the eastern flank but in the Arctic—an argument. It takes a lot of chutzpa to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- area in which, as Alaska’s Senator, I claim your religious faith and compas- ator from Alaska. am very interested—where the Rus- Mr. SULLIVAN. Madam President, sion for the poor drives you to support sians have dramatically expanded their my colleagues from Virginia and Rhode pollution-intensive energy, especially military footprint in exercises. when the organization refuses to reveal Island, for whom I have a lot of re- Over the weekend, in the Wall Street how it is funded. spect, have been on the floor talking Journal, it was reported that even In closing, we certainly don’t want to about an important issue—what my after reaching the Iran nuclear deal, imply that all groups that have an colleague from Virginia called a Iran continued trying to illegally pro- agenda or have a point of view are mo- ‘‘today issue.’’ Well, I would also like cure nuclear equipment from Germany. tivated by funding sources, but the web to talk about a today issue as well, and So we have the Iranian threat, which of denial the Senator from Rhode Is- one that I think certainly the Amer- definitely is not going away after the land is asking us to come out and talk ican public is interested in. ill-gotten and misguided nuclear deal about tonight is one that includes a In the past week we have had a lot of by the President. number of organizations that are cli- today issues. As a matter of fact, in the Tomorrow morning, there is going to mate deniers, and they are denying last week there have been new develop- be big news. There is expected to be a science that in my view they actually ments globally relating to our national tribunal ruling on what is going on in know to be true. security, the defense of the United the South China Sea. Again, the Chair There comes a point when the truth States, and the importance of our mili- and I were there recently, in that re- becomes so hard to deny that those tary in ways that are pretty dramatic. gion of the world, in Singapore, for the who deny it are simply not credible. I would like to list some of these, and Shangri-La Dialogue. To Secretary And you have to then ask the question: this is literally in the last 7 days. Carter’s credit and Admiral Harris’ Why are you denying it? Today, Secretary Carter announced credit, we have had two carrier battle I assert that most of these organiza- from Iraq, where he is right now, that groups out there recently—two. That is tions understand the science, they ac- the United States will be deploying an- very important. cept the science, and they realize it to other 560 troops in our fight against So this is what has happened in a be true. So why do they deny the ISIS. A lot of us support additional week. This is what our military is fac- science? The answer is greed. That is troops, and the Secretary announced ing in 1 week. So what did this body the basic answer. Many of the organi- that. On Friday, at the NATO summit, do? What did the Senate do as it re- zations we are discussing are funded President Obama announced that the lates to actions in terms of our mili- primarily by fossil fuel interests. If United States will be deploying 1,000 tary and dealing with all these threats they can delay, even by 1 year or 2 U.S. troops and a separate brigade of just 1 week? What did we do? Led by years or 5 years or even 6 months, the headquarters to Poland as part of an the Senate minority leader and my col- enactment of policies that would move effort by NATO to strengthen its east- leagues on the other side of the aisle, us toward fewer fossil fuels, it will hurt ern flank against Russian aggression. we filibustered spending for our troops. their bottom line. The President was actually quoted in That is what the Senate did. We fili- So rather than come up here and the Financial Times extensively. He bustered spending for our troops. That argue about what the right transition stated: ‘‘This may be the most impor- is right. We blocked funding for our should be, they are handing funds over tant moment for our transatlantic alli- military, which has to deal with all to organizations that are trying to con- ance since the end of the Cold War.’’ these issues. fuse the American public about science Then he talked about all the dif- Now, I know it was in the dead of the itself. ferent national security crises—ISIS, night. I think it took place around

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:55 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.021 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4938 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 midnight. I am sure some of my col- Times, stated that this is possibly the three times but four times? Why are leagues were hoping nobody saw it. But most important moment in terms of my colleagues following his lead? I this is not like an anomaly. As a mat- the security of the transatlantic alli- don’t know why. But what I do know is ter of fact, this was the fourth time the ance since the Cold War. that we should not be heading out on a minority leader led my colleagues on The Presiding Officer and I actually 2-month recess without voting again on the other side of the aisle into filibus- had the honor of recently going to see funding our troops—without voting to tering the Defense appropriations bill the new Secretary of the Army review fund our troops—especially given all that funds our troops and keeps our the troops and review the Old Guard. the challenges I just listed here. We Nation safe. Let me repeat that. This She and I proudly represented the Sen- know they are there. The President bill has been filibustered not once, not ate. We have a new Secretary of the was talking about them. We talk about twice, not three times but four times Army who is going to do a great job. them. But we don’t want to fund the in the last year. The Chief of Staff of the Army, General troops? This is the bill the minority leader Milley, spoke during that. He said one We owe it to the American people likes to filibuster more than anything, of the most important things the Sen- and to our troops to have a vote on this and this is despite the fact that when ate and the Congress can do in the next Defense appropriations bill again. Let this bill came out of the Committee on 5 weeks is to make sure there is a my colleagues come to the floor and Appropriations, it had huge bipartisan budget for the U.S. military and for the explain why they are going to vote to support. I think only three members of U.S. Army. That is what he said. So he filibuster this bill again, because when the committee voted against it. This certainly laid out what he thought was we bring it up again—and I certainly year it came out of the committee important. hope we do so this week—if they vote unanimously. As a matter of fact, serving together to filibuster it again, that will become So what does this bill do? We just on the Committee on Armed Services, the fifth time inside of a year. talked about the threats that every- the Presiding Officer and I hear this body agrees exist. I will just cover a from every single admiral and general, What we need to do is to bring back few of the highlights. First, and very including Secretary Carter: Fund the a longstanding tradition that used to importantly, it is actually consistent troops—certainty. exist in the Senate, which was the bi- with the bipartisan budget agreement But the minority leader thinks it is partisan funding of our military. That of 2015. So any discussion of how it is fine to block funding for our troops. is certainly what we are all focused on. not fitting what we agreed to is not Maybe he knows more than Secretary That is what we thought we were going true. It is consistent with that. Carter. Maybe he knows more than to do when we got the budget deal. Readiness. We all know we need read- General Milley. Unfortunately, he has That is what we thought we were going iness for our military. It funds $212 bil- made a habit out of doing this. In my to do when we saw these very big bipar- lion in terms of base operations and short time in the Senate—11⁄2 years— tisan numbers coming out of the Ap- maintenance accounts, training—enor- this is the bill the minority leader has propriations Committee. Yet, every mously important—and shipbuilding. A decided to filibuster more than any time we try to bring this bill to the significant portion goes to shipbuilding other bill. Since I have been here, he floor—this year and last year—the mi- to make sure we have a strong navy. It has done that four times. Think about nority leader filibusters it. The Amer- is similar with regard to aircraft pro- that. ican people are watching. The Amer- curement to have a strong Air Force— I hope the American people are ican people are watching. significant billions of dollars of fund- watching. Four times in a year the bill A recent Politico article talked ing for our Air Force. It even has, for that gets picked on more than any about this. A defense analyst from the the first time, funding for an ice- other bill is the one that funds the Heritage Foundation said: breaker, which more and more of my troops and our national security, and it I think this is pretty disappointing, but colleagues in the Congress are recog- happened again in the wee hours of the sadly not surprising. . . . There used to be a nizing as critical to our national secu- night last week. bipartisan consensus that defense was a pri- rity. So why does he do this? I have no ority, but sadly I think that consensus no Missile defense. With the growing earthly idea why he does this. If you longer exists. . . . With the Senate Demo- threat from North Korea and Iran, asked Americans back home in Iowa, crats stopping DOD [appropriations], the there is significant funding for missile Alaska, or in any State—Democrats or Pentagon will at least have to wait until defense and the National Guard and Republicans; it doesn’t matter the after the election for its budget, and maybe Reserve equipment account. The Pre- party—the people would say that na- even into the next calendar year [to get its budget]. siding Officer has been a leader in the tional defense and funding our troops is National Guard and Reserve. There is probably the most important thing we That is because my colleagues on the almost $1 billion for the National do. It is certainly one of the top one or other side of the aisle are filibustering Guard and Reserve equipment account, two. But the minority leader last year this bill. How does that help our which is lacking. said the Defense appropriations bill is troops? How does that help the na- Of course, there is military pay. The ‘‘a waste of time.’’ Last week he put tional defense of the United States? Defense appropriations bill fully funds out a statement saying he needed a Somebody please come down here and an Active-Duty end strength of 1.2 mil- commitment that this bill abides by explain this to me. I agree with this lion members of the military and a Re- the bipartisan budget deal. analyst where he said this is sad. serve component end strength of Well, guess what. The bill does abide I hope we will bring this bill to the 800,000, and it funds a 1.6 percent pay by the bipartisan budget deal. There is floor again and drop what has been raise. no one making the argument that it happening, which is playing politics Those are some of the highlights of doesn’t. So I have no idea. I have no with our troops and funding our mili- the bill we need, and some of the high- idea why he singles out funding for our tary. lights of the bill that was filibustered brave men and women in uniform, in the wee hours of the evening last thousands of whom, by the way, are I will conclude by saying that after Thursday night. serving overseas in combat—yes, in the Vietnam war, the Democratic Our Nation needs this bill. Our troops combat, right now. We are not going to Party gained a reputation as the anti- certainly need this bill. Our allies need fund them, though. We will filibuster military party of America, and they this bill. We have held hearings in the that. Maybe he can come down and ex- struggled for years to shed that reputa- Committee on Armed Services. The plain it. tion. I don’t think having any of Amer- Chair will remember when Secretary Here is something else I really don’t ica’s major political parties being Kissinger came and testified that the understand. I mean, I really don’t un- viewed as anti-military is good for us United States has not faced a more di- derstand this. Why is it that so many as a nation. verse and complex array of crises since of my colleagues follow his lead on Support for our military should the end of World War II. Even the this—to filibuster funding for Amer- never be a partisan issue, and I proudly President, last week in the Financial ica’s military not once, not twice, not serve—with the Presiding Officer and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.022 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4939 others—on the Armed Services Com- deep-pocketed energy interests have to install staffers at the Bush Office of mittee and the Veterans’ Affairs Com- funded campaign after campaign Management and Budget in charge of mittee. I know for a fact that my col- against action on climate change. We regulations. In 2009 Mercatus attacked leagues on those very bipartisan com- know that the NRA has a stranglehold the Obama administration’s plan to mittees—Democrats and Republicans— on gun reform. Well, the Koch brothers monitor greenhouse gas emissions. support our troops, support national have a stranglehold on any legislation Some might be thinking, so what? It defense, and support the military. And on climate change—at least as long as is just a few academic papers and pol- I know many of my colleagues in this our colleagues on the other side of the icy recommendations. Why does it body—many on the other side of the aisle are in the majority in either matter? It matters because this private aisle—have served with distinction in House. sector-funded research is being used to the military for decades and are strong One of the key strategies—how do give the false impression that there is supporters of our men and women in they do this? Lots of different ways. a legitimate academic debate about cli- uniform. I have seen it. I have seen it We have seen those ridiculous commer- mate change, and then that debate is my entire short time in the Senate. cials. They are afraid to say who they used by colleagues as an excuse for no But four filibusters blocking funding are. They have these ads; lots of poor action. It is no different from how the for our troops inside of a year certainly people, minorities; oh, the Koch broth- tobacco industry funded research that makes one wonder what is going on ers are hurting—are helping. Koch In- minimized the health dangers of smok- with the leadership of my colleagues on dustries. And then they have one little ing cigarettes so they could turn the other side of the aisle when it sentence: Get rid of regulations. That around and argue: There is no conclu- comes to supporting our troops. I hope is all they say. So they have lots of dif- sive evidence that cigarettes are dan- they come down and explain it this ferent mechanisms for hiding what gerous. No need to regulate us. week. they believe but profoundly influencing Millions of people died because of What we need to do this week is vote America. that. And millions of people are getting again on the Defense appropriations One of the ways they have done that ill and many millions more will lose bill and do the right thing. We all know is by funding think tanks and academic their jobs and we will lose our globe be- what the right thing is and the Amer- institutions to deliberately cast doubt cause of what the Koch brothers are ican people know what the right thing on the signs of climate change in order doing. We now know how deceptive and is. We need to fund our troops, we need to protect their own financial inter- cynical their strategy was. Well, that to keep them safe, and we need to keep ests. The Koch brothers earn their bil- was the tobacco industry. It is hap- our country safe. lions leading the private oil, chemical, pening today, and it is having the same Madam President, I yield the floor. and manufacturing conglomerate Koch serious consequences. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Industries. In short, they are the pre- Ninety-seven percent of climate sci- ator from New York. mier anti-environmental, pro-pollution entists agree that climate change is Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I duo of the 21st century, and over the happening. Democrats know that cli- am here to speak on the Koch brothers, past two decades, they have mastered a mate change is happening and want to but first I want to say briefly to my strategy meant to confuse the Amer- do something about it today, but con- good friend from Alaska: Instead of ican people about climate change by gressional Republicans, following their playing political games, if he wants to funding ‘‘think tanks’’ and ‘‘university Koch brother funders, holding up stud- pass a defense bill, we all know what programs’’ that adhere to their anti- ies by the Mercatus Center, funded also has to be done in a bipartisan way. You science agenda. by the Koch brothers, refuse to act and don’t just take a bill, throw it down, Take the Mercatus Center at George even deny it exists. and say ‘‘Take it or leave it.’’ That is Mason University. They should call it I would say to the Koch brothers: At what happened last year. We worked in the Koch Center. Charles Koch sits on least be honest. If you really believe a bipartisan way. Defense spending got the board. Over the last decade, it has what you say, why not come clean? Why not put out a commercial that an increase. So let’s stop all the rhet- received tens of millions in funding says: ‘‘Koch brothers. We don’t believe oric and politicizing this issue. Let’s from the Koch brothers and $300,000 at in climate change. Koch Industries. We work together and get it done. least from Big Oil. So it should come as don’t believe that we should regulate CLIMATE CHANGE no surprise that the Mercatus Center the environment.’’ Put that on TV so Now, Madam President, I want to publishes research that closely mirrors when we are watching ‘‘Morning Joe,’’ talk about the issue before us, and that the ideology of the Koch brothers and we don’t have these glossy ads that is the amazing influence of the Koch routinely advocates for policies that give the exact opposite impression. Do brothers—two people—on what is going are in their business interests, espe- you know why? They know no one is on in this country and particularly cially climate change denial. They going to believe them. They want to when it comes to climate change. I cloak their views in an academic guise, use their money as power, secret thank Senator KAINE, who spoke before but if you just examine it, you know power, and one of the secret power me, and particularly Senator WHITE- what is going on: Mercatus Center, ways they use that money is through HOUSE, who has not only organized funded by the Koch brothers, talks institutions like the Mercatus Center. these speeches but has been the leader against climate change. Do we think Before all of us can come together on in our caucus on focusing on this issue, that is objective? I don’t. Let’s look at climate change and do something sig- and it is getting good resonance with some of the activities of the center. In nificant—it is not easy—we have to the American people. 2001 they suggested that global warm- start agreeing about how immediate We have talked. We have failed to act ing would be ‘‘beneficial’’ and would and incredible the challenge is. With on a number of issues in the last few ‘‘stimulate plant growth and make hu- things like the Mercatus Center throw- weeks—Zika, funding the opioid crisis, mans better off.’’ These are the Koch ing sand in the gears, that becomes sensible gun safety measures, a Su- brothers. more difficult—not for legitimate rea- preme Court nominee and other judi- During the early years of George W. sons but because special interest cial nominees. It is stunning how little Bush’s Presidency, the Wall Street money cloaks its beliefs in academic we have done our job. But probably at Journal reported that 14 of the 23 regu- centers that stall progress. the top of the list which deserves at- lations targeted for repeal by the ad- Anyone who participates in this tention is that Congress has not done ministration were suggested by—guess should be ashamed of themselves—not its job on climate change. Why? Why? who. The nonpartisan, objective, non- just the Koch brothers but so many It is so apparent. Just look at any map funded Koch brothers’ Mercatus Cen- others who put out these studies and of the globe. Senator KAINE and Sen- ter, including rollback of EPA pollu- take the money. Shame. Future gen- ator WHITEHOUSE are exactly right tion rules. In 2006 the Mercatus Center erations and our generation are going about the reason: far-right groups attacked the bipartisan work to reduce to pay the price. dominated by the Koch brothers. They tailpipe emissions and implement new Madam President, I yield the floor. hide where they send their money, but efficiency standards for automobiles The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- they dominate it all. They and other and trucks. In 2007 Mercatus was able ator from Rhode Island.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.024 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4940 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- whelming majority of cops, it is a call- ered by police officers who were just dent, I understand the majority leader ing. It is not a job. It is in the fashion doing their job, risking their lives for will be coming to close out the Senate of Romans 13—a chapter that speaks this mother and her son. shortly and then allow us who are very clearly about the fact that gov- What a picture: the best of America, speaking to continue after that. I see ernment officials wearing a sword can very clear; the sniper, the worst of Senator SCOTT here, so let me yield to be ministers; in other words, sharing America, is just as clear. him. love and affection and appreciation for Miss Taylor made a very good point The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- those they guard and having the abil- when discussing what happened. Here ator from South Carolina. ity to provide punishment when nec- is her quote. She said: ‘‘These are the A FAMILY CONVERSATION essary. We are talking about men and people you call when you’re in a situa- Mr. SCOTT. Madam President, I be- women who work for a very low wage tion. . . . What are we gonna do if they lieve our Nation is in desperate need of all over the country and who see their stop policing?’’ a family conversation. The American job as a calling. So many of them—the Let me ask the question that Miss family as a whole needs to sit down, vast majority—do it so well. Taylor asked one more time. What are come to the same table, and talk with Law enforcement officers simply we going to do if they stop policing? our relatives. That means each of us want to do two things: protect and Who are you going to call? talking to each other about the chal- serve. We cannot allow the actions of a These are the stories that should give lenges we have seen in our Nation over few to overwhelm the good of the ma- us faith in law enforcement. While we all of last week—a challenging week in jority. To illustrate this, I want to certainly have issues that demand so- America’s history, without any ques- share a few stories so we can put in lutions—and I, too, have had some tion; a challenging time period for frame, put in focus the sacrifice and issues with law enforcement that I am Americans all over this country, with- the commitment that so many officers going to share in my next speech on out any question; protests, riots; chal- exhibit every single day throughout Wednesday. I will be giving three lenges we haven’t seen in a very long our Nation. speeches. This is the first one. In the time. My first story is a story of a young next one, I will talk about some of the We stand here today at a crossroads. lady named Jillian Smith, a young Af- issues that so many folks have experi- Our Nation is experiencing turmoil we rican-American female police officer enced. I want to spend time on this, haven’t seen in generations—decades from just west of Dallas in Arlington, but this is a moment in time when we since we have seen this type of turmoil TX. In December 2010, Officer Smith re- should stop the camera, create a frame. all around the country. My heart sponded to a domestic violence situa- Let’s focus on the fact that our law en- breaks for all of us. tion. She arrived and met a beautiful forcement officers are true American This week on this floor, I will give a 11-year-old girl and her mother, both heroes, period. series of speeches in hopes of illu- fearful. minating some of the issues before us, I want to stop for a moment and When you are looking for a hero, as well as what I believe are essential make sure we get the frame. sometimes you look for athletes; steps toward closing both the wounds Here comes an officer, Officer Smith, maybe that is not the best place. You newly opened and others that have ac- who shows up to make sure the folks look for entertainers; maybe that is tually never healed. In other words, who called were safe. The people who not the best place. You look at Con- there are wounds that have existed for called were an 11-year-old girl and her gress—9 percent approval rating; that more than a generation, and it is time mother. They were fearful the mother’s is probably not the right place. But our for the American family to work to- boyfriend would show up and do some- men and women who put on a law en- gether to heal some of these wounds. thing dangerous. And dangerous—he forcement uniform—these folks are Last Friday, deep in the heart of did do something incredibly brutal. real American heroes. Texas, we saw both the best and the Officer Smith, hearing gunfire, in an In my State of South Carolina, offi- worst of humanity. Only in America instant jumped on top of the body of cers like Greg Alia, who gave his life would you see police officers alongside the 11-year-old. As the bullets rang last year in Columbia, SC; officers like protesters who were protesting police out, she kept herself on top of that 11- Allen Jacobs, who gave his life in brutality. If you take a step back and year-old girl. The girlfriend’s boyfriend Greenville, SC; and in Charleston, Joe picture it for just a moment, here is a would end up killing the mother and Matuskovic, who was killed by a man scene of police officers protecting pro- then killing himself. Before he did so, shooting through a door—body slumps testers who are protesting police bru- he killed Officer Smith. Without a sec- over, and my mentor, whom I have spo- tality. In this picture, we don’t see ten- ond thought, Officer Smith did what so ken about for so long, John Moniz’s sion or animosity; we see smiles. We many law enforcement officers do in- son—I call him a brother from another see police officers working, taking pic- stinctively—protect those who are ex- mother—was the first deputy on the tures, and making sure that everyone posed. Officer Jillian Smith, a true scene and dragged the lifeless body of was having the appropriate time and, American hero, gave her life to protect his friend, his colleague, from that for some, even an enjoyable experience the life of an 11-year-old girl she had door, trying to get that body com- with law enforcement. never met before knocking on that pletely out of harm’s way. But then the shots rang out. Police door. To me, as I said a few seconds ago, turned very quickly to protect those This story and other stories aren’t Brian Moniz, sheriff’s deputies, and po- protesters, and protesters helped police unusual. They want to serve and pro- lice officers are our heroes, and we identify where the shots were coming tect. We saw this same heroism last should focus on that for a moment. We from. Somehow at the exact same Friday evening, as told by Shetamia must come together. We must find so- time, Dallas came together and at the Taylor. Miss Taylor was at the protest. lutions. We must get to a point where exact time was torn apart. In what ap- She was there exercising her first con- the American family—our family—has pears to be one man’s warped mind, stitutional right. Then the sniper a real conversation about the issues retribution became his answer to frus- started shooting. that divide us, the differences of our tration, and his hate left five police of- Miss Taylor had gone there with her experiences, yet remain a single family ficers dead and seven other officers four sons. She, for the lack of a better with a single mission and make sure wounded. We continue to mourn for word, freaked out. Bullets were flying. that every part of the American family them and their families today. We She ran to cover her one son. Accord- feels valued. must not—we must not—become a soci- ing to her account of the situation, be- I am starting tonight with our law ety where revenge is the rule of the fore she knew it, there was a cop who enforcement, the part of the family we day. was covering her and her son. The next depend on, as Miss Taylor so perfectly Our Nation is dependent on the rule thing you knew, another cop was at her stated. If we do have this necessary, of law, and to enforce the law, we need feet and another cop toward her head. painful conversation as an American honest, hardworking men and women In the midst of a sniper shooting at family, we can say with a new to take up the shield. For the over- cops, she found herself surrounded, cov- freshness, ‘‘God bless America.’’ We

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:23 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.025 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4941 can say with new focus to our Amer- ing iconic properties on the Las Vegas After serving 14 years in the Wyo- ican heroes, ‘‘God bless our law en- Strip and housing developments ming House and Senate, where she fo- forcement community.’’ throughout the valley. AIA members cused largely on agriculture and nat- I don’t expect to give such a speech developed many of the same entertain- ural resources issues, CYNTHIA served without having some folks respond ment venues that accommodate tour- as Governor Geringer’s policy director positively and some even negatively. ists and provide essential jobs for Ne- and was then elected State treasurer. But this night, this day, knowing that vadans. The creative genius of archi- While serving as treasurer, CYNTHIA be- tomorrow in Texas our current Presi- tects was essential to transforming Las came the first woman on the Cheyenne dent, our former President, and a num- Vegas into the ‘‘Entertainment Capitol Frontier Days board of directors. For ber of folks throughout the State of of the World,’’ which welcomes more all of these reasons and more, CYNTHIA Texas will be together in a part of our than 50 million visitors annually. was named a 2005 Outstanding Alumna family territory, celebrating the sac- Members of the AIA have made a sig- for the University of Wyoming College rifices, mourning the loss, but doing nificant and positive contribution to of Agriculture. something that needs to be done. It is the security, arts, culture, beauty, and But CYNTHIA wasn’t done fighting for simply this: not coming as a Democrat, livability of our community. Southern Wyoming or the agriculture industry. not coming as a Republican, not com- Nevada is a better place to live and In 2008, she took the next step in her ing as a Black American, not coming work because of the efforts of AIA Las political career and was elected to the as a White American, not coming as a Vegas. I appreciate and admire the U.S. House of Representatives. CYNTHIA Hispanic American, but coming to a dedicated professionals of the AIA, and has proven to be up to the challenge of family gathering for family funerals— I wish them continued success for being our State’s lone voice in the plural—which hopefully will start a years to come as they design the future House, and I have been proud to work family conversation that I will look of Las Vegas. with her. forward to continuing on Wednesday. f Through all of this, CYNTHIA has been Madam President, I thank you. TRIBUTE TO CYNTHIA LUMMIS active in the operations of the Lummis family ranch. I am sure she will con- Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, Mr. ENZI. Madam President, each tinue to work on behalf of the State I wish to commend the Senator from year the Wyoming Agriculture Hall of and the industry that she has loved her South Carolina for an extraordinary Fame asks for nominations of farmers, entire life. speech. I look forward to hearing the ranchers, and others who contribute to I want to extend my congratulations two subsequent speeches that the Sen- the agriculture industry in Wyoming. to CYNTHIA for everything she has ac- ator from South Carolina is going to After the nominations are received, a complished and for her induction into make on the subject. No one better ex- panel of three judges selects those who the Wyoming Agriculture Hall of presses in stronger and more persua- will be added to the hall of fame. This Fame. She would be the first to say she sive terms what needs to be said in the year U.S. Representative CYNTHIA LUM- couldn’t have done it alone, so I also wake of these tragedies than the Sen- MIS is one of the hall’s inductees. I want to recognize CYNTHIA’s family and ator from South Carolina, and I con- think it’s fitting that CYNTHIA is being gratulate him on his outstanding re- added to the hall of fame’s roster on its in particular her daughter, Annaliese, marks. 25th anniversary because her participa- and her husband, Al. For years, CYN- f tion, encouragement, and support of THIA and Alvin were a team that took on the issues that will direct the future MORNING BUSINESS our State’s farmers and ranchers de- serve to be recognized on a momentous of Wyoming and our Nation, and I Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, occasion for the Hall itself. know Alvin would be so proud of her I ask unanimous consent that the Sen- CYNTHIA has a long background in ag- recognition in the Wyoming Agri- ate be in a period of morning business, riculture, beginning on her family’s culture Hall of Fame. with Senators permitted to speak ranch on Crow Creek. Growing up, she f therein for up to 10 minutes each. learned about the importance of being The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without REMEMBERING SERGEANT DAVID a good steward of the land, how to tend THATCHER objection, it is so ordered. her family’s livestock, and how to f make good use of all the resources that Mr. DAINES. Madam President, I want to recognize SGT David Thatcher, 60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE were at her disposal. She also partici- pated in 4–H, raising shorthorn cattle. a member of the Greatest Generation AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHI- and a true American hero, who sadly TECTS LAS VEGAS CHAPTER Over time CYNTHIA became a skilled horseman, and she used that talent to passed away on June 22, 2016, in Mis- Mr. REID. Madam President, today I good effect at the world’s largest out- soula, MT. Born on July 31, 1921, in wish to recognize the 60th anniversary door rodeo: Cheyenne Frontier Days. Bridger, MT to homesteaders, Joseph of the American Institute of Archi- In fact, CYNTHIA was such an impor- and Dorothea Thatcher, David grew up tects, or AIA, Las Vegas chapter. tant addition to the ‘‘Daddy of ‘em in Montana during the Great Depres- Established in 1857, the AIA works to All’’ that she is also being inducted sion. elevate the architecture profession into the Cheyenne Frontier Days Hall David enlisted in the U.S. Army Air throughout the United States. In Ne- of Fame this year. It is worth noting Corps and in 1942 volunteered to go on vada, a small group of architects joined that her parents, Doran and Enid, and a secret mission that ultimately be- together to promote a high standard of her whole family have already been in- came the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo. He architecture and started the first AIA ducted into that hall, but this year, was a crew member on plane No. 7, the chapter in Las Vegas in 1956. At first, CYNTHIA will be recognized for her sin- Ruptured Duck, which crash landed in the chapters were so small that indi- gular contributions, from repairing pa- water off China after their bombing vidual members took turns acting as rade costumes to serving as ‘‘Miss mission. His heroic efforts saved the president. The organization has grown Frontier.’’ CYNTHIA is fully deserving lives of his badly injured crew mem- into one of the leading professional or- of that honor, and this is just another bers, and with the help of local Chinese ganizations in my State, and the Las example of the mark she has left on guerillas, he helped his crew evade Jap- Vegas chapter recently elected excep- every corner of our State. anese troops and make their way to tional leaders from its membership, in- At the University of Wyoming, CYN- safety. cluding the current president, Brett THIA received degrees in animal science Sergeant Thatcher’s actions and Ewing, and the president-elect, Jon and biology and was a member of the those of all of the Doolittle’s Raiders Sparer. rodeo team. She then became the were nothing but heroic, yet Sergeant The Las Vegas Chapter of AIA has youngest woman ever elected to the Thatcher was a humble man and did played a distinct role in the expansion Wyoming Legislature and also earned a not feel he did anything great. He just of Las Vegas and Clark County. With law degree from UW. She put that de- felt he was doing his job. Doing his job, the incredible growth in Nevada, archi- gree to use as a clerk for the Wyoming however, helped to win a war and main- tects have played a key role in design- Supreme Court and in private practice. tain our freedom as a nation. Sergeant

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:55 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.026 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 Thatcher will be missed by his family, Chief of Staff for newly elected Senator their hiking trips. One girl had re- Montanans, and an entire grateful na- Floyd Haskell, a lifelong friend. cently fractured her foot and would tion. In 1979, the Wolfs returned permanently to have missed out on the group adven- Denver where he became Regional Small f Business Advocate. ture if it weren’t for Kuntz. Keller says that Kuntz graciously carried the little REMEMBERING SONIA AND Wolf was considered a great success mould- ing together the freshman agency within six girl on his back up and down the moun- MARTIN J. WOLF mountain states. When he retired in 1985, tain trail. Together the pair spent the Mr. BENNET. Madam President, Gov. Richard Lamm proclaimed ‘‘Martin J. day smiling, laughing, and Kuntz even today I want to recognize the legacy of Wolf Day’’ in Colorado, hailing ‘‘his dedi- sang songs to entertain her and the two great Coloradans, Sonia and Mar- cated, thoughtful, persuasive leadership.’’ students throughout the day. tin J. Wolf. After 54 years of marriage Wolf went on to assist Gov. Lamm as an AA and completed his long career as Denver Kuntz is a selfless volunteer who do- and a lifetime of public service, Martin Mayor Federico Pen˜ a’s Assistant for Boards nates his time and money and expects and Sonia passed away recently within and Commissions from 1988 to 1991. very little in return. On numerous oc- weeks of each other in Denver, CO. During retirement, the Wolfs contributed casions he has purchased items out of Martin Wolf was chief of staff to Sen- their efforts to numerous not-for-profit en- his own pocket to help out with main- ators Mike Gravel and Floyd Haskell deavors and were much sought after for their tenance or building projects. Most re- and administrative assistant to two calm, genial expertise, achieved over a life- cently, Kuntz helped to complete a gar- Colorado Governors and former Denver time of public service. In particular they supported the Multiple Sclerosis Society in den for the school so that students can Mayor Federico Pen˜ a. He then went on response to Sonia’s heroic lifelong struggle grow vegetables and cultivate a first- to work on President Johnson’s staff— with MS. They never missed a chance to par- hand knowledge of agriculture. all with the love of his life by his side. ticipate in Presidential campaigns as loyal He embodies the diligent and gra- The two spent a lifetime advocating for Democrats. cious heart of Ennis citizens and is in- what they believed in, and they worked A memorial service will be held on June 6 stilling that into the future Montana tirelessly to leave the world a better at 11 a.m. at the Little Ivy Chapel, 430 S. farmers, educators, and leaders grow- place than they found it. Quebec St., Denver, CO (Tel: 303 399 0692). ing up in Ennis. Montana is truly one Martin Wolf passed from us on February 3, of the last best places, and I am hon- Their dedication to public service is 2016 and Sonia Wolf joined him on May 1, widely renowned and respected. Martin 2016. ored that Tom is so invested in the suc- and Sonia, and the passion they carried The Wolfs are survived by a number of rel- cess of our children. Thank you, Tom, for their work, will be deeply missed. atives, including Sonia’s brother, Eugene and welcome home.∑ Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Kesser of Miami, FL; Martin’s nephew, Paul f sent that the following obituary for the Downing of Denver and two godchildren TRIBUTE TO NOAH COZAD Wolfs be printed in the RECORD. whom they considered ‘‘grandchildren,’’ There being no objection, the mate- Broadway director, Ethan McSweeny of ∑ Mr. ROUNDS. Madam President, rial was ordered to be printed in the Brooklyn, NY and Federal Trade Commis- today I recognize Noah Cozad, an in- sioner, Terrell McSweeny of Washington, DC. RECORD, as follows: In lieu of flowers, contributions can be tern in my Washington, DC, office, for Admired for their decades of public service, made to the Colorado Multiple Sclerosis So- all of the hard work he has done for Sonia and Martin J. Wolf, married for fifty- ciety, 900 S. Broadway, Suite 250, Denver, CO me, my staff, and the State of South four years, died within weeks of each other 80209. Dakota. in Denver, CO. f Noah is a graduate of Washington Mr. Wolf was Chief of Staff to two United High School in Sioux Falls, SD. He re- States Senators and Administrative Assist- ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS cently graduated from the University ant to two Colorado Governors and a Denver Mayor. They were much admired in Wash- of Minnesota in Minneapolis, where he ington and Denver for their devotion to each TRIBUTE TO TOM KUNTZ studied political science, global stud- ies, and German. He is a dedicated and other and to public service. ∑ Mr. DAINES. Madam President, nes- Mrs. Wolf, a native New Yorker raised pri- diligent worker who has been devoted tled along the banks of the Madison marily in Miami, Florida, met her husband to getting the most out of his intern- River, protected by the Madison, Grav- during her career as an accountant and fi- ship experience and who has been a nancial advisor. Recognizing that they must elly, and Tobacco Root Mountains sits true asset to the office. be lifetime companions, they slipped away the charming town of Ennis, MT. Ennis I extend my sincere thanks and ap- for a weekend from the campaign of Gov. is a strong community of nearly 1,000 Steve McNichols to get married in 1962, fly- preciation to Noah for all of the fine citizens. This humble city boasts blue work he has done and wish him contin- ing to Santa Fe where New Mexico’s Gov- ribbon trout fishing, gorgeous hiking, ernor made special arrangements to open a ued success in the years to come.∑ and attracts people from all walks of court on a Saturday. They were inseparable f ever after. life to the spirit and values of the Old Mr. Wolf, a Colorado native, was a Navy West. TRIBUTE TO ANDREW LEIFERMAN veteran of WW II, graduating from Denver Tom Kuntz and his wife made Ennis, ∑ Mr. ROUNDS. Madam President, University in 1950. He embarked on a jour- MT, their home in 2014. Since then, he today I recognize Andrew Leiferman, nalism career that took him to posts in Aus- has weaved himself into the fabric of an intern in my Washington, DC, of- tralia and Alaska before returning to Denver this community as a dedicated volun- as a reporter on KOA–TV. fice, for all of the hard work he has In 1962 he became Press Secretary for Gov. teer at Ennis Community Children’s done for me, my staff, and the State of McNichols, also directing Coloradans for School. After raising kids of his own, South Dakota. President Lyndon Johnson in 1964. Kuntz still wanted to be involved in Andrew is a graduate of T.F. Riggs LBJ’s White House Chief of Staff W. the lives of children. They say it takes High School in Pierre, SD. He attends Marvin Watson was so impressed that he a village to raise a child, and Kuntz the University of North Carolina at brought Sonia and Marty to Washington as takes his part in this happily. Greensboro, where he studies finance Special Assistant to Chairman John Bailey Lacy Keller, director of the Commu- and economics. He is an analytical and at the DNC and later as Special Assistant to nity School, says Kuntz is a weekly The Postmaster General when Watson was diligent worker who has been devoted appointed to the Cabinet. volunteer and lends a hand whenever to getting the most out of his intern- In 1970, Marty became Chief of Staff to and wherever he can. ‘‘He comes in ship experience and who has been a Alaska Senator Mike Gravel. In that posi- every week, hangs out with the kids, true asset to the office. tion, he came into possession of the ‘‘Pen- comes on field trips, fixes our bikes and I extend my sincere thanks and ap- tagon Papers,’’ loading the boxes into the broken toys, mows the lawn, he does preciation to Andrew for all of the fine trunk of his car. To Sonia’s chagrin, he kept whatever he can for us and the kids.’’ work he has done and wish him contin- a lifelong pledge never to reveal his source The community school averages 20–25 ued success in the years to come.∑ to anyone. Senator Gravel astounded the children ranging in ages from 2–12, and world reading sections aloud on the floor of f Keller says that all of them adore the Senate while the Washington Post was TRIBUTE TO THOMAS MCNAMARA fighting to publish. Kuntz. The Wolfs kept their home in Denver, so it Just a few weeks ago the kids ∑ Mr. ROUNDS. Madam President, was a natural transfer when Marty became couldn’t wait to invite him on one of today I recognize Thomas McNamara,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:24 Jul 13, 2016 Jkt 049060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\RECORD16\JUL2016\S11JY6.REC S11JY6 bjneal on DSK2TWX8P1PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4943 an intern in my Washington, DC, of- tary activities of the Department of 1283, 3303, and 3304 of the Senate bill, fice, for all of the hard work he has Defense, for military construction, and and sections 598, 1090, 1098H, 1216, 1261, done for me, my staff, and the State of for defense activities of the Depart- and 3608 of the House amendment, and South Dakota. ment of Energy, to prescribe military modifications committed to con- Thomas is a graduate of St. John’s personnel strengths for such fiscal ference: Messrs. GOODLATTE, ISSA, and College High School in Washington, year, and for other purposes, and asks CONYERS. DC. He attends the University of Texas a conference with the Senate on the From the Committee on Natural Re- at Austin, where he studies business disagreeing votes of the two Houses sources, for consideration of sections and accounting. He is an inquisitive thereon; and that the following Mem- 601, 2825, subtitle D of title XXVIII, and and committed worker who has been bers be the managers of the conference section 2852 of the Senate bill, and sec- devoted to getting the most out of his on the part of the House: tions 312, 601, 1090, 1098H, 2837, 2839, internship experience and who has been From the Committee on Armed Serv- 2839A, subtitle E of title XXVIII, sec- a true asset to the office. ices, for consideration of the Senate tions 2852, 2854, 2855, 2864–66, title XXX, I extend my sincere thanks and ap- bill and the House amendment, and sections 3508, 7005, and title LXXIII of preciation to Thomas for all of the fine modifications committed to con- the House amendment, and modifica- work he has done and wish him contin- ference: Messrs. THORNBERRY, FORBES, tions committed to conference: Messrs. ued success in the years to come.∑ MILLER of Florida, WILSON of South COOK, HARDY, and GRIJALVA. f Carolina, LOBIONDO, BISHOP of Utah, From the Committee on Oversight TURNER, KLINE, ROGERS of Alabama, and Government Reform, for consider- MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT FRANKS of Arizona, SHUSTER, CONAWAY, ation of sections 339, 703, 819, 821, 829H, Messages from the President of the LAMBORN, WITTMAN, GIBSON, Mrs. 8291, 861, 944, 1048, 1054, 1097, 1103–07, United States were communicated to HARTZLER, Mr. HECK of Nevada, Ms. 1109–13, 1121, 1124, 1131–33, 1135, and 1136 the Senate by Mr. Williams, one of his STEFANIK, Mr. SMITH of Washington, of the Senate bill, and sections 574, 603, secretaries. Ms. LORETTA SANCHEZ of California, 807, 821, 1048, 1088, 1095, 1098L, 1101, 1102, f Mrs. DAVIS of California, Messrs. LAN- 1104–06, 1108–11, 1113, 1259C, and 1631 of GEVIN, LARSEN of Washington, COOPER, the House amendment, and modifica- EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED Ms. BORDALLO, Mr. COURTNEY, Ms. tions committed to conference: Messrs. As in executive session the Presiding TSONGAS, Messrs. GARAMENDI, JOHNSON CHAFFETZ, RUSSELL, and CUMMINGS. Officer laid before the Senate messages of Georgia, Ms. SPEIER, and Mr. From the Committee on Science, from the President of the United PETERS. Space, and Technology, for consider- States submitting sundry nominations From the Permanent Select Com- ation of section 874 of the Senate bill which were referred to the Committee mittee on Intelligence, for consider- and sections 1605, 1673, and title XXXII on Armed Services. ation of matters within the jurisdic- of the House amendment, and modi- (The messages received today are tion of that committee under clause 11 fications committed to conference: printed at the end of the Senate pro- of rule X: Messrs. NUNES, POMPEO, and Messrs. SMITH of Texas, WEBER of ceedings.) SCHIFF. Texas, and Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. f From the Committee on Education and the Workforce, for consideration of From the Committee on Small Busi- MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE sections 571–74 and 578 of the Senate ness, for consideration of sections 818, RECEIVED DURING ADJOURNMENT bill, and sections 571, 573, 1098E, and 838, 874, and 898 of the Senate bill, and Under the authority of the order of 3512 of the House amendment, and title XVIII of the House amendment, the Senate of January 6, 2015, the Sec- modifications committed to con- and modifications committed to con- retary of the Senate, on July 8, 2016, ference: Messrs. WALBERG, GUTHRIE, ference: Messrs. CHABOT, KNIGHT, and during the adjournment of the Senate, and SCOTT of Virginia. Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ. received a message from the House of From the Committee on Energy and From the Committee on Transpor- Representatives announcing that the Commerce, for consideration of sec- tation and Infrastructure, for consider- House agrees to the amendment of the tions 3112 and 3123 of the Senate bill, ation of sections 541, 562, 601, 961, 3302– Senate to the bill (H.R. 1777) to amend and sections 346, 601, 749, 1045, 1090, 1095, 07, 3501, and 3502 of the Senate bill, and the Act of August 25, 1958, commonly 1673, 3119A, and 3119C of the House sections 343, 601, 731, 835, 1043, 1671, known as the ‘‘Former Presidents Act amendment, and modifications com- 3119C, 3501, 3504, 3509, 3512, and title of 1958’’, with respect to the monetary mitted to conference: Messrs. LATTA, XXXVI of the House amendment, and allowance payable to a former Presi- JOHNSON of Ohio, and PALLONE. modifications committed to con- dent, and for other purposes. From the Committee on Foreign Af- ference: Messrs. HUNTER, ROUZER, and The message further announced that fairs, for consideration of sections 828, SEAN PATRICK MALONEY of New York. the House agrees to the report of the 1006, 1007, 1050, 1056, 1089, 1204, 1211, From the Committee on Veterans’ committee of conference on the dis- 1221–23, 1231, 1232, 1242, 1243, 1247, 1252, Affairs, for consideration of sections agreeing votes of the two Houses on 1253, 1255–58, 1260, 1263, 1264, 1271–73, 706, 755, and 1431 of the Senate bill, and the amendments of the House of Rep- 1276, 1283, 1301, 1302, 1531–33, and 1662 of sections 741, 1421, and 1864 of the House resentatives to the bill (S. 524) to au- the Senate bill, and sections 926, 1011, amendment, and modifications com- thorize the Attorney General to award 1013, 1083, 1084, 1098K, 1099B, 1099C, 1201, mitted to conference: Messrs. ROE of grants to address the national 1203, 1214, 1221–23, 1227, 1229, 1233, 1235, Tennessee, BOST, and TAKANO. From the Committee on Ways and epidemics of prescription opioid abuse 1236, 1245, 1246, 1250, 1259A–59E, 1259J, Means, for consideration of section 1271 and heroin use. 1259L, 1259P, 1259Q 1259U, 1261, 1262, of the Senate bill, and modifications The message also announced that the 1301–03, 1510, 1531–33, 1645, 1653 and 2804 committed to conference: Messrs. House has passed the following bill, of the House amendment, and modi- BRADY of Texas, REICHERT, and LEVIN. with amendment, in which it requests fications committed to conference the concurrence of the Senate: Messrs. ROYCE, ZELDIN, and ENGEL. f S. 2943. An act to authorize appropriations From the Committee on Homeland MEASURES PLACED ON THE for fiscal year 2017 for military activities of Security, for consideration of sections CALENDAR 564 and 1091 of the Senate bill, and sec- the Department of Defense, for military con- The following bill was read the sec- struction, and for defense activities of the tions 1097, 1869, 1869A, and 3510 of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military House amendment, and modifications ond time, and placed on the calendar: personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and committed to conference: Messrs. H.R. 1270. An act to amend the Internal for other purposes Revenue Code of 1986 to repeal the amend- MCCAUL, DONOVAN, and THOMPSON of ments made by the Patient Protection and The message further announced that Mississippi. Affordable Care Act which disqualify ex- the House insist upon its amendment From the Committee on the Judici- penses for over-the-counter drugs under to the bill (S. 2943) to authorize appro- ary, for consideration of sections 829J, health savings accounts and health flexible priations for fiscal year 2017 for mili- 829K, 944, 963, 1006, 1023–25, 1053, 1093, spending arrangements.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 01:28 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.029 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4944 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 ENROLLED BILLS PRESENTED By Mr. MURPHY: S. 1013 S. Res. 524. A resolution expressing the The Secretary of the Senate reported At the request of Mr. SCHUMER, the sense of the Senate on the conflict in Yemen; name of the Senator from Massachu- that on July 8, 2016, she had presented to the Committee on Foreign Relations. setts (Mr. MARKEY) was added as a co- to the President of the United States By Ms. MURKOWSKI (for herself, Mr. the following enrolled bills: REED, Mr. ISAKSON, Mr. GARDNER, Mr. sponsor of S. 1013, a bill to amend title S. 1252. An act to authorize a comprehen- WHITEHOUSE, Mr. REID, Mr. XVIII of the Social Security Act to sive strategic approach for United States for- BLUMENTHAL, Mr. TESTER, Mr. provide for coverage and payment for eign assistance to developing countries to re- WICKER, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. PAUL, Mr. complex rehabilitation technology duce global poverty and hunger, achieve food CORKER, Mr. TILLIS, Mr. COTTON, Mr. items under the Medicare program, and and nutrition security, promote inclusive, HATCH, Mr. CASEY, Mrs. MURRAY, Ms. for other purposes. sustainable, agricultural-led economic CANTWELL, Mr. MANCHIN, and Mr. S. 1175 growth, improve nutritional outcomes, espe- MCCONNELL): cially for women and children, build resil- S. Res. 525. A resolution designating Au- At the request of Mr. WYDEN, the ience among vulnerable populations, and for gust 16, 2016, as ‘‘National Airborne Day’’; name of the Senator from California other purposes. considered and agreed to. (Mrs. BOXER) was added as a cosponsor S. 2845. An act to extend the termination of By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, Mr. of S. 1175, a bill to improve the safety sanctions with respect to Venezuela under ISAKSON, Mrs. BOXER, Mr. BENNET, of hazardous materials rail transpor- the Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Mr. THUNE, Mr. NELSON, Mr. GARD- tation, and for other purposes. Civil Society Act of 2014. NER, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, and Mr. S. 1327 f BLUMENTHAL): S. Con. Res. 43. A concurrent resolution At the request of Ms. KLOBUCHAR, the REPORTS OF COMMITTEES supporting the bid of Los Angeles, Cali- names of the Senator from Connecticut The following reports of committees fornia, to bring the 2024 Summer Olympic (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) and the Senator were submitted: Games back to the United States and pledg- from North Carolina (Mr. TILLIS) were By Mr. JOHNSON, from the Committee on ing the cooperation of Congress with respect added as cosponsors of S. 1327, a bill to Homeland Security and Governmental Af- to that bid; to the Committee on Commerce, amend the Controlled Substances Act Science, and Transportation. fairs, with amendments: relating to controlled substance ana- By Mr. BURR (for himself, Mrs. MUR- S. 2517. A bill to require a report on United logues. States strategy to combat terrorist use of RAY, and Mr. BLUMENTHAL): social media, and for other purposes (Rept. S. Con. Res. 44. A concurrent resolution S. 1458 No. 114–295). recognizing the sunflower as the flower for At the request of Mr. COATS, the By Mr. JOHNSON, from the Committee on military caregivers; considered and agreed name of the Senator from Kentucky to. Homeland Security and Governmental Af- (Mr. PAUL) was added as a cosponsor of By Mr. WHITEHOUSE (for himself, Mr. fairs, with an amendment in the nature of a S. 1458, a bill to amend the Surface substitute: MARKEY, Mr. SCHATZ, Mrs. BOXER, S. 2522. A bill to amend the Homeland Se- Mr. MERKLEY, Ms. WARREN, Mr. Mining Control and Reclamation Act of curity Act of 2002 to build partnerships to SANDERS, and Mr. FRANKEN): 1977 to ensure scientific transparency prevent violence by extremists (Rept. No. S. Con. Res. 45. A concurrent resolution ex- in the development of environmental 114–296). pressing the sense of Congress relating to the regulations and for other purposes. disapproval of certain activities of certain f S. 1737 companies, trade associations, foundations, INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND and organizations; to the Committee on At the request of Ms. STABENOW, the JOINT RESOLUTIONS Commerce, Science, and Transportation. name of the Senator from Colorado (Mr. BENNET) was added as a cosponsor f The following bills and joint resolu- of S. 1737, a bill to provide an incentive tions were introduced, read the first ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS for businesses to bring jobs back to and second times by unanimous con- S. 366 America. sent, and referred as indicated: At the request of Mr. TESTER, the S. 1874 By Mr. WARNER (for himself and Mr. name of the Senator from South Da- At the request of Mr. HATCH, the HELLER): S. 3152. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- kota (Mr. ROUNDS) was added as a co- name of the Senator from Arizona (Mr. enue Code of 1986 to modify the tax treat- sponsor of S. 366, a bill to require Sen- FLAKE) was added as a cosponsor of S. ment of certain equity grants; to the Com- ate candidates to file designations, 1874, a bill to provide protections for mittee on Finance. statements, and reports in electronic workers with respect to their right to By Mr. ROUNDS: form. select or refrain from selecting rep- S. 3153. A bill to require the Federal finan- resentation by a labor organization. cial institutions regulatory agencies to take S. 539 risk profiles and business models of institu- At the request of Mr. CARDIN, the S. 1911 tions into account when taking regulatory name of the Senator from Louisiana At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the actions, and for other purposes; to the Com- (Mr. CASSIDY) was added as a cosponsor names of the Senator from Wyoming mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- of S. 539, a bill to amend title XVIII of (Mr. ENZI) and the Senator from New fairs. the Social Security Act to repeal the Mexico (Mr. HEINRICH) were added as By Ms. BALDWIN (for herself and Mr. Medicare outpatient rehabilitation cosponsors of S. 1911, a bill to imple- TILLIS): S. 3154. A bill to amend title 38, United therapy caps. ment policies to end preventable ma- States Code, to authorize the Secretary of S. 804 ternal, newborn, and child deaths glob- Veterans Affairs, in awarding a contract for At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the ally. the procurement of goods or services, to give name of the Senator from Oklahoma S. 1915 a preference to offerors that employ vet- (Mr. INHOFE) was added as a cosponsor At the request of Ms. AYOTTE, the erans; to the Committee on Veterans’ Af- fairs. of S. 804, a bill to amend title XVIII of name of the Senator from Wyoming By Mr. HATCH (for himself, Mrs. FEIN- the Social Security Act to specify cov- (Mr. ENZI) was added as a cosponsor of STEIN, Mr. CORNYN, Mr. COONS, Mr. erage of continuous glucose monitoring S. 1915, a bill to direct the Secretary of LEE, Mr. SCHUMER, and Mr. TILLIS): devices, and for other purposes. Homeland Security to make anthrax S. 3155. A bill to amend chapter 97 of title S. 827 vaccines and antimicrobials available 28, United States Code, to clarify the excep- At the request of Ms. KLOBUCHAR, the to emergency response providers, and tion to foreign sovereign immunity set forth for other purposes. in section 1605(a)(3) of such title; to the Com- name of the Senator from Iowa (Mrs. mittee on the Judiciary. ERNST) was added as a cosponsor of S. S. 1982 f 827, a bill to amend the Communica- At the request of Mr. CARDIN, the tions Act of 1934 to ensure the integrity names of the Senator from California SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND of voice communications and to pre- (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) and the Senator from SENATE RESOLUTIONS vent unjust or unreasonable discrimi- Washington (Mrs. MURRAY) were added The following concurrent resolutions nation among areas of the United as cosponsors of S. 1982, a bill to au- and Senate resolutions were read, and States in the delivery of such commu- thorize a Wall of Remembrance as part referred (or acted upon), as indicated: nications. of the Korean War Veterans Memorial

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A11JY6.004 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4945 and to allow certain private contribu- S. 2957 ment who has exercised extreme care- tions to fund the Wall of Remem- At the request of Mr. NELSON, the lessness in the handling of classified brance. name of the Senator from Colorado information from being granted or re- S. 2067 (Mr. BENNET) was added as a cosponsor taining a security clearance. At the request of Mr. WICKER, the of S. 2957, a bill to require the Sec- S. 3138 names of the Senator from Arizona retary of the Treasury to mint com- At the request of Mr. RUBIO, the (Mr. MCCAIN) and the Senator from memorative coins in recognition of the name of the Senator from Oklahoma Rhode Island (Mr. REED) were added as 50th anniversary of the first manned (Mr. LANKFORD) was added as a cospon- cosponsors of S. 2067, a bill to establish landing on the Moon. sor of S. 3138, a bill to prevent Iran EUREKA Prize Competitions to accel- S. 2962 from directly or indirectly receiving erate discovery and development of dis- At the request of Ms. CANTWELL, the assistance from the Export-Import ease-modifying, preventive, or curative names of the Senator from Alaska (Ms. Bank of the United States. treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and MURKOWSKI) and the Senator from Or- S.J. RES. 35 related dementia, to encourage efforts egon (Mr. MERKLEY) were added as co- At the request of Mr. FLAKE, the to enhance detection and diagnosis of sponsors of S. 2962, a bill to amend the name of the Senator from Mississippi such diseases, or to enhance the qual- Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to re- (Mr. COCHRAN) was added as a cospon- ity and efficiency of care of individuals form the low-income housing credit, sor of S.J. Res. 35, a joint resolution with such diseases. and for other purposes. providing for congressional disapproval S. 2216 S. 2971 under chapter 8 of title 5, United At the request of Mrs. MCCASKILL, At the request of Mr. PORTMAN, the States Code, of the final rule of the De- the name of the Senator from Montana name of the Senator from Colorado partment of Labor relating to ‘‘Inter- (Mr. TESTER) was added as a cosponsor (Mr. BENNET) was added as a cosponsor pretation of the ‘Advice’ Exemption in of S. 2216, a bill to provide immunity of S. 2971, a bill to authorize the Na- Section 203(c) of the Labor-Manage- from suit for certain individuals who tional Urban Search and Rescue Re- ment Reporting and Disclosure Act’’ . disclose potential examples of financial sponse System. S. CON. RES. 30 exploitation of senior citizens, and for S. 3026 At the request of Mr. LEE, the name other purposes. At the request of Mr. SCHUMER, the of the Senator from Colorado (Mr. S. 2541 name of the Senator from Massachu- GARDNER) was added as a cosponsor of At the request of Mr. BLUMENTHAL, setts (Mr. MARKEY) was added as a co- S. Con. Res. 30, a concurrent resolution the name of the Senator from Cali- sponsor of S. 3026, a bill to amend the expressing concern over the disappear- fornia (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a Communications Act of 1934 to expand ance of David Sneddon, and for other cosponsor of S. 2541, a bill to amend the and clarify the prohibition on inac- purposes. Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 to clar- curate caller identification informa- ify provisions enacted by the Captive S. CON. RES. 36 tion and to require providers of tele- Wildlife Safety Act to further the con- At the request of Mr. NELSON, the phone service to offer technology to servation of prohibited wildlife species. name of the Senator from Maryland subscribers to reduce the incidence of ARDIN S. 2659 (Mr. C ) was added as a cosponsor unwanted telephone calls, and for other of S. Con. Res. 36, a concurrent resolu- At the request of Mr. BURR, the purposes. names of the Senator from South Da- tion expressing support of the goal of S. 3074 ensuring that all Holocaust victims kota (Mr. ROUNDS) and the Senator At the request of Mr. MARKEY, the live with dignity, comfort, and security from Nebraska (Mrs. FISCHER) were added as cosponsors of S. 2659, a bill to name of the Senator from Washington in their remaining years, and urging reaffirm that the Environmental Pro- (Mrs. MURRAY) was added as a cospon- the Federal Republic of Germany to re- tection Agency cannot regulate vehi- sor of S. 3074, a bill to authorize the affirm its commitment to that goal cles used solely for competition, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad- through a financial commitment to for other purposes. ministration to establish a Climate comprehensively address the unique Change Education Program. health and welfare needs of vulnerable S. 2759 Holocaust victims, including home At the request of Mrs. ERNST, the S. 3106 care and other medically prescribed name of the Senator from Maine (Mr. At the request of Mr. REID, the name needs. KING) was added as a cosponsor of S. of the Senator from Colorado (Mr. BEN- 2759, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- NET) was added as a cosponsor of S. S. CON. RES. 38 enue Code of 1986 to provide a non- 3106, a bill to provide a coordinated re- At the request of Mr. RUBIO, the refundable credit for working family gional response to effectively manage name of the Senator from Alabama caregivers. the endemic violence and humani- (Mr. SESSIONS) was added as a cospon- S. 2795 tarian crisis in El Salvador, Guate- sor of S. Con. Res. 38, a concurrent res- At the request of Mr. INHOFE, the mala, and Honduras. olution reaffirming the Taiwan Rela- name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. S. 3125 tions Act and the Six Assurances as RISCH) was added as a cosponsor of S. At the request of Mr. CASEY, the cornerstones of United States-Taiwan 2795, a bill to modernize the regulation names of the Senator from Massachu- relations. of nuclear energy. setts (Ms. WARREN) and the Senator S. RES. 520 S. 2927 from Florida (Mr. RUBIO) were added as At the request of Mr. RUBIO, the At the request of Mr. LANKFORD, the cosponsors of S. 3125, a bill to establish names of the Senator from Illinois (Mr. name of the Senator from Montana a designation for jurisdictions permis- KIRK), the Senator from Idaho (Mr. (Mr. DAINES) was added as a cosponsor sive to terrorism financing, to build RISCH), the Senator from Oklahoma of S. 2927, a bill to prevent govern- the capacity of partner nations to in- (Mr. INHOFE) and the Senator from Ala- mental discrimination against pro- vestigate, prosecute, and hold account- bama (Mr. SESSIONS) were added as co- viders of health services who decline able terrorist financiers, to impose re- sponsors of S. Res. 520, a resolution re- involvement in abortion, and for other strictions on foreign financial institu- affirming the strong relationship, both purposes. tions that provide financial services for in defense and trade, between the S. 2932 terrorist organizations, and for other United States and the United Kingdom. At the request of Mr. CASSIDY, the purposes. S. RES. 521 name of the Senator from Mississippi S. 3135 At the request of Ms. AYOTTE, the (Mr. WICKER) was added as a cosponsor At the request of Mr. GARDNER, the names of the Senator from Wisconsin of S. 2932, a bill to amend the Con- name of the Senator from Oklahoma (Ms. BALDWIN), the Senator from Cali- trolled Substances Act with respect to (Mr. INHOFE) was added as a cosponsor fornia (Mrs. BOXER) and the Senator the provision of emergency medical of S. 3135, a bill to prohibit any officer from Louisiana (Mr. VITTER) were services. or employee of the Federal Govern- added as cosponsors of S. Res. 521, a

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A11JY6.008 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 resolution expressing support for the SENATE RESOLUTION 525—DESIG- the Medal of Honor, and hundreds have designation of September 2016 as Na- NATING AUGUST 16, 2016, AS ‘‘NA- earned the Distinguished Service Cross, the tional Ovarian Cancer Awareness TIONAL AIRBORNE DAY’’ Silver Star, or other decorations and awards Month. for displays of heroism, gallantry, intre- Ms. MURKOWSKI (for herself, Mr. pidity, and valor; f REED, Mr. ISAKSON, Mr. GARDNER, Mr. Whereas the members and former members SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS WHITEHOUSE, Mr. REID, Mr. of the United States airborne forces are all BLUMENTHAL, Mr. TESTER, Mr. WICKER, members of a proud and honorable tradition Mr. INHOFE, Mr. PAUL, Mr. CORKER, Mr. that, together with the special skills and SENATE RESOLUTION 524—EX- TILLIS, Mr. COTTON, Mr. HATCH, Mr. achievements of those members, distin- guishes the members as intrepid combat CASEY, Mrs. MURRAY, Ms. CANTWELL, PRESSING THE SENSE OF THE parachutists, air assault forces, special oper- SENATE ON THE CONFLICT IN Mr. MANCHIN, and Mr. MCCONNELL) sub- ation forces, and, in the past, glider troops; YEMEN mitted the following resolution; which Whereas individuals from every State of was considered and agreed to: Mr. MURPHY submitted the fol- the United States have served gallantly in lowing resolution; which was referred S. RES. 525 the airborne forces, and each State is proud Whereas the members of the airborne of the contributions of its paratrooper vet- to the Committee on Foreign Rela- erans during the many conflicts faced by the tions: forces of the Armed Forces of the United States have a long and honorable history as United States; S. RES. 524 bold and fierce warriors who, for the na- Whereas the history and achievements of Whereas the enduring security partnership tional security of the United States and the the members and former members of the between the United States Government and defense of freedom and peace, project the United States airborne forces warrant spe- the Government of Saudi Arabia has histori- ground combat power of the United States cial expressions of the gratitude of the peo- cally served to preserve the stability of the by air transport to the far reaches of the bat- ple of the United States; and Middle East; tle area and to the far corners of the world; Whereas, since the airborne forces, past Whereas the United States Armed Forces Whereas the experiment of the United and present, celebrate August 16 as the anni- provide support to the armed forces of Saudi States with airborne operations began on versary of the first official jump by the Arabia and its coalition partners to support June 25, 1940, when the Army Parachute Test Army Parachute Test Platoon, August 16 is their military operations in Yemen, includ- Platoon was first authorized by the Depart- an appropriate day to recognize as National ing over 700 air-to-air refueling sorties, and ment of War, and 48 volunteers began train- Airborne Day: Now, therefore, be it to assist with effectiveness and reduction of ing in July 1940; Resolved, That the Senate— collateral damage; Whereas August 16 marks the anniversary (1) designates August 16, 2016, as ‘‘National Whereas the United States Government of the first official Army parachute jump, Airborne Day’’; and has consistently urged all sides of the con- which took place on August 16, 1940, to test (2) calls on the people of the United States flict in Yemen to take all feasible pre- the innovative concept of inserting United to observe National Airborne Day with ap- cautions to reduce the risk of harm to civil- States ground combat forces behind a battle propriate programs, ceremonies, and activi- ians and to comply with their obligations line by means of a parachute; ties. under international humanitarian law, Whereas the success of the Army Para- f which includes minimizing harm to civilians chute Test Platoon in the days immediately SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- and differentiating between civilian infra- before the entry of the United States into structure and military objectives; and World War II validated the airborne oper- TION 43—SUPPORTING THE BID Whereas designated foreign terrorist orga- ational concept and led to the creation of a OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, nizations, including al Qaeda in the Arabian formidable force of airborne formations that TO BRING THE 2024 SUMMER Peninsula and the Islamic State in Iraq and included the 11th, 13th, 17th, 82nd, and 101st OLYMPIC GAMES BACK TO THE the Levant, which pose a grave threat to the Airborne Divisions; UNITED STATES AND PLEDGING national security of the United States, have Whereas, included in those divisions, and THE COOPERATION OF CON- significantly expanded the territory under among other separate formations, were GRESS WITH RESPECT TO THAT their control in Yemen since the Govern- many airborne combat, combat support, and BID ment of Saudi Arabia began military oper- combat service support units that served ations in Yemen on March 26, 2015: Now, with distinction and achieved repeated suc- Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, Mr. therefore, be it cess in armed hostilities during World War ISAKSON, Mrs. BOXER, Mr. BENNET, Mr. Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate II; THUNE, Mr. NELSON, Mr. GARDNER, Ms. that— Whereas the achievements of the airborne KLOBUCHAR, and Mr. BLUMENTHAL) sub- (1) all sides to the current conflict in units during World War II prompted the evo- mitted the following concurrent resolu- Yemen should— lution of those units into a diversified force tion; which was referred to the Com- (A) abide by international obligations to of parachute and air-assault units that, over protect civilians; the years, have fought in Korea, Vietnam, mittee on Commerce, Science, and (B) facilitate the delivery of humanitarian Grenada, Panama, the Persian Gulf region, Transportation: relief throughout the country; and and Somalia, and have engaged in peace- S. CON. RES. 43 (C) respect negotiated cease-fires and work keeping operations in Lebanon, the Sinai Pe- Whereas the International Olympic Com- toward a lasting political settlement; ninsula, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Bos- mittee will meet on September 13, 2017, in (2) United States-supported Saudi military nia, and Kosovo; Lima, Peru, to consider a site for the Sum- operations in Yemen should— Whereas, since the terrorist attacks of mer Olympic and Paralympic Games (in this (A) take all feasible precautions to reduce September 11, 2001, the members of the preamble referred to as the ‘‘Games’’) in 2024; the risk of harm to civilians and civilian ob- United States airborne forces, including Whereas the United States Olympic Com- jects, in compliance with international hu- members of the XVIII Airborne Corps, the mittee has selected Los Angeles, California, manitarian law; and 82nd Airborne Division, the 101st Airborne as the candidate of the United States for the (B) increase prioritization of targeting of Division, the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat 2024 Games; designated foreign terrorist organizations, Team, the 4th Brigade Combat Team (Air- Whereas the Games further the cause of including al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula borne) of the 25th Infantry Division, the 75th world peace and understanding; and affiliates of the Islamic State of Iraq and Ranger Regiment, special operations forces Whereas the country that hosts the Games the Levant; of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air performs an act of international goodwill; (3) the Houthi-Saleh forces engaged in the Force, and other units of the Armed Forces, Whereas the Games have not been held in conflict in Yemen should— have demonstrated bravery and honor in the United States since 1996; (A) cease indiscriminate shelling of areas combat, stability, and training operations in Whereas many of the world-class venues to inhabited by civilians; and Afghanistan and Iraq; be used in Los Angeles’ 2024 plan for the (B) allow free access by humanitarian re- Whereas the modern-day airborne forces Games are already built or are planned as lief organizations seeking to deliver aid to also include other elite forces composed of permanent facilities; and civilian populations under siege; and airborne trained and qualified special oper- Whereas Los Angeles is positioned to de- (4) a reconstruction and stabilization plan ations warriors, including Army Special liver an innovative, fiscally responsible, and should be developed alongside a negotiated Forces, Marine Corps Reconnaissance units, sustainable Games: Now, therefore, be it political framework, in consultation with Navy SEALs, and Air Force combat control Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- local stakeholders and with robust financing and pararescue teams; resentatives concurring), That Congress— from the international community, includ- Whereas, of the members and former mem- (1) advises the International Olympic Com- ing Gulf Cooperation Council countries that bers of the United States airborne forces, mittee that the United States would wel- have previously made pledges to fund Yem- thousands have achieved the distinction of come the holding of the 2024 Summer Olym- en’s post-conflict reconstruction. making combat jumps, dozens have earned pic and Paralympic Games in Los Angeles,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A11JY6.009 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4947 California, the site designated by the United Whereas the sunflower is a flower that mate change and the harmful climate effects States Olympic Committee; symbolizes adoration, loyalty, and longevity; of their products; and (2) expresses the sincere hope that the and (2) contrary to the scientific findings of the United States will be selected as the site for Whereas there is no more appropriate rep- fossil fuel companies and of others about the the 2024 Summer Olympic and Paralympic resentation of the devotion and determina- danger fossil fuels pose to the climate, fossil Games and pledges cooperation and support tion to overcome obstacles shown every day fuel companies, directly and through their toward the successful fulfillment of those by military caregivers than the sunflower: trade associations, and foundations— Games in the highest sense of the Olympic Now, therefore, be it (A) developed a sophisticated and deceitful tradition; and Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- campaign that funded think tanks and front (3) respectfully requests that the Secretary resentatives concurring), That Congress— groups, and paid public relations firms to of the Senate transmit an enrolled copy of (1) honors military caregivers for service deny, counter, and obfuscate peer-reviewed this resolution to the United States Olympic and sacrifice to the United States; research; and Committee and to the International Olympic (2) encourages the people of the United (B) used that misinformation campaign to Committee. States— mislead the public and cast doubt in order to (A) to show support to military families; protect their financial interest: Now, there- f and fore, be it SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- (B) to recognize the sacrifices endured by Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- those families in service to the United resentatives concurring), That Congress— TION 44—RECOGNIZING THE SUN- States; and (1) disapproves of activities by certain cor- FLOWER AS THE FLOWER FOR (3) recognizes the sunflower as the flower porations, trade associations, foundations, MILITARY CAREGIVERS for military caregivers. and organizations funded by those corpora- Mr. BURR (for himself, Mrs. MURRAY, f tions— (A) to deliberately mislead the public and and Mr. BLUMENTHAL) submitted the SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- undermine peer-reviewed scientific research following concurrent resolution; which TION 45—EXPRESSING THE about the dangers of their products; and was considered and agreed to: SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING (B) to deliberately cast doubt on science in S. CON. RES. 44 TO THE DISAPPROVAL OF CER- order to protect their financial interests; and Whereas military caregivers are nameless, TAIN ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN (2) urges fossil fuel companies and allied courageous, giving individuals whose deter- COMPANIES, TRADE ASSOCIA- organizations to cooperate with active or fu- mination and sacrifices are rarely acknowl- ture investigations into— TIONS, FOUNDATIONS, AND OR- (A) their climate-change related activities; edged and little-known outside of the mili- GANIZATIONS tary community; (B) what they knew about climate change Whereas a military caregiver provides sup- Mr. WHITEHOUSE (for himself, Mr. and when they knew that information; port and medical care to a member of the MARKEY, Mr. SCHATZ, Mrs. BOXER, Mr. (C) what they knew about the harmful ef- fects of fossil fuels on the climate; and uniformed services or veteran who suffers MERKLEY, Ms. WARREN, Mr. SANDERS, from a physical, mental, or emotional wound (D) any activities to mislead the public and Mr. FRANKEN) submitted the fol- about climate change. or injury; lowing concurrent resolution; which Whereas military caregivers can include a f father, mother, spouse, sibling, family mem- was referred to the Committee on Com- ber, loved one, or close friend of an injured merce, Science, and Transportation: NATIONAL AIRBORNE DAY member of the uniformed services or vet- S. CON. RES. 45 Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, eran; Whereas in the case of tobacco companies I ask unanimous consent that the Sen- Whereas since the first armed conflict of and allied organizations— the United States, injured veterans have (1) according to peer-reviewed scientific re- ate proceed to the consideration of S. been cared for by family members and loved search and Federal court findings, tobacco Res. 525, submitted earlier today. ones after returning home from combat; companies knew about the harmful health The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Whereas since the Revolutionary War, effects of their products; and clerk will report the resolution by military caregivers in the United States (2) contrary to the scientific findings of the title. have tended to injured veterans as the vet- tobacco companies and of others about the The senior assistant legislative clerk erans have recovered from seen and unseen danger tobacco poses to human health, to- read as follows: wounds from combat operations; bacco companies, directly and through their Whereas military caregivers have shown trade associations, and foundations— A resolution (S. Res. 525) designating Au- time and time again, regardless of the con- (A) developed a sophisticated and deceitful gust 16, 2016, as ‘‘National Airborne Day.’’ flict, that caring for those who return home campaign that funded think tanks and front There being no objection, the Senate is a part of the character of the United groups, and paid public relations firms to proceeded to consider the resolution. States; deny, counter, and obfuscate peer-reviewed Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, Whereas many of the members of the uni- science; and I ask unanimous consent that the reso- formed services and veterans who served in (B) used that misinformation campaign to Operation Enduring Freedom or Operation mislead the public and cast doubt in order to lution be agreed to, the preamble be Iraqi Freedom— protect their financial interest; agreed to, and the motions to recon- (1) suffered wounds or injuries; and Whereas in the case of lead-related manu- sider be considered made and laid upon (2) require assistance from a caregiver to facturers and allied organizations— the table with no intervening action or complete either activities of daily living (1) according to peer-reviewed scientific re- debate. such as bathing, dressing, and feeding, or in- search and State court findings, the paint in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there strumental activities such as transportation, dustry, gasoline manufacturers, and lead objection? meal preparation, and health management; producers knew about the harmful health ef- Without objection, it is so ordered. Whereas, according to a study of military fects of lead in paint and other products caregivers conducted by the RAND Corpora- throughout the 20th century; and The resolution (S. Res. 525) was tion, more than 1,000,000 individuals serve as (2) contrary to the scientific findings of the agreed to. caregivers to veterans who served in Oper- paint industry, gasoline manufacturers, lead The preamble was agreed to. ation Enduring Freedom or Operation Iraqi producers, and others about the danger lead (The resolution, with its preamble, is Freedom; poses to human health, those companies, di- printed in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Sub- Whereas the Caregivers and Veterans Om- rectly and through their trade associations, mitted Resolutions.’’) nibus Health Services Act of 2010 (Public and foundations— Law 111–163; 124 Stat. 1130) facilitated a new (A) developed a sophisticated and deceitful f program for access to health insurance, men- campaign that funded think tanks and front RECOGNIZING THE SUNFLOWER AS tal health services, caregiver training, and groups, and paid public relations firms to respite care by family caregivers of veterans deny, counter, and obfuscate peer-reviewed THE FLOWER FOR MILITARY who served in Operation Enduring Freedom research; and CAREGIVERS or Operation Iraqi Freedom; (B) used that misinformation campaign to Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, Whereas the adoration, loyalty, and lon- mislead the public and cast doubt in order to I ask unanimous consent that the Sen- gevity of military caregivers— protect their financial interest; and ate proceed to the consideration of S. (1) endures through the hardships of ex- Whereas in the case of fossil fuel compa- tended hospital stays, multiple surgeries, nies and allied organizations— Con. Res. 44. and lifetimes of care; and (1) according to peer-reviewed scientific re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (2) helps create a fresh start that is hopeful search and investigative reporting, fossil clerk will report the concurrent resolu- even during difficult times; fuel companies have long known about cli- tion by title.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A11JY6.010 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4948 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 The senior assistant legislative clerk those years ago as one ‘‘of the people, ing coal at the dawn of the Industrial read as follows: by the people, and for the people.’’ Revolution. The acidic ocean is endan- A concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 44) I have talked about the powerful spe- gering our sea life, killing coral, and recognizing the sunflower as the flower for cial interests working to corrupt the causing a real challenge for our shell- military caregivers. nature of our Republic, thanks to the fish. We see it in the droughts that There being no objection, the Senate unchecked wealth flowing into our po- hurt our farms and the increasingly proceeded to consider the concurrent litical system because of the Supreme powerful storms that regularly dev- resolution. Court’s series of misguided decisions in astate communities, businesses, and Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, Buckley v. Valeo, Citizens United, and people’s lives. I ask unanimous consent that the con- SpeechNow.org. Why, with all of this proof from the current resolution be agreed to, the Today, I am honored to join with my scientific community and with all of preamble be agreed to, and the motions colleagues from Minnesota, New Hamp- the proof and facts directly before our to reconsider be considered made and shire, and Connecticut—organized by eyes, does such strong opposition re- laid upon the table with no intervening my colleague from Rhode Island, who main to the effects of climate change? action or debate. will be speaking in a moment—to show We know the answer. It is because a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without how these same special interests are powerful, moneyed interest has spun a objection, it is so ordered. using their vast wealth and resources web of deceit, working for years and The concurrent resolution (S. Con. to sway national policies and public de- continuing to work to undermine Res. 44) was agreed to. bate to benefit their interests at the mainstream, scientific research and de- The preamble was agreed to. expense of the American people and ceive the American people about the (The concurrent resolution, with its turn our government into one of, by, dangers and causes of climate change. preamble, is printed in today’s RECORD and for a powerful special interest. These members are part of a special under ‘‘Submitted Resolutions.’’) There is no better example of what I interest that have made their fortunes mean than the debate surrounding one from fossil fuels. If they acknowledge f of the most critical issues facing our the realities of climate change, it ORDERS FOR TUESDAY, JULY 12, Nation and the world today: climate would suggest that their industry 2016 change. would have to dramatically change in a Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan very short period of time. In fact, ac- Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, once famously stated that ‘‘everyone is I ask unanimous consent that when the cording to conventional science, we entitled to his own opinion, but not to Senate completes its business today, it have to keep 80 percent of fossil fuels his own facts.’’ Well, manmade climate adjourn until 10 a.m., Tuesday, July 12; in the ground if we are to have any change is a fact. Scientists, univer- that following the prayer and pledge, hope of keeping carbon emissions with- sities, and government agencies across the morning hour be deemed expired, in a range that does not trigger cata- the world have all said that manmade the Journal of proceedings be approved strophic consequences. That is why, in climate change is real, that it endan- to date, and the time for the two lead- the minds of this industry, it is better gers our planet, and that we need to ers be reserved for their use later in to lie to the American people than to address it quickly if there is any hope the day; further, that following leader risk their businesses and fortunes. for our future. We have seen this movie before, when remarks, the Senate resume consider- Back in 2005, 11 science academies the tobacco industry lied to the Amer- ation of the conference report to ac- from around the world—including ican people for decades to discredit the company S. 524, with the time until Brazil, Italy, Japan, and Russia— emerging science and evidence that to- 12:30 p.m. equally divided between the signed a joint letter stating that bacco was killing millions of Ameri- two leaders or their designees; finally, ‘‘there is now strong evidence that sig- cans. And now the fossil industrial that the Senate recess from 12:30 p.m. nificant global warming is occurring’’ complex is lying to the American peo- until 2:15 p.m. to allow for the weekly and that ‘‘it is likely that most of the ple, but this time it is not just the conference meetings. warming in recent decades can be at- health of Americans at risk, it is the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tributed to human activities.’’ Five health of the entire planet. objection, it is so ordered. years later, the Pentagon stated very The Union of Concerned Scientists f directly that ‘‘the danger from climate published a report last summer which PROGRAM change is real, urgent, and severe.’’ showed that for decades the ‘‘fossil-in- Fast-forward 5 more years to 2015, dustrial complex’’ knowingly worked Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, and the American Association for the to deceive the American public about we can expect the first rollcall votes to Advancement of Science warned that the realities and risks of climate occur after the conference lunches to- ‘‘we face risks of abrupt, unpredictable change. One of the main ways they do morrow. and potentially irreversible changes’’ this is by funding third-party organiza- f with potentially ‘‘massively disruptive tions like think tanks, advocacy consequences to societies and groups that produce counter-climate ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT echosystems.’’ research and make people question Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, The fact is, we don’t really need to which facts and information they can if there is no further business to come turn to our scientists or studies to trust. We know this is happening be- before the Senate, I ask unanimous know that climate change is real; we cause various studies have revealed the consent that it stand adjourned under simply have to look at the world incredible level of coordination be- the previous order, following the re- around us. We can see and feel it for tween different groups and researchers marks of Senators MERKLEY and ourselves. We saw it when 2014 became who always see corporate funding and WHITEHOUSE. the hottest year on record, and then we who all seem to work off the same The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there saw it again in 2015 when 2015 became scripts. objection? the hottest year on record. We see it as Justin Farrell, a sociologist at Yale Without objection, it is so ordered. our forests come under assault from University, authored a study last No- The Senator from Oregon. longer fire seasons and insect infesta- vember that examined 20 years’ worth f tions because the winters are not cold of articles, policy papers, and tran- enough to kill the pine beetles. We see scripts from 4,500 individuals associ- CLIMATE CHANGE it in our waters, our loss of snowpacks, ated with 164 different groups known to Mr. MERKLEY. Madam President, I as fishermen fish in ever smaller and be skeptical of climate change science. have risen on several occasions to warmer streams for trout and salmon, Comparing the work of those who had bring attention to the challenges con- and our farmers face less water for irri- received this special interest corporate fronting our ‘‘we the people’’ system of gation. We see it in the oceans—oceans funding and those that had not, he government that President Abraham that are 30 percent more acidic today found a clear, coordinated effort among Lincoln so eloquently described all than they were before we started burn- the corporate-backed groups that cast

VerDate Sep 11 2014 03:55 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.036 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4949 doubt on the idea that greater amounts specializes in being untraceable. Our creasing acidity of the Pacific Ocean. of manmade carbon dioxide endangered trust is for those ‘‘who wish to keep They are aware of how the Klamath our planet. Talking about his study, their charitable giving private, espe- Basin has suffered the three worst ever Farrell said that ‘‘this counter-move- cially gifts funding sensitive or con- droughts in a 15-year period because ment produced messages aimed, at the troversial issues. Know that your con- the snowpack in the Cascades has very least, at creating ideological po- tributions to your DonorTrust account changed so much over the last few dec- larization through politicized tactics, that have to be reported to the IRS ades, reducing the amount of irrigation and at the very most, at overtly refut- will not become public information.’’ water flowing in to the region and the ing current scientific consensus with In 2003, only about 3 percent of the amount of rain that is falling. They are scientific findings of their own.’’ denial movement came from Donors aware of these things. So then they un- We know these groups are backed by Trust, but by 2010, as the Drexel study derstand it, and they see the reality. special interests. All we have to do is shows, the foundation responsible for Then there is a glimmer of under- follow the money. That is how we providing a quarter of ‘‘all traceable standing that the messages spun out by know, for example, that between 1998 foundation funding used by organiza- this vast web of denial is false and that and 2015 ExxonMobil donated at least tions engaged in promoting systemic they are on the front line. Rural Amer- $30 million to groups and organizations denial of climate change.’’ ica is on the front line. whose main purpose was to spread mis- The sources of the denial movement Reports and studies funded by the leading information about climate are being laundered so the American Koch brothers muddy the waters of sci- change. It was discovered in paperwork people do not have a direct vision of entific fact, making it much harder for connected to his paper between 2014 those responsible, but we know from the average person to sort through and and 2015 alone that Peabody Energy all of this evidence who is responsible. sift through the information that is funded at least $332,000 through a sub- Could it just be coincidence that at the available and to know what the real sidiary to groups and organizations in- same time the Koch brothers reduce story is. volved in attacking climate science their traceable donations to climate- But where we see the Koch brothers’ and clean energy policies. denying science groups, the amount of and friends’ money paying off the most As much as the fossil fuel companies untraceable money going to them in- is the influence they are able to mani- have contributed to these efforts over creases dramatically? Yes, I suppose it fest here in Washington, DC. As we the years, the titles of the master- is possible, but it would be a very large work to take on this challenge—the minds and the kingpins of climate coincidence. equivalent of an approaching meteor science denial rests with Charles and So we know that the Koch brothers bent on destroying a good portion of David Koch. These oil and coal baron have been prolific contributors to the the planet—as we work to take it on, brothers, whose estimated $80 billion climate change countermovement over they work to make sure we don’t take fortune comes from oil refineries and the years, and it is very safe to say it on, undermining the legislation that coal reserves in Texas, Alaska, Min- that they are continuing to contribute is being put forward to incentivize a nesota, and elsewhere, control roughly anonymously to the cause of organiza- rapid transition from a fossil fuel econ- over 4,000 miles of pipeline. These are tions like Donors Trust. omy to a renewable energy economy. the same businessmen who have But what is the result of all of this? Obviously, an emphasis of pivoting pledged that they and their network of What has been the return on their in- from fossil fuels to renewable energy contributors will have spent the better vestment? would undermine the value of the Koch part of $1 billion by the time the polls We have seen report after report from brothers’ holdings. It would undermine close on November 8 to try to influence groups like the Koch-founded and the value of the fossil industrial com- the outcome of this year’s Presidential Koch-funded Cato Institute with titles plex. So they lie to the American peo- and congressional elections. like ‘‘Apocalypse Not: Science, Eco- ple. Since 1997, the Koch brothers have di- nomics, and Environmentalism.’’ Or We see one substantial strategy after rectly funneled $88 million to think how about this one: ‘‘Climate of Fear: another. We know that the summer tanks and trade associations, advocacy Why We Shouldn’t Worry About Global that cap and trade was being debated groups, foundations, and academic and Warming.’’ in 2009 and climate change started to legal programs which deny the exist- We know that a grant from the become a focus of tea party rallies, a ence of climate change. Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation lot of that was organized by Americans According to a 2013 study from helped fund a nonpeer-reviewed study for Prosperity—yet again a Koch- Drexel University, they are effective at which claimed climate change doesn’t founded and Koch-funded organization. getting their friends to give their endanger polar bears. The issue seeped into townhalls and money as well. The study showed that Now, I do a tremendous number of public forums, with some members of most of the other largest contributors townhalls—one in every county every the audiences planted at various events to the anti-climate science movement year, 36 a year in Oregon—approaching by groups like Americans for Pros- were associated with the Koch broth- 300 townhalls since I was elected into perity to raise the issue. Anti-cap-and- ers. The foundation run by the DeVos office. Many of these are in rural areas trade members of Congress regularly family and Art Pope, a retail magnate where people get a lot of their informa- quoted from a study by the Heritage from North Carolina, are a regular part tion—well, to put it simply—from web Foundation, another Koch-funded orga- of the Koch brothers’ donor network. sources and emails and lists that are nization. They predicted that the bill That same Drexel study also shows often directly driven through a right- would add thousands of dollars to that as the public opinion about cli- wing propaganda machine. These are Americans’ energy bills and lead to mate change has shifted in recent the types of things that the Koch devastating unemployment—claims years, the sources of funding for many brothers try to spread in order to un- thoroughly debunked by the Congres- of these organizations has become dermine what is happening before our sional Budget Office. But in the Koch untraceable. On paper, for instance, very eyes. When I talk to my rural brothers’ climate-denier, fossil-indus- Koch affiliated foundations have pulled townhalls about the challenge, I say: trial complex world, facts don’t matter back significantly on visibly funding You know what; climate change is im- and that our planet is at risk doesn’t organizations that deny climate pacting you all most of all. It is at- matter. change. It just so happens that funding tacking our forests and our fishing. It They even use piles of letters sent to from other sources, such as Donors is attacking our farming. Members of Congress that falsely claim Trust, a donor-directed foundation I go through the evidence on the to come from actual constituents. where funders cannot be traced, has ground in the State of Oregon, and peo- They worked to build pressure from risen dramatically at the same time. ple start shaking their head. Yes, they outside groups, and eventually the The traceable funding of this network are aware of the pine beetle. They are Koch brothers and their allies won. The in DC has decreased, and the aware of the longer forest fire season. cap-and-trade bill never came up for a untraceable funding has increased. Ac- They have heard about the oyster in- vote here in the Senate, even though it cording to its Web site, Donors Trust dustry in trouble because of the in- had passed the House. That was the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.037 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4950 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 type of return on investment the Koch entists, sponsoring pseudoscientific cli- contrarian efforts to create doubt brothers sought. They wanted to use mate change conferences, directly com- about the link between smoking and their money and their resources to stop municating contrarian viewpoints to cancer.’’ legislation that could have helped the politicians—which is how we get in- These researchers and many more American people and the world begin fected with that nonsense here—and help map out an intricate inter- to reverse recourse on the tragic direc- disseminating skeptic viewpoints connected web of denial that encom- tion we are headed. through a lackadaisical media that can passes over 100 organizations, including That is not a government of the peo- be tricked into believing them—all, of trade associations, conservative think ple, by the people, and for the people. course, while keeping the industry’s tanks, foundations, public relations That is a government against the peo- hands hidden. firms, and plain old phony polluter ple. That is, instead, a government of, The American Enterprise Institute, front groups. Each of the front groups by, and for a powerful special interest. Cato Institute, Center for the Study of my colleagues and I will be calling out Every one of us here has a public re- Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, this week appear somewhere in the re- sponsibility to act on behalf of our Na- Competitive Enterprise Institute, Com- search of these individuals, and I thank tion’s national interests. We are stew- mittee for a Constructive Tomorrow, them. ards of the public trust. We are respon- Citizens for a Sound Economy, Fraser There are also groups at work expos- sible for helping to guide the United Institute, Foundation for Research on ing the web of denial. One group is States and helping the United States Economics and the Environment, American Bridge 21st Century, founded guide the entire community of nations Heartland Institute—remember, they by David Brock, which has launched into a future of greater well-being. To are the classic with the billboard com- RealKochFacts.com to ‘‘highlight the do that, we must take back our Repub- paring climate scientists to the truth about the Koch agenda and what lic from the special interests like the Unabomber—the Heritage Foundation, it means for working families in states Koch brothers who are determined to Hoover Institution, Hudson Institute, around the country.’’ American Bridge corrupt our public bodies and our pub- Manhattan Institute, George C. Mar- last month reported on the 48 groups lic debates for their own greedy self-in- shal Institute—it takes a lot of nerve that signed a letter attacking the U.S. terests. We must work together to re- to steal that man’s name; George C. Virgin Islands attorney general for store the ‘‘we the people’’ government Marshal was an American hero—Na- serving a subpoena on the Koch-funded our Founding Fathers envisioned. tional Center for Policy Analysis, Na- Competitive Enterprise Institute. Ac- I am proud to come here to the floor tional Center for Public Policy Re- cording to RealKochFacts, ‘‘43 of the to join my colleagues from Rhode Is- search, Pacific Research Institute, . . . groups that signed on the letter land, Minnesota, New Hampshire, and Reason Foundation, Science and Public defending climate change denial are Connecticut. I particularly appreciate Policy Institute are there to ‘‘provide a Koch linked—and 28 of the other orga- my colleague from Rhode Island for or- multitude of services to the cause of nizations are either Koch front groups ganizing this series of speeches to ex- climate change skepticism.’’ or the beneficiaries of regular Koch pose the special interests behind the Well, they are not alone. Harvard funding,’’ groups such as the James anti-climate science forces and to en- Professor Naomi Oreskes and her col- Madison Institute, the John Locke sure that, as President Lincoln so elo- league Erik Conway from NASA and Foundation, and the American Legisla- quently declared on those hallowed CalTech—no fools—have examined the tive Exchange Council, which we will fields of Gettysburg, ‘‘Government of long history of corporate-financed pub- talk of tomorrow. The Kochs blow the people, by the people, and for the lic relations efforts designed to sow their dog whistle and the hounds ap- people shall not perish from this confusion and skepticism about sci- pear. American Bridge exposed them. Earth.’’ entific research on topics like tobacco, Thank you, Madam President. acid rain, the ozone hole, and climate Then there is ProPublica, a group The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- change. These are the schemes of the founded by Paul Steiger, ‘‘an inde- ator from Rhode Island. ‘‘Merchants of Doubt,’’ the title of pendent nonprofit newsroom that pro- Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- their book, and also the recent docu- duces investigative journalism in the dent, I will be the final speaker to- mentary film which, by the way, is public interest.’’ Their nonpartisan re- night. The point that I want to make is playing in the Capitol tonight. Naomi porting helped shed light on some of that when we spend this time talking Oreskes is actually here. the ways that the ‘‘dark money’’ flows about the web of denial that sabotages Then there is Justin Farrell of Yale through the Koch brothers network America’s ability to respond to the cli- University, about whom Senator and into politics, providing the elec- mate crisis, we don’t just use this word MERKLEY just spoke. This is his dia- tions backstop to this web of denial. rhetorically. We can go into the aca- gram of the ‘‘web of denial’’ as a com- Climate Nexus is an organization demic research and see the web de- plex network of think tanks, founda- ‘‘dedicated to highlighting the wide- picted in peer-reviewed scientific re- tions, public relation firms, trade asso- ranging impacts of climate change and search. We can see the means by which ciations, and other groups that are clean energy in the United States.’’ it operates—the climate change denial ‘‘overtly producing and promoting They recently released an analysis of machine in academic research. We can skepticism and doubt about scientific 20 years of the Wall Street Journal’s hear about the think tanks that are consensus on climate change.’’ editorial opinion on climate change. used in this web of denial. Farrell describes the function of the They found ‘‘a consistent pattern that Constantine Boussalis of Trinity Col- network as, one, ‘‘the production of an overwhelmingly ignores the science, lege and Dr. Travis Coan of the Univer- alternative contrarian discourse,’’ and, champions doubt and denial of both the sity of Exeter have examined more two, ‘‘to create ideological polarization science and effectiveness of action, and than 16,000 documents published be- around climate change.’’ leaves readers misinformed about the tween 1998 and 2013 by these 19 conserv- That is right. The polarization that consensus of science and of the risks of ative think tanks. Their study dem- we see in this building and in this the threat.’’ Among their findings, of onstrated that in spite of the broken Chamber on this issue is a product cre- 201 Wall Street Journal editorials re- global heat records over the last dec- ated by this web of corporate-funded lated to climate science or policy dat- ade, rising sea levels, and the acceler- climate denial front groups. Congres- ing back to 1997, not one explicitly ac- ated melting of our polar ice sheets, sional inaction is the sabotage their knowledges that fossil fuels cause cli- these 19 conservative think tanks actu- product has wrought in our democracy. mate change; and of the 122 columns ally increased their attacks on climate Here is how Dr. Farrell describes it: published since 1997, just 4 accept as science in recent years. These 19 think ‘‘Well-funded and well-organized fact that fossil fuels cause climate tanks, the authors tell us, ‘‘provide a contrarian campaigns are especially change or endorse any policy to reduce multitude of services to the cause of important for spreading skepticism or emissions. Between April 2015 and May climate change skepticism.’’ These in- denial where scientific consensus ex- 2016, as global heat records were falling clude offering material support and ists—such as in the present case of every month, the Journal published 100 lending credibility to contrarian sci- global warming, or in historical climate-related op-eds, columns, and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.038 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE July 11, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4951 editorials, of which 96 failed ‘‘to ac- science and expose misinformation and As a consultant for the Koch brothers knowledge the link between human ac- manufactured uncertainty. They pub- front group Citizens for a Sound Econ- tivity and climate change.’’ lished articles on how ExxonMobil used omy, Nesbit was there in the room Their report points out that ‘‘the the Big Tobacco denial playbook to when Citizens for a Sound Economy, to Wall Street Journal consistently high- promote misinformation and doubt on quote him, ‘‘proposed an unholy alli- lights voices of those with vested inter- climate science. ance.’’ Here is how he describes it: ests in fossil fuels . . . presenting only The Union for Concerned Scientists Philip Morris money commingled with the dismissive side of the climate dis- also recently published information Koch money to create antitax front groups cussion,’’ and calls this ‘‘a failure of about how Peabody coal funneled in a handful of states that would battle any journalistic responsibility.’’ money into climate denial groups from tax that moved. It would make no difference Into this failure of journalistic re- 2014 to 2015. It is the fossil fuel industry what kind of tax—the front groups could bat- sponsibility by the Wall Street Journal that is feeding the web of denial. tle cigarette excise taxes in the northeast editorial page has stepped in the Part- Greenpeace does great work to ex- and refined-oil fees at the coasts. Any tax for nership for Responsible Growth, which pose the web of denial. Last December, any purpose was bad—and these front groups is running a 12-part ad series in the would tackle them all, with Philip Morris Greenpeace UK staff posed as consult- and the Kochs behind them. Wall Street Journal right on the edi- ants for fossil fuel companies. While torial page to bring ‘‘accurate main- pretending to work for fossil fuel com- Nesbit’s book shines a spotlight on stream climate science to the readers panies, they approached climate skep- how Rich Fink, the former president of of this publication’s opinion pages.’’ tic professors. Both of the professors the Charles G. Koch Charitable Foun- The first one reads: ‘‘Exxon’s CEO agreed to conceal the sources of the dation, together with Charles Koch says fossil fuels are raising tempera- funding they were offered and to write ‘‘forged a partnership and created the tures and sea levels. Why won’t the reports in support of fossil fuel use in framework for successful action in the Wall Street Journal?’’ developing countries and the benefits political realm,’’ with this web of de- Their second one: ‘‘Carbon dioxide of carbon dioxide. You wonder why I nial at the heart of that framework. traps heat on Earth. If we can agree on call them payrolled scientists. In her recent book, ‘‘Dark Money,’’ that, we can have a conversation.’’ Greenpeace’s work also exposed Do- Jane Mayer describes in depth the sys- The third says: ‘‘The earth has nors Trust’s role as a conduit tem by which fossil fuel interests use warmed. And we did it.’’ anonymizing financial donations be- their wealth to sabotage the American The fourth says: ‘‘What goes up political process. First, she describes, doesn’t come down. CO emissions stay tween fossil fuel companies and cli- 2 mate-denial organizations and other they pay intellectuals in universities in the atmosphere for centuries.’’ who come up with ideas friendly to the The fifth says: ‘‘Your assets are at U.S. fossil fuel funding used to hire sci- fossil fuel industry. Then they pay risk. Beware the carbon bubble. Cli- entists to testify for hearings, reports, think tanks to transform these ideas mate change poses huge financial risks and other public communications on into ‘‘marketable policies.’’ to investors.’’ climate science. Greenpeace was the ‘‘The free market solution to climate group that released the documents that An environmental lawyer, Mayer change’’ was ad No. 6, and the free mar- showed that one of those hired payroll quotes a 2010 article for the New York- ket solution to climate change is ‘‘a scientists had accepted over $1.2 mil- er: market-driven policy that conserv- lion from fossil fuel interests, includ- You take corporate money and give it to a atives and liberals can both embrace ing the Charles G. Koch Foundation, neutral-sounding think tank [which] hires because it promotes growth, creates but didn’t report those sources of his people with pedigrees and academic degrees jobs, and makes U.S. companies more funding. who put out credible-seeming studies. But ExxonSecrets is another Greenpeace they all coincide perfectly with the economy competitive.’’ In other words, it is a interests of their funders. revenue-neutral carbon fee. project, which visually explains the The one after that says: ‘‘The Pen- network—the web of organizations, Ms. Mayer describes this system as tagon sees climate change as a serious lobbyists, and paid-for scientists who creating what she called the ‘‘think national security threat.’’ And they do. are part of this web of denial. tank as disguised political weapon.’’ It turns up in the Quadrennial Defense The Climate Investigations Center, From there, they go on to phony grass- Reviews, and it turns up in the speech- founded in 2014 by Kert Davies, is an- roots organizations to propagate the es of the leaders of the different armed other organization that monitors this message. It is a big web, this web of de- services. It turns up in our intelligence web of denial—corporations, front nial. reports. If the Pentagon sees climate groups, trade associations, individ- Steve Coll is the dean of the Colum- change as a serious national security uals—that delays or denies the imple- bia University Graduate School of threat, shouldn’t you? mentation of sound legislative solu- Journalism. He wrote the investigative The most recent one says this: ‘‘Like tions to climate change. Davies is no book ‘‘Private Empire: ExxonMobil and any problem, climate change has solu- stranger to the web of denial. He American Power.’’ He reports Lee Ray- tions.’’ launched two programs at Greenpeace: mond, chief executive of the company These straightforward, broadly ac- ExxonSecrets, which I mentioned, and from 1993 to 2005, saying about Exxon, cepted statements may be the first PolluterWatch, which calls out organi- ‘‘I’m not a U.S. company, and I don’t honest words about climate change on zations and individuals funded by fossil make decisions based on what’s good the Wall Street Journal editorial page, fuel interests to sow doubt about the for the U.S.’’ Gee, we hadn’t noticed. so thank you to the partnership for validity of climate science and sabo- Tellingly, Coll describes the influ- getting them there. tage reasonable climate policies. ence environment of this web of denial The Union of Concerned Scientists is I thank all these investigative groups and the fossil fuel industry role in it. another group working to expose this for their work. This is a quote from his book: web of denial. It has as its mission to There are also authors who are pick- ing apart the web of denial. The execu- This, increasingly, was the underlying put ‘‘rigorous, independent science to structure of Washington policy debates: a work to solve our planet’s most press- tive director of Climate Nexus is Jeff kaleidoscope of overlapping and competing ing problems.’’ The Union of Concerned Nesbit. Jeff is the former Director of influence campaigns, some open, some con- Scientists recently signed a letter with Legislative and Public Affairs at the ducted by front organizations, and some en- 30 other leading national scientific or- National Science Foundation and was a tirely clandestine. Strategists created layers ganizations telling us in no uncertain communications official at the White of disguise, subtlety, and subterfuge—cor- terms that ‘‘climate change is occur- House during the administration of porate-funded ‘‘grassroots’’ programs and ring, and rigorous scientific research President George H.W. Bush. He re- purpose-built think tanks, as fingerprint-free cently published an investigative book as possible. In such an opaque and concludes that the greenhouse gases untrustworthy atmosphere, the ultimate ad- emitted by human activities are the titled ‘‘Poison Tea’’ that examines, as vantage lay with any lobbyist whose goal primary driver.’’ the title implies, how Big Oil and Big was to manufacture confusion and perpetual For over a decade, the Union of Con- Tobacco invented the tea party and controversy. On climate, this happened to be cerned Scientists has worked to defend captured the GOP. the oil industry’s position.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.040 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE S4952 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 11, 2016 ExxonMobil, Coll reports, through its production. Here is how Professor the means of control that lead back to public affairs chief, ‘‘directed a net- Brulle described it: the fossil fuel industry. Welcome to the work of allies and grantees in Wash- Like a play on Broadway, the counter web of denial. Thank you to those who ington who created havoc in the cli- movement has stars in the spotlight—often are working to expose it. It is a filthy mate science debate.’’ prominent contrarian scientists or conserv- thing in our democracy. Which brings us to Inside Climate ative politicians—but behind the stars is an I yield the floor. News’s series ‘‘Exxon: The Road Not organizational structure of directors, script writers and producers, in the form of con- f Taken,’’ named a finalist for a 2016 Pul- servative foundations. If you want to under- itzer Prize. Journalists Neela Banerjee, stand what’s driving this movement, you ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. John Cushman, David Hasemyer, and have to look at what’s going on behind the TOMORROW Lisa Song compared what the fossil scenes. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under fuel giant knew about climate change— The web of denial is what is behind the previous order, the Senate stands including results from its own cutting- the scenes. The web is so big because it adjourned until 10 a.m. tomorrow. edge research—with the falsehoods has so much to protect. Remember, the Thereupon, the Senate, at 7:35 p.m., Exxon chose to sell to the public, usu- International Monetary Fund has adjourned until Tuesday, July 12, 2016, ally through this web of denial. The se- pegged the ‘‘effective subsidy’’ to the at 10 a.m. ries has surely honored the organiza- fossil fuel industry every year, just in tion’s purpose ‘‘to cover the issues that the United States, at nearly $700 bil- f aren’t being covered by the main- lion. If you don’t like that number, you stream.’’ can do some math yourself. Just mul- NOMINATIONS On the Internet, Time Magazine rec- tiply the millions of tons of industry Executive nominations received by ognized ‘‘DeSmogBlog,’’ which I men- carbon emissions by the government’s the Senate: tioned, as one of the best blogs of 2011, own social cost of carbon. You still get IN THE AIR FORCE describing it in these terms. Time Mag- to a huge subsidy. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT azine said this: The web is complex. It is organized IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE Fossil-fuel companies have spent millions into multiple levels. First, it cooks up AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION funding anti-global-warming think tanks, polluter-friendly nonsense among aca- 601: purposely creating a climate of doubt around demics that it funds in hundreds of uni- To be lieutenant general the science. DeSmogBlog is the anecdote to versities. For its money, the web gets a LT. GEN. TIMOTHY M. RAY the obfuscation. little scholarly imprimatur to the THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT In addition to its regular posts high- IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- propaganda. Then off that product goes CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE lighting egregious examples of climate to the think tanks that are the ‘‘dis- AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION denial, DeSmogBlog also maintains a guised political weapon[s],’’ described 601: comprehensive disinformation research by ‘‘Dark Money’’ author Jane Mayer, To be lieutenant general database to expose this web of denial. to be turned into policy. Then the LT. GEN. MARK C. NOWLAND The scholarship of all these aca- AstroTurf organizations get cranked THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- demics, all these organizations, and all up to retail that polluter-friendly pol- CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE these authors—the detectives who are icy. AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION exposing the web of denial—has shined Let me wrap up with this observa- 601: a bright light into its dark corners and tion. One thing needs to be absolutely To be lieutenant general eliminated its concerted effort to dupe clear about this web of denial. Truth is MAJ. GEN. JERRY P. MARTINEZ the American public and sabotage cli- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT not their object. Truth is actually IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- mate action in America—all to protect their adversary. The web has to mis- CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE the fossil fuel industry that funds it. It AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION lead to be effective. It has to do what 601: is sickening, but it is big. a Koch brothers operative described as To be lieutenant general The denial web is designed to be big the goal when this whole web was being and sophisticated enough that when developed. Here is what the Koch oper- MAJ. GEN. JERRY D. HARRIS, JR. you see its many parts, you are fooled ative said: IN THE ARMY into thinking it is not all the same It would be necessary [to] use ambiguous THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED beast, but it is—like the mythological and misleading names, obscure the true WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND Hydra, many heads, same beast. Pro- agenda, and conceal the means of control. RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: fessor Brulle likens what he called the Ambiguous and misleading names, To be lieutenant general climate countermovement to a stage obscure the true agenda, and conceal MAJ. GEN. PAUL M. NAKASONE

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:24 Jul 12, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\G11JY6.041 S11JYPT1 smartinez on DSK3GLQ082PROD with SENATE