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In English Canadian Queer Women's Literature B Queer Outburst: A Literary and Social Analysis of the Vancouver Node (1995-96) in English Canadian Queer Women‘s Literature by Linda Christine Fox B.A., Simon Fraser University, 1994 M.A., Simon Fraser University, 1999 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of English Linda Christine Fox, 2009 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. Library and Archives Bibliothèque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l’édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-66860-3 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-66860-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non- L’auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l’Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non- support microforme, papier, électronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L’auteur conserve la propriété du droit d’auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. without the author’s permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformément à la loi canadienne sur la Privacy Act some supporting forms protection de la vie privée, quelques may have been removed from this formulaires secondaires ont été enlevés de thesis. cette thèse. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans in the document page count, their la pagination, il n’y aura aucun contenu removal does not represent any loss manquant. of content from the thesis. ii Supervisory Committee Queer Outburst: A Literary and Social Analysis of the Vancouver Node (1995-96) within English Canadian Queer Women‘s Literature by Linda Christine Fox B.A., Simon Fraser University, 1994 M.A., Simon Fraser University, 1999 Supervisory Committee Dr. Misao Anne Dean, (Department of English) Supervisor Dr. Nicole Shukin, (Department of English) Departmental Member Dr. Evelyn M. Cobley, (Department of English) Departmental Member Dr. Christine St. Peter, (Department of Women‘s Studies) Outside Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. Misao Anne Dean, (Department of English) Supervisor Dr. Nicole Shukin, (Department of English) Departmental Member Dr. Evelyn M. Cobley, (Department of English) Departmental Member Dr. Christine St. Peter, (Department of Women‘s Studies) Outside Member Queer Outbursts‘ investigation of the Vancouver publication concentration (node) contributes to the fields of Canadian literature, queer and lesbian literature, Asian Canadian literature, and women‘s literature through three interwoven tasks. The first two tasks develop and combine node theory and node methodology to produce an original approach to materializing micro-histories minoritarian literatures. The third task demonstrates the nodal approach by materializing a node in Canadian queer women‘s writing centred in the relational geography of Vancouver in the mid-1990s. The queer aesthetics of the novels under consideration are inseparable from the queer bodies and the material contexts that produce them; literary works are not discrete, static creations springing spontaneously from the mind of an inspired isolated writer. Node work reflects this understanding as it oscillates between material, social, and literary analyses and archival fieldwork. The literary and political context of the Vancouver publication node is historicized through a close reading of the 1988 conference, Telling It, which convened authors from First Nations, Asian, and Lesbian communities in the first public and explicit linking of the issues of racialization and sexuality. Social analysis of the node relies on both actor-network theory and Pierre iv Bourdieu‘s analysis of cultural production. Literary analysis is focussed on Larissa Lai‘s When Fox Is a Thousand as the primary representative text, and the social analysis is primarily based on the material circumstances of Fox‘s production and distribution. Close reading of Lai‘s novel demonstrates how the political concerns of the enabling communities are taken up literarily. It also demonstrates an inter-nodal connection, through Lai‘s literary strategies that engage the work of Nicole Brossard, which represents another node of Canadian queer women‘s writing circa 1980 and centred in Montréal. Secondary close readings of three other node novels reveal a common ethical interest in community and difference that is expressed through a literary strategy that I have named ―literary thirdspace.‖ Shani Mootoo‘s Cereus Blooms At Night, Persimmon Blackbridge‘s Sunnybrook, and Daphne Marlatt‘s Taken each opens to a site of possible literary thirdspace that explores the qualities necessary to live difference productively within community: hybridity, instability, kindness, witnessing, safety, and radical acceptance. v Table of Contents Supervisory Committee .................................................................................................. ii Abstract ......................................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... iii List of Tables................................................................................................................. vi List of Figures .............................................................................................................. vii Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. viii Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................... ix Dedication .......................................................................................................................x Introduction: Author-ity, Positionality, and Queer Women‘s Literature ...........................1 Chapter One: Node Theory, Methodology, and Theoretical Allies ................................. 40 Chapter Two: Identifying and Materializing the Vancouver Node .................................. 76 Chapter Three: A Telling (It) Conference: Event Reception Effect .............................. 118 Chapter Four: Larissa Lai‘s Transformation of Écriture au Féminin in When Fox Is a Thousand: A TransCanada Internodal Migration` ........................................................ 157 Chapter Five: (Re)Viewing the Node: Materializing a Network ―Ecology‖ of Fox‘s Reception & Production............................................................................................... 191 Chapter 6: The Vancouver Node: Literary Thirdspace ................................................. 272 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 326 Appendix One: ―Total Population by Visible Minority Population (1), for British Columbia, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data) ................................................................ 337 Appendix Two: Vancouver Publications 1964-2003 (116 texts) ................................... 339 Appendix Three: Vancouver Publications 1964-2003 by Location of Publisher ........... 344 Appendix Four: Vancouver Publications 1964-2003 by Genre .................................... 349 Appendix Five (A): Bibliography of Media Notices of Fox.......................................... 354 Appendix Five (B): Fox Media Notices by Community, Year, and City ...................... 357 Appendix Five (C): Fox Media Notices: Location Table .............................................. 359 Works Cited ................................................................................................................ 360 vi List of Tables Table 1 Sites of Production of "Vancouver" Queer Women's Publications 1964-2003 .. 91 Table 2 Impact of Most Prolific Authors on Publications 1964-2003 ............................ 94 Table 3 Impact of Prolific Publishers of Publications 1964-2003 .................................. 97 Table 4 Impact of Women-only Publishers on Publications 1964-2003 ......................... 98 Table 5 Publishers of Vancouver Queer Women's Novels in the 1990s ......................... 99 Table 6 Genres of "Vancouver" Queer Women's Publications 1964-2003 ................... 102 Table 7 Genres of "Vancouver" Queer Women's Publications pre-1990s & 1990s ..... 103 Table 8 "Vancouver" Novels Published in the 1990s .................................................... 108 Table 9 Media Notice of When Fox Is a Thousand: Community
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