SUGI 23: an Investigation of the Efficiency of SQL DML Operations Performed on an Oracle DBMS Using SAS/Accessr Software
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Create Trigger Schema Postgresql
Create Trigger Schema Postgresql Diligent Gallagher sometimes gallants any harp reinforms single-mindedly. Lumpier and exarate Scott tongue limitedly and isolated his interactions approvingly and incorruptly. Tinniest and unabolished Berkie never opaquing quiveringly when Morton fall-back his duress. The legitimate unique identifier for house person. Now is are going to supervise an SQL file for adding data argue the table. You might declare a CURSOR, use case query. The privileges required by postgres function level, more triggers are processed by a predefined set of a particular order to store structured data. Use bleach if exists option and remove one arm more views from pan database database in not current. This is considered more consistent. Already loaded into different schemas live inside hasura became a create triggers and creates a couple of creating user? We can prevent all kinds of looping code in procedures with aggregate queries to a client like where tp where not a logical view! CREATE then REPLACE FUNCTION public. This way to be buffered to delete on geometry columns changes have created in postgresql create trigger against by trigger automatically drops an insert and occasional baby animal gifs! This is impossible except by anyone, check before insert or functions in which takes a create trigger postgresql create additional tables are enabled when date? For application that makes their first. We did with respect to spot when a system section provides an audit table belongs to remove trigger is used inside their twin daughters. Such as mentioned in postgresql create schema objects scripted would not. Many explanations from this document have been extracted from there. -
(DDL) Reference Manual
Data Definition Language (DDL) Reference Manual Abstract This publication describes the DDL language syntax and the DDL dictionary database. The audience includes application programmers and database administrators. Product Version DDL D40 DDL H01 Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs) This publication supports J06.03 and all subsequent J-series RVUs, H06.03 and all subsequent H-series RVUs, and G06.26 and all subsequent G-series RVUs, until otherwise indicated by its replacement publications. Part Number Published 529431-003 May 2010 Document History Part Number Product Version Published 529431-002 DDL D40, DDL H01 July 2005 529431-003 DDL D40, DDL H01 May 2010 Legal Notices Copyright 2010 Hewlett-Packard Development Company L.P. Confidential computer software. Valid license from HP required for possession, use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor's standard commercial license. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. Export of the information contained in this publication may require authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Intel, Itanium, Pentium, and Celeron are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. -
Creating Triggers with Trigger-By-Example in Graph Databases
Creating Triggers with Trigger-By-Example in Graph Databases Kornelije Rabuzin a and Martina Sestakˇ b Faculty of Organization and Informatics, University of Zagreb, Pavlinska 2, 42000 Varazdin,ˇ Croatia Keywords: Trigger-By-Example, Graph Databases, Triggers, Active Databases. Abstract: In recent years, NoSQL graph databases have received an increased interest in the research community. Vari- ous query languages have been developed to enable users to interact with a graph database (e.g. Neo4j), such as Cypher or Gremlin. Although the syntax of graph query languages can be learned, inexperienced users may encounter learning difficulties regardless of their domain knowledge or level of expertise. For this reason, the Query-By-Example approach has been used in relational databases over the years. In this paper, we demon- strate how a variation of this approach, the Trigger-By-Example approach, can be used to define triggers in graph databases, specifically Neo4j, as database mechanisms activated upon a given event. The proposed ap- proach follows the Event-Condition-Action model of active databases, which represents the basis of a trigger. To demonstrate the proposed approach, a special graphical interface has been developed, which enables users to create triggers in a short series of steps. The proposed approach is tested on several sample scenarios. 1 INTRODUCTION Example approach has been introduced to simplify the process of designing database triggers. The The idea of active mechanisms able to react to a spec- approach uses the Query-By-Example (QBE) as a ified event implemented in database systems dates graphical interface for creating triggers (Lee et al., from 1975, when it was first implemented in IBM’s 2000b), and makes the entire trigger design process System R. -
Chapter 10. Declarative Constraints and Database Triggers
Chapter 10. Declarative Constraints and Database Triggers Table of contents • Objectives • Introduction • Context • Declarative constraints – The PRIMARY KEY constraint – The NOT NULL constraint – The UNIQUE constraint – The CHECK constraint ∗ Declaration of a basic CHECK constraint ∗ Complex CHECK constraints – The FOREIGN KEY constraint ∗ CASCADE ∗ SET NULL ∗ SET DEFAULT ∗ NO ACTION • Changing the definition of a table – Add a new column – Modify an existing column’s type – Modify an existing column’s constraint definition – Add a new constraint – Drop an existing constraint • Database triggers – Types of triggers ∗ Event ∗ Level ∗ Timing – Valid trigger types • Creating triggers – Statement-level trigger ∗ Option for the UPDATE event – Row-level triggers ∗ Option for the row-level triggers – Removing triggers – Using triggers to maintain referential integrity – Using triggers to maintain business rules • Additional features of Oracle – Stored procedures – Function and packages – Creating procedures – Creating functions 1 – Calling a procedure from within a function and vice versa • Discussion topics • Additional content and activities Objectives At the end of this chapter you should be able to: • Know how to capture a range of business rules and store them in a database using declarative constraints. • Describe the use of database triggers in providing an automatic response to the occurrence of specific database events. • Discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the use of database triggers in application development. • Explain how stored procedures can be used to implement processing logic at the database level. Introduction In parallel with this chapter, you should read Chapter 8 of Thomas Connolly and Carolyn Begg, “Database Systems A Practical Approach to Design, Imple- mentation, and Management”, (5th edn.). -
IDUG NA 2007 Michael Paris: Hitchhikers Guide to Data Replication the Story Continues
Session: I09 Hitchhikers Guide to Data Replication The Story Continues ... Michael Paris Trans Union LLC May 9, 2007 9:50 a.m. – 10:50 a.m. Platform: Cross-Platform TransUnion is a global leader in credit and information management. For more than 30 years, we have worked with businesses and consumers to gather, analyze and deliver the critical information needed to build strong economies throughout the world. The result? Businesses can better manage risk and customer relationships. And consumers can better understand and manage credit so they can achieve their financial goals. Our dedicated associates support more than 50,000 customers on six continents and more than 500 million consumers worldwide. 1 The Hitchhiker’s Guide to IBM Data Replication • Rules for successful hitchhiking ••DONDON’’TT PANICPANIC •Know where your towel is •There is more than meets the eye •Have this guide and supplemental IBM materials at your disposal 2 Here are some additional items to keep in mind besides not smoking (we are forced to put you out before the sprinklers kick in) and silencing your electronic umbilical devices (there is something to be said for the good old days of land lines only and Ma Bell). But first a definition Hitchhike: Pronunciation: 'hich-"hIk Function: verb intransitive senses 1 : to travel by securing free rides from passing vehicles 2 : to be carried or transported by chance or unintentionally <destructive insects hitchhiking on ships> transitive senses : to solicit and obtain (a free ride) especially in a passing vehicle -hitch·hik·er noun – person that does the above Opening with the words “Don’t Panic” will instill a level of trust that at least by the end of this presentation you will be able to engage in meaningful conversations with your peers and management on the subject of replication. -
Forensic Attribution Challenges During Forensic Examinations of Databases
Forensic Attribution Challenges During Forensic Examinations Of Databases by Werner Karl Hauger Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science (Computer Science) in the Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology University of Pretoria, Pretoria September 2018 Publication data: Werner Karl Hauger. Forensic Attribution Challenges During Forensic Examinations Of Databases. Master's disser- tation, University of Pretoria, Department of Computer Science, Pretoria, South Africa, September 2018. Electronic, hyperlinked versions of this dissertation are available online, as Adobe PDF files, at: https://repository.up.ac.za/ Forensic Attribution Challenges During Forensic Examinations Of Databases by Werner Karl Hauger E-mail: [email protected] Abstract An aspect of database forensics that has not yet received much attention in the aca- demic research community is the attribution of actions performed in a database. When forensic attribution is performed for actions executed in computer systems, it is nec- essary to avoid incorrectly attributing actions to processes or actors. This is because the outcome of forensic attribution may be used to determine civil or criminal liabil- ity. Therefore, correctness is extremely important when attributing actions in computer systems, also when performing forensic attribution in databases. Any circumstances that can compromise the correctness of the attribution results need to be identified and addressed. This dissertation explores possible challenges when performing forensic attribution in databases. What can prevent the correct attribution of actions performed in a database? The first identified challenge is the database trigger, which has not yet been studied in the context of forensic examinations. Therefore, the dissertation investigates the impact of database triggers on forensic examinations by examining two sub questions. -
Exploring the Visualization of Schemas for Aggregate-Oriented Nosql Databases?
Exploring the Visualization of Schemas for Aggregate-Oriented NoSQL Databases? Alberto Hernández Chillón, Severino Feliciano Morales, Diego Sevilla Ruiz, and Jesús García Molina Faculty of Computer Science, University of Murcia Campus Espinardo, Murcia, Spain {alberto.hernandez1,severino.feliciano,dsevilla,jmolina}@um.es Abstract. The lack of an explicit data schema (schemaless) is one of the most attractive NoSQL database features for developers. Being schema- less, these databases provide a greater flexibility, as data with different structure can be stored for the same entity type, which in turn eases data evolution. This flexibility, however, should not be obtained at the expense of losing the benefits provided by having schemas: When writ- ing code that deals with NoSQL databases, developers need to keep in mind at any moment some kind of schema. Also, database tools usu- ally require the knowledge of a schema to implement their functionality. Several approaches to infer an implicit schema from NoSQL data have been proposed recently, and some utilities that take advantage of inferred schemas are emerging. In this article we focus on the requisites for the vi- sualization of schemas for aggregate-oriented NoSQL Databases. Schema diagrams have proven useful in designing and understanding databases. Plenty of tools are available to visualize relational schemas, but the vi- sualization of NoSQL schemas (and the variation that they allow) is still in an immature state, and a great R&D effort is required to achieve tools with the desired capabilities. Here, we study the main challenges to be addressed, and propose some visual representations. Moreover, we outline the desired features to be supported by visualization tools. -
SQL: Triggers, Views, Indexes Introduction to Databases Compsci 316 Fall 2014 2 Announcements (Tue., Sep
SQL: Triggers, Views, Indexes Introduction to Databases CompSci 316 Fall 2014 2 Announcements (Tue., Sep. 23) • Homework #1 sample solution posted on Sakai • Homework #2 due next Thursday • Midterm on the following Thursday • Project mixer this Thursday • See my email about format • Email me your “elevator pitch” by Wednesday midnight • Project Milestone #1 due Thursday, Oct. 16 • See project description on what to accomplish by then 3 Announcements (Tue., Sep. 30) • Homework #2 due date extended to Oct. 7 • Midterm in class next Thursday (Oct. 9) • Open-book, open-notes • Same format as sample midterm (from last year) • Already posted on Sakai • Solution to be posted later this week 4 “Active” data • Constraint enforcement: When an operation violates a constraint, abort the operation or try to “fix” data • Example: enforcing referential integrity constraints • Generalize to arbitrary constraints? • Data monitoring: When something happens to the data, automatically execute some action • Example: When price rises above $20 per share, sell • Example: When enrollment is at the limit and more students try to register, email the instructor 5 Triggers • A trigger is an event-condition-action (ECA ) rule • When event occurs, test condition ; if condition is satisfied, execute action • Example: • Event : some user’s popularity is updated • Condition : the user is a member of “Jessica’s Circle,” and pop drops below 0.5 • Action : kick that user out of Jessica’s Circle http://pt.simpsons.wikia.com/wiki/Arquivo:Jessica_lovejoy.jpg 6 Trigger example -
Oracle Nosql Database EE Data Sheet
Oracle NoSQL Database 21.1 Enterprise Edition (EE) Oracle NoSQL Database is a multi-model, multi-region, multi-cloud, active-active KEY BUSINESS BENEFITS database, designed to provide a highly-available, scalable, performant, flexible, High throughput and reliable data management solution to meet today’s most demanding Bounded latency workloads. It can be deployed in on-premise data centers and cloud. It is well- Linear scalability suited for high volume and velocity workloads, like Internet of Things, 360- High availability degree customer view, online contextual advertising, fraud detection, mobile Fast and easy deployment application, user personalization, and online gaming. Developers can use a single Smart topology management application interface to quickly build applications that run in on-premise and Online elastic configuration cloud environments. Multi-region data replication Enterprise grade software Applications send network requests against an Oracle NoSQL data store to and support perform database operations. With multi-region tables, data can be globally distributed and automatically replicated in real-time across different regions. Data can be modeled as fixed-schema tables, documents, key-value pairs, and large objects. Different data models interoperate with each other through a single programming interface. Oracle NoSQL Database is a sharded, shared-nothing system which distributes data uniformly across multiple shards in a NoSQL database cluster, based on the hashed value of the primary keys. An Oracle NoSQL Database data store is a collection of storage nodes, each of which hosts one or more replication nodes. Data is automatically populated across these replication nodes by internal replication mechanisms to ensure high availability and rapid failover in the event of a storage node failure. -
KB SQL Database Administrator Guide a Guide for the Database Administrator of KB SQL
KB_SQL Database Administrator Guide A Guide for the Database Administrator of KB_SQL © 1988-2019 by Knowledge Based Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from KB Systems, Inc., as governed by United States and international copyright laws. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. KB Systems, Inc., does not warrant that this document is free of errors. If you find any problems in the documentation, please report them to us in writing. Knowledge Based Systems, Inc. 43053 Midvale Court Ashburn, Virginia 20147 KB_SQL is a registered trademark of Knowledge Based Systems, Inc. MUMPS is a registered trademark of the Massachusetts General Hospital. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are properties of their respective companies. Table of Contents Preface ................................................. vii Purpose ............................................. vii Audience ............................................ vii Conventions Used in this Manual ...................................................................... viii The Organization of this Manual ......................... ... x Additional Documentation .............................. xii Chapter 1: An Overview of the KB_SQL User Groups and Menus ............................................................................................................ -
3 Data Definition Language (DDL)
Database Foundations 6-3 Data Definition Language (DDL) Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Roadmap You are here Data Transaction Introduction to Structured Data Definition Manipulation Control Oracle Query Language Language Language (TCL) Application Language (DDL) (DML) Express (SQL) Restricting Sorting Data Joining Tables Retrieving Data Using Using ORDER Using JOIN Data Using WHERE BY SELECT DFo 6-3 Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 Data Definition Language (DDL) Objectives This lesson covers the following objectives: • Identify the steps needed to create database tables • Describe the purpose of the data definition language (DDL) • List the DDL operations needed to build and maintain a database's tables DFo 6-3 Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4 Data Definition Language (DDL) Database Objects Object Description Table Is the basic unit of storage; consists of rows View Logically represents subsets of data from one or more tables Sequence Generates numeric values Index Improves the performance of some queries Synonym Gives an alternative name to an object DFo 6-3 Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5 Data Definition Language (DDL) Naming Rules for Tables and Columns Table names and column names must: • Begin with a letter • Be 1–30 characters long • Contain only A–Z, a–z, 0–9, _, $, and # • Not duplicate the name of another object owned by the same user • Not be an Oracle server–reserved word DFo 6-3 Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6 Data Definition Language (DDL) CREATE TABLE Statement • To issue a CREATE TABLE statement, you must have: – The CREATE TABLE privilege – A storage area CREATE TABLE [schema.]table (column datatype [DEFAULT expr][, ...]); • Specify in the statement: – Table name – Column name, column data type, column size – Integrity constraints (optional) – Default values (optional) DFo 6-3 Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. -
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Pl/Sql
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION TO PL/SQL TRUE/FALSE 1. A programming language allows the actions of an end user to be converted into instructions that a computer can understand. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 2 2. Structured Query Language (SQL) is considered a procedural language. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 2 3. PL/SQL fully supports SQL data types. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 3 4. PL/SQL allows blocks of statements to be sent to Oracle in a single transmission. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 4 5. Database security can be increased with application processing supported by PL/SQL stored program units. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 4 6. Program units can enable the access of database objects to users without the users being granted privileges to access the specific objects. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 4 7. If you have a piece of code that has the potential of being used by various applications, saving this code on the server allows it to be shared by several applications. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 5 8. A database model is a general framework or design that describes how the various components of an application will be addressed. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 5 9. The three-tier application model is also referred to as a client/server application. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 5 10. The term named program unit indicates that the program is saved in a database and, therefore, can be used or shared by different applications. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 6 11. An event can range from a user action, such as clicking the button on the screen, to a table update statement that automatically calls a database trigger.