Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2014 Technical Overview
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ROSS MISTRY STACIA MISNER PUBLISHED BY Microsoft Press A Division of Microsoft Corporation One Microsoft Way Redmond, Washington 98052-6399 Copyright © 2014 by Microsoft Corporation All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Control Number: 2014934033 ISBN: 978-0-7356-8475-1 Printed and bound in the United States of America. First Printing Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. If you need support related to this book, email Microsoft Press Book Support at [email protected]. Please tell us what you think of this book at http://www.microsoft.com/learning/booksurvey. Microsoft and the trademarks listed at http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/legal/intellectualproperty/Trademarks/ EN-US.aspx are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. All other marks are property of their respective owners. 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Copyeditor: John Pierce Indexer: Lucie Haskins Cover: Twist Creative • Seattle I dedicate this book to my Kyanna and Kaden. Follow your passions, and never let anyone hold you back. And to the next chapter in the game of life, “Return of the Autumn Wind.” —ROSS MISTRY I dedicate this book to my SQL family all around the world. You all bring a lot of enthusiasm and passion of your own to this pro- fession, which inspires me and spurs me on to learn more so that I can share more. Thanks to each of you for what you give to me. —STACIA MISNER Contents at a glance PART I DATABASE ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 1 SQL Server 2014 editions and engine enhancements 3 CHAPTER 2 In-Memory OLTP investments 23 CHAPTER 3 High-availability, hybrid-cloud, and backup enhancements 39 PART II BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 4 Exploring self-service BI in Microsoft Excel 2013 63 CHAPTER 5 Introducing Power BI for Office 365 89 CHAPTER 6 Big data solutions 101 Contents Introduction . xi PART I DATABASE ADMINISTRATION Chapter 1 SQL Server 2014 editions and engine enhancements 3 SQL Server 2014 enhancements for database administrators . 4 Availability enhancements . 4 Backup and restore enhancements. 7 Scalability and performance enhancements . .. 8 Security enhancements . 10 Platform for hybrid cloud . 11 SQL Server 2014 editions . 13 Enterprise edition . .. 13 Standard edition. 14 Business Intelligence edition . 15 Specialized editions . 16 SQL Server 2014 licensing overview . 16 Hardware and software requirements . 17 Installation, upgrade, and migration strategies .. 18 In-place upgrade . 18 Side-by-side migration . 20 Chapter 2 In-Memory OLTP investments 23 In-Memory OLTP overview . 23 In-Memory OLTP fundamentals and architecture . 25 Four In-Memory OLTP architecture pillars . 26 In-Memory OLTP concepts and terminology . 27 Hardware and software requirements for memory-optimized tables . 28 In-Memory OLTP use cases . 28 Myths about In-Memory OLTP . 29 vii In-Memory OLTP integration and application migration . 29 Will In-Memory OLTP improve performance? . 31 Using the Memory Optimization Advisor to migrate disk-based tables . 31 Analyzing In-Memory OLTP behavior after memory-optimized table migration . .. 32 Using In-Memory OLTP . 33 Enabling In-Memory OLTP in a database . 34 Create memory-optimized tables and natively compile stored procedures . 34 Execute queries to demonstrate performance when using memory-optimized tables . 35 Appendix . 36 Memory-optimized table . 36 Natively compiled stored procedure . 37 Chapter 3 High-availability, hybrid-cloud, and backup enhancements 39 SQL Server high-availability and disaster-recovery enhancements . 40 AlwaysOn Availability Groups enhancements .. 40 AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances enhancements . 43 Platform for hybrid cloud . 46 Cloud disaster recovery. .. 46 Deploy a database to a Windows Azure Virtual Machine . 50 Storing SQL Server data files in Windows Azure . 51 Extending on-premises apps to the cloud. 52 Backup and restore enhancements . 53 SQL Server backup to a URL .. 53 Encryption for backups . 56 SQL Server Managed Backup to Windows Azure . .59 viii Contents PART II BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT Chapter 4 Exploring self-service BI in Microsoft Excel 2013 63 Excel Data Model and Power Pivot . 63 Working with the Data Model . 64 Managing data as a Power Pivot model . 65 Power Query . 67 Searching for data . 68 Importing data . 69 Loading the worksheet or Data Model . 71 Shaping data . .. 71 Combining data . 75 Power View. 77 Creating a Power View report . 77 Working with visualizations . 78 Sharing a Power View report . 79 Power Map . 79 Creating a Power Map. 80 Visualizing geographic data . 80 Exploring the 3-D map . 84 Displaying values over time . 84 Enhancing a map . 84 Working with tours, scenes, and layers . 86 Sharing Power Map . 87 Chapter 5 Introducing Power BI for Office 365 89 Power BI sites . 89 Configuring featured workbooks . 91 Opening Power View in HTML5 . 91 Adding favorite reports to My Power BI . 92 Contents ix Shared queries . 93 Creating a shared query . 93 Using a shared query .. 94 Managing query metadata . 94 Reviewing usage analytics . 94 Power BI Q&A . 95 Power BI for Mobile . 97 Preparing a workbook for mobile viewing . 97 Using Power BI for Mobile . 97 Sharing a report from Power BI for Mobile . 99 Power BI administration . 99 Chapter 6 Big data solutions 101 Big data .. 101 Describing big data . 101 Exploring the history of Hadoop. 102 HDInsight . 104 Creating a storage account for HDInsight . .. 105 Provisioning an HDInsight cluster . 106 Loading data into a storage account . 106 Working with Hive . 108 Analyzing data from Hive . 110 PolyBase . 115 Exploring the benefits of PolyBase . 115 Accessing HDFS data from PDW . 116 Index 119 What do you think of this book? We want to hear from you! Microsoft is interested in hearing your feedback so we can continually improve our books and learning resources for you. To participate in a brief online survey, please visit: microsoft.com/learning/booksurvey x Contents Introduction icrosoft SQL Server 2014 is the next generation of Microsoft’s information plat- Mform, with new features that deliver faster performance, expand capabilities in the cloud, and provide powerful business insights. In this book, we explain how SQL Server 2014 incorporates in-memory technology to boost performance in online transac- tional processing (OLTP) and data-warehouse solutions. We also describe how it eases the transition from on-premises solutions to the cloud with added support for hybrid environments. SQL Server 2014 continues to include components that support analysis, although no major new features for business intelligence were included in this release. However, several advances of note have been made in related technologies such as Microsoft Excel 2013, Power BI for Office 365, HDInsight, and PolyBase, and we describe these advances in this book as well. Who should read this book? This book is for anyone who has an interest in SQL Server 2014 and wants to under- stand its capabilities. Many new improvements have been made to SQL Server 2014, but in a book of this size we cannot cover every improvement in its entirety—or cover