Mapa De Riesgos Del Volcán Guagua Pichincha
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Developing a Health Training Program to Prepare for Volcanic Eruptions in Colombia and Ecuador
ECHO/ISDR good practices for resilient communities Developing a Health Training Program to Prepare for Volcanic Eruptions in Colombia and Ecuador A DIPECHO Project, executed by The Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization Summary Country/ies of implementation of the Action Ecuador and Colombia. In Ecuador, the provinces of Pichincha, Chimborazo, Tungurahua, Sucumbios, and Napo. In Colombia, the departments of Nariño, Caldas, Risaralda and Quindío. Principal objective To reduce risk by better preparing the vulnerable populations in the areas most affected by volcanic eruptions in Ecuador and Colombia. In this case, preparedness means the reinforcement of the coping capacity of the health sector at the national, sub-national and municipal level in both selected countries. These improvements are critical to the establishment of a better preparedness program, and to the exchange of technical experiences between Ecuador and Colombia. Specific objective Strengthening the technical capacity of the health sector in both selected countries to respond to volcanic eruptions, through the development and dissemination of training materials on health preparedness, a “train the trainers” program for health professionals at the national, sub-national and municipal levels, and training of members of existing disaster response teams (EOCs). 1.1.1. 1.1.2. Problem statement Together, Ecuador and Colombia have the highest number of active volcanoes in Latin America. History in those countries is plagued with examples of volcanic eruptions that have caused dramatic human and economic losses with a significant impact on the development of the affected populations, such as the Nevado del Ruiz eruption in 1985 in Colombia, and the eruptions of the Guagua Pichincha, Tungurahua and Reventador volcanoes in recent years in Ecuador. -
1. GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1. About Ecuador
2nd Meeting of the ITU Centres of Excellence (CoE) Steering Committee for the Americas Region From 11 to 12 December 2019 Quito, Ecuador 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1. About Ecuador: Ecuador is the second smallest country in South America. Nevertheless, it has a diversity of landscapes to explore. The Pacific Coast stretches along the western edge of Ecuador, while the Highlands or the "Sierra" is centralized in the country, stretching all the way from the North to the South. The East is mainly composed of Amazonian rainforest; and, the "Island Region" contains the Galapagos Islands, volcanic islands located in the Pacific Ocean about 960 kilometres from the Ecuadorian coast. The unique wildlife located in the archipelago inspired the British naturalist Charles Darwin in the development of the theory of evolution. Due to the proximity of the country with the Equator and its geographic diversity, Ecuador is an ideal destination for lovers of nature, orchids and exotic birds and jungle plants, strange insects, wastelands hit by the wind, tropical forests and intrepid animals. Due to the proximity of the country with the Equator and its geographic diversity, Ecuador is an ideal destination for nature lovers, with orchids and exotic birds, jungle plants and strange insects, moorlands hit by the wind, tropical forests and intrepid animals. In addition to the natural richness, Ecuador has a recognized cultural heritage deriving mainly from the traditions and history of their diverse peoples and nationalities, an integral part of this Andean country. As a result of its small size (256.370 square kilometres), all its regions can be easily visited in a short period of time. -
La Catástrofe Del Nevado Del Ruiz, ¿Una Enseñanza Para El Ecuador? El Caso Del Cotopaxi
La catástrofe del Nevado del Ruiz, ¿Una enseñanza para el Ecuador? El caso del Cotopaxi. Robert d’Ercole To cite this version: Robert d’Ercole. La catástrofe del Nevado del Ruiz, ¿Una enseñanza para el Ecuador? El caso del Cotopaxi.. Estudios de Geograf’ia, Corporación Editora Nacional, 1989, Riesgos Naturales en Quito, 2, pp.5-32. hal-01184809 HAL Id: hal-01184809 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01184809 Submitted on 25 Aug 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. LA CATASTROFE DEL NEVADO DEL RUIZ l UNA ENSENANZA- PARA EL ECUADOR ? EL CASO DEL COTOPAXI Robert D'Ercole* El 13 de noviembre de 1985, el volcân colombiano, el Nevado deI Ruiz, erupciono provocando la muerte de unas 25.000 personas. Esta es la mayor catâstrofe causada por un volcan desde la que produjo 29.000 victimas, en 1902 en la isla Martinica, luego de la erupci6n de la Montafla Pelée. La magnitud de las consecuencias y el hecho de que el Ruiz haya dado signos de reactivaci6n mucho tiempo antes, plantean el problema deI fenomeno natural pero también de los factores humanos que originaron la tragedia. -
Cayambeantisana Skills Expedition
The Spirit of Alpinism www.AlpineInstitute.com [email protected] Administrative Office: 360-671-1505 Equipment Shop: 360-671-1570 CayambeAntisana Skills Expedition Program Itinerary Copyright 2015, American Alpine Institute Day 1: Arrive Quito (9500 ft / 2895 m) – Start of Part 1 This is the first scheduled day of the program. Arrive in Quito and meet your guide and other members of the expedition at Hotel Reina Isabel. The first day is designated for travel to Ecuador and becoming situated in country. For those who arrive early, we will provide you with a variety of sight seeing options including a tour of the historic colonial sector of Quito and El Panecillo overlooking the city. We will spend the night at Hotel Reina Isabel. Day 2: Acclimatize Otavalo Market After meeting the rest of your group for breakfast, we will drive north, crossing the line of the Equator on our way to the Otavalo market. We begin our acclimatization by exploring the market which is filled with indigenous crafts and food. For lunch, we will take a leisurely walk to Lago de San Pablo and dine on the lake shore across from the dormant Imbabura Volcano (15,255ft). We will return to Hotel Reina Isabel for the evening. Day 3: Acclimatize Cerro Pasochoa (13,776 ft / 4199 m) Today we will go on our first acclimatization hike on Cerro Pasochoa. The Pasochoa Wildlife Refuge has been protected since 1982, and exists as it did in preColombian times. In the forest below Cerro Pasochoa we will hike among stands of pumamaqui, polyapis, podocarpus, and sandlewood trees as we watch for some of the more than one hundred species of native birds. -
SABO in Ecuador
SABO in Ecuador Remigio Galárraga Sánchez, Ph. D. Water Sciences Unit, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Escuela Politécnica Nacional-Quito, Ecuador Lima – Perú November 20 – 26, 2005 Layout of presentation: • 1. First steps of SABO in Ecuador. List of disaster prevention engineering projects. • 2. Experiences of SABO in Ecuador. • 2.1. The Guagua Pichincha experience. • 2.2. The Cotopaxi volcano experience. • 2.3. HIGEODES 1. First steps of SABO in Ecuador. • DEBRIS-MUD FLOWS OF VOLCANIC ORIGIN • Debris and mud flows numerical simulation • Early warning systems – Pichincha volcano • Physical hydraulic models • Hazard maps • Structural and non-structural mitigation measures • DEBRIS-MUD FLOWS OF HYDROMETEOROLOGIC ORIGEN. • HIGEODES –Hydrogeodynamic & Antropogenic Disaster Prevention Research Center. • Main disaster prevention Engineering Projects. a.- Debris- mudflow hazard maps in the western part of the city of Quito. b.- Physical modeling of deposited volcanic ash. c.- Mudflow simulation using FLO-2D. Due to a possible eruption of the Guagua Pichincha volcano, west of Quito. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 2. SABO IN ECUADOR THEThe GUAGUA Guagua PICHINCHA Pichincha VOLCANO volcano 2.1 The Guagua Pichincha volcano • Location: Latitude: 0. 17° S Longitude: 78.60° W • Basic information Elevation: 4794 m Diameter in the base: 12 km N-S Type of volcano: Estratovolcano with an avalanche open caldera to the west • Diameter of the caldera: 1.6 km Depth of the caldera: 700 m Domo in the caldera, elevation: 400 m • GUAGUA PICHINCHA: • First attemp to study debris and mud flows of volcanic origin by numerical simulation both in the sideslopes of the volcano masiff andwithinthecity. -
PRATT-THESIS-2019.Pdf
THE UTILITARIAN AND RITUAL APPLICATIONS OF VOLCANIC ASH IN ANCIENT ECUADOR by William S. Pratt, B.S. A thesis submitted to the Graduate Council of Texas State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Master of Arts with a Major in Anthropology August 2019 Committee Members: Christina Conlee, Chair David O. Brown F. Kent Reilly III COPYRIGHT by William S. Pratt 2019 FAIR USE AND AUTHOR’S PERMISSION STATEMENT Fair Use This work is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, section 107). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgement. Use of this material for financial gain without the author’s express written permission is not allowed. Duplication Permission As the copyright holder of this work I, William S. Pratt, authorize duplication of this work, in whole or in part, for educational or scholarly purposes only. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Numerous people have contributed over the years both directly and indirectly to the line of intrigue that led me to begin this work. I would like to extend thanks to all of the members of my thesis committee. To Christina Conlee for her patience, council, and encouragement as well as for allowing me the opportunity to vent when the pressures of graduate school weighed on me. To F. Kent Reilly for his years of support and for reorienting me when the innumerable distractions of the world would draw my eye from my studies. And I especially owe a great deal of thanks to David O. -
Cayambeantisana Skills Expedition
The Spirit of Alpinism www.AlpineInstitute.com [email protected] Administrative Office: 360-671-1505 Equipment Shop: 360-671-1570 Ecuador High Altitude Expedition Program Itinerary Copyright 2015, American Alpine Institute Part One: CayambeAntisana Skills Expedition Day 1: Arrive Quito (9500 ft / 2895 m) – Start of Part 1 This is the first scheduled day of the program. Arrive in Quito and meet your guide and other members of the expedition at Hotel Reina Isabel. The first day is designated for travel to Ecuador and becoming situated in country. For those who arrive early, we will provide you with a variety of sight seeing options including a tour of the historic colonial sector of Quito and El Panecillo overlooking the city. We will spend the night at Hotel Reina Isabel. Day 2: Acclimatize Otavalo Market After meeting the rest of your group for breakfast, we will drive north, crossing the line of the Equator on our way to the Otavalo market. We begin our acclimatization by exploring the market which is filled with indigenous crafts and food. For lunch, we will take a leisurely walk to Lago de San Pablo and dine on the lake shore across from the dormant Imbabura Volcano (15,255ft). We will return to Hotel Reina Isabel for the evening. Day 3: Acclimatize Cerro Pasochoa (13,776 ft / 4199 m) Today we will go on our first acclimatization hike on Cerro Pasochoa. The Pasochoa Wildlife Refuge has been protected since 1982, and exists as it did in preColombian times. In the forest below Cerro Pasochoa we will hike among stands of pumamaqui, polyapis, podocarpus, and sandlewood trees as we watch for some of the more than one hundred species of native birds. -
Regional Synthesis of Last Glacial Maximum Snowlines in the Tropical Andes, South America
ARTICLE IN PRESS Quaternary International 138–139 (2005) 145–167 Regional synthesis of last glacial maximum snowlines in the tropical Andes, South America Jacqueline A. Smitha,Ã, Geoffrey O. Seltzera,y, Donald T. Rodbellb, Andrew G. Kleinc aDepartment of Earth Sciences, 204 Heroy Geology Lab, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1070, USA bDepartment of Geology, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA cDepartment of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA Available online 18 April 2005 Abstract The modern glaciers of the tropical Andes are a small remnant of the ice that occupied the mountain chain during past glacial periods. Estimates of local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) snowline depression range from low (e.g., 200–300 m in the Junin region, Peru), through intermediate (600 m at Laguna Kollpa Kkota in Bolivia), to high (e.g., 1100–1350 m in the Cordillera Oriental, Peru). Although a considerable body of work on paleosnowlines exists for the tropical Andes, absolute dating is lacking for most sites. Moraines that have been reliably dated to 21 cal kyr BP have been identified at few locations in the tropical Andes. More commonly, but still rarely, moraines can be bracketed between about 10 14C kyr (11.5 cal kyr BP) and 30 14C kyr BP. Typically, only minimum-limiting ages for glacial retreat are available. Cosmogenic dating of erratics on moraines may be able to provide absolute dating with sufficient accuracy to identify deposits of the local LGM. Ongoing work using cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in Peru and Bolivia suggests that the local LGM may have occurred prior to 21 cal kyr BP. -
Antisana Volcano: a Representative Andesitic Volcano of the Eastern Cordillera of Ecuador: Petrography, Chemistry, Tephra and Glacial Stratigraphy
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 73 (2017) 50e64 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Antisana volcano: A representative andesitic volcano of the eastern cordillera of Ecuador: Petrography, chemistry, tephra and glacial stratigraphy * Minard L. Hall a, , Patricia A. Mothes a, Pablo Samaniego b, Annemarie Militzer d, Bernardo Beate c, Patricio Ramon a, Claude Robin b a Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Casilla 1701-2759, Quito, Ecuador b Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Universite Blaise Pascal - CNRS - IRD, Campus Universitaire des Cezeaux, 6 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178, Aubiere, France c Dept. Geología, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Casilla 1701-2759, Quito, Ecuador d Institute for Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat€ Mainz, Germany article info abstract Article history: Antisana volcano is representative of many active andesitic strato-volcanoes of Pleistocene age in Received 28 May 2016 Ecuador's Eastern Cordillera. This study represents the first modern geological and volcanological Received in revised form investigation of Antisana since the late 1890's; it also summarizes the present geochemical under- 2 November 2016 standing of its genesis. The volcano's development includes the formation and destruction of two older Accepted 26 November 2016 edifices (Antisana I and II) during some 400 þ ka. Antisana II suffered a sector collapse about 15,000 Available online 29 November 2016 years ago which was followed by the birth and growth of Antisana III. During its short life Antisana III has generated 50 eruptions of small to medium intensity, often associated with andesitic to dacitic lava Keywords: fl Long-lived evolving andesitic volcanism ows and tephra, as well as with late Pleistocene and Holocene glacial advances. -
Report to the Shareholders
REPORT TO THE SHAREHOLDERS REPORT TO THE SHAREHOLDERS 2015 Macroeconomic Situation and 2016 Outlook BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE GLOBAL AND REGIONAL MACROECONOMIC SITUATION According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and its World Economic Outlook report,1 the global economy grew by 3.1% in 2015 and is projected to expand by 3.4% this year. The IMF predicts that advanced economies will improve by 2.1% and emerging economies by 4.3% in 2016. The aggregate GDP of Latin America and the Caribbean will contract, although at a lower rate than the 0.3% reported in 2015, "this reflects the recession in Brazil and in other countries in economic distress." In other words, it is expected that advanced economies will slightly progress, while the slowdown of economic activity in the economies of emerging and developing markets will likely continue. Furthermore, the IMF report highlighted that the escalation of the United States economy and the robust dollar are causing the manufacturing sector to marginally deflate. The risks of reduced growth in emerging and developing economies precisely include a heightened appreciation of the dollar and more restrictive financial conditions. These could pose vulnerability in those markets, with a potentially adverse impact on corporate financial statements and financing problems when there is high dollar exposure, as is the case of Ecuador. The World Bank predicts that the global economy will expand by 3.3% in 2016. Premised on World Bank data,2 the global economy flourished by 3% in 2015. The prognosis for 2016 is that economic growth will be 3.3% because of "financial volatility, intensifying geopolitical tensions and prolonged stagnation in the euro region or Japan." The World Bank states that the economic expansion of Latin America and the Caribbean was 2.6% in 2015 and predicts that developing economies will inflate by 4.8% in 2016. -
Geothermal Country Update for Ecuador, 2005 -2010
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2010 Bali, Indonesia, 25-29 April 2010 Geothermal Country Update for Ecuador, 2005 -2010 Bernardo Beate, Rodney Salgado Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Dpto. de Geología, PO Box 17-01-2759, Quito/Ecuador [email protected] Keywords: Ecuador, geothermal exploration, heat sources, already completed the first geothermal gradient exploration hot springs of Ecuador, assessment of geothermal hole, ever, in Ecuador, on the Tufiño prospect, to a depth of prospects, use of geothermal energy. 554 m and final diameter NQ (76 mm). Chachimbiro has been allocated 1 MUSD for geophysical exploration ABSTRACT starting 2009 and reconnaissance geological and geochemical surveys are underway in Chacana-Papallacta Ecuador is located on the active convergent plate margin of prospect. This and several other high and low-medium Southamerica, which is characterized by a broad continental temperature geothermal prospects in Ecuador await state volcanic arc with abundant active volcanoes and intense and private investment to be developed in order to lessen seismicity. Earlier geothermal exploration, carried out from the dependance on fossil fuel use. Finally, in Ecuador, the mid 1970’s to the earlier 1990’s by government geothermal energy is challenged to be cost-efficient in front institutions with the aid of foreign technical assistance of an abundant hydro resource, as well as to be programs, defined a combined theoretical potential of about environmentally safe. 500 MWe for the three most promising geothermal prospects, namely: Tufiño-Chiles, Chalupas and Chachimbiro, located in the highlands of central-north 1. INTRODUCTION Ecuador. A dozen of other geothermal prospects, related to This paper is a follow up of the previous country update for silicic calderas, or to evolved stratovolcanoes, or even to the interval 2000-2005, published in the Proceedings of evolved basaltic shields, like Alcedo in Galapagos, will WGC2005 in Antalya, Turkey (Beate & Salgado, 2005). -
Sangay Volcano: Ecuador
Sangay Volcano: Ecuador drishtiias.com/printpdf/sangay-volcano-ecuador Why in News Recently, Ecuador’s Sangay volcano erupted. Key Points About Sangay Volcano: Sangay volcano is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world and one of Ecuador's most active ones. Sangay is the southernmost stratovolcano (a volcano built up of alternate layers of lava and ash) in the northern volcanic zone of the Andes. It is 5230 m high. The Andes is the longest above water mountain range in the world and boasts some of the highest peaks. Sangay National Park is located in the central part of Ecuador on the Andes mountains' eastern side. It is a world heritage site. Eruptions: The earliest report of a historical eruption was in 1628. More or less continuous eruptions were reported from 1728 until 1916, and again from 1934 to the present. Sangay has had frequent eruptions in historic times, mostly of strombolian type. Other Major Volcanoes of Ecuador: Ecuador, part of the Pacific Rim’s “Ring of Fire” region, has eight volcanoes such as Cotopaxi (5,897m), Cayambe (5,790m), Pichincha (4,784m) etc. in its territory. 1/3 Volcanic Eruptions About: Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this are population movements as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow. Types: Volcanic activity and volcanic areas are commonly divided into six major types: Icelandic: It is characterized by effusions of molten basaltic lava that flow from long, parallel fissures. Such outpourings often build lava plateaus.