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Home , Deep temporal nerves, Infratemporal crest, Infratemporal fossa, Middle temporal artery, Pterion, Pterygomaxillary fissure

Temporal ,infratemporal and pterygoplatine fossae 11-10-2017

At the end of the lecture you should be able to : Osteology of temporal ,infratemporal and pterygoplatine fossae The boundaries of the temporal a, infratemporal and pterygoplatine fossae The contents of temporal ,infratemporal and pterygoplatine fossae

Temporal : is fan shaped space that covers lateral surface of , bounded by temporal lines and terminating below the level of Boundaries: 1.Anteriorly: Posterior surface of the frontal of the zygomatic and the posterior surface of the of the .

2.Superiorly &posteriorly: Pair of temporal lines (superior and inferior temporal lines) that arch across the skull from the zygomatic process of the frontal bone to the supramastoid crest of the Inferiorly : Zygomatic arch laterally and by the of the greater wing of the sphenoid medially.

1 Temporal ,infratemporal and pterygoplatine fossae 11-10-2017

The CONTENTS: 1.Temporalis muscle: * Temporalis muscle: fan shaped muscle originates from superior temporal line. Its fibres converge inferiorly to form a which attaches to the anterior surface of coronoid process of . A powerful elevator and rectractor of mandible . Innervated by the branch of . Blood supplied :by the deep temporal and middle temporal . 2. Fascia covers temporalis 3.Deep temporal N&V Usually 2 in number arises from the anterior branch of mandibular nerve in the ;pass superiorly ,around the infratemporal crest of the , deep to temporalis muscle to innervate it.

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4. a branch of Superficial temporal artery peneterates the and goes deep to temporalis muscle ;supplies temporalis muscle and anastomoses with deep temporal artery. 5.Zygomatico temporal nerve from maxillary branch of : . penetrates temporal fascia to supply skin of the .

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Infratemporal fossa: Is an irregularly shaped cavity ,situated below and medial to the zygomatic arch .It is not fully enclosed by bone in all direction ,and contains superficial muscles that are visible during dissection after removing of skin and fascia: Boundaries: *Superficial (lateral): Ramus of mandible and coronoid process Deep (medial): Lateral pterygoid plate *Superior: Infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid with foramena ovale and spinosum *Anterior: Tuberosity of *Posterior : Styloid process of . *Inferiorly : continuous with deep fascia .

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COMMUNICATIONS: 1. With temporal fossa: through a gap deep to zygomatic arch 2. With : through , , foramen lacerum 3. With : through 4. With : through The contents : 1. * medial and lateral pterygoids are located within the fossa *masseter and temporalis muscles insert and originate into the borders of the fossa.

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2. A part of & its branches: Maxillary artery (terminal branch of the ) travels through the infratemporal fossa. Within the fossa, it gives rise to the , which travels into the cranial cavity via the foramen spinosum. Clinically this is important as a site of traumatic bleed as the middle meningeal passes underneath the .

3. of veins: is directly connected to the cavernous sinus, and drains the eye and its locality. Infections of the skin and eye socket are able to track back into the plexus, and on up into the cavernous sinus where meningitis is a substantial risk.

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4. Mandibular nerve & its branches It enters the fossa via the foramen ovale, giving rise to motor and sensory branches.

5. Auriculotemporal, buccal, lingual and inferior alveolar nerves – sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. 6. : a branch of the facial nerve .It follows the anatomical course of the and provides taste innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.

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7. – a parasympathetic collection of neurone cell bodies located below foramen ovale. Nerve fibres leaving this ganglion ‘along the to supply secretomotor fibres to parotid salivary gland

Pterygoplatine Fossa

Cone-shaped paired depression deep to the infratemporal fossa and posterior to the maxilla on each side of the skull, located between the pterygoid process and the ,

It has the following boundaries:

 anteriorly: posterior surface of maxilla  posteriorly: root of the pterygoid process and adjoining anterior surface of the greater wing of sphenoid bone  medially: perpendicular plate of the  lateraliy: pterygomaxillary fissure

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The contents :

• The [V2]

• 2. Terminal part of the maxillary artery

• 3. Nerve of the pterygoid

• 4. The

• 5. Veins and lymphatic's also pass through the pterygopalatine fossa.

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Question :

Which nerve is responsible for sensation in the posterior third of the tongue?

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