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Lustgården 1922 LUSTGåRDEN 2018 Lustgården Årsskrift 2018 Årgång 98 FÖRENINGEN FOR DENDROLOGI OCH PARKVÅRD 1 Lustgården 2018 indd 1 2018-11-21 03 29 Lustgården 2018 indd 2 2018-11-21 03 29 •• •• FÖRENINGEN FOR DENDROLOGI & PARKVÅRD THE SWEDISH SOCIETY FOR DENDROEOGY AND PARK CUETURE Postadress: Sibyllegatan 65, 114 43 Stockholm tel: 08-765 20 81 Bankgiro 5631-6110 Hemsida: www.dendrologerna.se Kontakt: kontakt@dendrologerna .se Facebook: www.facebook.com / www.dendrologerna.se Ordförande: Per Jönsson, Västerlånggatan 64, 111 29 Stockholm, tel: 08-654 85 80, mobil: 0706 201 164 [email protected] Vice ordf: Daniel Daggfeldt, Drottningholmsvägen 70, 112 43 Stockholm tel: 08-13 12 20, mobil: 0709 968 774 [email protected] Sekreterare: Catharina Lewenhaupt, Skogsstigen 13, 185 99 Vaxholm tel: 08-541 364 45, mobil: 0704 641 391 [email protected] Skattmästare: Barbro Ridderlöf, Sibyllegatan 65, 114 43 Stockholm mobil: 0708 130 090 [email protected] Redaktör: Börje Lind, Volundsgatan 15, 723 55 Västerås mobil: 070-561 87 90 [email protected] Övriga: Pia Barklund [email protected] Börje Drakenberg [email protected] Hans Peter Hedlund [email protected] Eva Hernbäck [email protected] Gunvor Larsson gunvorl@telia .com Lars Nyberg [email protected] Johan Stenberg [email protected] Inger Törnblom [email protected] Medlemsavgifter: Ordinarie medlem 450 kr / år Familjemedlem 150 kr / år Studerande 150 kr / år Ständig medlem 6 000 kr Ständig familjemedlem 3 000 kr Lustgården: De två senaste årgångarna säljs till priset av respektive års medlemsavgift + porto. Äldre årg. 100 kr + porto. Manusstopp för nästa års Lustgården är den 1 september 2019. Redaktör: Börje Lind, överläkare Redaktionsråd: Pia Barklund, docent i skoglig mikrobiologi Patrick Bellan, universitetsadjunkt vid SLU Alnarp Gunvor Larsson, botanist Henrik Morin, trädgårdsmästare Lars Nyberg, landskapsarkitekt Layout: Fredrik Sandberg Tryckeri: Bulls Graphics 2017. ISSN 0349-0033 Materialet i Lustgården publiceras och lagras elektroniskt och finns tillgängligt på hemsidan efter ett år. LUSTGÅRDEN 2018 3 Lustgården 2018 indd 3 2018-11-21 03 29 Lustgården 2018 indd 4 2018-11-21 03 29 Innehåll Börje Lind Redaktörens rader 7 Per Jönsson Ordf örande har ordet 9 Vikki Bengtsson, Ola Bengtsson Hamling - skada, nytta eller skönhet? 11 Emil Jangtorp Hamling - Då, nu och sen då? 19 Pia Barklund Enbuskar angrips av rostsvamparna Gymnosporangium clavariiforme och G. cornutum 33 Kolbjörn Wdern Hur ska det gå för Hagaparken? 39 Bert Eriksson Parker, planteringar och alléer i Nyköping 51 Eric Danell Vedartade blomväxter i Sverige 63 Henrik Sjöman & Johan Slagstedt Clethra - ett släkte med fina kvaliteter för såväl park som trädgård 77 Ewa Zin Białowieża; bränder, barkborrar och miljöaktivister 85 Sten Ridderlöf Några intressanta lignoser i Arboretum Rogów Polen 95 Daniel Daggfeldt VETcert, en certifiering för arbete med skyddsvärda träd. 100 Börje Lind 2017 års stipendiat 102 LUSTGÅRDEN 2018 5 Lustgården 2018 indd 5 2018-11-21 03 29 Lustgården 2018 indd 6 2018-11-21 03 29 Redaktörens rader iksom förra året har tema- för certifiering av specialutbildade arboris- dag och årsbok haft träden i ter. Vår förening reste under våren till Po- centrum. Då var det alléer, i len och två artiklar redogör för två viktiga år är det hamling dvs skör- inslag i denna resa. Slutligen presenteras dande av trädens löv till foder det gångna årets Hermelinstipendiat, som Lför husdjuren och samtidigt formning av genom sin mycket breda kompetens är träden. Då trädkronan reducerades kom synnerligen väl kvalificerad för utmärkel- mera solljus till växterna på marken. Förr sen. var lövtäkten lika viktig som skörden av Börje Lind ängarnas gräs och örter, något som kan- redaktör Lustgården ske hade kunnat komplettera årets bort- torkade höskörd. Att även träd drabbas av sjukdomar framgår av artikeln om två sorters rostsvampar, som har enen som mellanvärd. Glädjande nog har vi också ett par artiklar med historiskt perspektiv på parker. Dels är det den om Gustav III:s stora landskapspark i Haga, dels en historik över parkerna i Nyköping. Däref- ter följer en detaljerad genomgång av alla vedartade blomväxter, som är härdiga i (södra) Sverige. Att utöka växtsortimentet och få en större biodiversitet är viktigt både för att Europa efter senaste istid är relativt artfattigt och för att klimatföränd- ringar kan försämra betingelserna för nu existerande arter - då kan Clethra bli ett välkommet tillskott. Vården av särskilt skyddsvärda träd kräver speciell kompe- tens och därför pågår nu projektet VETcert LUSTGÅRDEN 2018 7 Lustgården 2018 indd 7 2018-11-21 03 29 Lustgården 2018 indd 8 2018-11-21 03 29 Ordföranden har ordet jugohundraarton har varit ett fil dr Ewa Zin som 2016 disputerade vid intensivt år för oss dendrolo- SLU-Alnarp på just Bialowiezaskogen, ger. En sommar med intensiv upplyste om att det nu döende gran- hetta och torka som har plågat beståndet egentligen är en sentida och våra kära träd, samtidigt som i sammanhanget föga naturligt inslag i Tmånga frukter och exoter och inte minst denna skog. Under alla århundraden har bin har trivts i värmen. nämligen tätt återkommande skogsbrän- Det har också varit ett intensivt år för Den- der hejdat granens utbredning, medan de drologiska föreningen, med tre utlandsresor långt mer motståndskraftiga trädarterna och ett tiotal arrangemang i Stockholm, tall och ek påverkats föga av bränderna. Uppland, Sörmland och Skåne. Plus plane- Det var först i slutet av 1800-talet, då ring och arbete med såväl årsboken Lust- människor började bekämpa skogsbränder gården som föreningens 100-årsjubileum i i Białowieża på samma effektiva sätt som i maj 2020. övriga Europa, som granen fick tillfälle att Två års förberedelser resulterade i en breda ut sig och växa till - och drabbas av oförglömlig exkursion till Polen i maj med barkborreangrepp. Granskogens tillväxt rekordmässiga 37 deltagare. Huvudmå- medförde samtidigt att tallen konkurre- let var nationalparken och den Natura rades ut, med resultat att praktiskt taget 2000-skyddade "urskogen" Białowieża på samtliga tallar i Bialowiezaskogen är gränsen till Vitryssland. Där har de se- äldre än cirka 125 år, många mycket äldre, naste åren en infekterad strid utspelat sig nästan utan nytillskott av unga tallplan- mellan miljöaktivister och EU-domstolen tor (se vidare en sammanfattning av Zins å ena sidan och polska myndigheter å den avhandling på annan plats i Lustgården ). andra. På grund av omfattande barkborre- Detta ställer givetvis dagens vaktslående angrepp i det relativt unga granbeståndet kring granarna i Białowieża i en annan vill polska staten avverka döda träd och ta dager än den gängse i massmedierappor- till vara virket. Många miljöaktivister me- teringen. nar istället att de angripna träden bör ligga I Warszawa besökte dendrologerna flera kvar och bidra till biodynamisk mångfald berömda parker - Ujazdowski, Łazienki med allehanda småkryp och organismer. och Skaryzewski - samt Botaniska träd- Saken avgjordes åtminstone tills vidare gården. Vi konstaterade med lättnad strax före dendrologernas besök genom att att många stora träd från 1700-talet och EU-domstolen förbjöd all vidare avverk- dessförinnan hade överlevt andra världs- ning och virkesuttag i Bialowiezaskogen. krigets förödelse. En glad överraskning Under besöket i Białowieża beundrade var att vi blev mottagna och guidade av och njöt dendrologerna av de massiva ordföranden och en annan representant ekarna, tallarna och lindarna som un- från Polens dendrologiska förening. Där- der hundratals år växt ut till gigantiska till inbjöds vi till svenska beskickningen av proportioner under beskydd av furstar, ambassadör Stefan Gullgren, dit också dr kungar och statliga myndigheter åtminsto- Ewa Zin kom och föreläste på nytt kring ne sedan 1300-talet. Däremot förundrades Bialowiezaskogen, vilket ledde till en lång vi över de mängder av döda och halvdöda initierad diskussion dendrologer emellan granar som på många håll dominerade om skogsvård under speciella omständig- skogslandskapet. En av våra handledare, heter. LUSTGÅRDEN 2018 9 Lustgården 2018 indd 9 2018-11-21 03 29 Vår polska final utspelade sig i Rogows (ett av Unescos världsarv), månghundra- arboretum och högskola cirka tio mil väs- åriga olivträd och nästan groteskt bulliga ter om Warszawa, som ibland har kallats drakblodsträd - givna inslag i den s k Polens svar på SLU Alnarp. Där tog den makaronesiska floran. Vi njöt också av den mångårige chefen Piotr Banaszczak emot stora botaniska trädgården, överdådiga oss med en utförlig guidning genom den villaparker och granna orkidéträdgårdar. färgflödande och ytterst varierade träd- Plus lite kulturella inslag, mest impo- samlingen. I Rogow har man också odlat nerande ett spektakulärt modernistiskt fram flera unika arter, trots att centrala museum. En slutsats blev att tämligen små Polen enligt dr Banaszczak egentligen öar i rätt klimat och med rätt geografi kan är "alltför kallt och torrt" för sådan ex- bjuda på hisnande dendrologiska upple- perimentlusta (se vidare Sten Ridderlöfs velser. artikel om Rogow i denna årsbok). Borta bra men hemma bäst. Det talesät- Resan till Berlin i slutet av april var tet stämmer inte alltid för dendrologer vädermässigt perfekt inprickad: medan som mer än gärna far långt bort för att praktiskt taget inga träd i Stockholm beskåda nya skönheter och märkligheter hade börjat grönska var allting i den i växtvärlden. Dock ska det lite närmare tyska huvudstaden helt utslaget
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