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Bees in Urban Landscapes: an Investigation of Habitat Utilization By
Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization By Victoria Agatha Wojcik A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, & Management in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Joe R. McBride, Chair Professor Gregory S. Biging Professor Louise A. Mozingo Fall 2009 Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization © 2009 by Victoria Agatha Wojcik ABSTRACT Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization by Victoria Agatha Wojcik Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, & Management University of California, Berkeley Professor Joe R. McBride, Chair Bees are one of the key groups of anthophilies that make use of the floral resources present within urban landscapes. The ecological patterns of bees in cities are under further investigation in this dissertation work in an effort to build knowledge capacity that can be applied to management and conservation. Seasonal occurrence patterns are common among bees and their floral resources in wildland habitats. To investigate the nature of these phenological interactions in cities, bee visitation to a constructed floral resource base in Berkeley, California was monitored in the first year of garden development. The constructed habitat was used by nearly one-third of the locally known bee species. Bees visiting this urban resource displayed distinct patterns of seasonality paralleling those of wildland bees, with some species exhibiting extended seasons. Differential bee visitation patterns are common between individual floral resources. The effective monitoring of bee populations requires an understanding of this variability. To investigate the patterns and trends in urban resource usage, the foraging of the community of bees visiting Tecoma stans resources in three tropical dry forest cities in Costa Rica was studied. -
Trinity County Resident Named Volunteer of the Year by California Association of Resource Conservation Districts
Winter 2010 Vol. XVIII No. 4 Trinity County Resident Named Volunteer of the Year by California Association of Resource Conservation Districts enneth Baldwin of Trinity County was named KVolunteer of the Year by the California Associ- ation of Resource Conservation Districts (CARCD) during its recent annual meeting. Baldwin, a Registered Professional Forester and a long-time resident of Trinity County, was recognized for generously volunteering his expertise on behalf of numerous conservation projects, including the Weaverville Community Forest. Presenting the award is CARCD president Pat Quist. Baldwin has resided in Trinity County since early 1972. He is a partner in Baldwin, Blomstrom, Wilkinson and Associates, a forestry and environ- mental consulting firm based in Arcata with a sat- ellite office in Trinity County. Among the projects Baldwin has helped with in recent years are devel- opment of the Trinity County Community Wild- fire Protection Plan, and fire management plans for the downriver communities of Salyer, Hawk- ins Bar, Grays Flat and part of Willow Creek. Other projects include the fire management plans for the Grass Valley Creek Watershed and for the communities of Covington Mill, Long Canyon and Lake Forest Estates. Baldwin and Also In This Issue: his associates also shaped the Programmatic Timberland Environmental Impact Report Burn Days & Burn Permits ..................2 for 4800 acres in the Weaver Basin which New Watershed Stewards Member .....3 will reduce costs for forest health and fuels River Day at Coffee Creek ................ 4-5 reduction projects on private lands. Trinity River Revegetation Efforts ... 6-7 Baldwin has provided the District with much CWPP Update .................................... -
California Solar Leader
California solar leader California's Lake County, GE, and SunPower partnered on a multi-site 2.2- megawatt solar power system that-combined with an existing solar power installation-now makes Lake County home to the largest solar power installations on county facilities in California. By Vicky Boyd You could call Lake County ‘the little county that could.' Situated northeast of San Francisco, Lake County is not the most populous county in California, nor is it the richest. But progressive thinking on the part of the board of supervisors and Lake County Sanitation District has allowed the county to become a leader in sustainable resource development and use. In fact, Lake County is now a net energy producer. "The board of supervisors has taken a leadership role of becoming sustainable and becoming energy efficient. They did it prior to a lot of other counties, and we continue to do it," says Denise Rushing, Lake County supervisor representing District 3. "They were very receptive to solar and focused on energy efficiency." As a result, the county now has 3.1 megawatts of solar-generated power, making it the largest solar-energy system on county property in California. But the county probably wouldn't have been able to finance and build such large projects on its own. Rushing credits the SunPower Access Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) as the catalyst. Under that agreement, GE Energy Financial Services financed, and will own, a 2.1 MW project. SunPower Corp. of San Jose designed and built the project and will maintain it for 20 years. -
Fire Vulnerability Assessment for Mendocino County ______
FIRE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR MENDOCINO COUNTY ____________________________________________ _________________________________________ August 2020 Mendocino County Fire Vulnerability Assessment ________________________________________________________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SECTION I- OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................... 6 A. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 6 B. Project Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 6 C. Mendocino County Description and Demographics ................................................................ 7 D. Planning Area Basis .................................................................................................................. 8 SECTION II- COUNTY WILDFIRE ASSESSMENT ............................................................ 9 A. Wildfire Threat ......................................................................................................................... 9 B. Weather/Climate ........................................................................................................................ 9 C. Topography ............................................................................................................................. 10 D. Fuel Hazards .......................................................................................................................... -
State Parks Along California's North Coast Natural Beauty Along the Coast
State Parks Along California's North Coast Natural Beauty Along the Coast California State Parks along the northern California coast offer visitors a chance to enjoy spectacular beauty with rugged beaches and redwood forests. Benbow Lake State Recreation Area (HUMBOLDT COUNTY), located two miles south of Garberville on Highway 101, has more than 600 acres of forest, 32,000 square feet of water, and a half-mile of beach. It's the perfect place for hiking, swimming, fishing, sailing and horseback riding. Occupying a mile of the South Fork of the Eel River, the park has three miles of hiking trails and a campground. Canoes and paddleboats may be available for rent from a concessionaire in the park. During the summer, the park is home to Shakespeare and art festivals. For more information, call (707) 923-3238 or (707) 247-3318. As with all visits to California State Parks, it's always a good idea to call before your visit to check on conditions. Richardson Grove State Park (HUMBOLDT COUNTY), located eight miles south of Garberville on Highway 101, features a forest of towering coast redwoods along the South Fork of the Eel River. The park is one of the oldest state parks. It was acquired in the 1920s and named after the state's 25th governor, Friend W. Richardson. There are developed campsites and a visitor center, built from an old lodge. The park is popular for fishing, with winter runs of silver and king salmon. For more information, call the park at (707) 247-3318. Sinkyone Wilderness State Park (HUMBOLDT and MENDOCNIO COUNTIES)\ Access to the park from the south is 50 miles north of Fort Bragg via Highway 101 and County Road 431 to Usal Beach. -
California's North Coast Fishing Communities Historical
California’s North Coast Fishing Communities Historical Perspective and Recent Trends Caroline Pomeroy, Cynthia J. Thomson, Melissa M. Stevens Published by California Sea Grant College Program Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive #0231 La Jolla CA 92093-0231 (858) 534-4446 www.csgc.ucsd.edu Publication No. T-072 This document was supported in part by the National Sea Grant College Program of the U.S. Department of Commerce’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and produced under NOAA grant number NA10OAR4170060, project number C/P-1 through the California Sea Grant College Program. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of any of those organizations. Sea Grant is a unique partnership of public and private sectors, combining research, education, and outreach for public service. It is a national network of universities meeting changing environmental and economic needs of people in our coastal, ocean, and Great Lakes regions. California’s North Coast Fishing Communities Historical Perspective and Recent Trends Final Report to the California State Coastal Conservancy Award 06–128 August 2010 Caroline Pomeroy1, Cynthia J. Thomson2, Melissa M. Stevens1,2 1 California Sea Grant, University of California, Santa Cruz, Center for Ocean Health, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 2 NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Fisheries Ecology Division, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 CONTENTS Project Summary Regional Profile Crescent City Profile Trinidad Profile Eureka Profile Fort Bragg/Noyo Harbor Profile Appendix A: Acronyms Appendix B: Glossary Appendix C: Methodological Detail Appendix D: Project Team Biographies Project Summary ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We gratefully acknowledge the support and input provided by North Coast fishing community members, including local fishermen, fish buyers, fishery-support business owners and staff, harbor managers and staff and many others. -
Mountains (Eastern Klamath Study), the Northern California Coast Ranges
mountains (Eastern Klamath study), the Northern California Coast Ranges (North Coast study), and the Sierra Nevada section (Southern Sierra study). The majority of the fisher's historical distribution in California (Grinnell et al. 1937) occurred in these 3 ecological sections, with smaller portions found in the Northern California Coastal Section (the coast redwood [Sequoia sempervirens] belt) and the Southern Cascades sections (Figure 1). STUDY AREAS VEGETATION AND CLIMATE When compared to the fisher's entire geographic range, the 3 study areas examined here shared grossly similar climate and vegetation characteristics. Weather patterns across the 3 study areas are typical of California's Mediterranean climate: summers are hot and dry while winters are cool and moist, with precipitation often falling as snow in the higher elevations (Table 1). Natural vegetation communities found on all 3 study areas included montane hardwood forests, mixed conifer forests, true fir forests, and chaparral communities in the lower and drier portions of each study area (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988). Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests made up an important 5 component of both northern California studies, but were absent from the southern Sierra study area. Despite these gross similarities, proximity to the Pacific Ocean and latitude (Figure 2) have resulted in important differences among the areas. The North Coast study area was located within 60 km of the Pacific Ocean and generally received more precipitation than either the Eastern Klamath or Southern Sierra study areas. Habitats tended to become more xeric with increased distance from the Pacific Ocean, resulting in a more diverse array of habitats available to fishers in the eastern section of the North Coast and throughout the Eastern Klamath study areas. -
Pollination in Neotropical Bees
Running title: Buzz-pollination in Neotropical bees Title for authors: C. A. Rosi-Denadai et al. Correspondence: Raul Narciso C. Guedes, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil. Tel: +55 31 3899-4008; e-mail: [email protected] Original article Buzz-pollination in Neotropical bees: Genus-dependent frequencies and lack of optimal frequency for pollen release Conrado Augusto Rosi-Denadai1, Priscila Cássia Souza Araújo1, Lucio Antônio de Oliveira Campos2, Lirio Cosme Jr.1 and Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes1 1Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570- 900, Brazil, 2Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil This is an Accepted Article that has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication in the Insect Science but has yet to undergo copy-editing and proof correction. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12602. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Abstract Over 50 genera of bees release pollen from flower anthers using thoracic vibrations, a phenomenon known as buzz-pollination. The efficiency of this process is directly affected by the mechanical properties of the buzzes, namely the duration, amplitude and frequency. Nonetheless, although the effects of the former two properties are well described, the role of buzz frequency on pollen release remains unclear. Furthermore, nearly all of the existing studies describing vibrational properties of natural buzz-pollination are limited to bumblebees (Bombus) and carpenter bees (Xylocopa) constraining our current understanding of this behavior and its evolution. Therefore, we attempted to minimize this shortcoming by testing whether flower anthers exhibit optimal frequency for pollen release and whether bees tune their buzzes to match these (optimal) frequencies. -
The Pollinators
MAY/JUNE 2019 • VOLUME 70 • NUMBER 5 The Pollinators They form irreplaceable strands in the intricate web of biodiversity and are critical indicators of the health – or decline – of our native habitats. They need our help. • The Audubon Club at San Diego City College Steps Up Big for Pollinators • Silverwood and Anstine-Audubon Are Remarkable Preserves for Pollinators • Three Common Pollinators and the Threats to Their Future San Diego Audubon Puts Down Roots at City College The Audubon Club has transformed thirsty, unfriendly grass and roses into thriving pollinator-friendly native plant gardens by Shari Hatch About three years ago, Professor As a tenured professor, Chaddock teaches several geography classes. Lisa Chaddock viewed the “grass She requires each student to engage in a community service project, and a few trees and roses” behind documented with a poster (including a map), an abstract her classroom at San Diego describing the project, a bibliography, and photos showing their City College and dreamed of volunteer work. Almost 200 volunteers are spread across San Diego transforming it into a paradise for serving our communities. pollinators, primarily butterflies and Chaddock is also the Vice President of San Diego Audubon and hummingbirds. She went to work recruiting enthusiastic students energetically promotes chapter involvement among her college to plant and tend budding native plant gardens in that same plaza students. The City College Audubon Club now boasts 72 student area behind her classroom. She also received a modest grant from members (and counting), with new chapters emerging at San Diego the California Audubon Society, which she used for rewarding two Mesa College and Grossmont College, with hopes of expanding to dedicated interns, who were assisted by students in the fledgling City Southwestern and other community colleges. -
A Checklist of Vascular Plants Endemic to California
Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 3-2020 A Checklist of Vascular Plants Endemic to California James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "A Checklist of Vascular Plants Endemic to California" (2020). Botanical Studies. 42. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/42 This Flora of California is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A LIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS ENDEMIC TO CALIFORNIA Compiled By James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University Arcata, California 13 February 2020 CONTENTS Willis Jepson (1923-1925) recognized that the assemblage of plants that characterized our flora excludes the desert province of southwest California Introduction. 1 and extends beyond its political boundaries to include An Overview. 2 southwestern Oregon, a small portion of western Endemic Genera . 2 Nevada, and the northern portion of Baja California, Almost Endemic Genera . 3 Mexico. This expanded region became known as the California Floristic Province (CFP). Keep in mind that List of Endemic Plants . 4 not all plants endemic to California lie within the CFP Plants Endemic to a Single County or Island 24 and others that are endemic to the CFP are not County and Channel Island Abbreviations . -
BITING, STINGING and VENOMOUS PESTS: INSECTS (For Non-Insects Such As Scorpions and Spiders, See Page 23)
BITING, STINGING AND VENOMOUS PESTS: INSECTS (For non-insects such as scorpions and spiders, see page 23). Bees include a large number of insects that are included in different families under the order Hymenoptera. They are closely related to ants and wasps, and are common and important components of outdoor community environments. Bees have lapping-type mouthparts, which enable them to feed on nectar and pollen from flowers. Most bees are pollinators and are regarded as beneficial, but some are regarded as pests because of their Pollination by honey bees stings, or damage that they cause due to Photo: Padmanand Madhavan Nambiar nesting activities. NOTABLE SPECIES Common name(s): Bee, honey bee Scientific name, classification: Apis spp., Order: Hymenoptera, Family: Apidae. Distribution: Worldwide. The western honey bee A. mellifera is the most common species in North America. Description and ID characters: Adults are medium to large sized insects, less than ¼ to Western honey bee, Apis mellifera slightly over 1 inch in length. Sizes and Photo: Charles J. Sharp appearances vary with the species and the caste. Best identifying features: Robust black or dark brown bodies, covered with dense hair, mouthparts (proboscis) can be seen extending below the head, hind pair of wings are smaller than the front pair, hind legs are stout and equipped to gather pollen, and often have yellow pollen-balls attached to them. Pest status: Non-pest, although some are aggressive and can sting in defense. Damage/injury: Usually none, and are regarded as the most beneficial insects. Swarming colonies near homes and buildings may cause concern, but they often move on. -
Megachilidae) in Northwest California
HOST-PLANT SPECIALIZATION AND NESTING BIOLOGY OF ANTHIDIUM PLACITUM (MEGACHILIDAE) IN NORTHWEST CALIFORNIA By Christopher James Pow A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Biology Committee Membership Dr. Michael R. Mesler, Committee Chair Dr. Victor H. Gonzalez, Committee Member Dr. Erik S. Jules, Committee Member Dr. John O. Reiss, Committee Member Dr. Erik S. Jules, Program Graduate Coordinator May 2019 ABSTRACT HOST-PLANT SPECIALIZATION AND NESTING BIOLOGY OF ANTHIDIUM PLACITUM (MEGACHILIDAE) IN NORTHWEST CALIFORNIA Christopher James Pow • Premise of the study: Although the study of bees and their pollination services has grown immensely in recent years, the natural history of most solitary bee species is still largely unknown. The goal of this study was to contribute to the natural history dossier of a late-season wool carder bee, Anthidium placitum Cresson (Megachilidae), by establishing which plants it uses as sources of nectar and pollen as well as documenting details of its flower-handling behavior, mating behavior, and nesting biology in northwestern California. • Methods: Field observations were made at five sites in Del Norte, Humboldt, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties in California, USA. Pollen use was determined via microscopic examination of samples taken from 244 foraging females and 13 larval provisions. Naturally occurring nests were difficult to find, so I deployed aerial trap nests and created clusters of artificial soil cavities in an effort to obtain nest cells and determine preferred nesting substrate. Light microscopy and SEM were used to identify nest cell trichomes and to check females for specialized clypeal and basitarsal hairs.