TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 1 July- December 2015
Bilingual/Bi-Annual Pashto / English Research Journal Issue No. 14 Volume No. 7 July- December 2015
TAKATOO
ISSN: 2075-5929
Editor : Dr. Javed Iqbal
Department of Pashto, University of Balochistan, Quetta
E-mail: [email protected]
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 2 July- December 2015
Department of Pashto University of Balochistan, Quetta.
Patron in Chief: Prof. Dr. Javeid Iqbal, Vice Chancellor, University of Balochistan, Quetta
Patron : Dr. Faizullah Khan Panezai
Editor : Dr. Javed Iqbal
Co-Editors Abdul Rehman Kakar Dr. Barkat Shah Kakar
Composer: Hafiz Rehmat Niazi
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 3 July- December 2015
International Editorial Board
1. Prof. Dr. Lutz Rzehak, Central Asian Department, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
2. Prof. Dr. Heinz Werner Wessler, Department of Lingustics and Philology, Uppsala University Sweden
3. Prof. Dr. Jonny Cheung, Department of the languages and cultures of the near and Middle East, University of London
4. Dr. Anders Widmark, Faculty Member, Department of Lingustics and Philology, Uppsala University Sweden
5. Dr. James Caron, Faculty Member, South Asia School of Orientel and African Studies, University of London
6. Prof. Dr. Halil Toker, Chairman, Department of Urdu language and literature, Faculty of Letter, University of Istanbul, Turkey
7. Dr. Dawood Azami, Program Manager, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), London
8. Prof. Dr. Zarghona Rishteen, Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, University of Kabul, Afghanistan
9. Prof. Dr. Muhammada Jan Huqpal, Department of Pashto, Faculty of Languages and Literature, University of Kabul, Afghanistan
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 4 July- December 2015
National Editorial Board
1. Prof. Dr. Fazal-ul- Rahim Marwat, Vice Chancellor, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda
2. Prof. Dr. Wiqar Ali Shah, Chairman, Department of History, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad
3. Prof. Dr. Pervaiz Mahjoor Kheshkay, Pakhtunkhwa Study Centre, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda
4. Prof. Dr. Nasrullah Jan Wazir, Director, Pashto Academy University of Peshawar
5. Prof. Dr. Hanif Khalil, Director, National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad
6. Prof. Dr. Khadim Hussain Amir, Managing Director, Bacha Khan Trust Educational Foundation (BKTEF), University Town Peshawar
7. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Jan Abid, Incharge, Department of Pakistani Languages, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
8. Prof. Dr. Badshah.i.Rome (Ali Khel Daryab), Chairman, Department of Pashto and Oriental Languages, University of Malakand
9. Prof. Dr. Noor Muhammad Danish Betanai, Pashto Academy, University of Peshawar
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 5 July- December 2015
Dear authors, co-authors and readers ,
Department of Pashto University of Balochsitan has been regularly publishing the Bi- Lingual Bi-Annual Research Journal TAKATOO since 2009. The Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) has recognized the Research Journal "TAKATOO" in August 2011. The published material in TAKATOO can be utilized for scholastic and academic purposes. Disclaimer: The published material in the journal TAKATOO contains exlusive/independent opinions of the authors. The journal’s agreement to the analysis/opinion of the author is not necessary to be the same.
Subscription Rate: Domestic Rs. 300/- Outside Pakistan US $ 07
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 6 July- December 2015
Guidelines for Contributors
The prime objective of the Research Journal "TAKATOO" is to provide a forum for the scholars engaged in the research of Pashto language and literature. Following are the guidelines for the scholars/researchers contributing articles to the bilingual/bi- annual Pashto research journal TAKATOO. 1. The authors are required to send their research papers both in English and Pashto on the themes pertaining to Pashto language, literature, history, art, culture, linguistic, sufism, anthropology and archeology. 2. The research paper must be typed on A-4 size paper having an abstract in English about 100-150 words. 3. Manuscript should be between 4000- 6000 words (including end notes and references). 4. Quotations from foreign texts must be translated in the body of the paper, and accompanied by the original in the endnotes. 5. The author’s name, e-mail and mailing addresses and institutional affiliation should appear on a separate title page. 6. Two hard coppies and a soft copy of the research paper may please be sent to the Editor. 7. The authors are required to use MLA citation styles.
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 7 July- December 2015
List of contributors :
1. Dr. Fazal-ur-Rahim Marwat Vice Chancellor, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda
2. Dr. Zubair Hasrat Director, Pakhtunkhwa Study Centre, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda
3. Dr. Hanif Khalil Director, National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad
4. Sofia Saleem Ph. D Scholar, National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad
5. Dr. Asal Marjan Lecturer, Pakhtnkhwa Study Centre, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda
6. Jaffar Shah Lecturer, Balochistan Agriculture College, Quetta
7. Syed Hussain Shah Lecturer, Govt. Inter College, Brewery Road Quetta
8. Zainab Akram Lecturer, Department of English, SBK University, Quetta.
9. Hajira Masroor Lecturer, Department of English, Balochistan University of Engineering & Technology, Khuzdar
10. Abdul Rehman Kakar Lecturer, Department of Pashto, UoB, Quetta
11. Dr. Abdul Qadir Khan Asstt Professor, Deptt. of Political Science, UoB, Quetta.
12. Dr. Adil Zaman Kasi Asstt. Professor, Deptt. of Political Science, UoB, Quetta.
13. Syed Amir Shah Lecturer, Deptt. of Political Science, UoB, Quetta
14. Sadiq Zarak Ph.D. Scholar, Pashto Acedemy, University of Peshawar
15. Dr. Javed Iqbal Assistant Professor, Department of Pashto, UoB, Quetta
16. Dr. Danish Betani Assistant Professor, Pashto Academy, University of Peshawar
17. Dr. Sherzaman Seemab Junior Research Officer, Pashto Academy, UoP
18. Dr. Barkat Shah Kakar Lecturer, Department of Pashto, UoB, Quetta
19. Hafiz Rehmat Niazi PhD Scholar, Department of Pashto, UoB, Quetta
20. Dr. Faizullah Khan Chairperson, Department of Pashto, UoB, Quetta
21. Dr. Kalimullah Bariach Professor, Department of History, UoB, Quetta
22. Dr. Usman Tobawal Director, Pakistan Study Centre, UoB, Quetta
23. Dr. Ali khel Daryab Chairman, Department of Pashto, UoM
24. Abdul Hakim Shah PhD Scholar, Pashto Academy, University of Peshawar
25. Dr. Syed Bacha Agha Assistant Professor, Govt. Degree College, Quetta.
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26. Zafarullah Bakhshalai Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Pashto, University of Peshawar
27. Dr. Shista Parveen Lecturer, Pakhtunkhwa Study Centre, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda
28. Dr. Farkhanda Liaqat Associate Professor, Pashto Academy, University of Peshawar
29. Shakir Orakzai Ph.D Scholar, Pashto Academy, University of Peshawar
nt Professor, Department of Pashto, UoMا Norulbasar Aman Assista .30
31. Khan Zaman Kakar MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad 32. Faqir Muhmmad Faqir Lecturer, Islamia College University, Peshawar
33. Farooq Anjum Assistant Professor (Pashto), Department of Pakistani Languages, NUML, Islamabad.
34. Gul Munir Adinzai Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Pashto, University of Peshawar
35. Dr.Altaf Ullah Research Fellow, NIHCR, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-e- Azam University, Islamabad..
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 9 July- December 2015
Contents (English Portion)
S.No Researcher Title Page . Dr. Hanif Khalil Kakaji’s Contribution to 10 1. Sofia Saleem Pashtun Society
Dr.Abdul Qadir Khan 14 2 Syed Amir Shah The Nexus of Religious Dr. Adil Zaman Kasi Extremism and Pakhtun Culture: Myths and Realities
Jaffar Shah Culture, Language and 21 3. Syed Hussain Shah Literature the Inseparable
Entities
Zainab Akram An Analysis of Mottves 28 4 Hajira Masroor Behind Change of Pashto Abdul Rehman Kakar Language Within the Socio- Linguistic Context in Pakistan: A Case Study
Dr.Altaf Ullah Inhuman laws in Frontier 41 5. Crimes Regulation: A Case Study of FATA
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 10 July- December 2015 Kakaji’s Contribution to Pashtun Society
Dr. Hanif Khalil *
Sofia Saleem ♣
Abstract:
This paper explores the significant contributions of Kaka JI Sonobar hussain in Pashtun society. The Pashtun society knows Kakaji Sanobar Hussain as a stalwart celebrity of the 20 th Century. But this is certain that the social and reformist activities crossed the boundaries of Pashtun society and thus through his everlasting and universal contribution, he had made his name as a humanist and international personality. Kakaji contributed a lot to Pashtun society in the field of journalism, literature and politics. Apart from this he was a practical freedom fighter against the British imperialism. If we put a glance on his life and struggle, we will admit and admire that he was a poet, an activist, an out spoken person and politician. This paper throws light on his life and services in Pashtun Society.
Kaka JI born in 1897, in a small village named as Kaga Wala. It is located in 8 kilometers in the south of Peshawar on the main Kohat road near Badaber. He was a student of Islamia College Peshawar and after the completion of his studies he came in the profession of teaching. Soon he realized that he was not made for this purpose. He wanted to bring the people from the slavery of the British government. Therefore, he left his profession and initiated his political activities. He has to face many difficulties but he remained constant on his goal. His active participation gave a new spirit and optimism to the people of his region" )1( . Kaka JI participated in the politics of NWFP in 1920. Hanif Khalil wrote in his own book that for his six years he become a keen observer of the political ups and downs of Sub-continent. Especially NWFP in 1926 he started an organization named Anjuman-e-Zamindaran. The goal of this organization was to face the British and to examine the problems of Tapa Khlil and Mahmud’s people. They also demanded that educational situation of the area should be made better. Due to this organization kaka Ji become famous as a political figure. After the establishment of Zamindaran in 1924 Kaka JI initiated another Organization named as Jamiat
* Director, National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad ♣ Ph. D Scholar, National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 11 July- December 2015
Nojawan which was later on transferred in to Nojawan Bharat Sabah and become a very famous platform for all the well known persons of India"(2). This was the time period when an open agitation was started against the British Government. As mentioned above Simon Commission came in 1929 in India to assess the Indian constitutional development. Kaka Ji Sonober Hussain had also met with the commission and presented their suggestions but made their own recommendation. So the commission could not reach any ultimate decision and went back. Kaka Ji was also against the Gandhi’s view of non violence. He has his opinion that we should fought against the British with the weapons and show them our powers of being Pakhtuns, otherwise the English would never give us freedom. Kaka Ji always condemned the non violence policy and openly commented that non violence might be good for the Hindus but it is not good for the Muslims. He was very much against the non-violence Movement of Abdul Ghaffar. During one of his speech he said that although he was agree with Ghafar Khan‘s view that the British should leave India as soon as possible. But he was not agreeing with the policy of non violence, Kaka JI said it is against the nature of Pakhtun society. He believed if Pakhtun would adopt non violence policy it would boost up the morale of British government"(3). A major difference between the Khudai Khidmatgar and Kaka Ji Sonober Husain was he was not ready to compromise at any cost he was a strict man and can never bent in front of British. While the Khudai Khidmatgars have different stance. Qissa Khawani Bazar massacre is an example of bending the Khudai Khidmagars in front of British. Deepest study, widest observation and longest experience made the man perfect. Kaka Ji had these three qualities. He was not a confused personality. Therefore, he never steps back to his mission. Due to his open speaking abilities he was disliked by the British government. He was first arrested in 1930 and sent to jail. He was arrested due to his radical political ideas in 1930. He was released in 1931 from D-I-Khan"(4). He was sent to jail several times but he did not lose heart. When he got rid of the bars, he came as a change man in his thoughts. So he laid more emphasis on political organization. After coming back from jail he becomes more violent and practical. He started his own newspaper “SILAB”. It brought flood in actual sense in the sustain politics of the British hegemonic powerful entity. But it could not run for so long time because of the British agitation. To stop his activities Government issued warrant for his arrest and kept banned on his publications. This time he was alleged severe blames"(5). He was advised by his friends to leave the present place now and should go to peaceful region Kaka JI agreed with the advice and left his hometown for tribal areas. Kaka JI left the area and went to Bajor. There he met with Haji Sahib of Turang Zai. He was also a radical person who was already there and working against the imperialism. He joined hands with Haji Sahib and work with him for 18
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 12 July- December 2015 years until partition. During this whole time period he remained in touch with Haji Sahib of Turang Zai. After the death of Haji Sahib, Kaka JI had crises with sons of Haji Sahib so he left Ghazi Abad for Utman Khail. After partition he came back to his home town and again started the publication of Pashto Magazine name as “ASLAM”. He also initiated Olasi Adabi Jirga. It was a well known organization and contributed a lot in the development of Pashto literature. The charismatic personality of kaka ji attracted the poets and other scholers in organization"(6). Kaka JI was also a fearless man like Faqir of Ipi. He was a well known poet, journalist and a politician he spent his life in fighting against the British government. He fought for freedom and struggled for the liberation of the region and country. He was true Muslim and never believes in any of the discrimination. He has spent his whole life in serving the humanity. But along with all that he promoted Pashto literature too"(7). He was a writer, a politician, a poet, a revolutionist and a man of principles. He wrote on political and social problems rooted in the society. He was a unique intelligent man who has different aspects in his personality. He was a great nationalist and a true patriotic poet. He wrote in Pashto language. He was also a fearless man, a devoted politician, and a brave journalist of India. He worked hard during the freedom struggle in the Asian region at NWFP. He spent his life to oust the British from the region. He adopted his own way. He used to write such type of poetry which motivated the people for freedom cause. One of the examples of his poetry is given under"(8). (A selected Poem of Kaka JI)
ﺗــــــــﻮرو ﺳــــــــﺘﺮ-ﻮ ﮐ+ــــــــ3 دې ﺳــــــــﭙﻴﻦ ﻣــــــــﺦ را*ــــــــﮑﺎره ﺧﻠﻘـــــــــﻮ ﻧـــــــــﻮم ﺑور ﺎﻧـــــــــﺪې ﺷـــــــــ ﻤﺲ وﻗﻤـــــــــﺮ 5ﮐ +ـــــــــﻮد ﭼـــــﯽ ﺑـــــﻪ ﻳـــــ3 ﺳـــــﺘﺎ د ﻟ ﻴـــــ ﺪو ﺗـــــﻮان ﻧـــــ ᄁ ؤ ﭘـــــﻪ زړو ﮐ+ـــــ3 دې ﺧﻮاراﻧــــــــــﻮ ﭘــــــــــﻪ ﺗــــــــــﺎ ﻧــــــــــﻮم د دﻟﺒــــــــــﺮ 5ﮐ +ــــــــــﻮد دﻏــــــــﻪ ﺳــــــــﺘﺎ د ﻴﻣ ﻨــــــــ3 ﺳــــــــﺎز ﭘــــــــ ﻪ ﻛ+ــــــــ3 ﻏ8 ﻳــــــــ8ي -ﻨـــــــ 3 ﻧـــــــﻮر ﭼـــــــﺎ ﭘــــــــﻪ ﻏـــــــﺰل ﮐ+ـــــــ 3 ﻫﻨـــــــﺮ 5ﮐ +ــــــــﻮد ﭼـــــــﯽ ﻳـــــــ3 ﭼـــــــﺮې ﺳـــــــﺮ ﺧـــــــﺰان وﺗـــــــﻪ ! ﻴـــــــ ﻧـــــــ ᄁ ﺷـــــــﻮ ﭘــــــــﻪ ر*ــــــــﺘ ﺎﻴ ﭘــــــــﺮې ادې ﻧــــــــﻮم 請ــــــــﻨﻮﺑﺮ 5ﮐ +ــــــــﻮد "(9 ).
On the emergence of Pakistan in 1947, he came back to his home after a long journey"(10). He started his magazine again but now with the different name of ASLAM which was a standardized Pashto magazine. He also laid down the foundation of “Olasi Adabi Jirga” for the promotion of Pashto language and literature. He was a revolutionary person. He died in 1963 and was buried in his own village.
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References :
(1) Idrees Sonober(2013, 11 April Thursday). An introduction to Sanobar Khan Sanober,. Retrieved on May 1, 2013, from http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/: http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/2013/04/an-introduction-to-sanobar-khan- sanober.html (2) Zar Ali Khan(2009, July 28). Kaka ji Sanober Hussain a Revolutionary Politician. Zar Ali Khan Journal . (3) Ibid (4) Hanif Khail, (2006) Kaka Ji Sonober Hussain, Shakhsiat Aur Fun Academy of Letters Islamabad Pakistan p.22 (5) Ibid. (6) Zar Ali Khan (2009, July 28) Kaka Ji Sanober Hussain a Revolutionary Politician Zar Ali Khan Journal (7) Idrees Sonober (2013, 11 April Thursday). An introduction to Sanobar Khan Sanober,. Retrieved on May 1, 2013, from http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/: http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/2013/04/an-introduction-to-sanobar-khan- sanober.html (8) An Introduction to Sanobar Khan Sanober. (2013, April 11). Retrieved on April 26, 2013, from http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/2013/04/an- introduction-to-sanobar-khan-sanober.html by idrees sonober. (9) Ibid. (10) Ibid p.31
Bibliography:
1. Khan, Zar Ali (2009, July 28). Kaka ji Sanober Hussain a Revolutionary Politician. Zar Ali Khan Journal 2. Khalil, Hanif (2006). Kaka Ji Sonober Husain,Shakhsiat Aur Fun Islamabad:Acadamy Adbiat:Islamabad.Pakistan. 3. Sonober, Idrees (2013, 11 April Thursday). An introduction to Sanobar Khan Sanober,Retrieved on May 1, 2013, from http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/: http://sanobarids.blogspot.com/2013/04/an-introduction-to-sanobar-khan- sanober.html
TAKATOO Issue 14 Volume 7 14 July- December 2015
The Nexus of Religious Extremism and Pakhtun Culture: Myths and Realities