Annual Report 2019-20

Home , Ajoy Ghatak, Balasubramanian Sundaram, Deepak Gaur, Gyan Chandra Mishra, Kota Harinarayana, Meghnad Saha

The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI)

Annual Report (2019–20)

5, Lajpatrai Road, Prayagraj-211002, India

Caption for Cover Page: Bharat Ratna Prof. C N R Rao receiving Prof. M.G.K Menon Memorial Award

The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI)

Annual Report (2019–20)

Established: 1930 The oldest Science Academy of India; Recognised by the DST, GoI as Professional Body; and by the DSIR, GoI as the SIRO

iii

Published by: The General Secretary (HQ), NASI for The National Academy of Sciences, India

Designed and edited by: Ms. Archna Pant with the support of Ms. Rashmi Mishra

Year of Publication: 2020

For further information, please contact: The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI) 5, Lajpatrai Road, Prayagraj-211002, India

Phone: +91 (0532) 2640224, 2441243 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nasi.nic.in, www.nasi.org.in

NASI is also on Facebook & Twitter

“An Academy of Science can do a great deal by educating public opinion, undertaking particular problems, and bringing out scientific workers in various fields for discussion and cooperative research. But the main function of the Academy should be towards cultural improvement by contributions to human knowledge”. - Prof. Meghnad Saha on the Inaugural Session of the Academy

India is justified in feeling proud for its unique contributions to science in ancient days. However, successive foreign invasions and alien rule for centuries pushed science in the background and the country went through with what may be described as the Dark Age for science. Western science attracted Indian intelligentsia after the establishment of the western system of education and the universities; and despite many constraints, the country could produce giants like Prof. Meghnad Saha, Prof. S. N. Bose, Sir J.C. Bose and Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray.

The First World War and the worldwide economic depression caused a setback to scientific research globally much more so in India whose scientists found it difficult even to publish their research works since they had to be almost entirely dependent on foreign journals. The post-World War India saw the rise of the freedom movement, which incidentally drew attention to the numerous problems of the Indian populace like poverty, hunger, diseases, recurrent floods, droughts, famines etc. Patriotic scientists felt deeply concerned with these.

It was in this background that the idea of establishing a forum for scientists, which would help them in publishing their researches and bring them together to discuss and find scientific solutions to the problems of the country, was mooted by Prof. Meghnad Saha, a great scientist, patriot and the then Professor of Physics at the University of Allahabad in 1929. His views were published in the article entitled 'A Plea for an Academy of Sciences' in December 1929 issue of the University of Allahabad magazine.

The National Academy of Sciences, India was thus established as the first Science Academy of this country in 1930.

NASI Visions: The cultivation and promotion of Science & Technology in all its branches

organizing meetings and holding discussions on scientific and recognition of scientific promoting scientific and technological and social achievements technological problems by electing Fellows, research/projects for Members, awarding societal welfare Chairs, research support and promoting excellence

securing endowments for the promotion of popularization of science science and technology among the students and communities

Vision & Mission undertaking scientific opening Chapters of the works of public Academy in the country importance as may be called upon to perform

promoting scientific collaborating with other excellence in research by Academies in India and to giving due appoint representatives of recognition/awards to the Academy scientists/researchers publication of proceedings, journals, memoirs, books maintaining a Library and other works as considered desirable

Prof. G Padmanaban President-NASI, Prayagraj

Foreword

The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI) has been sincerely and diligently working on the vision of its Founder Professor Meghnad Saha to take Science to the Society, not only to build the scientific temper in the country, but also to find strategies to find solutions to societal problems through modern infrastructure. A galaxy of Presidents and the Council of NASI have taken these messages forward with support from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.

As has been the tradition, several important issues were discussed during the year. The Science academies gathered the views of its fellowship and after detailed deliberations on pros and cons of the critical and multidimensional issues of national importance, proposed strategies for implementation.

On the subject of a Comprehensive National Policy on Ethics, the NASI's view was clear that to ensure a high standard in behavioral ethics, proper training must be imparted from the school stage and the academies be involved in the monitoring process of academic ethics in the institutions. Another debate was initiated by the government on the New Education Policy (NEP). Prof. K. Kasturirangan, Former Chairman of Space Commission of India and Past President, NASI, was the Chairman of the draft committee on NEP. His wide experience and vast knowledge reflected in the scientific and systematic analysis of the whole issue of the education system. NASI expressed its views on being a part of transforming India into a knowledge economy with the help of its large base of esteemed fellowship spread all across the country. The Academy could play a vital role in establishing, shaping the National Research

vii

Foundation or in setting up the National Higher Education Regulatory Council. Another important issue taken up by all three academies was a National Framework for Publication and Access to Literature in Science and Technology in India. The outcome of deliberations has been published in the current science journal and further debate is underway.

The Academy organized the anniversary celebrations of 'Ba and Bapu' and Prof. Meghnad Saha. Several lectures were delivered in the memory of these three great visionaries, which gave an opportunity to revisit the problems of our country. While Saha wanted to use technology to eliminate the root cause of mass poverty, ‘Ba and Bapu’ lived by example the tenets of truth, simple living and high thinking. It also became clear that Ba was as much part of the freedom struggle as Bapu and was a mother to the entire country. Bharatratna Professor C N R Rao received the Professor M G K Menon Memorial Award.

The recent pandemic COVID-19 has clearly brought out the ‘helplessness’ of all our technological progress to fight nature in the form of a tiny virus and has reminded us of our tradition and ‘Samskriti’. The new name is ‘Social Distancing’! The three science academies jointly issued the statement on Covid-19 with the pledge that they would actively cooperate and strengthen the hand of government to successfully overcome the current Novel Corona virus crisis. Several fellows and members of the Academy investigated the viral genome and wrote technically sound scientific articles in response to the appeal of the academies. A long term approach is necessary to build indigenous infrastructure to study and understand the disease and find new drugs and vaccines. A massive effort is going in this direction.

The Academy continued its activities, despite the pandemic, through virtual platforms. There is hope for a better future for the country and the globe ( ) through Science and public health measures.

Wishing you all a bright, safe and healthy life.

G. Padmanaban President, NASI

viii

CONTENTS Page Nos.

1. Executive Summary………………………………………………………………………… 1 2. Activities 5 2.1 Activities related to Scientific Awareness 2.1.1 NASI JNU Conclave……………………………………. …………………………….. 6 2.1.2 Science Communication Activities ……………………………………………………. 8 2.1.3 Concluding Session of 150th Birth Anniversary of „Ba & Bapu‟ and 125th Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha…………...... 19 2.1.4 89th Annual Session and Symposium on „Science, Technology and Ecosystem for Sustainable Rural Development‟.………………………………...... 28 2.1.5 Mega Event for Tribal Welfare………………………………………………………….. 36

2.2. Activities related to Scientific Research 2.2.1 Scientific/Research Contributions of NASI Chairs A) A brief report on the Scientific/Research Contributions of M.N. Saha Distinguished Professor ………………………………………………………………….. 41 B) A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of NASI-ICMR Chair on Public Health Research………………………………………………………………. 46 C) A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of NASI-DST Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair Professor……………………………. 48 D) A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of NASI- JC Bose Distinguished Chair Professor……………………………………………………………. 50 2.2.2 Scientific/Research Contributions of NASI Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellows 53 2.2.3 Scientific/Research Contributions of NASI Honorary Scientists 95

3. Publications of the Academy...... 110 4. Memorial Lecture Awards...... 113 5. NASI Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellowships………………...... 114 6. Recognitions/Awards (A) NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Awardees…………………………………. 115 (B) NASI-Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Awardees…………………………………….. 115 (C) NASI-SCOPUS Awardees………………………...……………………………………. 117 (D) NASI-Swarna Jayanti Puraskar/ NASI-Springer Awardees……………………………. 117

7. Fellowship and Membership………………………………………………………………… 118 8. Obituary………………………………………………………………………………………. 118 9. Council 2019 & 2020………………………………………………………………………….. 119 10. Meetings…………………………………………………………………………………...... 122 11. Organizational Chart……………………………………………………………………...... 123 12. Finance……………………………………………………………………………………….. 124 13. Chapters of the Academy…………………………………………………………………… 125 14. Building & Dr. Sir Padampat Singhania Library………………………………...... 150 15. Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………….. 151 16. Annexures I. Activities/ Projects under Scheduled Tribes Welfare Project of NASI……………………… 152 II. Fellows and Foreign Fellows elected during 2019…………………………………………… 157 III. Members admitted during 2019……………………………………………………………… 162 IV. Audited Statement of Accounts for the Year Ending March 2020…………………………… 165

1. Executive Summary

Major Accomplishments

The mandate of the Academy is Science and Society as coined by its founder Prof. Meghnad Saha, a great scientist, visionary and the then Professor of Physics at the University of Allahabad. The Academy (NASI) organized various activities under the Presidentship of Professor G. Padmanaban, Former Director, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, during the year 2019-20. The Past Presidents, namely Professor M.S. Swaminathan, Professor (Mrs.) Manju Sharma, Professor S.K. Joshi, Professor Ashok Misra, Professor Asis Datta, Dr. V. P. Kamboj, Professor J.P. Mittal, Dr. K. Kasturirangan, Professor Akhilesh K. Tyagi and Professor Anil Kakodkar also took keen interest in the dissemination of science in general and the development of the Academy, in particular. The noteworthy accomplishments undertaken with the kind cooperation of its Fellows and Members, and major (financial) support of the DST, New Delhi, during the year of report are as follows:

Publications

NASI published the Proceedings of NASI, Sec. A & B, each in IV parts and National Academy Science Letters in VI parts, in collaboration with the Springer Nature.

 National Academy Science Letters received 2018 Impact Factor (IF) as 0.331 in 2019 from Thomson Reuters; about 525 papers were received from 30 countries.  The Proceedings PNASI, Sec. A received 2018 Impact Factor (IF) as 0.681 in 2019 from Thomson Reuters; and about 385 papers were received from 25 countries.  The Proceedings PNASI, Sec. B received Cite Score as 0.62 in 2019 from Scopus; and about 425 papers were received from 37 countries.  Two special publications were released on Oct 5, 2019 at New Delhi on the occasion of the Closing Ceremony of the Anniversary Celebrations of ‘Ba & Bapu’ and Prof. Meghnad Saha. These comprised proceedings/lectures delivered (on the works and contribution of these great legendry personalities and their impact on the society) by the distinguished scientists from all across the country.  The publication of the Special Issue on „Mathematical Biology‟ and a specific book on „Vector Biology and Control‟ is under process.

Science Communication Activities

 The main activities included Children Science Meet, Summer & Winter Schools, Teachers‟ Training Workshops, Scientific Writing Contest, Vigyan, Jal & Health Chaupals, Seminars, and celebration of the National Technology Day, the National Science Day, the National Constitution Day, the National Mathematics Day and the World Environment Day etc. The Academy also encouraged the teachers for out-of- the-class science activities by recognizing their talent and giving away NASI-Science Teacher Awards to them.  NASI‟s 21 Chapters spread across India, organized hundreds of science communication activities in and around their respective regions throughout the year. More than 50,000 students and teachers benefitted from these activities.

 A series of workshops on Scientific Paper Writing are being organized by the Academy since 2012 to train the young researchers in the art and ethics of scientific writing. So far, 16 such workshops have been organized at BHU, Varanasi; SGPGI, Lucknow; NASI HQs, Allahabad; Udaipur; Mumbai; Dehradun; Pune, Amrawati, Nainital, Rishikesh, and Haryana, out of which 2 events were organized during the year 2019-20 at Lucknow and Mahendragarh.

Activities under Scheduled Tribe Sub-Plan Programme

An innovative programme was launched under this head during the year 2017-18, under Prof. Manju Sharma, Chairperson, NASI-New Initiatives, for improving the socio-economic status of the Scheduled Tribes of about 21 regions of the country. The programme is aimed towards-

 Bioeconomy for the Scheduled Tribes: Emphasis has been given on Bioresources and biodiversity development, conservation and utilization, as well as on Value addition.  S&T Interventions: For ensuring Safe Water and Sanitation, eradicating Malnutrition, Malaria and other communicable diseases, etc.  Data accumulation, analysis and utilization: Especially on the vast knowledge bank of ethnic medical practices and ethos; and also, the widespread biodiversity of the tribal areas. S&T Entrepreneurship development

 Training programmes for entrepreneurs – to inculcate the spirit of entrepreneurship in the youth and in line with the National Mission Programmes of Skill Development and Start Up India, NASI organised programmes with „Hands-on training‟ at Lucknow and Mahendragarh this year. Several young, potential candidates interested in entrepreneurship were benefited from these programmes.  Awareness and Training – on Nutrition, Safe drinking water, Health & hygiene etc. A mixed participation of rural and urban population was ensured. This was included in the spirit of Swasth Bharat Mission of Govt. of India.  Safe drinking water and pollution abatement – especially for the rural areas and municipal workers. This was included in the spirit of Swachh Bharat Mission. A Brainstorming on „Safe Water & Sanitation‟ (5th session of the series) was organised at MPCOST Bhopal in September, 2019; a large number of scientists, municipal workers, researchers and others attended the brainstorming sessions.

Sensitization Programmes for Women Researchers/Scientists

The Academy organized 32 workshops on Technological Empowerment of Women in different parts of the country during the last 7 years. More than 50,000 women scientists/researchers were sensitized under this programme. A Mega Event on Technological Empowerment of Women was held on March 8-9, 2018 at Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi to commemorate the International Women‟s Day with Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Hon‟ble Minister for Science & Technology, Govt. of India, as the Chief Guest; and thousands of women scientists, teachers and researchers from all across the country.

The event was addressed by world famous scientists as Prof. Anil Kakodkar, Prof. M. S. Swaminathan, father of Green Revolution in India, Prof. K. VijayRaghavan, Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, Prof. Manju Sharma, Former Secretary to the Govt. of India, Dr. Renu Swarup, Secretary to the Govt. of India, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Balram Bhargava, Secretary to the Govt. of India, Department of Health & Family Welfare, six foreign scientists from different countries and several others. The Proceedings of the Mega-event including significant recommendation has also been published and sent to the concerned departments. Recently, other workshops with more than 350 women scientists were organized at NASI HQ (Prayagraj), Lucknow (U.P.), Mount Abu (Rajasthan) and Mahendragarh (Haryana).

Science Education Programmes in joint collaboration with National Science Academies

NASI, together with other two Science Academies, viz. Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi and Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore jointly sponsors the Summer/Winter Research Fellowship under the joint Science Education Panel to provide opportunities to bright UG and PG students and teachers to usefully spend their summer/winter vacations.

Annual Session/Symposia/Seminars & Scientific Discussions

The Academy organizes an Annual Session and a Symposium every year to sensitize the PG students, researchers and young scientists from all over the country. This year the Academy organized its 89th Annual Session and a Symposium on Science and Technology based Entrepreneurship Development at NAARM, Hyderabad. More than 600 researchers and scientists participated in each of these events. Other seminars/symposia were also organised by NASI HQ as well its local Chapters all over the country, as the Birth Centenary Celebration of Prof. Vikram A. Sarabhai at IISc., Bangalore on November 16, 2019, attended by Dr. K Sivan, Chairman, Space Commission, India; and 4 Former Chairmen of the Space Commission, as well as several other distinguished scientists.

Fellowship / Membership

To recognize the outstanding scientific contributions of the scientists, the Academy awards every year the prestigious Fellowship/Membership to some of them. More than 100 scientists working in different areas of Science & Technology were selected from all across the country in the year 2019. It also awarded a few Foreign Fellowships to the scientists who are working in different countries and have collaborated with the scientists from India.

Recognition and Awards

The following awards were given in the year 2019:

 NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Awards for Application Oriented Innovations covering both Physical and Biological Sciences to 6 distinguished scientists;  NASI-Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Awards to about 15 young scientists/researchers in the fields of Biological/Physical/ Chemical Sciences;  13th NASI Scopus Awards to 6 young scientists/researchers;  NASI-Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellowships;  Professor M. G. K. Menon Memorial Award (2019) was given to Hon‟ble Prof. CNR Rao at IISc., Bangalore on November 15, 2019; 3

 NASI – Swarna Jayanti Puruskars for Best Paper Presentation to 4 young scientists/researchers in the 89th Annual Session;  NASI – Springer Awards for Best Paper Presentation to 2 young scientists/researchers, in the 89th Annual Session (started in 2015 in collaboration with the Springer India Pvt. Ltd.);  Memorial Lecture Awards to about 15 eminent scientists;  NASI – Science and Maths Teacher Awards to the teachers (by NASI HQ and the Local Chapters).

Singhania Library Library services were enriched through digitization of the library and subscribing for more books/journals. The library is connected to National Knowledge Network (NKN). Internet facility is also being provided to the students and research scholars, free of cost.

River Galleries  Following the establishment of the Ganga Gallery in the year 2011 at NASI Headquarters, Prayagraj, the Academy established another river gallery on Brahmaputra River in Guwahati, Assam in 2015, which is now being handed over to the Govt. of Assam; however, it will remain as the joint property of NASI and Assam Govt.  The work on the third river gallery on River Cauvery has also been completed at Mysuru, Karnataka with major support from the Government of Karnataka.

Activities during the lockdown period (March 2020) The Academy organized few Webinars focused on COVID-19 and the related aspects during the lockdown period in the month of March, 2020 in joint collaboration with other institutions; and also joined hands with other two Science Academies to work in the spirit of solidarity and support the efforts of the government to fight the pandemic.

2. Activities

Science Awareness and Training Programmes organized by NASI

2.1. Activities related to Scientific Awareness

2.1.1. NASI-JNU Health Conclave organized at JNU, Jaipur

Theme: Dialogue between Health Science Experts towards a Roadmap for health research, prevention and control of major diseases in Rajasthan

A Health Conclave was jointly organized by the NASI HQ, its Jaipur Chapter and Jaipur National University (JNU), Jaipur by initiating a dialogue between Health Science experts towards a „Road-Map for Health Research, Prevention and Control of major diseases in Rajasthan‟, on April 18, 2019 at Jaipur National University to mark the celebrations of the 150th Birth Anniversary of „Ba & Bapu‟. The programme was developed by Prof. H N Verma, Hon‟ble Vice-Chancellor, under the guidance and coordinatorship of Prof. Manju Sharma, Chairman, NASI New Initiatives; and Former Secretary to the Govt. of India. Several health experts and dignitaries of national and international repute along with more than 200 university and medical college students, actively participated in this event. The Welcome Address was delivered by Dr. Sandeep Bakshi, the Chancellor and Prof. H N Verma, the Vice-Chancellor of the university followed by the Thematic Introduction by Prof. (Mrs.) Manju Sharma who emphasized on evolving an ecosystem of health infrastructure linked with health research and clinical trials to develop some concrete action plan for improving the health status of the people of Rajasthan. There were 10 more special addresses by eminent experts from different parts of India. Presentations from JNU Medical College and RUHS Medical College gave a flavor of studies being undertaken at the community level on important aspects like mother and child health, technology access to improve adherence, induce life style changes, utilization of various interventions etc. The experts focused on the following:  Need for cutting edge Basic Research in some identified areas like cell based therapies, genomic applications.  Application oriented research with focus on public health interventions.  Use of available technologies on large scale to be harnessed for the welfare of the people.  The Dialogue must culminate into an Action Plan or a Roadmap for implementation. A committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. V M Katoch comprising two Principals of Medical Colleges, Dr. Lohiya with Prof. H N Verma as the Coordinator/ Convenor, was constituted to prepare the roadmap for a period of three years based on the inputs provided by Prof.(Mrs.) Manju Sharma. Highlights of invited talks by the experts: Dr. A L Khandare (Flurosis): Mentioned about National Programme for prevention and control of fluorosis launched in 2008-09 in Rajasthan; ICMR Task Force Project in 7 centres including AIIMS, Jodhpur. Action point for NASI: To organize a brainstorming meeting on impact of current initiatives and plan small intervention projects.

Dr. Chandrima Shaha (Cell-based therapies): Presented the status of different cell based therapies (mesenchymal stromal/ stem cell dendritic cells etc.) in various diseases. Action point for NASI: To organize a workshop along with RUHS. Dr. G S Toteja: Talked about small network projects on complementary feeding, silicosis, fluorosis, NCDs, LBW, health systems, impact of high institutional delivery on IMR and MMR, air pollution. Action point for NASI: To organize workshops to support the development of these projects. Dr. Jaswant Goyal: Elaborated on Artificial Intelligence as an extension of current working, tools, whatApp/ simple strategies to change the health outcomes. Action points for NASI: To organize awareness workshops to support development of such projects in different settings of Rajasthan. Dr. J N Pande: Highlighted different risk factors for morbidity and mortality, air pollution, COPD and asthma major issues for Rajasthan. Different low cost interventions to reduce air pollution, to get safe water etc. suggested. Action points for NASI: To run brainstorming sessions for development of projects with novel interventions. Dr. Lalit Kumar: Portrayed statistics on cancers prevalent in India with focus on Tobacco (in the form of gutka/pan-masala/cigarette/ bidi etc.), one of the major causes of cancer prevalence in the state. He cited Bikaner and other districts as the cancer prone districts due to tobacco menace (as addiction) and suggested to prevent cancer by controlling diet, improving life style, quitting of smoking, controlling infections etc. Action points for NASI: To organize debates/ dialogues for deciding a way forward to control the disease in Rajasthan. Dr. Padma Srivastava: Elucidated on Stroke, the second biggest killer after IHD, levels of care and barriers citing the examples/cases of Himachal Pradesh. Action Points for NASI: To support/ organize brainstorming session for review of situation in India and the way forward. Dr. Pramod Garg: Addressed on „Enabling Ecosystem for Research in Biomedical Sciences with special focus on GI Diseases in Rajasthan‟ analyzed the causes of gastrointestinal diseases in the state with an emphasis on disease etiology. He expressed his views on „alcoholism‟ which has now become a menace to the society. Action points for NASI: To organize brainstorming sessions/ workshops. Dr. Ravikant: Talked about the status and opportunities of using genetic / genomic methods to classify, prognosticate, response/ resistance, medical/ surgical interventions in different types of cancers. Action Points for NASI: To organize workshops to identify barriers and priorities for improving the patient care in Rajasthan. Dr. Sanjeev Sinha: Tips on the management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) which is the highest in Rajasthan, the different types of inhalers, medicines etc. to give relief to the chronic patients; and role of nursing staff/paramedical professionals in providing care to such patients. Action points for NASI: To support brainstorming sessions to decide strategies for action and research. Dr. V M Katoch (Ba and Bapu Lecture): Definition of health emanated from Gandhi ji‟s teachings and Bhore Committee much before Alma Ata declaration. Improving health standards and indices in Rajasthan, wide gap in research, lack of access to services, empowerment of people for life style changes in line with responsibility of individuals to remain healthy. Action points for NASI: To support/partner workshops/ seminars on these aspects.

Special Session/ Panel discussion by faculty of RUHS, Medical College & other eminent experts from state: The session presented the gist of various studies being undertaken by these institutions with focus on life style changes, mother and child health, nutritional and other supplementations, relevant technologies to improve utilization of services and interventions etc. (Highlights: Health systems be improved for possible access to services with focus on marginalized sections of society; utilization of Ayushman Bharat and other schemes; use of tools like mobiles, artificial intelligence to improve the access and enablement of policy makers, providers and users of healthcare services.)

2.1.2. Science Communication Activities

 World Earth Day The World Earth Day was celebrated in joint collaboration with the Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, ISCA and NASI HQ on April 22, 2019 at Department of Botany, University of Allahabad. Prof. D K Chauhan, Head, Department of Botany was the Coordinator of the programme. Around 200 students, research scholars and faculties from various streams of Science actively participated in the event. (Highlights: The experts focused on the need to protect environment.)

 National Technology Day The National Technology Day (NTD) was organized by NASI HQ on May 11, 2019; the theme for the year was „Clean and Green Technology‟. The distinguished speakers including Prof. S L Srivastava and Prof. U C Srivastava, the Coordinators of Science Communication Programme of NASI, delivered lectures on different aspects of „Importance of NTD‟ and „Development of Technology in India‟. Prof. Krishna Misra, Former General Secretary, NASI, addressed on „Indigenous Green Technologies‟. Other Local Chapters of NASI also observed this day by holding different programmes/ activities in their respective regions with participation of several Fellows and Members of NASI. (Highlights: More than 200 participants attended the event. Students were enlightened regarding the use of various technologies for skill enhancement.)

 Physics Workshop at Kanpur A six-day workshop for enthusiastic school teachers from all over the country was organized on June 1-6, 2019 in Kanpur. Prof. H C Verma, Former Professor, IIT, Kanpur was the Coordinator of the programme. The teachers were provided training to avail the in-depth knowledge about certain concepts of Physics as well as the teaching methodology, with hands-on training and making low cost experiments. (Highlights: About 80 teachers joined the workshop to make the 10+2 students learn about 150 low cost experiments.)

 World Environment Day NASI celebrated the World Environment Day on June 5, 2019. Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary, NASI HQ was the Coordinator of the programme. The keynote speakers included Prof. Anil K Bhatnagar, Fomer Vice-Chancellor, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, Prof. Krishna Misra, Former General Secretary, NASI and Prof. Ravindra Dhar, Centre of Material Science, University of Allahabad.

While elucidating the significance and purpose of the programme, Prof. Krishna Misra stressed on the emerging environmental issues like waste disposal, deforestation, marine pollution, global warming etc.to increase the awareness among the society. The speakers encouraged the participants to become an active agent in developing environmental safety measures. They also encouraged them to make their nearby surroundings clean. (Highlights: Students took pledge to protect the planet‟s biodiversity.)

Celebration of the World Environment Day in NASI HQ

 Summer School-2019 The NASI HQ organized the „Summer School‟ for the science students of Intermediate Colleges during June 05-16, 2019. The programme was organized in two phases; the first phase was organized from June 06-10, 2019 at NASI HQ in Prayagraj, while the concluding / second phase was observed from June 11-16, 2019 in Chandigarh. Around 235 participants from various schools of Prayagraj and other cities/states including the science teachers attended the programme. The students were motivated by the eminent scientists from various institutions, who delivered interesting talks elucidating various concepts of science. The scientific concepts were further illustrated with demonstrations and hands-on experiments by the scientists. The Inaugural Session of the pogramme commenced with the Welcome Address by Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI and Inaugural Address by Prof. S L Srivastava, Coordinator, Science Communication Programme of NASI. Prof. U C Srivastava, Convener of the Summer School Programme delivered the Special Address. Prof. A K Bhatnagar, Formerly NASI Senior Scientist, University of Hyderabad, Vice-Chancellor, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, was the Chief Guest of the Programme. Presidential Remarks were delivered by Prof. Satya Deo General Secretary, NASI while Shri A K Srivastava, Deputy Executive Secretary, NASI proposed the vote of thanks. During the technical and interactive sessions, the eminent scientists, viz. Prof. C K Dwivedi, J. K. Institute of Applied Physics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj interacted with the students on „Electronic hazards and its waste management‟. Prof. Ravindra Dhar, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj enlightened the students and also demonstrated experiments on various scientific concepts based on „Solar Energy‟.

On the second day, the students of Mathematics group were enlightened by the lectures delivered by the experts, viz. Prof. Satya Deo, Prof. S S Khare, Dr. B Tripathi, Dr. Ravidra Shukla and Dr. Anil Shukla exploring various concepts of Mathematical Sciences while the students of Biology group were enlightened by the lecture of Prof. U C Srivastava; and also learnt and performed experiments based on „Blood group/ DNA extraction‟ with the support of Dr. Sippy Singh, Mr. Susheel K Dwivedi and Mrs. Anupma Srivastava. Other experts, viz. Prof. D K Chauhan and Prof. S M Prasad, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad also educated the students on various concepts of Botany. On the third day, the students visited the Department of Physics, University of Allahabad, where they were enlightened by the lectures; and also given demonstrations related to various concepts of Physics under the coordinatorship of Prof. K N Uttam. The second part of the „Summer School‟ was addressed by the Medical experts, viz. Dr. Kartikeya Sharma, Dr. Ashis Tandon, Dr. Gaurav Gupta, Dr. B P Agarawal and Dr. Mukesh Khare. On the fourth day, the students were taken to IIIT, Prayagraj where they were exposed to various experimental sessions on Chemical Sciences/ Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics and Robotics under the guidance of Prof. Krishna Misra. On the fifth day, the students were enlightened by the lectures delivered in Astrophysics/Physics/ Electronics/Chemistry by the technical experts, viz. Shri Pramod Pande, Former Director, Jawahar Planetarium, Prayagraj, Dr. Pavan Chakraborty, IIIT, Prayagraj, Prof. Ravindra Dhar, Head, Centre of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prof. C K Dwivedi, J K Institute of Applied Physics and Technology, University of Allahabad, Dr. Mohd. Masood, Institute of Applied Sciences, Allahabad and Dr. Ajay Pratap Singh, Department of Geology and Mining, Lucknow. Demonstrations were also given on various concepts of the aforesaid subjects. On the sixth day, the students moved to Punjab University, Chandigarh where the second part of NASI-Summer School was organized from June 11-16, 2019. The students were imparted knowledge about various scientific concepts and also taken to the laboratories of Physics, Chemistry, Architecture, Pharmacy, Electrical/Electronics, and Communication where they were exposed to demonstrations and experiments based on these concepts. (Highlights: 235 students of the Intermediate Colleges of different states participated and imparted hands-on training/ demonstrations. Lectures were delivered by about 35 resource persons.)

Prof. Krishna Misra delivering her lecture View of audience

 Workshop on „Climate Change‟ at Dehradun A workshop on „Climate Change‟ was held on June 11, 2019 at Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology (UCOST), Vigyan Dham, Dehradun. The event was jointly organised by NASI HQ, Uttarakhand (UK) Chapter and UCOST. Around 150 participants from Doon University, Dolphin PG institute, Wildlife Institute of India, Sri Guru Ram Rai (SGRR) PG College, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Beehive College and Graphic Era University, Dehradun were present in the session. The Inaugural Session commenced with the Welcome Address by Dr. Rajendra Dobhal, DG, UCOST and Secretary, NASI UK Chapter, who introduced all the dignitaries and guests present at the moment. He highlighted the overall contribution made by Padma Bhushan Prof. (Mrs.) Manju Sharma, Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair, NASI; Former Secretary to the Government of India; and also acknowledged the efforts of Padma Shri Prof. A N Purohit ,Chairman, NASI UK Chapter and Former Vice- Chancellor, HNB Garhwal University for holding the event. The session was coordinated by Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI. Prof. (Mrs.) Manju Sharma shed light upon various science and society programmes organized by NASI all across the country in pursuit of its mandate. She mentioned about NASI‟s fellowship and membership awarded to the young and brilliant scientists for doing research of high quality and promoting science in their regions and also appreciated the successful accomplishments of NASI and UCOST made towards science popularization.

Dr. Rajendra Dobhal felicitating Dr. Manju Sharma Dr. D P Uniyal felicitating Prof. Purohit

The Theme Address on „Climate Change: The Biggest Challenge for Sustainability‟ was delivered by Dr. P C Abhilash, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, BHU, Varanasi. He talked about India‟s growth and development stating that India has the sixth largest economy (nominal GDP), third largest economy (PPP), fastest growing economy (6.21% GDP - GR), largest democracy (home to 1.36 billion people); and ranks second in terms of farm output.

Group of delegates Students attending the workshop

The Inaugural Address on „Global Climate Change or Weather Fluctuation‟ was delivered by Prof. A N Purohit. He expressed that despite the fact that water vapour forms 95% of the greenhouse gases, it is being publicized that global warming is being caused mainly by increase in carbon dioxide (CO2), consequently resulting in a series of disasters. According to him, the climate change is a combination of many factors and not only CO2; the greater the density of CO2 in a given environment, the greater will be the productivity through higher rate of photosynthesis. He emphasized that CO2 rise cannot be a cause of warming and temperature rise does correlate with the solar activity. He said that the plant life of the planet earth would greatly benefit from rising level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The Technical Session 2 was chaired by Prof. Manju Sharma and co-chaired by Prof. A N Purohit. Dr. B R Arora, Advisor, Uttarakhand Chapter, NASI; and Former Director, WIHG, Dehradun spoke on „Climate-Glacier Inter-Linkages: Himalayan Scenario‟. He stated that glaciers are supposed to be the third pole of the earth, because glaciers and snow cover in the Himalaya-Tibet region represent the largest store house of frozen water outside the polar regions. The Technical Session 3 was chaired by Prof. C S Nautiyal, Vice-Chancellor, Doon University; Former Director, CSIR-NBRI and CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow and co-chaired by Dr. B R Arora. Prof. Paramjit Khurana, Head, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus; and General Secretary (OS), NASI delivered a lecture on „Climate Smart Agriculture in the Era of Plant Genomics‟. She highlighted the concept of Climate Smart Agriculture and also suggested ways for managing ecosystems for sustainable livelihoods. She expressed that the revolution in agriculture can only be achieved as an outcome of green revolution and gene revolution. Further, food security, especially in an age of falling water tables and rising temperature is a major challenge in the years to come. Dr. Ranjana Pathania, Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Roorkee spoke on „Antibiotic Resistance and Climate Change-A Dangerous Combination‟. According to her, the studies revealed that after discovery of antibiotics, the death rate decreased from 27% to 4% from 1900 to 1997. Due to introduction of antibiotics, health and life expectancy has been improved as average life expectancy in India in 1930 was 31 years, in 2000 it was 62 years and in 2018 it is 68.8 years.

Prof. Paramjit Khurana (L) and Dr. Ranjana Pathania(R) delivering their lectures

The Valedictory Session of the aforesaid event on „Climate Change‟ was held on June 12, 2019.

On the same day, Professor VP Sharma Memorial Lecture was also jointly organized by the NASI UK Chapter and UCOST as part of the celebration of the 150th Anniversary of Ba & Bapu. The session was coordinated by Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI.

Prof. Balram Bhargava (L) and Dr. Niraj Kumar (R) addressing the audience

Dr. Rajendra Dobhal while delivering the Welcome Address, introduced Dr. Balram Bhargava, Secretary, Department of Health Research and Director General, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the Chief Guest on the occasion; and talked about late Prof. V P Sharma‟s noteworthy contributions in the field of Vector Biology and Bioenvironmental Control of Malaria stating that he was a man of excellence and honored with many prestigious awards. Dr. Balram Bhargava spoke on „Touching Lives & Improving Health through Research‟. Giving a brief account of the establishment of ICMR, he mentioned about Gandhian Virtues i.e. Cleanliness, Developing Villages, Physical Activity, Mental Strength, Healthy Mother & Child and Dietetics; and also mentioned about the outstanding contribution of ICMR in controlling several epidemics such as plague, small pox and polio. He praised the efforts of Prof. V P Sharma for leading a campaign all over India and adopting participatory approach, practiced by Gandhi ji, when he served many patients suffering from these dreaded diseases. (Highlights: The participants were enlightened on various aspects of climate change, role of human activities, some well-established scientific links; and also the Gandhian views to control the disease and make India clean and healthy.)

 Workshop on „Promoting Entrepreneurship among Women in Science‟ at Biotech Park, Lucknow A workshop on „Promoting Entrepreneurship among Women in Science‟ was jointly organized by NASI and BCIL on June 19-20, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. The event commenced with the Welcome Address delivered by Prof. Pramod Tandon, Chairman, NASI, Lucknow Chapter and Chief Executive Officer, Biotech Park, Lucknow. The Keynote Address on „Women Entrepreneurship: Key to Accelerating Growth‟ was delivered by Dr. V P Kamboj, Chairman, BCIL and Former Director, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow. In her Presidential Address, Prof. Manju Sharma, Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair, NASI, and Former Secretary to the Government of India, DBT, New Delhi elaborated on „Women Scientists Programme of NASI‟. The Inaugural Address was delivered by Dr. S K Barik, Director, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow. He expressed his views on „Motivating young women to pursue science and entrepreneurship, and exploring new opportunities‟. Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI (HQ) extended the vote of thanks. The session was coordinated by Dr. Sanchita Chaudhary, Assistant General Manager, BCIL.

The Technical Session 1 on „Start-up Ecosystem for Innovation led Enterprises‟ was chaired by Dr. P K Seth, NASI Senior Scientist and Chairman, ILSI-India and co-chaired by Dr. Suchitra Banerjee, NASI Senior Scientist, CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow. The first presentation in the session was made by Dr. Unnat Pandit, Head Operations, Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog talked about „Policy Initiatives to Support Innovation and Technology Ecosystem for Start-ups in Building New India‟. Dr. Purnima Sharma, Managing Director, BCIL spoke on „Ecosystem for Innovation led Enterprises‟. She gave a brief introduction about BCIL and highlighted its contribution for promotion of biotechnology in the country, particularly, by providing valuable services to the Central and State Governments, academic and research institutions, industry etc. towards biotechnology commercialization. She also elaborated on the Start-up India initiative covering the Start-up India Online Hub - India‟s Largest Virtual Incubation Platform and Start-up India Learning Programme.

Ecosystem for Innovation led Enterprises

The Technical Session 2 on „Successful platforms for entrepreneurship promotion‟ was chaired by Prof. Pramod Tandon, Chief Executive Officer, Biotech Park, Lucknow; Chairman, NASI, Lucknow Chapter; and co-chaired by Prof. Paramjit Khurana, General Secretary (OS), NASI; Head, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus . Dr. Taslimarif Saiyed, CEO and Director, C-CAMP, Bangalore mentioned about „Role of international and virtual platforms in driving entrepreneurship. He provided an overview of C-CAMP, an initiative of DBT, Govt. of India set up with a mandate to be an enabler of cutting-edge life science research and innovation. He highlighted the efforts of C-CAMP in facilitating bioscience research and entrepreneurship by providing research, development, training and services in state-of-the-art technology platforms as well as creating and fostering an entrepreneur-friendly culture in and around academic/research environment through its involvement in Seed Funding Schemes for Start-ups. Dr. Mrutyunjay Suar, Director, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar spoke on „Technology Business Incubators: An Integrated Platform for Start-ups‟. He described the model of Technology Business Incubators (TBI) in line with the key objective of building a vibrant incubation ecosystem. Dr. Sanchita Chaudhary talked about „Government Initiatives for Women in Science‟. She provided the details of Biotechnology Career Advancement and Reorientation Programme (BioCARe) of the DBT which provides the first extra-mural grant to unemployed as well as employed women scientists. Dr. Chaudhary informed the participants about the Women Scientist Schemes of Department of Science and Technology (DST) which encourage women in S&T domain, 14

preferably those having a break in career and not having regular employment to explore possibility of re-entry into the profession.

Government Initiatives for Women in Science

The session 3 on „ Best practices for building successful start-ups‟ was chaired by Dr. Amitabha Bandyopadhyay, Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering and KENT Chair for Entrepreneurship & Innovation, IIT Kanpur and co- chaired by Dr. Taslimarif Saiyed, CEO and Director, C-CAMP, Bangalore. The presentations in the session included sharing of experiences by two women who have gone through the journey from being scientists to successful entrepreneurs. Dr. S Kavitha, Founder, FIB-SOL Life Technologies Private Limited, Chennai stated that the issues in Agriculture and Healthcare are addressed with the tools of S & T by her company. As a start-up, FIB-SOL has identified the indiscriminate use of Agri inputs as a problem and has offered a scientific solution of nanofiber carrier for bio-based Agri inputs. In this context, a successful start-up should identify a problem and try to offer a commercially viable solution to the same. Dr. Kavitha mentioned about the funding agencies of FIB-SOL including, IITM Alumni Affairs, BIRAC, CCAMP, MSME, IIGP and also highlighted that they have increased their product portfolio and revenue streams, which is inevitable for a successful start-up. Dr. K Rajeshwari, Co-Founder and Managing Director, Bioklone Biotech Private Limited, Chennai shared her experiences and ambitions with the participants and provided a detailed account of her journey from a Biotech Scientist to a Biotech Entrepreneur. Since its inception in 2006 at Golden Jubilee Biotech Park for Women Society, Chennai, Bioklone has been engaged in providing custom antibody services and assay development services. On the concluding day of the event i.e. June 20, 2019, the Technical Session 4 on „Scientific Communication‟ was chaired by Prof. Manju Sharma, and Prof. Veena Tandon, NASI Senior Scientist, Biotech Park, Lucknow. The Keynote Address on „Communication of the Science, by the Science, for the Science‟ was delivered by Prof. Tapas K. Kundu, Director, CSIR-CDRI. Prof. Kundu mentioned about certain basic things to be followed while communicating Science with emphasis on practicing honesty in the field of research. He stressed on the purpose/ objective of communicating science, type of scientific community/ audience and selection of language (i.e. regional language for particular location, but „English‟ for national and international platform) to be ascertained in the process of science communication. The second and the thematic lecture on „Art of Scientific Communication‟, was delivered by Prof. Paramjit Khurana.

Prof. Khurana differentiated between oral and written communication and elaborated on presentation skills for effective communication. The last lecture of this session was delivered by Prof. Shelly Praveen, Head and Principal Scientist, Division of Biochemistry, IARI, New Delhi on „Prospecting for Scientific Grants‟. While sharing her views on finding the grant opportunities and approach to funding, Prof. Praveen stated that „Grantsmanship‟ is an art of acquiring peer reviewed research funding. She further added that the scientific proposal having good science should address challenge, feasibility and capability; and must restrict to a timeline for proposal formulation.

Prospecting for Scientific Grants

The Technical Session 5 was chaired by Prof. Alok Dhawan, Director, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow and co-chaired by Prof. Shelly Praveen. Dr. Suchitra Banerjee, NASI Senior Scientist, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Lucknow spoke on „Overview of Scientific Paper Writing‟ and emphasized that scientific writing should be oriented towards detailing of the research. She added that expression is very important aspect of the whole presentation which should be reflected in one‟s body language, physical appearance etc. Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary, NASI (HQ) shared his views on „Importance of Statistics in Science‟. Citing the simple examples involving the application of Statistics in day-to-day life, he defined the term „Statistics‟ and the related concepts, viz. mean, median, mode, variability, probability and uncertainty with the help of suitable illustrations and formulas; and also differentiated between percentage and percentile. Prof. Veena Tandon, spoke on „Ethics in Science Communication‟. She expressed that publication is the final stage of research; and therefore, it is the responsibility of the researchers to provide a detailed and permanent record of research which forms the basis for further research and application of findings. The researchers/scientists should also ensure honesty, clarity, accuracy inclusiveness while publishing their research papers. She stressed on the need to avoid plagiarism which is equivalent to literary theft and scientific misconduct.

Ethics in Science Communication

She concluded her lecture by citing the reasons to follow ethics in publication, viz. protection of life and the planet, ensuring scientific progress, promoting ethical behavior, enhancing the reputation of a researcher and paving way towards availing good opportunity. At the end, Prof. Manju Sharma, interacted with the participants and resolved their queries. A good feedback was obtained from the participants who seemed very much keen and motivated to start their own enterprises. The workshop ended with the vote of thanks by Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI (HQ). (Highlights: About 250 young budding entrepreneurs participated from different states in 20 lectures/demonstrations that were organized to motivate them. The esteemed institutions of Lucknow and 4 laboratories of CSIR actively participated in the programme.)

 Lecture workshop on Chemistry at NASI HQ, Prayagraj A one-day experimental workshop for 10+2 level students of different schools of Prayagraj was organized on August 7, 2019 at NASI HQ, Prayagraj. Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI welcomed all the dignitaries and participants and thanked them for sparing their time to join the event. Dr. Ramanujam Parthasarthy, retired bureaucrat (IAS officer of the Gujarat Cadre) and Former faculty, University of Delhi, was the keynote speaker. Prof. Krishna Misra, IIIT, Prayagraj spoke on „Role of Chemistry‟ in daily life. Dr. Archana Pandey, CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad spoke on „Tan Maan Ka Rasayan‟. Dr. Rupali Sethi, University of Allahabad demonstrated experiments. Some experimental skill tests were also conducted at the end of the event. (Highlights: More than 150 participants attended the event; the experts delivered lectures and gave demonstrations to elucidate various concepts of Chemistry.)

 Brainstorming on „Safe and Sustainable Water including Sanitation- A Road to Swachh & Swasth Bharat‟ NASI organized the 5th National Brainstorming on Safe and Sustainable Water including Sanitation -A Road to Swachh & Swasth Bharat on September 19-21, 2019 attended by the leading scientists, technocrats, and health professionals as well as key sector leaders at MPCOST, Bhopal. The main objective of holding the event was to address the issues and analyze the problems and prospects of community water supply and environmental sanitation in the country.

The three-day National Brainstorming Programme was inaugurated by Shri P C Sharma, Hon‟ble Minister for Science & Technology, M.P. Government. Dr. Rakesh Arya, Director General, MPCOST, Bhopal welcomed all the dignitaries, scientists, researchers and students present on the occasion. Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI explicated on „NASI‟s Efforts on „Safe Water & River Conservation Awareness Programme- a small input. Dr. Shivesh Pratap Singh, Secretary, NASI Bhopal Chapter briefed about the activities organized by NASI Bhopal Chapter. Sri Tasneem Habib, Chief Scientist, MPCOST highlighted the initiatives of MPCOST, Centre of Excellence in Biotech, MP Quality Assurance Lab etc. He discussed about the „Ground Water Scenario of MP‟, „Natural Wetland Inventory and Assessment Programme of MPCOST‟ and „Submergence Area Information System‟. Prof. K J Nath, President, IPHE, India and Chairman, Brainstorming Programme delivered the Theme Address on „Water Supply and Sanitation‟. He talked about Looming Water Crisis; Global & National Perspective, Unsafe Water and Poor Sanitation which continues to be a major threat to public health in the country; and also spoke about Swachh Bharat Mission, Solid Waste Management, Waste Water Disposal, River Pollution Control and Rejuvenation and Conservation of the National Rivers with focus on the river Ganga. Prof. P K Seth, Former Director, IITR, Lucknow; and Chairman, Implementation Committee of Brainstorming, shared his views on „Health Impact of safe water and sanitation: Microbial and Chemical Contamination Issues‟. Shri Rajiv Ranjan Misra, Director General, National Mission for Clean Ganga, Govt. of India was the Chief Guest on the occasion. Appreciating the efforts of NMGC for restoration and protection of Ganga, he mentioned about the Ganga Action Plan, Namami Gange Project and Jal Sakti Abhiyans; and also briefed on the renovation and rejuvenation of Traditional Water System. Dr. Santosh Shukla, AES, NASI proposed the vote of thanks. Dr. Rajesh Saxena, Sr. Principal Scientist, MPCOST, Bhopal also graced the occasion. An exhibition based on the River Galleries was also organized by NASI and MPCOST on this occasion. (Highlights: The experts focused on environmental sanitation; more than 200 students/researchers/teachers/ professionals/ experts from MPCOST Bhopal, CSIR institutes, IITs, NITs, DRI Chitrakoot, Ministry of Jal Shakti, IPHE, NASI Local Chapters, Local Bodies at MP and several prestigious organizations of India were present.)

Glimpses of the National Brainstorming Session

Exhibition based on the River Galleries organized by NASI

2.1.3 Concluding Session of the 150th Birth Anniversary of Ba & Bapu; and 125th Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha on October 5, 2019 at INSA, New Delhi. The year 2018-19 marked the 150th Birth Anniversary of the father of the nation, Mahatma Gandhi and his wife, Kasturba Gandhi; and also the 125th Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha, the great visionary, an eminent Physicist and the founder President of NASI. Therefore, NASI organized several activities to celebrate these events. Initially, the opening events were launched by NASI HQ to observe the celebrations of the birth anniversaries of „Ba & Bapu‟ and Prof. Meghnad Saha on October 2, 2018 in a rural area (viz. Shankargarh) of Prayagraj; and on October 6, 2018 in the University of Allahabad respectively. Since then, the NASI HQ as well as the Local Chapters performed various activities throughout the year to celebrate this auspicious occasion by organizing the joint events. The celebration was concluded by organizing a one-day programme on October 5, 2019 at INSA, New Delhi. Many eminent scientists and fellows of the Academy from all across the country participated in this event. Some of them delivered lectures and also took part in the panel discussion. The programme commenced with the Welcome Address by Prof. Paramjit Khurana, General Secretary (OS), NASI. Prof. Ram Gopal Rao, Director, IIT, New Delhi delivered the Special Address. Prof. Manju Sharma, Chairman, NASI New Initiatives and Programme Coordinator gave a detailed description about NASI‟s activities held throughout the year to observe the 150th Birth Anniversary celebrations of Ba and Bapu. Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, Chairman, NASI Local Chapter, Delhi delivered the Special Remarks. The Keynote Address was delivered by Prof. Balram Bhargava, DG, ICMR and Secretary, DHR while Prof. G Padmanaban, President, NASI delivered the Presidential Address. Dr. Prakash Amte, the great social activist and the Chief Guest on the occasion delivered the Inaugural Address. A Special Issue of the publication on „Ba & Bapu 150th Anniversary‟ was also released on this occasion. Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary (HQ), NASI proposed the vote of thanks at the end of the Inaugural Session.

The first technical session was chaired by Prof. P N Tandon, Former MN Saha Distinguished Fellow and Past President, NASI and co-chaired by Prof. Pramod Garg, Department of Gastroenterology, AIIMS, Delhi. The Panel Discussion and Concluding Session was chaired by Prof. Anil Kakodkar, Past President, NASI and co-chaired by Prof. Manju Sharma. The panelists included Prof. Anurag Sharma, IIT, New Delhi, Prof. Chandrima Saha, NII, New Delhi, Prof. Naresh Gautam, VC, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramoday Vishwavidyalaya, Dr. A K Singh, Acting Director, IARI, New Delhi, Prof. Akhilesh Tyagi, DU South Campus, New Delhi, Prof. U C Srivastava, NASI, Allahabad, Dr. Ajay Parida, Director, ILS, Bhuvneshwar. Prof. G Padmanaban delivered the Concluding Remarks. In the second session, Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, IIT, Delhi; and Chairman, NASI Delhi Chapter, delivered Meghnad Saha Memorial Award Lecture. At the end of the event, Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI proposed the vote of thanks. (Highlights: The experts highlighted the works and contribution of the great legendries and their impact on the society.)

Release of the book on „Ba & Bapu‟ by the dignitaries

Closing Ceremony of the 150th Birth Anniversary of Ba & Bapu at INSA, New Delhi

 National Workshop on „Lifestyle Diseases and Health‟ A two-day national workshop on „Lifestyle diseases and Health‟ was jointly organized by the NASI HQ and the Department of Zoology, S.S. Khanna Girls‟ Degree College, Prayagraj on October 15-16, 2019 under the aegis of Science Communication Programme of NASI. Around 400 registered participants including UG, PG students, research scholars and faculty members from different institutions of Prayagraj and other cities from U.P, M.P. as well as Delhi attended the workshop. The Inaugural Session of the workshop was graced by Dr. R N Mishra, a renowned Ophthalmologist; as the Chief Guest on the occasion and Prof. U C Srivastava, the National Coordinator of Science Communication Programme of NASI as the Guest of Honour. Dr. R N Mishra in his informative oration, mentioned about the positive mindset; and highlighted the relevance of appreciation, faith, prayer and motivation in combating the lifestyle diseases. Prof. Lalima Singh, Principal of S. S. Khanna Girls' Degree College welcomed all the guests. Sri A K Srivastava, Deputy Executive Secretary of NASI briefed about the role of NASI in promotion of science in society. Prof. U C Srivastava presented his views on „Lifestyle diseases and Health‟ wherein he suggested to adopt for preventive measures rather than to look after the cure of any ailment. Dr. Asha Seth, Chairperson, Governing Body of the College in her Presidential Address drew the attention of gathering towards the lifestyle diseases like obesity, hypertension arising due to sedentary and modernized lifestyle. The function was also graced by Justice Arun Tandon, Mr. Dileep Mehrotra, Prof. Anita Gopesh, Prof. P K Khare, Dr. R P Singh and other faculties from different institutes and NASI officials. The session was coordinated by Dr. Sippy Singh, the Convener; and vote of thanks was proposed by Dr. Shubhra Malviya, the Co-convener of the event. In the first technical session, Dr. B P Agrawal, the renowned Cardiologist of the city spoke on „Cardiac Health: A Basic Discussion‟; and elaborated on heart diseases, their causes and other related disorders. Dr. Vaibhav Kumar Gupta, Dental and Maxillofacial Expert, very effectively presented his views on „Oral Health: A Gateway to your Healthy Life‟; and highlighted the importance of oral hygiene and the adversities occurring out of mere negligence. During the second session, Dr. Manvendra Tripathi, Sr. Entomologist, Lucknow discussed about the mitigation and modifications in the patterns of Vector-borne diseases while Prof. U C Srivastava spoke on „Gandhian Nutrition: A Food for Thought and Thought For Food‟ and also elaborated on the dietary benefits of our food items. On the second and concluding day of the event, the third session witnessed the lectures delivered by two medical experts, viz. Dr. Ashish Tandon, Chest specialist and Dr. Kartikeya Sharma, Neurosurgeon. Dr. Tandon briefed about „Obstructive Apnea and Obesity‟ while Dr. Kartikeya Sharma highlighted the new aspect of mental health in context of modernized lifestyle. The Valedictory Session was graced by Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary, NASI (HQ); Former Vice-chancellor, APS University, Rewa as the Chief Guest. He talked about lifestyle modifications and their impact on health. Sri A K Srivastava formally welcomed all the guests. Report of the workshop was presented by Dr. Sippy Singh, the Convener of the workshop. Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI presented his illustrative views on the adverse impact of sedentary habits on health. Other dignitaries of the function included Dr. Asha Seth, Prof. U C Srivastava and Prof. Lalima Singh.

(Highlights: Young women were motivated to come forward to take up the challenges regarding lifestyle diseases and spread knowledge of healthy living among the society.)

Prof. Satya Deo delivering his lecture

Dr. Niraj Kumar addressing the audience

 Science & Technology Sensitization Programme for Women at Central University of Haryana (CUH), Mahendragarh NASI organized a two-day event on „Science & Technology Sensitization for Women‟ in collaboration with the Central University of Haryana (CUH), on Nov 06- 07, 2019, as part of its science and society endeavour to sensitize the researchers including women on S&T related issues.Over 200 participants from the university including faculty members, research scholars and post graduate students participated in the workshop focusing on two main features, viz. „Sensitization for Technological Empowerment of Women‟ and „Science Paper Writing‟. The Inaugural Session commenced with the Welcome Address by Prof. Satish Kumar, Department of Biotechnology, CUH. Prof. Paramjit Khurana, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, highlighted NASI‟s endeavours to generate awareness in all strata of society and stressed upon the urgent need of science education and technological empowerment of women in the state of Haryana.

While delivering the Keynote Address on „Gender sensitization: Changing the mindsets‟ Prof. Manju Sharma, NASI-DST Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair and Former Secretary to the Government of India, portrayed the mandate of the NASI and stressed on the need to provide equal opportunity and rights to women. Prof. R C Kuhad, Vice-Chancellor, CUH and the Guest of Honour on the occasion stressed upon the urgent need of science and technology sensitization/ outreach programmes for the students residing in remote areas of Haryana. While delivering the Inaugural Address, Prof. Pramod Tandon, CEO, Bioteck Park, Lucknow, stressed on the need of academic collaboration of CUH with NASI to work on upgrading the science and technology for the development of Haryana. At the end of the session, Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI proposed the vote of thanks by expressing his gratitude to all dignitaries and participants for their contribution towards organizing this event. The scientific sessions were held on two themes viz. „Technological Empowerment of Women through Entrepreneurship‟ and „Science Paper Writing‟. The Scientific Session on „Technological Empowerment of Women through Entrepreneurship‟, was chaired by Prof. Manju Sharma. Dr. Purnima Sharma, CEO, BCIL, New Delhi, elucidated on „Women as Entrepreneures‟. Prof. Rup Lal, NASI Senior Scientist, TERI and Dr. Renu Yadav, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, CUH focused on the problems of women adding that women need to be empowered with the scientific tools. The second session on „Science Paper Writing‟ was chaired by Prof. Neelam Sangwan, CUH. Prof. Subhra Chakraborty, NIPGR, New Delhi, delivered a lecture on „Scientific Project Writing‟. She explained the relevance of communicating research, based on observation and experimentation; and also briefed on data analysis. Prof. U C Srivastava, Emeritus Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad explicated on „Overview of Scientific Paper Writing‟ while Prof. Veena Tandon spoke on „Ethics in Science‟. The Concluding / Valedictory Session was graced by Prof. Manju Sharma and Prof. Paramjit Khurana. At the end of the Valedictory Session, Dr. K K Dubey, CUH proposed the vote of thanks. (Highlights: Over 200 participants attended the programme; and interacted with the experts on the health related issues as well as ethics in science paper writing.)

 A Report on two important NASI-events held at IISc, Bangalore on November 15 & 16, 2019 i. Conferment of Prof. M G K Menon Memorial Award to Professor CNR Rao

The National Academy of Sciences (NASI) honoured Prof. CNR Rao with the M G K Menon Memorial Award, an annual award which recognizes an eminent scientist for his/her noteworthy contribution in the field of science. NASI organized the Prof. M G K Menon Memorial Award Function at Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore on November 15, 2019 as part of science promotion for recognition of eminent scientists. The dedication and commitment of two great stalwarts in science namely Prof. MGK Menon and Prof. CNR Rao were greatly appreciated by all the Fellows of the Academy. Delivering the Prof. MGK Menon Memorial Award Lecture on the occasion, Prof. CNR Rao said that our glorious scholarly tradition of science should be improved day by day to compete with the advancements in science in the future.

Citing several celebrated examples of Indian science and scientists such as Prof. C V Raman, Prof. Satish Dhawan and Prof. MGK Menon, Prof CNR Rao motivated the young budding scientists to come forward with full dedication and devotion for passionately carrying forward their goal of science with innovative ideas. The Welcome Address was delivered by Prof. Anurag Kumar, Director, IISc while the Prof. G Padamanaban, President, NASI made the Presidential Remarks and focused on science and society relationship as well as the role of NASI in promoting the culture. Dr. K Kasturirangan, Chairman, Karnataka Knowledge Commission and former Chairman, ISRO, also spoke on this occasion recalling his memories about Prof. Menon as well as his association with Prof. CNR Rao on many of the important events together during his tenure in space as well as a policy maker. Prof. Manju Sharma, Former Secretary to the Govt. of India described her active association with Prof. Menon, who guided her in every walk of life. She also spoke glowingly about the coherence of thoughts of Prof. Menon and Prof. Rao in building the modern science of India. Prof. Ashok Misra, the Chairperson, NASI Bangalore Chapter briefly introduced the award and the awardee, after which Prof. Rao delivered a memorable account of his rendezvous with several eminent Indian scientists and foreign counterparts. At the end of the event, Prof. P N Rangaranjan, Secretary, NASI Bangalore Chapter, extended the vote of thanks. (Highlights: The event recognized the contributions of Prof. MGK Mennon to world science and nation building.) ii. Celebration of the 100th Birth Anniversary of Dr Vikram Sarabhai, Father of the Space Programme in India

On the next day, i.e. on November 16, 2019, the Academy also celebrated the 100th Birth Anniversary of Dr Vikram Sarabhai, Father of the Space Programme in India, at Prof. Satish Dhawan Auditorium of IISc, Bangalore, with Dr. K Sivan, Chairman, ISRO, as the Chief Guest.

Dignitaries during the celebration of the 100th Birth Anniversary of Dr Vikram Sarabhai at IISc, Bangalore

The event was graced by distinguished scientists including Dr. B Suresh, Prof. K Kasturirangan,Prof.Anil Kakodkar, Prof. A S Kiran Kumar, Dr. K Radhakrishnan, Prof. Manju Sharma (Coordinator), Prof. Ashok Misra, Prof. Anurag Kumar, Prof. Ajoy Ghatak and Prof. P N Rangarajan.

The speakers paid their tributes to Dr Sarabhai; and highlighted his immense contributions to Indian Science in general, and the Space Programme, in particular. Both the functions were attended by several Fellows/Members of the Academy as well as many other scientists, Faculty of IISc, NASI Executives Dr. Niraj Kumar and Dr. Santosh Shukla, and the students of IISC and nearby colleges. (Highlights: The experts elaborated on the Space Programme and the contributions of Dr Vikram Sarabai to Indian Science.)

 NASI School Children-Neuroscientists meet held at AIIMS, New Delhi

The School Children-Neuroscientists meeting on November 18, 2019 was one of the highlights of the 37th Annual meeting of the Indian Academy of Neurosciences (IAN 2019) held at AIIMS, New Delhi. A day prior to the beginning of the Annual meeting, the organizers of IAN-2019 had invited 9 schools from Delhi NCR and allotted them some interesting topics. A group of 2-3 students from each school gave presentation for 5 minutes on the allotted topic during the meet.

The key areas for discussion included: 1. How much sleep is enough? 2. Role of emotions in health 3. Foods to boost your memory 4. Does music affect the brain? 5. Artificial Intelligence 6. Smartphones: blessing or curse? 7. Cognitive effects of exercise 8. Does the brain help us cope with stress? 9. Asymmetrical brain: Right vs. Left brain

At the end of the whole session as well as each presentation, the children put forth their queries before the eminent panel of neuroscientists. The experts included Prof. HWM Steinbusch, Maastricht University, Netherlands; Prof. Ratna Sircar, City University of New York, USA; Prof. S B Singh, Director, NIPER, Hyderabad; Prof P K Seth, Biotech Park, Lucknow and founder member of IAN; Prof. Pankaj Seth, NBRC, Manesar, Haryana; Prof. T.S. Roy, Head, Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi; Prof. K K Deepak, Head, Department of Physiology, AIIMS, New Delhi and Prof. Suman Jain, Department of Physiology, AIIMS, New Delhi. The entire session was greatly appreciated by the teachers and the students. The students had several queries on the concepts related to learning and memory, cognition, exercise, music, smart phones, stress and other brain disorders showing their inquisitive bent of mind and explained by the panel of neuroscientists through their expertise and experience in the field of neurosciences. Not only the students, but also, the accompanying teachers were greatly benefited from this meeting. (Highlights: The students asked several eye-opening questions from eminent neuroscientists‟ panel showing their inquisitiveness.)

A view of the NASI School Children-Neuroscientists Interactive meeting

 Commemoration of the Constitution Day

All the employees of NASI took oath on the Constitution Day (26th November, 2019) at NASI-HQ at Prayagraj; thereafter, the celebration started. Further, the Academy observed parallel session to commemorate its Foundation Day with the Constitution Day on December 5, 2019. More than 200 students, teachers, Fellows and Members of NASI participated on this occasion at NASI HQ, Prayagraj. The eminent dignitaries viz. Justice Shri Arun Tandon, the Chief Guest, Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary (HQ), NASI Prof. S L Srivastava, Coordinator, Science Communication Programme, Prof. U C, Srivastava, the former GS, NASI were present on the occasion. Messages were received from Prof. G Padmanaban, Hon‟ble President, NASI and Prof. Manju Sharma, the Past President, NASI and read before the audience during the function. They expressed that- “The role of „Scientific Temperament‟ in nation building and harnessing scientific and technological research for societal benefit has always been the key concern of this Academy; the NASI has since its inception in 1930 made untiring efforts towards this”. They also stated that- “The country is very proud of its constitution; every citizen has to remember its fundamental duties as enshrined in it. NASI through its science communication, popularization of science and awareness building programmes is touching every strata of the society is making concerted efforts to reach the unreached and enthuse the younger generation of scientists to develop and deploy Science and Technology for the welfare of human kind”.

(Highlights: The students were enlightened about various activities and achievements of NASI; the Constitution of India, the related facts and imposition of various articles/ parts/ schedules mentioned in Indian Constitution in different contexts.)

Dignitaries on the dais A view of the audience

 An International Conference on „Advances in Sustainable Agriculture: Bioresources, Biotechnology and Bioeconomy‟ organized at Mansarovar Global University, Bhopal (M.P.) NASI organized an International Conference on „Advances in Sustainable Agriculture: Bioresources, Biotechnology and Bioeconomy‟ on November 29-30, 2019 at Mansarovar Global University, Bhopal (M.P.) The Inaugural Session was presided over by Prof. Manju Sharma, NASI-DST Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair and Former Secretary, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, the Chief Guest of the function. In her Inaugural Address Prof. Manju Sharma stressed on the need to take care of soil, water, biodiversity and quality of human life for Indian Agriculture to be sustainable. She threw light on the recent trends in agriculture and emphasized that there is a need for enriching the rural economy and enhancing farmers‟ income. Prof. Arun Kumar Pandey, Vice-Chancellor, Mansarovar Global University, emphasized that India has robust farming communities and traditions, but, they need technological inputs for higher crop yield, control of pests and pathogens, post-harvest storage, transportation and marketing. Molecular and biotechnological tools should also be pressed into service for achieving crop yields comparable to developed countries. The wise use of water and reduced dependence on pesticides are vital for sustainable agriculture. In the inaugural session, Prof. R P Singh, Secretary General, PHSS Foundation highlighted the objectives and functioning of the foundation and announced the conferment of Lifetime Achievement Award on Prof. Manju Sharma. Five other scientists received awards for excellence in their fields of scientific activity. Prof. P K Seth, President, PHSS Foundation gave a brief background of the Young Scientist Conclave and emphasized the need for utilizing the biotechnological techniques for crop improvement. The event was jointly sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences, India and NASI Bhopal Chapter. (Highlights: A total of 130 delegates from all across the country and abroad participated. The conference provided an opportunity to the participants to exchange their views and share their ideas for promoting sustainable use of bioresources, use of biotechnology in crop improvement and bioeconomy.)

Glimpses of the event organized at Mansarovar Global University

2.1.4 89th Annual Session and Symposium on „Science and Technology based Entrepreneurship Development‟ organized by The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI) in collaboration with ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM) on December 21-23, 2019 The Inaugural Function of the 89th Annual Session of NASI and Symposium on Science and Technology based Entrepreneurship Development commenced with the invocation song and lighting of the lamp by the dignitaries on the dais. At the outset, Dr. Cherukumalli Srinivasa Rao, Director, ICAR-NAARM (the host organization of NASI Symposium) welcomed all the NASI Fellows, dignitaries, scientists, faculty, students, media persons and other invited guests from different parts of the country. Dr. Rao conveyed his special thanks to Prof. (Mrs.) Manju Sharma, Former Secretary, DBT, New Delhi, the convener of the symposium for her initiative to organize the symposium at ICAR-NAARM.

Lighting of Lamp by Prof. (Mrs) Manju Sharma Dignitaries on the dais

Prof. (Mrs.) Manju Sharma, briefed about the NASI and symposium. In her address, she appreciated the efforts of all the fellows and members of NASI for the successful completion of two major events of NASI during this year, i.e. the celebration of the 125th Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha and 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of our nation. She highlighted the relevance of the theme of the present symposium in view of various programmes implemented by the government such as startup India, skill India, entrepreneurship development etc.

Launching of the Souvenir of 89th Annual session Felicitation of Dr. A.V. Rama Rao

A view of audience

Dr. A V Rama Rao, Chairman & MD, AVRA Lab, Hyderabad delivered P.C. Ray Memorial Award Lecture. While presenting his Keynote Address Dr. Rao reflected upon his personal journey as a lecturer, scientist, technologist and entrepreneur. He highlighted the contribution of Dr. P.C. Ray towards establishing Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Industry for the public. He briefed on importance of fundamental research, technology development and importance of industrial research. His persuasive speech on scientific innovations on vitamin B6, HIV drugs etc. stimulated and inspired the researchers towards transformation of fundamental research to industrial research. Prof. G Padmanaban, President, NASI and Former Director, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru appreciated the contribution of scientific interventions in space research, information technology, plant breeding and genetics in agriculture etc. He indicated that in spite of scientific developments, the country is facing the challenges of many diseases. Therefore, there is a need to develop knowledge on core technology in all scientific fields. Strengthening scientific research is more important for addressing the challenges of the country. The session was inaugurated by Dr. T Mohapatra, DG, ICAR; Secretary, DARE. At the end of the session, many eminent scientists were felicitated (with shields, certificates and cash awards) for their scientific contributions. Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary, NASI HQ proposed the vote of thanks to all the delegates and NAARM for hosting this event. An Exhibition was also inaugurated on this occasion. (Highlights: The conference witnessed an interaction and high level panel discussion among the scientists/ tech-entrepreneurs/ other dignitaries from India and abroad to formulate long term initiatives and evolve a strategy towards sustainable rural development.)

 National Mathematics Day The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI), organized a two-day Workshop on „History of Mathematics before 16th century‟ to celebrate the National Mathematics Day as well as the Birth Anniversary of the eminent mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan on December 30-31, 2019 at its headquarters at Prayagraj. The event witnessed a series of popular lectures on „History of Ancient Indian Mathematics‟ such as Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Calculus, Spherical Trigonometry and Astronomy etc. The event was attended by more than 200 students/researchers/teachers from Universities, IITs, IISERs, NITs, and several prestigious universities of India. The inaugural function started with the Welcome Address by Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI and the Local Coordinator of the workshop. He welcomed all the dignitaries, scientists, researchers and students present in the auditorium and also threw light on the Journey of NASI since its inception. Prof. Satya Deo, General Secretary, NASI HQ, the Convener of the workshop, explained the main objectives of the workshop. He threw light on the inspiring life of Ramanujan and his works on Number Theory. He talked about how our Vedic mathematicians had developed the Geometry of „Sulbasūtra‟, the „Pythagoras Theorem‟ and the „Decimal place value system‟, long before it was conceived by anyone in the world; and also discussed in length, the works of Aryabhat, Brahmagupta and Bhaskaracharya. In 2012, the Government of India declared 22nd December as the National Mathematics Day, to remember and observe the contributions of Srinivasa Ramanujan in the field of Mathematics. Prof. K Ramasubramanium, IIT Bombay, delivered the Keynote Address and explained the ancient contributions in the field of Mathematics with the help of Shlokas from our Indian Vedas.The eminent dignitaries, viz. Prof. S L Srivastava, and Prof. U C Srivastava, the Coordinators of Science Communication Programme of NASI, Prof. S S Khare, Prof. H K Mukherjee and Prof. Ramji Lal also graced the occasion. The vote of thanks was proposed by Dr. Santosh Shukla, AES, NASI.

A view of the dais during the Mathematics Workshop

The distinguished speakers, viz. Prof. Satya Deo, Prof. K. Ramasubramanium and Prof. S. S. Khare delivered lectures on the topics„Appreciating India‟s Contribution to Science and Mathematics‟, „An Introduction to Śulbasūtras and Chandasśāstra‟ and „India‟s Contribution to Mathematics‟ respectively on the first day of the workshop. On the second day of the event, the lectures were delivered by the aforesaid mathematicians, as well as by Prof. Ramji Lal and Prof. H K Mukherjee on „History of ancient Mathematics‟. All the participants were highly benefitted from the course contents and lectures delivered during the workshop. Sri B. P. Singh & Dr. Pavitra Tandon, AES, NASI, Ms Archna Pant, Dr. Chitranjan Sharma and other staff members as Mr Shaktisheel Chaturvedi, Mr. Ankit Trivedi, Dr. Smita Venkatesh, Dr. Vridhhi Nigam, Ms Rashmi Misra, Mr. Ashutosh and Mr. Rajeev Mishra were present during the event and supported the programme with their active participation. (Highlights: Celebration of the National Mathematics Day; the students were enlightened by the eminent mathematicians on various concepts of Mathematics.)

 Winter School The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI) successfully organised a six-day Winter School from January 02 to 07, 2020 as part of its Science Communication Program. Around 250 students of 11th and 12th standard and their teachers from different schools of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand as well as from the host city Prayagraj attended the programme. The Inaugural Session of the Winter School was graced by the presence of distinguished scientists, viz. Prof. Krishna Misra (IIIT, Prayagraj), the guest of honour, Prof. U C Srivastava, the National Coordinator, Science Communication Programme of NASI, Prof. S L Srivastava, Convener and Coordinator, Science Communication Programme of NASI and many eminent dignitaries from various educational institutions and organizations of Prayagraj and nearby areas. Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI welcomed all the dignitaries and participants. The Inaugural Address was delivered by Prof. U C Srivastava. In the first Technical Session, Prof. U C Srivastava discussed about „Gandhian Nutrition: A Food for thought and Thought for Food‟ and the dietary benefits of our food items.

Prof. Krishna Misra, Former General Secretary, NASI delivered the lecture on the topic „How to keep good health‟ in which she pointed out the importance of healthy diet for students, functional food, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, malnutrition and immunity, human microbiome, human gut microbacteria etc. Prof. Ravindra Dhar, Centre for Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, expressed his views on „Measurements of Physical Instruments‟. Prof. C K Dwivedi, J. K. Institute of Applied Physics, University of Allahabad, directly interacted with the students and satisfied them with the relevant answers with the help of suitable examples. The second day of the event witnessed lectures as well as demonstration for the students of Biology and Mathematics groups. For the students of Mathematics group, two lectures were delivered by Prof. Bhupesh Tripathi and Prof. Satya Deo respectively. Dr. Sushil Kumar Dwivedi from Lucknow spoke on „Bionics: Learn science by nature‟. On the third day, demonstrations/ skill tests were conducted for the students to enhance their learning capacity as well as IQ level. Later, the students visited the laboratories of Physics Department in the University of Allahabad under the supervision and coordinatorship of Prof. K N Uttam, Department of Physics. Evening lectures and Science-Quiz Completion were also conducted on the same day. On the fourth day, a lecture was delivered by Dr. Arun Sikerwar, Agra, who also conducted the Interactive Session. Later, a trip was organized for the students to visit the Department of Botany, University of Allahabad under the guidance of Prof. D K Chauhan to sensitize them about importance and conservation of plant diversity. Students also visited the Allahabad Museum and Anand Bhawan. On the fifth day, the students visited IIIT-Allahabad where they performed the experiments; and were imparted hands-on training under the guidance and supervision of Prof. Krishna Misra. On the sixth day, Dr. Mohammad Masood, IASc, Allahabad explained about the facts related to the „Periodic table‟, whereas Dr. Rupali Sethi, University of Allahabad spoke on „Chromatography‟. The Winter School concluded with the Valedictory Session graced by eminent scientists, viz. Prof. Satya Deo, Prof. S L Srivastava, Prof. U C Srivastava and Prof. K N Uttam. Vote of thanks was extended by Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI. The winners of various competitions were presented medals and mementoes during the Valedictory Function. The session was coordinated by Dr. Santosh Shukla, Assistant Executive Secretary, NASI. (Highlights: About 200 school students were enthused and inspired to learn science with fun.)

L-R: Winners of science competition; A teacher sharing his experience during the Valedictory Session

The students performing experiments during „Winter School‟

Clockwise (from above): Prof. S L Srivastava, Prof. Krishna Misra, Prof. Satya Deo, Prof. U C Srivastava, Prof. K N Uttam and Dr.Arun Sikarwar addressing the audience

Dr. Niraj Kumar extending the vote of thanks during the Valedictory Function

 Prototype of the „Ganga-gallery‟ at Kanpur On the request of the District Magistrate, Kanpur, U.P., a three-day event to display the exhibits/ models on the river „Ganga‟ was organized by the NASI HQ by installing a Prototype of the Ganga Gallery on January 27-31, 2020 at Kanpur. The objective was to create awareness among the people regarding conservation and restoration of the holy river. This comprised the posters and exhibits depicting facts, figures and photographs highlighting the cultural, religious, economic, socio-scientific and related aspects of the river Ganga such as Gangetic ecosystem, climate change and its impact on the Ganga basin, soil characteristics, Gangetic-dolphins, Sunderbans, water properties and its monitoring, need and importance of sewage treatment plants in curbing the menace of pollution. The event was attended by around 1000 visitors from the city and nearby places. The endeavour by NASI in establishing such gallery, the first of its kind in the country, was much appreciated by the visitors and the local administrative authorities. (Highlights: The visitors learnt about various aspects related to the holy river and very much appreciated the endeavor of NASI in establishing such river galleries for spreading awareness on restoration and conservation of the rivers.)

Above: Prototype of Ganga Gallery; Below: Visitors visiting the gallery

 Conference on „Advanced Techniques on Material Science Research‟ A two-day event on „Advanced Techniques on Material Science Research‟ was organized by NASI on February 6-7, 2020 at University of Allahabad. The event was coordinated by Prof. Ravindra Dhar, Centre of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad. Around 250 students and faculty members participated in the event. The experts put forth their works and shared their views on the new and advanced methods and techniques emerging in the field of Material Science. (Highlights: The experts targeted at the recent research breakthrough/techniques in the field of Material Science.)

 Workshop on „Opportunity and Extension in the Field of Entrepreneurship Development‟ organized by the Departments of Botany & Zoology, Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Satna (M.P.) and NASI HQ A National Workshop on „Opportunity and Extension in the field of Entrepreneurship Development‟ was organized by NASI HQ on February 10-17, 2020 in association with Govt. P.G. College, Satna and A.K.S University, Satna (M.P.). The workshop provided an opportunity to the Post Graduate students of Science for organizing a session on Training and Demonstration (on Bamboo treatment, Agarbatti manufacturing, Bamboo tiles, Bamboo poles, Nursery management, Mushroom farming, Vermicompost, Food Processing, Floriculture) to promote entrepreneurship. The dignitaries present on the occasion included Dr. Arun Shrivastava, Regional officer, M.P. Pollution Control Board, Satna, Dr. Neerja Khare, Principal, Dr. Rajesh Saxena, Principal Scientist, MPCST, Bhopal, Dr. Rashmi Singh, Professor and Head, Department of Botany, Govt. P. G. College. Other experts also shared their views on different themes. Dr. Hakim Singh, Former Principal, S.G.S. Govt. P.G. College Sidhi, spoke on „Local opportunity in field of Entrepreneurship development‟; Mr. Pradeep Kumar Pathak, Ex-General Manager, Production, Ultratech Cement, shared his views on „Cement Technology‟; Shri Rajiv Mishra, IFS Conservator of Forest & DFO, Satna, talked about „Forest Products & Ecotourism‟; Er. Ajeet Sarathe, Head, Department of Agriculture Engineering, A.K.S. University talked about „Food Processing and Bakery‟; Er. Rajesh Mishra, Head, Department of Food Technology, A.K.S University spoke on „Formalities for Company formation for Entrepreneurship‟; Prof. S S Tomar, Dean Agriculture Science, A.K.S University, Satna elaborated on „Entrepreneurship in Agriculture (Integrated Farming System)‟.

Glimpses of the event

Mr. Abdul Warsi talked about „Vermicomposting and Biopesticides‟; Mr. Manish Nagrath, Aquarium House, Satna spoke on „Aquarium‟; Shri Anil Shrivastava, Fisheries Department Satna explained about „Fish culture‟; Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI elaborated on „Amalgation of protein for healthy food products‟; Dr. Mohd. Masood, The Institute of Applied Sciences, Prayagraj talked about „Food Adulteration Testing Kit‟ while Dr. Anees F Rizvi, The Institute of Applied Sciences, Prayagraj talked about „Moringa Food Products‟. Prof. P K Banik, Vice-Chancellor, A.K.S University, Satna was the Chief Guest in the Valedictory Session, whereas Smt. Shaila Tiwari, Anupama Education Society, Ex- Member, Consumer Forum was the Special Guest and Dr. Neerja Khare, Principal, Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Satna presided over the session. Dr. Mahendra Tiwari, Head, Department of Environmental Sciences, A.K.S. University, Satna proposed the vote of thanks. (Highlights: The students learnt various aspects of entrepreneurship and the concepts to develop S&T based enterprise.)

2.1.5 Mega Event for the Tribal Welfare A mega event on „Science & Technology Intervention for the Tribal Welfare‟ was held on Feb. 24-25, 2020 at ILS, Bhubaneswar. Around 300 participants from all across the country representing 23 Tribal Welfare Centres established by NASI HQ under the DST‟s Tribal Sub Plan Support attended the event. A total of 17 stalls showcasing the exhibits/ tribal products were displayed/ organized during the event, which were visited by more than 1000 students, teachers and tribal participants including the project implementers. The programme was attended by the Hon‟ble State Minister for Tribal Welfare; and Food & Technology, Govt. of Odisha. Sri Navaljit Kapoor, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Govt. of India, also graced the occasion and addressed the audience in the Technical Session. Several dignitaries, viz. Prof. Partha Pratim Majumder, Prof. Manju Sharma, Prof. J P Khurana and others participated in the programme. A brief report of activities/ projects held under the „Scheduled Tribes Welfare Programme‟ of NASI is enclosed as Annexure-I. (Highlights: The problems of the tribes were addressed; stalls showcasing the exhibits/ tribal products were visited and much appreciated by the participants.)

 National Science Day The National Science Day was celebrated on February 28-29, 2020 at NASI HQ, Prayagraj. The programme commenced with the Welcome Address by Shri A K Srivastava, Dy. ES, NASI on February 28, 2020. Dr. Mohd. Masood, Scientific Advisor, IASc briefed the audience about the programme and the related events. Prof. Ravindra Dhar, Centre of Materials Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Sciences, University of Allahabad introduced Prof. K A Suresh, Honorary Professor, Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bengaluru, the Chief Guest on the occasion, who delivered the Inaugural Address. Prof. S L Srivastava, Formerly Professor & Head, Department of Physics, University of Allahabad; and Coordinator, Science Communication Programme of NASI delivered the Presidential Remarks. In the Technical Session, the scientific presentations on „Novel Technologies for water harvesting‟ were made by the female students. The Valedictory Session commenced with the Welcome Address by Shri A K Srivastava on February 29, 2020. Prof. U C Srivastava, Emeritus Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad; and Coordinator, Science Communication Programme of NASI, introduced the Chief Guest, Prof. Ishan Patro, Vice-Chancellor, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, who delivered the Valedictory Address. Shri Pramod Parashar, the teacher awardee who delivered a lecture on this occasion was felicitated by Prof. Patro. About 200 students, teachers and other distinguished guests from various educational institutions of Prayagraj attended the programme. Mr. Pramod Kumar, Hathras was conferred upon the NASI-Science Teachers‟ Award. Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI, other Executives and staff were also present on the occasion. The entire programme was conducted by Shri BP Singh, AES, NASI, who also proposed the vote of thanks. (Highlights: Science Teacher Award and National Level Scientific Paper Writing)

L-R: The winners of the scientific events with the delegates; Prof. S L Srivastava felicitating Prof. Ishan Patro; Prof. K A Suresh, Dr. Sanjay Srivastava, Dr. Mohd. Masood are also seen on the dais

The participants with the dignitaries and NASI Executives

 Workshop on „Trends in healthcare innovations in India‟ held by NASI & ICMR at Mumbai A workshop on „Trends in healthcare innovations in India‟ was conducted on February 29 - March 1, 2020 at the newly inaugurated Smt. Shanta Rao Auditorium of ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH) at Mumbai. This was an ICMR- NASI initiative in association with NASI Mumbai Chapter. The aim of the workshop was to disseminate awareness and knowledge among the students and teachers on innovations from Indian laboratories that are changing the scenario of healthcare in the country as well as globally. More than 200 participants including 149 M.Sc. and Ph.D. students, 40 medical students, teachers and research scientists from various institutes of Mumbai, viz. ICMR-NIRRH, GS Medical College, Lokmanya Tilak Medical College, MGM Institute for Health Science Navi Mumbai, RD National College, Jai Hind College, Wilson College, School of Science NMIMS, Viva College, GN Khalsa College, Bhartiya Vidhyapeeth, Jhunjhunwala College, Institute of Chemical Technology and Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay attended the workshop. The event commenced with the Welcome Address by Dr. Smita Mahale, the Convener of the workshop while Dr. Deepak Modi, the Organizing Secretary, presented the theme and the purpose of the workshop. The Inaugural Address was delivered by Padma Shri Dr. Raman Gangakhedkar, Scientist „G‟ and Head, Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases-I Division, ICMR, who stressed on the relevance of grass root level work leading to innovations and also mentioned about the steps taken by the government and ICMR for control of Zika and Nipha pandemics

in India and now the COVID-19 control programme. The event also included two Award Lectures as well as Poster Presentations. Dr. Nilima Kshirsagar delivered the NASI-Prof. (Mrs.) Archana Sharma Memorial Award Lecture (2018) and Dr. Subeer Majumdar delivered the NASI-Prof. U.S. Srivastava Memorial Lecture Award (2019). Dr. Kshirsagar spoke on the process of innovation and explicated on the development of malaria therapeutics and liposomal preparation for amphotericin while Dr. Majumdar elaborated on molecular players in spermatogenesis and role of these discoveries in devising novel therapeutics for male infertility. The programme also witnessed six sessions on various themes related to public health, entrepreneurship and innovations from bench to bedside; and the Poster Session having presentations on different aspects of healthcare innovations, viz. diagnostic tools on vaginal infections, device from sperm motility testing, stem cells and fertility preservation on development of diagnostic markers for prostate cancer. The sessions were chaired by various NASI fellows including Dr. Smita Mahale, Dr. Kiran Katoch, Dr. Ritu Trivedi and Dr. Nilima Kshirsagar and Dr. Nafisa Balasinor. In the Valedictory Session, Dr. Santosh Shukla, AES, NASI read the messages received from Prof. G Padmanabhan, President, NASI, and Prof. Manju Sharma, the Past President of NASI. (Highlights: Experts focused on technology innovation trends in healthcare sector.)

Glimpses of the workshop on „Trends in healthcare innovations in India‟

 Workshop on „Laser, Fibre Optics and Optical Communications, Fibre Sensors‟ organized by the Indian Women Scientists‟ Association (IWSA) at Navi Mumbai The Academy organized a workshop on „Laser, Fibre Optics and Optical Communications, Fibre Sensors‟ in joint collaboration with Mumbai Chapter. The event was organized by the Indian Women Scientists‟ Association (IWSA) on March 6-7, 2020 at IWSA premises in Vashi, Navi Mumbai.

Dr. Lalitha Dhareshwar, distributing certificate in the workshop

 Activities during the lockdown period (March 2020); and joint statement of three Science Academies on the COVID-19 Pandemic i. The NASI President/some of the Council Members and employees contributed to the PM CARE Fund. About Rs. 3 lacs have been deposited so far. This was in addition to su moto contributions made by NASI Fellows/Members for this noble cause. The employees also facilitated the social workers and teachers at Prayagraj to get eatables and other essential items distributed among the labours and poor families. ii. Online Workshops‟, in joint collaboration with several institutions (phy.hcverma.in; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e51mp- gA9ms&t=76s; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaS60NtZaDE; www.indianparasit ologists.blogspot.com iii. The three National Science Academies jointly issued a Statement to show solidarity with the Government on the steps taken to contain the Corona virus infection. Many fellows expressed their views and endorsed the statement and govt. initiatives/steps taken in this direction. A copy of the joint statement is given below-

2. 2 Activities related to Scientific Research

A compilation of scientific reports as submitted by NASI-Chairs, NASI-Senior Scientists and NASI-Honorary Scientists for the period April 01, 2019-March 31, 2020)

2.2.1 Scientific/Research Contributions of NASI Chairs

A). A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of M N Saha Distinguished Professor

Prof. Ajoy Ghatak Formerly at Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi

1. Title/Theme of the work being done

I have been making studies on the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. I have been also trying to put forward in a very simple form the 3 outstanding contributions that Einstein made in his Year of Miracles (1905); namely, the concept of the light quantum, special theory of relativity and his famous equation E mc2 . I have made a very simple derivation of the equation and also the evolution of quantum theory and the basic concepts associated with it; these have been included in my book published in November 2020 (see Ref. No.1). I have started a series of Webinars for the benefit of undergraduate and post graduate students. I also helped Dr Dhareshwar (Formerly @ BARC, Mumbai) to plan out a workshop on Lasers & Fiber Optics. It was financially supported by NASI through the NASI Mumbai Chapter. It was attended by many students and college teachers and the response was very good. I coordinated many short courses and workshops through the NASI Delhi chapter in which I also gave many lectures. I continue to collaborate on improving the software (LIGHTSIM) which is used to study Propagation Characteristics of Planar and Fiber waveguides. The software (LIGHTSIM) is being sold by FIBEROPTIKA Technologies in Bangalore.

2. Significant research/scientific findings 2.1 I have been studying in detail the 3 outstanding contributions that Einstein made in his Year of Miracles (1905); namely, the concept of the light quantum, special theory of relativity and his famous equation . I have now been able to put details of all 3 contributions in a small book which can be understood by a student studying in Class 11 or 12. The book has the title EINSTEIN‟S YEAR OF MIRACLES: E = mc2, The Light Quantum & Special Theory of Relativity, which was published by VIVA Books in November 2019. The derivation of the equation is my own and very straightforward; I have used the Doppler shift of two emitted photons from a moving source to derive the mass-energy relationship.

This analysis avoids the cumbersome collision dynamics used in the derivation of the mass-energy relation. In the 2nd paper of his Year of Miracles, Einstein made a revolutionary contribution by introducing the concept of the “light quantum”; this light quantum is now referred to as the photon. Einstein himself thought that this was a revolutionary concept and it eventually led to the development of quantum theory. In the book I have discussed Einstein‟s light quantum and also the evolution of quantum theory. I have also given a very simple derivation of time dilation by assuming the constancy of velocity of light in different frames. 2.2 a. I have written an undergraduate text book on OPTICS, the 6th edition of which was published in 2016. I have been giving lectures and short courses in various topics including Lasers & Fiber Optics and as to why the study of light has become so very important. Based on these lectures, during the past 12 months I have been working in preparing a revised edition of OPTICS detailing several areas in which Nobel prizes have been awarded in the past few years. The revised manuscript was submitted in December, 2019 and the new 7th edition is expected to be out by July or August, 2020. Also, during the past 2 years or so, I have been interacting with Professor Xiaoguang Zhang (Professor @ BUPT, Beijing) who has been translating the 6th edition of OPTICS; the Chinese edition of the book was published in October, 2019. b. During the recent pandemic all colleges were closed and classes were suspended. In order to reduce the hardship of undergraduate (and maybe also post graduate students) I organized Special Webinars on Basic Quantum Mechanics covering Evolution of Quantum theory, Dirac delta Function, Schrodinger Equation and its free particle solutions, Single slit and double slit interference patterns etc. Two Live Webinars were delivered by me on March 31, 2020 and April 06, 2020 which were attended by a large number of students. Dr. Manoj Saxena of Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College (Delhi University) coordinated the 2 events. This was greatly appreciated by students and also teachers.

3. Publications during the period of report Ref.1. EINSTEIN‟S YEAR OF MIRACLES: E mc2 , The Light Quantum & Special Theory of Relativity, Ajoy Ghatak, VIVA Books, New Delhi; 185 pages. Published in November, 2019 Ref.2. LECTURES ON QUANTUM MECHANICS (A NASI Delhi Chapter Initiative), Anirban Pathak and Ajoy Ghatak (Editors), VIVA Books, New Delhi; 100 pages. Published in 2019 and released in a NASI Delhi Chapter Programme on May 3, 2020 Ref.3 MEGHNAD SAHA: A Great Scientist & A Visionary (A NASI Delhi Chapter Initiative), Ajoy Ghatak and Anirban Pathak (Editors), VIVA Books, New Delhi; 118 pages. Published in 2019 and released by President (and Past President), NASI on October 5, 2019 Ref.4 Extensive revision of my book on OPTICS. The completely revised manuscript has been submitted in December, 2019 and should be published around July-August, 2020; around 600 pages. I had also collaborated with Professor Xiaoguang Zhang in finalizing the Chinese translation of the 6th edition of OPTICS. The Chinese edition came out in October, 2019

4. Patents filed/collaborations established 4.1 Collaborated with Prof. Anirban Pathak, at Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida in writing an edited book on Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (see Ref. 2). 42

The book was released on May 3, 2019 by Dr. B. Buti while delivering a Memorial lecture at JIIT, Noida. The book was published by VIVA Books as an Initiative of the NASI Delhi Chapter. 4.2 Collaborated with Prof. Anirban Pathak (Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida) in writing an edited book on Meghnad Saha: A Great Scientist & A Visionary (see Ref. 3). The book was released on October 5, 2019 by Prof. G Padmanaban, President NASI and Prof. Anil Kakodkar, Past President, NASI.

Above: Release of book on „Lectures on Quantum Mechanics‟ by Dr. Bimla Buti; Below:Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, Prof. G Padmanaban, Prof. Anil Kakodkar and Prof. Anirban Pathak releasing the book on MEGHNAD SAHA

5. Award/Honour/Recognition 5.1 In May, 2019 (while celebrating the „International Day of Light‟, IIT Kanpur brought out a book entitled Pace-setters: Tribute to a few pioneers of Photonics research from India. The 5 pioneers described in this book are M L Bhaumik, CKN Patel, N Mukunda, Ajoy Ghatak & D D Bhawalkar (M L Bhaumik & CK N Patel are settled in the US).

In her opening remarks, Professor R Vijaya (from IIT Kanpur) wrote “…. The scientists referred to in the following pages broke the tradition…. they decided to take the path less traveled, explore the unknown and unchartered territory, willingly venturing into hard-core research, at a time when perhaps the word ‘research’ itself was exotic… The pioneers in any field have neither a map to chart their trajectory nor a light-house to choose their destination. Yet these scientists had the confidence to believe in their capabilities to raise their research to a level where the choicest of international awards were bestowed upon them. One wonders how so much could be achieved by these scientists, working endless hours, believing in the presence of light at the end of the tunnel. As thousands of students pursue research careers in India today, it is worthwhile to reflect on those who went before us, and lighted the path for us through their contributions in the form of papers, books, monographs and lectures.”

5.2 NASI conferred on me the prestigious 2019 Meghnad Saha Memorial Lecture Award. The Memorial Lecture was delivered at a special event (organized by NASI) celebrating the conclusion of Ba & Bapu 150th Birth Anniversary and Prof. Meghnad Saha 125th Birth Anniversary Celebrations on October 5, 2019 at the INSA- Main Auditorium, New Delhi. The whole event was organized by Dr. Manju Sharma, NASI Distinguished Women Scientist Chair. The session (in which the Memorial Lecture was delivered) was chaired by Dr. G. Padmanaban, President, NASI. I briefly spoke on Prof. Meghnad Saha‟s outstanding research contributions and also his very significant contributions to the establishment of numerous scientific institutes in India. This was followed by a 40 minute talk on the Fiber Optics Revolution, a subject in which I have been deeply involved since 1972. 5.3 There was a seminar on „Contemporary Optics and Photonics (COAP)'that was organized during November 9-10, 2019 at IIT Delhi celebrating the 80th Birthday of Ajoy Ghatak. Dr. Bishnu Pal was the Guest Editor of a Special 310 page Volume of ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS (Editor in Chief: Dr. V K Rastogi) on OPTICS & PHOTONICS brought out in honour of Professor Ajoy Ghatak. The Special Issue contains 24 articles from scientists from all over the world; the first article has the title Ajoy Ghatak: A Physicist and Teacher Par excellence by Professor Pankaj Choudhury; Professor at Institute of Microengineering & Nanoelectronics (IMEN) @ The National University of Malaysia.

5.4 The Optical Society of America (OSA) and the Optical Society of Korea conferred on me the prestigious 2020 Sang Soo Lee Award.

6. Invited Talk(s)/ Lecture(s) delivered 6.1 On April 9, 2019, I delivered a lecture on Meghnad Saha: A Brief History at an event organized by the NASI Lucknow Chapter celebrating the 125th birth anniversary of Dr. Meghnad Saha. The auditorium was packed and the lecture was very well received.

6.2 On September 6, 2019, I was invited to deliver a special lecture to the entire student community at MEC (Mahindra Ecole Central), Hyderabad. I spoke on LIGHT & E=mc2.

6.3 On September 24, 2019, I delivered 2 lectures on Quantum Mechanics & Its Many Applications at Daulat Ram College University of Delhi. The lectures were primarily meant for students and teachers.

6.4 On September 27, 2019, I delivered a keynote address on FIBER OPTICS at a Lecture Workshop on Trans-disciplinary Areas of Research and Teaching by Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Awardees at Deen Dayal Upadhyaya (DDU) College, University of Delhi. 6.5 On October 18, 2019, I was invited to deliver a lecture at the Tathva‟19 lecture series; Tathva is the annual techno-management fest conducted by the National Institute of Technology at Calicut. I delivered a lecture on LIGHT & E=mc2. The hall had about 400 students. The lecture was followed by interaction with students and teachers.

6.6 On January 7, 2020 I delivered the first plenary talk on Why Study of Light Has Become so important at the National seminar on Laser Dynamics & Fiber Optics at Shaheed Rajguru college of Applied Sciences for Women (University of Delhi). 6.7 I delivered a Keynote Address on Evolution of Quantum Theory & Entanglement during a one- day National Seminar on „Recent Trends in Applied Physics and Engineering‟ by Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (SSB) Awardees organized by Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University.

6.8 I delivered the first Plenary Talk (on February 29, 2020) at an International conference organized by International OSA Network of students (IONS). The conference was held at IIT Delhi and I spoke on Why Study of Light is so important. 6.9 Dr. Lalitha Dhareshwar (currently President IWSA (Indian Women Scientists‟ Association) and Formerly Head of the Laser Division @ BARC) contacted me to help her coordinate a workshop on Lasers & Fiber optics @ Mumbai. Eventually we decided to organize a 2 day workshop on Lasers, Fiber Optics & Optical Communications during March 6 & 7, 2020. The workshop was funded by NASI and was a great success. It was attended by about 100 students and college teachers. Unfortunately, because of the COVID crisis, I was advised not to travel; nevertheless, I could deliver three lectures via SKYPE. My first lecture was on the Fiber optics Revolution while the second and third lectures were on Fiber Optics including Attenuation, Pulse Dispersion, Fiber Bragg Gratings etc.

B). A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of NASI-ICMR Chair on Public Health Research

Dr. V M Katoch Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Theme : Programmes planned and being implemented by NASI-ICMR Chair at RUHS, Jaipur aim at identifying important public health issues in Rajasthan ; assessing the level and profile of research activities in Institutions in Rajasthan specially on public health issues; assessing strengths & challenges and suggesting methods to accelerate the progress in health research and undertaking situation analysis and helping the state institutions in developing research cum action projects to introduce indigenously developed technologies for diagnosis, prevention and management of important public health problems.

2. Significant research/scientific findings During 2019-20 (the year under report) all the activities carried out in the earlier period, namely, identifying the research needs to improve the health conditions in Rajasthan, helping them in developing interdisciplinary studies to solve important health problems; mentoring the programmes of various medical colleges in Rajasthan as well as Kangra, HP; and helping the review & mentoring the projects being carried out by MRUs, MRHRUs, VRLs by Department of Health Research (DHR) etc. have continued.

Further, by partnering with State Government and RUHS, efforts have been made to encourage and mentor the potentially interested faculty of newer government medical colleges of Rajasthan at Bharatpur, Bhilwara, Churu, Dungarpur and Pali. During 2019-20, development of more than 30 projects was supported/ mentored at these medical colleges. These colleges were also guided in developing proposals for establishing research units with support of DHR/ICMR & state government etc. for carrying out research in NCDs, communicable as well as other problems of public health importance. Outcomes of most of these initiatives/ activities will be known in the coming years.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Reprioritizing Research cum Intervention strategy on Gastrointestinal Infections in the Light of Swatchh Bharat Abhiyan. Katoch VM. 2019. J Gastrointestinal Infections. 9(1): 1- 4(editorial) ii. Creating political commitment for antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. Bhatia, R., Katoch VM, & Inoue, H. 2019. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 149(2): 83-86 iii. Diagnosis & management of infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria in developing countries: Looking ahead. Katoch VM. 2019. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 150(5): 429-431 iv. Mutations in rpoB gene and their association with Rifampicin-resistance levels in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Das, R., Singh, A. V., Katoch, K., Katoch VM., & Chauhan, D. S. 2019. Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology. 7(4): 107-111 v. Setting priorities in child health research in India for 2016-2025: a CHNRI exercise undertaken by the Indian Council for Medical Research and INCLEN Trust. Wazny, K., Arora, N. K., Mohapatra, A., Gopalan, H. S., Das, M. K., Nair, M. K. C., Sandeep B., Reeta R., Vasantha T., Malabika R., Rakesh K., Katoch V M , Igor R., Robert E. B., Soumya S. & Shekhar, C. 2019. Journal of Global Health. 9(2): 020701.doi:10.7189/jogh.09.020701 vi. Molecular Basis of Drug Resistance in Mycobacteria (Chapter). Katoch V M , 2020. In Pathogenicity and Drug Resistance of Human Pathogens: Mechanisms and Novel Approaches. Saif Hameed and Zeeshan Fatima (Editors). Springer, Singapore, pp 3-31. vii. Oral Health in Leprosy as a Public Health issue in India. DP Singh and VM Katoch (in the manuscript) viii. Leprosy Stigma: Past, Present and future. Shahnawaz Ahmad and VM Katoch (in the manuscript)

4. Patents filed/collaborations established No patents were filed during the year, but continued to be engaged in catalyzing the development and strengthening of research networks within state and at country level.

5. Award/ Honour/ Recognition I was appointed as President of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry by the Government of India.

6. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered During 2019-20, I delivered 15 invited talks (including orations, key notes, plenary talks, inaugural addresses etc.). As in the previous year, I also continued to share my expertise with Govt. and Non-Govt. Institutions and participated in a total of 107 meetings/ seminars/ symposia etc. across the country. I chaired / delivered keynote addresses in 60 of these 107 meetings/ seminars/ symposia.

These meetings pertained to policy and also related to climate change and health; sickle cell disease, leprosy/TB, tribal health, research on diagnostics, preventive, promotive and curative health care and strengthening of research in government (DRDO, CSIR, DBT, DST, ICMR/DHR, NIPERs, AIIMS/JIPMER, MoHFW etc) and non-governmental institutions across the country.

Holding discussion on Research Proposal Development and Funding with faculty from Government Medical College, Bharatpur, Rajasthan

C). A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of NASI-DST Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair Professor

Dr. Manju Sharma Former Secretary to the Govt. of India, DBT, New Delhi

Many new initiatives were taken during this year and the programmes of NASI were expanded and extended to many regions of the country. As a result there is a significant impact of the NASI programmes amongst the educational institutions and particularly, the scientific community. Several awards and recognitions were received and for most of them, lectures were delivered. A list is enclosed. To begin with, Prof. L S Ramaswami Oration at University of Rajasthan, Jaipur was given. Discussions were held with the Local Chapter for their future programmes specially, a one-day programme for Health care in Rajasthan – A Roadmap was discussed. Foundation day lecture was delivered at Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar and the Local Chapter was also inaugurated. Foundation day lecture was also delivered at NABI, Mohali. Prof. MV Pylee Award Lecture was given at Lucknow while Prof. H S Srivastava Memorial Lecture was given at Bhopal. Board Meetings, Advisory Committee Meetings, and other Expert Committees were also attended as Chairman/Member. Being the Chairman of Sriram Institute of Industrial Research, I have the responsibility of chairing the Board Meetings and the Research Advisory Committees; and also ensure that the research work of the institute is in proper direction. I am a Member/Chairman of several national level Award Committees such as ICAR, Women Scientists, SCOPUS, Bhasin Awards, GM Modi Awards.

A detailed dialogue at Jaipur National University was organized by me on Healthcare on April 18, 2019; and some of the best experts of the country participated; and a Roadmap was prepared and submitted to health agencies. An important feature was setting up of a Cancer Registry in the University, for which a proposal was submitted to ICMR. All the Council Meetings, Membership Scrutiny and Fellowship selection meetings including awards were attended at different places. I also participated in the Local Chapters‟ meetings at different locations such as Mumbai, Jaipur, Dehradun etc. At the instance of DBT, along with some Experts, I participated in preparing a report on Agri- biotechnology for India. The report was submitted to DBT. Also, I Chaired Thematic Working Group of DBT on Bio-resources. Biotechnology programmes for different strata of the society were also described and the final report was submitted to DBT. As most of the NASI programmes were organized and developed by me, in particular, I participated in Lucknow Biotech Park, Women Entrepreneurship Programme; Mount Abu, Mirzapur (Chitrakoot), CuH, Mahendragarh, Haryana - Workshops for women in science at these places were also organized. A special event was organized on October 5, 2019 as the Concluding Session of the 150th Anniversary of Ba & Bapu along with 125th Birth Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha. Publications were also brought out for both the occasions. Prof. MGK Menon‟s Lecture was given by Prof. CNR Rao at Bengaluru; along with the lecture, 100th birth anniversary of Prof. Vikram Sarabhai was also celebrated at IISc, Bengaluru. Very eminent scientists and officials participated in both the programmes. For the main Annual Event of the Academy, a programme on S&T based Entrepreneurship was organized at NAARM, Hyderabad. It had very good participation and the event was inaugurated by Dr. T Mohapatra, DG, ICAR. Along with this, I attended as the Chief Guest, the Celebration of the Birth Anniversary of Mahamana Malaviyaji at NGRI, Hyderabad. A Special programme sponsored by DST on the S&T Interventions for ST Population is being coordinated by me; a review meeting of all the centers was held and some very good results were noted. There has been a significant impact of the programmes being implemented at 25 centers on the ST Population. These cover different regions of the country. The list is available with NASI. A very successful Mega Event for the ST Population was organized at ILS, Bhubaneswar. Exhibitions, posters, lectures, films etc. were shown. On the National Science Day, I was to give a lecture at IHBT, Palampur; and a meeting of all the NASI Fellows of Himachal Pradesh was to be organized to finalize the formation of HP Chapter of NASI. This could not happen due to cancelation of the flight. However, through video conferencing, I gave a brief speech and inaugurated the buildings. The year was extremely busy; and several programmes related to Science and Society, were organized and it was ensured that large number of scientists and over all scientific community were involved in the programmes. Special efforts were made to encourage young scientists, women and for the technological empowerment of people in rural areas. If we continue with this vigour and dedication, NASI will be able to make a major impact on the society, especially through its S&T sensitization programmes. A two-day review was planned at BHU, Varanasi for S&T for ST population programme; however due to unavoidable circumstances, it has been postponed for either May or June 2020. Collaborative programmes with other Academies are also being discussed.

Lifetime Achievement Awards and Recognitions received in 2019

1. Lifetime Achievement Award by Reva University, Bangalore on Jan 6, 2019 2. Prof. L. S. Ramaswami Memorial Oration cum Public Lecture Award 3. Life Time Achievement Award by Society for Ethnopharmacology, India (SFE-India) in May, 2019 4. Prof. MV Pylee Lifetime Achievement Award 2019 by the Society for Biotechnologists (India) on September 27, 2019 5. PHSS Lifetime Achievement Award 2019 by Prof. H S Srivastava Foundation, Lucknow on November 29, 2019 6. Lal Bahadur Shastri National Award 2019 on October 1, 2019 7. NASI - Scopus Lifetime Achievement Award on November 8, 2019 8. Shri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi National Eminence Award in Science and Technology 2019 by the South Indian Education Society, on December 14, 2019 9. Recognition and felicitation for Lifetime contributions – Jamia Hamdard University on November 14, 2019 10. Honorary Doctorate by Jamia Hamdard University

D). A brief report on the Scientific /Research Contributions of NASI- JC Bose Distinguished Chair Professor

Prof. Amit Ghosh National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata

1. Title/Theme of the work done The disease cholera caused by Gram negative bacterium Vibrio Cholerae still remains a major public health hazard worldwide, affecting mainly the countries of Africa and Asia, including India, where it is endemic and is responsible for sporadic outbreaks in many places. Cholera outbreaks usually occur among vulnerable populations living in high risk areas. From the epidemiological point of view it is extremely important to trace the origin, characteristics and dispersal pattern of the strain(s) responsible for a particular outbreak. It is in this context the results of our investigations on the 2018 outbreaks strains from Maharastra, Gujarat and Kolkata are reported here.

2. Significant research/ scientific findings V. Cholerae is generally found to change its genetic constituents for better adaptation in an environment and the cholera outbreaks are often found to be associated with the emergence of new variants. Certain genetic changes in the factors linked to virulence, tcpA, ctxB, rtxA and a few others were found in the V. cholerae strains that caused catastrophic epidemics in Haiti and Yemen in the recent past.

It was in this context, the virulence characteristics of the V.cholerae strains responsible for the 2018 outbreaks in Maharashtra and Gujarat were analysed and compared with those of the strains circulating in a cholera endemic area, Kolkata during the same period. One hundred thirty five clinical strains, eighty seven from Western India and the rest from Kolkata were fist examined for oxidase and string positive characteristics typical of V. cholerae.

All strains were then subjected Voges-Proskauer test and chicken erythrocyte agglutination assay to test their biotypes. All were found to belong to E1 Tor biotype. The strains isolated in Maharashtra and Gujarat were positive in agglutination with polyvalent V. Cholera O1 specific antiserum along with the monovalent Ogawa specific antiserum. But the strains from Kolkata turned out to be a mixed population of Inaba and Ogawa serotypes. Forty one out of the 48 Kolkata strains agglutinated with Ogawa specific antisera while the remaining 7 were found to belong to the Inaba serotype. All of the isolates from Western India were found to carry the Haitian alleles of the major virulence associated genes like, tcpA, ctxB and rxtA which provided the explanation for their hyper virulence and perhaps their ability to produce higher amount of cholera toxin and greater colonisability compared to V. cholerae strains isolated in India earlier. In comparison, the Kolkata strains exhibited a different pattern. Of the 48 strains, 14.6% (7 Inaba strains were found to contains ctxB genes of classical type along with the El Tor type rxtA. All strains carried tcpA allele of the Haitian variety, irrespective of the serotype and the allelic differences found in rxtA and ctxB. It is known that Haitian variant strains contain a base substitution mutation in the gyrA gene with isoleucine replacing serine at amino acid position 83, which is supposed to be associated with quinolone resistance in V. cholerae. Our analysis revealed that all the strains in this study contained this mutation in gyrA.

3. Publication (April 1, 2019 – March 31, 2020) a. Das B, Verma, J., Kumar, P., Ghosh Amit, Ramamurthy, T. (2019). Vibrio cholerae: Understanding the ecology of resistance genes and mechanisms. Vaccines 38, Suppl1:A83- A92 b. Ramamurthy, T., Mutreja, A., Weil F-x, Das, B., Ghosh, Amit, Nair, G.B. (2019). Re- visiting the global epidemiology of cholera in conjunction with the genomics of Vibrio Cholerae. Froniters Public Health7:237 c. Sarkar, A., Mortia, D., Ghosh Amit, Chowdhury, G,.Mukhopadhyay, A.K., Okamoto , K., Ramamurthy, T., (2019) Altered integrative and conjugative elements (ICES) in VibiorCholeraeisolates from cholera cases in Kolkata, India Front in Microbiology 6;10:2072 d. Chowdhury G, Ramamurthy T, Ghosh Amit, Dutta S, Eizo T., Mukhopadhyay A.K. (2019) Emergence of Azithromycin resistance mediated by phosphotransferases-encoding (A) in diarregenicV. Fluvialis. mSphere4(30) eoo215-19 e. Naha A, Mandal R.S, Sqamanta P, Saha R.N., Shaw S., Ghosh Amit, Chatterjee NS, Dutta P, Okamoto K., Dutta S., Mukhopadhyay A.K. (2020) Deciphering the possible role of ctxB7 allele on higher production of cholera toxin by Haitian variant V. Cholera of PLoSNegl Trop Dis. 14(4) f. Samanta P, Mandal R.S., Saha R.N, Shaw S, Ghosh P, Dutta S, Ghosh Amit, Imamura D, Morita M, Ohnishi M, Ramamurthy T, Mukhopadhyay AK (2020). Apoint mutation is involved in the emergence of Polymixin B-sensitive V. CholeraeO1 El Tor biotype by influencing gene transcription. Infect. Immun 88 (5) Epub 2020, Apr 20

4. Collaborations Dr. T. Ramamurty, THSTI, Faridabad Dr. A. K. Mukhopadhyay ICMR-NICED, Kolkata

5. Award/Honour/Recognition a. Prof. Archana Sharma and Prof. A.K. Sharma Oration Archana Sharma Foundation of Calcutta b. Chairman, Programme Advisory Committee, Health Care Technology IMPRINT-2, Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) c. Member, Board of Governors National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education Research (NIPER), Kolkata (Ministry of Chemical and Fertilizers, Govt. of India)

6. Invited Talk(s)/ Lectures(s) delivered a. Prof. Archana and Prof. AK Sharma Oration, Kolkata, Archana Sharma Foundation of Calcutta April 30,2019 b. Pratt Memorial School, Kolkata June 27, 2019 c. Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad July 9, 2019 d. Jhargram EkalabyaVidyalaya, Jhargram, WB August 22, 2019 e. Sister Nivedita University, Kolkata September 25, 2019 f. Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute (CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat October 19, 2019 g. Institute of Microbial technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh January 9, 2020 h. Department of Biotechnology, Punjab University, Chandigarh January 10, 2020

2.2.2 Scientific/Research Contributions of NASI Senior Scientists Platinum Jubilee Fellows

1. Prof. Saraswathi Vishveshwara Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Network Approaches for understanding Structure-Function Relations in Proteins Beta2 Adrenergic Receptor structures bound to activating and inhibiting ligands have been explored to understand the changes in molecular networks, using the Protein Structure Network (PSN) method developed in our lab. A manuscript preparation for submission is under progress. In a larger context, Beta2 Adrenergic Receptor belongs to the ubiquitous GPCR family of proteins. Encouraged by the results, we have initiated similar studies on other GPCRs and structurally related families, including Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Receptor (ACE2/AT2 Receptor), which is expected to add to our understanding of the current pandemic SARS-COV2 viral entry into the human cell. Another project is related to our collaboration with Professor Sridhar Mani of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York. Our contribution to the mega-project on Targeting the pregnane X receptor (PXR) using microbial metabolite mimicry initiated by Prof. Mani, has been to identify productive modes of microbial metabolite derivatives to the PXR nuclear receptor through docking methods. This article has recently appeared in EMBO Molecular Medicine.

2. Significant research/scientific findings a. The side chain network landscape in Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor: About a dozen high resolution crystal structures and cryo-EM structures have been selected for our analysis of Protein Structure Network. The networks generated for these structures by the graph spectral studies are quantitatively compared and visually examined through softwares such as Pymol and Cytoscape. The differences in the network patterns are compared with their biological functions. A manuscript for submission is under preparation. b. Targeting the pregnane X receptor (PXR) using microbial metabolite mimicry: This project is an extension of our earlier work on conformational dynamics in Pregnane X Receptor(PXR), reported in 2018, which led to a fruitful collaboration with Prof. Sridhar Mani of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York. In the mega-project [publication (2) given below] undertaken by Prof. Mani, our contribution has been to obtain docking modes and their binding energies of the microbial metabolite derivatives on to human PXR.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Vasundhara Gadiyaram, Smitha Vishveshwara and Saraswathi Vishveshwara (2019) “From Quantum Chemistry to Networks in Biology: A Graph Spectral Approach to Protein Structure Analyses” J Chem. Inf. Model. 2019, 59, 5, 1715-1727 doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00002 (This publication appeared on-line on March 26, 2019. Subsequently an Editorial on “Special Issue: Women in Computational Chemistry” was Published on May 28, 2019, (J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2019, 59, 1683−1692 doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00368) in which the above contribution is highlighted in page 1689) and it has also received news coverage by the American Chemical Society. (https://axial.acs.org/2019/05/23/protein-structure-analysis/) ii. Zdenek Dvorák, Aneesh Chandran, Saraswathi Vishveshwara, Sridhar Mani (Total of 22 groups contributed), (2020) “Targeting the pregnane X receptor using microbial metabolite mimicry” EMBO Mol Med 12:e11621, doi.org/10.15252/emmm.201911621

4. Patents filed/collaborations established Continued collaboration with Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York, Auburn University, USA, and University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, USA.

2. Prof. Ashwani Kumar Rai Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Nitrogen is one of the most limiting nutrients for plants and is often required in high amount. Availability of synthetic N has made it possible to increase the crop productivity, but its environmental cost is immense, which cautions to reduce the application of synthetic N- fertilizers. To accomplish the task, approach should be to improve the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the crops and stimulate biological nitrogen fixation. Cyanobacteria (an integral part of the microbial community of rice paddy and sugarcane fields) and Azolla-Anabaena complex are useful alternative of synthetic N-fertilizers for agriculture development as they are environment-friendly and economical.

2. Significant research/scientific findings Until date, synthetic N-fertilizer supports nearly half of the world‟s population through increased food production. On the other hand, it exerts significant negative effect on the resources such as energy and its cost, underground water depletion and contamination of drinking water, loss of cultivable land to salinization, and the environment due to greenhouse gas emissions, depletion of stratospheric ozone, eutrophication of water bodies and climate change. To bring down the use of synthetic N in agriculture and at the same time increasing crop productivity is a challenge to the scientists, technologists and policy makers. The two listed publications give a comprehensive review of the viable options to achieve this goal. First is to increase the NUE in crops, which can increase the crop productivity with lesser N input as well as reduce the environmental pollution and save the nonrenewable resources. To realize the goal, it requires implementation of new technologies, management practices at the farm scale such as slow-release fertilizers and their application via irrigation water, nitrification, urease inhibitors, mixed cropping and government policies. The second is to encourage biological nitrogen fixation, and considering the ways to develop successful symbiotic (cyanobacterial/ bacterial) nitrogen fixing crops. While algalisation of the field is cheap and easy, application of Azolla-Anabaena complex is labor intensive. Substantial biological N2- fixation can be achieved by inoculating the fields with competent N2-fixing cyanobacteria and Azolla-Anabaena complex tolerant to adverse conditions, treating seeds with bacteria that allow a plant to produce its own fertilizer, engineering crops (with nif genes), identification of typical symbiosis-related genes and construct new symbiotic crop systems.

3. Publications during the period of report 1. Rai, A.K. 2018. Agricultural nitrogen management for sustainable development and global food security. J Sci Res 63: 75-84 2. Rai, A.K. and Sharma N.K. (2019). The agro-ecosystem engineers: Cyanobacteria and Azolla. In: New Vistas in Indian Flora, Lalji Singh and Vinay Ranjan (Ed.), Bishan Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun (in press)

4. Invited Talk(s)/ Lecture(s) delivered i. „Biological Nitrogen Fixation for Sustainable Agriculture and Global Food Security‟ delivered on September 28, 2019 at Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar. ii. Addressed as keynote speaker on World Rabies Day 2019 held at Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar.

Fig. 1 An overview of cyanobacterial role in soil ecosystem an its beneficial products

Fig. 2 Primary methods of Azolla application in rice paddy

3. Dr. K P Singh Botanical Survey of India, Prayagraj

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Revision and reassessment of Lichenized genus Porina Ach. (Porinaceae) from India and preparation of an identification manual of macrolichens of biodiversity hotspot: Arunachal Pradesh.

2. Significant research/scientific findings During the period under report, studies on the genus Porina in India and Macrolichens of Arunachal Pradesh were continued to achieve the objectives: i. 30 species of genus Porina have been worked out on the basis of specimens taken on loan from different Indian herbaria and prepared a detailed account. ii. About 150 specimens of macro lichens of Arunachal Pradesh area were studied according to well established lichen techniques and characterized in to genera Pyxine with 20 species, Hypotrachyna with 27 species, Parmotrema with 28 species, Ramalina with 8 species etc. A draft of an identification manual of lichens of Arunachal Pradesh dealing with 405 species distributed under 60 genera is prepared and will be finalized in due course of time for final publication. During this study, 2 new species, one each in Heterodermia and Usnea and 7 new records viz. Cladonia melaleuca Nuno, C. tenuicaulis Nuno, Heterodermia ulothricoides (Vain.) Vain., Lobaria chinensis Yoshim., Malmidea subgranifera (Kalb & Elix) Kalb & Elix., Pyxine convexior (Mull. Arg.) Swinsc & Krog., Thelotrema porinaceum Müll.Arg. from India were discovered. A paper on new distributional records of Usnea Dell ex Adams with a key to all species from the biodiversity hotspot Arunachal Pradesh, was also communicated for the publication. iii. In addition to above, 5 new combinations and 6 new synonyms were made in the family Graphidaceae on the basis of study of type specimens preserved in different herbaria.

3. Publications during the period of the report i. Singh P. & K. P. Singh 2019. Two new records of lichens for India from Maharashtra, India. Indian J. Forest. 42(4):105-108 ii. Singh P. & K. P. Singh 2020. New combination and synonyms in Graphidaceae (lichenised ascomycota) from India. The Lichenologist. 52:1-6. Doi 10.1017/500242829200000434

4. Invited Talk(s)/ Lecture(s) delivered i. Participated and co-chaired the session on „Floristics and Biodiversity‟ in an International Symposium on Plant taxonomy and Ethnobotany, organized by BSI, MoEFCC at Lalit Great Eastern Hotel, Kolakata on 13.02.2020. ii. Participated (by RA) and presented a poster paper entitled „Assessment of lichen diversity in the state of Arunachal Pradesh, a biodiversity hotspot in North-East India‟ in an International Symposium on Plant taxonomy and Ethnobotany organized by BSI, MoEFCC at Lalit great Eastern Hotel, Kolakata from 13.02.2020 to 14.02.2020 (Abstract published on page 274).

1 2

Fig.1. Umbilicaria indica Frey. A high temperate sexicolous macrolichen from Arunachal Pradesh contains Gyrophoric acid; Fig.2. Menegazzia terebrata (Hoffm.) Massal. A temperate macrolichen growing usually on the bark of trees contains atranorin, stictic and physodalic acids.

4. Dr. O N Srivastava Department of Physics, BHU, Varanasi

1. Title/Theme of the work being done In the researches being carried out under the NASI Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellowship 2019, focus is on investigation of synthesis, characterization and hydrogenation behaviors of special solids capable of storing hydrogen upto 4.5wt% which is the DOE prescribed limit presently. In the year 2019-2020, particular attention has been made on the storage materials MgH2, and Mg (NH2)2 / LiH. The deployment of graphene has been done in order to avoid aggregation of the hydride and catalyst nanoparticles. For MgH2, transition metal nanopartilces, particularly Fe, Ni, Ti, Co and their alloys have been employed. For Mg (N H2)2 / LiH special in situ catalysts have been employed by reacting the materials with LiBH4. In both of the above cases significant improvement in decrease of desorption temperature by about 100oC and improvement in activation energy by about 30% have been achieved. Further research is going on.

2. Significant research/scientific findings Performed extensive research on Nanoscience and Nanoparticles. The work has been collaborated/ published as follows:  Multiple improvements of hydrogen sorption and their mechanism for MgH2 catalyzed through TiH2@Gr  A dual borohydride (Li and Na borohydride) catalyst/additive together with intermetallic FeTi for the optimization of the hydrogen sorption characteristics of Mg (NH2)2/2LiH  On the synthesis, characterization and hydrogen storage behavior of ZrFe2 catalyzed LieMgeNeH hydrogen storage material  Ternary transition metal alloy FeCoNi nanoparticles on graphene as new catalyst for hydrogen sorption in MgH2

3. Patents filed/collaborations established Collaboration with Prof. Karl Johnson of Pittsburgh University, USA under the MHRD (SPARC Programme) has been established in 2019. Presently, one researcher working with me, viz. Shri Pawan K Soni is carrying out research with Prof. Karl Johnson at PU (USA).

4. Award/Honour/Recognition Awarded DST Nano Science Mission National Research Award of 2019 (award conferred by Bharat Ratna Prof. CNR Rao).

5. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered i. Prospects and perspectives of Nano Science and Technology; Keynote lecture on February 28, 2020 at Jaypee University, Noida. ii. Hydrogen Storage: Recent Developments; DST Conference / Meeting at IISER Trivandrum on February 27, 2020. iii. Invited review talked in ISRO Meeting at Trivandrum on February 14, 2020.

5. Prof. Veena Tandon Biotech Park, Lucknow

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Massively Parallel Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis of Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex, a zoonotic intestinal worm parasite in India. Food-borne intestinal trematodiasis caused by Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex (Fig.1) of the family Echinostomatidae is an emerging yet neglected public health disease worldwide. It is commonly occurring as natural infection in pigs and dogs. The human infection is acquired by ingestion of raw or poorly-cooked freshwater mollusks, fishes and tadpoles. Pila (a snail) is the main source of transmission of infection to humans in rural plains of India. In many areas of eastern UP and neighboring Bihar, this fluke infection is emerging in newer endemic foci. The draft whole genome of A. sufrartyfex (deposited in NCBI GenBank: BioProject Accession no.: PRJNA246746) is completed and WGS analysis is underway. The Fig.1 A. sufrartyfex complete mitochondrial DNA genome is also annotated from the WGS and is updated at NCBI REFSEQ database.

2. Significant research/scientific findings Project work progressed as detailed vide infra:  The circular mitochondrial DNA genome of Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex isolate from Shillong was sequenced with complete genes annotations at NCBI (Refseq accession no. NC_037150). The mt genome is 14,567 bp in length, containing 36 genes, including 12 protein-coding genes (cox1-3, nad1-6, nad4L, atp6 and cytb), 24 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rrnL and rrnS). As is common among trematodes, an atp8 gene was absent from the mitogenome of A. sufrartyfex and the 50 end of nad4 overlapped with the 30 end of nad4L by 40 bp (Fig.2). 58

 The complete mt genome sequence has a base composition of A- 19%, 2790 nt; G- 26%, 3903 nt; T - 45%, 6338 nt; and C - 10%; 1551nt, demonstrating an obvious bias of high GC content (37.40%).  Phylogenetic tree of mt genome sequence of A. sufrartyfex (constructed based on NJ analysis using Phylip and MEGA X programs and Ogmocotyle sikae as the outgroup) suggested that it is most closely related to Echinostoma caproni (Fig.3).  Comparative phylogenetic analyses were based on rDNA (ITS2, 5.8S and 28S) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (mt CO1) sequences of A. sufrartyfex isolate from Shillong and other Echinostomatidae trematode species (that are available in public domain).  The multiple sequence alignment (MSA) analysis of all echinostomid sequences revealed marker-wise extent of similarity or dissimilarity among the various species and resolved the phylogenetic interrelationships of the taxa within Family Echinostomatidae.  In most of the trees, the taxa were grouped into two major clades; A. sufrartyfex clustered close to Hypoderaeum conoideum in ITS1, ITS2 and 28S trees whereas in mtCOI its position was revealed close to Petagifer sp.  The phylogeny and characterization of additional mt DNA genes sequences in A. sufrartyfex will be useful for biomedical studies and development of molecular tools and mitochondrial markers for diagnostic, identification, hybridization and phylogenetic/ epidemiological/ evolutionary studies.  The NGS data of A. sufrartyfex is archived at SRA with the Bioproject accession number PRJNA246746, Biosample accession sample SAMN02769814 and SRA SRX540648.

3. Publications during the period of report Publications: Prasad YK, Dahal S, Saikia B, Bordoloi B, Tandon V, Ghatani S. 2019. Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex trematode infections in children, Bihar, India. Emerging Infectious Diseases.www.cdc.gov/eid. 25(8), 1571-1573. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid 2508. 181427 Book Chapters: Tandon V., Roy B., Shylla J.A., Ghatani S. (2019) Amphistomes. In: Toledo R., Fried B. (eds) Digenetic Trematodes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1154. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_9

4. Award/Honour/Recognition i. NASI‟s Prof. V.P. Sharma Memorial Lecture Award (2019) ii. Outstanding Scientist Award- conferred by Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur on November 08, 2019 iii. Achievers‟ Award-2019 - Punjab University Alumni Association (PUAA) Global Annual Alumni Meet 28-29 November, 2019, Chandigarh iv. Editor-In-Chief- Journal of Parasitic Diseases (Springer) - 2016 onwards… continuing.

5. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered i. Delivered a talk on Ethics in Science Research Communication, in a Technical Session on „Scientific Communication: Paper writing‟ in a Workshop on Promoting entrepreneurship among Women in Science organized by NASI–Lucknow Chapter on June 19-20,2019 in association with Biotech Consortium India Limited, New Delhi. ii. Delivered a lecture on „Omics‟ Technologies: Integration in Biology Today‟ on September 4-6, 2019 in the Special Lectures Series on the theme Omics to Bio-economy through Skill Development Innovation, organized by the experts of NASI and Biotech Park (Lucknow) at Sikkim University (SU), Tadong, Gangtok; attended a Special Lecture on Bio-Economy and Sustainable Development at SRM University, Tadong Campus, Gangtok.

iii. Delivered a talk on Ethics in Science Research Communication, in a Technical Session on „Science Paper Writing‟ held during a Science & Technology Sensitization Programme for Women organized by NASI, on November 6-7, 2019 at Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh. iv. Delivered an invited talk on Emerging worm-borne zoonoses: Health concerns and challenges in India in a Wellness Con-2019, in International Conference on Wellness, organized by University Institute of Health Sciences, CSJM University, Kanpur and Social Organization 'Prayatna' on November 8-10, 2019. v. Delivered an invited talk on Advances in Biotechnology: Integration of „Omics‟ Technologies in Biology Today in a National Conference on „Advances in Biotechnological Researches in Plants, Animals and Microorganisms during last 10 Years‟ organized by M.N. College & Research Institute, Bikaner (Rajasthan) on December, 2019.

Fig 2: Circular mitochondrial DNA genome map of Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex isolate Shillong

Fig 3. Phylogenetic tree of mt genome of Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex isolate Shillong and other trematodes

6. Prof. A C Kunwar NMR Group, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad

Designing novel molecules with well-defined folding propensity referred to as „foldamers‟, is an active area of research. Our aim has been to investigate a variety of folding patterns involving peptidic foldamers. In addition, the problems in collaboration with synthetic organic chemists, to decipher as well as revise the structures (as against the reports in the literature) have been challenging. During this period the following projects were addressed and completed: 1. Revision of the structures of relgro and 10-oxyrelgro. The group of Dr. D. K. Mohapatra and Dr. J. S. Yadav is involved in developing the total synthesis of biologically important natural products. They have recently completed the total synthesis of relgro and 10‟-deoxyrelgro (Figure 1), which were isolated in 2016 from the fungus obtained from the leaves of T. hemprichii seagrass found in Trang Province, Thailand. With very limited amounts of these compounds available, though, some of the experiments could not be performed; this provided the impetus for their total synthesis.

Structurally, relgro (A) and 10-oxorelgro (B) possess a 10-membered macrolactone core. Relgro has two stereogenic centres at C-6 (in the ring) and C-10 whereas 10-oxorelgro has only one stereocentre at C-6 and carbonyl functionality at C-10 position. With the help of extensive NMR and CD experiments, we have assigned the stereochemistry at these centres and found that the structures of these molecules require corrections from those shown in the Figure 1. Thus, the correct structures of relgro should be with (6S, 10S)- configuration and 10-relgro with (6-S)-configuration. (published in Org. Biol. Chem., 17, 5601- 5614(2019)).

Fig 1: A. Reported structures of relgro B. Structures of 10-oxorelgro

2. Synthesis and structure of Curvulone B: Curvulone B (Figure 2), derived from fungi, featuring a 2, 6-disubstituted cis-tetrahydropyran ring (THP), displays antitumor, antifungal and cytotoxic activity. Our colleagues (Dr. D. K. Mohapatra and group) have carried out an efficient synthesis of curvulone B, using tendom isomerization followed by C-O and C-C-bond formation. Detailed NMR studies have been performed to fully characterize the molecule obtained from a short eight step synthesis and the findings should be consolidated and reported shortly.

Fig 2: Structure of curvulone B

Publication  Total synthesis and stereochemical revision of relgro and 10‟-oxorelgro, J. Gaddam, G. S. Reddy, K. Marumudi, A. C. Kunwar, J. S. Yadav and D. K. Mohapatra. Org. Biomol. Chem., 17, 5601-5614 (2019)

7. Dr. Hemanta K Majumder CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata

1. Title/Theme of the work being done DNA topoisomerases targeted therapeutics. The project is focused on the development of molecules targeted to type IB and type II DNA topoisomerases of Leishmania donovani. Simultaneously topoisomerase associated DNA damages in Leishmania and their repair processes are also being investigated. A number of synthetic and natural compounds have been identified as eukaryotic topoisomerase inhibitors. Few of them target human topoisomerase whereas some of them have been established as inhibitors of Leishmania donovani topoisomerases. The compounds which inhibit type IB topoisomerase of L. donovani (LdTOPIB) are: (i) Voacamine, an indole alkaloid isolated from plant Tabernaemontana coronaria (SR Chowdhury et. al., 2017) (ii) Copper salisylaldoxamine, a transition metal complex (MK Singh et. al.,2017) (iii) Cadambine (SR Chowdhury et. al., manuscript in preparation) The other compounds are: (iii) Calothrixins B and their deoxygenated analogues which are inhibitors of human DNA topoisomerase II (B Muthu Ramalingam et. al., 2018, J Karunakaran et. al., 2019) (iv) An isobenzofuranone compound JVPH3, an inhibitor of type 2 topoisomerase of L. donovani (LdTOPII (SR Chowdhury et. al., 2018).

2. Significant research/scientific findings The detailed mechanisms of action of Voacamine, Copper salisylaldoxamine, Cadambine, Calothrixins B and their deoxygenated analogues, an isobenzofuranone compound JVPH3 and phenotypic changes occurring in the parasite have also been extensively investigated. Additionally, through collaboration with the laboratory of Prof. Wanderley De Souza, Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, we have evaluated the cytotoxicity and ultrastructural alterations caused by Voacamine, Cadambine and JVPH3 in two Brazilian parasites L. amazonensis and T. cruzi. Towards understanding the repair processes of the damages induced by DNA topoisomerases targeted compounds, the current investigation has resulted in identification of Meiotic Recombination Protein 11 in L. donovani (LdMRE11). We have cloned and sequenced Mre11 gene (LdMRE11) from L. donovani for the first time. LdMRE11 is overexpressed in the parasite when the parasite comes under the stress of LdTOP1B targeted compounds. To understand the in vivo role of LdMRE11, we have generated MRE11 knockout parasites (LdMRE11-/-). Experiments are underway to understand the repair pathways in details. So far our study provides the first mechanistic insight into the functioning of MRE11 in Leishmania in response to topoisomerase IB poisoning. Parallel to basic research, we have published a review highlighting the unique attributes associated with the structures and functions of topoisomerases from the unicellular pathogens, with special reference to bacteria and pro- tozoan parasites (SR Chowdhury & HK Majumder, 2019).

3. Publications during the period of report A. Peer reviewed journals i. DNA Topoisomerases in unicellular pathogens: Structure, Function and Drug ability. Chowdhury SR and Majumder HK*. Trends Biochem Sci (2019) 44(5):415-432. [I.F.16.889] ii. DNA Topoisomerases of Kinetoplastid Parasites: Brief Overview and Recent Perspectives. Saha S, Chowdhury SR, Majumder HK*. Curr Issues Mol Biol (2019) 31:45-62. [I.F. 2.511] iii. Divergent Synthesis and Evaluation of the in vitro Cytotoxicity Profiles of 3,4- Ethylene- dioxythiophenyl-2-propen-1-one Analogues. Karunakaran J, Dhatchana Moorthy N, Chowd- hury SR, Iqbal S, Majumder HK, Gunasekaran K, Vellaichamy E, Mohanakrishnan AK. ChemMedChem (2019) 14(15):1418-1430. [I.F. 3.016]

B. Conference proceedings (within India) i. Somenath Roy Chowdhury and Hemanta K. Majumder*. Topoisomerase 1B-associated cleavage complex (TOP1Bcc) induced ultrastructural alterations and TOP1Bcc-repair mechanism in Leishmania donovani: A Therapeutic perspective. Proceedings of 7th International Symposium on Current Trends in Drug Discovery Research, February 20-23, 2019, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow [BEST ORAL PRESENTATION AWARD to Dr. Somenath Roy Chowdhury] ii. Somenath Roy Chowdhury and Hemanta K. Majumder*. Understanding the Topoiso- merase 1B-associated cleavage complex (TOP1Bcc) induced damage and TOP1Bcc-repair proteins in Leishmania donovani. Proceedings of National Conference on Bioengineering-2019, December 6-7, 2019, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela [IN- VITED LECTURE by Dr. Somenath Roy Chowdhury] iii. Somenath Roy Chowdhury and Hemanta K. Majumder*. Functional insight into Voa- camine induced TOPcc-associated cytotoxicity & ultrastructural alterations and the role of MRE11 to reverse stabilized TOPcc in kinetoplastid pathogen Leishmania donovani. Proceedings of 19th All India Congress of Genetics and Genomics, December 2-4, 2019 CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata (Oral presentation by Dr. Somenath Roy Chowdhury in Young Scientists‟ Session).

C. Conference proceedings (outside India)  Somenath Roy Chowdhury and Hemanta K. Majumder*. Understanding the Topoiso- merase 1B-associated cleavage complex (TOP1Bcc) induced damage and TOP1Bcc-repair mechanism in the kinetoplastid pathogen Leishmania donovani. Proceedings of EMBO Work- shop on DNA Topology and Topoisomerases in Genome Dynamics, September 16-20, 2019, Eurotel Victoria, Les Diablerets, Switzerland. [Poster presentation by Dr. Somenath Roy Chowdhury] - (EMBO Travel Grant and TATA Trust Professional Enhancement Grant to Dr. Somenath Roy Chowdhury for fulfilment of registration fee and air-fare)

4. Award/Honour/Recognition i. Chancellor‟s Nominee for the Court of Kalyani University ii. Member, Board of Studies, Assam University, Silchar iii. Member of the Board of Studies in Department of Microbiology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata iv. Honorary Director, The Advanced Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata v. Adjunct Professor, Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta 64

vi. Sir C. V. Raman Birth Centenary Award (2019) by Indian Science Congress Association at 106th Indian Science Congress at Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, on January 3 - 7, 2019 vii. President, NASI Local Chapter, Kolkata viii. Convener, INSA Local Chapter, Kolkata ix. Selected as Council Member, Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi

5. Invited Talk(s) /Lecture(s) delivered i. Delivered Keynote Address entitled „Leishmania-an old enemy‟ in the symposium „Microbes in our life‟ at Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College, on May 07, 2019. ii. Delivered a lecture entitled „DNA topoisomerases of Leishmania: Why so interesting?‟ at School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, on November 7, 2019. iii. Delivered a lecture entitled „Latest Story of DNA topoisomerases of Leishmania‟ in Guha Research Conference at Hotel Rajwara, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, on December 6, 2019.

8. Prof. K T Jacob Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Thermodynamic Properties of Materials and Phase Equilibria in Systems for use in Emission Control and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2. Significant research/scientific findings a) Thermodynamic properties of PrRhO3 and phase diagrams of the systems Pr- Rh- O and Ce-Rh-O As continuation of the earlier studies under this programme on thermodynamic properties of lanthanide rhodites and phase diagrams of the systems Ln-Rh-O, studies PrRhO3 and phase diagrams of the systems Pr-Rh-O and Ce-Rh-O were completed and published. The compound CeRhO3 is found to be thermodynamically unstable, although may exist as a metastable phase under certain restricted conditions. Hence, there is a major advantage in choosing CeO2 as the substrate for Rh nano-catalysts in contrast to other lanthanide oxides. b) Sensor for Mg in liquid Al Control of Mg during remelting and reprocessing of scrap Al is technically challenging. In order to improve processing, an on-line sensor for Mg was developed in a collaborative work with the group of Prof. G. M. Kale at Leeds University, UK. The full details are available in the publication listed below. c) Reactive Interdiffusion Reactive interdiffusion is an interesting method for developing multi-phase composition- graded structures. In collaboration with Dr. S.N.S. Reddy of IBM corporation, studies were conducted on the couple Fe/(Mg,Co,Ni)TiO3 couple. Some illustrative slides showing the results of this study are provided under highlights. A detailed analysis is underway and the results will be published.

Highlights (Some graphical results of interdiffusion studies):

3. Publications during the period of report i. Thermodynamic properties of and phase diagrams of the system Pr–Rh–O, K.T. Jacob and S. Muraleedharan, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., vol. 102, 2019, 7617-7627. (https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16606) ii. Phase equilibria in the system Ce-Pd-O, K.T. Jacob and S. Muraleedharan, Calphad, vol. 66, 2019, 101640. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101640) iii. Assessment of MgZr4P6O24 as a solid electrolyte for sensing Mg in molten non- ferrous alloys, M. Adamu1, K.T. Jacob and G.M. Kale, J. Electrochem. Soc., vol.167, 027532, 2020

4. Award/Honour/Recognition Received Professor Jai Krishna Memorial Award of Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) - 2019.

9. Prof. Dipankar Home Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science, Bose Institute, Kolkata

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Interplay between Quantum Foundations and Quantum Information Investigations are being pursued on topical issues related to Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and their interplay with Quantum Information Theoretic Applications spanning various protocols of Quantum Communication and Quantum Cryptography. This line of study is significant in the context of exploring facets of Quantum Superposition and Quantum Entanglement towards revealing novel quantum effects, yielding fresh conceptual insights into fundamental aspects of Quantum Mechanics, as well as ushering in practical applications at the cutting-edge of Quantum Technology concerning Information Transfer and Processing which currently constitute one of the cardinal research directions in modern physics.

2. Significant research/scientific findings i) Persistence of quantum violation of macrorealism for large spins even under coarsening of measurement times‟, Physical Review A 100,042114 (2019). The quantum violation of macrorealism for multilevel spin systems has been investigated under coarsening of measurement times, i.e. when measurement times have experimental indeterminacy together with the effect of coarsening of measurement outcomes for which the individual outcomes cannot be unambiguously discriminated. This treatment in terms of appropriate macrorealist conditions reveals that in the limit of large spin, the quantum violation of macrorealism continues to persist. Thus, our work demonstrates an important result that classicality for large spins does not emerge from quantum mechanics in spite of the coarsening of both measurement times and measurement outcomes. ii) „Revisiting comparison between entanglement measures for two-qubit pure states‟, Journal of the Optical Society of America B 37, 157 (2020). Given a non-maximally entangled state, an operationally significant question is to quantitatively assess as to what extent the state is away from the maximally entangled state which is of importance in evaluating the efficacy of the state for its various uses as a resource. It is this question which is examined in this paper for two-qubit pure entangled states in terms of different entanglement measures like Negativity, Logarithmic Negativity and Entanglement of Formation. This analysis is complemented by empirical results obtained from a suitably planned experimental study showing a hitherto unexplored feature of an appreciable amount of quantitative non-equivalence between the various entanglement measures in addressing the experimentally relevant question considered in the present paper. iii) „Pearson Correlation Coefficient as a measure for Certifying and Quantifying High Dimensional Entanglement‟, submitted for publication; arXiv: 09.01372. In this paper we have made a comprehensive study of the efficacy of an entanglement characterizing scheme for a range of bipartite qutrit states by considering suitable combinations of Pearson Correlation Coefficients (PCCs) based on a limited number of measurements. For this purpose, the issue of necessary and sufficient certification together with quantification of entanglement have been analysed for different two-qutrit states comprising maximally entangled state mixed with white noise and coloured noise respectively.

3. Publications during the period of report i) Persistence of Quantum Violation of Macrorealism for large spins even under coarsening of Measurement Times; S. Mukherjee, A. Rudra, D. Das, S. Mal and D. Home. Physical Review A 100, 042114 (2019) ii) Revisiting Comparison between Entanglement Measures for two-qubit pure states; Ashutosh Singh, Ijaz Ahamed, Dipankar Home, Urbasi Sinha. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 37, 157 (2020) iii) Pearson Correlation Coefficient as a measure for Certifying and Quantifying High Dimensional Entanglement; C. Jebarathinam, Dipankar Home, Urbasi Sinha. Submitted for publication, arXiv: 1909.01372 iv) Origin of Quantum Advantage in the optimally assisted Random Access Code Protocols; Som Kanjilal, C. Jebarathinam, Tomasz Paterek and Dipankar Home. Submitted for publication, arXiv: 1912:09900

4. Patents filed/collaborations established Co-investigator of the following Research Projects funded by Dept. of Science and Technology, Govt. of India: (a) A cheap, light, compact source for QKD based on intraparticle entanglement in an integrated photonic circuit, with Prof. Urbasi Sinha (Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru) as principal investigator, under the International India-Trento Programme for Advanced Research. (b) Applications of Quantum Information, with Prof. Archan S. Majumdar (S. N. Bose National Centre For Basic Sciences, Kolkata) as principal investigator, under the Quantum Enabled Science and Technology programme.

5. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered (a) Invited talk delivered at the International Symposium Celebrating Sir Anthony Leggett’s 80th Birth Anniversary, on February 3-4, 2019 at Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru. (b) Invited talk on September 3, 2019 at the Imperial College, London. (c) Invited talk on September 6, 2019 at the University College, London. (d) Invited talk during the International Conference on Quantum Foundations, Technology and Applications (QFTA), held on October 18-21, 2019; also at the QFTA Workshop on October 17-18, 2019 at IISER, Mohali.

10. Prof. N K Lohiya Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur

1. Title/Theme of the work being done The project entitled Evaluation of anticancer effects of Carica papaya leaves/seeds extract (s) on prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3 was proposed to evaluate the anticancer effects of different formulations of the extracts from C. papaya on two different prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3, and to further delineate the molecular mechanism involved.

2. Significant research/scientific findings In our initial study we prepared chloroform extracts of Carica papaya leaves and seeds through soxhlet extraction in chloroform and viability of LNCaP and PC-3 cells were tested through MTT-based assay to determine anti-proliferative response. Highlights of the work done are: i. Maximum cell death was observed at concentration of 50 mg/ml in LNCaP after 72 hr treatment. ii. Significant inhibition in cell proliferation was observed in PC-3 cells treated with 1mg (40%; P< 0.001) and 2 mg C. papaya leaves extract (52.5%, P<0.001). iii. Cell cycle evaluation method was standardized by flow cytometry based Propidium Iodide (PI) staining. iv. 50 and 100 µg/ml of C. papaya extract was found to arrest the cell cycle in the G1 phase and also reduced the amount of cells in the S phase as observed in LNCaP cells. v. Expression of Cyclin-B1/β-actin was also evaluated by immunoblotting. Increase in expression of Cyclin-B1 was observed in LNCaP cells treated with 50 ug/ml of C. papaya leaves extract.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Badar A, Pachera S, Ansari AS and Lohiya NK. Nano based drug delivery systems: Present and future prospects. Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Journal 2(1):121, 1-9 (2019) ii. Khilwani B, Badar A, Ansari AS and Lohiya NK. RISUG® as a male contraceptive: Journey from bench to bedside. Basic and Clinical Andrology 30 (2), 1-12 (2020) [Impact Factor: 2.68] https://doi.org/10.1186/s12610-020-0099-1 iii. Ansari AS, Sonu, Dhaked RK, Badar A, Khilwani B and Lohiya NK. Reproductive functions and toxicology following scrotal ultrasound therapy in rats International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences 7 (2): 15-24 (2020) [Impact Factor: 1.031] iv. Ansari AS, Sevliya K, Badar A and Lohiya NK. Studies on RISUG® induced intratubular contraception and its reversal in female albino rats. International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine (In Press) [Impact Factor: 1.470]

4. Patents filed/collaborations established i. Memorandum of Understanding with the Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR – Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar (Malpura) Distt. Tonk (Raj.) ii. Memorandum of Understanding with Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer (Raj.)

5. Award/Honour/Recognition Editor–in-Chief for the Journal of Reproductive Health and Medicine (https://jrhm.org/), an official publication of ISSRF, published by the Scientific Scholar LLC, USA (https://scientificscholar.com) w. e. f. March 1, 2020.

6. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered i. Chaired a Scientific Session in a Dialogue between Health Science Experts towards a Road-Map for Health Research, Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in Rajasthan organized by NASI Jaipur/Rajasthan Chapter on April 18, 2019 at JNU, Jaipur. ii. Participated (as a member) in the Talwar Research Foundation Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) Meeting on April 30, 2019 at Talwar Research Foundation, New Delhi. iii. Delivered a Special Lecture on „Scientific Innovations for Betterment of Human Health‟ during a seminar on „Science Media Research: Science Creatives and Media School for Scientists and Media‟ held on June 5, 2019 at CSIR-CEERI, Pilani (Jaipur centre). iv. Delivered an invited talk on „Current Trends in Contraception: Opportunities and Challenges for Population Control in Dogs and Cats‟ in a National Symposium organized by Tamil Nadu, Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, during September 19-20, 2019. v. Addressed as President-ISSRF; and also delivered an invited lecture on „Infertility & ART‟ during a National Conference on „Changes in Lifestyle Influencing Adolescent Health‟, organized by S. S. Jain Subodh P. G. College, Jaipur during September 28-29, 2019. vi. Delivered a Keynote Address on „Changing Lifestyle and Challenges in Reproductive Health‟ during a National Symposium on „Impact of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors on Reproductive Health and Fertility‟ organized by Department of Veterinary Gynecology & Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati on October 16, 2019. vii. Participated in a live programme „Dharti Dhora Ri‟ telecast on Doordarshan Jaipur on November 1, 2019 during 8.45 to 9.30 am. viii. Participated in the seminar on „Science and Technology: Rural Development‟ organized under ISCA-Rajasthan chapter, by the Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur during November 11-12, 2019. Chaired a Scientific Session and delivered an Invited Talk on „Technology Developments and Rural Health‟. ix. Delivered an Interactive Talk on „Scientific Developments and Adolescent Health‟ during DST Inspire Camp on November 28, 2019 at Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur. x. Delivered an invited talk during a National Seminar on „Adolescent Health with Emphasis on Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases‟, organized by S.S. Jain Subodh College of Global Excellence, Sitapura, Jaipur under the auspices of Indian Society for the Study of Reproduction & Fertility (ISSRF) on January 11, 2020. xi. Chaired a Scientific Session in the World Congress on Cancer held during February 3-5, 2018 at Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology (MGUMST), Jaipur. xii. Addressed as President-ISSRF and Chaired a Scientific Session during World Congress on „Reproductive Health with Emphasis on Reproductive Cancers, Infertility and Assisted Reproduction (ISSRF-2020)‟ organized by the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University (SMVDU), Katra, Jammu and Kashmir during February 14-16, 2020. xiii. Chaired a Scientific Session during the SAPICON 2020: XXVIII Annual Conference & National Symposium on „Physiological approaches to address environmental challenges

xiv. for increasing animal productivity and farmer's income‟ organized by ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan during February 18-19, 2020. xv. Participated in the Golden Jubilee Conference and chaired a session during International conference on „Women's Reproductive Health: A step towards improving quality of life‟, held during February 21-23, 2020 organized by ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai. xvi. Participated as a resource person during Refresher Course in Life Science (Interdisciplinary) organized by the Department of Zoology, under the guidance of UGC- Human Resource Development Centre (HRDC), University of Rajasthan, Jaipur on February 25, 2020. xvii. Participated as the Chief Guest in a one-day National Symposium on the theme „WOMEN IN SCIENCE‟ organized by Dr. B. Lal Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur on February 25, 2020.

11. Dr. Suchitra Banerjee CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Metabolic engineering through “hairy root” cultures of Atropa belladonna – an endangered medicinal plant, for therapeutically distinctive alkaloid production alternatives and targeted derivatization of phytomolecules for value-addition.

2. Significant research/scientific findings (a) Generation of efficient production alternative: » Real-time analysis of biosynthetic pathway genes (PMT and H6H) in selected wild type HR clones In continuation to our previous efforts, all the four selected wild type HR clones of A. belladonna were subjected to qRT-PCR analysis with respect to PMT and H6H genes in parallel to quantification of their alkaloid productivity trend to evaluate the correlation. The relative expression analysis after 30th day of cultivation demonstrated higher expression of PMT gene in the maximum atropine yielding HR clone (i.e., AB HR-8), whereas the maximum scopolamine yielding HR clone (i.e., AB HR-9) showed highest expression of the H6H gene. In a nutshell, these relative expression findings substantiated the alkaloids productivity trend in the four tested HR clones within the same time interval, which indicated positive correlation between individual gene expression and specific metabolite yield. » Influence of Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation Two best alkaloid-yielding wild type HR clones (i.e., AB HR-8 for atropine; AB HR-9 for scopolamine) were subjected to MeJA elicitation followed by evaluation of their biosynthetic potentials along with gene expression profiles. Elicitation with 200 µM concentration of MeJA (48 hrs) led to maximum enhancement in the atropine and scopolamine yields in the AB HR-8 and AB HR-9 clones respectively, which was 1.21 and 1.25 times higher than that of their respective control cultures. Correspondingly, the qRT-PCR analysis also showed maximum relative expression of PMT and H6H genes in the 200 µM MeJA treated AB HR-8 and AB HR-9 clones respectively after 48 hrs of exposure, which was 1.30 and 1.14 times higher over that of their respective untreated control HR clone. In conclusion, the elicitation experimentation proved beneficial for enhancing the biosynthesis of both the targeted metabolites in the individually selected HR clones, which were also corroborated through real-time gene expression analysis.

(b) Metabolic engineering approach: » Effect of heterologous expression of glucosyltransferase (CaUGT2) gene in the transgenic HR clones. In continuation to our previous affirmative report of heterologous expression of glucosyltransferase (CaUGT2) gene in three selected A. belladonna transgenic HR clones, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of this genetic modification on the targeted alkaloids (atropine and scopolamine) biosynthesis and associated real-time biosynthetic pathway genes (PMT & H6H) expression. HPLC analysis showed the maximum content of both atropine and scopolamine in the CaUGT2-AB9 clone, which was 1.18 and 1.25 fold higher than that in the corresponding wild type AB HR-8 and AB HR-9 clone respectively (Fig. 1A). Then again, the qRT-PCR analysis revealed the maximum expression of both PMT and H6H genes in the best alkaloids producing HR clone- CaUGT2-AB9 (Fig. 1B). On the basis of the overall analysis, it is evident that the incorporation of the heterologous gene has positively influenced the inherent alkaloids production trend in the selected transgenic HR clone compared to that in the wild type HR clones. » Heterologous expression of Enoyl CoA Hydratase (ECH) gene in A. belladonna hairy root. During the present study, an attempt was also been carried out to improve the biotransformation potential of A. belladonna HR through heterologous expression of Enoyl CoA Hydratase (ECH) gene for enhancing their bioconversion efficiency towards low cost exogenous substrates (Eugenol/ Ferulic acid) to the high value end product- (Vanillin). The targeted gene (ECH) was isolated and cloned in pGreen 0029 binary vector (Fig. 2A), which was finally mobilized to Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 strain. The transgenic nature of four fast growing HR clones was confirmed through PCR using gene specific primer (Fig. 2B- C), which were subjected to further experimentations. Growth kinetic analysis revealed prominent inter-clonal variability where the maximum growth potential was observed in the transgenic ECH-AB4 HR clone (279.43 ± 3.9 % DW) as compared to the other clones: ECH- AB2 (221.56 ± 4.2 % DW) > ECH-AB1 (201.72 ± 3.1 % DW) > ECH-AB3 (169.98 ± 2.8 % DW) on the 21st day of their cultivation in half strength MS liquid medium [Fig. 2D].

(c) Broadening of the genetic base of A. belladonna germplasm through somaclonal breeding approach to assimilate wider adoptability: In continuation to our prior attempt of enriching the genetic base of A. belladonna germplasm through somaclonal breeding, the present work succeeded in raising independently regenerated plants from callus cultures and their subsequent acclimatization under glass house condition with 92 % survival frequency. The genetic variability analysis of the five randomly selected independent somaclones demonstrated 24.52 % polymorphism as compared to the parent plant. On the other hand, HPLC analysis exhibited improved biosynthetic potentials in the somaclones, where AB SC-08 exhibited 2.06 fold higher atropine content over the parent control (Fig 3A-C). At the same time, compared to the control plant, the AB SC-03 and AB SC-13 somaclone demonstrated 2.90 and 2.71 folds higher contents of scopolamine respectively (Fig. 3A-C). The overall analysis revealed successful creation of genetically variant superior somaclones possessing improved biosynthetic potentials within the existing germplasm of A. belladonna.

3. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered i. Invited talk: Delivered lecture on „Overview of Scientific Paper Writing‟, during a Workshop on „Promoting Entrepreneurship among Women in Science‟ organized by The National Academy of Sciences (NASI) in association with Biotech Consortium India Limited (BCIL), on June 19- 20, 2019, Biotech Park, Lucknow.

ii. Served as the Secretary of NASI Lucknow Chapter; and successfully organized four major events under NASI Lucknow Chapter: (a) Awareness programme on „Environment and Biodiversity‟, jointly organized by The NASI- Lucknow Chapter and „Clean and Green Environment‟ (CGES) on April 4, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. (b) Celebration of the 125th Birth Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha, the Founder President of NASI, on April 9, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. (c) „Ba and Bapu‟ Programme to celebrate the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, on April 22, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. (d) Workshop on „Promoting Entrepreneurship among Women in Science‟, organized by The National Academy of Sciences (NASI), Prayagraj in association with Biotech Consortium India Limited (BCIL), New Delhi on June 19-20, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow.

Fig. 1: (A) Effect of heterologous expression of CaUGT2 gene on the metabolite production trends in the three selected transgenic A. belladonna HR clones (CaUGT2-AB1, CaUGT2-AB5 and CaUGT2- AB9) in comparison to that in the best wild type control HR clones. (B) qRT-PCR expression of PMT and H6H genes in all the three transgenic HR clones in comparison to that in the best wild type control HR clones.

Fig. 2: (A) Isolation of ECH gene ( . Kb) from Ocimum gratissimum leaves and cloning in pGreen binary vector 0029. (B) Hairy root induction and multiplication of the best growing clone in optimized liquid medium. (C) PCR confirmation of the presence of ECH gene ( . Kb) in the transgenic HR clone. (D) Comparative growth indices (% DW) of the four ECH -transgenic HR clones grown in best optimized medium.

Fig. 3: Representative HPLC chromatogram for quantification of atropine and scopolamine in the crude extract of A. belladonna somaclones. (A) Standard mix of atropine and scopolamine; (B) Somaclone (AB SC-03) sample. (C) Cumulative content (leaves + roots) of atropine & scopolamine of five selected somaclones & the control plant after one month of establishment in the glass house. (. anddenotes the maximum atropine and scopolamine producing somaclones respectively).

12. Prof. Sanjeev Vishnu Dhurandhar Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune University Campus, Pune

1. Title/Theme of the work being done The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 was awarded for the discovery of gravitational waves. India was a major player in the discovery and is continuing the effort by building a gravitational wave detector on its own soil - the Ligo-India Project. An important aspect is developing efficient data analysis strategies for extracting gravitational wave signals from detector noise. We focus on black holes and neutron stars and design signal processing techniques to extract such signals from noisy data. We develop optimal vetoing procedures to eliminate noise artifacts, efficient search methods, such as the hierarchical search strategy and Bayesian techniques.

2. Significant research/scientific findings i. Hierarchical search for detecting gravitational waves from compact coalescing binaries. B. Gadre, S. Mitra and S. Dhurandhar Standard searches for compact coalescing binaries with spins pose a serious computational challenge. We present a hierarchical strategy to search for coalescing binaries with a network of detectors and we demonstrate in real data that our search strategy is about 20 times more efficient than the usual search. The saving in computational cost amounts to freeing up computational resources and time. This paper has been published in Physical Review D (see item 3). ii. Optimal chi square discriminator for modelled glitches in interferometric data. P. Joshi, R. Dhurkunde, S. Dhurandhar and S. Bose The traditional chi-square veto applied to the gravitational wave data is ad hoc and not guaranteed to be optimal. We construct an optimal chi-square test for glitches that can be modelled as sine-Gaussians and which are ubiquitous in the detector data.

We follow the procedure discussed in an earlier work, unified chi-square (S. Dhurandhar et al (2017)) and use singular value decomposition to construct an optimal chi square with minimum computational cost. This paper has been submitted to Physical Review D. iii. Time-delay interferometry for Laser Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA).M. Tinto and S. Dhurandhar The cancellation of laser frequency noise in LISA is vital for LISA to achieve requisite sensitivity. We have shown that this is a problem in algebraic geometry - the noise cancelling time-delayed data stream combinations form the first module of syzygies. This work relates to the famous Hilbert's syzygy theorem. The review takes into account the new design of LISA. See item 3.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Hierarchical search strategy for the efficient detection of gravitational waves from non- processing coalescencing compact binaries with aligned spins.B. Gadre, S. Mitra and S. Dhurandhar, Physical Review D 99, 124035 (2019) ii. Time-delay interferometry for Laser Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA).M. Tinto and S. Dhurandhar Review article to be published in Living Reviews, Springer-Verlag

4. Award/Honour/Recognition I received the Meghnad Saha Memorial Gold Medal for outstanding contributions to the Field of Physics. The award was conferred by the Asiatic Society, Kolkata on June 3, 2019.

5. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered i. Plenary talk entitled Gravitational Waves: From discovery to Astronomy delivered on February 9, 2020 at Gujarat Science Congress, Mehsana, Gujarat. ii. Inaugural address entitled The Enigma of Gravitation: From Newton to Einstein and Beyond delivered on February 17, 2020 during a Symposium on Frontiers in Physics, held at Fergusson College, Pune. iii. Public talk on Einstein‟s Legacy: The Discovery of Gravitational Waves delivered on August 10, 2019 organized by Marathi Vidnyan Parishad, Goa.

13. Prof. S V Bhat Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Magnetization, electron paramagnetic resonance and related studies of physics of manganites 2. Significant research/scientific findings During the period under consideration, (April 2019 - March 2020), we continued our studies of the fascinating phenomena in doped manganites and provided additional proof for certain interesting results obtained earlier. Noteworthy among these is our observation that the temperature dependence of the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) linewidth observed in Bi0.5Sr0.5Mn(1-x)CrxO3 (BSMCO), (x=0.1,0.04), as well as in certain other 3- dimensional manganites undergoing an antiferromagnetic transition is satisfactorily, though unexpectedly, described by the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) model. We understand this result in terms of an effective 2-dimensional XY easy plane anisotropy induced by the magnetic field applied in the EPR experiment. 75

This conclusion is supported by the field dependence of the BKT correlations observed in the quasi two-dimensional antiferromagnetic compound BaNi2V2O8. An important implication of this result is that a magnetic field can effectively convert a system with three-dimensional correlations to one with two-dimensional correlations. Zinc substitution effects on the magnetic ordering of nanosized Nd0.65Ca0.35MnO3 particles prepared by sol-gel method were investigated by electron magnetic resonance (EMR, indicating measurements in both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases) technique complimented by magnetization measurements. Earlier, we had shown that nano Nd0.65Ca0.35MnO3 exhibits only a single transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase at 120 K even though bulk Nd0.65Ca0.35MnO3 exhibits a charge ordering transition at 240 K and an antiferromagnetic transition at 150 K followed by a transition to a ferromagnetic (FM) phase below 50K supporting our general conclusion about vanishing phase complexities in nano materials. Continuing on this work, we have studied the effect of 10% and 30% zinc doping on the nano sized Nd0.65Ca0.35MnO3. Magnetization and EMR studies confirm the existence of ferromagnetism in all the samples. The FM weakens with higher doping of zinc. Though magnetization measurements do not show the charge order fluctuations and short-range AFM order in the zinc doped samples, EMR measurements evidence it. EMR line width increases with zinc doping over a wide range of temperature due to the destruction of motional narrowing. With the assistance of Dr. M. Manjunath, RA appointed under the Senior Scientist fellowship, we have carried out detailed EPR and Internal Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance/Zero Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (IFNMR/ZFNMR) studies on pentavalent vanadium doped nickel ferrite samples. We have analyzed the results using extensive lineshape simulations to extract accurate values of magnetocrystalline anisotropy. We compare the values with those obtained by using the individual ionic anisotropies weighted with relative site occupancies and find satisfactory agreements between the two. We also find an interesting inverse correlation of MA with the spin echo heights observed in the ZFNMR experiments. Extending our work on ferrites, we have studied structural and magnetic properties of aluminum doped nickel ferrites NiFe2AlxO4 (x = 0.0 0.3) prepared by auto combustion synthesis process. The structure and phase purity of the synthesized powders were determined by X-ray diffraction. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements show that the saturation magnetization decreases with the increase of Al3+ content. From Raman studies, it was observed that the peaks corresponding to the tetrahedral (A-site) and octahedral (B-site) sites increased in intensity consequent to Al3+ substitution. Further, 57Fe internal field NMR studies show that the central frequencies corresponding to the A- and the B-sites shift to lower values with Al3+ substitution. The occupancies of iron at the A and B sites were calculated from the results of XRD, Raman and NMR measurements, all of which show similar trend. From our analysis, we conclude that Al3+ preferentially occupies the B-site over the A-site in nickel ferrite.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Investigations on Magnetization and Electron Magnetic Resonance Properties of Nd0.65Ca0.35Mn 1–x ZnxO3(x = 0, 0.1, 0.3) Nanomanganite. Daly Paul, K. N. Anuradha, and S. V. Bhat. Applied Magnetic Resonance 50, 1359-1368(2019) ii. Occurrence of Mixed Phase in Bi0.5Sr0.5Mn0.9Cr0.1O3 bulk sample: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Magnetization Studies. K. S. Bhagyashree, L. R. Goveas, and S. V. Bhat, Applied Magnetic Resonance 50, 1049-1058 (2019) iii. Effect of Low Aluminum Substitution on Structural and Magnetic Properties of Nickel Ferrites: Raman and 57Fe IF NMR Studies. Manjunatha M, G Srinivas Reddy, K J Mallikarjunaiah, K P Ramesh, S V Bhat (under review) *iv. Magnetization and Magnetocrystalline anisotropy of v5+ doped Nickel Ferrite: EPR and Zero Field NMR studies. M. Manjunatha, G. Srinivasa Reddy, K. P. Ramesh and S. V. Bhat*(to be submitted) 76

4. Award/Honour/Recognition Was invited* to deliver an Invited Lecture on Magnetic Field Induced Berezinskii-Kosterlitz- Thouless Correlations in 3- Dimensional Manganites in a Spring Meeting of the Materials Research Society, USA at Phoenix, Arizona during April 21-24, 2020. *The conference was cancelled due to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, I have been invited to write a review article on the topic.

5. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered i. Delivered a Plenary Lecture entitled „Physics of Doped Rare-Earth Manganites is Fascinating: but when are the Applications Expected?‟ on May 17, 2019 during RAAS 2019: National Conference on Applied Sciences at the University of Guwahati, Guwahati. ii. Delivered a lecture on „Fascinating Physics of Magnetism‟ in the INSPIRE INTERNSHIP SCIENCE CAMP at Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur on November 28, 2019. iii. Delivered a Keynote Lecture in a „Workshop on Frontier Areas in Physical Sciences‟ held on January 17, 2020 at Rani Channamma University Belagavi.

Other information Science Promotion activities  Member, DST Project Review Committee, University of Mysore held on October 15-16, 2019.  Member, Review Committee for INSPIRE Faculty, Materials Science, during October 22-23, 2019 at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.  Reviewed manuscripts for a number of international scientific journals.  Served on the Selection Committee for faculty at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.

Keynote lecture on „Frontiers of Physical Sciences‟ at Rani Channamma University, Belagavi

Interaction with post graduate students and faculty members from Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi,Tirunelveli during their visit to EPR laboratory on January 24 , 2020

14. Prof. K V Rao Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Osmania University, Hyderabad

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Evaluation of activation tagged rice lines for improved agronomic traits. The theme of research is to develop novel genetic resources and identify candidate genes for functional genomic studies employing the „activation tagging approach‟ in the model crop plant rice.

2. Significant research/scientific findings The activation tagged rice lines developed were screened for drought and salinity tolerance using mannitol (250 mM) and NaCl (250mM) at seedling stage as well as vegetative and reproductive growth stages of the plants. The selected plants showing both drought and salinity stress tolerance were exposed to different levels of CO2 during vegetative and reproductive stages. Different antioxidant enzymes activities, photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, transpiration rate and inter-cellular CO2 levels of the plants were estimated under normal and stress conditions. The tagged lines displayed greater photosynthetic efficiency and transpirational rate under well-watered as well as during drought and salt stress conditions when compared to wild types. The greater water use efficiency in the

AT rice lines is associated with reduced stress related symptoms and better photosynthetic

performance. However, no significant differences in inter cellular CO2 levels were observed between tagged lines and wild type plants under similar experimental conditions. To identify the integration of DS site in the genome of these activated tagged rice lines, Tail PCR analysis was carried out. The Tail PCR products were cloned in pBSK(+) plasmid and later obtained the sequences of the cloned products. Integration sites of En element in the rice genome of these activation mutants were identified and expression analysis of identified genes will be analyzed.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Vamsee Raja, K., G. Sivakrishna Rao, V. D. Reddy, P. B. Kirti and K.V. Rao (2020). Development of a large population of activation tagged mutants in an elite indica rice variety. Plant Breeding, 139: 328– 343. DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12780 ii. Sridevi, N., T. Lavanya, C. Rajanikant, V. D. Reddy and K. V. Rao (2019). DEAD box helicases as promising molecular tools for engineering abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 39: 395-407 iii. Raju, N., P. Pavankumar, S. Prabhakar, K. Rama Krishna, K V. Rao and V.D. Reddy (2019). Evolvement of nutraceutical onion plants engineered for resveratrol biosynthetic pathway. Plant Cell Reports 38 : 1127-1137

4. Invited Talk (s)/ Lecture(s) delivered Delivered an invited talk on „Genome editing methods and prospects‟ for the participants of academic staff college, Osmania University, Hyderabad.

Fig. 1. Photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance of tagged lines and wild type plants under well watered (WW), drought (D) and salt (S) stress conditions

C 1 2 C 1 2 C 1 2 C 1 2 C 1 2

Fig. 2. Transpiration rates, water use efficiency and internal CO2 levels of tagged lines and wild type plants under well watered (WW), drought (D) and salt (S) stress conditions

C 1 2 C 1 2 C 1 2 C 1 2 C 1 2

C: Wild type; 1& 2: Two different activation tagged mutants

15. Prof. P K Seth Biotech Park, Lucknow

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Project title: Identification of Biomarkers for selected neurological disorders using in-silico approaches and their validation. Worldwide, with 9 million deaths, 16·5% of global deaths, neurological disorders is the second leading cause of death after heart disease and with 276 million disability-adjusted life- years (DALYs), it is the leading cause of disability (GBD, 2016). WHO reported that neurological disorders affect more than 450 million people worldwide from 1990 to 2016. In India 30 million people suffers from various forms of neurological diseases and the average prevalence rate is as high as 2,394 per lac of the population. India is placed at third position in top 10 countries with 4.4 million people suffering from Alzheimer‟s disease (AD). With an aging population and increased life expectancy the burden due to Parkinson‟s disease (PD) and other neurological disorders is expected to be enormous. Biomarkers are established as key for early detection and monitoring of disease progression, susceptibility to environmental chemicals and response to therapeutic interventions. This project therefore, aims to identify and validate set of candidate biomarkers for Alzheimer‟s (AD) and Parkinson‟s (PD) using computational tools and wet laboratory studies.

2. Significant research/scientific findings During this year, an effort was made to identify the possible suitable biomarker for Parkinson‟s disease. It was observed that PARK16 gene locus, which possibly regulates the risk of PD, contains five functionally interesting candidate genes. These genes are regulated by number of SNPs, which led to studies on the functional association between NUCKS1 gene and PD. Several computational analysis and information available from data bases showed that rs823093 variant of NUCKS1 gene is located as enhancer histone marks in blood and have strong transcription in various parts of the brain, heart, kidney and liver. Gene expression analysis showed association with multiple human tissues and multiple genes together with NUCKS1. Further using gene expression data of post mortem brain samples, it was observed that NUCKS1 gene is down regulated in PD patients compared to healthy samples. The metabolite analysis showed marked association with serotonin, a known neurotransmitter. These findings suggest that NUCKS1 gene could be a potential disease susceptibility biomarker for PD. (Singh & Seth, Bioinformation, 2019). Several studies reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as an important regulatory control in biological systems. The studies to identify possible biomarkers for neuroblastoma using lncRNAs have led to identification of three lncRNAs CASC15, PPPIR26-AS1 and USP3-AS1. Functional analyses of these lncRNAs will help in understanding their role in the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of neuroblastoma progression. Thus, these lncRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers in the clinical studies of neuroblastoma pathogenesis (Prajapati et al., Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 2019). A study was undertaken to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among PD in comparison to healthy samples, using DNA microarray data available in literature. These genes could serve as key candidates for PD pathogenesis. Gene expression dataset was collected from Gene Omnibus (GEO) database having 8793 annotated genes. Out of these, only 234 were found to be differentially expressed at fold change (FC)> 1 with the p-value < 0.05. Among 234 genes, only 28 were found to be down-regulated and 206 to be up-regulated in PD patients.

The protein-protein interaction (PPI) and regulatory network analysis of DEGs revealed seven genes (GNAI1, PPP2CA, ACTB, YWHAZ, RPS4Y1, FOS and RHOB) and three transcription factors (TFs) (FOXC1, GATA2 and YY1) as hub using Cytoscape 3.7.2 and iRegulon tools respectively. Among these GNAI1 gene found with highest node degree i.e. 118. The functional and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these genes are involved in ubiquitin dependent protein catabolic process (GO: 0006511), ubiquitin protein ligase binding (GO: 0031625), Parkinson‟s disease pathway (hsa05012) and dopaminergic synapse pathway (hsa04728). Further, TFs also have significant role in regulating these genes directly or indirectly in PD pathogenesis. Above seven genes and three TFs appears to be promising biomarkers which can be confirmed through wet lab studies (Manuscript under preparation). A review entitled „Significance of Network Biology in Drug Target Identification and Drug Discovery’ was prepared (Current Drug Targets, 2019, In Press). The network biology approaches appears to be an important and promising alternative tool for understanding the complex human diseases at individual gene level. Multifaceted role of network biology helps in understanding the complexity of diseases and their biology, as well as in the discovery of new drugs. The review also provides the details of various publicly available network databases, tools and software.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Functional association between NUCKS1 gene and Parkinson disease: A potential susceptibility biomarker, Sarita Singh and Prahlad Kishore Seth. Bioinformation. September, 2019. 15(8): 548-556. (PMID: 6822519) ii. Identification of lncRNAs associated with neuroblastoma in crossectional databases: Potential biomarkers, Bharat Prajapati, Mena Fatma, Mahar Fatima, Md Tipu Khan, Subrata Sinha and Prahlad Kishore Seth. Frontiers In Molecular Neuroscience. December, 2019. 12, 293:1-12. (PMID: 6920248) iii. Significance of Network Biology in Drug Target Identification and Drug Discovery, Neha Srivastava, Prachi Srivastava and Prahlad Kishore Seth. Current Drug Targets, 2019. (In Press) (Review) iv. Identification of key genes as Biomarker for Parkinson’s disease using gene expression data analysis, Sarita Singh and Prahlad Kishore Seth. (Under preparation)

4. Award/Honor/Recognition i. Dr. C.S. Paulose Memorial Oration Award-2019, The Society for Biotechnologists India (SBTI) during the Annual Meeting, Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow, September 27-28, 2019. ii. Distinguished Toxicologist Award-2019, The Society of Toxicology (STOX), India during the 39th Annual Meeting and International Conference on Breakthrough in Toxicology and Human Health, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, December 27-29, 2019.

5. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered Delivered several invited talks/special lectures including: i. Is Our Environment Safe? „Environment and Biodiversity‟, NASI-Awareness Programme on April 04, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. ii. Health Impact of safe water and sanitation: Microbial & chemical contamination issues, a Brainstorming on „Safe and Sustainable Water including Sanitation: A Road to Swachh & Swasth Bharat‟held on September 19-21, 2019 iii. Biomarker: A promising approach for clinical diagnostics, Annual meeting of SBTI-CS Paulose Memorial Oration held on September 27-28, 2019 at Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow. 81

iv. Healthy Brain….Healthy You, in NASI‟s Annual Session-2019 and Symposium on „Science and Technology based Entrepreneurship Development‟ held on December 21- 23, 2019 at National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM), Hyderabad. v. Bio-markers for selected neurological disorders using in-silico approaches, Conference and Workshop on Recent Developments in Applied Biology (RDAB-2020) on March 06-08, 2020 at IIIT- Allahabad, Prayagraj.

Fig.1: Expression graph of NUCKS1 gene: PD Vs. Control (Singh and Seth 2019, Bioinformation)

Fig.2: Valcano plot of DEGs among PD in comparison to Healthy samples (Blue: Down-regulated; Red: Up- regulated) (Manuscript under preparation)

16. Prof. Pijush K Das CSIR-IICB, Kolkata

1. Title/Theme of the work being done The work in my laboratory is centered on studying macrophage biology using visceral leishmaniasis as a model macrophage disease. The key question we try to address is how macrophage signaling pathways that lead to production of robust defense molecules are hijacked by Leishmania parasites and therefore has tremendous potential for development of therapeutic targets in general for macrophage-associated diseases.

2. Significant research/scientific findings Earlier, we showed that Leishmania induces differential regulation of programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) receptor in early and late phase of infection. This led to differentially regulating downstream PD-1 signaling and though interconnected, both pathways independently contribute in intracellular parasite survival. In the present study we aimed to address the precise underlying mechanism of how PD-1 activation exploits anti-inflammatory responses to curb host-protective responses. We observed that PD-1 agonist-mediated increased PD-1 signaling negatively impacts the phosphorylation of JNK and STAT1 in macrophages, which was again validated during late L. donovani infection. Furthermore, our findings revealed the involvement of PD-1/SHP axis in negative modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and we further pinpointed that JNK and STAT1 works downstream of PD-1/SHP axis in executing the anti-inflammatory role of PD-1 pathway in macrophages. Concurrently, the involvements of PD-1/SHP/JNK and PD-1/SHP/STAT1 axes in execution of anti-inflammatory response were also corroborated in the context of L. donovani infection. Blockade of infection-induced PD-1 pathway also led to activation of ELK1 followed by cFos induction, which again was a downstream consequence of blockade-mediated JNK activation and played a role in clearance of parasite burden, further documenting that PD-1 pathway activation has a detrimental influence on downstream effectors of JNK signaling cascade during late infection which plays an instrumental role in favoring disease progression. All these work have great potential in formulating robust intervention strategies against the dreaded intra- macrophage disease visceral leishmaniasis of national importance.

3. Publications during the period of report 1. Roy, S., Saha, S., Gupta, P., Ukil, A. and Das, P.K. (2019). Crosstalk of PD-1 signaling with the SIRT1/FOXO-1 axis during the progression of visceral leishmaniasis. J. Cell Sci. May 2; 132(9):jcs226274. doi: 10.1242/jcs.226274 [E-pub ahead of print] 2. Basu, M. and Das, P.K. (2019). Role of reactive oxygen species in infection by the intracellular Leishmania parasites in Oxidative Stress in Microbial Diseases Eds. Chakraborti, S., Chakraborti, T., Chattopadhyaya, D.J. and Shaha, C. pp 297- 314Springer Nature Publications. ISBN 978-981-13-8762-3; ISBN 978-981-13-8763-0 (eBook); https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8763-0 3. Biswas, A., Bhattacharjee, A. and Das, P.K. (2019). Role of cAMP homeostasis in intra-macrophage survival and infectivity of unicellular parasites like Leishmania in: "Vector-Borne Diseases – Recent Developments in Epidemiology and Control” ISBN: 978-1-83880-022-2. InTechOpen Limited. UK.

Other information:

Lectures and Meetings  Delivered Invited Popular Lecture in Science Awareness Programme organized by NASI Kolkata Chapter on February 01, 2019 at Srikhanda High School, P.S. Katwa, West Bengal. Title: Drug delivery: Sending drug to appropriate diseased site.  Delivered Invited Popular Lecture in Science Awareness Programme organized by INSA Kolkata Chapter as part of Science Day programme on February 28, 2019 at Mrinalini Dutta Mahavidyapith, Birati, Kolkata. Title: Lessening of harmful side effects of drug by packaging in drug carrier.  Delivered Invited Lecture in a Science Day Programme on February 28, 2019 at Sister Nivedita University, Kolkata. Title: Science awareness among students.  Chaired a Session on „Molecular Pathology of Various aspects of Cancer‟ at 19th All India Congress of Genetics and Genomics organized by CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology on December 02-04, 2019.  Acted as Ph.D. thesis Examiner of Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi University, Kalyani University, ACSiR, Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad etc.  Contributed towards Assessment and Promotion of Scientists of CSIR and also as member of CSIR-NET.

NASI Activities  As a Member, Fellowship Scrutinizing Committee of NASI.  As a Member of Executive Committee, NASI Kolkata Chapter.  Actively involved in delivering Science Popular Lectures to various schools and colleges as part of Science Awareness Programme of NASI.

17. Prof. Jagannatha Gopalakrishnan Solid State & Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Functional materials based on metal oxides

2. Publications during the period of report i. Magnetic frustration in partially ordered double perovskites Ln3Ni2RuO9 (Ln = La, Nd), S. Laha, J. Gopalakrishnan, S. Natarajan, J. Romero de Paz, E. Solana-Madruga, AJ Dos Santos-García, S. García-Martín, O. Fabelo, E. Morán-Miguélez, R. Sáez-Puche, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 806, 1509–1516, 2019 ii. New Members of SHG Active Dugganite Family, A3BC3D2O14 (A = Ba, Pb; B = Te, Sb; C = Al, Ga, Fe, Zn; D = Si, Ge, P, V): Synthesis, Structure, and Materials Properties, A. Bhim, W. Zhang, PS Halasyamani, J. Gopalakrishnan, S. Natarajan, Inorganic Chemistry. 58, 8560-8569, 2019 iii. La1.5Sr0.5NiMn0.5Ru0.5O6 Double Perovskite with Enhanced ORR/OER Bifunctional Catalytic Activity, M Retuerto, F Calle-Vallejo, L Pascual, G Lumbeeck, MT Fernandez- Diaz, Mark Croft, J. Gopalakrishnan, M. A Pena, J. Hadermann, M. Greenblatt, S. Rojas, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11 (24), 21454-21464, 2019

iv. Electronic structure of Fe and magnetism in the 3d/5d double perovskites Ca2FeReO6 and Ba2FeReO6, E. Granado, JC Cezar, C. Azimonte, J. Gopalakrishnan, K. Ramesha, Physical Review B 99 (19), 195118 2019

18. Dr. Kanak Lata Dikshit Department of Biotechnology, South Campus, Punjab University, Chandigarh

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Structure-function studies on novel hemoglobins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is one of the most dreaded human pathogen, which is an obligate aerobe, requiring oxygen for its cellular metabolism and survival. Mtb produces three distinct hemoglobin like proteins having unique oxygen binding properties. This study pertains to explore structure-function aspects of these heme proteins and understand their biological functions. During the reported period, detailed studies on truncated hemoglobin, HbO, of Mtb have been carried out, which revealed novel mechanism of function of this oxygen binding protein.

2. Significant research/scientific findings In this study, we discovered a novel mechanism by which truncated hemoglobin, HbO, function in its native host. Here we have demonstrated that the HbO carries a redox dependent autokinase activity, which modulates its oligomeric states. It gets phosphorylated in a deoxy state, which results in dissociation of its dimeric assembly into monomer that readily associates with the cell membranes and facilitates oxygen uptake of Mtb under hypoxia. These studies were supported by the HbO knock mutant of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, used as an experimental model of Mtb. The HbO knock out mutant of the M.bovis was unable to survive under hypoxia for long time whereas complementation of the HbO extended the survival and viability of this mutant under low oxygen. One of the bottleneck in tuberculosis control is the latency of the tubercle bacillus when it respires slowly and maintains extremely slow metabolism, which makes it refractory towards therapeutic drugs as well as host generated bactericidal mechanisms. Thus, HbO might be an attractive system to target Mtb for the development of new antimycobacterial agents.

3. Publications during the period of report  Hade M. D, Sethi D., Datta H., Singh, S., Hade, M. D., Chhaya, A. and Dikshit, K. L.( 2020) et al. Truncated Hemoglobin O Carries an Autokinase Activity and facilitates adaptation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis under hypoxia. Antioxid Redox Signal; 32(6): 351‐362. doi:10.1089/ars.2018.7708

(A) Primary sequence of the HbO, displaying ATP-binding motif and putative phosphorylation site (B) Structure of HbO subunit (PDB ID 1NGK), displaying placement of ATP-binding loop and phosphorylation site within the truncated globin fold (C) Dimeric assembly of the HbO, showing inter-subunit contacts at the interface

19. Prof. Girjesh Govil Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai

I joined this scheme with effect from 10.04.2017 and therefore, will be completing three years on 10.04.2020. Work done during the period from 10.04.2017 till date is summarized below: (a) Research work: I continued my work on interaction of membrane-active drug molecules with model membranes and intact cells, using physical techniques such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and CD. This work resulted in two publications, in international Journals. (b) Semi-popular articles: In addition to this, certain semi-popular articles were written. These dealt with the importance of physical techniques such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), X-ray crystallography and other physical tools. In addition, review articles on the subject were written. Articles were also written on the development of NMR in India. One of these articles was published in NASI Proceedings A. (c) Educational seminars and popular talks: During this period, I was the president of the West India Chapter of the Royal Society of Chemistry In this capacity, I was responsible for organizing scientific programs for teachers and students. Several programs were organized, both in the developed Institutes in West India (such as BITS, Goa), as well as in the Institute in rural areas, such as Tsuadia College, which is located near Surat. The NASI Mumbai Local Chapter provided additional support. (d) Contribution to NASI: As Editor-in-Chief of National Academy Science Letters (which is an official publication of NASI), my duties involve editing and finalizing articles for publication in this Journal. The Journal contains short research communications on innovations in all fields of sciences, as well as comments and articles on scientific developments. Since, there is no regular staff member of NASI, I had to take overall responsibility to see that the Journal maintains a good standard. 86

I have to often ask my colleagues to review papers for the Journal, since in certain fields there are no experts in the Editorial Board. (e) Contribution to the Mumbai Chapter of NASI: I am also a member of the Mumbai Chapter of NASI. I have been contributing to it by giving lectures,organizing events in local institutions and looking after management aspects. This Chapter is very active, and has organized a number of programmes during the last three years.

20. Prof. K N Pathak Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Title: Study of particle correlations in quantum systems In continuation of the project work we have studied some exact results of Fermi gas in one dimension, manifesting itself as different properties than higher dimensional physics, the system is called as Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids. We have obtained the analytical expression for the exchange energy of a harmonic and cylindrical wires for a given polarization with any finite thickness. We have also presented the structure factor in the high-density limit for infinitely thin wires. This provides an analytical exact expression for the pair correlation function at small distances. Now it has been published in PRB (2020). We have started the work of many-body correlation effects on the ground state properties i.e. ground state energy, pair correlation function and static structure factor of the coupled electron- electron and electron-hole quantum wires using quantum Monte Carlo simulation using in CASINO code. The proposed work will also address the charge and mass-asymmetry effects of the parallel quantum wires and inter-particle interactions.

2. Significant research/scientific findings In our study, we have used the dynamical response theory to obtain an analytical expression for the exchange energy of a quantum wire for arbitrary polarization and width. It produces the known form of exchange energy for a one-dimensional (1D) electron gas in the limit of infinitely thin cylindrical and harmonic wires. The structure factor for these wires is also obtained analytically in the high-density or small rs limit. This structure factor enables us to get the exact correlation energy for both the wires and demonstrates that there are at least two methods to get the ideal Coulomb limit in one dimension. It is also concluded that the correlation energies are the same for both wires and agree with the variational quantum Monte Carlo simulation and the conventional perturbation theory. The analytical expression for the pair correlation function is also derived for small distances and provides a justification for the 3  2 small rs expansion as long as rs 2 1.15, consistent with Kimball‟s identity in the 23  one dimensional case.

3. Publications during the period of report Exact ground-state properties of the one-dimensional electron gas at high density (With Vinod Ashokan, Renu Bala, and Klaus Morawetz ); Physical Review B 101, 075130 (2020)

4. Patents filed/collaborations established Our collaborations is continuing with  Prof. Klaus Morawetz Professor, Muenster University of Applied Sciences Department of Physical Engineering Stegerwaldstrasse 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany Tel: (+49) 2551 9 62411 Fax: (+49) 2551 9 62811 Email: [email protected]  Prof. N. D. Drummond Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA 14YB, United Kingdom Email: [email protected]

 Dr. Vinod Ashokan has joined as Assistant Professor in Physics Department at National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar and He is working with us as collaborator in NASI project. He was RA w.e.f. 17/05/2016 till 23/08/2018 in this project.  Dr. Rajesh has joined as Research Associate at Punjab University Chandigarh in NASI Project w.e.f. 13/08/2019, after Vinod Ashokan left for NIT Jalandher w.e.f. 23/08/2018 (Now Dr. Rajesh is doing the simulation work of Quantum–bi-wires).

5. Award/Honour/Recognition i. Invited as a member of the Selection Board by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for selection of the Director for the Institute of Nanoscience Mohali (Punjab). ii. Member of the Academic Council of Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda

6. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered i. I delivered an invited talk on „Dynamics and Structure of Electron Quantum Wire at High Density‟ in the workshop entitled „Correlations and transport in one-dimensional structures‟ at Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany held on July 5, 2019. ii. Dr. Vinod also talked on „Ground state properties of one-dimensional electron gas‟ in the workshop entitled „Correlations and transport in one-dimensional structures‟ at Technische Universitat, Dresden, Germany on July 5, 2019. iii. I visited Germany from July 4, 2019 to July 31, 2019 for the research work of joint project of India, Germany and United Kingdom for the initiation of an international collaboration. (Project number: 415100210, DFG: MO 621/28-1) supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).

(a) (b)

Fig.1 (a) The pair correlation function g(r) of 1D homogeneous electron gas in infinitely thin wires. The variational Monte Carlo (VMC) simulation data are compared with the high-density expansion at rs = 0.7. (b) The small-r pair correlation function g(r) for rs =0.1–0.5 from left to right where VMC data (points) are compared to theoretical formula (thick lines).

21. Dr. Ramakrishnan Nagaraj CSIR-Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad

Brief Summary of the Scientific Achievements a. Hydrogels formed by β-amyloid 7-residue peptides: The peptide Aβ16-22 (Ac-KLVFFAE-am) yields amyloid-like fibrils at neutral pH. The Phe-Phe cassette present in the peptide is believed to be critical for its self-assembly. The analog, Aβ16-22 (F20Y) forms self-supporting soft gels at concentrations ≥2 mM even though parent peptide does not form hydrogel up to 20 mM. The hydrogel was characterized by its viscoelastic properties. The hydrogel supports the growth of cultured cells. The cells grow in clusters as is anticipated in a three-dimensional matrix. The rat pancreatic cells produced insulin suggesting that they are functional inside the gel. b. Limpid hydrogels: The hydrogelation propensity of Ab16–22 repeats connected through β -turn-supporting motifs was investigated. The peptide repeats connected through Asn-Gly, Aib-DPro, and DPro-Gly formed transparent hydrogels at concentrations ~2 mM. These gels could trap the anticancer drug doxorubicin and displayed steady release in water. The gels supported the growth of mammalian cell lines. Thus, turn-inducing motifs can have marked effects on the hydrogelating propensity of self-assembling peptides. c. Water-alcohol bigels from fatty-acylated dipeptides Alcohol/water bigels are formed by fatty-acylated dipeptides, Fatty acid- peptide, composed of the amino acids Val, Ile, Leu. Eight out of the 27 peptides resulted in good bigels. They are composed of fibrous aggregates. Infrared spectroscopy suggests the β-sheet conformation of the peptidic region in the gels. Entrapment and steady release of the anticancer drug, docetaxel in the gel was demonstrated. Such bigels could be attractive gelator candidates with potential application in drug delivery.

Publications 1. Chandra D, Gayathri P, Vats M, Nagaraj R, Ray MK, Jagannadham MV. (2019) Mass spectral analysis of acetylated peptides: Implications in proteomics. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester). doi: 10.1177/1469066719857564. Epub 2019 Jun 24 2. Datta D, Kumar V, Kumar S, Nagaraj R, Chaudhary N. (2019) Limpid hydrogels from β-turn motif-connected tandem repeats of Aβ(16-22). Soft Matter. 15(24):4827-4835. 3.Datta D, Kumar V, Kumar S, Nagaraj R, Chaudhary, N. (2019) Hydrogel Formation by an Aromatic Analogue of a β-Amyloid Fragment, Aβ16–22: A Scaffold for 3D Cell Culture. ACS Omega, 4: 620–627. 4. Datta D, Nagaraj R, Chaudhary N. (2020) Water-Alcohol Bigels from Fatty Acylated Dipeptides. J Phys Chem B. 124(3):577-588.

Other Scientific Activities Reviewed Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, 2018. Ruth Lehmann, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz and Alexander F. Schier (eds) | Book Reviews | 10 September 2019, 117 (05) for Current Science.

22. Prof. M Vijayan Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Structural Biology of Mycobacterial Proteins. The most important component of the work is concerned with structural and related studies on DNA recombination and repair including prevention of damage. The proteins investigated would include LexA, RecGwed and MutT proteins. Proteins involved in selected metabolic pathways would also be examined. Such proteins would include pantothenate kinase, - hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase and argininosuccinate lyase. Another component of the work proposed to be carried out would involve mycobacterial lectins. Initiation of structure based design of inhibitors for selected TB proteins is also envisaged.

2. Significant research/scientific findings All mycobacteria, except M. leprae, have a second Single Stranded DNA Binding protein (SSBb), in addition to the canonical one (SSBa). This paralogue from M. smegmatis (MsSSBb) has been cloned, expressed and purified. The structural study of the protein showed that the tertiary and quaternary structures of MsSSBb are similar to those of SSBa from mycobacteria. In particular, the clamp which additionally stabilizes the quaternary structure is present in MsSSBb also. Biochemical studies showed that the expression levels of the ssbB gene increase during UV and hypoxic stresses while the levels of ssbA expression decline. Thus, it would appear that SSBb is hypoxia specific. LexA is a protein that is involved in the SOS response. The protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its mutants have been biochemically characterized and the structures of their catalytic segments have been determined. A complex of M. tuberculosis LexA and the cognate SOS could be modeled. The structural studies bring to light the characteristic features of mycobacterial LexA and its interaction with DNA.

A bioinformatics analysis of mycobacteral genomes led to the identification of a protein (RecGwed) with a C-terminal “wedge” domain, similar to the wedge domain of RecG. Solution studies indicated the possible involvement of RecGwed in transactions during recombination events that proceed through branched DNA intermediates. The crystal structures of M. smegmatis MutT2, a sanitization enzyme which hydrolyses non-canonical nucleotides, and its complexes with cytosine derivatives have been determined. A conserved set of enzyme ligand interactions along with concerted movements of important water molecules provide insights into the mechanism of action. Efforts on a metabolic enzyme also formed part of the work during the period under consideration. Biochemical and crystallographic studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis 3- hydroxyisobutyric acid dehydrogenase (MtHIBADH), a member of the 3-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase superfamily, have been carried out. They lead to the proposal of a plausible mechanism of the action of the enzyme.

3. Publications during the period of report  Anu V. Chandran, S. Jayanthi and M. Vijayan (2018). Biomol. Struc. Dyn. 36, 98-111  A. Singh, M. Vijayan and U. Varshney (2018). Tuberculosis 108 16–25  A. Singh, M. Vijayan, G. Nagaraju (2018). IUBMB Life 70, 786-794  R. Srikalaivani, Amrita Singh, M. Vijayan and A. Surolia (2018). Biochemical Journal 475, 2457–2471  A. Singh, S.M. Arif, P.B. Sang, U. Varshney and M Vijayan (2018) J. Struct. Biol. 204, 449-456  T. Chandran, N. Sivaji, A. Surolia and M. Vijayan (2018). Glycobiology 28, 968-977  Anu V. Chandran, R. Srikalaivani, A. Paul and M. Vijayan (2019). Acta Cryst. D75, 41-55

4. Patents filed/collaborations established This is a collaborative project. The collaborators are U. Varshney, G. Nagaraju and A. Surolia.

5. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered I have been invited for several important lectures and plenary talks. However, I was unable to accept the invitations on account of my immobility.

23. Prof. Jaya Sivaswami Tyagi Department of Biotechnology, AIIMS, New Delhi

1. Scientific/ Research Achievements A. Research highlights India has the highest burden of Tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) worldwide. Successful management of tuberculosis (TB) requires efficient diagnosis and treatment. Innovative technology is the need of the hour to identify these cases that remain either undiagnosed or inadequately diagnosed due to the unavailability of appropriate tools at primary healthcare settings. Further, the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant TB highlights the urgent need for new approaches targeting both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant forms of disease. i. New insights into negative control mechanism of DevR-DevS two component signaling in M. tuberculosis The DevR-DevS two-component system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) comprises of DevS sensor kinase and DevR response regulator.

It is essential for bacterial adaptation to hypoxia, by inducing dormancy regulon expression. A net balance in the opposing kinase and phosphatase activities of DevS calibrates the response output of DevR. For the first time, kinase positive phosphatase negative (K+P-) mutants in DevS were identified by single-site mutation in either Gly-406 or Leu-407. These residues are individually essential for phosphatase function of DevS. This study provides new insights into negative control mechanism of DevS. These K+P- mutant strains are expected to facilitate the rapid aerobic screening of DevR antagonists in Mtb. (Kumari et al, 2020) ii. Development and evaluation of TB diagnostics kits  Filter-based kits. Three kits were developed and evaluated, namely „TB Detect‟, „TB Concentration and Transport‟ and „TB DNA Extraction‟ kits. These kits enable bio-safe equipment-free concentration of sputum on filters and improved fluorescence microscopy, ambient temperature transport of inactivated sputum filters to central laboratories for molecular detection of drug resistance. Their utility was demonstrated at 2 sites in India. (Anthwal et al. 2019)  Theranostic Application of a DNA Aptamer Targeting Malate Synthase. Malate synthase (MS), an enzyme of the glyoxylate pathway, is considered as an attractive target for novel anti-TB drug development. An adhesin function has also been ascribed to MS and established it as a potent diagnostic biomarker. A G-quadruplex- forming aptamer was identified and optimized post- SELEX. MS10-Trunc exhibited high affinity for MS and displayed robust inhibition of MS enzyme activity. This aptamer blocked mycobacterial entry into host cells. In addition, its utility to detect tuberculous meningitis in patients was demonstrated. (Dhiman et al. 2019) iii. Identification of transcription regulators that control Mtb adaptation response to vitamin C A vitamin C-mediated model of Mtb dormancy was developed previously and the role of transcriptional factors in this important adaptive process was investigated. An updated transcriptional regulatory network of Mtb (Mtb-TRN) consisting of 178 regulators was constructed and the temporal transcriptome data generated in response to vitamin C was overlaid on the Mtb-TRN. Fifty six regulators were predicted to play a central role in modulating Mtb gene expression, of which 4 regulators, namely Rv0348, DevR, MprA and RegX3, participate in a core temporal regulatory response. Rv0348 was predicted to be the most prominent hub regulator in this response. It is proposed that large-scale modulation of gene expression is achieved through interactions of Rv0348 with other transcriptional regulators including DevR. (Nandi et al 2019)

2. Publications during the period of report i. Kumari P, Kumar S, Kaur K, Gupta UD, Bhagyawant SS, Tyagi JS.* (2020) Phosphatase- defective DevS sensor kinase mutants permit constitutive expression of DevR-regulated dormancy genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biochemical Journal. 477:1669–1682 ii. Nandi M, Sikri K, Chaudhary N, Mande SC, Sharma RD and Tyagi JS.* (2019) Multiple transcription factors co-regulate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis adaptation response to Vitamin C. BMC Genomics. 20: 887. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6190-3 iii. Anthwal D, Lavania S, Gupta RK, Verma A, Myneedu VP, Sharma PP, Verma H, Malhotra V, Gupta A, Gupta NK, Sarin R, Haldar S, Tyagi JS.* (2019) Development and evaluation of novel bio-safe filter paper-based kits for sputum microscopy and transport to directly detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and associated drug resistance. PLoS ONE 14(8): e0220967. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0220967

iv. Gautam US, Mehra S, Kumari P, Alvarez X, Niu T, Tyagi JS, Kaushal D. (2019) Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensor kinase DosS modulates the autophagosome in a DosR- independent manner. Communications biology- Nature. 2:349. Epub 2019/09/26 v. Mishra SK, Shankar U, Jain N, Sikri K, Tyagi JS, Sharma TK, Mergny J, Kumar A (2019) Characterization of G-quadruplex motifs in espB, espK and cyp15 genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a potential drug targets. Molecular Therapy Nucleic acids. 16: 698–706 vi. Dhiman A, Kumar C, Mishra SK, Sikri , Datta I, Sharma P, Singh TP, Haldar S, Sharma N, Bansal A, Ahmad Y, Kumar A, Sharma TK, Tyagi JS.* (2019) Theranostic Application of a Novel G-Quadruplex-Forming DNA Aptamer Targeting Malate Synthase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular Therapy Nucleic acids 18:661-672. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.09.026 *Corresponding author

3. Patents Obtained and Processes Developed US Patent filed: Aptamer against Mtb MPT52 and uses thereof. (Co-Inventor)

4. Award/Honour/Recognition a. Honorary Visiting Professor, THSTI, Faridabad b. Member, Panel on Scientific Values, Indian Academy of Sciences, Bengaluru c. Member of Scientific Advisory Committee of following Institutions: National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad d. Member of following Committees:  DBT Expert Group on Tuberculosis  DBT Steering Committee and Task Force on HRD  DBT Technical Evaluation Committee for Infectious Disease Biology  DBT Technical Evaluation Committee in Medical Biotechnology-II for NER,  TAG, DBT National Biopharma Mission e. Chairperson of Institutional Human Ethics Committee of IGIB, Delhi f. Special invitee, Intellectual Property Management Committee, AIIMS.

Other information A. Teaching 10 lectures were delivered on topics in Prokaryotic transcription and regulatory mechanisms in the „Molecular Biology‟ course and 1 lecture in „Seminars in Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology‟ of Masters in Biotechnology teaching programme at AIIMS, New Delhi.

B. Research projects a. DBT-funded project: Combating the challenge of antibiotic tolerance: Combining conventional anti-tubercular drugs with DevR dormancy regulator-targeted approaches for improving M.tuberculosis clearance. b. DBT-funded project: Aptamer-based Tuberculosis Diagnostics Toolbox. c. To evaluate the operational feasibility and performance of „TB Detect‟ and „TB Concentration & Transport‟ and „TB DNA Extraction‟ kits in field settings under the „National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme". (approved for funding by ICMR). d. DNA aptamers-based next generation diagnostic test for tuberculosis (recommended for support by BIPP, BIRAC (DBT)).

C. Mentoring of the students a. Ms. Malobi Nandi submitted PhD thesis entitled “Insights into Mycobacterium tuberculosis dormancy adaptation in axenic culture and intracellular milieu from transcriptome analysis” in February 2020. b. Mr. Abhijeet Dhiman submitted PhD thesis entitled “Rapid diagnosis of Tuberculosis using high affinity aptamers” in June 2020. D. Participation in Conferences Chairperson of the session on „Unconventional conventional niches of Mtb‟. India-EMBO TB symposium-2020 on Mycobacterial Heterogeneity and host tissue tropism at NII, Delhi on February, 2020

E. Papers and poster presentations by my research group a. Kumari P. DevS/DosS sensor is bifunctional and its phosphatase activity prohibit the aerobic regulon expression of DevR/DosR in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Gordon Research Conference on TB Drug Discovery & Development, Spain, July 2019. b. Sikri K. Vitamin C boosts the sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis subpopulations to anti-tubercular drugs in combination therapy. Gordon Research Conference on TB Drug Discovery & Development, Spain, July 2019. c. Sharma S. Activation of DevR (DosR) dormancy regulon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by metabolite acetyl phosphate necessitates targeting DevR and not the cognate sensor kinases DevS/DosT in anti-mycobacterial therapy. Gordon Research Conference on TB Drug Discovery & Development, Spain, July 2019. d. Lavania S. Development and evaluation of novel bio-safe filter paper-based kits for sputum microscopy and transport to directly detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and associated drug resistance. Gordon Research Conference on TB Drug Discovery & Development, Spain, July 2019. e. Sharma S. Acetyl phosphate mediated activation of DevR (DosR) dormancy regulon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis highlights the importance of targeting DevR and not the cognate senosr kinases DevS/DosT in anti-mycobacterial therapy. Challenges of TB: UK- India Newton-Bhabha Fund RSC Researcher Links Workshop, Pune, December 2019. f. Vashist A. Perturbation of signaling by isolated receiver domain of DevR/DosR Response Regulator knocks down its gene function in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Challenges of TB: UK-India Newton-Bhabha Fund RSC Researcher Links Workshop, Pune, December 2019. g. Lavania S. Aptamer-Based rapid and sensitive diagnostic tests for screening pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Challenges of TB: UK-India Newton-Bhabha Fund RSC Researcher Links Workshop, Pune, December 2019. h. *Sharma S. Acetyl phosphate mediated activation of DevR (DosR) dormancy regulon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Implications in targeting DevR for anti-mycobacterial therapy. India-EMBO TB symposium 2020 – Mycobacterial Heterogeneity and host tissue tropism. New Delhi February 2020. i. Vashist A. Development and characterization of G-Quadruplex-forming DNA aptamers targeting DevR/DosR response regulator of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. India-EMBO TB symposium 2020 – Mycobacterial Heterogeneity and host tissue tropism. New Delhi February 2020. * JBC Young Emerging Scientist Best Poster Award‟ at India-EMBO TB symposium 2020

2.2.3 Scientific/Research Contributions of NASI Honorary Scientists

1. Dr. Partha Ghose Formerly Professor, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Research was focused mainly on „entanglement in classical optics‟ and the emerging area of „quantum modelling‟ of social sciences.

2. Significant research/scientific findings A scheme has been proposed to produce „spatially separable‟ Bell States in classical polarization optics and show that they violate the CHSH inequality maximally. If found to be true, it would imply that reality is contextual rather than nonlocal.

3. Publications during the period of report „Rabindranath and Science‟, in The Cambridge Companion to Rabindranath Tagore, ed. Sukanta Chaudhuri, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2020

4. Patents filed/collaborations established Active collaboration has been established with Dr. Sudip Patra, Assistant Professor, O. P. Jindal Global University, Quantum Social Science Center, Sonipat.

5. Award/Honour/Recognition Invited to deliver the 5th S. N. Bose Memorial Lecture at the Nehru Centre, Mumbai on 4th January, 2020.

6. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered i. Delivered talk on „S. N. Bose, the Ignored Genius‟, during S. N. Bose Memorial Lecture, held on January 4, 2020 at Nehru Planetarium, Mumbai. ii. Delivered a keynote address at the Conference on Quantum Physics, Brain Function in Modern Science & Buddhist Philosophy organized by Tibet House on January 18, 2020 at IIWC, Bengaluru. iii. Spoke on „Modeling of the Human Mind: Quantum or Simply Hilbert Space?‟, Conference on Quantum Physics, Brain Function in Modern Science & Buddhist Philosophy organized by Tibet House on January 19, 2020 at IIWC, Bengaluru. iv. Spoke on „Quantum and Classical Entanglements: Applications to Cognition and Social Sciences‟, during International Conference on Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy at O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Delhi, January 19, 2020.

2. Prof. Krishna Misra Applied Sciences Department, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Jhalwa, Prayagraj

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Synthesis, characterization and in silico study of some polyphenol derivatives and their application in controlling pathogenesis in Candida albicans. Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen which resides in human gut as friendly fungus but changes to pathogenic form under specific conditions. C albicans is major cause of superficial major concern for clinicians because of its ability to develop multi-drug resistance. Azoles are widely used by clinicians for antifungal therapy but its host toxicity and ability of C. albicans to develop resistance to azoles has made treatment difficult and costly. Candida can infect its host niches, there are several virulence factors attributing to this cause. These attributes include biofilm formation, adhesion, invasion, thigmotropism, phenotypic switching, hydrolytic enzyme secretions, adaptation to environmental pH and stress response C. albicans can switch its morphological forms such as unicellular budding yeast to true hyphae. It is generally a harmless commensal of human biome and resides in gastrointestinal cavity and genital organs in humans; however its filamentous form is frequently found to be virulent. Progression of Candida infection requires a number of factors and Efg1 is found to be a master regulator of Candida physiology as it finds role in numerous signaling cascades. Considering the facts, it was concluded that targeting Efg1 and N-myristoyltransferase may restrict Candida to undergo filamentation and therefore its pathogenesis. To achieve this around 1800 naturally occurring compounds were selected from the class of polyphenols viz. curcumin, coumarins and flavonoids. The ligand library was prepared for virtual screening by making Phase library of ligands using Schrödinger software. We could screen and select around 11 ligands which were likely to bind with active site of Efg1 and N-myristoyltransferase namely 3, 6- Dyhydroxyflavone, Naringin, Quercetin, Shikimic acid, Myricetin, Tricyclazole, Hexaconazole, Chalcone, 7-hydroxy Coumarin, Tetraacetate Quercetin and Pentaacetate Quercetin. The synthesis of four best fit compounds which along with quercetin were tested on wild type strain of Candida albicans, SC5314, constitute the major part of the report.

2. Significant research/scientific findings In summary, a large amount of data and experiments have witnessed the cause of virulence in C albicans. The present marketed antifungal drug Fluconazole, from azole family mainly targets ergosterol biosynthesis pathway required for cell membrane integrity. The drug resistance recently reported against azoles aggravates the requirement of more research towards more potent anti-fungal drugs to be discovered. In the present study Efg1 protein responsible for hyphal growth and glyoxylate pathway for the stress resistance and metabolism in Candida albicans has been targeted. Out of 1800 hits of naturally occurring polyphenols, ten were selected and put to in-silico and in-vitro studies. These synthesized compound, 7-hydroxy Coumarin, Quercetin, Quercetin pentaacetate, Quercetin tetraacetate, and Chalcone out of which four compounds had shown best anti-oxidant activity are described. The study concludes that ROS balance leads to control the balance in biome. These compounds are found abundantly in fruits and legumes. This study thus opens the doors towards safer natural polyphenol-based drugs as potent antifungals.

3. Publications during the period of report i. Krishna Misra, Sonali Mishra, Sumit Kumar Rastogi, Sangeeta Singh, Sneh Lata Panwar ,Manoj Kumar Shrivash, Controlling pathogenesis in Candida albicans by targeting Efg1 and Glyoxylate pathway through naturally occurring polyphenols, Molecular Biology Reports, doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-05014-z. (2019). ii. Krishna Misra, Manoj Kumar Shrivasha, Time efficient, sodium ethoxide mediated, C-C bond formation for production of α,β unsaturated compounds (Pro. Nat. Aca. Sci. Ind. A Phy. Sci. Accepted) 2020. iii. Krishna Misra, Manoj Kumar Shrivash, Shilipi Singh, Akhilesh Kumar Shukla, Suaib Luqman, Jyoti Pandey, Water mediated transition-metal-free-one pot cascade procedure for preparation of Stereoselective oximes as inhibitors of MRCK Kinase,( Journal of Molecular Structure, Accepted)2020.

4. Patents filed/collaborations established An Indian patent entitled „A novel conjugate of L-DOPA as an efficacious therapeutic agent for Parkinson‟s disease‟ has been filed.

5. Award/Honour/Recognition Several invitations for invited lectures from abroad, U.K., US, received grant for Advanced Center of Bioinformatics at IIIT-Allahabad.

6. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered  Keynote Address entitled „Pharmainformatics, Basics of drug designing [Application of IT to Pharmaceutical industry]‟ in a National Conference on Recent Trends in Chemical Sciences held on August 31, 2019 at Delhi University.  Keynote Address in International Conference held on December 17, 2019 at MNNIT, Allahabad.  Gave no. of lectures at different places (no record).

3. Prof. V P Kamboj Former Director, CDRI; Former Chairman, BIBCOL; Chairman, Board of Directors, Biotech Consortium India Ltd., New Delhi

A. Lectures 1. Presided the session on „Professor Meghnad Saha: A brief account of his remarkable contributions‟ (lecture delivered by Prof. Ajoy Ghatak) during the celebration 125th Birth anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha, the Founder President of NASI, a NASI Programme organized on April 9, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. 2. Chaired and summed up a Session on „Cutting edge Oncology research –II‟ during the SAC- ACCP Conference held on April 17- 18, 2019 at MRC Recreation Centre, Mumbai. 3. Presided and spoke during a NASI Programme on „Ba & Bapu: Commemorating the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi‟ at Biotech Park, Lucknow on April 22, 2019. 4. Invited as the Chief Guest and delivered Keynote Address on „Immunology for human health care” on World Immunology Day‟ on April 29, 2019 at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow. 5. Spoke in a workshop on „Aspire to be an Entrepreneur‟ held on May 14, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. 6. Invited as the Chief Guest and delivered Prof P Khanna Memorial lecture on „Make in India technologies for Health care of you and me‟ on August 14, 2019 at CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur. 7. Delivered a lecture on „Skill development- Make in India products for health security‟ held at Sikkim University, Gangtok on September 4, 2019. 8. Delivered a lecture on „Skill development- Make in India products for health security‟ under the theme: Bioeconomy and sustainable development at SRM University, Gangtok, on September 6, 2019. 9. Invited as the Chief Guest and spoke on “Changes in Indian Patent Act in 1971: Stimulated science & technology in our country” during IISF Outreach Programme on October 31,2019 at CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow. 10. Presided over Dr. S.H. Zaidi oration and spoke on „Why Ganga river water is sacred: self- purified and non-putrefied‟ at CSIR-IITR on November 14, 2019. 11. Spoke on Dr. AK Saxena‟s fifty years in a function held on November 18, 2019 in CSIR- CDRI. 12. Co-Chaired a lecture by Prof. A.K. Sood during NASI the Symposium at the 89th AGM of NASI held at the NAARM, Hyderabad on November 21, 2019. 13. Presided over and spoke in the Workshop on „Entrepreneur Development for Tribal youth‟ held on January 8, 2020at Biotech Park, Lucknow. 14. Chaired ICMT TAG on RUMC on prescription modules for IMG from 30.01.2020 to 01.02.2020 at NIRRH, Mumbai. 15. Co-Chaired Dr. (Mrs) Mridula Kamboj Memorial Oration entitled „Declining Fertility: Is Nature‟s Balancing‟ by Prof. Neelam Singh, AIIMS, New Delhi during the World Congress on Reproductive Health with emphasis on reproductive cancers, infertility and assisted reproduction and 30th Annual meeting of the ISSRF held on at SMVDU, Katra, Jammu from February 14-16, 2020. 16. Participated in the Golden Jubilee celebrations of NIRRH, Mumbai held on Feb 02, 2020. 17. Chaired IEC of Centre for Biomedical Research, Lucknow on Feb 22, 2020. 18. Chaired ICMR TAG on Product development at DHR on Feb 25, 2020.

19. Presided over and spoke on „India in Drug Development‟ in the Inauguration of the International Symposium on Current Trends in Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences (CTPMS- 20) held at GIPER, Kashipur from Feb 26- 29, 2020.

B. Meetings 1. ICMR-TAG committee site visit to AIIMS, New Delhi regarding Drug Development Centre, on April 10, 2019. 2. Chaired ICMR-TAG Drug Development Committee on May 2, 2019 at ICMR Headquarters, New Delhi. 3. Chaired BBAU Memorandum of Understanding Committee to approve MOU with Oxford University, UK on May 22, 2019. 4. Chaired BCIL Board Meeting on June 13, 2019. 5. Chaired ICMR-TAG on Rational Use of Medicine Centres at ICMR HQs, New Delhi on July 22-23, 2019. 6. Chaired AGM of BCIL, New Delhi on August 26, 2019. 7. Chaired ICMR-TAG meeting on RUMC at ICMR Hqrs, New Delhi on September 10-11, 2019. 8. Chaired BCIL Board meeting on September 30, 2019. 9. ICMR-TAG meeting on RUMC at NIRRH, Mumbai on October 9-10, 2019. 10. Chaired ICMR-TAG meeting RUMC at NIRRH, Mumbai on November 22-24, 2019. 11. Chaired ICMR-TAG meeting on RUMC at NIRRH, Mumbai on Jan 30 - Feb 01, 2020. 12. Chaired CBMR, Lucknow- IEC meeting held on February 22, 2020. 13. Chaired ICMR TAG meeting held on drug/product development at DHR, New Delhi. 14. Chaired ICMR-TAG meeting held on RUMC at ICMR-NIE, Chennai on March 17-19, 2020.

C. Publication Translational research in reproductive health. Kamboj, VP: ISSRF Newsletter, Issue 24: September 18-20, 2019

4. Prof. V A Bapat Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur

1. Title/Theme of the work being done a. To identify plants having maximum content of bioactive molecules related for treating Parkinson‟s disease and Alzheimer symptoms. b. Characterization of the process for extraction of the metabolites. c. Profiling and efficacy of the metabolites using latest high tech instruments. d. Establishment of plant cell cultures for understanding basic mechanisms. e. Attempts to enhance the metabolites through in vitro mutagenesis. f. Induced mutations on rice.

2. Significant research/scientific findings Recently, focus on Shikimic Acid (SA) has increased since its appearance as a key precursor for the synthesis of drug against H5N1 virus. Present work quantiﬁes shikimic acid from diﬀerent parts of clusiaceae species.

RP-HPLC analysis showed M. suriga collected form Siddhapur with higher content of shikimic acid. Similarly, leaves of all species showed highest content of SA than stem and fruits of species analyzed. Results revealed that the seasons had important role in accumulation of SA in M. suriga while young leaves showed highest accumulation of SA compared to different growth stages and sexuality of M. suriga does not affect SA content. Similarly, various methods had less role in extraction of SA. The findings are of considerable interest to design new bio products in pharmaceutical point of view and to provide suitable alternative source of SA to star anise. Pancratium L. (Amaryllidaceae J. St. Hil.) is a monocot genus with bulbous habitat and about 20 species worldwide have significant medicinal properties. The present envisage aims to investigate the potential ability of Pancratium species for acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibition as a remedy for Alzheimer disease (AD). Different Pancratium species were screened for the inhibition of AChE enzyme from various localities across India. Prominent species was further studied for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metal chelating and UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis. Rice is an important cereal crop worldwide and India has several rice varieties having looked- for traits. Work was in progress since last three years on induced mutations of two aromatic local landraces of rice (Kala Jirga and Ajaraa Ghansal). Physical and chemical mutagens were used to induce the mutations. Three successive generations were raised to isolate the mutants having desirable characters. All the properties of the would be mutants have been thoroughly assessed. During this Kharip season, (June 2020). M4 generation seeds would be sown for the further confirmation of the selected mutants. Two manuscripts on this work are under the review. Further work is in progress. The work on Swertia which was reported in the last year‟s report is continued further mainly focusing on the in vitro multiplication of the plant. Results are awaited.

3. Publications during the period of report Publications: i. PATIL R, AWARE C, GAIKWAD S, RAJBHOSALE M, BAPAT V.A., YADAV S and JADHAV J.(2019) RP-HPLC Analysis of Anti-Parkinson‟s Drug L-DOPA Content in Mucuna Species from Indian Subcontinent. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-018-01071-9 ii. AWARE C, PATIL R, VYAVAHARE G, GURAV R, BAPAT V. A. and JADAHV J. (2019) Processing effect on L DOPA, in vitro protein, and starch digestibility, proximate composition and biological activities of promising legume : Mucuna macrocarpa J Ame. Col. Nutrition https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2018.1547230 iii. KSHIRSAGAR P.R, AWARE C.B, PATIL S.M. and BAPAT V.A. (2019) Optimization of extraction techniques and quantification of Amarogentin by using iv. RP-UFLC methods from different Swertia species. Analytical Chem.Lett.9(3),373- 384 v. GURAV,R, NALAVADE V, AWARE C, VYAAHARE G, BHATIAL, S.K, YANG, YH, BAPAT V.A. and JADHAV J. (2019)Microbial degradation of poultry feather biomass in a constructed bioreactor and application of hydrolysate as bioenhancer to vegetable crops. Environmental Science and Pollution Research https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019- 06536-6 vi. PATIL,DN, YADAV SR., SUSHAMA PATIL S, VISHWAS A. BAPAT V.A. and JADHAV J.P.(2019)Multidimensional Studies of Pancratium parvum Dalzell Against Acetylcholinesterase: A Potential Enzyme for Alzheimer‟s Management. J. Amer. Col. Nutrition.https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2019.1709914 1-17 vii. KSHIRSAGAR PR, PAI SR. VYAVAHARE GD, BAPAT V.A. and DESAI NS.(2020) Prospecting alternative source of shikimic acid from clusiaceae of Western Ghats, India

100

and evaluating discrepancies with reference to seasonal variation, developmental stage and sex of Mammea suriga. Industrial Crops & Products. 149, 149, 112354 – 112358 viii. BAPAT V A, JAGTAP U.B, GHAG S.B and GANAPATHI T.R. (2019) Molecular approached for the improvement of under researched tropical fruit trees : Jackfruit, Guava and Custard apple Int. J. Fruit Sci. https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2019.1621236 ix. KSHIRSAGAR P.R, JAGTAP U.B., GAIKWAD N.B., BAPAT V.A. (2019) Ethanopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of medicinally potent genus Swertia : an update. South Afri. J. Bot., 124, 444-483. x. GANAPATI TR, NEGI S, TAK H. and BAPAT V.A. (2020) Transgenic banana : Current status, opportunities and challenges. In : Genetically modified crops. Springer (In press) xi. MURTHY HN. and BAPAT V.A. (2020) Importance of underutilized fruits and nuts In. Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized Fruits and Nuts, Reference Series in Phytochemistry, Springer. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30182-8_1 xii. JAGTAP UB, and BAPAT V.A. (2020). Exploring phytochemicals of Ficus carica. In. Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized Fruits and Nuts, Reference Series in Phytochemistry, Springer.,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30182-8-19

Book Editor: Currently, editing a book entitled Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized Fruits and Nuts, under the book series entitled Book Series- Reference Series in Phytochemistry by Springer Ltd. This book will be published shortly in May, 2020.

Front page of the book

4. Award/Honors/Recognition, if any, during the period of report One Dr. D.S. Kothari post doc fellow has been selected under my mentorship and will be joining after the current lockdown period.

5. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered, if any, during the period of report Due to the torrential floods in our areas in August/September 2019, many colleges were severally affected and infrastructures were heavily damaged and could not arrange invited talks. Regular academic lectures were taken in the University Departments.

101

Fig.1 Fig.2 Morphology of Swerita species Micropropogation of Swertia lawii

a-e: Swerita species collected from Western Ghats of India a-b: Flowers of Swertia lawii; f-k: Swerita species collected from Himalaya region of India c-d: Shoot multiplication e-g: In vitro rooting h-i; Callus induction j-k: Hardened plants of S. lawii

5. Prof. C Manoharachary Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Diversity, Taxonomy, Conservation and Bioprospecting of Hyphomycetous and Endophytic Fungi from some forest localities of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India.

2. Significant research/scientific findings i. A revised estimate of fungi 2.2 -3.8 million of fungi has been evolved. Around 1 lakh fungal species have been reported from world and of which 29000 fungi are reported from India. Around 6000 fungal species are reported by the present Honorary Scientist (i.e.by me). ii. Around 48 Endophytic fungi have been isolated from 8 medicinal plants along with elaboration of secondary metabolites. The fungus species, Pestalotiopsis microsporum isolated from the plant tissues of Terminalia tomentosa, revealed the presence of a metabolite which is antibacterial.

3. Publications during the period of report Publications: i. C. Manoharachary and Nath A. 2019 Stimulation of Ectomycorrhizal association in forests. Mycorrhiza News 30 (1), 15-16

102

ii. C. Manoharachary and D. Nagaraju 2019 Role of microbes and plant disease management (Eds R. N. Pandey et.al 2020) P 1-36, Published by Today and Tomorrow Printers and Publishers (New Delhi) iii. C. Manoharachary 2020, Diseases of Eucalyptus plantations from Telangana, JIBS, (Accepted)

Book: Fungal Biotechnology and Bio Engineering – 2020, Springer USA – Editors. C. Manoharachary, Vijai Gupta, Dr. Hersham, R.S. Upadhyay

4. Patents filed/collaborations established Protocol has been established for Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in some important forest trees. 5. Award/Honour/Recognition A.P. Mishra Lifetime Achievement Award, 2020 by IPS – ICAR, received at the 7th International Conference on Plant Pathology held at ICAR, New Delhi on 16th January, 2020.

6. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered i. Recent Advances in Biodiversity, Biology and Biotechnology of Fungi; November 7-9, 2019, National Conference, Pondicherry University. ii. National Conference of Phytochemicals and Mircobial Bioactive Compounds – Role in Agriculture and Human Welfare October 3-4, 2019. iii. World Bank – ICAR Workshop – Genomics Assisted Molecular Systematics of Fungi, July 2019. iv. 7th International conference on Challenges of Plant Pathology, IPS – ICAR- New Delhi. v. International symposium on Biodiversity and Biology of Algae, CAS Botany Madras University January 8-10, 2020. vi. UGC Sponsored International Conference on Material Science for Societal Advancement, Osmania University January 20 -22, 2020. vii. National Seminar on Recent Advances in Fungal Diversity, Plant Microbe Interaction and Disease Management, Banaras Hindu University 28-29 February, 2020.

Fig 1: Chaetomium globosum (450x) Fig 2: Ophistoma fimbriata (450x)

103

6. Prof. Satya Deo Harish Chandra Research Institute, Prayagraj

1. Title/Theme of the work being done The title of my work is „Topological Methods in Combinatorial Mathematics‟. The important problem mentioned in my original proposal as TTC (Topological Tverberg Conjecture) was solved by F. Frick during Feb 2015 (Arxiv). His solution, however, has left some important questions which are yet to be resolved. I have simplified the proof given by Frick and have been working on the remaining questions. The work involves the methods used by Ozayadin and developed further by Mabillard and Wagner (Eliminating Tverberg Points- an analogue of Whitney Trick). The symmetric groups and their orthogonal representations play an important role in solving the problem. This problem of Topological Combinatorics has attracted the attention of several active mathematicians like I. Barany, J. Matousek, G. M. Ziegler and a number of others. The counter example of minimum dimension obtained by Frick is an almost 6-embedding of $\Delta^{95}\to R^{18}$. Recently the minimum number in the counterexample has been brought down to an almost 6-embedding $\Delta^{65}\to R^12$ or in higher dimensions. It is not known whether we have a counter example in still a lower dimension, especially in the case $\Delta^{15}\to R^2$. The last question, which is highly geometric as well as very basic, is wide open and we are working to get a solution of this question.

2. Significant research/scientific findings In the meanwhile we have worked on the important concept of strong independence of a set in a linear space and the dimension of the Tverberg set. We have analyzed the strong independence and then computed the dimension of the Tverberg set. In fact, we have given an alternative proof of a theorem of Rees which gives the dimension of the Tverberg set under the assumption of strong independence. This is the second paper mentioned in our publications. The second question that we have studied and have obtained interesting results is about the existence of continuous maps from a round sphere to a triangulation of the sphere having the disjoint support property. This concept plays an important role in proving the topological Tverbeg theorem. We have obtained a number of results on this topic. In particular, we have proved that there cannot be a homeomorphism from n-sphere to its standard triangulation with (n+2) vertices having the disjoint support property. Then we have studied the special case of 2-sphere and its various triangulations having odd number or even number of vertices. For some, we prove that there are continuous maps having disjoint support property, but there are no homeomorphisms having the disjoint support property. The results are very interesting and the question in higher dimensional spheres and its various triangulations is still open. This work has been accepted for publication in Periodica Mathematica Hungarica.

3. Publications during the period of report Research Papers i. Continuous maps with disjoint support property (with Snigdha Choudhury), Periodica Mathematica Hungarica (Accepted for publication) ii. Strong Independence and the dimension of a Tverberg Set (with Snigdha Choudhury), Exposition Mathematique (under revision)

104

Books and Journals i. My book „Algebraic Topology, a Primer‟ published under the TRIM (#27) series of Hindustan Book Agency; New Delhi in the year 2003 has been revised and expanded to include three other chapters. Its second edition has appeared under the TRIM series of HBA in 2018. ii. The book „Topological Combinatorics‟ by me and S. D. Adhikari of HRI is nearing completion. Springer Verlag has approached us to publish this book and we hope to finalize it soon. iii. Proceedings of the International Conference on Mathematical Analysis and Applications in Modeling (ICMAAM -2018) Kolkata, Springer-Verlag (Nov 2019). iv. Chief Editor, Journal of Indian Mathematical Society, 2018 and onwards. v. Editor, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India (Physical Sciences), 2019 onwards.

4. Award/Honour/Recognition (i) Elected General Secretary of Indian Mathematical Society. (ii) Elected General Secretary of The National Academy of Sciences, India.

5. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered (i) Gave an invited talk on „Topological Combinatoircs‟ on April 16, 2019 in the Department of mathematics, NIT, Agartala. (ii) Gave a course of lectures on „Algebraic Topology‟ on May 27-31, 2019 at the Annual Foundational School (AFS) organized at HRI, Allahabad. (iii) Delivered a talk on „Co-Hopficity of fundamental groups of 3-manifolds‟ on May 21, 2019in the Department of Mathematics IIT, BHU. (iv) Delivered an invited talk on „Spline Modules‟ during the National Seminar on „Recent Developments in Mathematics‟ organized at PG DAV College, University of Delhi, Delhi on November 8-9, 2019. (v) Gave a course of six lectures on „Sheaf Cohomology‟ during the Advanced Instructional School (AIS) Workshop of NCM organized by the Department of Mathematics, University of Delhi, Delhi during November 26-30, 2019. (vi) Delivered an invited MHRD Benchmark Lecture on „Indian Contributions to Mathematics and Astronomy‟ organized by the University of Jammu, Jammu on December 10, 2019. (vii) Delivered a lecture on „History of Ancient Indian Mathematics‟ during the National Mathematics Day organized at the NASI, Allahabad during December 30-31, 2019. (viii) Delivered a Keynote Address on “Spline modules in approximation theory” during the National Seminar held at the J.P. Institute of Engineering and Technology, NOIDA on January 9, 2020. (ix) Gave a lecture on “History of Ancient Indian Mathematics” under the INSPIRE programme of DST to the 10+2 students at Purvanchal University, Jaunpur on January 28, 2020. (ix) Delivered a Keynote Address on „Contributions of ancient Indian Scientists‟ during the Science Day celebrations at CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur non February 28, 2020.

105

7. Prof. Aloknath Chakrabarti Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

Research work carried out Research has been carried out in the area of Integral Equations and their Applications for the Solution of Boundary Value Problems of Mathematical Physics. Some special problems of Scattering of Water Wave, by obstacles of various shapes and types, have been handled for their approximate solutions, as a continuation of the previous work.

Following are the details:

(a). Integral Equations (i) In continuation of the work involving Hypersingular Integral Equations of the Second Kind, a special approximate method has been developed to handle the solution of a class of these integral equations by utilizing the derivatives of Cauchy type singular integrals and their derivatives. The original problems are reduced to systems of Linear Alegebraic Equations whose solutions determine the solutions of the original Hypersingular integral Equations, under consideration. (ii) Certain Dual Trigonometric series relations occur while solving a class of mixed boundary value problems in the study of scattering of water waves by different structures. Such dual series relations are generally handled for their solution by reducing them to appropriate integral equations and solving the resulting integral equations, numerically. (iii) These dual relations are presently solved by the aid of Linear Algebraic Methods. Two basic dual trigonometric series relations involving a countable infinite number of unknowns are considered for their solution. The numerical values of the unknowns are determined with the help of the methods of Algebraic Least-Squares Approximation and Singular Value Decomposition. The final approximate solution of the considered dual series relations and the associated functions are compared with the existing results.

(b). Boundary Value Problems (i) A special mixed boundary value problem, having the physical problem of scattering of surface water waves by a permeable vertical barrier, involving water of infinite depth, has been solved by the use of Hypersingular Integral Equations. (ii) The problem of propagation of obliquely incident surface water waves over a pair of asymmetrical rectangular trenches, in a channel of finite depth has been examined for its solution. The resulting integral equations arising in the solution process of the problems are solved numerically by using suitably designed polynomial approximations of the unknown functions. (iii) The problems of propagation of surface water waves over a single and a pair of asymmetrically placed rectangular trenches have been solved by the aid of Linear Algebraic Least Square and Singular Value Decomposition Methods. The results obtained are found to be in excellent agreement with the results of certain particular cases, handled by Integral Equation Methods.

The following papers have been prepared: i. „A note on the solution of the problem of water wave scattering by a vertical permeable plate using Havelock‟s theorems‟, by R.Gayen, Sourav Gupta and A. Chakrabarti, submitted for publication , in ZAMM ( Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics ( Under Revision )

106

ii. „Modified method for the solution of dual trigonometric series relations‟, by A. Choudhary, S. C. Martha and A. Chakrabarti, (,Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences-Springer, February 2019 ( accepted ) iii. „Solution of the problem of propagation of water waves over a pair of asymmetrical rectangular trenches‟ by A. Kaur, S.C. Martha, A. Chakrabarti, Applied Ocean Research, December 2019 (in Press) iv. „An algebraic method of solution of a water wave scattering problem involving an asymmetrical trench‟ by A. Kaur, S. C. Martha, A. Chakrabarti, Computational and Applied Mathematics (Communicated) v. „Linear Algebraic Method of Solution of the problem of propagation of surface water waves involving a pair of asymmetrical rectangular trenches‟ by A. Kaur, S. C. Martha, A. Chakrabarti ( to be Communicated)

Other Activities

(1) Lectures Delivered i. The lecture on „Solving Wiener-Hopf Problems by the aid of Fredolm Integral Equations of the Second Kind‟ was delivered in a Workshop on Wiener-Hopf Technique held on August 13, 2019 at the Isaac Newton Institute (INI) of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, U.K. ii. The lecture on „Integral Equations and their Applications‟ was delivered in the Human Resources Development Centre of Bangalore University on November 22, 2019.

(2) Book Writing i. A book entitled The Wiener-Hopf Technique and its Applications is under preparation. (Writing is in progress) ii. Work/ planning on the writing of a book entitled Numerical Solutions of Linear Integral Equations with Applications is in progress.

8. Prof. R Sridharan Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad

I had been deeply involved in the research programmes of different institutes by being a member of different review committees of National institutes and also several Review committees of ISRO. The list is given below:

i. Chairman, Research Advisory committee of Indian Institute of Geomagnetism (IIG), Navi Mumbai ii. Member, Governing Council of IIG iii. Co-Chair, Scientific Advisory Committee of National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki, Tirupati - A Unit of Department of Space iv. Member, Scientific Advisory Committee of Space Physics Laboratory,VSSC, Thiruvananthapuram v. Member, Scientific Advisory Committee of Space Astronomy Group (SAG), of U R Rao satellite Centre, Bangalore vi. Experiments selection committee for ISRO‟s Venus mission vii. Basic design review committee viii. Payload finalization and critical design review committee for the upcoming DISHA (Aeronomy satellites) programme of ISRO In addition, I had been reviewing several scientific manuscripts for international journals, review of several national level technical reports and the like. 107

9. Prof. Anil Kumar Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee

1. Title/Theme of the work being done Development of Environmentally Benign Nanostructures for Energy-Related Applications Nanoscience and nanotechnology are contributing immensely for the design of newer nanomaterials. An increasing incorporation of nanomaterials into household consumer products and other devices, used in day-to-day activities, have raised serious concerns about their hazardous environmental, toxicological and health effects. In the present work, we have fabricated greener nanostructures in aqueous medium employing environmentally benign precursors and explored their applications.

2. Significant research/scientific findings An increasing importance of nanomaterials for the technological growth has necessitated the development of sustainable nanomaterials to meet out increasing worldwide requirements of: energy and fabrication of efficient devices/biomedical tools. In this reference we have undertaken research related to the design of greener nanostructures and explored their energy-related multifunctional applications. The global requirement of efficient and clean portable energy tools has led to vigorous research for developing electrochemical storage devices with high energy density and power density. In this reference we have developed N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) and fabricated N-rGO//N- rGO symmetric super capacitor cell demonstrating high cell voltage (2.5 V), energy density of 128 Wh/kg@813 W/kg with superb cycling stability (10000 cycles) in aqueous neutral electrolyte. It could further be extended to 2.7 V in quasi-solid gel electrolyte with an energy density of 142.2 Wh/kg@1013 W/kg (at 1.5 A/g.). It has also been used for forming a tandem device with higher output voltage and cyclic stability, thus demonstrating its excellent storage capability. In another project we followed a novel strategy for the fabrication of stimuli-responsive soft molecular hydrogels employing environmental friendly precursor(s) - FDA approved 5'-cytidine monophosphate molecule and inorganic core with low toxicity (β-FeOOH) in aqueous medium under physiological conditions. As synthesized hydrogels exhibited fairly high values of viscoelastic parameters-storage modulus, LVR range, shear stress and yield strain in oscillatory measurements; rapid multistimulus-responsiveness, reversible sol gel transition, self-healing/injectability, efficient model drug/dye(s) loading, release capability triggered by pH and thus, qualifying them as a smart material for environmental and biomedical applications.

3. Publications during the period of report (i). Anil Kumar and Priyanka. Environmentally benign pH-responsive cytidine-5'- monophosphate molecule-mediated akaganeite (5'-CMP-β-FeOOH) soft supramolecular hydrogels induced by the puckering of ribose sugar with efficient loading/release capabilities. New J. Chem. 43, 14997-15013 (2019). (ii). Sahil Thareja and Anil Kumar. High Electrochemical Performance of 2.5 V Aqueous Symmetric Supercapacitor based on Nitrogen doped Reduced Graphene Oxide. Energy Technology (Wiley) 1-11, DOI: 10.1002/ente.201901339 (2020). (iii). Ajay Kumar, H. Joshi and Anil Kumar. Remediation of Arsenic by Metal/Metal Oxide Based Nanocomposites/ Nano-hybrids: Contamination Scenario in Groundwater, Practical Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Separation and Purification Rev. 1-31, DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2020 1744649 (2020).

108

4. Patents filed/collaborations established (i). Atul Kumar, Anil Kumar and G.D. Varma, „An Ultrafast Resistive Type Humidity Sensor Based on Nanohybrids‟ - Filed Complete Specification (Indian Patent application no. 202011007304 dated 20/02/2020). Note: The present invention has developed a new material overcoming the problems of poor sensitivity and relatively longer sensing and recovery timings for the sensing of humidity.In this project, collaborated with a colleague in the Department of Physics, IIT Roorkee.

5. Award/ Honour/ Recognition (i). Award of Institute Chair Professor extended till May 2021 by the Institute vide Office Memo No. Estt.(A)/4294/E-5357 dated June 19, 2019. (ii). Appointed as the Emeritus Fellow at the Institute w.e.f. 01.07.2019 for two years.

6. Invited Talk (s)/Lecture (s) delivered (i).„Greener Protocols for the Fabrication of Biotemplated Nanostructures - their Multifunctional Applications‟ in Continuing Education Programme on „Environment and Nanosafety‟, on 17-19 February, 2020 at DRDO, New Delhi. (ii).„Environmentally Benign Greener Nanostructures for Certain Energy Applications‟ ; National Academies Lecture Workshop on „Materials Engineering for Sustainable Environment and Energy‟ held on January 10, 2020, at CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh. (iii).„Engineering of Nanostructured Materials for Some Light-Induced Energy Applications‟; National Academies Lecture Workshop on „Materials Engineering for Sustainable Environment and Energy‟ held on January 9, 2020 at CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh. (iv).„Greener Protocols for Designing Functional Nanostructures‟; National Conference on Advanced Functional Materials (NCAFM-2019), held on November 20-21, 2019 at Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi. (v). Photophysics of Nucleic acid-Mediated Semiconducting Nanostructures‟; National Workshop on „Photoluminescence and functional Materials (NWPFM- 2019)‟, held on June 20-21, 2019 at University of Madras, India.

(i) (ii)

(i) Symmetric Supercapacitor – Electrochemical Performance for Energy Storage

(ii) Soft Supramolecular Hydrogels – Multifunctional Properties and Application(s)

109

3. Publications of the Academy

110

A. Status of Publication of National Academy Science Letters

Significant Achievements  National Academy Science Letters received 2018 Impact Factor (IF) as 0.331 from Thomson Reuters.  2018 h5 Index of the journal is 13, which was 14 in the previous year.  It was found that more than half (2016-2017) of National Academy Sciences Letters were cited in different journals of the world in 2018 (web of Science).  2018 Scimage Journal Ranking is 0.166 for this journal.  The journal has received 2018 CiteScore as 0.46 as per data of Scopus.  All the manuscripts have been checked for plagiarism by a software “iThenticate”, before further processing.  521 papers were received from thirty countries/regions, viz. China, Egypt, India, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Nepal, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United States, Algeria, Aruba, Morocco, Norway, Romania, Spain, Venezuela, Swaziland, Ethiopia, Poland, Taiwan, and Vietnam during the period of report.  Overall rejection rate was 48% in 2012, 58% in 2013, 81% in 2014, 89% in 2015, 80% in 2016, 75% in 2017, 86% in 2018 and 84% in 2019.

Variation of Impact Factor during last five Years for National Academy Science Letters

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

B. Status of Publication of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section- A (Physical Sciences)

Significant Achievements  PNASI, Sec.A received 2018 Impact Factor (IF) as 0.681 from Thomson Reuters.  2018 H Index of the journal is 11, which was 11 in the previous year also.  It was found that more than half (2016-2017) of PNASI, Sec.A were cited in different journals of the world in 2018 (web of Science).  2018 Scimage Journal Ranking is 0.181 for this journal.  The journal has received 2018 CiteScore as 0.70 as per data of Scopus.  Special Issue on “Mathematical Modelling” is under process under the guidance of Prof. P. Kandaswami.

111

 All the manuscripts have been checked for plagiarism by a software “iThenticate”, before further processing.  Around 383 papers were received from twenty five countries/regions, viz. Algeria, Bangladesh, Benin, China, Egypt, France, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Korea, Nigeria, Pakistan, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Serbia, Thailand, Turkey, Tunisha, Malaysia, Morocco, Uzbekistan, Zimbabwe and United States during the period of report.  Overall rejection rate was 48% in 2012, 58% in 2013, 81% in 2014, 89% in 2015, 80% in 2016, 75% in 2017, 76% in 2018 and 87 % in 2019.

Variation of Impact Factor during last five Years for PNASI, Sec.A (Physical Sciences)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

C. Status of Publication of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section-B (Biological Sciences) Significant Achievements:  Comprehensive Editorial Board: Editor-in-Chief- Prof. Amit Ghosh, Managing Editor- Prof. U.C. Srivastava with 28 Editorial Board Members and another 37 Subject Editors (including 10 Foreign Experts)  The journal has received 2018 CiteScore as 0.62 (258 citations in 2018 divided by 415 publications during 2015-17) from Scopus; the 2017 CiteScore was 0.62 also.  2018 Google Journal H5 Index-=17; it was 16 in the previous year.  2018 Scimago Journal Ranking= 0.237, which was also 0.237 in the previous year.  2018 SNIP (Source Normalized Impact Factor)= 0.524 which was 0.457 in the previous year  Thomson Reuters Impact factor = 0.396 (of 2013).  Springer citations= 617 for all 1151 (published + Online) articles as per citations.springer.com.  All the manuscripts have been checked for plagiarism by a software “iThenticate” before further processing  Around 500 manuscripts have been received from 37 countries, viz. Algeria, Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Chile, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kajakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, USA, and Vietnam during the period of report.  Overall rejection rate was 51% in 2012, 59% in 2013, 67% in 2014, 73% in 2015, 78% in 2016, 69% in 2017, 65% in 2018 and 70 % in 2019.  Citation of articles published in the journal has significantly increased; however, self- citation has remarkably decreased as per Scimago website- www.scimagojr.com. 112

4. Memorial Lecture Awards (2019)

The following awards were given -

1. Prof. Meghnad Saha Memorial Lecture Award to Prof. Ajoy K Ghatak, D-42, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016 2. Prof. N.R. Dhar Memorial Lecture Award to Prof. V Chandrasekhar, Centre Director, TIFR Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad- 500107 3. Prof. Archana Sharma Memorial Lecture Award to Prof. Paramjit Khurana, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021 4. Prof. M.G.K. Menon Lecture Award to Dr. Nikhil Tandon, Professor, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, AIIMS, New Delhi-110049 5. Prof. M.G.K. Menon Memorial Award to Prof. C N R Rao, Linus Pauling Research Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, JNC President‟s House, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore-560012 6. Prof. V.P. Sharma Memorial Lecture Award to Prof. Veena Tandon, NASI Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellow, Biotech Park, Jankipuram, Sector G, Kursi Road, Lucknow-226021 7. Prof. A.K. Sharma Memorial Lecture Award to Prof. Sudhir K Sopory, Former Vice-Chancellor, JNU, New Delhi 8. Prof. Prafulla Chandra Ray Memorial Lecture Award to Dr. A V Rama Rao, Chairman & Managing Director, AVRA Laboratories, AVRA House, Sai Enclave, Habshiguda, Hyderabad--500007 9. Prof. A.C. Banerji Memorial Lecture Award to Dr. Anurag Kumar, Director, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560012 10. Dr. B.P. Pal Memorial Lecture Award to Dr. Ramesh V Sonti, Director, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asif Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067 11. Dr. P. Sheel Memorial (Young Woman Scientist) Lecture Award to Dr. Ritu Trivedi, Principal Scientist, CSIR-CDRI, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow-226031 12. Prof. B.K. Bachhawat Memorial Lecture Award to Dr. Alok Dhawan, Director, CSIR-IITR, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, M.G. Marg, Post Box- 80, Lucknow-226001 13. Prof. U.S. Srivastava Memorial Lecture Award to Dr. Subeer S Majumdar, Director, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500032 14. Lecture Award in the field of Biodiversity to Prof. S K Barik, Director-CSIR, NBRI, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001 15. NASI-Buti Foundation Lecture Award to Dr. Manju Bansal, INSA Senior Scientist, Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012

113

5. NASI-Senior Scientist Platinum Jubilee Fellowships (2020)

The following were selected as Senior Scientists –

Biological Sciences

1. Dr. Gopal C Kundu, Scientist-G, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Pune - 411007 2. Dr. Shrirang Ramchandra Yadav, Professor, UGC BSR Faculty Fellow, Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur – 416004 3. Dr. Chinmay Kumar Panda, Senior Assistant Director Grade, Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata - 700026 4. Dr. H S Savithri, INSA Senior Scientist, Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore- 560012 5. Dr. L C Rai, BHU Distinguished Professor, DAE Raja Ramanna Fellow & JC Bose National Fellow, Former Head & Coordinator, CAS in Botany, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi-221005 6. Dr. P B Kirti, Former Professor of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad

Physical Sciences

1. Dr. Mythily Ramaswamy, Professor, TIFR Math Centre, P. Bag 6503, GKVK Post, Yelahanka, Bangalore - 560065 2. Dr. Anand P Pathak, Honorary Professor, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 3. Dr. Somnath Dasgupta, Visiting Professor, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, PO Mohanpur - 741246 4. Dr. R K Shyamsundar, Distinguished Visiting Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076 5. Dr. Harsh Kumar Gupta, Emeritus Professor, National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad – 500007

114

6. Recognitions/Awards

(A) NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Awards (2019)

Physical Sciences

Dr. Shantanu Bhattacharya, Professor, NL115X, Manufacturing Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016

Dr. Sukumar Mishra, Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110 016

Dr. Raja Shunmugam, Professor, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia – 741 246 (WB)

Biological Sciences

Dr. Samir K Maji, Associate Professor, Department of Biosciecne & Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai – 400076

Dr. Swarup K Parida, Staff Scientist IV, Lab No-109, National Institute of Plant Genome & Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box No: 10531, New Delhi- 110067

Dr. Atul Goel, Senior Principal Scientist, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extn., Sitapur Road, Lucknow-226031

(B) NASI-Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Awards (2019)

Electronics, Computer Science and Engineering 1. Dr. Sandeep Anand, Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016 2. Dr. Shyamprasad Karagadde, Assistant Professor, Room S33, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai-400 076

Chemical Sciences 1. Dr. K Geetharani, Assistant Professor, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Banglore- 560 012 2. Dr. Brindaban Modak, Scientific Officer–E, Theoretical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085 3. Dr. Murali Banavoth, Assistant Professor, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad Central University P.O., Hyderabad – 500 046

115

Earth Science, Mathematics and Physics

1. Dr. Abhik Ghosh, INSPIRE Faculty, Interdisciplinary Statistical Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata, 203, B.T. Road, Kolkata – 700 108 2. Dr. Debasish Borah, Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati-781 039 3. Dr. Veerendra Kumar Sharma, Scientific Officer (F), Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085 4. Dr. Auditya Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066

Bio-medical, Molecular Biology and Bio-technology 1. Dr. Mohan C D, Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006 2. Dr. Subhash Mehto, DST-SERB National Post-doctoral Fellow, Institute of Life Sciences , Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubneshwer - 751 023, Odisha 3. Dr. Vikas Yadav, Research Associate, Molecular Mycology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Center for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru – 560064 4. Dr. Ved Prakash Dwivedi, Group Leader, Department of Immunology, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-302 004 5. Dr. Naresh Lalaji Selokar, Scientist, Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar-125 001, Haryana

Plant Sciences, Agriculture and Environment

1. Dr. Poonam Mehra, DST-INSPIRE Faculty, Lab No-203, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110 021 2. Dr. Rajesh Chandra Misra, Post-doctoral Scientist, Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, C/o Mr. Daya Krishna Misra, Bhagwati Niwas, 656/1857-39B, Near IISE, Kanchan Nagar, Kalyanpur, Lucknow-226 022 3. Dr. Alice Kujur, DST-INSPIRE Faculty, C/o Dr. Rajeev K. Varshney, Building 300, Centre of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid, Patancheru, Hyderabad-502 324 4. Dr. Sunita Kushwah, Post-Doctoral Fellow, Umea Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden, D/c Indra Singh Kushwah, 376, Gulab Bag Colony, Ring Road, Dewas Naka, Indore – 452 010 5. Dr. Ram Hasthi, DST-INSPIRE Faculty, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab

116

NASI-SCOPUS Young Scientist Awards –2019

Women in Science  Dr. Neetu Singh, Associate Professor, Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Agriculture, Plant Sciences and Rural Development  Dr. Rupesh Deshmukh, Ramalimgaswamy Fellow, National Agri- Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali Environmentally sound sustainable development  Dr. Anoop Sharad Mahajan, Scientist Engineer, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune Biomedical research and healthcare  Dr. N Ravi Sundaresan, Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru Innovation in engineering and physical sciences  Dr. Debabrata Maiti, Associate Professor, IIT Bombay

L - R: Dr. Rupesh Deshmukh , Dr. N Ravi Sundaresan, Dr. Youngsuk 'YS' Chi, Shri R Subrahmanyam, Dr. Manju Sharma, Dr. Neetu Singh, Dr. Anoop Sharad Mahajan, Dr. Debabrata Maiti

(C) i) NASI-SWARNA JAYANTI PURASKARS for best paper (Oral/Poster) 2019 Ms. Bhawna Kushwaha, Central Institute for Research on Goats (ICAR-CIRG), Mathura, U.P. Mr. Vikas Kumar, Department of Microbiology, Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee University, Ranchi, Jharkhand Ms. Aparna Pandey, Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P. Ms. Susmita Das, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratary, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, W.B. Dr. Manoj Kumar, Department of Statistics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh

117

ii) NASI-Springer Award (Oral/Poster) 2019

Ms. Anindita paul, ICAR- Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry, A.P.

Ms. Priyanka Gautam, Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P. Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, Neurobiology Lab. Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P.

Mr. Abhishek Dutta, Department of Botany, University of Jammu, J&K

Mr. Irshad Ahmad, Department of Applied Science & Humanities, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi

7. Fellowship and Membership

The National Academy of Sciences, India has a two-tier composition, comprising Members and Fellows, right from its inception. Both categories participate in the activities of the Academy.

The Academy has a total of 1851 Fellows including 17 Honorary Fellows and 106 Foreign Fellows. These include scientists from all disciplines of Science and Technology from India and abroad. These numbers also include the Fellows and Foreign Fellows elected/admitted during the year 2019 (Annexure-II). At present the Academy has 1811 Members on its roll of which 38 were admitted during the year 2019 (Annexure-III).

8. Obituary

The Academy condoled the sad demise of the following Fellows/Honorary Fellows/Foreign Fellows:

1. Dave, Laxmiprasad D. 2. Ghose, Tarun K. 3. Gupta, Purna Chandra 4. Kaul, R.N. 5. Maheshwari, Satish C. 6. Shah, V.M. 7. Sharma, Chandra Prakash 8. Subbarayappa, B.V 9. Thottappilly, George 10. Tripathi Radhey Shyam

118

9. COUNCIL

Council 2019

President 1. Prof. G. Padmanaban, PhD, DSc(hc), FNASc, FNA, FASc, FTWAS, Former Director,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560012 Past Presidents 2. Prof. Anil Kakodkar, DSc(hc), FNASc, FASc, FNAE, FIE, Formerly Chairman, AEC & Secretary, DAE, GOI; Chairman, TIFAC & Member AEC, BARC, Trombay, Mumbai – 400085 3. Prof. S.K. Joshi, DPhil, DSc(hc), FNASc, FNA, FASc, FTWAS, Mem.Russian Acad.Sc., Formerly Director General, CSIR & NASI Platinum Jubilee Chair Distinguished Professor; # 252, National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012 Vice-Presidents 4. Prof. Jaya S. Tyagi, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, Professor & Head, Dept. of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi - 110029 5. Prof. Lal Chand Rai, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FNAAS, DAE Raja Ramanna Fellow & JC Bose National Fellow, CAS in Botany, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi - 221005 Treasurer 6. Prof. Balakrishnan Ramakrishnan, PhD, FNASc, Professor-H, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad – 211019 Foreign Secretary 7. Prof. P.N. Rangarajan, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, FAMS, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560012 General Secretaries 8. Prof. Paramjit Khurana, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, FNAAS, FTWAS, JC Bose National Fellow, Professor & Head, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi - 110021 9. Prof. Satya Deo, PhD(Arkansas, USA), FNASc, Formerly Vice-Chancellor, APS University, Rewa, MP; Honorary Scientist, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad - 211019 Members 10. Prof. Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, Ph.D., FNASc, FNAE, Director, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B.T. Road, Kolkata – 700108 11. Dr. Suchitra Banerjee, Ph.D., FNASc, Formerly Chief Scientist, Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, PO - CIMAP, Lucknow – 226015 12. Prof. Balram Bhargava, MBBS, MD, DM, FNASc, FACC, FAHA, FAMS, Secretary, Department of Health Research, GoI; & Director General, Indian Council of Medical Research, PO Box No. 4911, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi – 110029

119

13. Prof. Subhra Chakraborty, PhD, FNASc, FASc, FNAAS, Staff Scientist VII, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi – 110067 14. Dr. Swapan K. Ghosh, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, FTWAS, Distinguished Professor, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Health Centre Building, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098 15. Dr. A.S. Kiran Kumar, FNASc, FNAE, FIETE, FAPAS, FIMS, FGSA, FISRS, Formerly Chairman, ISRO & Secretary, Department of Space; 485/1, Vyoma, 80 Ft. Road, R.T. Nagar, Bangalore – 560032 16. Dr. Smita Dilip Mahale, Ph.D., FNASc, FNA, Scientist G & Director, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai – 400012 17. Dr. Gyan Chandra Mishra, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, NASI-Chair Distinguished Professor, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, NCCS Complex, Pune-411007 18. Dr. Shailesh Nayak, Ph.D., DSc(hc), FNASc, FASc, Director, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore – 560012 19. Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao, PhD, FNASc, FIEEE, FNA, FASc, FNAE, FIETE, Director, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110016 20. Prof. Anunay Samanta, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, Professor & JC Bose National Fellow, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500046 21. Dr. Dinesh Kumar Srivastava, PhD, FNASc, FNA, Raja Ramanna Fellow, Formerly Director & Distinguished Scientist, Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata – 700064 22. Dr. Anil Kumar Tripathi, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FNAAS, FRBS, FAMI, Director, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, PO CIMAP, Lucknow – 226015 23. Prof. Umesh Vasudeo Waghmare, Ph.D.(Yale), FNASc, FNA, FASc, Professor, Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore – 560064

DST Secretary‟s Nominee

 Prof. Sibaji Raha, Ph.D., FNASc, Former Director, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII-M, Kolkata – 700054

Council 2020

120

Vice-Presidents 4. Prof. Jaya S. Tyagi, NASI- Senior Scientist, Dept. of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi - 110029

5. Prof. Lal Chand Rai, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FNAAS, DAE Raja Ramanna Fellow & JC Bose National Fellow, CAS in Botany, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi - 221005 Treasurer 6. Prof. U.C. Srivastava, Managing Editor-Proceeding of NASI, Formerly Professor of Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj – 211002 Foreign Secretary 7. Prof. P.N. Rangarajan, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, FAMS, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560012 General Secretaries 8. Prof. Paramjit Khurana, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, FNAAS, FTWAS, JC Bose National Fellow, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi - 110021 9. Prof. Satya Deo, PhD(Arkansas, USA), FNASc, Formerly Vice-Chancellor, APS University, Rewa, MP; Honorary Scientist, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad - 211019 Members 10. Prof. Talat Ahmad, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, JC Bose National Fellow, Vice- Chancellor, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006 11. Prof. Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, Ph.D., FNASc, FNAE, Director, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B.T. Road, Kolkata – 700108 12. Dr. Suchitra Banerjee, PhD, FNASc, NASI- Senior Scientist, Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, PO - CIMAP, Lucknow – 226015 13. Prof. Rakesh Bhatnagar, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, Vice-Chancellor, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 211005 14. Dr. Swapan K. Ghosh, PhD, FNASc, FNA, FASc, FTWAS, Distinguished Professor, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Health Centre Building, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098 15. Prof. Rama Govindarajan, PhD, FNASc, FASc, Professor, International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru – 560089 16. Dr. A.S. Kiran Kumar, FNASc, FNAE, FIETE, FAPAS, FIMS, FGSA, FISRS, Former Chairman, ISRO & Secretary, Department of Space; 485/1, Vyoma, 80 Ft. Road, R.T. Nagar, Bangalore – 560032 17. Dr. Smita Dilip Mahale, Ph.D., FNASc, FNA, Scientist G & Director, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai – 400012 18. Dr. Shailesh Nayak, Ph.D., DSc(hc), FNASc, FASc, Director, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore – 560012 19. Prof. Isan K. Patro, PhD, FNASc, FIAN, FCINP, Vice-Chancellor, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack – 753003 20. Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao, PhD, FNASc, FIEEE, FNA, FASc, FNAE, FIETE, Director, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110016 121

21. Prof. Anil K. Singh, PhD, FNASc, FASc, Former Professor of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Res: A-1603, Lake Primrose, Lake Homes, Powai, Mumbai-400076

22. Prof. Sanjeev Sinha, MD(Medicine), FNASc, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi – 110029

23. Prof. Umesh Vasudeo Waghmare, Ph.D.(Yale), FNASc, FNA, FASc, Professor, Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore – 560064

DST Secretary‟s Nominee

 Prof. Sibaji Raha, Ph.D., FNASc, Former Director, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII-M, Kolkata – 700054

10. Meetings

Four Council Meetings, two Meetings of the Fellows and one Annual General Body Meeting were held during the period of the report. Several other meetings as of Fellowship Scrutiny Committee, Membership Scrutiny Committee, Editorial Board Meetings, Standing Committees of Finance, and Purchase, Lecture Award Scrutiny Committees, Science Teacher Award Scrutiny Committee, Library Committee and other Sub committees also met during the year. The Academy also observed Vigilance Week and Hindi Diwas/Pakhwara during the period of report.

122

11. Organizational Chart

Council

President Editorial Committees Boards constituted Vice-Presidents of the by Journals the Council Treasurer General Secretaries Foreign Secretary

Executive Secretary

Deputy Executive Secretary

Assistant Executive Secretaries

Section Officers

Office Assistants

To manage the following activities of the Academy

NASI-Chairs Scientific Organisatio Science Scientific Fellowship/ & Exhibits nal Communicat Publications Membership Senior & Activities/ ion Activities Scientists Documentati Chapters on

Collaboratio Despatch/ Correspond Scientific Awards Library Finance ns ence Projects/ & & & Accounts & Meetings & others Research Recognition Information

123

12. Finance

Standing Finance Committee - 2019

1. Prof. G. Padmanaban, President - Chairperson 2. Prof. Jaya S. Tyagi – Vice-President 3. Prof. Lal Chand Rai – Vice-President 4. Joint Secretary & Financial Advisor, DST, New Delhi or his/her nominee 5. Prof. Balakrishnan Ramakrishnan– Treasurer 6. Prof. U.C. Srivastava, UoA, Prayagraj -Member 7. Prof. Satya Deo - General Secretary (HQ) 8. Prof. Paramjit Khurana - General Secretary (outstation)

Standing Finance Committee - 2020

1. Prof. G. Padmanaban, President - Chairperson 2. Prof. Jaya S. Tyagi – Vice-President 3. Prof. Lal Chand Rai – Vice-President 4. Addl. Secretary & Financial Advisor, DST, New Delhi or his/her nominee 5. Prof. U.C. Srivastava, UoA, Prayagraj - Treasurer 6. Prof. Satya Deo - General Secretary (HQ) 7. Prof. Paramjit Khurana - General Secretary (outstation)

Financial Position

The financial position of the Academy for the year ended on March 31, 2019 is given in Annexure-IV.

The Academy records its grateful thanks to the following Departments of the Government of India for financial support:

(a) Department of Science & Technology, New Delhi (b) Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi (c) Department of Atomic Energy, New Delhi (d) Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi (e) Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

124

13. Chapters of the Academy

Glimpses of the activities organized by the NASI Local Chapters

125

Constitution and Activities of the Chapters

The Academy has 21 Local Chapters spread all across the country to disseminate the knowledge and communicate Science in different regions of the country. The fellows/ Members present in the respective regions constitute the Chapters with the approval of the NASI Council. 1. Ahmedabad Chairman: Prof. Surya Pratap Mehrotra, Professor-in-Charge R&D, and Professor-in- Charge, External Relations, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar Secretary: Prof. O.P. Saxena, Formerly Professor & Head, Department of Botany, School of Sciences, Gujrat University, Ahmedabad 2. Bangalore Chairman: Prof. Ashok Misra, NASI-Platinum Jubilee Chair Distinguished Professor,IISc, Bangalore Secretary: Prof. P.N. Rangrajan, Department of Biochemistry, IISc, Bangalore 3. Bhopal Chairman: Prof. Bhavdish Narain Johri, NASI Senior Scientist, Department of Biotechnology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal Secretary: Dr. Shivesh Pratap Singh, Professor & Head, Department of Zoology, Govt. Autonomus College, Satna 4. Chandigarh Chairman: Prof. Inder Bir Singh Passi, Honorary Professor, IISER, Mohali , Chandigarh Secretary: Prof. Ravinder Kumar Kohli, JC Bose National Fellow, Vice-Chancellor, Central University of Punjab 5. Chennai Chairman: Prof. H.S. Mani, Adjunct Professor, Chennai Mathematical Institute, Chennai Secretary/Coordinator: Dr. Sudha Nair, CEO, Golden Jubilee Biotech Park for Women Society, Taramani, Chennai 6. Delhi Chairman: Prof. Ajay K. Ghatak, MN Saha Distinguished Professor, Formerly Professor at IIT Delhi Secretary: Prof. Anurag Sharma, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 7. Hyderabad Chairman: Dr. Ch Mohan Rao, CSIR - Distinguished Scientist; JC Bose National Fellow & Former Director, Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad Secretary: Prof. Subeer Suhash Majumdar, Director, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 8. Jaipur Chairman: Prof. Hriday Narain Verma, Vice-Chancellor, Jaipur National University, Jaipur Secretary: Prof. Lal Singh Rajpurohit, Professor & Head, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur 9. Jammu (including Jammu & Kashmir) Chairman: Prof. Ram Vishwakarma, Director, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Secretary: Prof. Ravinder Nath Gohil, Former Professor of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu

126

10. Jharkhand Chairman: Dr. Arvind Sinha, Chief Scientist & Head, Advanced Materials & Processes Division, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur Secretary: Dr. Ranjan Kumar Sahu, Principal Scientist, Materials Science & Technology Division, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur 11. Kerala Chairman: Prof. K.V. Peter, Former Vice-Chancellor, KAU & Director, ICAR IISR, Calicut Secretary: Prof. B. Mohan Kumar, ICAR Emeritus Scientist, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 12. Kharagpur Chairman: Prof. Indranil Manna, Professor, Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur; Former Director, IIT Kanpur Secretary: Dr. Anil Kumar Gupta, JC Bose National Fellow & Professor, Department of Geology & Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 13. Kolkata Chairman: Prof. H.K. Majumder, NASI Senior Scientist, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata Secretary: Dr. Chitra Mandal, DBT Distinguished Biotechnology Research Professor, JC Bose National Fellow, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata 14. Lucknow Chairman: Prof. Pramod Tandon, Chief Executive Officer, Biotech Park, Lucknow Secretary: Dr. Suchitra Banerjee, NASI Senior Scientist, Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow 15. Mumbai Chairman: Prof. Anil Kumar Singh, Director (Independent), RCFL, Mumbai Secretary: Prof. Rajesh Kumar Vatsa, Head, Cluster Chemistry Section, Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 16. North-Eastern Region Chairman: Prof. Anupam Chatterjee, Head, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong Secretary: Prof. S.R. Joshi, Professor, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 17. Odisha Chairman: Dr. Ajay K. Parida, Director, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar Secretary: Prof. I.K. Patro, Vice-Chancellor, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 18. Patna Chairman: Dr. Pradeep Das, Director, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna Secretary: Prof. R.K. Sinha, Vice-Chancellor, Nalanda Open University, Patna 19. Pune Chairman: Prof. Gyan Chandra Mishra, NASI Senior Scientist, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, NCCS Complex, Pune Secretary: Prof. Somak Raychaudhury, Director, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Pune 20. Uttarakhand Chairman: Prof. A.N. Purohit, Formerly Vice-Chancellor, HNB Garhwal University, Dehra Dun Secretary: Dr. Rajendra Dobhal, Director General, Uttarakhand State Council for Science & Technology, Vigyan Dham, Dehradun 127

21. Varanasi Chairman: Prof. Madhoolika Agrawal, Professor & Head, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi Secretary: Prof. Daya Shankar Pandey, Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

The activities organized by the Chapters during the year 2019-20 are summarized below:

1. Ahmedabad

 A lecture on „Cyber-crime‟ was delivered by Shri Ketul Modi, PSI, Cyber Crime Cell, Ahmedabad on December 13, 2019.  To execute a Village project on drinking water and spread awareness about health, education and environment, the Chapter organized the Village Camp at Mota Chhapra on December 28, 2019 under the guidance of Prof. Chirag Trivedi. On December 28, 2019, a lecture cum demo was arranged in the school to discuss the water problems of the village used for drinking and cultivation. Rtn. Kapil Bhavsar spoke on various aspects of water quality.  A Health Diagnosis and Treatment Camp was organized on January 12, 2020 at Khatti Sitra village of Amirgarh taluka, in Banaskantha district. The event was coordinated by Dr. O P Saxena, the Secretary of the Chapter, where Dr. Rafiqbhai Manasiya served 72 people including women, children and elderly people with health problems.  A lecture on „Gandhi in digital society‟ was delivered by Prof. Premanand Misra, Dean and Head, Faculty on Gandhian Studies, Gujarat Vidyapith in a function organized by the Chapter on January 30, 2020. Prof. Bimla Buti, Director, Centre of Science and Society, New Delhi expressed her views on „Chaos and its implications on sciences‟.  A seminar on „Diabetes‟ was organized on February 15, 2020 at Department of Zoology, Gujarat University. Dr. Chitra Shukla spoke on „Introduction, Symptoms, Types and Tests‟. Dr. Jankhana Rathod talked about „Homeopathy and Allopathy treatments and information on sweeteners‟ while Dr. Dilip Pandya spoke on „Management of Diabetes through Ayurveda‟. Further, Dr. Monika Christian elaborated on „Herbal and Herbal Products available to control Diabetes‟ and Dr. Rajan Dalal talked about „Physical exercises and Balanced Nutrition- A pyramid of nutrition, exercises and medication‟.

Pictographic display of the activities

128

2. Bangalore

 A four-day National Seminar on „Innovations in Science & Engineering‟ was jointly organized by the Chapter and Sir M Visveswaraya Institute of Technology (MVIT), Bangalore on February 25-28, 2019 at MVIT campus. The Inaugural Address was delivered by Prof. Ashok Misra, Chairman, NASI Bangalore Chapter followed by lectures on „AI and Precision Agriculture‟ by Dr. Kota Harinarayana, VC, University of Hyderabad; „Cosmic Dawn: when the first stars and galaxies were born‟ by Dr. Ravi Subrahmanyan, Director of the Raman Research Institute; „Resurgence of Organic Photovoltaics‟, „Organic Light emitting Diodes and Organic Field Effect Transistors‟ by Dr. K S Narayan; „Applications of Solar Energy Using Various Technologies‟ by Dr. Giridhar Madras.  A lecture on „How the Saha Ioninzation Equation was discovered‟ was delivered by Prof. Arnab Rai Choudhury on August 13, 2019 at IISc to mark the 125th Birth Anniversary celebrations of Prof. Meghnad Saha, the Founder President of NASI.  A lecture entitled „Analyzing Gandhiji, his Leadership and Relevance‟ was delivered by Dr. Shrikrishna Kulkarni, the great grandson of Mahatma Gandhi; and Chairman, IIM, Calcutta on September 6, 2019 at IISc, as part of 150th Birth Anniversary celebrations of Mahatma Gandhi.  A lecture workshop on „Advanced Materials, Biosustainability and Energy‟ was organized on September 12-13, 2019 in collaboration with Christ University. The event was addressed by Prof. Chandrabhas Narayana (JNCASR), Prof. Eswaramoorthy (JNCASR), Prof. Aninda Bhattacharyya (IISc), Prof. Sebastian Peter (JNCASR) and Prof. Umesh Waghmare (JNCASR).  An International Conference on „Life, Chemical and Health Sciences‟ was jointly organized by M.S. Ramaiah College, Bangalore, NASI Bangalore Chapter and Karnataka Science and Technology Academy (KSTA). Prof. G Padmanaban, President, NASI delivered the Keynote Address followed by the lectures delivered by several NASI fellows.  A lecture workshop was jointly organized by the Chapter and Karnataka Science & Technology Academy (KSTA) on October 15, 2019 at Bi Bi Raza Degree College for Women, Gulbarga, Karnataka. Prof. P N Rangarajan delivered a lecture entitled „Traditional, Modern and futuristic vaccines‟.  NASI HQ, Prayagraj and NASI Bangalore Chapter jointly organized Prof. MGK Menon Memorial Lecture Award function on November 15, 2019 at IISc, Bangalore. The lecture was delivered by Prof. C N R Rao.  To celebrate the 100th Birth Anniversary of Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the Chapter along with NASI HQ jointly organized a two-day lecture workshop in which several eminent speakers delivered lectures on the Indian Space Program and acknowledged the key contributions of Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.

129

Pictographic display of the activities

3. Bhopal

S.No NASI-Bhopal Chapter Activity Institution Associated with Date of Activity

1. International Conference on A.K.S University, Satna April 05-07, 2019 „Advances and Innovations in (M.P.) Biotechnology for Sustainable Development‟ 2. National Workshop on „Molecular Mansarovar Global September 05-07, Systematics: Concepts, Methods & University, Bhopal (M.P.) 2019 Applications‟ 3. Brainstorming on „Safe and M.P. Council of Science & September 19-21, 2019 Sustainable Water including Technology, Bhopal (M.P.) Sanitation: A Road to Swachh and Swasth Bharat‟ 4. Seminar on „Microbes in Clean Barkatullah University, September 23, 2019 Environment‟ Bhopal (M.P.) 5. „Scientific Expression' for the students A.P. S. University, Rewa October 01, 2019 of Ph.D course work. (M.P.)

130

6. International Conference on Mansarovar Global November 29-30, 2019 „Advances in Sustainable Agriculture: University, Bhopal (M.P.) Bio- resources, Biotechnology and Bio-economy‟ 7. National Seminar on „River M.G. Chitrakoot Gramodaya December 6-7, 2019 development, water resource Vishwavidalaya, Chitrakoot conservation and management‟ (M.P.) 8. International Conference on „Recent Govt. Holkar Science December 14-15, 2019 Advances in Life Science for College, Indore (M.P.) betterment of Environment and Human Health 9. National Conference on „Climate Environment & Social February 01-02 , 2020 Change and Global Health Welfare Society, Khajuraho Management‟ (M.P.) 10. National Workshop on „Opportunity Govt. Autonomous Post February 10-17, 2020 and Extension in the field of Graduate College, Satna Entrepreneurship Development‟ (M.P.) 11. Climate Conclave 2020 on „Scientific SHEFWEL and NIDAN March 7-8 , 2020 & Environmental Innovation and Sarvajan Welfare Society, Implementation of Sustainable Bhopal, MPCST, Bhopal Development Goals‟ (M.P.) 12. Awareness Programme on Minal Welfare Society, June 05, 2019 „Environmental Awareness and Bhopal (M.P.) Plantation‟ on World Environment day 13. Awareness Programme on „World M.P. Ayurved Adhikari July 28, 2019 Nature Conservation Day and Sangh and M.P. Council of World Hepatitis day‟ Science & Technology, Bhopal (M.P.) 14. Awareness Programme on „Water M.P. Pollution Control September 4, 2019 Pollution due to Idol Immersion‟ Board, Satna (M.P.) 15. Invited Lecture on „Vighyan se  Govt. P.G. Girls College, January 21, 2020 Adhyatm tak‟ by Prof. B N Pandey, Rewa(M.P.) Magadh University, Bodh Gaya , Bihar 16. National Science Day celebrations- Govt. Madhav Science P.G. February 28,2020 Science Exhibition on the theme of College , Ujjain (M.P.) „Plant health- a decisive factor for human health and Women in Science‟

17. Popular Lecture on „Biodiversity and Government Autonomous March 7, 2020 Global warming‟ by Prof. S P Singh, Post Graduate College Head, Govt. P.G. College, Panna Satna(M.P.) (M.P.) and Invited Lecture on „Traditional knowledge of Ayurvedic medicinal plants‟ by Dr. Manoj Tripathi, D.R.I, Arogyadham, Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.)

131

Pictographic display of the activities

4.Chandigarh

 The Central University of Punjab, Bathinda under the auspices of Chandigarh Chapter of NASI organized a one-day Outreach Symposium on April 05, 2019 at their City Campus at Bathinda. Prof. R K Kohli, Hon‟ble Vice-Chancellor, CUPB welcomed the distinguished guests and gave brief introduction of the Academy and its activities. Dr. Girish Sahni, Former Director General, CSIR, spoke on „Creating Societal Value from Science and Innovation‟. Prof. Tilak Raj Sharma, Executive Director, National Agri Food Biotechnology Institute and Secretary, Chandigarh Chapter presented his views on „Application of Biotechnology in achieving Food & Nutritional Security‟. Prof. K K Bhasin, Former Dean Faculty of Science, Punjab University Chandigarh talked about „Fascinating Aspects of Chemistry‟. The other dignitaries Prof. Jagdeep Singh, Registrar, Prof. P Ramarao, Dean, Academic Affairs and also the staff from PAU Regional campus, Bathinda graced the event. Prof. Anjana Munshi proposed the formal vote of thanks.  A Public Lecture entitled „Why do we flock together?‟ by Prof. Ajay K Sood, FRS and President, INSA was held on May 22, 2019 at National Agri Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali. Prof. K N Pathak was the guest of honour on the occasion.  A Popular Science Lecture on „Unravelling Nature of Light of Experiments‟ was delivered by Prof. Kamal Priya Singh, IISER, Mohali on August 21, 2019 at Shivalik Public School, Mohali. Prof. Singh discussed briefly about this year‟s Nobel Prize in Physics which was

132

awarded to masters of light for applying the properties of light to intriguing experiments. Experiments based on various concepts of Physics were also demonstrated.  A Popular Science Lecture was delivered by Prof. K K Bhasin, CSIR Emeritus Scientist, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh as part of the Outreach Programmes organized by INST- NASI on September 6, 2019 at Govt. Senior Secondary School, Mandhana and Govt Middle School, Thapli respectively followed by some demonstrative experiments. The topics included „Fascinating aspects of Chemistry‟, „Chemistry in daily life‟. The programmes were attended by around 150 students of Art/ Science backgrounds and a few teachers. Prof. I B S Passi (Chairman, Chandigarh Chapter of NASI) expressed his gratitude to Prof. H N Ghosh (Director, INST), Dr. Asish Pal, Scientist „E‟ and their team; and Prof. Kaya Dharamveer (from Ashiyana Trust), on behalf of the Chapter.  Mathematics Outreach 2020 was jointly organized by the Chapter, Ramanujan Mathematics Society (DAV College Chandigarh) and Chandigarh Vigyan Parishad.  A lecture on „Forensic Science- An investigative science‟ was organized in collaboration with Chandigarh Vigyan Parishad and Ramanujan Society of DAV College, Chandigarh on September 25, 2019 at DAV College, Sector-10, Chandigarh. Dr. Kewal Krishan, Department of Anthropology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, shared his views on this occasion.  To commemorate the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the Nation, a lecture on „Management and Conservation of life support system‟ was delivered by Prof. R K Kohli, JC Bose National Fellow, Certified Emeritus Sr. Ecologist, ESA, USA, Vice-chancellor, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda.  A lecture entitled „Truncated Probabilities, Entropy, Statistical Distributions and their Real Life Application‟ was delivered by Prof. C R Bector, Professor Emeritus, Purdue University, U.S.A on October 16, 2019.  The „National Mathematics Day‟ was celebrated in association with the Department of Mathematics, Panjab University, Chandigarh on December 22, 2019. On this occasion, Prof. I B S Passi delivered a talk on „Mathematics & Society: Voting System‟.  A Public Lecture was organized at Government Model Senior Secondary School, Dhanas, Chandigarh on January 15, 2020. The dignitaries included Prof. I B S Passi, Prof. MadhuRaka, CSIR Emeritus Professor, Department of Mathematics, Punjab University and the Vice-Principal of the school.  A lecture on „Model Building Using Statistical Software‟ was organized on January 20, 2020 at Post Graduate Government College, Sector 46, Chandigarh. The key experts included Prof. Narinder Kumar, Department of Statistics, Punjab University, Dr. Surinder Kaur, Head, Department of Commerce and Prof. Rosy Walia Joshi.

5. Chennai

 The year 2019 saw a considerable activity throughout Tamil Nadu because of the Annular Solar Eclipse, which was visible from most of the parts of Tamil Nadu on December 26, 2019.  A programme highlighting various concepts of Science and Mathematics as well as their applications was held on July 8-9, 2019. Prof. S Sivakumar, Krea University shared his views on „Insights and imagination in Physics‟. Prof. T Subramonium, Sathyabhama University, spoke on „From DNA to Diversity‟. The commonality and the diverse nature of animals were discussed with several examples. The lecture reflected on the spatial and temporal expression of Drosophila Hox genes and its comparison with the vertebrates. Prof. K V Subramanyam, CMI highlighted on „The P vs. NP Problem‟. The talk introduced two concepts; its historical development and some practical implications. Prof. Satyavani Vemparala from IMSC spoke on

133

„How the computer simulations help in probing the properties of materials‟. Prof. Balasubramanian, IIT, Bombay talked about „Number Theory and Secure Communication‟ and focused on the relation between number theory and secure communication. He also explained about Eulers theorem, Euclid algorithm etc. and their application to secure communication. Padmashree Shri Arvind Gupta elaborated on „Fun of doing Science‟ and encouraged children for doing hand-on experiments. He stressed on the schools‟ need to use places like „Atal Tinkering Labs‟ to make the new generation self-reliant.  Dr. Rathnasree Nandivada, Director, Nehru Planetarium, Delhi organized several meetings (all over Tamil-Nadu) as part of Chennai Chapter‟s activity including one at CMI, where two solar telescopes were made. Several lectures explaining the Annular Solar Eclipse were conducted in the month of November, 2019.

Pictographic display of the activities

6. Delhi

 Two Award Lectures were organized on April 27, 2019 in collaboration with NIPGR, New Delhi. Prof. A.K. Sharma Memorial Award (2018) Lecture was delivered by Prof. Asis Datta, Former NASI Platinum Jubilee Chair Distinguished Professor, NIPGR, New Delhi; and Dr. P. Sheel Memorial (Young Woman Scientist) Award Lecture was delivered by Dr. Meenu Kapoor, Professor of Biotechnology, G G Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, New Delhi. The lectures were attended and appreciated by more than 100 scientists and students.  Two Award Lectures were organized on May 3, 2019 in collaboration with JIIT, Noida. Prof. Bimla Buti, Director, Centre for Science and Society, Delhi delivered Prof. A.C. Banerji Memorial Award (2017) Lecture on „Chaos and its Implications in Science‟. This exciting talk was followed by NASI-Buti Foundation Award (2017) Lecture delivered by Dr. Pratibha Jolly, Former Principal, Miranda House, Delhi on „Science, Society and 134

Exponential Change: Reimagining the Future‟. The event was attended by about 250 students and faculty from different institutes of Delhi NCR. A book entitled ‘Lectures on Quantum Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications’ comprising lectures delivered during various workshops on ‘Quantum Mechanics and its applications’ was also published and launched during the aforementioned event.  The concluding function of 150th Birth Anniversary of 'Ba & Bapu', and 125th Birth Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha was organized on October 5, 2019 in association with NASI headquarters. Dr. Manju Sharma, Distinguished Woman Scientist Chair of NASI planned and coordinated the event.  Prof. Arnab Rai Choudhuri, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore delivered a Special Lecture on „The Mysterious Magnetic Personality of Our Sun‟ attended by about 80 faculty and students from IIT, Delhi and other institutes of Delhi NCR on February 26, 2020 at IIT, Delhi.  The Chapter, in collaboration with Deen Dayal Upadhyaya (DDU) College, University of Delhi; IEEE Electron Device Society (EDS)-Delhi Chapter; IEEE Delhi Section organized the Fourth Lecture Workshop on „Trans-disciplinary Areas of Research and Teaching‟ on September 27-28, 2019 with the support of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Awardees. The distinguished scientists, viz. Dr. Karmeshu, Dr. J N Goswami, Dr. Surendra Prasad, Dr. Ajoy Ghatak, Dr. Anurag Sharma, Dr. G Narahari Sastry, Dr. D P Sarkar, Dr. Balasubramanian Sundaram, Dr. Deepak Gaur and Dr. Deepak Thankappan Nair enlightened the students.  A One-day workshop on „Quantum Mechanics and its Applications‟ was organized on September 24, 2019, in collaboration with Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi. Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, Prof. Patrick Dasgupta and Prof. Anirban Pathak delivered lectures on various aspects of quantum mechanics and its various applications. A quiz was also held at the end of the event and ten best performers were awarded.  The Department of Electronics and Zoology, under the aegis of DBT Star College Programme-DDU College organized a School Outreach Programme in collaboration with the NASI Delhi Chapter on October 10-11, 2019, attended by the students of Class XI and XII. A visit to Zoological Museum of the college was made by the students to observe specimen of different phyla; and carry out the experiments on 1) Determination of human blood group; 2) Estimation of hemoglobin content in human blood using Sahli's haemoglobinometer; 3) Demonstration of Differential Leucocyte Count (DLC) in human blood; 4) Designing half/ full wave rectifier with capacitor filter; 5) Designing digital logic gates using diode, transistors, light emitting diode and resistors.  An event based on „Internet of Things (IoT))‟ was jointly organized by the Chapter and the Department of Electronics and DDU College under the aegis of DBT Star College Program on October 17-18, 2019. The competition was organized as part of 100th Birth Centenary (1919- 2019) Celebrations of the Father of Indian Space Programme - Dr. Vikram A Sarabhai and also the birthday of late Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam, Former President of India, observed as Innovation Day. Over 100 students from 18 different institutions participated in the event.  A Hands-on Workshop on „VHDL Programming and Digital Circuit Designing with Implementation on FPGA‟ was jointly organized by DDU College, IEEE EDS, Delhi Chapter and CoreEL Technologies (Authorized Partner of Xilinx University Program (XUP)) in India on October 21-14, 2019. Around 50 students from seven different institutions attended the event and learnt ISE and Vivado design flow, debugging HDL designs, Configured FPGA and verification of H/W operation using NEXYS 4DDR FPGA Boards from Xilinx.  The Chapter organized a colloquium on „Indian Space Programme: India's Incredible Journey‟ as part of 100th Birth Centenary of Dr. Vikram A Sarabhai, the Father of Indian Space 135

Programme on November 02, 2019. The event was jointly organized by Science Foundation of DDU College and IEEE EDS – Delhi Chapter and graced by Dr. R Sridharan, Dr. Sanjay Mittal, Dr. P Balarama Rao and Dr. Rajeev Jyoti.  A National Workshop on „Nuclear, Particle and Accelerator Physics‟ was organized on November 6, 2019 in collaboration with Kalindi College, University of Delhi. The distinguished scientists and eminent academicians, viz. Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, Dr. Brajesh C. Choudhary, Dr. Rajeev Mehta, Dr. N. Madhavan, Dr. Debashish Sen and Dr. Samit K. Mandal enlightened the audience on various topics related to nuclear, particle and accelerator physics. Around 230 participants including teachers from other colleges of Delhi University attended the workshop. Dr. Punita Verma was the convener of the workshop.  A Training Programme on „HTML, CSS and Java Script‟ for school students was jointly organized by the Chapter and DDU College on January 01-15, 2020. A total of sixty students of Class XI and XII of Government Co-Ed Senior Secondary School, Baprola, New Delhi attended the training programme. The ICT Staff members of the college assisted in carrying out the training program in which the students were taught the basics of computer hardware, software, its components and working.  „DDUC HACKATHON 2020‟ was organized under the aegis of DBT Star College Programme, on January 21, 2020 in which the Inaugural Address was delivered by Dr. Sanjeev Singh (University of Delhi). Dr. V K Arora (IGDTUW Anveshan Foundation, Delhi) also shared his views. This was followed by the concluding lecture delivered by Dr. Ashwani Kumar (JNU, New Delhi). Over 130 students from 14 different institutions participated in the event and also presented hardware and software solution and business plans for industry related problems.  A three-day Entrepreneurship Awareness Camp was jointly organized by the Chapter, National Science & Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board (NSTEDB), DST, Govt. of India and Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII), Ahmedabad, Gujarat on January 23-25, 2020 at DDU College. More than 75 students from DDU College and Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi attended the camp.  A lecture series comprising talks by distinguished experts on various issues was jointly organized by DDU College and the Chapter on January 29, 2020. The Inaugural Address on „Welcome to the World of Reliability‟ was delivered by Prof. Cher Ming Tan, IEEE EDS Distinguished Lecturer, Chang Gung University, Taiwan followed by the lecture on „Research Funding Opportunities from DST/SERB‟ by Shri Sanjeev K Varshney, Adviser/ Scientist „G‟ & Head of the International Division (Bilateral cooperation), DST GoI. The last talk on „INSPIRE Programme‟ was addressed by Dr. Umesh Kumar Sharma, Scientist „E‟, INSPIRE Programme, DST GoI. A total of 300 students and faculty members attended the programme.  The Chapter organized the National Science Day (NSD-2020) with the theme „Women in Science‟ on February 26-27, 2020 at DDU College. The technical sessions were addressed by the distinguished speakers, viz. Dr. Somdatta Sinha (IISER, Kolkata), Dr. Shinjini Bhatnagar (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad), Dr. Ritu Srivastava (NPL, New Delhi), Dr. Sumathi Rao (HRI, Allahabad), Dr. Swagata Dasgupta (IIT, Kharagpur), Dr. Mridula Gupta (University of Delhi) and Dr. Neelima Gupta (University of Delhi), Dr. Meenakshi Munshi (DBT), Dr. R Madhubala (JNU, New Delhi), Dr. Mahak Sharma (IISER, Mohali), Dr. Meena Mishra (SSPL, New Delhi) and Dr. Amita Das (IIT Delhi).  In order to reduce the hardships faced by the undergraduate/post-graduate students, researchers as well as the faculty members, the NASI Delhi Chapter planned to organize 136

Special Webinars on „Basic Quantum Mechanics covering Evolution of Quantum theory, Schrodinger Equation, The wave function and its normalization, Dirac delta Function, The Free Particle Problem and Single slit and double slit interference pattern‟ on March 31, 2020. One live webinar was delivered by Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, Chairman, Delhi Chapter on March 31, 2020 which were attended (via Google meet) by over 150 students. The video recording of the same was uploaded on YouTube for free public viewing. Link of Lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e51mp-gA9ms  During the last one year, NASI in general and NASI Delhi Chapter in particular, have organized a few seminars to celebrate the 125th Birth Anniversary of Prof. M. N. Saha. Presentations delivered in these seminars have now been put together in the form of an edited book Meghnad Saha: A great scientist and a visionary, A. Pathak and A. Ghatak (Eds.), Viva Books, New Delhi, India (2019) ISBN 978-93-89401-71-4 which was released on October 5, 2019 at INSA Auditorium during the concluding ceremony of 150th Birth Anniversary of 'Ba & Bapu', and 125th Birth Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha. The book has been well received by the scientific community in India.

Pictographic display of the activities

137

7. Hyderabad

 A Special Lecture was organized on August 26, 2019 at RBVR Reddy Women‟s College to celebrate the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. Prof. U C Srivastava, Emeritus Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, delivered the lecture on „A food for thought and thought for food‟. It was attended by about 250 participants.  The Chapter also organized a panel discussion with ASTC on January 29, 2020 to discuss the Government of India draft policy document on „Scientific Social Responsibility‟. The panel consisted of the Director, IIT-H, Director, TIFR-H, and Directors of national laboratories and Former Advisor to the Government, etc. It was attended by more than 150 invitees.

Pictographic display of the activities

138

8. Jaipur

The Chapter organized a Health Conclave by initiating a dialogue between Health Science experts towards a Road-Map for Health Research, Prevention and Control of major diseases in Rajasthan, at Jaipur National University, Jaipur to mark the celebrations of the 150th Birth Anniversary of „Ba & Bapu‟. A programme developed by Prof. H N Verma, Hon‟ble Vice-Chancellor, under the guidance and coordinatorship of Prof. Manju Sharma, Chairman, NASI New Initiatives and Former Secretary, Govt. of India, was organized on April 18, 2019 at Jaipur National University, Jaipur. Several health experts and dignitaries of national & international repute, viz. Prof. (Mrs.) Manju Sharma, Prof. H N Verma, Dr. Sandeep Bakshi, the Chancellor, Jaipur National University; Prof. V M Katoch, NASI-ICMR Chair and Former DG, ICMR, New Delhi; Dr. Sudhir Bhandari, Principal, SMS College, Jaipur; Prof. Amilal Bhatt, Principal and Controller, JNUMSRC, Jaipur; Prof. J N Pande, Sitaram Bhartiya Institute of Science and Research; Prof. Pramod Garg, AIIMS, New Delhi; Prof. Lalit Kumar, AIIMS, New Delhi; Prof. Ravi Kant, Director, AIIMS, Rishikesh; Dr. Chandrima Shaha, Former Director, NII, New Delhi; Dr. R C Dhiman, NIMR, New Delhi; Dr. A L Khandare, NIN, Hyderabad; Prof. Padma Srivastava, AIIMS, New Delhi; Prof. Sanjeev Sinha, AIIMS, New Delhi; Dr. G S Toteja, Director, ICMR Centre, Jodhpur; Dr. Jaswant Goyal, Chief Advisor, JNUIMSRC, Jaipur; and Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, NASI graced the event. Other delegates including Dr. Shweta Mangal, Associate Professor, RUHS, Jaipur; Dr. Arvind Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, RUHS, Jaipur; Dr. Manisha Malik, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, RUHS, Jaipur; Dr. Neha Saboo, Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, RUHS, Jaipur; Dr. Prianka Rathi, Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, RUHS, Jaipur; Dr. Chugh, JNUIMSRC also joined the conclave. The key recommendations emerged out of the event would be forwarded to the governmental and non-governmental agencies for effective implementation.

9. Jammu

 A programme on „Science in day to day life‟ was organized in collaboration with the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board (SMVDSB) on June 03, 2019 at the SMVD, Gurukul, Katra run by the SMVDSB. The students from Gurukul were introduced to some fundamentals of science and its importance in daily life through lectures, demonstrations and quiz context. The dignitaries included the Secretary of Jammu Chapter and the resource persons, viz. Dr. Suneel Wanchoo, Dr. Samantha Vaishnawi, Dr. Maneesh Gulati. Dr. Arvind Karwani, IAS, Deputy CEO, SMVDSB. At the end of the programme, the prizes were distributed to the winners of quiz.  The Chapter celebrated „International Year of Periodic Table‟ on September 16 - 17, 2019 in collaboration with Govt. Degree College, Kargil. Besides the staff and students of Govt. Degree College, Kargil, the students and science teachers of eight Higher Secondary Schools of Kargil also participated in this meet. The teachers delivered talks on various aspects of this field; and also interacted with students during the two-day programme. The students visited various laboratories in the college and also participated in the debate and quiz competitions.

139

Pictographic display of the activities

10. Jharkhand

 The World Conservation Day was organized in joint collaboration with the team Anveshan and CSIR NML on July 26, 2019 at Kerala Public School, Kadma. More than 100 students from different schools and colleges along with 28 science teachers participated in the event. Dr. S K Mishra, the Chief Scientist and a fellow of the Academy interacted with the students and teachers and delivered a talk entitled „Lesson from past to future: impact of population on environment and climate change‟.  A One-day seminar on „Green Energy‟ was organized in collaboration with the team Anveshan and CSIR- NML at ABM College, Jamshedpur on August 06, 2019. More than 75 delegates participated in the seminar. The young researchers, viz. Ms Shweta Sharma, Ms Chandrani Sarkar and Ms Meenu Pandey presented their recent research works on the topic.  A One-day workshop on „Nano Technology and Innovations‟ was organized on September 30, 2019, at Cooperative College, Jamshedpur. Senior faculty members from NIT Jamshedpur and Kolhan University were among the main speakers while Dr. Arvind Sinha, Chairman of NASI Jharkhand Chapter delivered a Keynote Address on „Biomimetics‟.  Joining hands with CSIR-NML and Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA), the Chapter organized a Science Outreach Programme as a precursor of India‟s International Science Festival-2019 for the students of Jamshedpur on October 30, 2019. The programme comprised of motivational lectures by eminent scientists and student-scientist interactive session. The event was attended by more than 350 students from different schools of the city.  A half-day workshop was organized in association with the team Anveshan to celebrate the „International Science Day‟ on Nov 10, 2019 at Hill Top School, Jamshedpur. Dr Arvind Sinha interacted with the students and science teachers of the school on „Importance of Science‟.  A One-day „Science Teachers‟ Interaction Programme‟ was organized for science teachers from the State Government schools in collaboration with CSIR-NML at Rungta College, Chaibasa, West Singhbhum. More than 150 teachers from East Singhbhum and West Singhbhum districts along with officials of State Education Department participated in the workshop. Dr. Arvind Sinha and Dr. Abhilash Kumar from CSIR-NML and Members of NASI had a close interaction with the teachers. 140

 In order to promote the culture of scientific temperament among the masses of Jharkhand, Dr. Arvind Sinha was invited to Jamshedpur Center of Aakashvani for an interview on the subject during November, 2019. Through a question and answer session, Dr. Sinha explained the concept of scientific temperament and its importance in every walk of life.  A two-day conference entitled „Innovation in Science Education‟ was organized in joint collaboration with CSIR-NML and team Anveshan on January 21-22, 2020 at Graduate College, Jamshedpur. More than 120 delegates from different universities / institutions participated in the workshop. The event was inaugurated by Prof. Shukla Mohanty, Hon‟ble Vice-Chancellor of Kolhan University. Dr. Arvind Sinha, Dr. S K Mishra and Dr. Abhilash Kumar were among the keynote speakers. 25 papers were also presented by the faculty members and researchers from different institutions.  CSIR-NML, Jamshedpur observed the National Science Day in association with the Chapter on February 28, 2020. Prof. Satya Deo Tripathi, General Secretary, NASI HQ; NASI Senior Scientist, Harish Chandra Research Institute, Allahabad was the Chief Guest on the occasion. Other experts included Dr. Ratnakar Singh, the Chief Scientist and Dr. Arvind Sinha, the Acting Director and Chairman, Jharkhand Chapter, Dr. Suman Kumari Mishra, Chief Scientist, CSIR-NML and teachers from schools. Ms. Shipra, Tata Workers Union High school Kadma, Jamshedpur and Mr. Vikash Kumar Das, NML-Kerala Public School, Agrico were felicitated with the BEST SCIENCE TEACHER AWARD 2019-20, on behalf of the Chapter.

Pictographic display of the activities

11. Kerala

The NASI Council approved the establishment of Kerala Chapter of the Academy with Prof. K V Peter as President, Prof. B Mohan Kumar as Secretary, Dr. Vijayan Edathil, Dr. M Radhakrishna Pillai, Dr. R Prakashkumar and Dr. E V Soniya, as Advisors ; and Dr. Deepu Mathew as the Coordinator. The first meeting of the Executive Committee of the Chapter was held on October 28, 2019 at the College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala followed by a lecture on „Emerging Technologies‟ delivered by Pro. Edathil Vijayan, Former ICMR Emeritus Medical Scientist, Cochin at Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur. About 70 students and faculty attended the lecture. The following Lectures/Science 141

Popularization Activities were coordinated by Prof. B Mohan Kumar, Secretary, NASI-Kerala Chapter:  A lecture on „How to read and write research papers and opportunities for undergraduate research in India‟ was organized on November 16, 2019 at Sree Narayana College, Nattika, Thrissur during a „Meet with a Scientist‟ programme; and a lecture on „Scientific temper, how to read and write research papers and opportunities for undergraduate research in India‟ was delivered on December 14, 2019 at Krishna Menon Memorial Government Women's College, Kannur.  A session on „Global Warming, Climate Change, Carbon Sequestration and Carbon Trading‟ was held on December 14, 2019 at the UGC-Human Resource Development Centre, Kannur University, Kannur.  The sessions on 1. „Tropical Home Gardens: the Epitome of Agrobiodiversity Conservation in managed Ecosystems‟ (on December 4, 2019); 2. „Scientific Writing in Agriculture and Natural Resource Management: Structure, Format, Style and Other Attributes of a Research Paper‟ and 3. „Where (Not) to Publish? Research Publications and Their Credentials‟ (on December 17, 2019) (coordinated by Prof. B. Mohan Kumar, Secretary, NASI-Kerala Chapter) were held at Kerala Agricultural University under the ICAR sponsored Winter School on Agroforestry.  The sessions on „Scientific Writing‟ were organized on February 11, 2020 and March 5, 2020 respectively for the second and third batches of the Foundation Course on „Research, Education and Extension Management‟ for the newly recruited scientists at Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur; and a lecture on „Scientific Writing: Structure, Format, Style and Other Attributes of a Research Paper‟ was held on March 2, 2020 at Kannur University Academic Staff College, Kannur for the participants of the Short Term Course in Research Methodology in Science.

Pictographic display of the activities

142

12. Kolkata

 The World Environment Day was commemorated on June 5, 2019 at Bagnan Girls High School, District Howrah. Prof. Chitra Mandal, SERB Distinguished Fellow, CSIR-IICB, Kolkata delivered a lecture on „Environmental Pollution and Cancer‟. Around 150 students from 10 schools participated in the programme.  A Science Awareness Programme was organized on July 10, 2019 at Barasat Girls High School, Barasat, Kolkata. Prof. Hemanta K Majumder spoke on „Landmark Discoveries in Life Sciences‟while Prof. Susanta Roychaudhury shared his views on „Human Genetic Diseases‟.  A Science Awareness Programme was organized on August 21-22, 2019 at Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, Ekalavya Mission Residential School (EMRS), Jhargram, West Bengal. Prof. Chitra Mandal talked about „Exploration of Indian herbal Sources for management of Diseases‟ and Prof. Amit Ghosh shared his views on „What is Science and Why Should we Care?‟ while Prof. Hemanta K Majumder delivered his lecture on „Meeting all Disciplines in to Biology: A great Fun‟.  A Science Awareness Programme was organized on January 9, 2020 at Bhagabati Debi Girl‟s High School, Salt Lake, Kolkata. Prof. Chitra Mandal spoke on „Fight against Neglected Tropical Diseases‟while Prof. Hemanta K Majumder talked about „Legends in Biological Sciences and their Discoveries‟.  The Best Science Teacher Award Programme was organized on March 03, 2020 at Dr. N. R. Sen Auditorium at the University College of Science and Technology, commonly known as Rajabazar Science College, Kolkata. The teachers selected for the award included Ms. Rinku Das, Nut Behari Das Girls High School, Garden Reach, Kolkata, Mr. Madan Mohan Haldar and Mr. Sandip Roy from Hindu School.

Pictographic display of the activities

143

13. Lucknow

 An Awareness Programme on „Environment and Biodiversity‟ was organized in joint collaboration with Clean and Green Environment Society, Lucknow at Biotech Park on April 4, 2019. Prof. S K Barik (Director, CSIR-NBRI) was the Chief Guest on the occasion. The topics addressed during the programme included „Is our environment safe?‟, „Environmental Degradation and Challenges to Biodiversity‟, „Indoor Pollution and Phytoremediation‟, „Conservation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants for Better Health and Life‟ and „Bio-economy and Entrepreneurship‟.  The 125th Birth Anniversary of Prof. Meghnad Saha, the founder President of NASI and an internationally renowned Astrophysicist was celebrated on April 9, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. Prof. Ajoy Ghatak, M.N. Saha Distinguished Chair of NASI at IIT, Delhi delivered the Special Lecture on „Professor Meghnad Saha: A brief account of his remarkable contributions‟. The event was attended by more than 220 students from different local colleges and universities along with 45 guests including NASI Fellows and Members.  A One-day event was organized on April 22, 2019 at Biotech Park to celebrate the 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. Dr. Mansoor Hassan, a renowned Cardiologist was the Chief Guest on the occasion. The Keynote Address on „Gandhi and the Process of Marginalization: The case of the Tribes‟ was delivered by Prof. Vinay Kumar Srivastava, Director, Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata. The other lectures included „In search of the Gandhi Neuron Network‟, „Mahatma Gandhi‟s views on Science and Technology‟ and „Mahatma Gandhi's views on Education‟. More than 250 students from different schools, colleges and Lucknow University including Fellows and Members of NASI participated.  A Workshop on „Promoting Entrepreneurship among Women in Science‟ was organized in joint collaboration with Biotech Consortium India Limited (BCIL), New Delhi on June 19-20, 2019 at Biotech Park, Lucknow. Dr. Manju Sharma, Distinguished Women Scientist Chair, NASI; Former Secretary to the Govt. of India, DBT highlighted the need for including women in science as entrepreneurs. The lectures were delivered on the topics, viz. „Start-up Ecosystem for Innovation led enterprises‟, „Successful platforms for entrepreneurship promotion‟, „Best practices for building successful start-ups‟, „Scientific contributions of women in science‟ etc. The programme was very well attended and also motivated the women scientists towards becoming successful entrepreneurs.  An Awareness Workshop on „Bio-resources and their Utilization‟ was organized on February 4, 2020 at Biotech Park. Prof. Pramod Tandon, Chairman, NASI Lucknow Chapter, delivered a lecture entitled „Bioeconomy: Opportunities for Entrepreneurship and Innovation‟. The demonstrations on preparation of Herbal Gulal, Rose Water and Aloe Vera Gel for utilizing the bio-resources for revenue generation and manufacturing of Vermi-composting on the site were also performed by the scientists of Biotech Park.  The National Science Day was celebrated in joint collaboration with the Regional Science City, Lucknow on February 27 - 28, 2020. An Interactive Session on „Learning by Doing‟ was organized for students and teachers. Approximately 250 students participated enthusiastically in Poster Making Contest on the topic „Science for the Development of the Nation‟. A Popular Lecture entitled „Vector borne parasitic disease, prevention, treatment and control‟ was delivered by Dr. Anuradha Dube, J C Bose Fellow, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow. Another important activity of the programme was a written „Science quiz contest‟.

144

Pictographic display of the activities

14. Mumbai

 A programme on „Women Empowerment in Science & Technology‟ was organized in association with the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai to celebrate the National Technology Day on May 13, 2019.  A National Conference on „New Imperatives in Drug Design and Discovery‟ was organized in association with the Indian Society of Chemists and Biologists, Lucknow and U.T. University, Bardoli on November 22-23, 2019.  A National Conference on „Recent Advances in Chemical and Allied Sciences‟ was organized in association with B.K. Birla College (Autonomous), Kalyan, University of Mumbai on January 18, 2020.  A Lecture-cum-Panel Discussion on „Perspectives of Core and Enabling Technologies‟ was organized in association with K.C. College (University of Mumbai), Churchgate, Mumbai on January 20, 2020.  The Chapter organized a Lecture-cum-Panel Discussion on „The Role of Women in Science & Society‟ in joint collaboration with Somaiya Vidyavihar, Mumbai to celebrate the National Science Day-2020 on February 28, 2020.  A two-day workshop on 'Healthcare Innovations in India' was held on February 29 and March 1, 2020 at the National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai. Two NASI- Award Lectures were also organized as part of this event; these included: i) NASI-Prof. (Mrs.) Archana Sharma Memorial Award Lecture (2018) by Dr. Nilima Kshirsagar, and ii) NASI- Prof. U.S. Srivastava Memorial Award Lecture (2019) by Dr. Subeer Majumdar.  A Workshop on „Laser, Fibre Optics and Optical Communications, Fibre Sensors‟ was organized by the Indian Women Scientists‟ Association (IWSA) in collaboration with NASI Mumbai Chapter, on March 6 and 7, 2020 at IWSA premises in Vashi, Navi Mumbai. All the events were well attended by the students, teachers, researchers, policy makers of academic and research institutions, industries, R&D centres and civil society members of Mumbai / Greater Mumbai area and also graced by several Fellows/ Members of NASI.

145

Pictographic display of the activities

15. NER

 A popular talk on „Lifestyle and Cancer‟ (attended by about 500 students) was organized to commemorate the „World No-Tobacco Day‟ on May 3, 2019 at Army Public School, Shillong. The event was coordinated by Prof. S R Joshi, Secretary, NASI NER Local Chapter. Prof. A Chatterjee was the distinguished speaker on the occasion. Shri Rajeevan P, the Principal and Shri A H Mazumder, the Vice-Principal and other staff from Army Public School, Shillong were also present.  The Chapter in collaboration with BIRAC-BRTC, KIIT-TBI, Odisha organized a programme on „Igniting Minds: Bioentrepreneurship‟ at NEHU Complex on June 29, 2019, which was attended by about 100 undergraduate students from colleges of the city. Prof. Mrutyunjay Suar, CEO KIIT-TBI, Dr. Manash Deep Day, Manager KIIT-TBI, Prof. A Chatterjee, Chairperson and Prof. SR Joshi, Secretary, NASI NER Chapter, were the key experts.  A Popularization Programme on „The Scope and Relevance of Mathematics‟ was organized on November 19, 2019 at St. Francis D`Assisi School, Shillong. The resource person for the programme was Ms. J Rivulet Gidon from the Department of Mathematics, Shillong College, Shillong. The event was graced by Prof. A Chatterjee and Prof. S R Joshi; and also attended by the high-school students and teachers.  An Awareness Programme on „Drug Abuse and Modern Media Gadgets: Uses and Abuses‟ was organized for the village based tribal youth on December 21, 2019.  A Popular Programme on „Drug and Media‟ was organized for the youth on December 21, 2019 at Umsaw Village of Meghalaya, in collaboration with the Bellefonte Community College. The programme was addressed by the distinguished experts, viz. Sr. Helen Puwein, Mr. Tommy Syiemiong from Manbha Foundation- a rehabilitation centre; and other youth participants from Umsaw and the surrounding villages of RiBhoi in Meghalaya.

146

Pictographic display of the activities

16. Varanasi

 A one-day workshop on „Need for Water Conservation and Promotion of Water Efficient Practices in Agriculture‟ was conducted by the Chapter in collaboration with CSR Wing of an NGO ReNew Power Ltd at its Extension Office at Paniyara Village,Varanasi on July 19, 2019. The event was attended by more than 60 farmers, self-help group women and 75 students from different schools.  The Popular Lectures on „Nobel Prize-2019-Winning Works‟ in Physics (by Dr. Tarun Souradeep, IISER Pune), Chemistry (by Dr. Vijaya Mohanan Pillai, IISER, Tirupathi), and Physiology/Medicine (by Dr. Debabrata Dash, IMS, BHU) were conducted on November 7, 2019.  A one-day Awareness Camp to Promote Higher Education in Science for the Visually Impaired Students was organized in collaboration with LPVEI and Genome Foundation, Hyderabad on November 16, 2019 in S.S. Joshi Hall, Department of Chemistry, BHU. The experts included the Senior NASI Fellows, viz. Prof. O N Srivastava, Prof. S C Lakhotia, Prof. Rajiv Raman, Prof. Madhoolika Agrawal, Prof. B P Mondal and Dr. Radha Mondal. Dr. B Christy of LVPEI presented many teaching aids for better understanding of various science subjects.  „Asian Air Pollution Workshop‟ (AAPW-5) was conducted by Prof. Madhoolika Agrawal, the Chairman of the Chapter on November 5-7, 2019 at ISLS, BHU. The programme was attended by more than 100 leading national and international experts from prominent universities/institutions in India, UK, China, Spain, Italy and Japan.  A Special Lecture by Prof. R Rajaraman, (Emeritus Professor of Theoretical Physics, JNU) was delivered on January 14, 2020 in the Mahamana Hall, Institute of Science, BHU.  A lecture on „Immune Regulation at the Center of Human Health: Role in Cancer, Autoimmunity and Host Defense‟ was delivered by Prof. Bellur S. Prabhakar, the University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, USA on February 3, 2020 at ISLS, BHU.

147

 The Chairperson, Prof. Madhoolika Agrawal had an interaction with the undergraduate students of Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, BHU on February 8, 2020 to give them a flavour of scientific research and development process.  A one-day Awareness Camp on Science Education was conducted for school students on March 12, 2020 at Government High School, Maphi, Mirzapur.

Pictographic display of the Activities

„

17. Uttarakhand

 Prof. Meghnad Saha Memorial lecture was organized by the Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology (UCOST) in joint venture with NASI UK Chapter on the occasion of the National Technology Day on May 11, 2019. Prof. Gautam Radhakrishna Desiraju, IISc, Bangalore was the Chief Guest on the occasion. The other dignitaries included Dr. Rajendra Dobhal, Director General, UCOST, Prof. A N Purohit, Prof. H S Dhami, Dr. C S Nautiyal, Dr. R P Joshi and Dr. D P Uniyal. Around 200 students from renowned schools of Dehradun attended the session.

148

 The Chapter organized Prof. V. P. Sharma Memorial Award Lecture, dedicated to the 150th Birth Anniversary of „Ba & Bapu‟ on June 12, 2019 at UCOST, Dehradun. Prof. Balram Bhargava, Secretary, Department of Health Research, Govt. of India, and Director General, Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR, New Delhi spoke on „Touching Lives and Improving Health through Research‟. Giving a brief account of the establishment of ICMR, Prof. Bhargava expressed that Indian Research Fund Association (IRFA) was founded in 1911 and renamed as Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in 1949. He mentioned about 26 National Institutes, 57 Field Stations, 40 Centres for Advanced Research, 100 Viral Labs, 74 Medical Research Units and 14 Rural Research Units worked under the supervision of ICMR; and further elaborated on the significance of Gandhian Virtues, viz. Cleanliness, Developing Villages, Physical Activity, Mental Strength, Healthy Mother & Child and Dietetics for a nation to grow. He also talked about the national priorities for disease eradication under Ayushmaan Bharat Mission such as eradication of malaria till 2030, tuberculosis by 2025, leishmaniasis by 2019 and measles/mumps by 2020 and the role of ICMR in combating various infectious diseases and emerging and re-emerging viruses, outbreak/epidemic investigations, management of natural disasters. He also described the initiatives taken by ICMR through its Ayushman Bharat Yojna launched by the Govt. of India.

Pictographic display of the activities

149

14. Academy Building & Sir Padampat Singhania Library

Building: The Academy is functioning in its magnificent building, which has an auditorium having a capacity of about 200 persons, a Council Room, Committee Room, Rooms of the Office-bearers and the office space. An Annexe Block has now been added to this, having space for the Sir Padampat Singhania Library and the Ganga Gallery. The office has networking with 2 mbps Internet Ports and National Knowledge Network connectivity of NIC, New Delhi.

Library: The Library exchanges its publications with 23 organizations and is receiving 20 journals (15 of Physical Sciences, 05 Biological Sciences and 8 miscellaneous) from India and abroad in exchange and/or gratis. 05 important journals and 19 scientific magazines are also being subscribed by the Library. The library has approx. 5726 bound volumes of journals.

During the period under report 41 new books have been added.

A section in the Library, especially for science students of + 2 level has been maintained. A large number of books have been donated by Prof. H.S. Mani, Late Prof. U.S. Srivastava, Prof. Chandrika Prasad and others, besides those, which have been purchased. It is worth mentioning that a large number of students visit the Library daily and find it useful.

As a new activity, Internet facility for educational purpose is also being provided to the students free-of-cost.

150

15. Acknowledgements

We take this opportunity to thank all our Fellows and Members for their cooperation and useful suggestions. We are particularly grateful to the President Prof. G. Padmanaban, and members of the Council for their guidance; Chief Editors (Prof. J.P. Mittal, Prof. Amit Ghosh and Prof. Girjesh Govil), Managing Editors (Prof. S.L. Srivastava and Prof. U.C. Srivastava), and members of the Editorial Boards of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India (Sections A & B) and the Science Letters; also Dr. Chitranjan Sharma (Technical Editor), and the referees for their valuable suggestions and cooperation. We also record our gratitude to the Secretary, DST; Director (AI Div.), DST and AS&FA, DST, New Delhi; we are also thankful to M/s Amit Ray and Co., Chartered Accountants, Prayagraj for auditing the Academy‟s accounts. Lastly, we thank Dr. Niraj Kumar, Executive Secretary, Shri A.K. Srivastava, Dy. Executive Secretary, Shri B.P. Singh, Dr. Santosh Shukla and Dr. Pavitra Tandon, Assistant Executive Secretaries, Ms. Archna Pant (for organizing and editing this report) and all other staff of the Academy for their ungrudging assistance and cooperation in every possible way.

151

Annexure-I

Activities/ Projects under Scheduled Tribes Welfare Programme of NASI

Ongoing Projects- A Brief Progress Report 1. Awareness/Sensitization/ Training Programmes in the Tribal areas of Northeast India Institute: NASI-NER Chapter, Shillong Principal Investigator: Prof. S R Joshi, NEHU, Shillong Institute: NASI-Jharkhand Chapter Principal Investigator : Dr. Arvind Sinha, Principal Scientist, CSIR-NML, Jamshedpur Target Area: Khasi Hills and Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya Major outcomes/achievements:  More than 300 tribal families/ students trained in vermicomposting, fish farming and Mushroom cultivation. Some of the participants are exploring for fund for Commercial/Community Level.  More than 300 students of non-formal schools were trained for adopting good hygiene practices and sanitation.

Training on vermicomposting and mushroom cultivation

2. Health, Hygiene & Nutrition Solutions Institute: NASI-Jharkhand Chapter Principal Investigator: Dr. Arvind Sinha, Principal Scientist, CSIR NML, Jamshedpur Target Area: Village Dhuan, Chirugora, East Singhbhum of district Jamshedpur. Major outcomes/achievements:  Provided awareness on proper sanitation, personal & community hygiene, healthy food habits, safe water etc. for around 100 tribal families by organizing Workshops, Chaupals and Camps

Health Chaupal and Camp on 'Health, Hygiene and Nutrition'

152

3. Enabling Tribal farmers for enhancement of agriculture income through cultivation and processing of suitable aromatic crops Institute: CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow Principal Investigator: Dr. R K Srivastava, Principal Scientist, CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow Institute: Govt. P. G. College, Satna (M.P.) and Deendayal Research Institute, Chitrakoot Principal Investigator: Dr. Rashmi Singh, Dept. of Zoology, Govt. PG College, Satna Target Area/type of Tribals: Dudhwa-Tharu, Bastar- Gonds, Lakhimpur-Tharu, Haridwar-Tharu & Buska, Rachi- Oraon & Munda Major outcomes/achievements:  Total 413 tribal farmers were trained and more than 150 tribal farmers started cultivation of aromatic crops. The knowledge on cultivation, processing and marketing of aromatic plants was disseminated among the tribal farmers (directly: 413 and indirectly: more than 700) in four tribal populated districts and other tribal farmers were also motivated for cultivation of these crops.

Enabling tribal farmers for enhancement of agriculture income through cultivation and processing of suitable aromatic crops

4. a. Participatory observation to validate the knowledge bank of traditional and tribal healers of Balaghat district, to prepare the ethno-medical register b. Documentation of ethno-medicinal knowledge and conservation in selected tribal villages of Chitrakoot, District Satna (M.P.) Major outcomes/achievements:  Revived the traditional system of medicine; and collected the information on traditional herbal formulations from the traditional healers/ practitioners of Chitrakoot and Balaghat by organizing awareness campaigns and conferences. 5. Training programmes/workshops for skill and entrepreneurial development of the tribal youth, utilizing rich bio-resources of the country Institute: Biotech Park, Lucknow Principal Investigator: Prof. Pramod Tandon, CEO, Biotech Park, Lucknow Target Area: Saunaha, Chandan Chawki & Persia in Palia Kalan tehsil of district Lakhimpur Kheri, Pachperwa tehsil in district Balrampur Major Outcome/achievements:  Hands-on training for preparation of herbal products, vermicomposting, plant tissue culture. Total 385 participants attended the training programme.  Lectures & Interactive session on „Skill & Entrepreneurship Development‟.

153

Hands-on training imparted to the tribal youth for preparation of herbal products

6. A training programme of Vermicomposting for Scheduled Tribes of Amarkantak region: An initiative towards enhancing Bioeconomy Institute: Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak (MP) Principal Investigator: Dr. Vijay Paramanik, Dept. of Zoology, IGNTU, Amarkantak Training programmes on vermicomposting organized for 50 ST students of IGNTU

Training Programme on Vermicomposting for Schedule Tribes students of IGNTU

7. Enhancing Productivity and Profitability of Small and Marginal Farmers of Tigiria Block of Odisha Institute: Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar Principal Investigator: Dr. Ajay Parida, Director, ILS, Bhubaneswar Major outcomes/achievements:  More than 100 farmers (both males and females) belonging to 12 villages of Tigiria were trained for organic farming, cultivation of aromatic plants etc.  Exposure to visit various scientific institutions (CRRI,OUAT,IIHR,RMRC etc.) and capacity building in adoption of new technologies for agriculture intervention as well as adopting new and improved varieties. 8. Survey for bioresources and sensitization of tribes inhabiting Ladakh (Jammu and Kashmir) for their conservation

154

Institute: NASI -Jammu Chapter Principal Investigator: Prof. R N Gohil Major outcomes/achievements:  About 14 villages (Chiktan, Kanji, Kukshow, Sapi Shakar, Lamsu, Sandow, Yokma Kharboo, Sanjak, Chilmo, Skarbuchan) of altitude range of 12000 ft covered during the programme.  The tribal population was sensitized about the importance of the bioresources around their areas, need and ways for conservation and their judicious use; and  Cultivation in the fallow lands around their village through individual interactions during evening gatherings (chaupals).

Bioresources used by tribes inhabiting Ladakh – Survey and Sensitization Programme

9. Sustainable Livelihood enhancement through Empowering Tribal Women in Koraput Institute: M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai Principal Investigator: Dr. Israel Oliver King 10. Technological Empowerment of Schedule Tribe (ST) Women through Value Added Food processing in promoting healthy lifestyle Institute: Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women's University), Tirupati Principal Investigator: Dr.Ch M Kumari Chitturi 11. Workshops on Augmenting Local Resources for Primary Healthcare and Better Livelihood among Tribals Institute: ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi Coordinator: Dr. S L Hoti, Scientist-G and Director-in-Charge, ICMR-NITM, Belagavi 12. Commercial Fruit Processing for Development of Nutri Food Products for Combating Malnutrition Institute: Himalayan Environmental Studies and Conservation Organization (HESCO), Dehradun Principal Investigator: Dr. Kiran Negi 13. Community Based Training to ST Youth on Biomass Conversion and Utilization for Sustainable Agriculture, Green Energy and Biotechnology Institute: School of Life Science, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon Principal Investigator: Dr. Navin D Dandi 14. Water quality and geomedical health hazard management in Tribal Pockets of Nandurbar district of Maharashtra State Institute: School of Life Science, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon Principal Investigator: Prof. S N Patil, Head, Dept. of Applied Geology, SLS, N M University, Jalgaon 15. Documenting indigenous medicinal knowledge of the tribal and forest fringe community in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra

155

Institute: Science and Technology Resources Centre (STRC), Gondwana University Gadchiroli Principal Investigator: Dr. (Mrs.) Vrunda Kate 16. Health & Hygiene Awareness Programme in the Tribal areas of Lakhimpur- Kheeri district of Uttar Pradesh Institute: NASI-Lucknow Chapter Principal Investigator: Dr. Manvendra Tripathi 17. Improving the Health, Wellbeing, and Livelihood of Tribal Women in Mirzapur & Sonebhadra District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh Institute: NASI-Varanasi Chapter Principal Investigator: Prof. Madhoolika Agrawal, Dept. of Botany, BHU, Varanasi

Projects approved/started recently Major Outcome/achievements - to be reported 18. Lifestyle intervention programme on health-seeking behaviour, malnutrition and malaria prevention in Ashram school tribal children of Dindori district in Madhya Pradesh Institute: ICMR- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur Project Coordinator: Dr.Aparup Das, Director, ICMR-NIRTH, Jabalpur Project Investigator: Dr. Dinesh Kumar, ICMR-NIRTH, Jabalpur 19. An initiative for increasing awareness and empowerment in tribal women of Rewa, MP, with special concern to health, hygiene and sanitation Institute: Department of Home Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj Project Investigator: Prof. Sangita Srivastava, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 20. Rural Hub for promoting Food and Nutrition Security in a tribal (Banjara) Community Institute: Dangoria Charitable Trust, Hyderabad Project Investigator: Prof. Mahtab S Bamji, Former Director Grade Scientist, NIN, Hyderabad 21. Awareness cum training programme on nutrition, diet and health for women of tribal dominated village in Bassi Block of Jaipur District, Rajasthan Institute: Jaipur National University, Jaipur Project Investigator: Dr Priyanka Mathur 22. Livelihood and nutritional security of tribal farming community of Andman & Nicobar Islands exploring native animal genetic resources Institute: ICAR-Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair Project Investigator: Dr. M S Kundu, Director, ICAR-CARI, Port Blair 23. Securing livelihood of Nicobari tribal communities of A & N Islands through sustainable horticultural interventions Institute: ICAR-Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair Project Investigator: Dr. B Augustine Jerard, ICAR-CARI, Port Blair 24. Awareness programme on drinking water quality and its impact on health condition in tribal inhabitants of Garhwal Region, Uttarkhand Institute: NASI-UK Chapter & UCOST, Dehradun Project Investigator: Dr. D P Uniyal, Sr. Scientific Officer, UCOST, Dehradun

156

Annexure-II Fellows elected for the year 2019

1. ADHIKARI, Satrajit (1965), PhD, Senior Professor of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, for his significant contributions in developing theoretical approaches for quantum dynamics of molecules in presence of non-adiabatic coupling. 2. AHMED, Shakeel (1958), PhD, Chief Scientist, National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, for his significant contribution towards advancement of geo- statistical methods in hydrological studies, development of Decision Support Tools (DST) for groundwater management and mapping of aquifers. 3. ANAND, Ruchi (1975), PhD, Professor, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, for her outstanding contribution to probe molecular mechanisms in select biological systems. She has combined knowledge obtained from biophysical and biochemical studies and addressed two globally important issues: Antibiotic resistance and Water pollution as evident from her excellent publications. Her research has also high potential in the translational science. 4. ASTHANA, Ravi Kumar (1961), PhD, Professor, CAS in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, for his significant contribution in exploring the green algae and cyanobacteria as anticancer and antibacterial compound and use of microcystin in determining potability of water. 5. ASWAL, Dinesh Kumar (1965), PhD, Director, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, for his contributions in molecular electronics, thermoelectrics and gas sensors. He has spear headed the strengthening of metrology activity at NPL in order to promote quality of products from the industries. 6. BAL, Chandra Sekhar (1960), MD, DSc(hc), FAMS, Professor & Head, Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, for his outstanding contributions in the field of nuclear medicines. 7. BANDYOPADHYAY, Bijnan (1956), PhD, FNAE, FIETE, FIEEE, Professor, Systems & Control Engineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, for his significant contribution to the theory of discrete time sliding mode control using multirate output feedback. 8. BHATTACHARYA, Ramcharan (1970), PhD, Professor, Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, for his significant contribution in unraveling the genetic regulation of immunity genes which activate broad spectrum resistance against aphids in Indian mustard. 9. BHATTACHARYYA, Somnath (1962), PhD, Professor, Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, for his significant contributions in computational fluid dynamics. His studies incorporating inherently non-linear effects have focused on the development of advanced numerical algorithms to compute nonlinear PDEs and the results are used to validate experimental findings. 10. CHANDAK, Giriraj Ratan (1963), MD, PhD, FAMS, Senior Principal Scientist & Group Leader, Genomic Research on Complex Diseases, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, for his manifold research contributions in demonstrating the genetic and mutational heterogeneity and gene nutrient interaction in prevalent complex diseases, such as chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, neural tube defects etc. in Indians. 11. CHANDRA, Satish (1962), PhD, Director, Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, for his significant research contribution in the areas of Highway Capacity and Bituminous Material Characterization. 12. CHATTERJEE, Subhadeep (1975), PhD, Staff Scientist V, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics, Hyderabad, for his outstanding work to understand the

157

role of cell-cell signaling factors regulating in virulence functions of Xanthomonads pathogens of rice. He has also demonstrated that a diffusible Xanthomonas signaling factor elicits plant immune responses indicating the intricate role of cell-cell signaling factors in plant-pathogen interactions. 13. CHATTOPADHYAY, Kausik (1974), PhD, Associate Professor, Biological Sciences Department, Indian Institute of Sciences Education & Research, Mohali, for his contribution in understanding the structure-function mechanism of action of membrane damaging Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) in the gastro-enteric pathogenic organisms V. cholerae. 14. CHATTOPADHYAY, Pronobesh (1975), PhD, Scientist E, Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Tezpur, for his manifold contributions in developing repellent for poisonous snakes, and other plant derived materials for safety of defense forces during operation in forests. 15. CHATTOPADHYAY, Subhasis (1964), PhD, Scientific Officer H, Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, for his outstanding contributions to development of „resistive plate chambers‟ and „ gas electron multiplier‟ detectors for Lage Hadron Collider at CERN and the FAIR facility, Germany. 16. CHERUKUMALLI, Srinivasa Rao (1965), PhD, FNAAS, Director, National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad, for his significant contribution in the area of climate change research, soil health, carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation for sustainable development of agriculture. 17. CHINNASWAMY, Anandharamakrishnan (1973), PhD, FNAAS, FRSC, Director, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur, for his manifold contributions in the field of agri-food processing and nano-scale technologies of food and bioactive ingredients. 18. CHINTALAPATI, Venkata Ramana (1962), PhD, Professor & Head, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, for his extensive work on bacterial diversity and their metabolism. He made a huge collection of bacteria and developed expertise for polyphasic taxonomy. He has also developed microbial process for mass production of secondary products and transferred technology to Industry. 19. DAVID, Justin Raj (1969), PhD, FASc, Professor, Centre for High Energy Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, for his contributions in 2-dimensional conformal field theory. He was the first to obtain the leading correction to entanglement entropy in systems of higher currents. 20. DESHMUKH, Mandar Madhukar (1974), PhD, Professor, Department of Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, for his significant studies on electronic properties of graphene, metal insulator transition in VO2 and elastic properties of nanosystems. 21. DEY, Nrisingha (1964), PhD, Scientist E, Institute of Life Sciences, BBSR, Odisha, for his outstanding contributions in the field of genetically–engineered plant promoters, useful to suppress plant genes constitutively and or in a tissue specific manner in crop plants. 22. DUTTA, Shanta (1962), MD, PhD, Director & Scientist G, National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, for her research focused on both applied and basic aspects involving enteric pathogens, like Shigella, Salmonella and Vibrio species. 23. GADHE, Padmanabham (1964), PhD, Director, International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials (ARCI), Hyderabad, for his significant research contributions in the fields of Materials joining, Laser Processing of Materials, and Technology Transfer & Commercialization. He successfully led several technology development projects for various industrial sectors. 24. GHOSH, Ashish (1966), PhD, Professor, Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, for his pioneering contribution in the research and development of

158

computational models in neural, neuro-fuzzy and deep learning paradigms for pattern recognition and machine learning to handle real life decision making problems. 25. GOVINDASAMY, Sekar (1971), PhD, FRSC, Professor, Department of Chemistry, IIT Madras, Chennai, for his significant contributions focusing on development of new synthetic methodologies employing environmentally benign chiral homogenous and metal nanocatalyst. 26. HASSAN, Puthusserickal Abdulrahiman (1968), PhD, Scientific Officer H & Head, NBS, Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, for his significant contributions in the area of soft matter, in particular developing self- assembly as a tool for the design of smart materials for bio-diagnostics and drug delivery applications. 27. MAHAPATRA, Nitish Ranjan (1971), PhD, Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, for his extensive studies using animal models and human subjects to decipher the mechanism involved in hypertension and Type 2 diabetes. He has delineated mechanism involved in genes regulating cholesterol and catecholamines metabolism. These studies provide significant inputs for rational drug-design for newer anti-hypertensive therapy. 28. MAJEE, Manoj (1976), PhD, Staff Scientist V, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, for his outstanding contribution in the area of stress and seed biology. He has dissected the molecular and biochemical mechanism involved in protein damage and repair in seeds. 29. MALHOTRA, Pawan (1960), PhD, Principal Investigator & Group Leader, Malaria Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, New Delhi, for his excellent contribution to the biology of M. tuberculosis and P. falciparum. His outstanding work elaborated a „Degradosequestrome complex‟ in the formation of hemozoin crystals and elucidated the Methylome of malarial parasite. 30. MENON, Gautam Iqbal (1966), PhD, Professor H+, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai, for his contributions to application of statistical mechanics to condensed matter systems and biosystems. He and his experimental collaborators have provided the first experimental observation of vortex glass phase. 31. MISHRA, Prabhat Ranjan (1970), PhD, Principal Scientist, Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, for his outstanding contribution in mechanistic understanding of targeted nano-therapeutics through ligand receptor interactions, receptor mediated endocytosis and endosomal pH responsiveness to achieve higher therapeutic index with low toxicity of drugs. 32. MOHANAN, Parayanthala Valappil (1962), PhD, Scientist G, Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Trivandrum, for his significant contributions for the development of medical device industry and medical device regulations in India. 33. MUKHOPADHYAY, Arnab (1972), PhD, Staff Scientist V, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, for his contribution to the understanding of nutrient signaling, controlling the life-span and modulating aging. 34. MUTHALAGU, Ravichandra (1965), PhD, Director, National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research, Goa, for his ocean observations through profiling floats which provided new insight about thermo-haline structure of Upper Ocean. He was instrumental for the development of integrated Indian Ocean observing systems. These observations were assimilated by him in Global Ocean Analyses, which are being used for the seasonal prediction of monsoon by coupled ocean-atmosphere models. 35. NATARAJ, Neela (1968), PhD, Professor, Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, for her significant contribution to study the effects of numerical integration and boundary approximation using isoparametric finite

159

elements; her recent research focuses on studying error estimates for Galerkin FEM to approximate non-singular solutions of von Karman equations. 36. PATHAK, Anirban (1974), PhD, FIETE, Professor, Department of Physics and Materials Science Engineering, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, for his contributions in Quantum Information Technology and Quantum optics. 37. PATIL, Prabhugouda Mallanagouda (1960), PhD, Professor & Chairman, Department of Mathematics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, for his significant contributions in Mathematical modeling aspects of fluid flow problems. These models utilize the quasilinearization technique and the results are useful for Design Engineers to control various parameters of heat and mass transfer. 38. PRASAD, Sheo Mohan (1959), PhD, Professor, Ranjan Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, for his manifold contribution in the area of Environmental Science with reference to regulation of physiological and biochemical processes of cyanobacteria and higher plants under various abiotic stresses. 39. RAVINDRANATHAN, Thangadurai (1969), DPhil, Professor H, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Prayagraj, for his important contributions to various aspects of number theory; this includes the study of combinatorial constants attached to a finite abelian group, transcendental number theory and so. 40. RAYALA, Suresh Kumar (1976), Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, for his excellent contribution in the area of Cancer Biology and signaling mechanism with reference to the role P21 Activated Kinase 1 (Pak 1). His work focused on understanding the molecular mechanism by which Pak 1 contributes to the dreaded disease. 41. SAHOO, Akhila Kumar (1972), PhD, Professor, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, for his significant contributions in organic chemistry, by introducing the concept of reusable directing groups in the field of C-H activation. 42. SARKAR, Dibyendu (1968), PhD, Senior Principal Scientist, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, for elucidating the mechanism by which the bacterial regulatory Protein, PhoP controls expression of virulence factors in Mycobacteria; the mechanism by which thus proteins recognize promoter elements is especially noteworthy. 43. SENGUPTA, Sharmila (1959), PhD, Professor, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, for her significant research work on human-HPV interaction and molecular distinctiveness of cervical cancer caused by HPV in its episomal form. 44. SHARMA, G. Taru (1965), PhD, FNAAS, Principal Scientist & Head, Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, for her outstanding studies on therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stem cells in animals and a novel, innovative and efficacious three dimensional model for in-vitro culture of preantral follicles (PFs). 45. SINGH, Sunil Kumar (1971), PhD, FNA, FASc, Director, National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, for his important contribution towards understanding of the particle-water interaction and submarine groundwater discharge. In addition, he has addressed fundamental issues related to internal source, cycling and sinks of Fe, Al and Zn, their biogeochemistry and impact on oceanic budget. 46. SRIVASTAVA, Ashwini Kumar (1953), PhD, Former Professor, UGC-BSR Faculty Fellow, Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, for his significant contributions in the area of electro-analytical chemistry, developing electrochemical sensors, biosensors and transducers to target variety of species including metals, drugs and biomolecules. 47. SRIVASTAVA, Rohit (1976), PhD, Professor, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, for his pioneering translational works at IIT

160

Bombay, innovating, developing and commercializing many techniques/products as „urine analysis system‟, low cost glucometer and many more. 48. TIWARI, Manoj Kumar (1962), PhD, FNAE, Professor, Department of Industrial & System Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, for his scholarly contributions in the broad areas of Logistic Science, Manufacturing Science, Production Planning and Supply Chain Management using computational intelligence. 49. TRIPATHI, Manjari (1968), MCh, Professor, Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, for her immense contribution in diagnosis and treatment of various neurological disorders, like epilepsy, stroke, sleep disorders and so. 50. VASUDEVA RAO, P.R. (1953), PhD, FNAE, Vice-Chancellor, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, for his significant contributions on chemical aspects of fast reactors and their fuel cycle at IGCAR, DAE; in particular, dealing with actinide separation and study of third phase separation in extraction of plutonium and thorium.

In the area of „Science & Society‟

• RAVI, Bina (1952), MS, FRCS, Professor of Surgery, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, for her manifold scientific and societal contributions in the area of medicine, surgery and community health, especially for her work on healthcare of rural women.

• ANDEZHATH, K. Susheela (1937) PhD, FAMS, FASc, Executive Director, Fluorosis Research & Rural Development Foundation, Delhi, for her socio-scientific work to deal with public health issues, especially for her commendable work on mitigating the problem of fluorosis in India.

Foreign Fellows elected for the year 2019

1. BADYAL, Jas Pal Singh, (1964), PhD, FRS, Professor, Chemistry Department, Durham University, Durham, England, UK, for his pioneering contributions towards functionalization of solid surfaces, deposition of functional nanolayers, and successful exploitation of these findings in electronic industry. 2. BANERJEE, Utpal (1957), PhD, Professor, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA, for his outstanding contribution in the field of combinatorial signal integration mechanism at developmental enhancers, hematopoietic progenitor control during hematopoiesis and stress conditions. 3. WADHWA, Renu (1961), PhD, Prime Senior Researcher & Lab Head, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Ibaraki, Japan, for discovering calcium responsive transcription ketosis and mortalin proteins; she has demonstrated their key role in stress, aging and carcinogenesis. She has trained more than 100 young Indian students at her laboratory through DBT- AIST collaboration and regularly delivers lectures in different universities and other institutions.

161

Annexure-III

Members elected for the year 2019

LIST OF SELECTED MEMBERS (BIOLOGICAL)

1. Dr. Deepu Mathew, M.Sc., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Centre for Plant Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Kerela Agricultural University KAU Post, Thrissur, Kerela-680 656 E-mail: [email protected] 2. Dr. Ekta Sharma, M.Sc., Ph.D. Assistant Professor & In-charge Head Deptt. of Textiles & Apparel Designing Ethelind College of Home Science; Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj E-mail : [email protected] 3. Dr. Devi Prasad Uniyal, M.Sc., Ph.D. Senior Scientific Officer Uttarakhand State Council for Science & Technology VigyanDham, Jhajra Dehradun-248 007 E-mail : [email protected] 4. Dr. Sanjay Basak, MSc, Ph.D, Post Doc Scientist D/ Assistant Director ICMR- National Insitute of Nutrition Tarnaka Hyderabad – 500 007 E-mail : [email protected] 5. Dr. Rajib Deb, M.VSc, Ph.D., Post Doc Scientist (SS) Division of Cattle Genetics & Breeding, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Grass Farm Road Meerut cantt, Meerut -250 001 E-mail : [email protected] 6. Dr. Timir Tripathi, M.Sc, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University Shillong Meghalaya-793 022 E-mail: [email protected] 7. Dr. Subash Chandra Gupta, M.Sc., Ph.D., Assistant Professor Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi–221 005 E- mail : [email protected] 8. Dr. Muthamilarasan Mehanathan, M.Sc., Ph.D. DST-INSPIRE Faculty ICAR- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology LBS Centre, Pusa Campus New Delhi-110 012 E-mail : [email protected] 9. Dr. M.S. Muthu, M.Pharma, Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Pharmaceutical Engg. & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi-221 005 E-mail : [email protected] 10. Dr. Asimul Islam, M.Sc., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences Room No. 19, Ramanujan Block, MujeebBagh JamiaMilliIslamia, New Delhi – 110 025 E-mail : [email protected] 11. Dr. Shaon Ray Chaudhuri, M.Sc., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Microbiology, Tripura University Suryamaninagar Tripura West-799 022 E-mail : [email protected] 12. Dr. Premkumar Kumpati, M.Sc., Ph.D., PDF Associate Professor Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli- 620 024 E-mail : [email protected] 13. Dr. Subhash Mohan Agarwal, M.Sc., Ph.D. Scientist E Bioinformatics Division, ICMR- National Institute of Cancer Prevention & Research I-7, Sec-39, Noida-201 301 E-mail : [email protected] 14. Dr. Raju Nivarti Gacche, M.Sc., NET, Ph.D. Professor & Head Department of Biotechnology, SavitribaiPhule Pune University Pune-411 007 E-mail : [email protected]

162

15. Dr. Sushmita Das, M.Sc, Ph.D Associate Professor Department of Microbiology, All India institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Phulwarisharif Patna Bihar– 801505 E-mail : [email protected] 16. Dr. Debasis Biswas, MBBS, MD Professor & Head, Dept. of Microbiology, All India institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal M.P. – 462024 E-mail: [email protected] 17. Dr. Bindu Kutty, M.Sc, M.Phil, Ph.D Professor & Head Department of Neurophysiology, National Insitute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Hosur Road Banglore-560029 E-mail : [email protected] 18. Dr. Jyotirmay Biswas, MBBS, M.S. Director of Uvetis& Ocular Pathology Department Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya 18, Coolege Road Chennai – 600 006 E-mail: [email protected] 19. Dr. Shashi Pandey Rai, M.Sc., Ph.D. Professor Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221 005 E-mail : [email protected] 20. Dr. V.R. Prabavathy, M.Sc., Ph.D. Principal Scientist M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation 3rd Cross Road; Taramani Institutional Area Chennai- 600 113 E-mail : [email protected] 21. Dr. Naresh Chandra, M.Sc., Ph.D. Director (Education) B.K.Birla College of Arts, Science, Commerce B.K.Birla College Road, Kalyan (West) Thane-421 304 E-mail : [email protected] 22. Dr. R. Gomathi, M.Sc (Ag.), Ph.D. Principal Scientist (Plant Physiology) ICAR- Sugarcane Breeding Institute Seeranayakanpalayam, Coimbatore Tamilnadu-641 007 E-mail : [email protected] 23. Dr. Rajasekaran Chandrasekaran, M.Sc., D.Phil Professor Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore- 632 014 Tamilnadu E-mail : [email protected] 24. Dr. Ravi Tandon, M.Sc., Ph.D. Assistant Professor School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi-110 067 E-mail : [email protected]

LIST OF SELECTED MEMBERS (PHYSICAL)

1. Dr. Sivan Velamathi, M.Sc., Ph.D. Professor Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Triuchirappalli-620 015 E-mail : [email protected] 2. Dr. Tokeer Ahmad, M.Sc., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Chemistry JamiaMilliaIslamia (Central University) Jamia Nagar New Delhi – 110 025 E-mail : [email protected] 3. Dr. Anoop Ayyappan, M.Sc., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur – 721 302 E-mail : [email protected] 4. Dr. Atul Changdev Chaskar, M.Sc., Ph.D. Associate Professor National Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology University of Mumbai Vidyanagari, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E) Mumbai 400 098 E-mail : [email protected] 5. Dr. AshutoshVasant Bedekar, M.Sc., Ph.D. Professor Department of Chemistry, M.S. University of Baroda Vadodara – 390 002 E-mail : [email protected] 6. Dr. ParagVishwas Adhyapak, M.Sc., Ph.D. Scientist (C) Centre for Material for Electronics Technology Panchavati Off Pashan Road Pune-411 008 E-mail : [email protected] 7. Dr. Rajakumar Ananthakrishnan, M.Sc., Ph.D., Associate Professor Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur – 721 302 E-mail : [email protected]

163

8. Dr. Kamal Kishor Pant, M.Tech., Ph.D. Professor & Head Department of Chemical Engg., Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Hauzkhas New Delhi-110 016 E-mail : [email protected] 9. Dr. R.P. Vijay Kumar, B.Tech., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Chemical Engg., Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur Nagpur- 440 010 E-mail : [email protected] 10. Dr. Ram Naresh, M.Sc., Ph.D. Professor Department of Mathematics School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Harcourt Butler Technical University Kanpur-208 002 E- mail : [email protected] 11. Dr. Ritesh Kumar Dubey, M.Sc., Ph.D. Research Associate Professor Research Institute University Building SRMIST Chennai-600 036 E-mail : [email protected] 12. Dr. Shruti Dubey, M.Sc., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai-600 036 E-mail : [email protected] 13. Dr. VasudevaRaoAllu, M.Sc., Ph.D., Post Doc Associate Professor School of Basic Sciences IIT Bhubaneswar Jatni Road Argul, Bhubaneswar-751 019 E-mail : [email protected] 14. Dr. Thakur Prasad Yadav, M.Sc, Ph.D Scientist Hydrogen Energy Centre, Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221 005 E-mail : [email protected] 15. Dr. N Vijayan, M.Sc., Ph.D. Senior Scientist Indian Material Reference Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr. KS Krishnan Marg New Delhi – 110012 E- mail : [email protected] 16. Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Shrivastava, M.Sc., Ph.D., Associate Professor Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Kharagpur – 721 302 E-mail : [email protected] 17. Dr. PunitaVerma, M.Sc., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Physics Kalindi College, East Patel Nagar New Delhi-110095 E-mail : [email protected] 18. Dr. UtpalSarkar, M.Sc., Ph.D., Assistant Professor Department of Physics, Assam University Silchar-788 011 E-mail: [email protected] 19. Dr. Ramesh Chandra, M.Sc., Ph.D., Professor Department of Physics, DBS Campus Kumaun University Nainital-263 002 E-mail: [email protected] 20. Dr. Mukesh Kumar, M.Tech., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Nangal Road, Rupnagar Ropar – 141 001 E-mail : [email protected] 21. Dr. SatyabrataMohapatra, M.Sc., Ph.D. Assistant Professor School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Guru GobindIndraprastha University New Delhi- 110 078 E-mail: [email protected] 22. Dr. Sandip Kumar Saha, M.Sc(Engg.)., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Mechanical Engg., Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Powai Mumbai-400076 E-mail : [email protected] 23. Dr. PrashantSrivastava, M.Sc., Ph.D. Assistant Professor NIIT University NH-8 Delhi Jaipur Highway Neemrana, Alwar E-mail : [email protected] 24. Dr. Subhasis Roy, M.Tech., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Chemical Engg., Rajabazar Science College, University of Calcutta 92, A.P.C. Road Kolkata- 700 009 E-mail : [email protected] 25. Dr. Chandra Shekhar Sharma, B.Tech., Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Chemical Engg., Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad Kandi 502285 SagareddyTelangana E-mail : [email protected]

164

Annexure-IV

Audit Report

165

166

167

168

169

170